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Llera Martín CJ, Ruff CB. Changes in diaphyseal cross-sectional properties with age in macaques. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024; 183:e24857. [PMID: 37795941 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study seeks to quantify changes in long bone cross-sectional properties in a colony of semi-free-ranging rhesus macaques and compare observed aging patterns to those of other primates, including humans. METHODS Peripheral quantitative computed tomography was used to obtain midshaft cross sections of the femora, tibiae, humeri, and radii of 115 macaque specimens ranging from 7 to 31 years of age. Linear regressions of cross-sectional properties on age were analyzed. An analysis of covariance was conducted to quantify differences in rates of change between males and females. RESULTS Results show that medullary area increases while cortical area decreases with age in both sexes. The polar section modulus and the polar strain-strength index, measuring torsional and bending strength, show no decline in most sections but decrease significantly with age in the hindlimb elements of female macaques. Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) also decreases with age in both male and female macaques; however, the cumulative change in vBMD over the adult lifespan is relatively small, equivalent to a less than 10% decrease in material strength. An analysis of covariance shows no differences between males and females in the rate of change of properties with age. DISCUSSION Overall, this study shows that there are some similarities in the skeletal aging patterns of macaques and those of other primates, including humans, but also some differences, with greater losses of bone found in human females as a result of an extended post-reproductive period that is generally not found among wild or semi-wild macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Llera Martín
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Medical Anatomical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Christopher B Ruff
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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2
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Wilson BJ, Owston HE, Iqbal N, Giannoudis PV, McGonagle D, Pandit H, Philipose Pampadykandathil L, Jones E, Ganguly P. In Vitro Osteogenesis Study of Shell Nacre Cement with Older and Young Donor Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:143. [PMID: 38391629 PMCID: PMC10886325 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone void-filling cements are one of the preferred materials for managing irregular bone voids, particularly in the geriatric population who undergo many orthopedic surgeries. However, bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) of older-age donors often exhibit reduced osteogenic capacity. Hence, it is crucial to evaluate candidate bone substitute materials with BM-MSCs from the geriatric population to determine the true osteogenic potential, thus simulating the clinical situation. With this concept, we investigated the osteogenic potential of shell nacre cement (SNC), a bone void-filling cement based on shell nacre powder and ladder-structured siloxane methacrylate, using older donor BM-MSCs (age > 55 years) and young donor BM-MSCs (age < 30 years). Direct and indirect cytotoxicity studies conducted with human BM-MSCs confirmed the non-cytotoxic nature of SNC. The standard colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay and population doubling (PD) time assays revealed a significant reduction in the proliferation potential (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05) in older donor BM-MSCs compared to young donor BM-MSCs. Correspondingly, older donor BM-MSCs contained higher proportions of senescent, β-galactosidase (SA-β gal)-positive cells (nearly 2-fold, p < 0.001). In contrast, the proliferation capacity of older donor BM-MSCs, measured as the area density of CellTrackerTM green positive cells, was similar to that of young donor BM-MSCs following a 7-day culture on SNC. Furthermore, after 14 days of osteoinduction on SNC, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) showed that the amount of calcium and phosphorus deposited by young and older donor BM-MSCs on SNC was comparable. A similar trend was observed in the expression of the osteogenesis-related genes BMP2, RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1, OMD and SPARC. Overall, the results of this study indicated that SNC would be a promising candidate for managing bone voids in all age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Jeyatha Wilson
- Division of Dental Products, Department of Biomaterial Science and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 012, India
| | - Heather Elizabeth Owston
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
| | - Neelam Iqbal
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
- Leeds Orthopaedic & Trauma Sciences, Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
- Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Lizymol Philipose Pampadykandathil
- Division of Dental Products, Department of Biomaterial Science and Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 012, India
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
| | - Payal Ganguly
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7JT, UK
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3
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Feng Q, Song X, Liu L, Zhou X, Chen Z. Plasma serotonin precursors and metabolite are correlated with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2024; 32:10225536231187181. [PMID: 38613416 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231187181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-HT) precursors regulate bone remodeling. This study aims to investigate the correlation of plasma 5-HT precursors and metabolite with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) patients. METHODS The age, body mass index (BMI), and years since menopause (YSM) were documented for 348 postmenopausal women in normal/osteopenia/osteoporosis (OP) groups, with lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD measured. Serum bone turnover markers (PINP/β-CTX) and plasma 5-HT, 5-HT precursors (Trp/5-HTP) and metabolite (5-HIAA) were measured by ELISA. OP patients were allocated to high/low expression groups following ROC analysis of 5-HT/Trp/5-HTP/5-HIAA. The relationship of plasma 5-HT/Trp/5-HTP/5-HIAA, BMD, and bone turnover markers with PMOP was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The correlation of plasma 5-HT/Trp/5-HTP/5-HIAA with BMD and bone turnover markers was analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis, followed by logistic regression analysis of the relationship between plasma 5-HT/Trp/5-HTP/5-HIAA and BMD, bone turnover markers and PMOP. RESULTS BMI, YSM, BMD and PINP, and β-CTX levels differed among groups. Levels of plasma 5-HT precursors/metabolite were increased in OP patients. Individuals with high 5-HT precursors/metabolite levels had low BMD and high PINP/β-CTX levels. The 5-HT precursors/metabolite negatively-correlated with BMD and positively-correlated with PINP/β-CTX. BMI, YSM, BMD, and PINP/β-CTX/Trp/5-HTP/5-HT related to PMOP and were independent risk factors for OP. CONCLUSION Plasma 5-HT precursors and metabolite negatively-correlate with BMD and positively-correlate with PINP/β-CTX in PMOP patients. Peripheral 5-HT precursors and metabolite level may be a new direction of treatment of PMOP and bone metabolism-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Feng
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Examination, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, China
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Kumari P, Shirumalla RK, Bhalla V, Alam MS. New Emerging Aspect of Herbal Extracts for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: Overview. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:361-372. [PMID: 38173067 DOI: 10.2174/0115733971273691231121131455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
As the global population ages, osteoporosis is becoming a more common silent disease. Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone quality and strength, which increases the risk of fragility fractures in the elderly. According to estimates, 50% of women eventually suffer from an osteoporotic fracture. Due to increasing disability, more frequent hospital hospitalizations, and most critically, fragility fractures have been linked to a reduced quality of life. Osteoporotic fractures have been linked to an increased mortality risk; and must be considered in awareness as a serious health concern. There are anti-osteoporotic medications available that improve bone quality. Considering the availability of various treatment options, still there are a lot of underserved needs in the treatment of fractures and osteoporosis. For example, the application of natural products and herbal resources for fracture healing, because of the androgen-like and antioxidant characteristics of the plants, they can play a crucial for accelerating the repair of bone fractures. In this article, we'll discuss the herbal remedies that are essential for treating osteoporosis (bone disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Raj K Shirumalla
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Vijay Bhalla
- SGT College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, SGT University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SGT College of Pharmacy, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
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Adejuyigbe B, Kallini J, Chiou D, Kallini JR. Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14583. [PMID: 37834025 PMCID: PMC10572718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide and resulting in significant economic costs. The condition is characterized by changes in bone homeostasis, which lead to reduced bone mass, impaired bone quality, and an increased risk of fractures. The pathophysiology of osteoporosis is complex and multifactorial, involving imbalances in hormones, cytokines, and growth factors. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying osteoporosis is essential for appropriate diagnosis and management of the condition. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the normal cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone homeostasis, followed by an in-depth discussion of the proposed pathophysiology of osteoporosis through the osteoimmunological, gut microbiome, and cellular senescence models. Furthermore, the diagnostic tools used to assess osteoporosis, including bone mineral density measurements, biochemical markers of bone turnover, and diagnostic imaging modalities, are also discussed. Finally, both the current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment algorithms and management options for osteoporosis, including an exploration of the management of osteoporotic fragility fractures, are highlighted. This review reveals the need for further research to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the condition and to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babapelumi Adejuyigbe
- David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Julie Kallini
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Daniel Chiou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Jennifer R. Kallini
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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Davis SR, Pinkerton J, Santoro N, Simoncini T. Menopause-Biology, consequences, supportive care, and therapeutic options. Cell 2023; 186:4038-4058. [PMID: 37678251 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is the cessation of ovarian function, with loss of reproductive hormone production and irreversible loss of fertility. It is a natural part of reproductive aging. The physiology of the menopause is complex and incompletely understood. Globally, menopause occurs around the age of 49 years, with geographic and ethnic variation. The hormonal changes of the menopause transition may result in both symptoms and long-term systemic effects, predominantly adverse effects on cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal health. The most effective treatment for bothersome menopausal symptoms is evidence-based, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), which reduces bone loss and may have cardiometabolic benefits. Evidence-based non-hormonal interventions are also available for symptom relief. Treatment should be individualized with shared decision-making. Most MHT regimens are not regulator approved for perimenopausal women. Studies that include perimenopausal women are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of treatment options. Further research is crucial to improve menopause care, along with research to guide policy and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Davis
- Women's Health Research Program, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Alfred Health, Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - JoAnn Pinkerton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Midlife Health, The University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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7
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Meng F, Yu Y, Tian Y, Deng M, Zheng K, Guo X, Zeng B, Li J, Qian A, Yin C. A potential therapeutic drug for osteoporosis: prospect for osteogenic LncRNAs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1219433. [PMID: 37600711 PMCID: PMC10435887 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play essential roles in multiple physiological processes including bone formation. Investigators have revealed that LncRNAs regulated bone formation through various signaling pathways and micro RNAs (miRNAs). However, several problems exist in current research studies on osteogenic LncRNAs, including sophisticated techniques, high cost for in vivo experiment, as well as low homology of LncRNAs between animal model and human, which hindered translational medicine research. Moreover, compared with gene editing, LncRNAs would only lead to inhibition of target genes rather than completely knocking them out. As the studies on osteogenic LncRNA gradually proceed, some of these problems have turned osteogenic LncRNA research studies into slump. This review described some new techniques and innovative ideas to address these problems. Although investigations on osteogenic LncRNAs still have obtacles to overcome, LncRNA will work as a promising therapeutic drug for osteoporosis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjin Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Kaiyuan Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Beilei Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jingjia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Hodges JK, Maiz M, Cao S, Lachcik PJ, Peacock M, McCabe GP, McCabe LD, Cladis DP, Jackson GS, Ferruzzi MG, Lila MA, Bailey RL, Martin BR, Weaver CM. Moderate consumption of freeze-dried blueberry powder increased net bone calcium retention compared with no treatment in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:382-390. [PMID: 37269909 PMCID: PMC10447493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies suggest that blueberry consumption is associated with improved bone health. OBJECTIVES We conducted a blueberry dose-response study in ovariectomized (OVX)-rats that informed a study in postmenopausal women using the urinary appearance of calcium (Ca) tracers from prelabeled bone to reflect changes in bone balance. We hypothesized that blueberry consumption would reduce bone loss in a dose-dependent manner compared with no treatment. METHODS OVX rats were fed 4 doses of blueberry powder (2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) in randomized order to determine bone 45Ca retention. Fourteen healthy, nonosteoporotic women ≥4 y past menopause were dosed with 50 nCi of 41Ca, a long-lived radioisotope, and equilibrated for 5 mo to allow 41Ca deposition in bone. Following a 6-wk baseline period, participants were assigned to a random sequence of 3 6-wk interventions, a low (17.5 g/d), medium (35 g/d), or high (70 g/d) dose of freeze-dried blueberry powder equivalent to 0.75, 1.5, or 3 cups of fresh blueberries incorporated into food and beverage products. Urinary 41Ca:Ca ratio was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry. Serum bone resorption biomarkers and urinary polyphenols were measured at the end of each control and intervention period. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model and repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS In both OVX rats and postmenopausal women, blueberry interventions benefited net bone calcium balance at lower but not at higher doses. In women, net bone calcium retention increased by 6% with the low (95% CI: 2.50, 8.60; P < 0.01) and 4% with the medium (95% CI: 0.96, 7.90; P < 0.05) dose compared with no treatment. Urinary excretion of hippuric acid increased dose-dependently with blueberry consumption. No significant relationships were found between bone resorption biomarkers, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and interventions. CONCLUSIONS Moderate consumption (<1 cup/d) of blueberries may be an effective strategy to attenuate bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02630797.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Hodges
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Maria Maiz
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Sisi Cao
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Pamela J Lachcik
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Munro Peacock
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Linda D McCabe
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Dennis P Cladis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - George S Jackson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Berdine R Martin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Connie M Weaver
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States.
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Torrecillas-Baena B, Pulido-Escribano V, Dorado G, Gálvez-Moreno MÁ, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Casado-Díaz A. Clinical Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Bone Regeneration. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4385. [PMID: 37445420 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is regulated by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and stem cells. Pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and traumatic fractures require effective treatments that favor bone formation and regeneration. Among these, cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has been proposed. MSC are osteoprogenitors, but their regenerative activity depends in part on their paracrine properties. These are mainly mediated by extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion. EV modulates regenerative processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Thus, MSC-EV are currently an important tool for the development of cell-free therapies in regenerative medicine. This review describes the current knowledge of the effects of MSC-EV in the different phases of bone regeneration. MSC-EV has been used by intravenous injection, directly or in combination with different types of biomaterials, in preclinical models of bone diseases. They have shown great clinical potential in regenerative medicine applied to bone. These findings should be confirmed through standardization of protocols, a better understanding of the mechanisms of action, and appropriate clinical trials. All that will allow the translation of such cell-free therapy to human clinic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Torrecillas-Baena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Victoria Pulido-Escribano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Department Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Gálvez-Moreno
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Camacho-Cardenosa
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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10
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Brent MB. Pharmaceutical treatment of bone loss: From animal models and drug development to future treatment strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108383. [PMID: 36933702 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are fundamental to advance our knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of bone loss and to study pharmaceutical countermeasures against it. The animal model of post-menopausal osteoporosis from ovariectomy is the most widely used preclinical approach to study skeletal deterioration. However, several other animal models exist, each with unique characteristics such as bone loss from disuse, lactation, glucocorticoid excess, or exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these animal models to emphasize the importance and significance of investigating bone loss and pharmaceutical countermeasures from perspectives other than post-menopausal osteoporosis only. Hence, the pathophysiology and underlying cellular mechanisms involved in the various types of bone loss are different, and this might influence which prevention and treatment strategies are the most effective. In addition, the review sought to map the current landscape of pharmaceutical countermeasures against osteoporosis with an emphasis on how drug development has changed from being driven by clinical observations and enhancement or repurposing of existing drugs to today's use of targeted anti-bodies that are the result of advanced insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of bone formation and resorption. Moreover, new treatment combinations or repurposing opportunities of already approved drugs with a focus on dabigatran, parathyroid hormone and abaloparatide, growth hormone, inhibitors of the activin signaling pathway, acetazolamide, zoledronate, and romosozumab are discussed. Despite the considerable progress in drug development, there is still a clear need to improve treatment strategies and develop new pharmaceuticals against various types of osteoporosis. The review also highlights that new treatment indications should be explored using multiple animal models of bone loss in order to ensure a broad representation of different types of skeletal deterioration instead of mainly focusing on primary osteoporosis from post-menopausal estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Bo Brent
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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11
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Gao H, Patel S, Fohtung RB, Cawthon PM, Newman AB, Cauley JA, Carbone L, Chaves PHM, Stein PK, Civitelli R, Kizer JR. Sex- and race-specific associations of bone mineral density with incident heart failure and its subtypes in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:742-755. [PMID: 36334030 PMCID: PMC10023291 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested an association between bone mineral density (BMD) and heart failure (HF) risk that may be race-dependent. METHODS We evaluated the relationship between BMD and incident HF in a cohort of older adults, the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study (n = 2835), and next performed a pooled analysis involving a second older cohort, the Cardiovascular Health Study (n = 1268). Hip BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in both cohorts and spine BMD by computed tomography in a subset from Health ABC. RESULTS In Health ABC, lower BMD at the total hip was associated with higher incident HF in Black women after multivariable adjustment. Similar associations were found for BMD at the femoral neck and spine. In both cohorts, pooled analysis again revealed an association between lower total hip BMD and increased risk of HF in Black women (HR = 1.41 per 0.1-g/cm2 decrement [95% CI = 1.23-1.62]), and showed the same to be true for White men (HR = 1.12 [1.03-1.21]). There was a decreased risk of HF in Black men (HR 0.80 [0.70-0.91]), but no relationship in White women. The associations were numerically stronger with HFpEF for Black women and White men, and with HFrEF for Black men. Findings were similar for femoral neck BMD. Sensitivity analyses delaying HF follow-up by 2 years eliminated the association in Black men. CONCLUSIONS Lower BMD was associated with higher risk of HF and especially HFpEF in older Black women and White men, highlighting the need for additional investigation into underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Gao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sheena Patel
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Raymond B. Fohtung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Peggy M. Cawthon
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Laura Carbone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta GA
| | - Paulo H. M. Chaves
- Division of Internal Medicine and Benjamin Leon Jr Family Center for Geriatric Research and Education, Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine of Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Phyllis K. Stein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Roberto Civitelli
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Los Angeles, CA
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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12
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Suh SH, Oh TR, Choi HS, Yang EM, Kim CS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Oh KH, Hyun YY, Sung S, Kim SW. Bone Mineral Density and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051850. [PMID: 36902637 PMCID: PMC10003778 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the clear association between low BMD and all-cause mortality in the general population, the association has not been validated in patients with nondialysis CKD. To investigate the association of low BMD with all-cause mortality in this population, a total of 2089 patients with nondialysis CKD at stages 1 to predialysis 5 were categorized into normal BMD (T-score ≥ -1.0), osteopenia (-2.5 < T-score < -1.0), and osteoporosis (T-score ≤ - 2.5) by the BMD at femoral neck. The study outcome was all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier curve depicted a significantly increased number of all-cause death events in the subjects with osteopenia or osteoporosis during the follow-up period compared with subjects with normal BMD. Cox regression models demonstrated that osteoporosis, but not osteopenia, was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.963, 95% confidence interval 1.655 to 5.307). Smoothing curve fitting model visualized a clear inverse correlation between BMD T-score and the risk of all-cause mortality. Even after recategorizing the subjects by BMD T-scores at total hip or lumbar spine, the result was similar to the primary analyses. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association was not significantly modified by clinical contexts, such as age, gender, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albuminuria. In conclusion, low BMD is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with nondialysis CKD. This emphasizes that the routine measurement of BMD by DXA may confer an additional benefit beyond the prediction of fracture risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Heon Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ryom Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Sang Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Youl Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Suah Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-225-6271
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13
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Zou Q, Wei C, Shao Z, Wang H, Xiao Z, Cao L, Mei Z, Zhao W, Jiang Z, Chen Z. Risk of fracture following gastric surgery for benign and malignant conditions: A study level pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1001662. [PMID: 36479064 PMCID: PMC9721391 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1001662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic changes may occur following gastric surgery, which has been reported to contribute to bone loss, osteoporosis and even bone fracture. However, the evidence regarding the relationship between gastric surgery for benign and malignant conditions and risk of fracture is controversial. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate whether gastric surgery is associated with a high risk of fracture. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched from inception through October 2021 for population-based cohort studies investigating the associations between gastric surgery (including bariatric gastric surgeries and surgeries for gastric benign and malignant gastric tumors) and risk of fracture compared with controls. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using the random-effects Mantel-Haenszel model. Multiple subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were carried out to test sources of heterogeneity stratified by various study characteristics and the robustness of the results. RESULTS A total of 14 studies comprising 693134 individuals were identified for analysis. The RR for the risk of fracture in people undergoing gastric surgery was 1.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 - 1.72; I2 = 95.8%; P < 0.001] compared with that in control populations, among which the fracture sites of upper limb, spine, lower limb, pelvis and hip showed consistent significant results (all P < 0.05), whereas nonsignificant associations was noted for other fracture sites. Significant associations were also observed for patients having total or subtotal gastrectomy (RR 2.22, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.00), gastric bypass (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.74), and a similar trend was observed for preserved passage procedures (including sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty and other procedures that preserved the passage through the duodenum and proximal small bowel, in contrast to gastric bypass), though the difference did not reach statistically significant (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.26). An evident increased risk in the age range from 40-59 years was observed (40-49 years: RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.19-1.55; 50-59 years: RR 2.48, 95% CI 1.58-3.90). CONCLUSION From this large pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies, evidence supports that fracture risk is increased in gastric surgery survivors compared with the control population. Early prevention and effective intervention strategies of bone fracture should be taken from clinicians and health policy makers. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=291394), identifier CRD42021291394.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Zou
- Department of Perioperative Research Center of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Emergency Department, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lixing Cao
- Department of Perioperative Research Center of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zubing Mei
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Anorectal Disease Institute of Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Department of Perioperative Research Center of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Perioperative Research Center of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Utilization of Nanotechnology to Improve Bone Health in Osteoporosis Exploiting Nigella sativa and Its Active Constituent Thymoquinone. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110631. [DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a chronic bone disorder, is one of the leading causes of fracture and morbidity risk. Numerous medicinally important herbs have been evaluated for their efficacy in improving bone mass density in exhaustive preclinical and limited clinical studies. Nigella sativa L. has been used as local folk medicine, and traditional healers have used it to manage various ailments. Its reported beneficial effects include controlling bone and joint diseases. The present manuscript aimed to provide a sound discussion on the pharmacological evidence of N. sativa and its active constituent, thymoquinone, for its utility in the effective management of osteoporosis. N. sativa is reported to possess anti-IL-1 and anti-TNF-α-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, leading to positive effects on bone turnover markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. It is reported to stimulate bone regeneration by prompting osteoblast proliferation, ossification, and decreasing osteoclast cells. Thymoquinone from N. sativa has exhibited an antioxidant effect on bone tissue by reducing the FeNTA-induced oxidative stress. The present manuscript highlights phytochemistry, pharmacological effect, and the important mechanistic perspective of N. sativa and its active constituents for the management of osteoporosis. Further, it also provides sound discussion on the utilization of a nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery approach as a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic performance of N. sativa and its active constituent, thymoquinone, in the effective management of osteoporosis.
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15
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Chin KY, Ng BN, Rostam MKI, Muhammad Fadzil NFD, Raman V, Mohamed Yunus F, Syed Hashim SA, Ekeuku SO. A Mini Review on Osteoporosis: From Biology to Pharmacological Management of Bone Loss. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6434. [PMID: 36362662 PMCID: PMC9657533 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis refers to excessive bone loss as reflected by the deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture, which compromises bone strength. It is a complex multifactorial endocrine disease. Its pathogenesis relies on the presence of several endogenous and exogenous risk factors, which skew the physiological bone remodelling to a more catabolic process that results in net bone loss. This review aims to provide an overview of osteoporosis from its biology, epidemiology and clinical aspects (detection and pharmacological management). The review will serve as an updated reference for readers to understand the basics of osteoporosis and take action to prevent and manage this disease.
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16
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Sadykov R, Lytkina D, Stepanova K, Kurzina I. Synthesis of Biocompatible Composite Material Based on Cryogels of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Calcium Phosphates. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163420. [PMID: 36015677 PMCID: PMC9414812 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
At the moment, the field of biomedical materials science is actively developing, which aims at creating new functional materials. A developing direction in biomedical materials science is that towards the treatment of diseases associated with bone tissue disorders, using biodegradable composite materials based on polymer and calcium phosphate materials. We developed a material based on polyvinyl alcohol cryogel, mineralized with calcium phosphate. A material based on cryogel of polyvinyl alcohol mineralized with calcium phosphate was developed. The composites were obtained by the method of cyclic freezing-thawing, and the synthesis of calcium phosphates was carried out in situ with heating, stirring, and exposure to microwave radiation. The phase composition, as well as the composition of functional groups, was determined by IR spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. Monocytes isolated from human blood showed higher viability compared to the controls.
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17
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang K, Zhou H, Li G, Xu L, Hu Z, Cao X, Shi F, Zhang S. Circulating Exosomes from Mice with LPS-Induced Bone Loss Inhibit Osteoblast Differentiation. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:185-195. [PMID: 35435443 PMCID: PMC9300544 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00977-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoimmunology focuses on the intermodulation between bone and the immune system. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss models are commonly used to investigate the interface between inflammation and osteoporosis. Circulating exosomes can regulate physiological and pathological processes through exosomal microRNAs and proteins. In this study, we observed reduced osteoblast number and bone formation in LPS-induced bone loss mice (LPS mice). Levels of circulating exosomes were increased by ~ twofold in LPS mice, and the expression of exosomal miRNAs was significantly changed. miRNAs (miRNA-125b-5p, miRNA-132-3p, and miRNA-214-3p) that were reported to inhibit osteoblast activity were significantly increased in the serum exosomes and bone tissues of LPS mice. Additionally, LPS-induced increases in exosomes significantly inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- The 940Th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaozhi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liqun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zebing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinsheng Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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Wawrzyniak A, Balawender K. Structural and Metabolic Changes in Bone. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151946. [PMID: 35953935 PMCID: PMC9367262 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone is an extremely metabolically active tissue that is regenerated and repaired over its lifetime by bone remodeling. Most bone diseases are caused by abnormal restructure processes that undermine bone structure and mechanical strength and trigger clinical symptoms, such as pain, deformity, fracture, and abnormalities of calcium and phosphate homoeostasis. The article examines the main aspects of bone development, anatomy, structure, and the mechanisms of cell and molecular regulation of bone remodeling. Abstract As an essential component of the skeleton, bone tissue provides solid support for the body and protects vital organs. Bone tissue is a reservoir of calcium, phosphate, and other ions that can be released or stored in a controlled manner to provide constant concentration in body fluids. Normally, bone development or osteogenesis occurs through two ossification processes (intra-articular and intra-chondral), but the first produces woven bone, which is quickly replaced by stronger lamellar bone. Contrary to commonly held misconceptions, bone is a relatively dynamic organ that undergoes significant turnover compared to other organs in the body. Bone metabolism is a dynamic process that involves simultaneous bone formation and resorption, controlled by numerous factors. Bone metabolism comprises the key actions. Skeletal mass, structure, and quality are accrued and maintained throughout life, and the anabolic and catabolic actions are mostly balanced due to the tight regulation of the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This activity is also provided by circulating hormones and cytokines. Bone tissue remodeling processes are regulated by various biologically active substances secreted by bone tissue cells, namely RANK, RANKL, MMP-1, MMP-9, or type 1 collagen. Bone-derived factors (BDF) influence bone function and metabolism, and pathophysiological conditions lead to bone dysfunction. This work aims to analyze and evaluate the current literature on various local and systemic factors or immune system interactions that can affect bone metabolism and its impairments.
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Ahmad SS, Ahmed F, Ali R, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Najmi AK, Ahmad S, Ahmad MZ, Ahmad J, Khan MA. Immunology of osteoporosis: relevance of inflammatory targets for the development of novel interventions. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:815-831. [PMID: 35765988 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is recognized as low bone mass and deteriorated bone microarchitecture. It is the leading cause of fractures and consequent morbidity globally. The established pathophysiological evidence favors the endocrine factors for osteoporosis and the role of the immune system on the skeletal system has been recently identified. Due to the common developmental niche bone and immune system interactions have led to the emergence of osteoimmunology. Immune dysregulation can initiate inflammatory conditions that adversely affect bone integrity. The role of immune cells, such as T-lymphocytes subsets (Th17), cannot be neglected in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Local inflammation within the bone from any cause attracts immune cells that participate in the activation of osteoclasts. This work summarizes the present knowledge of osteoimmunology in reference to osteoporosis and identifies novel targets for immunotherapy of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sufian Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Faraha Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ruhi Ali
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (DIPSAR), DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, AdDiriyah, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Zaki Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
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Malatong Y, Palee P, Sinthubua A, Na Lampang S, Mahakkanukrauh P. Estimating age from digital radiographic images of lumbar vertebrae in a Thai population using an image analysis technique. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2022; 62:180-187. [PMID: 34821164 DOI: 10.1177/00258024211062027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using the lumbar vertebra for age estimation is helpful in cases when skeletal remains are incomplete and typical skeletal age indicators are absent. This study aimed to apply an image analysis method in extracting black pixel variables for age estimation by using the radiographic images of lumbar vertebra in a Thai population. All lumbar vertebrae L1-L5 of 220 (110 males and 110 females) from Thai individuals of known sex and ages were studied. The variables of Total Percentage of black pixels (TP), Mean Percentage of black pixels (MP), and Ratio of black to white pixels (BW), were calculated to assess the relationship between black pixel variables and aging. Equations were formulated using linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicated three variables of the lumbar vertebrae had significantly positive correlations with age. The correlation between parameters with age in males ranged 0.211-0.419, while the range in females was 0.219-0.458. The appropriate linear regression equation with the total and mean percentages of black pixel variables shows Age = -1.348+0.871 (TP) +0.514 (MP) of L4 for males (SEE; 15.4 years), and Age = 5.338 +0.316 (TP) +0.952 (MP) of L1 for females (SEE; 13.8 years). Age estimation using an image analysis method is an alternative to investigating the trabecular structure. The black pixel variable is not the actual value of bone density. However, it is useful to study its relationship with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanumart Malatong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patison Palee
- College of Arts, Media and Technology, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Apichat Sinthubua
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sakarat Na Lampang
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Forensic Osteology Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Medicine, 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Excellence in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), 26682Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Poudel P, Chalasani R, Goonathilake MR, Waqar S, George S, Jean-Baptiste W, Yusuf Ali A, Inyang B, Koshy FS, George K, Mohammed L. Effect of Thyroxine and Thyrotropin on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e26353. [PMID: 35903569 PMCID: PMC9325683 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of thyroid hormones on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women has been reported but is not completely established. To better understand this relationship, this systematic review of the reported association, differences, and effects of thyroxine and/or thyrotropin levels on bone mineral density was conducted. An electronic literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, PMC, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct from inception to April 2022; 20 studies were identified which include five quasi-experimental studies, three community cohort studies, and 12 hospital-based cross-sectional studies. Following an extensive evaluation, it was difficult to conclusively determine the association or effect of thyroxine or thyrotropin levels on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. It is therefore suggested to conduct additional non-randomized or randomized control studies on this topic for the benefit of postmenopausal women. Particular attention should be given to the adjustment of age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and dietary calcium in future research on this topic for rigorous analysis.
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22
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O'Bryan SJ, Giuliano C, Woessner MN, Vogrin S, Smith C, Duque G, Levinger I. Progressive Resistance Training for Concomitant Increases in Muscle Strength and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2022; 52:1939-1960. [PMID: 35608815 PMCID: PMC9325860 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Older adults experience considerable muscle and bone loss that are closely interconnected. The efficacy of progressive resistance training programs to concurrently reverse/slow the age-related decline in muscle strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults remains unclear. Objectives We aimed to quantify concomitant changes in lower-body muscle strength and BMD in older adults following a progressive resistance training program and to determine how these changes are influenced by mode (resistance only vs. combined resistance and weight-bearing exercises), frequency, volume, load, and program length. Methods MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases were searched for articles published in English before 1 June, 2021. Randomized controlled trials reporting changes in leg press or knee extension one repetition maximum and femur/hip or lumbar spine BMD following progressive resistance training in men and/or women ≥ 65 years of age were included. A random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression determined the effects of resistance training and the individual training characteristics on the percent change (∆%) in muscle strength (standardized mean difference) and BMD (mean difference). The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (version 2.0) and Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Results Seven hundred and eighty studies were identified and 14 were included. Progressive resistance training increased muscle strength (∆ standardized mean difference = 1.1%; 95% confidence interval 0.73, 1.47; p ≤ 0.001) and femur/hip BMD (∆ mean difference = 2.77%; 95% confidence interval 0.44, 5.10; p = 0.02), but not BMD of the lumbar spine (∆ mean difference = 1.60%; 95% confidence interval − 1.44, 4.63; p = 0.30). The certainty for improvement was greater for muscle strength compared with BMD, evidenced by less heterogeneity (I2 = 78.1% vs 98.6%) and a higher overall quality of evidence. No training characteristic significantly affected both outcomes (p > 0.05), although concomitant increases in strength and BMD were favored by higher training frequencies, increases in strength were favored by resistance only and higher volumes, and increases in BMD were favored by combined resistance plus weight-bearing exercises, lower volumes, and higher loads. Conclusions Progressive resistance training programs concomitantly increase lower-limb muscle strength and femur/hip bone mineral density in older adults, with greater certainty for strength improvement. Thus, to maximize the efficacy of progressive resistance training programs to concurrently prevent muscle and bone loss in older adults, it is recommended to incorporate training characteristics more likely to improve BMD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J O'Bryan
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.
| | - Catherine Giuliano
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia
| | - Mary N Woessner
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cassandra Smith
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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23
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Jamka M, Piotrowska-Brudnicka SE, Karolkiewicz J, Skrypnik D, Bogdański P, Cielecka-Piontek J, Sultanova G, Walkowiak J, Mądry E. The Effect of Endurance and Endurance-Strength Training on Bone Health and Body Composition in Centrally Obese Women-A Randomised Pilot Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:821. [PMID: 35627958 PMCID: PMC9140472 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no consensus exercise programme to reduce body weight and improve body composition simultaneously preventing bone loss or stimulating osteogenesis. This pilot study compared the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and bone metabolism in centrally obese women. Recruited subjects were randomly assigned to three-month endurance (n = 22) or endurance-strength training (n = 22). Body composition, bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) were assessed before and after the intervention and markers of bone formation and resorption were measured. Both training significantly decreased fat mass; however, endurance-strength training had a more favourable effect on lean mass for the gynoid area (p = 0.0211) and legs (p = 0.0381). Endurance training significantly decreased total body BMC and BMD (p = 0.0440 and p = 0.0300), whereas endurance-strength training only reduced BMD (p = 0.0063). Changes in densitometric parameters did not differ between the groups but endurance training increased osteocalcin levels (p = 0.04845), while endurance-strength training increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b concentrations (p = 0.00145). In conclusion, both training programmes were effective in the reduction of fat mass simultaneously negatively affecting bone health. However, endurance-strength training seemed to be more effective in increasing lean mass. The study protocol was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database under the number NCT03444207, date of registration: 23 February 2018 (retrospective registration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Jamka
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (M.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Sylwia E. Piotrowska-Brudnicka
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego Str. 6, 61-781 Poznań, Poland;
- Department of Clinical Biomechanics and Physiotherapy in Motor System Disorders, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, Grunwaldzka Str. 2, 50-355 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Karolkiewicz
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi Str. 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego Str. 82, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (D.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego Str. 82, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (D.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Gulnara Sultanova
- West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Maresyev Str. 68, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan;
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (M.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Edyta Mądry
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego Str. 6, 61-781 Poznań, Poland;
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Long noncoding RNA Lnc-DIF inhibits bone formation by sequestering miR-489-3p. iScience 2022; 25:103949. [PMID: 35265818 PMCID: PMC8898894 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis has become a high incident bone disease along with the aging of human population. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) play an important role in osteoporosis incidence. In this study, we screened out an LncRNA negatively correlated with osteoblast differentiation, which was therefore named Lnc-DIF (differentiation inhibiting factor). Functional analysis proved that Lnc-DIF inhibited bone formation. A special structure containing multiple 53 nucleotide repeats was found in the trailing end of Lnc-DIF. Our study suggested that this repeat sequence could sequester multiple miR-489-3p and inhibit bone formation through miR-489-3p/SMAD2 axis. Moreover, siRNA of Lnc-DIF would rescue bone formation in both aging and ovariectomized osteoporosis mice. This study revealed a kind of LncRNA that could function as a sponge and regulate multiple miRNAs. RNA therapy techniques that target these LncRNAs could manipulate its downstream miRNA-target pathway with significantly higher efficiency and specificity. This provided potential therapeutic insight for RNA-based therapy for osteoporosis. Identified LncRNA Lnc-DIF that inhibited bone formation Lnc-DIF sequestered multiple miR-489-3p by the repeat sequences on its trailing end Lnc-DIF repeat sequence inhibited bone formation via miR-489-3p/SMAD2 axis Lnc-DIF siRNA showed strong capability on rescuing osteoporosis
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25
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Vasiliadis ES, Evangelopoulos DS, Kaspiris A, Benetos IS, Vlachos C, Pneumaticos SG. The Role of Sclerostin in Bone Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030806. [PMID: 35160258 PMCID: PMC8836457 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin has been identified as an important regulator of bone homeostasis through inhibition of the canonical Wnt-signaling pathway, and it is involved in the pathogenesis of many different skeletal diseases. Many studies have been published in the last few years regarding sclerostin’s origin, regulation, and mechanism of action. The ongoing research emphasizes the potential therapeutic implications of sclerostin in many pathological conditions with or without skeletal involvement. Antisclerostin antibodies have recently been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis, and several animal studies and clinical trials are currently under way to evaluate the effectiveness of antisclerostin antibodies in the treatment of other than osteoporosis skeletal disorders and cancer with promising results. Understanding the exact role of sclerostin may lead to new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias S. Vasiliadis
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-3208-6000
| | - Dimitrios-Stergios Evangelopoulos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Angelos Kaspiris
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division for Orthopaedic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece;
| | - Ioannis S. Benetos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Christos Vlachos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Spyros G. Pneumaticos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
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26
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Cabral MD, Patel DR, Greydanus DE, Deleon J, Hudson E, Darweesh S. Medical perspectives on pediatric sports medicine–Selective topics. Dis Mon 2022; 68:101327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Diaz-Lopez KDJ, Caire-Juvera G. Interventions to Improve Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Mass and Fat Mass among Breast Cancer Survivors. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2022; 41:94-106. [PMID: 33570477 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1833791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Survivors of breast cancer (BC) are at increased risk of chronic diseases due to factors such as low bone mineral density (BMD) and loss of muscle mass (MM) coupled with increased fat mass (FM). It is important to know that healthy behaviors can mitigate the risk of these complications. A narrative review was performed using PubMed and ScienceDirect to identify diet and physical activity (PA) interventions aimed at improving BMD, MM, and/or FM in female BC survivors. Data from 2000 to 2018 were used and 17 diet and/or PA interventions were identified. The duration of interventions was from 3 weeks until 24 months, the smallest sample was 26 women, and the largest was 223. The ranging age of participants was from 46 to 64 years. Studies with a longer duration, in-person modality and/or that used behavioral models showed better results. In BMD, the best results in spine were observed at 24 months in a face-to-face intervention (increase of 3.08%). Regarding MM, the greatest increase was at 26 weeks under Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in person (43.8 ± 8.7 to 44.7 ± 8.4 kg, p = 0.04). This approach also showed the greatest decrease in FM from 36.7 to 31.2 kg in 4 months (p ≤ 0.01). Improving BMD and MM and preventing the increase of FM is a challenge for public health. More studies are needed to improve BMD among BC survivors and consider strategies that have yielded better results to promote healthy changes.Key teaching pointsBreast cancer survivors are at increased risk for low bone mineral density, loss of muscle mass, and increased fat mass due to the treatments received; the adoption of a healthy diet and physical activity can mitigate these complications.Of the 17 studies included, 8 used the face-to-face modality, 7 combined face-to-face with phone calls and two studies used only phone calls and email; studies that used the face-to-face modality showed better results.For bone mineral density, the best results were observed in spine at 24 months (increase of 3.08%) in a face-to-face intervention.The greatest increase in muscle mass (43.8 to 44.7 kg) was at 26 weeks in a physical activity intervention; the larger amount of fat mass loss was 5.5 kg in a diet and physical activity intervention. Both results were obtained using the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in person.Lifestyle interventions to maintain or improve bone mineral density, muscle mass and fat mass are effective at least for one of these three variables.
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28
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Shetty N, Gupta I, Ahmed J, Mala K, Natarajan S, Shetty N. Proximity of the mandibular anterior root apices to the buccal bone surface: A cone-beam computed tomographic study. ENDODONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_183_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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29
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CHEN H, ZHU Y, SUN L, ZHANG X, LI L, HU C, ZHOU M, ZHAO X, ZHOU S, SHI X, YAO J, CHEN Q. Tianchang Capsule prevents ovariectomy induced osteoporosis in rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.45921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen CHEN
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yuxi ZHU
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lisha SUN
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoran ZHANG
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Liuying LI
- The First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, China
| | - Chenling HU
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Man ZHOU
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xingwang ZHAO
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shan ZHOU
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoyan SHI
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jia YAO
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qiu CHEN
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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30
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Brent MB. A review of the skeletal effects of exposure to high altitude and potential mechanisms for hypobaric hypoxia-induced bone loss. Bone 2022; 154:116258. [PMID: 34781048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mountaineering and exposure to high altitude result in physiological adaptations to the reduced inspiratory oxygen availability. Acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) are well-described harmful effects of exposure to high altitude. Common to AMS, HAPE, and HACE are distinct clinical signs and symptoms of impaired function. However, several studies have suggested that high altitude might result in a substantial bone loss, which usually does not produce any apparent symptoms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of, and map current knowledge of the skeletal effects of hypobaric hypoxia and high altitude. PubMed and Embase were searched from inception to September 6, 2021, to identify studies investigating the skeletal effects of exposure to hypobaric hypoxia and high altitude. Three hundred sixty titles and abstracts were screened, and 20 full-text articles were included (16 in vivo studies and four real-world human studies). In rodents, simulated high altitude up to 2900 m did not result in any adverse skeletal effects. In contrast, studies exposing animals to very high altitude (3500-5500 m) reported substantial reductions in BMD, cortical morphology, and bone strength, as well as deteriorated trabecular microstructure. Detrimental microstructural effects were also reported in rats exposed to simulated extreme altitude (6000 m). Finally, real-world human studies in mountaineers suggested high altitude exposure reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and that the harmful skeletal effects of hypobaric hypoxia were not entirely recovered after 12 months. In conclusion, in vivo and real-world studies demonstrated high altitude exposure results in adverse skeletal effects. The underlying mechanism for hypobaric hypoxia-induced bone loss is not elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Bo Brent
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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31
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Differences in femur geometry and bone markers in atypical femur fractures and the general population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24149. [PMID: 34921200 PMCID: PMC8683396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify differences in femur geometry between patients with subtrochanteric/shaft atypical femur fractures (AFFs) and the general population, and to evaluate the biomechanical factors related to femoral bowing in AFFs. We retrospectively reviewed 46 patients. Data on age, and history and duration of bisphosphonate use were evaluated. Femur computed tomography images were reconstructed into a 3D model, which was analyzed with a geometry analysis program to obtain the femur length, femur width and length, and femoral bowing. Patients were divided into two groups according to fracture location: the subtrochanteric and shaft AFF groups. We compared all parameters between groups, and also between each group and a general population of 300 women ≥ 60 years. Thirty-five patients had a history of bisphosphonate use (average duration, 6.1 years; range, 0.8–20 years). There was no statistical difference in bone turnover markers between the two groups. The shaft AFF group had a lower radius of curvature (ROC) (P = 0.001), lower bone mineral density (BMD, T score) (P = 0.020), and lower calcium (P = 0.016). However, other parameters and rate of bisphosphonate use were not significantly different. There were no significant differences in the parameters of the subtrochanter AFF group and the general population, but the shaft AFF group demonstrated a wider femur width (P < 0.001), longer anteroposterior length (P = 0.001), and lower ROC (P < 0.001) than the general population. Femoral bowing and width increased in shaft AFFs, but similar to subtrochanter AFFs compared to the general population. Our results highlight the biomechanical factors of femur geometry in AFFs.
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32
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Xu L, Ma F, Leung FKL, Qin C, Lu WW, Tang B. Chitosan-strontium chondroitin sulfate scaffolds for reconstruction of bone defects in aged rats. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118532. [PMID: 34560945 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma have become increasingly common in aged populations. Clinically, because of the relatively decreased bone healing capacity compared with the youth adults, bone defect repair in the elderly remains challenging. The development of effective biomaterials targeted at bone defects in the elderly is a key component of bone-tissue engineering strategies. However, little attention has been paid to bone regeneration in the elderly. Here, we developed a new scaffold chitosan-Strontium chondroitin sulfate (CH-SrCS) and evaluated its effect on improving bone regeneration. We find that the CH-SrCS scaffold displayed positive effects on downregulation of inflammation and osteoclastogenesis related mRNA expressions while demonstrating a significant increase in the expression level of BMP2. Finally, we show that the bone defects healing effects as assessed using an aged rats' bone defects model. Ultimately, this work also provides insights into the design of effective biomaterials targeted at bone defects in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China; Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Fenbo Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Frankie K L Leung
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China
| | - Chenghe Qin
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China.
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, PR China.
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Sabry M, Mostafa S, Kamar S, Rashed L, Estaphan S. The cross-talk between matrix metalloproteinase-9, RANKL/OPG system and cardiovascular risk factors in ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258254. [PMID: 34610044 PMCID: PMC8491879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and osteoporosis are strikingly overlapping. This study presents matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), as a simple molecular link more consistently associated with the pathophysiology of both osteoporosis and CVD risk factors. 40 adult female rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups [control sham-operated, untreated osteoporosis, carvedilol-treated osteoporosis and alendronate-treated osteoporosis]. After 8 weeks, blood samples were collected to estimate Lipid profile (Total cholesterol, HDL, Triglycerides), inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF alpha, CRP and NO), and Bone turnover markers (BTM) (Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and pyridinoline). The tibias were dissected to estimate MMP-9 and NF-kB gene expression, OPG, RANKL levels and for histological examination. Induction of osteoporosis resulted in a significant elevation in BTM, inflammatory markers and dyslipidemia. MMP-9 was significantly elevated and positively correlated with BTM, inflammation and dyslipidemia markers. Carvedilol and alendronate exerted a bone preservative role and attenuated dyslipidaemia and inflammation in accordance with their respective effect on MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sabry
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Seham Mostafa
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samaa Kamar
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Histology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Suzanne Estaphan
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail: ,
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34
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Jung IJ, Choi EJ, Lee BG, Kim JW. Population-based, three-dimensional analysis of age- and sex-related femur shaft geometry differences. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1631-1638. [PMID: 33501569 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study deals with differences of femoral geometric focus on the bowing and width. Analysis using three-dimensional skeletonization showed increase of femoral bowing and femur width over life (more in women), and widening of the medullary canal only in women after 50 years old, not in men. INTRODUCTION The changes in femur geometry that occur with aging and lead to fragility or insufficiency fracture remain unclear. The role of the lower limb geometry, including the femur and femoral bowing, has become a point of discussion, especially in atypical femur fracture. This study aimed to analyze femur shaft geometry using three-dimensional skeletonization. METHODS We acquired computed tomography images of both femurs obtained. A total of 1400 age- and sex-stratified participants were enrolled and were divided into subgroups according to age (by decade) and sex. The computed tomography images were used to produce 3-dimensional samplings of anatomical elements of the human femur using reconstruction and parametrization from these datasets. The process of skeletonization was conducted to obtain compact representation of the femur. With the skeletonization, we were able to compare all parameters according to age and sex. RESULTS The femur length was 424.4 ± 28.6 mm and was longer in men (P < 0.001). The minimum diameter of the medullary canal was 8.9 ± 2.0 mm. The radius of curvature (ROC) was 906.9 ± 193.3 mm. Men had a larger femur length, femur outer diameter, and the narrowest medullary diameter (P < 0.001, respectively). Women had significantly smaller ROC (P < 0.001). ROC decreased by 19.4% in men and 23.6% in women between the ages of 20 to 89 years. Femur width increased over life by 11.4% in men and 24.5% in women. Between the ages of 50 and 89 years, the medullary canal appears to have increased by 32.7% in women. CONCLUSION This geometry analysis demonstrated that femoral bowing and femoral width increased related to aging, and that the medullary canal widened after the age of 50 years in women. This cross-sectional study revealed important age- and sex-related differences in femur shaft geometry that occur with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Jung
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Choi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B G Lee
- Division of Computer Engineering, Dongseo University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of developing osteopathogenesis and skeletal fragility. The role of the gut microbiota in both DM and osteopathy is not fully explored and may be involved in the pathology of both diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Gut microbiota alterations have been observed in DM and osteopathogenic disorders as compared with healthy controls, such as significantly lower abundance of Prevotella and higher abundance of Lactobacillus, with a diminished bacterial diversity. Other overlapping gastro-intestinal features include the loss of intestinal barrier function with translocation of bacterial metabolites to the blood stream, induction of immunological deficits and changes in hormonal and endocrinal signalling, which may lead to the development of diabetic osteopathy. Signalling pathways involved in both DM and osteopathy are affected by gut bacteria and their metabolites. Future studies should focus on gut microbiota involvement in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kristine Knudsen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Peter Leutscher
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Suzette Sørensen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark
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Karakan T, Tuohy KM, Janssen-van Solingen G. Low-Dose Lactulose as a Prebiotic for Improved Gut Health and Enhanced Mineral Absorption. Front Nutr 2021; 8:672925. [PMID: 34386514 PMCID: PMC8353095 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.672925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although medium and high doses of lactulose are used routinely for the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, respectively, a wealth of evidence demonstrates that, at low doses, lactulose can also be used as a prebiotic to stimulate the growth of health-promoting bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Indeed, multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown that low doses of lactulose enhance the proliferation of health-promoting gut bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp.) and increase the production of beneficial metabolites [e.g., short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)], while inhibiting the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g., certain clostridia). SCFAs produced upon microbial fermentation of lactulose, the most abundant of which is acetate, are likely to contribute to immune regulation, which is important not only within the gut itself, but also systemically and for bone health. Low-dose lactulose has also been shown to enhance the absorption of minerals such as calcium and magnesium from the gut, an effect which may have important implications for bone health. This review provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical evidence published to date showing that low-dose lactulose stimulates the growth of health-promoting gut bacteria, inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria, increases the production of beneficial metabolites, improves mineral absorption, and has good overall tolerability. Implications of these data for the use of lactulose as a prebiotic are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarkan Karakan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kieran Michael Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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Bi J, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhou Q. Study on the Bone Metabolism Indices and Otoconin-90 in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:e744-e749. [PMID: 33606471 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and abnormal bone metabolism and to evaluate the value of otoconial protein otoconin-90 in the pathogenesis research and clinical treatment of BPPV. STUDY DESIGN Prospective pilot clinical trial (Level of Evidence: 2b). SETTING Outpatient otolaryngologic department. PATIENTS Twenty seven patients with a diagnosis of BPPV referred to the otolaryngologic department and 25 controls with no history of dizziness from 2018.4 to 2018.9 were reviewed. INTERVENTIONS No. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning (DEXA), bone mineral density (BMD) measurement, and assessment of serum levels of otoconin-90 and bone metabolism indices (osteocalcin, OC; 25-OH Vitamin D; total procollagen type 1 N-peptide, TP1NP; β-C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen, β-CTX). RESULTS 1) The average serum level of otoconin-90 in the BPPV group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05), whereas both the BMD T scores and serum 25-OH Vitamin D levels of the BPPV group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). 2) There was a strong positive correlation between serum otoconin-90 and age (r = 0.44, p < 0.05) and a moderate negative correlation between otoconin-90 and the bone metabolism indices OC (r = -0.33, p > 0.05), 25-OH Vitamin D (r = -0.35, p > 0.05), and TP1NP (r = -0.30, p > 0.05). 3) Logistic regression analysis showed that serum otoconin-90 level was an independent risk factor for BPPV (odd ratio = 0.998, 95% confidence interval 0.997-0.999, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION A correlation between BPPV and abnormal bone metabolism was found. Moreover, otoconin-90 could serve as a research tool for BPPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Bi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Yin C, Tian Y, Hu L, Yu Y, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Miao Z, Qian A. MACF1 alleviates aging-related osteoporosis via HES1. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6242-6257. [PMID: 34133068 PMCID: PMC8366449 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing-related osteoporosis is becoming an emerging threat to human health along with the ageing of human population. The decreased rate of osteogenic differentiation and bone formation is the major cause of ageing-related osteoporosis. Microtubule actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1) is an important cytoskeletal factor that promotes osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. However, the relationship between MACF1 expression and ageing-related osteoporosis remains unclear. This study has investigated the expression pattern of MACF1 in bone tissues of ageing-related osteoporosis patients and ageing mice. The study has further elucidated the mechanism of MACF1 promoting bone formation by inhibiting HES1 expression and activity. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of MACF1 on ageing-related osteoporosis and post-menopausal osteoporosis was evaluated through in situ injection of the MACF1 overexpression plasmid. The study supplemented the molecular mechanisms between ageing and bone formation, and provided novel targets and potential therapeutic strategy for ageing-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yin
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
- Lab of Epigenetics and RNA TherapyDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Academician (Expert) WorkstationAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
- Translational Medicine Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lifang Hu
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics)School of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Zixiang Wu
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yan Zhang
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xue Wang
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhiping Miao
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone MetabolismXi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Lab for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU‐UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
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Wu D, Cline-Smith A, Shashkova E, Perla A, Katyal A, Aurora R. T-Cell Mediated Inflammation in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687551. [PMID: 34276675 PMCID: PMC8278518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease that affects half the women in the sixth and seventh decade of life. Osteoporosis is characterized by uncoupled bone resorption that leads to low bone mass, compromised microarchitecture and structural deterioration that increases the likelihood of fracture with minimal trauma, known as fragility fractures. Several factors contribute to osteoporosis in men and women. In women, menopause - the cessation of ovarian function, is one of the leading causes of primary osteoporosis. Over the past three decades there has been growing appreciation that the adaptive immune system plays a fundamental role in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, both in humans and in mouse models. In this review, we highlight recent data on the interactions between T cells and the skeletal system in the context of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Finally, we review recent studies on the interventions to ameliorate osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rajeev Aurora
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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40
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miR-9-5p promotes wear-particle-induced osteoclastogenesis through activation of the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:258. [PMID: 33987074 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential function of miR-9-5p in wear-particle-induced osteoclastogenesis, we examined the expression of SIRT1 and miR-9-5p in particle-induced osteolysis (PIO) mice calvariae and polyethylene (PE)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and found that SIRT1 expression was downregulated while miR-9-5p expression was upregulated in both models. We then verified that miR-9-5p targets SIRT1. miR-9-5p was found to promote PE-induced osteoclast formation from RAW 264.7 cells by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and detection of osteoclast markers, and miR-9-5p activation of the SIRT1/NF-kB signaling pathway was found in cells by detecting the expression of SIRT1/NF-kB pathway-related proteins and rescue assays. In conclusion, we found that miR-9-5p activated the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway to promote wear-particle-induced osteoclastogenesis. miR-9-5p may be a useful therapeutic target for PIO remission and treatment.
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Sato AY, Pellegrini GG, Cregor M, McAndrews K, Choi RB, Maiz M, Johnson O, McCabe LD, McCabe GP, Ferruzzi MG, Lila MA, Peacock M, Burr DB, Nakatsu CH, Weaver CM, Bellido T. Skeletal Protection and Promotion of Microbiome Diversity by Dietary Boosting of the Endogenous Antioxidant Response. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:768-778. [PMID: 33316081 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need for interventions with better compliance that prevent the adverse effects of sex steroid deficiency on the musculoskeletal system. We identified a blueberry cultivar (Montgomerym [Mont]) that added to the diet protects female mice from musculoskeletal loss and body weight changes induced by ovariectomy. Mont, but not other blueberries, increased the endogenous antioxidant response by bypassing the traditional antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 and without activating estrogen receptor canonical signaling. Remarkably, Mont did not protect the male skeleton from androgen-induced bone loss. Moreover, Mont increased the variety of bacterial communities in the gut microbiome (α-diversity) more in female than in male mice; shifted the phylogenetic relatedness of bacterial communities (β-diversity) further in females than males; and increased the prevalence of the taxon Ruminococcus1 in females but not males. Therefore, this nonpharmacologic intervention (i) protects from estrogen but not androgen deficiency; (ii) preserves bone, skeletal muscle, and body composition; (iii) elicits antioxidant defense responses independently of classical antioxidant/estrogenic signaling; and (iv) increases gut microbiome diversity toward a healthier signature. These findings highlight the impact of nutrition on musculoskeletal and gut microbiome homeostasis and support the precision medicine principle of tailoring dietary interventions to patient individualities, like sex. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Y Sato
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gretel G Pellegrini
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Meloney Cregor
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kevin McAndrews
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roy B Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maria Maiz
- Department of Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Olivia Johnson
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda D McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mary A Lila
- Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Munro Peacock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David B Burr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cindy H Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Teresita Bellido
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation Prevents Bone Loss during Pregnancy-Novel Evidence from a Spiny Mouse ( Acomys cahirinus) Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063047. [PMID: 33802646 PMCID: PMC8002460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation during pregnancy on postpartum bone tissue quality by assessing changes in trabecular and compact bone as well as in hyaline and epiphyseal cartilage. The experiment was carried out on adult 6-month-old female spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) divided into three groups: pregnant control (PregCont), pregnant HMB-treated (supplemented with 0.02 g/kg b.w of HMB during the second trimester of pregnancy, PregHMB), and non-pregnant females (NonPreg). Cross-sectional area and cortical index of the femoral mid-shaft, stiffness, and Young modulus were significantly greater in the PregHMB group. Whole-bone mineral density was similar in all groups, and HMB supplementation increased trabecular number. Growth plate cartilage was the thinnest, while the articular cartilage was the thickest in the PregHMB group. HMB supplementation increased the content of proteoglycans in the articular cartilage and the percentage of immature collagen content in metaphyseal trabeculae and compact bone. In summary, dietary HMB supplementation during the second trimester of pregnancy intensifies bone metabolic processes and prevents bone loss during pregnancy.
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Lytkina DN, Fedorishin DA, Kalachikova PM, Plyaskina AA, Babeshin AR, Kurzina IA. Cryo-Structured Materials Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol and Hydroxyapatite for Osteogenesis. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12010018. [PMID: 33807513 PMCID: PMC8006254 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of various materials in biomedical procedures has recently experienced rapid growth. One of the areas is the treatment of many of different types of bone-related diseases and disorders by using biodegradable polymer-ceramic composites. We have developed a material based on cryogel polyvinyl alcohol, mineralized with calcium phosphate. Composites were obtained by cyclic freezing-thawing, the synthesis of calcium phosphates was carried out in situ under the influence of microwave radiation with heating and stirring. The components of the composites were determined using the methods of IR-spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalyzer, as well as their morphology and surface properties. The biological compatibility of the material was investigated in vivo for a Wistar rat. The assessment of the quality of bone formation between the cryogel-based implant and the damaged bone was carried out by computed tomography. An improvement in the consolidation of the bone defect is observed in the bone with the composite in comparison with the control bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria N. Lytkina
- Chemical Department, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.N.L.); (D.A.F.); (P.M.K.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Dmitriy A. Fedorishin
- Chemical Department, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.N.L.); (D.A.F.); (P.M.K.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Polina M. Kalachikova
- Chemical Department, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.N.L.); (D.A.F.); (P.M.K.); (A.A.P.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A. Plyaskina
- Chemical Department, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.N.L.); (D.A.F.); (P.M.K.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Aleksandr R. Babeshin
- Department of Surgical Diseases with a Course in Traumatology and Orthopedics, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky trakt 2, 634055 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Irina A. Kurzina
- Chemical Department, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.N.L.); (D.A.F.); (P.M.K.); (A.A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-913-882-1028
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Assessing underlying bone quality in spine surgery patients: a narrative review of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and alternatives. Spine J 2021; 21:321-331. [PMID: 32890786 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Poor bone quality and low bone mineral density (BMD) have been previously tied to higher rates of postoperative mechanical complications in patients undergoing spinal fusion. These include higher rates of proximal junctional kyphosis, screw pullout, pseudoarthrosis, and interbody subsidence. For these reasons, accurate preoperative assessment of a patient's underlying bone quality is paramount for all elective procedures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is currently considered to be the gold standard for assessing BMD. However, a growing body of research has suggested that in vivo assessments of BMD using DXA are inaccurate and have, at best, moderate correlations to postoperative mechanical complications. Consequently, there have been investigations into using alternative methods for assessing in vivo bone quality, including using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes that are commonly obtained as part of surgical evaluation. Here we review the data regarding the accuracy of DXA for the evaluation of spine bone quality and describe the alternative imaging modalities currently under investigation.
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Kim SE, Lim HH, Lee DY, Choi D. The Long-Term Effect of Dienogest on Bone Mineral Density After Surgical Treatment of Endometrioma. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1556-1562. [PMID: 33449347 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changing pattern of bone mineral density (BMD) levels after 3 years of dienogest use post endometrioma surgery and investigate the possible predictive factors for BMD reduction. This retrospective study included 44 reproductive-aged women who took dienogest (2 mg/day) and followed up BMD for 3 years after laparoscopic endometrioma surgery from July 2013 to December 2018. In addition, to investigate the predictive factors in the group with decreased BMD, analysis was added for patients with decreased BMD after taking dienogest for 1 year post laparoscopic endometrioma surgery. After 3 years of treatment with dienogest, BMD of both the lumbar spine (- 4.4%) and femur neck (- 3.6%) decreased significantly compared to the baseline levels. Bone loss predominantly occurred during the first year of treatment in the lumbar spine (- 2.4%) and gradually decreased with time during the treatment period. The predictive factors for BMD reduction after dienogest use were evaluated based on a 1-year change in BMD levels of 160 women, but no associated factors were found. This study demonstrated that dienogest use for 3 years was associated with a significant and gradual decrease in BMD and no predictive factors for BMD reduction during the first year of treatment with dienogest were found. These results may be useful in counseling patients regarding long-term effects of dienogest use on reducing BMD levels so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hye Lim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Dong-Yun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - DooSeok Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
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Lai F, Pei L, Chen X, Li J. Osteoporosis-Related Randomized Clinical Trials With Middle-Aged and Older Adults Registered on the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:702261. [PMID: 34531824 PMCID: PMC8438405 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.702261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of the current features of osteoporosis-related randomized clinical trials (RCTs) is important for improving clinical trial designs and promoting the translatability of results into benefits for patients. However, there is a lack of thorough evaluation of osteoporosis-related RCTs in middle-aged and older populations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of registered RCTs on osteoporosis among middle-aged and older adults on the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). METHODS Osteoporosis-related RCTs registered on the ICTRP were searched on December 31, 2020. The main features of eligible RCTs were assessed. We searched PubMed, Google scholar, Medline, and Embase databases for the publication status of completed RCTs. RESULTS A total of 537 osteoporosis-related RCTs were identified for analysis. The number of registered RCTs increased rapidly in 2005 (N = 47). Of these, 346 (64.4%) RCTs involved only women and 275 (51.2%) were retrospectively registered. Most RCTs were of open-label design (61.3%). The most common primary purpose of osteoporosis-related RCTs was treatment (72.3%). Intervention investigated was mainly focused on medication (62.8%), followed by lifestyle or education (19.0%), and dietary supplement (10.4%). After trial completion, the results of only 140 (35.5%) RCTs were available on the ICTRP, and the publication rate after trial completion was 30.5%. CONCLUSIONS RCTs on osteoporosis among middle-aged and older adults were dominated by retrospectively registered and open-label trials. Most trials lacked available results and associated publications. More awareness of prospective registration and blinding design in osteoporosis-related RCTs is needed. Further, publication and dissemination of RCTs results should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Pei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Li,
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Plain vitamin D or active vitamin D in the treatment of osteoporosis: where do we stand today? Arch Osteoporos 2020; 15:182. [PMID: 33188611 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-00842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and its prevention in order to avert fractures was considered of great importance in maintaining well-being and independence among the elderly. Strategies for osteoporosis prevention are well delineated, but research shows that the treatment options offered today could still be improved. The role of plain vitamin D (cholecalciferol) in bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis are well documented; however, as a treatment for osteoporosis, either with or without calcium, it has been shown to be ineffective. This is due in part to the strong negative feedback mechanisms in place in vitamin D-replete patients. However, other factors linked directly to ageing such as oestrogen depletion, reduced kidney or liver function may also be involved in reducing the body's capability to activate plain vitamin efficiently. This is why active vitamin D analogues such as alfacalcidol, 1-α-(OH)D3, are of clinical interest. Alfacalcidol requires only one hydroxylation reaction to become active 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3, and the 25-hydroxylase catalyzing this reaction is found in the liver and also interestingly in osteoblasts suggesting a local effect. Registered for use in postmenopausal osteoporosis, in most countries worldwide, alfacalcidol has also shown efficacy in glucocorticoid-induced and male osteoporosis. The present review provides compelling evidence for the efficacy of this compound in the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of fractures both in monotherapy and when combined with other osteoporotic drugs where additive effects are clear. The safety profile of alfacalcidol is shown to be highly acceptable and it is considered less likely to induce hypercalcaemia than another more widely used analogue, calcitriol. Therefore, it remains unclear as to why alfacalcidol is not more widely used in clinical practice.
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Zheng J, Guo H, Qin Y, Liu Z, Ding Z, Zhang L, Wang W. SNHG5/miR-582-5p/RUNX3 feedback loop regulates osteogenic differentiation and apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020. [PMID: 33111341 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most prevailing orthopedic diseases that causes a heavy burden on public health. Given that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are of immense importance in osteoporosis development, it is necessary to expound the mechanisms underlying BMSC osteoblastic differentiation. Although mounting research works have investigated the role of small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) in various diseases, elucidations on its function in osteoporosis are still scarce. It was observed that SNHG5 and RUNX family transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) were remarkably elevated during osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Further, we disclosed that the silencing of SNHG5 suppressed osteogenic differentiation and induced apoptosis of hBMSCs. What's more, SNHG5 acted as a competing endogenous RNA to affect RUNX3 expression via competitively binding with microRNA (miR)-582-5p. RUNX3 was also confirmed to simulate the transcriptional activation of SNHG5. Finally, our findings manifested that the positive feedback loop of SNHG5/miR-582-5p/RUNX3 executed the promoting role in the development of osteoporosis, which shed light on specific molecular mechanism governing SNHG5 in osteogenic differentiation and apoptosis of hBMSCs and indicated that SNHG5 may represent a novel target for the improvement of osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Department of Repair Section, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijiang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanqing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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H. Pylori is related to osteoporosis but only in premenopausal female: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:559. [PMID: 32811503 PMCID: PMC7433125 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the extra-gastrointestinal effects of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), including metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and rheumatic and skin diseases. Osteoporosis is an asymptomatic disease that can eventually lead to fractures and has a significant impact on the quality of life of elderly individuals. Sex is an influential factor that plays a crucial role in the development of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and osteoporosis and to identify potential influencing factors. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of individuals older than 50 years old, who had undergone regular physical examinations at the Beijing Shijitan Hospital Health Examination Center from July to October 2018. We evaluated the associations of osteopenia and osteoporosis with H. pylori infection and related serum markers by using multiple linear regression and logistic regression. Then, we analysed the correlation between sex and potential serum biomarkers. Results There were significant relationships between H. pylori infection status and bone density in premenopausal females but not in males (P = 0.381) according to Fisher’s exact test. In females, H. pylori positivity (OR = 0.132, P = 0.023), Body Mass Index (BMI) (OR = 28.163, P = 0.021), and homocysteine (HCY) (OR = 17.218, P = 0.045) were associated with osteoporosis. Calcium had a trend but no statistically significant (OR = 0.060, P = 0.076) relationship with osteoporosis. Furthermore, the waist-to-hip ratio (OR = 5.783, P = 0.029), BMI (OR = 0.152, P = 0.014) and triglyceride levels (OR = 0.201, P = 0.036) were significantly different by sex, after adjusting for age as a confounder. Conclusion H. pylori positivity, BMI and HCY are associated with osteoporosis in premenopausal females. Chronic inflammation may be involved in the relationship between H. pylori and osteoporosis.
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Jeon SH, Lee KG, Kim MS. Association of bone mineral density with the development of knee osteoarthritis in men and women: a cross-sectional study using the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Arch Osteoporos 2020; 15:117. [PMID: 32720172 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-00793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoarthritis (OA) were correlated but the relationship was varied according to sex. An association between lumbar spine and femur neck BMDs and OA showed a positive relation in women, while lumbar spine and pelvis BMDs in men were associated with OA with a negative relation. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of BMD in various body parts in conjunction with the presence or severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in relation to sex. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional analysis using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. KOA was graded using the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. Radiographic KOA was defined as a KL grade 2 or higher. The associations between KOA and BMD in certain body parts (femur, pelvis, lumbar, lower leg, and whole-body) were assessed. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The BMD of each body part was divided into quartiles and the relationship between KOA and BMD was examined according to sex. RESULTS BMD did not show a significant tendency according to KL grade in either sex. In men, the severity of KL grade have a statistically significant relationship with total femur (R2 = 0.303, p < 0.05), femur neck (R2 = 0.257, p < 0.05), lumbar (R2 = 0.137, p < 0.05), and pelvis BMD (R2 = 0.185, p < 0.05). In women, total femur (R2 = 0.466, p < 0.05), lumbar (R2 = 0.316, p < 0.05), pelvis (R2 = 0.343, p < 0.05), and lower leg BMD (R2 = 0.133, p < 0.05) were associated with the severity of KL grade. When the BMD was divided into quartiles, lumbar (p < 0.05) and pelvis BMD (p < 0.05) in men had statistically significant association with knee OA as BMD decreased. In women, femur neck (p < 0.05) and lumbar BMD (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with knee OA as BMD increased. CONCLUSION The relationship between BMD and OA severity varied according to sex. In women, there was a positive association between femur neck and lumbar BMD and OA, while BMD of the lumbar and pelvis in men was negatively correlated with OA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Cohort study, III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Jeon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Geun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Man Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
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