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Dou D, He M, Liu J, Xiao S, Gao F, An W, Qi L. Occurrence, distribution characteristics and exposure assessment of perchlorate in the environment in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134805. [PMID: 38843632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Recognizing the extent of perchlorate pollution in the environment is critical to preventing and mitigating potential perchlorate harm to human health. The presence and distribution of perchlorate in Chinese environmental matrixes (water, atmosphere, and soil) were systematically investigated and comprehensively analyzed, and cumulative perchlorate exposure at the regional level was assessed using a combined aggregate exposure pathway method. The results showed that perchlorate is ubiquitous in the environment of China with significant regional differences. The total perchlorate exposure levels in each region of China ranked as South China > Southwest China > East China > North China > Northeast China > Northwest China. Although the average exposure dose of 0.588 (95 %CI: 0.142 -1.914) μg/kg bw/day being lower than the reference dose of 0.70 μg/kg bw/day, it was observed that the intake of perchlorate in some regions exceed this reference dose. Oral ingestion was the primary route of perchlorate exposure (89.97-96.57 % of the total intake), followed by dermal contact (3.21-9.16 %) and respiratory inhalation. Food and drinking water were the main sources of total perchlorate intake, contributing 52.54 % and 31.12 % respectively, with the latter contributing significantly more in southern China than in northern China. In addition, perchlorate exposure from dust sources was also noteworthy, as its contribution was as high as 23.18 % in some regions. These findings will improve understanding of the perchlorate risk and serve as a critical reference for policymakers in crafting improved environmental management and risk mitigation strategies in China and other nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diancheng Dou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Ming He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Fu Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Wei An
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Li Qi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
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Zhou J, Yang L, Li X, Dai B, He J, Wu C, Pang S, Xia S, Rittmann BE. Biogenic Palladium Improved Perchlorate Reduction during Nitrate Co-Reduction by Diverting Electron Flow in a Hydrogenotrophic Biofilm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10644-10651. [PMID: 38832916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Microbial reduction of perchlorate (ClO4-) is emerging as a cost-effective strategy for groundwater remediation. However, the effectiveness of perchlorate reduction can be suppressed by the common co-contamination of nitrate (NO3-). We propose a means to overcome the limitation of ClO4- reduction: depositing palladium nanoparticles (Pd0NPs) within the matrix of a hydrogenotrophic biofilm. Two H2-based membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs) were operated in parallel in long-term continuous and batch modes: one system had only a biofilm (bio-MBfR), while the other incorporated biogenic Pd0NPs in the biofilm matrix (bioPd-MBfR). For long-term co-reduction, bioPd-MBfR had a distinct advantage of oxyanion reduction fluxes, and it particularly alleviated the competitive advantage of NO3- reduction over ClO4- reduction. Batch tests also demonstrated that bioPd-MBfR gave more rapid reduction rates for ClO4- and ClO3- compared to those of bio-MBfR. Both biofilm communities were dominated by bacteria known to be perchlorate and nitrate reducers. Functional-gene abundances reflecting the intracellular electron flow from H2 to NADH to the reductases were supplanted by extracellular electron flow with the addition of Pd0NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ben Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junxia He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chengyang Wu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Si Pang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
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3
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Zhang X, Liu Y. Computational Insights into the Catalysis of the pH Dependence of Bromite Decomposition Catalyzed by Chlorite Dismutase from Dechloromonas aromatica ( DaCld). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6776-6786. [PMID: 38572830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The heme-containing chlorite dismutases catalyze the rapid and efficient decomposition of chlorite (ClO2-) to yield Cl- and O2, and the catalytic efficiency of chlorite dismutase from Dechloromonas aromatica (DaCld) in catalyzing the decomposition of bromite (BrO2-) was dependent on pH, which was supposed to be caused by the conversion of active Cpd I to the inactive Cpd II by proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from the pocket Tyr118 to the propionate side chain of heme at high pH. However, the direct evidence of PCET and how the pH affects the efficiency of DaCld, as well as whether Cpd II is really inactive, are still poorly understood. Here, on the basis of the high-resolution crystal structures, the computational models in both acidic (pH 5.0) and alkaline (pH 9.0) environments were constructed, and a series of quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations were performed. On the basis of our calculation results, the O-Br bond cleavage of BrO2- always follows the homolytic mode to generate Cpd II rather than Cpd I. It is different from the O-O cleavage of O2/H2O2 or peracetic acid catalyzed by the other heme-containing enzymes. Thus, in the subsequent O-O rebound reaction, it is the Fe(IV)═O in Cpd II that combines with the O-Br radical. Because the porphyrin ring in Cpd II does not bear an unpaired electron, the previously suggested PCET from Tyr118 to the propionate side chain of heme was not theoretically recognized in an alkaline environment. In addition, the O-O rebound step in an alkaline solution corresponds to an energy barrier that is larger than that in an acidic environment, which can well explain the pH dependence of the activity of DaCld. In addition, the protonation state of the propionic acid side chains of heme and the surrounding hydrogen bond networks were calculated to have a significant impact on the barriers of the O-O rebound step, which is mainly achieved by affecting the reactivity of the Fe(IV)═O group in Cpd II. In an acidic environment, the relatively weaker coordination of the O2 atom to Fe leads to its higher reactivity toward the O-O rebound reaction. These observations may provide useful information for understanding the catalysis of chlorite dismutases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Gu P, Li X, Wang G. Exploring cell aggregation as a defense strategy against perchlorate stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii through multi-omics analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167045. [PMID: 37709088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a type of novel, widely distributed, and persistent inorganic pollutant. However, the impacts of perchlorate on freshwater algae remain unclear. In this study, the response and defense mechanisms of microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) under perchlorate stress were investigated by integrating physiological and biochemical monitoring, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of transcriptome data was used to analyze the relationship between genes and phenotype and screen the key pathways. C. reinhardtii exhibited aggregate behavior when exposed to 100- and 200-mM perchlorate but was restored to its unicellular lifestyle when transferred to fresh medium. WGCNA results found that the "carbohydrate metabolism" and "lipid metabolism" pathways were closely related to cell aggregation phenotype. The differential expression genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) of these pathways were upregulated, indicating that the lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms were enhanced in aggregated cells. Additionally, most genes and metabolites related to phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were significantly upregulated, indicating their crucial roles in the signal transmission of aggregated cells. Meanwhile, in aggregated cells, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and lipid contents increased, photosynthesis activity decreased, and the antioxidant system was activated. These characteristics contributed to C. reinhardtii's improved resistance to perchlorate stress. Above results demonstrated that cell aggregation behavior was the principal defense strategy of C. reinhardtii against perchlorate. Overall, this study sheds new light on the impact mechanisms of perchlorate to aquatic microalgae and provides multi-omics insights into the research of multicellular-like aggregation as an adaptation strategy to abiotic stress. These results are beneficial for assessing the risk of perchlorate in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lasha 850000, China
| | - Zixu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peifan Gu
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Gaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Algae Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Li Y, Li S, Ren J, Li J, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wu Y. Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100606. [PMID: 37822319 PMCID: PMC10563047 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perchlorate is a kind of persistent pollutant which occurs widely in the environment. The news of "high content of perchlorate detected in tea exported from China to Europe" has aroused public concerns on perchlorate in tea. However, limited data on its occurrence in tea and health risks for the tea consumers are available. To this end, this study explored the occurrence and spatial distribution of perchlorate based on 747 tea samples collected from the 13 major tea producing regions in China. Perchlorate was detected in 100% of tea samples. The average concentration of perchlorate was 163 μg/kg with the range from 1.2 μg/kg to 3132 μg/kg. From the perspective of spatial distribution, a remarkable difference was observed for perchlorate concentrations in tea samples between different regions (p < 0.0001), and the average concentration of perchlorate from the central China (409 μg/kg) was higher than that from the eastern (90.7 μg/kg) and western (140 μg/kg) regions. However, this study cannot obtain the difference of perchlorate concentrations between different tea categories. Furthermore, a human exposure assessment of perchlorate intake through tea consumption was performed by deterministic and probabilistic risk assessment. The average chronic daily intake (CDI) to perchlorate of Chinese tea consumers was 0.0183 μg/kg bw/day, however, CDI for high tea consumers (99% and 99.9%) was 0.1514-0.4675 μg/kg bw/day. The health risk assessment conducted with a hazard quotient showed that perchlorate exposure through tea consumption was under a safety threshold. Nevertheless, if other dietary exposure pathways were considered, health risks to perchlorate for high tea consumers would be paid attention to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Sanitary Technology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Wuhai Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhai, 016000, China
| | - Jingguang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Department of Sanitary Technology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
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6
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Fang C, Naidu R. A review of perchlorate contamination: Analysis and remediation strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139562. [PMID: 37478993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate has been categorised as a potential contaminant and researched for years, but there are still many unknowns regarding this anion's contamination impacts. In this review, the basic information about perchlorate is summarised and evaluated, including the physical-chemical properties, fate and transportation, toxicity, analysis, and remediation. Especially, recent advances on analysis and remediation are emphasised and evaluated, such as in-situ imaging analysis and on-site bio-remediation respectively. The high solubility and persistence of the perchlorate anion mean its contamination is different from others, particularly in terms of analysis and remediation that might lead to secondary contamination. The knowledge gaps are listed for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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7
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Muñoz-Arango D, Torres-Rojas F, Tapia N, Vega M, Alvear C, Pizarro G, Pastén P, Cortés S, Vega AS, Calderón R, Nerenberg R, Vargas IT. Perchlorate and chlorate assessment in drinking water in northern Chilean cities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116450. [PMID: 37343761 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate and chlorate are endocrine disruptors considered emerging contaminants (ECs). Both oxyanions are commonly associated with anthropogenic contamination from fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, and disinfection byproducts. However, the soils of the Atacama Desert are the most extensive natural reservoirs of perchlorate in the world, compromising drinking water sources in northern Chile. Field campaigns were carried (2014-2018) to assess the presence of these ECs in the water supply networks of twelve Chilean cities. Additionally, the occurrence of perchlorate, chlorate and other anions typically observed in drinking water matrices of the Atacama Desert (i.e., nitrate, chloride, sulfate) was evaluated using a Spearman correlation analysis to determine predictors for perchlorate and chlorate. High concentrations of perchlorate (up to 114.48 μg L-1) and chlorate (up to 9650 μg L-1) were found in three northern cities. Spatial heterogeneities were observed in the physicochemical properties and anion concentrations of the water supply network. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that nitrate, chloride, and sulfate were not useful predictors for the presence of perchlorate and chlorate in drinking water in Chile. Hence, this study highlights the need to establish systematic monitoring, regulation, and treatment for these EC of drinking water sources in northern Chilean cities for public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Muñoz-Arango
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Torres-Rojas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Tapia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Vega
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Alvear
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Pizarro
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Pastén
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Cortés
- Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS). Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Lira 40, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra S Vega
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Calderón
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Segundo Piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robert Nerenberg
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Science. University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Ignacio T Vargas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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Torres-Rojas F, Muñoz D, Pía Canales C, Hevia SA, Leyton F, Veloso N, Isaacs M, Vargas IT. Synergistic effect of electrotrophic perchlorate reducing microorganisms and chemically modified electrodes for enhancing bioelectrochemical perchlorate removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116442. [PMID: 37343755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate has been described as an emerging pollutant that compromises water sources and human health. In this study, a new electrotrophic perchlorate reducing microorganism (EPRM) isolated from the Atacama Desert, Dechloromonas sp. CS-1, was evaluated for perchlorate removal in water in a bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) with a chemically modified electrode. BERs were operated for 17 days under batch mode conditions with an applied potential of -500 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. Surface analysis (i.e., SEM, XPS, FT-IR, RAMAN spectroscopy) on the modified electrode demonstrated heterogeneous transformation of the carbon fibers with the incorporation of nitrogen functional groups and the oxidation of the carbonaceous material. The BERs with the modified electrode and the presence of the EAM reached high cathodic efficiency (90.79 ± 9.157%) and removal rate (0.34 ± 0.007 mol m-3-day) compared with both control conditions. The observed catalytic enhancement of CS-1 was confirmed by a reduction in the charge transfer resistance obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Finally, an electrochemical kinetic study revealed an eight-electron perchlorate bioreduction reaction at -638.33 ± 24.132 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. Therefore, our results show the synergistic effect of EPRM and chemically modified electrodes on perchlorate removal in a BER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Torres-Rojas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diana Muñoz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Chile
| | - Camila Pía Canales
- Science Institute & Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, VR-III, Hjardarhaga 2, 107, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Samuel A Hevia
- Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile CIEN-UC, Chile; Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile
| | - Felipe Leyton
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile
| | - Nicolás Veloso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile
| | - Mauricio Isaacs
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile CIEN-UC, Chile
| | - Ignacio T Vargas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Chile.
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9
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Goswami A, Stein N, Fawzy M, Nasr M, Goel R. Retention and recycling of granules in continuous flow-through system to accomplish denitrification and perchlorate reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129367. [PMID: 37394045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
This study employed a completely anoxic reactor and a gravity-settling design for continuously separating from flocculated biomass and hydraulically recycling granules back to the main reactor. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the reactor was 98 %. Average nitrate (NO3--N) and perchlorate (ClO4-) removal efficiencies of 99 % and 74 ± 19 % were observed, respectively. Preferential utilization of NO3- over ClO4- led to COD limiting conditions, which resulted in ClO4- in the effluent. The average granule diameter in continuous flow-through bubble-column (CFB) anoxic granular sludge (AxGS) bioreactor was 6325 ± 2434 µm, and the average SVI30/SVI1 was > 90% throughout its operation. 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing revealed Proteobacteria (68.53% - 88.57%) and Dechloromonas (10.46% - 54.77%) to be the most abundant phylum and genus present in reactor sludge representing the denitrifying and ClO4- reducing microbial community. This work represents a pioneering development of CFB-AxGS bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Goswami
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA
| | - Nathan Stein
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA
| | - Manal Fawzy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Alexandria University, Alexandria Governorate 5424041, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Nasr
- Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Sanitary Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21544, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA.
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10
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Stein N, Goswami A, Goel R. Anoxic granular activated sludge process for simultaneous removal of hazardous perchlorate and nitrate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131809. [PMID: 37343405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
An airtight, anoxic bubble-column sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was developed for the rapid cultivation of perchlorate (ClO4-) and nitrate (NO3-) reducing granular sludge (GS) in this study. Feast/famine conditions and shear force selection pressures in tandem with a short settling time (2-min) as a hydraulic section pressure resulted in the accelerated formation of anoxic granular activated sludge (AxGS). ClO4- and NO3- were efficiently (>99.9%) reduced over long-term (>500-d) steady-state operation. Specific NO3- reduction, ClO4- reduction, chloride production, and non-purgeable dissolved organic carbon (DOC) oxidation rates of 5.77 ± 0.54 mg NO3--N/g VSS·h, 8.13 ± 0.74 mg ClO4-/g VSS·h, 2.40 ± 0.40 mg Cl-/g VSS·h, and 16.0 ± 0.06 mg DOC/g VSS·h were recorded within the reactor under steady-state conditions, respectively. The AxGS biomass cultivated in this study exhibited faster specific ClO4- reduction, NO3- reduction, and DOC oxidation rates than flocculated biomass cultivated under similar conditions and AxGS biomass operated in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blank (UASB) bioreactor receiving the same influent loading. EPS peptide identification revealed a suite of extracellular catabolic enzymes. Dechloromonas species were present in high abundance throughout the entirety of this study. This is one of the initial studies on anoxic granulation to simultaneously treat hazardous chemicals and adds to the science of the granular activated sludge process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Stein
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Anjan Goswami
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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11
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Zhu K, Wan Y, Zhu B, Wang H, Liu Q, Xie X, Jiang Q, Feng Y, Xiao P, Xiang Z, Song R. Association of perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate with dyslexic risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138349. [PMID: 36898444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate are sodium iodide symporter (NIS) inhibitors that disturb iodide uptake into the thyroid and have been implicated in child development. However, no data are available on the association between exposure to/related with them and dyslexia. Here, we examined the association of exposure to/related with the three NIS inhibitors with the risk of dyslexia in a case-control study. The three chemicals were detected in urine samples of 355 children with dyslexia and 390 children without dyslexia from three cities in China. The adjusted odds ratios for dyslexia were examined using logistic regression models. The detection frequencies of all the targeted compounds were 100%. After adjusting for multiple covariates, urinary thiocyanate was significantly associated with the risk of dyslexia (P-trend = 0.02). Compared with the lowest quartile, children within the highest quartile had a 2.66-fold risk of dyslexia (95% confidence interval: 1.32, 5.36]. Stratified analyses showed that the association between urinary thiocyanate level and the risk of dyslexia was more pronounced among boys, children with fixed reading time, and those without maternal depression or anxiety during pregnancy. Urinary perchlorate and nitrate levels were not associated with the risk of dyslexia. This study suggests the possible neurotoxicity of thiocyanate or its parent compounds in dyslexia. Further investigation is warranted to confirm our findings and clarify the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiheng Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Laboratory Center for Public Health Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430024, China.
| | - Bing Zhu
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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12
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Cui C, Zhang Y, Wladyka MA, Wang T, Song W, Niu K. Ultrasound-Assisted Adsorption of Perchlorate Using Calcined Hydrotalcites and the Thermal Stabilization Effect of Recycled Adsorbents on Poly(vinyl chloride). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17689-17698. [PMID: 37251198 PMCID: PMC10210281 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high anion exchange and memory effect, the layered double hydroxides (LHDs) have wide applications for some areas. In this work, an efficient and green recycling route for layered double hydroxide based adsorbents is proposed specifically for application as a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) heat stabilizer without requiring secondary calcination. Conventional magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite was synthesized using the hydrothermal method followed by removal of carbonate anion (CO32-) between LDH layers by calcination. The adsorption of perchlorate anion (ClO4-) by the memory effect of calcined LDHs with and without ultrasound assistance was compared. Using ultrasound assistance, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbents (291.89 mg/g) was increased, and the adsorption process was fitted using the kinetic Elovich rate equation (R2 = 0.992) and Langmuir adsorption model (R2 = 0.996). This material was characterized using XRD, FT-IR, EDS, and TGA which demonstrated that ClO4- was intercalated into the hydrotalcite layer successfully. The recycled adsorbents were used to augment a commercial calcium-zinc-based PVC stabilizer package applied in a epoxidized soybean oil plasticized cast sheet which is based on an emulsion type PVC homopolymer resin. Use of perchlorate intercalated LDH augmentation yielded significant improvement to static heat resistance as indicated by the degree of discoloration with a life extension of approximately 60 min. The improved stability was corroborated by evaluation of HCl gas evolved during thermal degradation using conductivity change curves and the Congo red test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Cui
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
- Global
Innovation Center, Canadian General Tower
Changshu Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Youhao Zhang
- Global
Innovation Center, Canadian General Tower
Changshu Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Michael A. Wladyka
- Global
Innovation Center, Canadian General Tower
Changshu Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
- Global
Innovation Center, Canadian General Tower
Changshu Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Weifeng Song
- Global
Innovation Center, Canadian General Tower
Changshu Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
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13
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Yang Y, Pan H, Li X, Luo W, Bharti B. Applications of two-dimensional ion chromatography for analytes determination in environmental matrix: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1694:463908. [PMID: 36913814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Ion chromatography (IC) has grown in usage rapidly since its first introduction in 1975. However, IC is still sometimes unable to separate target analytes from coexisting components well with identical elution time, due to the limited resolution and column capacity, especially in the presence of high-level salt matrix. These limitations hence drive IC to develop two-dimensional IC (2D-IC). In this review, we capture the 2D-IC applications in environmental samples via the perspective of coupling different IC columns, which aim to summarize where these 2D-IC methods fit in. In sequence, we firstly review the principles of 2D-IC and emphasize one-pump column-switching IC (OPCS IC) because it is a simplified 2D-IC that only uses one set of IC system. We then compare typical 2D-IC and OPCS IC performances in terms of application scope, method detection limit, drawbacks, and expectations. Finally, we propose some challenges of current methods and opportunities for future research. For instance, it is challenging to couple anion exchange column and capillary column in OPCS IC due to the incompatibility between flow path dimensions and suppressor; coupling ion exclusion column and mixed-bed column may be promising to simultaneously determine anions and cations in weak acids or salts. The details of this study may help practitioners to better understand and implement 2D-IC methods and meanwhile motivate researchers to fill in the knowledge gap in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, PR. China.
| | - Huimei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, PR. China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, PR. China
| | - Wang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, PR. China
| | - Bandna Bharti
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, PR. China; Department of Chemistry, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab 144001, India
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14
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Reznicek J, Bednarik V, Filip J. PERCHLORATE SENSING – CAN ELECTROCHEMISTRY MEET THE SENSITIVITY OF STANDARD METHODS? Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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15
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Nishimura M, Nakaya Y, Kashimoto M, Imai S, Tanaka H, Takeuchi M. Determination of trace perchlorate in river water by ion chromatography with online matrix removal and sample concentration. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:689-694. [PMID: 36635453 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a simple ion chromatographic approach to determine trace amounts of perchlorate in river water samples. Determination of the trace perchlorate by ion chromatography typically faces two challenges: interference by matrix ions such as chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in the samples and insufficient detection sensitivity. In the present study, online pretreatment of the samples with an OnGuard II Ba/Ag/H disposable sample pretreatment cartridge prevented the sulfate peak tailing from overlapping with the perchlorate peak on the chromatogram. In addition, the matrix removal enabled as large as 10 mL of sample to be loaded into a high exchange capacity anion concentrator, significantly improving perchlorate's detection sensitivity. The proposed approach achieved a detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.046 µg L-1 without using a costly mass spectrometer and successfully determined sub µg L-1 levels of perchlorate in river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Nishimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yukari Nakaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Mao Kashimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Shoji Imai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Hideji Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
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16
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Saedi Y, Batista JR, Britto R, Grady D. Impacts of co-contaminants and dilution on perchlorate biodegradation using various carbon sources. Biodegradation 2023; 34:301-323. [PMID: 36598629 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-022-10013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the biodegradation of perchlorate in the presence of the co-contaminants nitrate and chlorate using soluble and slow-release carbon sources. In addition, the impact of bio-augmentation and dilution, which results in lower total dissolved salts (TDS) and contaminant levels, is examined. Laboratory microcosms were conducted using actual groundwater and soils from a contaminated aquifer. The results revealed that both soluble and slow-release carbon sources support biodegradation of contaminants in the sequence nitrate > chlorate > perchlorate. Degradation rates, including and excluding lag times, revealed that the overall impact of the presence of co-contaminants depends on degradation kinetics and the relative concentrations of the contaminants. When the lag time caused by the presence of the co-contaminants is considered, the degradation rates for chlorate and perchlorate were two to three times slower. The results also show that dilution causes lower initial contaminant concentrations, and consequently, slower degradation rates, which is not desirable. On the other hand, the dilution resulting from the injection of amendments to support remediation promotes desirably lower salinity levels. However, the salinity associated with the presence of sulfate does not inhibit biodegradation. The naturally occurring bacteria were able to support the degradation of all contaminants. Bio-augmentation was effective only in diluted microcosms. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla identified in the microcosms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Saedi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4015, USA
| | - Jacimaria R Batista
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4015, USA.
| | - Ronnie Britto
- Tetra Tech Inc, 720 Coleherne Road, Collierville, TN, 38017, USA
| | - Dana Grady
- Tetra Tech Inc, 720 Coleherne Road, Collierville, TN, 38017, USA
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17
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Kumar KS, Kavitha S, Parameswari K, Sakunthala A, Sathishkumar P. Environmental occurrence, toxicity and remediation of perchlorate - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137017. [PMID: 36377118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate (ClO4-) comes under the class of contaminants called the emerging contaminants that will impact environment in the near future. A strong oxidizer by nature, perchlorate has received significant observation due to its occurrence, reactive nature, and persistence in varied environments such as surface water, groundwater, soil, and food. Perchlorate finds its use in number of industrial products ranging from missile fuel, fertilizers, and fireworks. Perchlorate exposure occurs when naturally occurring or manmade perchlorate in water or food is ingested. Perchlorate ingestion affects iodide absorption into the thyroid, thereby causing a decrease in the synthesis of thyroid hormone, a very crucial component needed for metabolism, neural development, and a number of other physiological functions in the body. Perchlorate remediation from ground water and drinking water is carried out through a series of physical-chemical techniques like ion (particle) transfer and reverse osmosis. However, the generation of waste through these processes are difficult to manage, so the need for alternative treatment methods occur. This review talks about the hybrid technologies that are currently researched and gaining momentum in the treatment of emerging contaminants, namely perchlorate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Suresh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subbiah Kavitha
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kalivel Parameswari
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayyasamy Sakunthala
- Solid State Ionics Lab, Department of Applied Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Green Lab, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
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18
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Dong X, Yu K, Jia X, Zhang Y, Peng X. Perchlorate reduction kinetics and genome-resolved metagenomics identify metabolic interactions in acclimated saline lake perchlorate-reducing consortia. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 227:119343. [PMID: 36371918 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is a widely detected environmental contaminant in surface and underground water, that seriously impacts human health by inhibiting the uptake of thyroidal radioiodine. Perchlorate reduction due to saline lake microorganisms is not as well understood as that in marine environments. In this study, we enriched a perchlorate-reducing microbial consortium collected from saline lake sediments and found that the perchlorate reduction kinetics of the enriched consortium fit the Michaelis-Menten kinetics well, with a maximum specific substrate reduction rate (qmax) of 0.596 ± 0.001 mg ClO4-/mg DW/h and half-saturation constant (Ks) of 16.549 ± 0.488 mg ClO4-/L. Furthermore, we used improved metagenome binning to reconstruct high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from the metagenomes of the microbial consortia, including the perchlorate-reducing bacteria (PRB) Dechloromonas agitata and Wolinella succinogenes, with the genome of W. succinogenes harboring complete functional genes for perchlorate reduction being the first recovered. Given that the electrons were directly transferred to the electronic carrier cytochrome c-553 from the quinone pool, the electron transfer pathway of W. succinogenes was shorter and more efficient than the canonical pattern. This finding provides a theoretical basis for microbial remediation of sites contaminated by high concentrations of perchlorate. Metagenomic binning and metatranscriptomic analyses revealed the gene transcription variation of perchlorate reductase pcr and chlorite dismutase cld by PRB and the synergistic metabolic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ke Yu
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoshan Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingxing Peng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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19
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Savin M, Vrkatić A, Dedić D, Vlaški T, Vorgučin I, Bjelanović J, Jevtic M. Additives in Children's Nutrition-A Review of Current Events. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13452. [PMID: 36294032 PMCID: PMC9603407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Additives are defined as substances added to food with the aim of preserving and improving safety, freshness, taste, texture, or appearance. While indirect additives can be found in traces in food and come from materials used for packaging, storage, and technological processing of food, direct additives are added to food with a special purpose (canning). The use of additives is justified if it is in accordance with legal regulations and does not pose a health or danger to consumers in the prescribed concentration. However, due to the specificity of the child's metabolic system, there is a greater risk that the negative effects of the additive will manifest. Considering the importance of the potential negative impact of additives on children's health and the increased interest in the control and monitoring of additives in food for children, we have reviewed the latest available literature available through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Expert data were taken from publicly available documents published from January 2010 to April 2022 by internationally recognized professional organizations. It was found that the most frequently present additives in the food consumed by children are bisphenols, phthalates, perfluoroalkyl chemicals, perchlorates, pesticides, nitrates and nitrites, artificial food colors, monosodium glutamate, and aspartame. Increasing literacy about the presence and potential risk through continuous education of parents and young people as well as active monitoring of newly registered additives and harmonization of existing legal regulations by competent authorities can significantly prevent the unwanted effects of additives on children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Savin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 10, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vrkatić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Danijela Dedić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Emergency Service, Community Health Center Šid, Alekse Šantića 1, 22239 Šid, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Vlaški
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Vorgučin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 10, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Bjelanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Jevtic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Futoška 121, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Research Center on Environmental Health and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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20
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Xu J, Zhu Z, Zhong B, Gong W, Du S, Zhang D, Chen Y, Li X, Zheng Q, Ma J, Sun L, Lu S. Health risk assessment of perchlorate and chlorate in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156889. [PMID: 35753452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate and chlorate are both strong oxidants and thyroid toxicants that are widely distributed in soil, water and human foods. The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is a common aquatic organism that is popular in Chinese culinary dishes. Dietary intake is the main route of human exposure to perchlorate and chlorate, though the health risks of crayfish consumption are unknown. Thus, this study investigated the quantities of perchlorate and chlorate in red swap crayfish from sampling sites in five provinces located near the Yangtze River in China, along with the associated health risks of consuming this species. Perchlorate was detected in 55.6-100 % of crayfish samples in each sampling location, and chlorate was found in 100 % of samples cross all sites. Concentrations of perchlorate in crayfish from upstream provinces (Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi) were higher than those from downstream provinces (Anhui and Jiangsu). Perchlorate and chlorate concentrations were positively correlated in crayfish, suggesting that chlorate may be a degradation byproduct of perchlorate. The quantities of both pollutants in hepatopancreas tissue were higher than in muscle tissues (p < 0.05), such that we do not recommend ingesting crayfish hepatopancreas. Hazard quotient (HQ) values for chlorate in crayfish were <1 across all provinces, suggesting no potential health risk of chlorate exposure through crayfish consumption. However, perchlorate concentrations in crayfish from the Jiangxi province had an associated HQ value >1, suggesting potential risks for human health. These results will be useful in informing mitigation measures aimed at reducing perchlorate exposure associated with crayfish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baisen Zhong
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weiran Gong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Sijin Du
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yining Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Quanzhi Zheng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Litao Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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21
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Acevedo-Barrios R, Rubiano-Labrador C, Navarro-Narvaez D, Escobar-Galarza J, González D, Mira S, Moreno D, Contreras A, Miranda-Castro W. Perchlorate-reducing bacteria from Antarctic marine sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:654. [PMID: 35934758 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is a contaminant that can persist in groundwater and soil, and is frequently detected in different ecosystems at concentrations relevant to human health. This study isolated and characterised halotolerant bacteria that can potentially perform perchlorate reduction. Bacterial microorganisms were isolated from marine sediments on Deception, Horseshoe and Half Moon Islands of Antarctica. The results of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates were phylogenetically related to Psychrobacter cryohalolentis, Psychrobacter urativorans, Idiomarina loihiensis, Psychrobacter nivimaris, Sporosarcina aquimarina and Pseudomonas lactis. The isolates grew at a sodium chloride concentration of up to 30% and a perchlorate concentration of up to 10,000 mg/L, which showed their ability to survive in saline conditions and high perchlorate concentrations. Between 21.6 and 40% of perchlorate was degraded by the isolated bacteria. P. cryohalolentis and P. urativorans degraded 30.3% and 32.6% of perchlorate, respectively. I. loihiensis degraded 40% of perchlorate, and P. nivimaris, S. aquimarina and P. lactis degraded 22%, 21.8% and 21.6% of perchlorate, respectively. I. loihiensis had the highest reduction in perchlorate, whereas P. lactis had the lowest reduction. This study is significant as it is the first finding of P. cryohalolentis and. P. lactis on the Antarctic continent. In conclusion, these bacteria isolated from marine sediments on Antarctica offer promising resources for the bioremediation of perchlorate contamination due to their ability to degrade perchlorate, showing their potential use as a biological system to reduce perchlorate in high-salinity ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Acevedo-Barrios
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia.
| | - Carolina Rubiano-Labrador
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Dhania Navarro-Narvaez
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Johana Escobar-Galarza
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Diana González
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Stephanie Mira
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Dayana Moreno
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Aura Contreras
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Wendy Miranda-Castro
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia
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22
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Žabenský B, Bodor R, Makata D, Szucs R, Masár M. Trace determination of perchlorate in drinking water by capillary zone electrophoresis with isotachophoresis sample cleanup and conductivity detection. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3339-3347. [PMID: 35661409 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Žabenský
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH2, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia
| | - Róbert Bodor
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH2, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia
| | - Dávid Makata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH2, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia
| | - Roman Szucs
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH2, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia
| | - Marián Masár
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH2, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia
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23
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Torres-Rojas F, Muñoz D, Pía Canales C, Vargas IT. Bioprospecting for electrochemically active perchlorate-reducing microorganisms. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Wang Y, Lai CY, Wu M, Lu X, Hu S, Yuan Z, Guo J. Copper stimulation on methane-supported perchlorate reduction in a membrane biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127917. [PMID: 34915291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated that the perchlorate reduction rate in a methane-based membrane biofilm reactor was significantly enhanced from 14.4 to 25.6 mg-Cl/L/d by increasing copper concentration in the feeding medium from 1 to 10 μM, indicating a stimulatory effect of copper on the methane-supported perchlorate reduction process. Batch tests further confirmed that the increased copper concentration enhanced both methane oxidation and perchlorate reduction rates, which was supported by an increasing trend of functional genes (pmoA for methanotrophs and pcrA for specific perchlorate reducers) abundances through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Both 16S rRNA gene sequencing and functional genes (pmoA and pcrA) sequencing jointly revealed that the biofilm supplied with a higher copper concentration exhibited a more diverse microbial community. The methane-supported perchlorate reduction was accomplished through a synergistic association of methanotrophs (Methylocystis, Methylomonas, and Methylocystaceae) and perchlorate reducers (Dechloromonas, Azospira, Magnetospirillum, and Denitratisoma). Acetate may function as the key syntrophic linkage between methanotrophs and perchlorate reducers. It was proposed that the increased copper concentration improved the activity of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) for methane oxidation or promoted the biosynthesis of intracellular carbon storage compounds polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) in methanotrophs for generating more acetate available for perchlorate reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Wang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Yu Lai
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mengxiong Wu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xuanyu Lu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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25
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Aviles A, Hulgard K, Green JW, Duus A, Holbech B, Morthorst JE. Effects of sodium perchlorate and 6-propylthiouracil on metamorphosis and thyroid gland histopathology in the European common frog (Rana temporaria). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 244:106094. [PMID: 35134604 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several chemicals have been identified as thyroid hormone axis disrupting chemicals (THADCs) able to interfere with the thyroid hormone system during fetal life and early life stages, thereby impairing neurodevelopment in mammals and inducing development and growth disorders in fish and amphibians. However, identification of THADCs is particularly challenging, and thyroid modalities are currently only assessed in vivo by mammalian and amphibian tests. The aquatic African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis/tropicalis) is the model species of the amphibian test guidelines developed by the OECD and the United States Environmental Protection Agency, but as most European amphibians are semi-aquatic, concern has been raised whether the sensitivity of native European species is comparable to Xenopus. A shortened version of the OEDC test guideline 241 (Larval Amphibian Growth and Development Assay, LAGDA) was used to investigate the effects of two model THADCs on the metamorphosis and thyroid histopathology in the European common frog (Rana temporaria). R. temporaria eggs were collected on the field and exposed till metamorphic climax to sodium perchlorate (11.9-426.5 μg/L perchlorate concentrations) and 6-propylthiouracil (PTU: 1.23-47.7 mg/L). PTU severely delayed metamorphosis and affected several thyroid gland histopathological endpoints at slightly lower concentrations compared to Xenopus. As opposed to what was described in similar Xenopus studies, we observed no effect of perchlorate on the investigated endpoints. Interspecies differences may be linked to mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Aviles
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Katrine Hulgard
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - John W Green
- John W Green Ecostatistical Consulting LLC, 372 Chickory Way, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Annette Duus
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jane E Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark.
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26
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Calderón R, Jara C, Albornoz F, Palma P, Arancibia-Miranda N, Karthikraj R, Zhu H. Accumulation and distribution of perchlorate in spinach and chard growing under greenhouse: Implications for food safety in baby foods commodities. Food Chem 2022; 370:131101. [PMID: 34537427 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Very little information is available with regards to the bioavailability of perchlorate in spinach or chard used in the production of baby foods commodities. In the present study, the uptake and accumulation of perchlorate were compared under two different treatments (T1: 1 and T2: 10 mg L-1 ClO4-). Our results indicate that spinach has a higher capacity to accumulate perchlorate than chard (p < 0.0185). Concentrations of perchlorate in leaves, stems and roots (leaves > stem > roots) all gradually increased (p < 0.0001) as vegetable growing and treatment (T2 > T1). No significant differences were found between the control and T1. The daily intake for perchlorate (control) is below the proposed international standard, however, it was exceeded in T1 and T2. The results suggested that perchlorate is actively accumulate in high concentrations in vegetables used in the production of baby food commodities and the exposure of perchlorate via the food consumption (baby foods) was evaluated as not safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Calderón
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Segundo Piso, Santiago, Chile.
| | - C Jara
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - F Albornoz
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Palma
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública, Ambiental y Laboral, Servicio Regional Ministerial, Ministerio de Salud, Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Arancibia-Miranda
- Facultad de Química and Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Casilla 40, C.P. 33, Santiago 9170022, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, Santiago 9170124, Chile
| | - R Karthikraj
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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27
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Acevedo-Barrios R, Rubiano-Labrador C, Miranda-Castro W. Presence of perchlorate in marine sediments from Antarctica during 2017-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:102. [PMID: 35038007 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate of natural origin is a persistent pollutant that affects thyroid function by inhibiting iodine uptake, and this pollutant is frequently detected in different ecosystems at concentrations that can harm human health. In this study, we measured the perchlorate concentrations in 3,000 marine sediment samples from January to March in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 during the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th Colombian Scientific Expeditions to Antarctica. The sampling zones were located at 15 different points on the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula, and they were measured using a selective perchlorate electrode. The concentration data indicate that perchlorate reached a minimum concentration of 90 ppm on Horseshoe Island and a maximum concentration of 465 ppm on Deception Island, suggesting a spatial variation in perchlorate concentrations that can be attributed to the natural formation of this pollutant due to volcanic eruptions. Additionally, homogeneous distribution of perchlorate was not observed in Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Acevedo-Barrios
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia.
| | - Carolina Rubiano-Labrador
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia
| | - Wendy Miranda-Castro
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia
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28
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Ruiz-Muelle AB, Lestón-Cabeo F, Fernández I. Accurate detection of perchlorate in epoxy resins via chlorine-35 quantitative quadrupolar NMR (qQNMR). Analyst 2022; 147:5075-5081. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00759b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present herein the application of a qQNMR method that uses a quadrupolar nucleus such as chlorine-35 for the quantification of perchlorate in epoxy resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Ruiz-Muelle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Felipe Lestón-Cabeo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
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29
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Stein N, Podder A, Lee Weidhaas J, Goel R. Simultaneous reduction of perchlorate and nitrate using fast-settling anoxic sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131788. [PMID: 34375826 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fast-settling, anoxic sludge (FAS) was cultivated and utilized in this study to simultaneously reduce elevated levels of perchlorate and nitrate in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (AnSBR). Average perchlorate and nitrate removal efficiencies of 96.5 ± 8.44 % and 99.8 ± 0.32 %, respectively, were achieved from an average perchlorate and nitrate loading rate of 159 ± 101 g ClO4-/m3·d and 10.8 ± 7.25 g NO3--N/m3·d, respectively, throughout long-term operation (>500-d). Batch activity tests revealed a preferential utilization of nitrate over perchlorate, where significant perchlorate reduction inhibition occurred when nitrate was present as a competing electron acceptor under carbon-limiting conditions. Specific perchlorate and nitrate reduction rates were shown to increase as the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the AnSBR was step-wise decreased and subsequently the perchlorate and nitrate loading rates were step-wise increased. Functional, mRNA-based expression of the nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK), nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ), perchlorate reductase subunit A (pcrA), and the chlorite dismutase (cld) genes illustrated the simultaneous activity of heterotrophic denitrification and perchlorate reduction occurring throughout a complete standard reactor operational cycle, and allowed for expression trends to be documented as the HRT of the AnSBR was reduced from 5-d to 1.25-d. Nitrous oxide (N2O) production was detected as a result of incomplete denitrification, where the largest N2O production occurred at the highest nitrate loading rates investigated in this study. Thauera species were heavily enriched at a longer HRT of 5-d, but were out-competed by Dechloromonas species as the HRT of the AnSBR was step-wise reduced to 1.25-d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Stein
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Aditi Podder
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jennifer Lee Weidhaas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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30
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Zhang B, An W, Shi Y, Yang M. Perchlorate occurrence, sub-basin contribution and risk hotspots for drinking water sources in China based on industrial agglomeration method. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106995. [PMID: 34991255 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is a persistent inorganic contaminant which has attracted wide attention because of its harmful effects on physical health. Despite the potential adverse effects to humans via drinking water, related research at the national scale in China are scarce. In this study, the occurrence of perchlorate in major river basins in China was investigated from 2009 to 2020. Generally, except for the Yangtze River Basin, perchlorate concentrations in the surface water of other river basins were low, ranging from < 0.01 to 8.53 μg/L. The results of a specialized field sampling and tracking program in the Yangtze River Basin in 2019 showed that the Xiangjiang River basin is the greatest contributor of perchlorate in the Yangtze River Basin, accounting for 58.63% of the total perchlorate input. Furthermore, based on correlation analysis between production enterprise information and measured concentrations in sampled sites, fireworks and explosives production industries were identified as the major sources of perchlorate contamination in surface water. The risk map showed that the central-southern part of China and the central part of Xinjiang province were risk hotspots for perchlorate contamination. The results gave insights into how to conduct more precise risk assessment and policy intervention towards prevention of perchlorate contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei An
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yali Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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31
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Lai CY, Wu M, Wang Y, Zhang J, Li J, Liu T, Xia J, Yuan Z, Guo J. Cross-feeding interactions in short chain gaseous alkane-driven perchlorate and selenate reduction. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 200:117215. [PMID: 34020333 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Short chain gaseous alkanes (SCGAs) mainly consist of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10). The first three SCGAs have been shown to remove perchlorate (ClO4-) and selenate (SeO42-), yet it is unknown whether C4H10 is available to reduce these contaminants. This study demonstrated that C4H10 fed biofilms were capable of reducing ClO4- and SeO42- to chloride (Cl-) and elemental selenium (Se0), respectively, by employing two independent membrane biofilms reactors (MBfRs). Batch tests showed that C4H10 and oxygen fed biofilms had much higher ClO4- and SeO42- reduction rates and enhanced expression levels of bmoX and pcrA than that without C4H10 or O2. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) accumulated in the biofilms when C4H10 was supplied, and they decomposed for driving ClO4- and SeO42- reduction when C4H10 was absent. Moreover, we revisited the literature and found that a cross-feeding pathway seems to be universal in microaerobic SCGA-driven perchlorate and selenate reduction processes. In the ClO4--reducing MBfRs, Mycobacterium primarily conducts C2H6 and C3H8 oxidation in synergy with Dechloromonas who performs perchlorate reduction, while both Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus carried out C4H10 oxidation with perchlorate-respiring Azospira as the partner. In the SeO42--reducing MBfRs, Mycobacterium oxidized C2H6 solely or oxidized C3H8 jointly with Rhodococcus, while Burkholderiaceae likely acted as the selenate-reducing bacterium. When C4H10 was supplied as the electron donor, both Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus conducted C4H10 oxidation in synergy with unknow selenate-reducing bacterium. Collectively, we confirm that from CH4 to C4H10, all SCGAs could be utilized as electron donors for bio-reduction process. These findings offer insights into SCGA-driven bio-reduction processes, and are helpful in establishing SCGA-based technologies for groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lai
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mengxiong Wu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yulu Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jiongbin Zhang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jiahui Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Xia
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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32
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Niziński P, Błażewicz A, Kończyk J, Michalski R. Perchlorate - properties, toxicity and human health effects: an updated review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 36:199-222. [PMID: 32887207 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interest in perchlorate as environmental pollutant has increased since 1997, when high concentrations have been found in the waters of the Colorado River, USA. Perchlorate is very persistent in nature and it is slowly degraded. Although harmful effects of large doses of perchlorate on thyroid function have been proven, the environmental effects are still unclear. The primary objective of the present review is to collect prevailing data of perchlorate exposure and to discuss its impact on human health. The results show that more than 50% of reviewed works found significant associations of perchlorate exposure and human health. This review consists of the following sections: general information of perchlorate sources, its properties and determination methods, role and sources in human body including food and water intake, overview of the scientific literature on the research on the effect of perchlorate on human health from 2010 to 2020. Finally, conclusions and recommendations on future perchlorate studies concerning human exposure are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Niziński
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Błażewicz
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kończyk
- Institute of Chemistry, Health and Food Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Rajmund Michalski
- Institute of Chemistry, Health and Food Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
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33
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A novel ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (IC-MS/MS) method for the determination of chlorate and prechlorate in freshly brewed coffee. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ren C, Liu J. Bioinspired Catalytic Reduction of Aqueous Perchlorate by One Single-Metal Site with High Stability against Oxidative Deactivation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changxu Ren
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jinyong Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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35
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Levakov I, Han J, Ronen Z, Dahan O. Inhibition of perchlorate biodegradation by ferric and ferrous iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124555. [PMID: 33223313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous observations from in-situ biological treatments in the subsurface of a perchlorate-contaminated site revealed multiple reduction processes occurring parallel to perchlorate degradation. Iron reduction was accelerated and correlated with a decline in the efficiency of the in-situ perchlorate reduction. In the current study, we examined the influence of iron forms on perchlorate reduction. A series of kinetic laboratory experiments were conducted, using an indigenous mixed perchlorate-reducing culture, enriched from the polluted soil that was undergoing bioremediation. The results show that ferrous iron was a non-competitive inhibitor with a 41% decrease in µmax for perchlorate reduction. Moreover, chlorate was accumulated in all samples treated with ferrous iron, indicating a disruption to the chlorate reduction step. Ferric iron, however, had less impact on perchlorate degradation with non-competitive inhibition reaching a 23% decrease in µmax. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the presence of ferrous iron in the perchlorate degradation enrichment culture initiated cell encrustation. We propose that during perchlorate reduction and the emission of oxygen from chlorite dismutation, the chemical oxidation of ferrous iron occurred near the bacteria's surface where the enzyme is located, forming an oxidized iron crust layer that can directly affect the perchlorate reduction enzymatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilil Levakov
- Department of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel.
| | - Jincheng Han
- Department of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel.
| | - Zeev Ronen
- Department of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel.
| | - Ofer Dahan
- Department of Environmental Hydrology & Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel.
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36
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Zhou J, Du N, Li D, Qin J, Li H, Chen G. Combined effects of perchlorate and hexavalent chromium on the survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia carinata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144676. [PMID: 33485194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) are common cocontaminants in aquatic environments due to their high water solubility, stability, mobility, and some coapplications. However, few studies have investigated their combined toxicity to organisms. In this work, we studied the acute and chronic toxicities of perchlorate and Cr(VI), alone and in combination, with survival, growth, and reproduction as endpoints using Daphnia carinata as a model organism. For a single contaminant, Cr(VI) was found to be more toxic than perchlorate to D. carinata not only in terms of survival but also in terms of growth and reproduction. In regard to the combined pattern, the interactive effects on survival, growth, and reproduction were mainly additivity, antagonism, and synergism, respectively, suggesting that the interactive response of perchlorate and Cr(VI) is endpoint-specific. Due to significant synergism, over 21 days of observation, the inhibition of 0.1 mg/L perchlorate and 0.2 mg/L Cr(VI) on cumulative offspring per female in the first seven broods reached 63.9 ± 3.6%, suggesting that long-term exposure to perchlorate and Cr(VI) at environmentally relevant concentrations may affect D. carinata reproduction in the natural environment. Our results will be significant for understanding the complicated combined toxicity of perchlorate and Cr to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ningning Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongqin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Liu X, Zhang H, Tian Y, Fang M, Xu L, Wang Q, Li J, Shen H, Wu Y, Gong Z. Bioavailability Evaluation of Perchlorate in Different Foods In Vivo: Comparison with In Vitro Assays and Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5189-5197. [PMID: 33881845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate in various foods continuously arouses public health concern. Bioavailability is a critical parameter to better estimate perchlorate exposure from diets. In this study, perchlorate bioavailability in five foods was determined in an in vivo mouse model and compared with in vitro bioaccessibility/bioavailability. The estimated in vivo perchlorate bioavailability for different foods ranged from 18.01 ± 4.53% to 45.60 ± 7.11%, with the order lettuce > pork > rice > milk powder > soybean. Moisture, fiber, and fat in foods were identified as critical factors affecting perchlorate bioavailability (correlation r = 0.71, 0.52, and -0.67, respectively). Linear regression analysis revealed that the in vitro perchlorate bioavailability determined using the Caco-2 cell model has the potential to estimate the in vivo perchlorate bioavailability in foods (R2 = 0.67, slope = 1.33, and y intercept = 4.99). These findings provide insights into the effects of the food matrices on perchlorate bioavailability and could contribute to decrease the uncertainty regarding perchlorate dietary exposure risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Tian
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Fang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingguang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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38
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Guo Z, Chen P, Wang M, Barimah AO, Chen Q, El-Seedi HR, Zou X. Determination of perchlorate in tea using SERS with a superhydrophobically treated cysteine modified silver film/polydimethylsiloxane substrate. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1625-1634. [PMID: 33735352 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is a new type of persistent pollutant, which interferes with the synthesis and secretion of thyroxine and affects human health. The EU's limit for perchlorate in tea is 750 μg kg-1. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique has the characteristics of a simple pretreatment method, rapid detection, high sensitivity, high specificity and great stability in the detection of perchlorate. This study proposed a novel superhydrophobic SERS substrate, which can be used to detect perchlorate in tea. Firstly, a chemical deposition method was used to deposit a silver film on the surface of a thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane. After drying, the substrate was immersed in 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane aqueous solution for 15 hours to make the surface of the substrate superhydrophobic. Then cysteine molecules were deposited on the surface of the silver film/polydimethylsiloxane by incubation. The superhydrophobic surface has a unique enrichment effect on the highly diluted solution, and perchlorate has a strong affinity for the amino group of cysteine. We collected the Raman spectra of 9 gradient concentrations (1-100 μmol L-1) of perchlorate-spiked tea samples on the hydrophobic substrate, and a linear model of the relationship between the SERS spectral intensity and the concentrations of perchlorate in tea was established. This method reached a good limit of detection of 0.0067 μmol L-1 (0.82 μg kg-1) in tea, which showed that the developed sensor has high sensitivity and could be used as a fast and simple technique for quantitative detection of perchlorate based on SERS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Abstract
Perchlorate ion (ClO4−) is known as a potent endocrine disruptor and exposure to this compound can result in serious health issues. It has been found in drinking water, swimming pools, and surface water in many countries, however, its occurrence in the environment is still poorly understood. The information on perchlorate contamination of Polish waters is very limited. The primary objective of this study was to assess ClO4− content in bottled, tap, river, and swimming pool water samples from different regions of Poland and provide some data on the presence of perchlorate. We have examined samples of bottled, river, municipal, and swimming pool water using the IC–CD (ion chromatography–conductivity detection) method. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.43 µg/L and 1.42 µg/L, respectively, and they were both above the current health advisory levels in drinking water. The concentration of perchlorate were found to be 3.12 µg/L in one river water sample and from 6.38 to 8.14 µg/L in swimming pool water samples. Importantly, the level of perchlorate was below the limit of detection (LOD) in all bottled water samples. The results have shown that the determined perchlorate contamination in Polish drinking waters seems to be small, nevertheless, further studies are required on surface and river samples. The inexpensive, fast, and sensitive IC–CD method used in this study allowed for a reliable determination of perchlorate in the analyzed samples. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other studies seeking to assess the perchlorate content in Polish waters.
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40
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Wang Q, Chen K, Huang S, Zhu X, Kang F. Spontaneous assembly of microbial extracellular polymeric substances into microcapsules involved in trapping and immobilizing degradation-resistant oxoanions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143651. [PMID: 33257076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ubiquity of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in soils and aquatic environments, the roles played by EPS in the nonreductive transformation of toxic and degradation-resistant oxoanions are poorly understood. Here, we used perchlorate, which is ubiquitous in surface environments, as an initiator to study the spontaneous assembly of EPS into microcapsules involved in trapping and immobilizing oxoanions. The results confirmed that ClO4- oxoanions could be rapidly trapped in 20 min by EPS extracted from a common Bacillus subtilis, whereas no chemical reduction of ClO4- occurred in 48 h. Integrated spectroscopic analyses with florescence quenching microtitration and theoretical models showed that amino functionalities of EPS are responsible for sequestering ClO4-, with lower pH values being more favorable to formation of EPS-ClO4- micelles. Combined molecular dynamics scheme with wave function analyses showed that besides amino residues, the protonated side-chain amino groups in the basic proteins have a greater capacity for sequestering ClO4- through a noncovalent H-bonding mechanism in which dissociable protons serve as the nodes to bridge ClO4-. A quantitative association between the number of hydrogen bonds and bioavailability revealed that immobilization by EPS mitigates the uptake of toxic oxoanions by forage ryegrass, reducing their risk exposure to edible produce. MAIN FINDING OF THE WORK: Micelles formed by freely dissolved EPS mitigate the uptake of toxic oxoanions by forage ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Shuhan Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xuezhu Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Fuxing Kang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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41
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Acevedo-Barrios R, Olivero-Verbel J. Perchlorate Contamination: Sources, Effects, and Technologies for Remediation. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 256:103-120. [PMID: 34611758 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is a persistent pollutant, generated via natural and anthropogenic processes, that possesses a high potential for endocrine disruption in humans and biota. It inhibits iodine fixation, a major reason for eliminating this pollutant from ecosystems. Remediation of perchlorate can be achieved with various physicochemical treatments, especially at low concentrations. However, microbiological approaches using microorganisms, such as those from the genera Dechloromonas, Serratia, Propionivibrio, Wolinella, and Azospirillum, are promising when perchlorate pollution is extensive. Perchlorate-reducing bacteria, isolated from harsh environments, for example saline soils, mine sediments, thermal waters, wastewater treatment plants, underground gas storage facilities, and remote areas, including the Antarctica, can provide removal yields from 20 to 100%. Perchlorate reduction, carried out by a series of enzymes, such as perchlorate reductase and superoxide chlorite, depends on pH, temperature, salt concentration, metabolic inhibitors, nutritional conditions, time of contact, and cellular concentration. Microbial degradation is cost-effective, simple to implement, and environmentally friendly, rendering it a viable method for alleviating perchlorate pollution in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Acevedo-Barrios
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.
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Cao F, Sturchio NC, Ollivier P, Devau N, Heraty LJ, Jaunat J. Sources and behavior of perchlorate in a shallow Chalk aquifer under military (World War I) and agricultural influences. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123072. [PMID: 32768836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate (ClO4ö) has been detected at concentrations of concern for human health on a large scale in groundwater used for drinking water supplies in NE France. Two sources are suspected: a military source related to World War I (WWI) and an agricultural source related to past use of Chilean nitrate fertilizers. The sources and behavior of ClO4ö have been studied in groundwater and rivers near the Reims city, by monitoring monthly the major ions and ClO4- concentrations for two years (2017-2019), and by measuring the isotopic composition of ClO4ö and NO3ö in water samples. ClO4ö was detected throughout the study area with high concentrations (> 4 μg⋅L-1) detected mainly downgradient of the Champagne Mounts, where large quantities of ammunition were used, stored and destroyed during and after WWI. A WWI military origin of ClO4- is inferred from isotopic analysis and groundwater ages. Different tendencies of ClO4- variation are observed and interpreted by a combination of ClO4- concentrations, aquifer functioning and historical investigations, revealing major sources of ClO4- (e.g., unexploded ordnance, ammunition destruction sites) and its transfer mechanisms in the aquifer. Finally, we show that concentrations of ClO4ö in groundwater seems unlikely to decrease in the short- to medium-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Cao
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 Esplanade Roland Garros, 51100, Reims, France.
| | - Neil C Sturchio
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, 255 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, United States
| | - Patrick Ollivier
- BRGM, 3 av. C. Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060, Orléans, Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Devau
- BRGM, 3 av. C. Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060, Orléans, Cedex 2, France
| | - Linnea J Heraty
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, 255 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, United States
| | - Jessy Jaunat
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne - GEGENAA - EA 3795, 2 Esplanade Roland Garros, 51100, Reims, France
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43
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A highly-efficient and cost-effective pretreatment method for selective extraction and detection of perchlorate in tea and dairy products. Food Chem 2020; 328:127113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Taucare M, Daniele L, Viguier B, Vallejos A, Arancibia G. Groundwater resources and recharge processes in the Western Andean Front of Central Chile. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137824. [PMID: 32199370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In Central Chile, the increment of withdrawals together with drought conditions has exposed the poor understanding of the regional hydrogeological system. In this study, we addressed the Western Andean Front hydrogeology by hydrogeochemical and water stable isotope analyses of 23 springs, 10 boreholes, 5 rain-collectors and 5 leaching-rocks samples at Aconcagua Basin. From the upstream to the downstream parts of the Western Andean Front, most groundwater is HCO3-Ca and results from the dissolution of anorthite, labradorite and other silicate minerals. The Hierarchical Cluster Analysis groups the samples according to its position along the Western Andean Front and supports a clear correlation between the increasing groundwater mineralization (31-1188 μS/cm) and residence time. Through Factorial Analysis, we point that Cl, NO3, Sr and Ba concentrations are related to agriculture practices in the Central Depression. After defining the regional meteoric water line at 33°S in Chile, water isotopes demonstrate the role of rain and snowmelt above ~2000 m asl in the recharge of groundwater. Finally, we propose an original conceptual model applicable to the entire Central Chile. During dry periods, water releases from high-elevation areas infiltrate in mid-mountain gullies feeding groundwater circulation in the fractured rocks of Western Andean Front. To the downstream, mountain-block and -front processes recharge the alluvial aquifers. Irrigation canals, conducting water from Principal Cordillera, play a significant role in the recharge of Central Depression aquifers. While groundwater in the Western Andean Front has a high-quality according to different water uses, intensive agriculture practices in the Central Depression cause an increment of hazardous elements for human-health in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Taucare
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linda Daniele
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Benoît Viguier
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angela Vallejos
- Recursos Hídricos y Geología Ambiental, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Gloria Arancibia
- Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Estructural y Geotécnica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Van Stempvoort DR, MacKay DR, Brown SJ, Collins P. Environmental fluxes of perchlorate in rural catchments, Ontario, Canada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137426. [PMID: 32325562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative information about fluxes of perchlorate in the environment is lacking. This study reports analyses of perchlorate in various environmental waters sampled from rural headwater catchments in the Thames River basin in southern Ontario (Canada) that provide evidence about the fluxes and fate of perchlorate in the environment. Concentrations in streams (16 to 1047 ng/L) were used to estimate exports from these rural catchments (228-1843 mg/(ha·year)), atmospheric deposition (1480 ± 230 mg/(ha·year)), as well as variable rates of microbial degradation of perchlorate, which appeared to be enhanced in catchments with higher percentages of wetlands. Groundwater data supported earlier evidence that degradation of perchlorate occurs in the subsurface under oxygen-depleted conditions. The stream data suggest that the rate of degradation varies strongly between catchments and ranges up to >1000 mg/(ha·year).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale R Van Stempvoort
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada.
| | - D Ross MacKay
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Susan J Brown
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Pamela Collins
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
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46
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Calderón R, Palma P, Eltit K, Arancibia-Miranda N, Silva-Moreno E, Yu W. Field study on the uptake, accumulation and risk assessment of perchlorate in a soil-chard/spinach system: Impact of agronomic practices and fertilization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137411. [PMID: 32145491 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of excessive fertilizer represents a primary source of entry for perchlorate into crop systems and thus has raised widespread concern regarding food safety. Several studies have reported the occurrence of perchlorate in vegetables. However, limited information is available on the fate of perchlorate in the soil-plant system. In this study, we performed field experiments to evaluate the effects of the application rate of Chilean nitrate fertilizer and the type of fertilization (manual or fertigation) on the uptake of perchlorate by plants grown in open fields. Interestingly, in the control, chard and spinach accumulated 21.3 and 25.9 μg kg-1, respectively. For both agronomic practices, the content of perchlorate in chard and spinach increased as the fertilizer application rate increased, with fertigation promoting more significant accumulations. Spinach accumulated almost two times more perchlorate than chard for all treatments; however, the concentrations generally remained below regulatory values. The intake of spinach and chard presented a low risk to human health for all age groups. These findings enhance our understanding of the environmental impact of the use of fertilizers in agriculture and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Calderón
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Segundo Piso, Santiago, Chile.
| | - P Palma
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública, Ambiental y Laboral, Servicio Regional Ministerial, Ministerio de Salud, Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - K Eltit
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Geográfica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador B. O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Arancibia-Miranda
- Facultad de Química and Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Casilla 40, C.P. 33, Santiago 9170022, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, Santiago 9170124, Chile
| | - E Silva-Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
| | - W Yu
- Facultad de Química and Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Casilla 40, C.P. 33, Santiago 9170022, Chile; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
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47
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Liao Z, Cao D, Gao Z, Zhang S. Occurrence of perchlorate in processed foods manufactured in China. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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48
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Li H, Zhou L, Lin H, Zhang W, Xia S. Nitrate effects on perchlorate reduction in a H 2/CO 2-based biofilm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133564. [PMID: 31400688 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The H2/CO2-based membrane biofilm reactor (H2/CO2-MBfR) that effectively combines microporous diffusions of H2 and CO2 is efficient in removing perchlorate (ClO4-). Nitrate (NO3-) is a common oxidized contaminant frequently coexists with ClO4- in water, with the NO3- concentration in most ClO4--contaminated waters being several orders of magnitude higher than ClO4-. Determining the effect of NO3- on ClO4- reduction is a critical issue in practice. The ClO4- reduction performance, biofilm microbial community and influencing mechanism were investigated under a series of feed NO3- loadings in this work. ClO4- reduction was slightly promoted when NO3--N levels were <10 mg/L and inhibited at higher NO3--N levels. Denitrification competed more strongly for H2 than ClO4- reduction, regardless of H2 availability. A higher NO3--N loading was a strong driving force to change the biofilm microbial community. Betaproteobacteria were the dominant bacteria at all stages, and the biofilm reactor was enriched in Methyloversatilis and Zoogloea (31.9-56.5% and 10.6-25.8%, respectively). Changes in the relative amounts of Methyloversatilis and Zoogloea coincided with changes in the ClO4- fluxes and removal efficiencies and the relative abundances of nitrogen cycle functional genes. These results suggest that Methyloversatilis and Zoogloea likely follow independent reduction mechanisms for ClO4- removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Li
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Hua Lin
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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