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Rafieepour A, Azari MR, Alimohammadi I, Farshad AA. The potential of Gol-e-Gohar iron ore mine airborne dust to induce toxicity in human lung A549 cells. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39388719 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2024.2406235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Airborne particulates in iron ore mining are a risk factor for adverse human lung effects. In this study, fine particulates deposited on surfaces of about 1.5 m above the ground and 6 meters from a milling unit of the Gol-e-Gohar iron ore mine were collected through wipe sampling. Dust particles less than 5 µm in diameter were separated with an electronic sieve. Aliquots were prepared from the sieved iron ore dust estimated to be equivalent to respiratory exposure in the iron ore mill in the concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 250 µg/mL, which were intended to represent equivalent inhaled doses from working one month to a working life (25 years) in the mine. The airborne concentration of respirable particles was about five times the threshold limit value given (TLV®) for iron oxide published by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. The in vitro toxicity range was estimated to be equivalent to an accumulated dose associated with working from one month to a working life in the mine. Treatment of the A549 cells resulted in decreased dehydrogenase activity and cell glutathione content and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane permeability, and cell apoptosis-necrosis rates. The results of this study revealed the possibility of lung damage at cell doses for respirable airborne iron oxide particles estimated to be equivalent to accumulated lifetime exposures among Gol-e-Gohar miners. Further studies are recommended to investigate the effect of actual contaminants in the workplace on the occurrence of health effects on workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Rafieepour
- Occupational Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour R Azari
- School of Public Health, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Alimohammadi
- Occupational Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Farshad
- Occupational Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Zhang Y, Han Y, Dong L, Deng X, Ye D, Shao S. Spatiotemporal variations and source on black carbon over Chongqing, China: Long-term changes and observational experiments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174127. [PMID: 38908574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC), as a critical light-absorbing constituent within aerosols, exerts profound effects on atmospheric radiation balance, climate, air quality and human health, etc. And it is also a long-standing focus in rapidly developing megacities. So, this study primarily focuses on investigating the variation characteristics and underlying causes of BC in Chongqing (31,914,300 population), which is one of the municipalities directly under the central government of China, serving as a pivotal economic hub in southwest China. Utilizing MERRA-2 reanalysis data, we examined the long-term changes of atmospheric BC over Chongqing 20 years (from 2002 to 2021). Moreover, BC mass concentration observations were conducted using an Aethalometer (AE-33) from March 15 to June 14, 2021 in Liangping District, Chongqing. The statistical analysis over the last 20 years reveals an annual mean BC concentration in Chongqing of 3.42 ± 0.20 μg/m3, exhibiting growth from 2002 to 2008, followed by a decline from 2008 to 2021. Monthly concentration displays a "U-shaped" trend, with the lowest values occurring in summer and the highest in winter. Due to topographical and meteorological influences, local emissions primarily contribute to BC pollution, characterized by a spatial distribution pattern of high in the west and low in the east. Ground observation indicates a distinct dual-peaked pattern in the diurnal variation of BC, with peak concentrations aligning with periods of high traffic emissions. The variation in BC is significantly influenced by meteorological conditions (wind, temperature, atmospheric boundary layer) and local pollution sources (predominantly traffic). Furthermore, extreme events analysis suggests that local emissions and regional transport (with higher contributions from Chongqing and the Sichuan Basin) predominantly contributed to BC pollution. This study effectively makes up for the deficiency in analyzing the distribution and sources of BC pollution in Chongqing, providing valuable scientific insights for the atmospheric environment of megacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- Advanced Science & Technology of Space and Atmospheric Physics Group (ASAG), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yong Han
- Advanced Science & Technology of Space and Atmospheric Physics Group (ASAG), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Li Dong
- Advanced Science & Technology of Space and Atmospheric Physics Group (ASAG), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Ximing Deng
- Advanced Science & Technology of Space and Atmospheric Physics Group (ASAG), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Advanced Science & Technology of Space and Atmospheric Physics Group (ASAG), School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Shiyong Shao
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Goswami G, Bamola S, Agarwal M, Goyal I, Chopra A, Pandey A, Lakhani A. Chemical composition, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity of urban submicron particulate matter (PM 1) in Agra, India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176505. [PMID: 39341250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
This study, conducted in Agra, India, examined the mass concentrations, chemical compositions, and seasonal variations of submicron particles (PM1). The concentrations of metals, water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs) including anions (F-, Cl-, NO₃-, SO₄2-) and cations (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, NH₄+, Na+), organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM1 extract were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Ion Chromatography, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) respectively. For morphological observation of PM1 particles, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (FESEM-EDS) was used. The annual average concentration of PM1 was 82.9 ± 33.4 μg/m3, which exceeds the World Health Organisation's (WHO) safe limit for PM2.5 of 5 μg/m3 by a factor of 17. The PM1 mass composition included metals (31 %), WSIs (28 %), OC and EC (9.8 %), and PAHs (0.4 %). Winter recorded the highest PM1 concentration (96.1 ± 25.8 μg/m3), followed by post-monsoon, summer, and monsoon seasons. The average concentration of PAHs was 364.6 ± 226.6 ng/m3. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) identified traffic, emissions from biomass/coal and wood combustion, industrial/stationary sources, and secondary aerosols as potential contributors. The Ames test revealed the presence of frameshift mutations and base pair substitutions, especially in winter and post-monsoon. Additionally, PM1 exhibited cytotoxic effects on V-79 cells, with heightened toxicity during winter and prolonged exposure in other seasons. This study underscores the urgent need to address local emission sources and establish regulatory standards for PM1 in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India
| | - Simran Bamola
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India
| | - Muskan Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India
| | - Isha Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India
| | - Amla Chopra
- Department of Zoology, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India.
| | - Alok Pandey
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, India.
| | - Anita Lakhani
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India.
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Liao J, Wen J, Wei C, Zhuang R, Giri M, Guo S. Association between blood heavy metal element and all-cause mortality in asthmatic adults: a cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20457. [PMID: 39227630 PMCID: PMC11372036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma start, development, and exacerbation have all been linked in numerous studies to exposure to a variety of metal elements. However, there is still a dearth of epidemiological data linking heavy metal exposure to death in asthmatics. The investigation included 2432 eligible adults with asthma. The study examined the possible correlation between blood heavy metal levels and all-cause mortality. This was done by utilizing Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), threshold effect models, and CoxBoost models. Subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between blood metal levels and all-cause mortality among distinct asthmatic populations. An inverse association was found between blood selenium and all-cause mortality in asthmatics, while blood manganese showed a positive association with all-cause mortality. However, there were no significant connections found between blood lead, cadmium, mercury, and all-cause mortality via multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. In model 3, after accounting for all factors, all-cause mortality dropped by 10% for every additional 10 units of blood selenium (μg/L) and increased by 6% for every additional unit of blood manganese (μg/L). The RCS and threshold effect model found a U-shaped correlation between blood selenium, blood manganese, and all-cause mortality. The lowest all-cause mortality among asthmatics was observed when blood selenium and manganese were 188.66 μg/L and 8.47 μg/L, respectively. Our investigation found a U-shaped correlation between blood selenium levels, blood manganese levels, and all-cause mortality in asthmatic populations. Optimizing dietary selenium intake and effectively managing manganese exposure could potentially improve the prognosis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chengcheng Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rongjuan Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mohan Giri
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Ahmad S, Single S, Liu Y, Hough KP, Wang Y, Thannickal VJ, Athar M, Goliwas KF, Deshane JS. Heavy Metal Exposure-Mediated Dysregulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:978. [PMID: 39199224 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals (HMs) is often associated with inflammation and cell death, exacerbating respiratory diseases including asthma. Most inhaled particulate HM exposures result in the deposition of HM-bound fine particulate matter, PM2.5, in pulmonary cell populations. While localized high concentrations of HMs may be a causative factor, existing studies have mostly evaluated the effects of systemic or low-dose chronic HM exposures. This report investigates the impact of local high concentrations of specific HMs (NaAsO2, MnCl2, and CdCl2) on sphingolipid homeostasis and oxidative stress, as both play a role in mediating responses to HM exposure and have been implicated in asthma. Utilizing an in vitro model system and three-dimensional ex vivo human tissue models, we evaluated the expression of enzymatic regulators of the salvage, recycling, and de novo synthesis pathways of sphingolipid metabolism, and observed differential modulation in these enzymes between HM exposures. Sphingolipidomic analyses of specific HM-exposed cells showed increased levels of anti-apoptotic sphingolipids and reduced pro-apoptotic sphingolipids, suggesting activation of the salvage and de novo synthesis pathways. Differential sphingolipid regulation was observed within HM-exposed lung tissues, with CdCl2 exposure and NaAsO2 exposure activating the salvage and de novo synthesis pathway, respectively. Additionally, using spatial transcriptomics and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified HM exposure-induced transcriptomic signatures of oxidative stress in epithelial cells and human lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheer Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Sierra Single
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Kenneth P Hough
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine and Southeast Veterans Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119-6535, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kayla F Goliwas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
| | - Jessy S Deshane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
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Shi C, Zhi J, Zhao H, Wang W, Zhang H, Zhou G, Fu X, Ba Y. Risk of heavy metal(loid) compositions in fine particulate matter on acute cardiovascular mortality: a poisson analysis in Anyang, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:1275-1286. [PMID: 38625430 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Associations between PM2.5 compositions and cardiovascular disease are a point of special interest but inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the cardiovascular effects of heavy metal(loid) compositions in PM2.5. Data for mortality, air pollutants and meteorological factors in Anyang, China from 2017 to 2021 were collected. Heavy metal(loid) in PM2.5 were monitored and examined monthly. A Case-crossover design was applied to the estimated data set. The interquartile range increase in cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) at lag 1 was associated with increment of 8.1% (95% CI: 3.3, 13.2), 4.8% (95% CI: 0.2, 9.5) and 3.5% (95% CI: 1.1, 6.0) cardiovascular mortality. Selenium in lag 2 was inversely associated with cerebrovascular mortality (RR = 0.920 95% CI: 0.862, 0.983). Current-day exposure of aluminum was positively associated with mortality from ischemic heart disease (RR = 1.083 95% CI: 1.001, 1.172). Stratified analysis indicated sex, age and season modified the cardiovascular effects of As (P < 0.05). Our study reveals that heavy metal(loid) play key roles in adverse effects of PM2.5. Cd, Sb and As were significant risk factors of cardiovascular mortality. These findings have potential implications for accurate air pollutants control and management to improve public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
- Department of Public Health, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhi
- Department of Public Health, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Wan Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Examination, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Hongjin Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, 455000, PR China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
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Zhang L, Yao M. Ambient particle composition and toxicity in 31 major cities in China. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:505-515. [PMID: 38933208 PMCID: PMC11197799 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Current assessment of air quality or control effectiveness is solely based on particulate matter (PM) mass levels, without considering their toxicity differences in terms of health benefits. Here, we collected a total of 465 automobile air conditioning filters from 31 major Chinese cities to study the composition and toxicity of PM at a national scale. Dithiothreitol assay showed that normalized PM toxicity (NIOG) in different Chinese cities varied greatly from the highest 4.99 × 10-3 for Changsha to the lowest 7.72 × 10-4 for Yinchuan. NIOG values were observed to have significant correlations with annual PM10 concentration (r = -0.416, p = 0.020) and some PM components (total fungi, SO4 2- and calcium element). The concentrations of different elements and water-soluble ions in PM also varied by several orders of magnitude for 31 cities in China. Endotoxin concentrations in PM analyzed using limulus amebocyte lysate assay ranged from 2.88 EU/mg PM (Hangzhou) to 62.82 EU/mg PM (Shijiazhuang) among 31 Chinese cities. Besides, real-time qPCR revealed 10∼100-fold differences in total bacterial and fungal levels among 31 Chinese cities. The concentrations of chemical (water soluble ions and trace elements) and biological (fungi, bacteria and endotoxin) components in PM were found to be significantly correlated with some meteorological factors and gaseous pollutants such as SO2. Our results have demonstrated that PM toxicity from 31 major cities varied greatly up to 6.5 times difference; and components such as fungi and SO4 2- in PM could play important roles in the observed PM toxicity. The city-specific air pollution control strategy that integrates toxicity factors should be enacted in order to maximize health and economic co-benefits. This work also provides a comprehensive view on the overall PM pollution situation in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Maosheng Yao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Yu H, Li M, Zheng X, Zhu M, Zheng Z, Xie T, Yan G, Hu P, Cao Z, Feng J, Sun J. Potential source and health risks of black carbon based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data in a typical industrial city of North China Plain. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120367. [PMID: 38387352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) significantly affects climate, environmental quality, and human health. This study utilised Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), which can compensate for the shortcomings of ground BC monitoring in spatial-temporal distribution to study the pollution characteristics of BC and potential pollution sources in a typical industrial city (Xinxiang) with serious air pollution in northern China. The results showed that average daily ground observation and MERRA-2 concentration of BC of 7.33 μg m-3 and 9.52 μg m-3. The mean BC concentration derived from MERRA-2 reanalysis data was higher than ground measurement due to resolution limitations and pollution from the northern regions. The reliability of the MERRA-2 data was confirmed through correlation analysis. Consideration of the spatial distribution of BC from MERRA-2 and incorporating the potential source contribution function (PSCF), concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT), and emission inventory, other possible source areas and primary sources of BC in Xinxiang were investigated. The results indicated that implementing transportation and residential emission control measures in Henan Province and its surrounding provinces, such as Hebei Province, will effectively decrease the BC level in Xinxiang City. A passively smoked cigarettes model was used to evaluate the risk of BC exposure. The percentage of lung function decrement (PLFD) was the highest in school-age children, while the impact on lung cancer (LC) health risk was comparatively lower. Notably, the BC health risk in Xinxiang was lower than in most cities across Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China.
| | - Menghui Li
- State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xueqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhensen Zheng
- State Key Lab of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Tianyi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Pengtuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China.
| | - Jinglan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environment Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, PR China
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9
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Meng F, Cao R, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Liu M, Wang J, Chen J, Geng N. A nationwide investigation on the characteristics and health risk of trace elements in surface water across China. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121076. [PMID: 38171178 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization accelerates the release of anthropogenic heavy metals from local to wider water systems, posing a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and public health. The characteristics of trace elements were investigated to evaluate the environmental status of surface water in 40 cities of China. The concentrations of 22 elements in surface water ranged from 7.00 × 10-4 to 4.37 × 105 μg/L. The water quality can be classified as "excellent" except Songhuajiang. The levels of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg are all within the limits permitted by national drinking water quality standards. An obvious regional distribution characteristic was observed, with concentrations of Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, U, and Cr higher in surface water collected in the north than in the south, while the trends for Cd, Tl, and As are opposite. Notably, Tl shows significant geographical divergences, with the level of surface water collected from the south nine times higher than that from the north. The regional distribution of the mineral, industrial, or agricultural activity might be responsible for the south-to-north difference of these elements. The hazard index (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) through oral or dermal contact with water-related heavy metals were further calculated. The average HI was 0.54 in the north and 0.29 in the south for adults, while HI for children was relatively higher. The value was 1.01 and 0.55 in the north and south, respectively. TCR in the north is 2.58 × 10-4 and mainly contributed by Cr (88.1 %), while TCR in the south is 4.48 × 10-5 and mainly contributed by As (98.4 %). The research results can provide essential data for effective water resources management and human health protection in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyu Meng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rong Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China.
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Technology of Heilongjiang Academy of Science, China
| | - Manxue Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Wang L, Gao K, Li W, Lu L. Research progress on the characteristics, sources, and environmental and potential health effects of water-soluble organic compounds in atmospheric particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11472-11489. [PMID: 38198085 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) have received extensive attention due to their indistinct chemical components, complex sources, negative environmental impact, and potential health effects. To the best of our knowledge, until now, there has been no comprehensive review focused on the research progress of WSOCs. This paper reviewed the studies on chemical constituent and characterization, distribution condition, sources, environmental impact, as well as the potential health effects of WSOCs in the past 13 years. Moreover, the main existing challenges and directions for the future research on WSOCs were discussed from several aspects. Because of the complex composition of WSOCs and many unknown individual components that have not been detected, there is still a need for the identification and quantification of WSOCs. As modern people spend more time in indoor environments, it is meaningful to fill the gaps in the component characteristics and sources of indoor WSOCs. In addition, although in vitro cell experiments have shown that WSOCs could induce cellular oxidative stress and trigger the inflammatory response, the corresponding mechanisms of action need to be further explored. The current population epidemiology research of WSOCs is missing. Prospectively, we propose to conduct a comprehensive and simultaneous analysis strategy for concentration screening, source apportionment, potential health effects, and action mechanisms of WSOCs based on high throughput omics coupled with machine learning simulation and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing On Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing On Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing On Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing On Regional Air Pollution Control, Department of Environmental Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
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11
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Jaén C, Titos G, Castillo S, Casans A, Rejano F, Cazorla A, Herrero J, Alados-Arboledas L, Grimalt JO, van Drooge BL. Diurnal source apportionment of organic and inorganic atmospheric particulate matter at a high-altitude mountain site under summer conditions (Sierra Nevada; Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167178. [PMID: 37730028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
High-altitude mountain areas are sentinel ecosystems for global environmental changes such as anthropogenic pollution. In this study, we report a source apportionment of particulate material with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm (PM10) in a high-altitude site in southern Europe (Sierra Nevada Station; SNS (2500 m a.s.l.)) during summer 2021. The emission sources and atmospheric secondary processes that determine the composition of aerosol particles in Sierra Nevada National Park (Spain) are identified from the concentrations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), 12 major inorganic compounds, 18 trace elements and 44 organic molecular tracer compounds in PM10 filter samples collected during day- and nighttime. The multivariate analysis of the joint dataset resolved five main PM10 sources: 1) Saharan dust, 2) advection from the urbanized valley, 3) local combustion, 4) smoke from a fire-event, and 5) aerosol from regional recirculation with high contribution of particles from secondary inorganic and organic aerosol formation processes. PM sources were clearly associated with synoptic meteorological conditions, and day- and nighttime circulation patterns typical of mountainous areas. Although a local pollution source was identified, the contribution of this source to PM10, OC and EC was small. Our results evidence the strong influence of middle- and long-range transport of aerosols, mainly from anthropogenic origin, on the aerosol chemical composition at this remote site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Jaén
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Titos
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Castillo
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Casans
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Rejano
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Cazorla
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Herrero
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Lucas Alados-Arboledas
- Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), University of Granada, Avenida del Mediterráneo sn, 18071 Granada, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barend L van Drooge
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Gu HJ, Ahn JS, Ahn GJ, Shin SH, Ryu BY. Restoration of PM2.5-induced spermatogonia GC-1 cellular damage by parthenolide via suppression of autophagy and inflammation: An in vitro study. Toxicology 2023; 499:153651. [PMID: 37858773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) generated by environmental and air pollution is known to have detrimental effects on human health. Among these, PM2.5 particles (diameter < 2.5 µm) can breach the alveolar-capillary barrier and disseminate to other organs, posing significant health risks. Numerous studies have shown that PMs can harm various organs, including the reproductive system. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the harmful effects of PM2.5 on mouse GC-1 spermatogonia cells (GC-1 spg cells) and to verify the ameliorative effects of parthenolide (PTL) treatment on damaged GC-1 spg cells. We observed a significant dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation after PM2.5 concentration of 2.5 μg/cm2. Additionally, treatment with 20 μg/cm2 PM2.5 concentration significantly increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG7, the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, and decreased phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure augmented inflammation mediator gene expressions, the phosphorylation of the inflammation-related transcription factor NF-κB p65 at Ser536, and ubiquitination. Treatment of PM2.5-exposed GC-1 spg cells with PTL significantly reduced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG7 and LC3-II, leading to a statistically significant recovery in cell proliferation. Together, our findings elucidated the detrimental effects of PM2.5 exposure on male germ cells, and the restorative properties of PTL against air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Gu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seop Ahn
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gi Jeong Ahn
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Shin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Buom-Yong Ryu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Akl FMA, Ahmed SI, El-Sheekh MM, Makhlof MEM. Bioremediation of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals from wastewater using seaweeds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104814-104832. [PMID: 37713082 PMCID: PMC10567841 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The removal of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals from wastewater using three dried seaweeds Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus (green alga), Sargassum latifolium (Turner) C.Agardh (brown alga), and Corallina officinalis Kützing (red alga) has been shown to evaluate their potential usage as inexpensive adsorbents. Under natural environmental conditions, numerous analytical methods, including zeta potential, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), SEM, and FT-IR, are used in this study. The results showed that n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorption increased with increasing contact time for all three selected algae, with a large removal observed after 15 days, while the optimal contact time for heavy metal removal was 3 h. S. latifolium dry biomass had more potential as bioadsorbent, followed by C. officinalis and then U. intestinalis. S. latifolium attained removal percentages of 65.14%, 72.50%, and 78.92% for light n-alkanes, heavy n-alkanes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), respectively, after 15 days. Furthermore, it achieved removal percentages of 94.14, 92.62, 89.54, 87.54, 82.76, 80.95, 77.78, 73.02, and 71.62% for Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Pb, Cd, Mn, and Ni, respectively, after 3 h. Carboxyl and hydroxyl from FTIR analysis took part in wastewater treatment. The zeta potentials revealed that algal cells have a negatively charged surface, and the cell surface of S. latifolium has a more negative surface charge than U. intestinalis and C. officinalis. Our study suggests that seaweeds could play an important role in wastewater treatment and thus help as an economical, effective, and ecofriendly bioremediation system for ecological health and life protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza M A Akl
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Suzan I Ahmed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Mofida E M Makhlof
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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14
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Varela Z, Martínez-Abaigar J, Tomás-Las-Heras R, Fernández JÁ, Del-Castillo-Alonso MÁ, Núñez-Olivera E. Tree Physiological Variables as a Proxy of Heavy Metal and Platinum Group Elements Pollution in Urban Areas. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1180. [PMID: 37759580 PMCID: PMC10526008 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Physiological variables (the content of chlorophyll, flavonoids and nitrogen, together with Fv/Fm) and the content of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V and Zn) and two platinum group elements (PGEs: Pd and Rh) were measured in the leaves of 50 individuals of Ligustrum lucidum trees regularly distributed in the city of Logroño (Northern Spain). Three of these variables increased with increasing physiological vitality (chlorophyll, nitrogen and Fv/Fm), whereas flavonoids increased in response to different abiotic stresses, including pollution. Our aim was to test their adequacy as proxies for the pollution due to heavy metals and PGEs. The three vitality indicators generally showed high values typical of healthy plants, and they did not seem to be consistently affected by the different pollutants. In fact, the three vitality variables were positively correlated with the first factor of a PCA that was dominated by heavy metals (mainly Pb, but also Sb, V and Ni). In addition, Fv/Fm was negatively correlated with the second factor of the PCA, which was dominated by PGEs, but the trees showing Fv/Fm values below the damage threshold did not coincide with those showing high PGE content. Regarding flavonoid content, it was negatively correlated with PCA factors dominated by heavy metals, which did not confirm its role as a protectant against metal stress. The relatively low levels of pollution usually found in the city of Logroño, together with the influence of other environmental factors and the relative tolerance of Ligustrum lucidum to modest atmospheric pollution, probably determined the only slight response of the physiological variables to heavy metals and PGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Varela
- CRETUS, Ecology Unit, Department Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Javier Martínez-Abaigar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (J.M.-A.); (R.T.-L.-H.); (M.-Á.D.-C.-A.); (E.N.-O.)
| | - Rafael Tomás-Las-Heras
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (J.M.-A.); (R.T.-L.-H.); (M.-Á.D.-C.-A.); (E.N.-O.)
| | - José Ángel Fernández
- CRETUS, Ecology Unit, Department Functional Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - María-Ángeles Del-Castillo-Alonso
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (J.M.-A.); (R.T.-L.-H.); (M.-Á.D.-C.-A.); (E.N.-O.)
| | - Encarnación Núñez-Olivera
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (J.M.-A.); (R.T.-L.-H.); (M.-Á.D.-C.-A.); (E.N.-O.)
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15
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Wang Y, Li Y, Gao Y, Kang J, Wang W, Yong YL, Qu X, Dang X, Shang D, Shao Y, Liu J, Chang Y, Zhao L. Fine particulate matter exposure disturbs autophagy, redox balance and mitochondrial homeostasis via JNK activation to inhibit proliferation and promote EMT in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115134. [PMID: 37331288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between fine particulate matter (FPM) exposure and the high risk of respiratory diseases. FPM can penetrate deep into the lung and deposit in the alveoli with breath, where it directly interacts with alveolar epithelial cell (APC). However, we know little about the effects nor mechanisms of FPM on APC. Here, using human APC A549 cells, we found that FPM resulted in blockade of autophagic flux, redox imbalance and oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation, increased mitophagy and impaired mitochondrial respiration. Further we showed that activation of JNK signaling (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and excessive ROS (reactive oxygen species) release contribute to these adverse effects, with the former being upstream of the latter. More importantly, we found that scavenging ROS or inhibiting JNK activation could restore those effects as well as ameliorate FPM-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in A549 cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that FPM leads to toxicity in alveolar type II cells via JNK activation, and JNK-targeting or antioxidant strategies might be beneficial for prevention or treatment of FPM-related pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Yilin Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Jiahao Kang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Yu-Le Yong
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Xiaomin Dang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China; School of Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.
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16
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Barzgar F, Sadeghi-Mohammadi S, Aftabi Y, Zarredar H, Shakerkhatibi M, Sarbakhsh P, Gholampour A. Oxidative stress indices induced by industrial and urban PM 2.5-bound metals in A549 cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162726. [PMID: 36914132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on human health are of major global concern. PM2.5-bound metals are toxic compounds that contribute to cellular damage. To investigate the toxic effects of water-soluble metals on human lung epithelial cells and their bioaccessibility to lung fluid, PM2.5 samples were collected from both urban and industrial areas in the metropolitan city of Tabriz, Iran. Oxidative stress indices, including proline content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cytotoxicity, and DNA damage levels of water-soluble components of PM2.5, were evaluated. Furthermore, an in vitro test was conducted to assess the bioaccessibility of various PM2.5-bound metals to the respiratory system using simulated lung fluid. PM2.5 average concentrations in urban and industrial areas were 83.11 and 97.71 μg/m3, respectively. The cytotoxicity effects of PM2.5 water-soluble constituents from urban areas were significantly higher than in industrial areas and the IC50 was found to be 96.76 ± 3.34 and 201.31 ± 5.96 μg/mL for urban and industrial PM2.5 samples, respectively. In addition, higher PM2.5 concentrations increased the proline content in a concentration-dependent manner in A549 cells, which plays a protective role against oxidative stress and prevents PM2.5-induced DNA damage. Also, the partial least squares regression revealed that Be, Cd, Co, Ni, and Cr, were significantly correlated with DNA damage and proline accumulation, which caused cell damage through oxidative stress. The results of this study showed that PM2.5-bound metals in highly polluted metropolitan city caused substantial changes in the cellular proline content, DNA damage levels and cytotoxicity in human lung A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Barzgar
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadeghi-Mohammadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shakerkhatibi
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Li X, Abdullah LC, Sobri S, Md Said MS, Hussain SA, Aun TP, Hu J. Long-Term Air Pollution Characteristics and Multi-scale Meteorological Factor Variability Analysis of Mega-mountain Cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2023; 234:328. [PMID: 37200574 PMCID: PMC10175934 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-023-06279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, air quality has become central to global environmental policymaking. As a typical mountain megacity in the Cheng-Yu region, the air pollution in Chongqing is unique and sensitive. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the long-term annual, seasonal, and monthly variation characteristics of six major pollutants and seven meteorological parameters. The emission distribution of major pollutants is also discussed. The relationship between pollutants and the multi-scale meteorological conditions was explored. The results indicate that particulate matter (PM), SO2 and NO2 showed a "U-shaped" variation, while O3 showed an "inverted U-shaped" seasonal variation. Industrial emissions accounted for 81.84%, 58% and 80.10% of the total SO2, NOx and dust pollution emissions, respectively. The correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 was strong (R = 0.98). In addition, PM only showed a significant negative correlation with O3. On the contrary, PM showed a significant positive correlation with other gaseous pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO). O3 is only negatively correlated with relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. These findings provide an accurate and effective countermeasure for the coordinated management of air pollution in Cheng-Yu region and the formulation of the regional carbon peaking roadmap. Furthermore, it can improve the prediction accuracy of air pollution under multi-scale meteorological factors, promote effective emission reduction paths and policies in the region, and provide references for related epidemiological research. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11270-023-06279-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- Xichang University, No. 1 Xuefu Road, Anning Town, Xichang City, 615000 Sichuan Province China
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Shafreeza Sobri
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Syazarudin Md Said
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Siti Aslina Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Tan Poh Aun
- SOx NOx Asia Sdn Bhd, UEP Subang Jaya, 47620 Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Jinzhao Hu
- Xichang University, No. 1 Xuefu Road, Anning Town, Xichang City, 615000 Sichuan Province China
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18
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Dos Santos-Silva JC, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Medeiros SHW, da Silva LV, Ferreira DV, Moreira CAB, de Souza Zorzenão PC, Pauliquevis T, Godoi AFL, de Souza RAF, Yamamoto CI, Godoi RHM. A new strategy for risk assessment of PM 2.5-bound elements by considering the influence of wind regimes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162131. [PMID: 36773898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For regulatory purposes, air pollution has been reduced to management of air quality control regions (AQCR), by inventorying pollution sources and identifying the receptors significantly affected. However, beyond being source-dependent, particulate matter can be physically and chemically altered by factors and elements of climate during transport, as they act as local environmental constraints, indirectly modulating the adverse effects of particles on the environment and human health. This case study, at an industrial site in a Brazilian coastal city - Joinville, combines different methodologies to integrate atmospheric dynamics in a strategic risk assessment approach whereby the influence of different wind regimes on environmental and health risks of exposure to PM2.5-bound elements, are analysed. Although Joinville AQCR has been prone to stagnation/recirculation events, distinctly different horizontal wind circulation patterns indicate two airsheds within the region. The two sampling sites mirrored these two conditions and as a result we report different PM2.5 mass concentrations, chemical profiles, geo-accumulation, and ecological and human health risks. In addition, feedback mechanisms between the airsheds seem to aggravate the air quality and its effects even under good ventilation conditions. Recognizably, the risks associated with Co, Pb, Cu, Ni, Mn, and Zn loadings were extremely high for the environment as well as being the main contributors to elevated non-carcinogenic risks. Meanwhile, higher carcinogenic risks occurred during stagnation/recirculation conditions, with Cr as the major threat. These results highlight the importance of integrating local airshed characteristics into the risk assessment of PM2.5-bound elements since they can aggravate air pollution leading to different risks at a granular scale. This new approach to risk assessment can be employed in any city's longer-term development plan since it provides public authorities with a strategic perspective on incorporating environmental constraints into urban growth planning and development zoning regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanja Potgieter-Vermaak
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Department of Natural Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom; Molecular Science Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sandra Helena Westrupp Medeiros
- Department of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering, University of the Region of Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Vitor da Silva
- Department of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering, University of the Region of Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Danielli Ventura Ferreira
- Department of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering, University of the Region of Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Theotonio Pauliquevis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Itsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Henrique Moreton Godoi
- Postgraduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Gokul T, Kumar KR, Veeramanikandan V, Arun A, Balaji P, Faggio C. Impact of Particulate Pollution on Aquatic Invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104146. [PMID: 37164218 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A serious global problem, air pollution poses a risk to both human and environmental health. It contains hazardous material like heavy metals, nanoparticles, and others that can create an impact on both land and marine environments. Particulate pollutants, which can enter water systems through a variety of ways, including precipitation and industrial runoff, can have a particularly adverse influence on aquatic invertebrates. Once in the water, these particles can harm aquatic invertebrates physically, physiologically, and molecularly, resulting in developmental problems and multi-organ toxicity. Further research at the cellular and molecular levels in numerous locations of the world is necessary to completely understand the impacts of particle pollution on aquatic invertebrates. Understanding how particle pollution affects aquatic invertebrates is vital as the significance of ecotoxicological studies on particulate contaminants increases. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of how particle pollution affects aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilselvan Gokul
- PG and Research Centre in Zoology, Vivekananda College, Tiruvedakam (West), Madurai, TN, India
| | - Kamatchi Ramesh Kumar
- PG and Research Centre in Zoology, Vivekananda College, Tiruvedakam (West), Madurai, TN, India
| | | | - Alagarsamy Arun
- Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, TN, India
| | - Paulraj Balaji
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Hosur, TN, India.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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Shetaya WH, Bailey EH, Young SD, Mohamed EF, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J, Shaheen SM, Marzouk ER. Soil and plant contamination by potentially toxic and emerging elements and the associated human health risk in some Egyptian environments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:359-379. [PMID: 34676511 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the origins, mobility, bioavailability and potential health risks of V, Cr, Co, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sn and Sb, which are not sufficiently studied in the terrestrial environment of Egypt. This has been carried out by employing a combination of chemical fractionation, plants uptake, mathematical modeling and risk assessment approaches on a wide range of soils and plants sampled from industrial, urban and agricultural locations across Egypt. The contents of As, Cd, Sn and Sb were elevated in the soils of some urban and industrial locations within Cairo, although their soil geo-accumulation (Igeo) indices remained ≤ 2, indicating only moderate contamination. Selenium showed moderate to heavy contamination levels (Igeo up to 4.7) in all sampling locations, and Sb was highly elevated (Igeo = 7.1; extreme contamination) in one industrial location. Therefore, Se was the most important contributor to the pollution load followed by Sb and Cd. Both principle component analysis (of total content) and geochemical fractionation (by sequential extraction) suggested that V, Cr and Co are mostly of geogenic origin, while Se and Sb contents appear to be highly influenced by anthropogenic inputs. The most mobile and bioavailable element was Cd with a large non-residual fraction in all soils (76% of total Cd). The bio-concentration factors of Cd in leafy and fruiting plants were 50 times larger than other elements (except Mo) indicating preferential systematic plant uptake of Cd. Risk assessment models showed an overall low noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to the population of Egypt due to the studied elements with only a few anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed H Shetaya
- Air Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Elizabeth H Bailey
- Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Scott D Young
- Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Elham F Mohamed
- Air Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.
- Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33 516, Egypt.
| | - Ezzat R Marzouk
- Division of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, North Sinai, 45516, Egypt.
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Yuan Y, Zhang X, Zhao J, Shen F, Nie D, Wang B, Wang L, Xing M, Hegglin MI. Characteristics, health risks, and premature mortality attributable to ambient air pollutants in four functional areas in Jining, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1075262. [PMID: 36741959 PMCID: PMC9893643 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1075262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the leading causes for global deaths and understanding pollutant emission sources is key to successful mitigation policies. Air quality data in the urban, suburban, industrial, and rural areas (UA, SA, IA, and RA) of Jining, Shandong Province in China, were collected to compare the characteristics and associated health risks. The average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO show differences of -3.87, -16.67, -19.24, -15.74, and -8.37% between 2017 and 2018. On the contrary, O3 concentrations increased by 4.50%. The four functional areas exhibited the same seasonal variations and diurnal patterns in air pollutants, with the highest exposure excess risks (ERs) resulting from O3. More frequent ER days occurred within the 25-30°C, but much larger ERs are found within the 0-5°C temperature range, attributed to higher O3 pollution in summer and more severe PM pollution in winter. The premature deaths attributable to six air pollutants can be calculated in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Investigations on the potential source show that the ER of O3 (r of 0.86) had the tightest association with the total ER. The bivariate polar plots indicated that the highest health-based air quality index (HAQI) in IA influences the HAQI in UA and SA by pollution transport, and thus can be regarded as the major pollutant emission source in Jining. The above results indicate that urgent measures should be taken to reduce O3 pollution taking into account the characteristics of the prevalent ozone formation regime, especially in IA in Jining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Jining Meteorological Bureau, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Jining Meteorological Bureau, Shandong, China
| | | | - Fuzhen Shen
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-7: Stratosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany,Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Fuzhen Shen ✉
| | - Dongyang Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Henley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Wang
- Jining Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyue Xing
- Business School, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Liaoning, China
| | - Michaela I. Hegglin
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-7: Stratosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany,Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Michaela I. Hegglin ✉
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Moufarrej L, Verdin A, Cazier F, Ledoux F, Courcot D. Oxidative stress response in pulmonary cells exposed to different fractions of PM 2.5-0.3 from urban, traffic and industrial sites. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114572. [PMID: 36244444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between oxidative stress damages and particulate matter (PM) chemical composition, sources, and PM fractions. PM2.5-0.3 (PM with equivalent aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 0.3 μm) were collected at urban, road traffic and industrial sites in the North of France, and were characterized for major and minor chemical species. Four different fractions (whole PM2.5-0.3, organic, water-soluble and non-extractable matter) were considered for each of the PM2.5-0.3 samples from the three sites. After exposure of BEAS-2B cells to the four different fractions, oxidative stress was studied in cells by quantifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, oxidative damage to proteins (carbonylated proteins), membrane alteration (8-isoprostane) and DNA damages (8-OHdG). Whole PM2.5-0.3 was capable of inducing ROS overproduction and caused damage to proteins at higher levels than other fractions. Stronger cell membrane and DNA damages were found associated with PM and organic fractions from the urban site. ROS overproduction was correlated with level of expression of carbonylated proteins, DNA damages and membrane alteration markers. The PM2.5-0.3 collected under industrial influence appears to be the less linked to cell damages and ROS production in comparison with the other influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Moufarrej
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France.
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
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Junior SFS, Mannarino CF, de Farias Araújo G, Bila DM, Hauser-Davis RA, Saint'Pierre T, da Costa GL, Oliveira MME, Parente CET, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. A comprehensive assessment of leachate contamination at a non-operational open dumpsite: mycoflora screening, metal soil pollution indices, and ecotoxicological risks. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:243. [PMID: 36576602 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The final disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in dumpsites is still a reality worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries, leading to leachate-contaminated zones. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out soil and leachate physicochemical, microbiological, and toxicological characterizations from a non-operational dumpsite. The L-01 pond samples presented the highest physicochemical parameters, especially chloride (Cl; 4101 ± 44.8 mg L-1), electrical conductivity (EC; 10,452 ± 0.1 mS cm-1), and chemical oxygen demand (COD; 760 ± 6.6 mg L-1) indicating the presence of leachate, explained by its close proximity to the landfill cell. Pond L-03 presented higher parameters compared to pond L-02, except for N-ammoniacal and phosphorus levels, explained by the local geological configuration, configured as a slope from the landfill cell towards L-03. Seven filamentous and/or yeast fungi genera were identified, including the opportunistic pathogenic fungi Candida krusei (4 CFU) in an outcrop sample. Regarding soil samples, Br, Se, and I were present at high concentrations leading to high soil contamination (CF ≤ 6). Pond L-02 presented the highest CF for Br (18.14 ± 18.41 mg kg-1) and I (10.63 ± 3.66 mg kg-1), while pond L-03 presented the highest CF for Se (7.60 ± 1.33 mg kg-1). The most severe lethal effect for Artemia salina was observed for L-03 samples (LC50: 79.91%), while only samples from L-01 were toxic to Danio rerio (LC50: 32.99%). The highest lethality for Eisenia andrei was observed for L-02 samples (LC50: 50.30%). The applied risk characterization indicates high risk of all proposed scenarios for both aquatic (RQ 375-909) and terrestrial environments (RQ > 1.4 × 105). These findings indicate that the investigated dumpsite is contaminated by both leachate and metals, high risks to living organisms and adjacent water resources, also potentially affecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Farias Araújo
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 524 São Francisco Xavier Street, Room 5029-F, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Saint'Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, 22541-041, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisela Lara da Costa
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Manoel Marques Evangelista Oliveira
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Bloco G0, Sala 60, Subsolo, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 458 Pasteur Ave, 22290-20, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Post-Graduation Program in Public Health and Environment, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões Ave, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Environmental Health Evaluation and Promotion Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Brasil Ave, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Chang F, Yi M, Li H, Wang J, Zhao X, Hu X, Qi Q. Antibiotic Toxicity Isolated and as Binary Mixture to Freshwater Algae Raphidocelis subcapitata: Growth Inhibition, Prediction Model, and Environmental Risk Assessment. TOXICS 2022; 10:739. [PMID: 36548572 PMCID: PMC9785756 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics in aqueous environments can have extremely adverse effects on non-targeted organisms. However, many research projects have only focused on the toxicological evaluation of individual antibiotics in various environments. In the present work, individual and binary mixture toxicity experiments have been conducted with the model organism Raphidocelis subcapitata (R. subcapitata), and a mixture concentration-response curve was established and contrasted with the estimated effects on the basis of both the concentration addition (CA) and the independent action (IA) models. In addition, different risk assessment methods were used and compared to evaluate the environmental risk of binary mixtures. The toxic ranking of the selected antibiotics to R. subcapitata was erythromycin (ERY) > sulfamethoxazole (SMX) > sulfamethazine (SMZ). In general, the conclusion of this study is that the adverse effects of binary mixtures are higher than the individual antibiotics. The CA model and RQSTU are more suitable for toxicity prediction and risk assessment of binary mixtures. This study reveals the potential ecological risks that antibiotics and their mixtures may pose to water ecosystems, thus providing scientific information for environmental quality regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chang
- Marine Resources Research Centre, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Malan Yi
- Marine Resources Research Centre, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Huiting Li
- Marine Resources Research Centre, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Jiangnan Wang
- Marine Resources Research Centre, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Hanjiang Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Bureau of Hydrology, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hu
- Hanjiang Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Bureau of Hydrology, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Qianju Qi
- Marine Resources Research Centre, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Tian W, Gao P, Zong DP, Liu JJ, Zhang MY, Wang CC, Wang ZX, Wang JM, Niu YY, Xiang P. The oral bioaccessibility and gingival cytotoxicity of metal(loid)s in wild vegetables from mining areas: Implication for human oral health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1042300. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1042300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHeavy metal(loid)s are frequently detected in vegetables posing potential human health risks, especially for those grown around mining areas. However, the oral bioaccessibility and gingival cytotoxicity of heavy metals in wild vegetables remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the total and bioaccessible Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Ni in four wild vegetables from mining areas in Southwest China. In addition, the cytotoxicity and underlying mechanisms of vegetable saliva extracts on human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) were studied.ResultsThe Plantago asiatica L. (PAL) showed the highest bioaccessible Cr, As, Cd, and Pb, while the greatest bioaccessible Ni was in Taraxacum mongolicum (TMM). The Pteridium aquilinum (PAM), Chenopodium album L. (CAL), and TMM extracts decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, caused DNA damage, and disrupted associated gene expressions. However, PAL extracts which have the highest bioaccessible heavy metals did not present adverse effects on HGEC, which may be due to its inhibition of apoptosis by upregulating p53 and Bcl-2.ConclusionOur results indicated that polluted vegetable intake caused toxic effects on human gingiva. The heavy metals in vegetables were not positively related to human health risks. Collectively, both bioaccessibility and toxic data should be considered for accurate risk assessment.
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Wu K, Meng Y, Gong Y, Zhang X, Wu L, Ding X, Chen X. Surveillance of long-term environmental elements and PM 2.5 health risk assessment in Yangtze River Delta, China, from 2016 to 2020. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81993-82005. [PMID: 35737270 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 metal pollution significantly harms human health. The air quality in Wuxi is poor, especially in winter, and long-term monitoring of PM2.5 elements comprising has not been performed previously. In the present study, 420 PM2.5 samples were collected from January 2016 to December 2020. Eleven elements, including Al, Mn, Ni, Cr, As, Cd, Sb, Hg, Pb, Se, and Tl, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The mean PM2.5 level was 56.1 ± 31.0 μg/m3, with a tendency of yearly decreasing and a significant seasonal distribution variation. The concentration of 11 elements in the PM2.5 samples was 0.38 ± 0.33 μg/m3. Al was the highest element with a range of 37.5-2148 ng/m3. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution differences were compared by literatures review. Based on the Crystal Ball model, health risks were assessed dynamically using Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. After 10,000 simulations, the mean value of the hazard index for nine elements was 0.743, and Mn contributed the most to the hazard index among elements, with a correlation of 0.3464. The average carcinogenic risk was 1.01 × 10-5, which indicated that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were within the acceptable range. However, considerable attention should be paid to the potential health risks associated with long-term Al, Mn, and As exposure. This study provides detailed data on local atmospheric pollution characteristics, helps identify potential risk elements, and contributes to the development of effective regional air quality management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Wu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yuanhua Meng
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Xinliang Ding
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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Li CH, Tsai ML, Chiou HY(C, Lin YC, Liao WT, Hung CH. Role of Macrophages in Air Pollution Exposure Related Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012337. [PMID: 36293195 PMCID: PMC9603963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and airway inflammation. The chronic inflammation of the airway is mediated by many cell types, cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory mediators. Research suggests that exposure to air pollution has a negative impact on asthma outcomes in adult and pediatric populations. Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental risks to health, and it impacts the lungs' innate and adaptive defense systems. A major pollutant in the air is particulate matter (PM), a complex component composed of elemental carbon and heavy metals. According to the WHO, 99% of people live in air pollution where air quality levels are lower than the WHO air quality guidelines. This suggests that the effect of air pollution exposure on asthma is a crucial health issue worldwide. Macrophages are essential in recognizing and processing any inhaled foreign material, such as PM. Alveolar macrophages are one of the predominant cell types that process and remove inhaled PM by secreting proinflammatory mediators from the lung. This review focuses on macrophages and their role in orchestrating the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsiang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying (Clair) Chiou
- Teaching and Research Center of Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-T.L.); or (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2791) (W.-T.L.); +886-7-311-5140 (C.-H.H.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-321-3931 (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-T.L.); or (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2791) (W.-T.L.); +886-7-311-5140 (C.-H.H.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-321-3931 (C.-H.H.)
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Lei R, Nie D, Zhang S, Yu W, Ge X, Song N. Spatial and temporal characteristics of air pollutants and their health effects in China during 2019-2020. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115460. [PMID: 35660829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the temporal and spatial characteristics of the major air pollutants and their associated health risks in China from 2019 to 2020, by using the monitoring data from 367 cities. The annual average PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 concentrations decreased by 10.9%, 13.2%, 9.3%, 10.1%, 9.4%, and 5.5% from 2019 to 2020. National average PM2.5 concentration in 2020 met the standard of 35 μg/m3, and that of O3 decreased from 2019. COVID-19 lockdown affected NO2 level dramatically, yet influences on PM2.5 and O3 were less clear-cut. Positive correlations between PM2.5 and O3 were found, even in winter in all five key regions, e.g., Jing-Jin-Ji (JJJ), FenWei Plain (FWP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Chengdu-Chongqing Region (CCR), indicating importance of secondary production for both PM2.5 and O3. Large seasonal variability of PM2.5-SO2 correlation indicates a varying role of SO2 to PM2.5 pollution in different seasons; and generally weak correlations in winter between PM2.5 and NO2 or SO2 reveal the complexity of secondary formation processes to PM2.5 pollution in winter. Multilinear regression analysis between PM2.5 and SO2, NO2 and CO demonstrates that PM2.5 is more sensitive to the change of NO2 than SO2 in JJJ, FWP, PRD and CCR, suggesting a priority of NOx emission control for future PM2.5 reduction. Furthermore, the new World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines (WHO AQG2021) were adopted to calculate the excess health risks (ER) as well as the health-risk based air quality index (HAQIWHO) of the pollutants. Such assessment points out the severity of air pollution associated health risks under strict standards: 40.0% of days had HAQIWHO>100, while only 14.4% days had AQI>100. PM2.5 ER was generally larger than O3 ER, but O3 ER in low PM2.5 region (PRD) and during summer became more serious. Notably, NO2 ER became even more important than PM2.5 due to its strict limit of WHO AQG2021. Overall, our results highlight the increasing importance of O3 in both air quality evaluation and health risk assessment, and the importance of coordinated mitigation of multiple pollutants (mainly PM2.5, O3 and NO2) in protecting the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyuan Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Dongyang Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shumeng Zhang
- Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Wanning Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xinlei Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 210042, China.
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Lyu Y, Ju Q, Lv F, Feng J, Pang X, Li X. Spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants and ozone prediction using machine learning algorithms in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2014 to 2021. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119420. [PMID: 35526642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
China was seriously affected by air pollution in the past decade, especially for particulate matter (PM) and emerging ozone pollution recently. In this study, we systematically examined the spatiotemporal variations of six air pollutants and conducted ozone prediction using machine learning (ML) algorithms in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. The annual-average concentrations of CO, PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 decreased at a rate of 141, 11.0, 6.6 and 5.6 μg/m3/year, while a pattern of initial increase and later decrease was observed for NO2 and O3_8 h. The concentration of SO2, CO and NO2 was higher in Tangshan and Xingtai, while northern BTH region has lower levels of CO, NO2 and PM. Spatial variations of ozone were relatively small in the BTH region. Monthly variations of PM10 displayed an increase in March probably due to wind-blown dusts from Northwest China. A seasonal and diurnal pattern with summer and afternoon peaks was found for ozone, which was contrast with other pollutants. Further ML algorithms such as Random Forest (RF) model and Decision tree (DT) regression showed good ozone prediction performance (daily: R2 = 0.83 and 0.73, RMSE = 30.0 and 37.3 μg/m3, respectively; monthly: R2 = 0.93 and 0.88, RMSE = 12.1 and 15.8 μg/m3, respectively) based on 10-fold cross-validation. Both RF model and DT regression relied more on the spatial trend as higher temporal prediction performance was achieved. Solar radiation- and temperature-related variables presented high importance at daily level, whereas sea level pressure dominated at monthly level. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity in variable importance was further confirmed using case studies based on RF model. In addition, variable importance was possibly influenced by the emission reductions due to COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its possible weakness to capture ozone extremes, RF model was beneficial and suggested for predicting spatiotemporal variations of ozone in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lyu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Qinru Ju
- School of Accounting, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fengmao Lv
- School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Jialiang Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaobing Pang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Inhalation Bioaccessibility and Risk Assessment of Metals in PM 2.5 Based on a Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry Model in the Smelting District of Northeast China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158915. [PMID: 35897292 PMCID: PMC9331668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 can deposit and partially dissolve in the pulmonary region. In order to be consistent with the reality of the pulmonary region and avoid overestimating the inhalation human health risk, the bioaccessibility of PM2.5 heavy metals and the deposition fraction (DF) urgently needs to be considered. This paper simulates the bioaccessibility of PM2.5 heavy metals in acidic intracellular and neutral extracellular deposition environments by simulating lung fluid. The multipath particle dosimetry model was used to simulate DF of PM2.5. According to the exposure assessment method of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the inhalation exposure dose threshold was calculated, and the human health risk with different inhalation exposure doses was compared. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals is 12.1−36.2%. The total DF of PM2.5 in adults was higher than that in children, and children were higher than adults in the pulmonary region, and gradually decreased with age. The inhalation exposure dose threshold is 0.04−14.2 mg·kg−1·day−1 for the non-carcinogenic exposure dose and 0.007−0.043 mg·kg−1·day−1 for the carcinogenic exposure dose. Cd and Pb in PM2.5 in the study area have a non-carcinogenic risk to human health (hazard index < 1), and Cd has no or a potential carcinogenic risk to human health. A revised inhalation health risk assessment may avoid overestimation.
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Buonaurio F, Borra F, Pigini D, Paci E, Spagnoli M, Astolfi ML, Giampaoli O, Sciubba F, Miccheli A, Canepari S, Ancona C, Tranfo G. Biomonitoring of Exposure to Urban Pollutants and Oxidative Stress during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Rome Residents. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10050267. [PMID: 35622680 PMCID: PMC9143243 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of traffic on human health comparing biomonitoring data measured during the COVID-19 lockdown, when restrictions led to a 40% reduction in airborne benzene in Rome and a 36% reduction in road traffic, to the same parameters measured in 2021. Methods: Biomonitoring was performed on 49 volunteers, determining the urinary metabolites of the most abundant traffic pollutants, such as benzene and PAHs, and oxidative stress biomarkers by HPLC/MS-MS, 28 elements by ICP/MS and metabolic phenotypes by NMR. Results: Means of s-phenylmercaputric acid (SPMA), metabolites of naphthalene and nitropyrene in 2020 are 20% lower than in 2021, while 1-OH-pyrene was 30% lower. A reduction of 40% for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) and 60% for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) were found in 2020 compared to 2021. The concentrations of B, Co, Cu and Sb in 2021 are significantly higher than in the 2020. NMR untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 35 urinary metabolites. Results show in 2021 a decrease in succinic acid, a product of the Krebs cycle promoting inflammation. Conclusions: Urban pollution due to traffic is partly responsible for oxidative stress of nucleic acids, but other factors also have a role, enhancing the importance of communication about a healthy lifestyle in the prevention of cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Buonaurio
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Francesca Borra
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Daniela Pigini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Enrico Paci
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariangela Spagnoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Astolfi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Ottavia Giampaoli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.G.); (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.C.)
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Sciubba
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.G.); (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.C.)
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.G.); (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.C.)
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.G.); (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Carla Ancona
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00154 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Tranfo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0694181436
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Blanco-Vieites M, Suárez-Montes D, Delgado F, Álvarez-Gil M, Battez AH, Rodríguez E. Removal of heavy metals and hydrocarbons by microalgae from wastewater in the steel industry. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Xu C, Zhang Z, Ling G, Wang G, Wang M. Air pollutant spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and effects on human health in North China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133814. [PMID: 35120956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
North China, the political, economic, and cultural center of China, has been greatly harmed by frequent air pollution incidents. Therefore, it is vital to study air pollution characteristics and clarify their impact on human health. In this study, we first analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3) in North China from 2016 to 2019. Then, the air quality index (AQI), aggregate air quality index (AAQI), and health risk based air quality index (HAQI) were used to assess health risks. Based on these, the AirQ2.2.3 model was used to quantify health effects. The results showed that the major pollutant in the cities surrounding Beijing was PM2.5, while PM10 dominated in distant cities. Annual concentrations decreased (except for O3), which is related to governmental emission reduction policies. However, O3 concentrations increased owing to the complex precursor emissions. The AQI underestimated air pollution, while the AAQI and HAQI were accurate; the latter indicated that 55% of the study region population was exposed to polluted air. The AirQ2.2.3 model quantified the total mortality proportions attributable to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, and O3, which were 1.87%, 3.12%, 1.11%, 1.40%, 4.19%, and 2.52%, respectively. In high concentrations, PM10 and PM2.5 pose significant health risks. The health effects of SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 at lower concentrations were more obvious, indicating that the expected mortality rate due to low concentrations of some pollutants was much higher than that due to high concentrations of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Xu
- College of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfeng, 041000, China; Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, YuZhang Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Guangjiu Ling
- School of Tourism and Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, 558000, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- College of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfeng, 041000, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Souza IDC, Morozesk M, Siqueira P, Zini E, Galter IN, Moraes DAD, Matsumoto ST, Wunderlin DA, Elliott M, Fernandes MN. Metallic nanoparticle contamination from environmental atmospheric particulate matter in the last slab of the trophic chain: Nanocrystallography, subcellular localization and toxicity effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152685. [PMID: 34974021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate material (PM) from mining and steel industries comprises several metallic contaminants. PM10 samples collected in a Brazilian region with a recognized influence of the steel and iron pelletizing industries were used to investigate metallic nanoparticle incorporation into human fibroblast cells (MRC-5). MRC-5 cells were exposed to 0 (control, ultrapure water), 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μg PM10 mL-1, for 24 h. Cytotoxic and genotoxic dose-response effects were observed on lysosome and DNA structure, and concentrations high as 20 and 40 μg PM10 mL-1 induced elevated cell death. Ultrastructure analyses showed aluminosilicate, iron, and the emerging metallic contaminants titanium, bismuth, and cerium nanoparticles were incorporated into lung cells, in which the nanocrystallography analysis indicated the bismuth as Bi2O3. All internalized metallic nanoparticles were free and unbound in the cytoplasm and nucleus thereby indicating bioavailability and potential interaction to biological processes and cellular structures. Pearson's correlation analysis showed Fe, Ni, Al, Cr, Pb and Hg as the main cytotoxic elements which are associated with the stainless steel production. The presence of internalized nanoparticles in human lung cells exposed to environmental atmospheric matter highlights the need for a greater effort by regulatory agencies to understand their potential damage and hence the need for future regulation, especially of emerging metallic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara da C Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Morozesk
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Siqueira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enzo Zini
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Iasmini N Galter
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Daniel A de Moraes
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia T Matsumoto
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (DBV/UFES), Ave. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cdad. Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Michael Elliott
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK; International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists Ltd., Leven HU17 5LQ, UK
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DCF/UFSCar), Ave. Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li X, Kang B, Eom Y, Zhong J, Lee HK, Kim HM, Song JS. Comparison of cytotoxicity effects induced by four different types of nanoparticles in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:155. [PMID: 34997120 PMCID: PMC8742118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of particulate matter (PM) on ocular surface health has attracted increased attention in recent years. Previous studies have reported that differences in the chemical composition of PM can affect the toxicological response. However, available information on the toxic effects of chemical components of PM on the ocular surface is insufficient. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the toxicity effects of chemical components of PM on the ocular surface, focusing on the effects of four different types of nanoparticles (NPs) in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCjECs), which include titanium dioxide (TiO2), carbon black (CB), zinc dioxide (ZnO), and silicon dioxide (SiO2). We found that the in vitro cytotoxic effects of CB, ZnO, and SiO2 NPs are dependent on particle properties and cell type as well as the exposure concentration and time. Here, the order of increasing toxicity was SiO2 → CB → ZnO, while TiO2 demonstrated no toxicity. Moreover, toxic effects appearing more severe in HCECs than HCjECs. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress plays a key role in the toxicity of these three NPs in HCECs and HCjECs, leading to apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, which are also important contributors to aging. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) as an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that seems to play a potential protective role in this process. These findings implied that ROS and/or SIRT1 may become a potential target of clinical treatment of PM- or NP-related ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhe Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boram Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - Youngsub Eom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Myung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - Jong Suk Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea.
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Zhou Q, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhou F, Zhao J, Wei X, Zheng K, Wu J, Li B, Pan B. Toxicity and endocrine-disrupting potential of PM 2.5: Association with particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters, and heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118349. [PMID: 34653588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of fine atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) are closely associated with particulate chemicals. In this study, PM2.5 samples were collected from highway and industry sites in Hangzhou, China, during the autumn and winter, and their cytotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity and endocrine-disrupting potential (EDP) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo; the particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters (PAEs), and heavy metals were then characterized. The toxicological results suggested that the PM2.5 from highway site induced higher cytotoxicity (cell viability inhibition, intracellular oxidative stress, and cell membrane injury) and pulmonary toxicity (inflammatory response (IR) and oxidative stress (OS)) than the samples from industry site, while the PM2.5 from industry site exhibited higher EDP (estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity). The cytotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity of PM2.5 in the winter were higher than those in the autumn, while no seasonal difference in the endocrine-disrupting potential was observed (p > 0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis between the biological effects and particulate chemicals revealed that the PM2.5-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress were closely associated with the particulate PAHs and heavy metals (Pearson correlation coefficients: rIR, PAHs = 0.822-0.988, rIR, heavy metals = 0.895-0.971, rOS, PAHs = 0.843-0.986, and rOS, heavy metals = 0.887-0.933), while particulate di (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) substantially contributed to the EDP of PM2.5 (rEDP, DEHP = 0.981). This study indicated that the toxicity and EDP of PM2.5 could vary with the surrounding environment and season, which was closely associated with the variations of particulate chemicals. Further studies are needed to clarify the associations between the harmful effects of PM2.5 and other contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Departments of TCM Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Wei
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyun Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Ecology and Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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Mozhi A, Kumar Prabhakar A, Cadiam Mohan B, Sunil V, Teoh JH, Wang CH. Toxicity effects of size fractions of incinerated sewage sludge bottom ash on human cell lines. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106881. [PMID: 34560326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge bottom ash (SSBA) from the incineration plant used for the production of construction materials possibly possess heavy metals which might cause a negative impact on human health. Considering biosafety, we investigated the toxicity effects of 0.5-2 mm (aggregate substitute) and < 0.075 mm (cement substitute) in its solid and leachate form on human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) and human skin epidermal cells (HaCaT) on exposure through contact. MTS assay revealed the cellular responses of lung and skin cell lines to the leachates showing that the skin cells, which often interact with the external environment displayed better tolerance than the lung cells, whereas solid ash showed a concentration and size-dependent toxicity. Solid ash was found to downregulate the intracellular glutathione/superoxide dismutase activities and upregulate lactate dehydrogenase/lipid peroxidation activities thus inducing oxidative stress to the cell and subsequently resulting in the cell membrane leakage, destructive mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), apoptosis, and DNA damage, which is nearly 7-fold higher than the negative control. At a high concentration, DNA damage index of 1.09 and 1.29 was observed for the 0.5-2 mm sized ash leachate on skin cells and lung cells respectively, whereas for ash (<0.075 mm size) leachate, this fraction was 1.29 and 2.96, respectively. Overall, the ash leachate is found to be safer/biocompatible if they come in contact with humans as compared to SSBA in its solid form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbu Mozhi
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 138602, Singapore
| | - Arun Kumar Prabhakar
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 138602, Singapore
| | - Babu Cadiam Mohan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Vishnu Sunil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jia Heng Teoh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
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Sales Junior SF, Costa Amaral IC, Mannarino CF, Hauser-Davis RA, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. Long-term landfill leachate exposure modulates antioxidant responses and causes cyto-genotoxic effects in Eisenia andrei earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117351. [PMID: 34000669 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that approximately 0.4% of the total leachate produced in a landfill is destined for treatment plants, while the rest can reach the soil and groundwater. In this context, this study aimed to perform leachate toxicity evaluations through immune system cytotoxic assessments, genotoxic (comet assay) appraisals and antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase - SOD; catalase - CAT, glutathione-S-transferase - GST; reduced glutathione - GSH and metallothionein - MT) evaluations in Eisenia andrei earthworms exposed to a Brazilian leachate for 77 days. The leachate sample contained high organic matter (COD - 10,630 mg L-1) and ammoniacal nitrogen (2398 mg L-1), as well as several metals, including Ca, Cr, Fe, Mg, Ni and Zn. Leachate exposure resulted in SOD activity alterations and increased CAT activity and MT levels. Decreased GST activity and GSH levels were also observed. Antioxidant system alterations due to leachate exposure led to increased malondialdehyde levels as a result of lipid peroxidation after the 77 day-exposure. An inflammatory process was also observed in exposed earthworms, evidenced by increased amoebocyte density, and DNA damage was also noted. This study demonstrates for the first time that sublethal effect assessments in leachate-exposed earthworms comprise an important tool for solid waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Center of Studies on Worker's Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabele Campos Costa Amaral
- Center of Studies on Worker's Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- UNIRIO,Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, 22290-20, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Center of Studies on Worker's Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Li M, Xu G, Guo N, Zheng N, Dong W, Li X, Yu Y. Influences and mechanisms of nanoparticles on pentachloronitrobenzene accumulation by earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51471-51479. [PMID: 33983610 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and nanoparticles may coexist in soil; however, influences of nanoparticles on accumulation of pesticides in terrestrial organisms are still unclear. This study aims to investigate the influences and mechanisms of metal oxide nanoparticles (nano ZnO and nano CuO) on accumulation of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) in earthworms and their combined toxicity. The earthworms were cultivated in the soil spiked with nanoparticles (10, 50, 250 mg/kg) and PCNB (100 μg/kg) for 21 days. The concentrations of PCNB in earthworms in binary exposure treatments (PCNB + ZnO and PCNB + CuO) reached 2.47 and 3.13 times of that in individual PCNB exposure treatment, indicating that nanoparticles facilitated the accumulation of PCNB in earthworms. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in earthworms in treatments PCNB + ZnO 250 and PCNB + CuO 250 reached 379 and 316 fluorescence intensity/mg Protein, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in control group (183 fluorescence intensity/mg protein), indicating that nanoparticles would cause oxidative stress to earthworms. Earthworm coelomocytes were extracted from healthy earthworms and cultivated in culture media in cytotoxicity tests. Changes of intracellular ROS contents and cell viability suggested that PCNB and nanoparticles caused serious oxidative damage to earthworm coelomocytes, thus leading to the damage of cell membrane and cell death. In in vivo tests, changes of biomarkers (ROS and malondialdehyde) demonstrated that these pollutants injured the earthworms. Increased accumulation of PCNB in binary exposure treatments was due to the damage of body cavity caused by nanoparticles. This study provides a novel hypothesis for nanoparticles facilitating organic pollutants entering terrestrial organisms and determines whether nanoparticles would bring about greater environmental risks of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Guanghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Guo
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Weihua Dong
- College of Geographical Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Liaoning Renqia Daofeng Testing Technology Co Ltd, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
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Ahmed T, Noman M, Rizwan M, Ali S, Shahid MS, Li B. Recent progress on the heavy metals ameliorating potential of engineered nanomaterials in rice paddy: a comprehensive outlook on global food safety with nanotoxicitiy issues. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2672-2686. [PMID: 34554039 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1979931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals (HMs) poses a serious threat to global food safety, soil ecosystem and human health. The rapid industrialization, urbanization and extensive application of agrochemicals on arable land have led to paddy soil pollution worldwide. Rice plants easily accumulate toxic HMs from contaminated agricultural soils, which ultimately accumulated in grains and enters the food chain. Although, physical and chemical remediation techniques have been used for the treatment of HMs-contaminated soils, however, they also have many drawbacks, such as toxicity, capital investment and environmental-associated hazards. Recently, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have gained substantial attention owing to their promising environmental remediation applications. Numerous studies have revealed the use of ENMs for reclamation of toxic HMs from contaminated environment. This review mainly focuses on HMs toxicity in paddy soils along with potential health risks to humans. It also provides a critical outlook on the recent advances and future perspectives of nanoremediation strategies. Additionally, we will also propose the interacting mechanism of HMs-ENMs to counteract metal-associated phytotoxicities in rice plants to achieve global food security and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq Shahid
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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The Role of Fossil Fuel Combustion Metals in PM2.5 Air Pollution Health Associations. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12091086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we elucidate the central role played by fossil fuel combustion in the health-related effects that have been associated with inhalation of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We especially focus on individual properties and concentrations of metals commonly found in PM air pollution, as well as their sources and their adverse health effects, based on both epidemiologic and toxicological evidence. It is known that transition metals, such as Ni, V, Fe, and Cu, are highly capable of participating in redox reactions that produce oxidative stress. Therefore, particles that are enriched, per unit mass, in these metals, such as those from fossil fuel combustion, can have greater potential to produce health effects than other ambient particulate matter. Moreover, fossil fuel combustion particles also contain varying amounts of sulfur, and the acidic nature of the resulting sulfur compounds in particulate matter (e.g., as ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, or sulfuric acid) makes transition metals in particles more bioavailable, greatly enhancing the potential of fossil fuel combustion PM2.5 to cause oxidative stress and systemic health effects in the human body. In general, there is a need to further recognize particulate matter air pollution mass as a complex source-driven mixture, in order to more effectively quantify and regulate particle air pollution exposure health risks.
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Castro-Riquelme CL, Ochoa-Terán A, Roldán-Villegas IY, Trujillo-Navarrete B, Miranda-Soto V, Pérez-Sicairos S, Pina-Luis G, Reynoso-Soto EA, Labastida-Galván V, Ordoñez M. Versatile optical response of pyridylalkyl naphthalenediimides in the interaction with metal ions. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Source Analysis and Human Health Risk Assessment Based on Entropy Weight Method Modification of PM2.5 Heavy Metal in an Industrial Area in the Northeast of China. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12070852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, PM2.5 was analyzed for heavy metals at two sites in industrial northeast China to determine their sources and human health risks during heating and non-heating periods. A positive matrix factorization (PMF) model determined sources, and US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and entropy weight methods were used to assess human health risk. PM2.5 heavy metal concentrations were higher in the heating period than in the non-heating period. In the heating period, coal combustion (59.64%) was the primary heavy metal source at Huagong Hospitals, and the contribution rates of industrial emissions and traffic emissions were 21.06% and 19.30%, respectively. Industrial emissions (42.14%) were the primary source at Xinqu Park, and the contribution rates of coal combustion and traffic emissions were 34.03% and 23.83%, respectively. During the non-heating period, coal combustion (45.29%) and industrial emissions 45.29% and 44.59%, respectively, were the primary sources at Huagong Hospital, and the traffic emissions were 10.12%. Industrial emissions (43.64%) were the primary sources at Xinqu Park, where the coal combustion and traffic emissions were 25.35% and 31.00%, respectively. In the heating period, PM2.5 heavy metals at Xinqu Park had noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, and the hazard index of children (5.74) was higher than that of adult males (5.28) and females (4.49). However, adult males and females had the highest lifetime carcinogenic risk (1.38 × 10−3 and 1.17 × 10−3) than children (3.00 × 10−4). The traditional USEPA and entropy weight methods both produced reasonable results. However, when there is a difference between the two methods, the entropy weight method is recommended to assess noncarcinogenic health risks.
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Pilevar M, Kim KT, Lee WH. Recent advances in biosensors for detecting viruses in water and wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124656. [PMID: 33308919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As there is a considerable number of virus particles in wastewater which cause numerous infectious diseases, it is necessary to eliminate viruses from domestic wastewater before it is released in the environment. In addition, on-site detection of viruses in wastewater can provide information on possible virus exposures in the community of a given wastewater catchment. For this purpose, the pre-detection of different strains of viruses in wastewaters is an essential environmental step. Epidemiological studies illustrate that viruses are the most challenging pathogens to be detected in water samples because of their nano sizes, discrete distribution, and low infective doses. Over the past decades, several methods have been applied for the detection of waterborne viruses which include polymerase chain reaction-based methods (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA). Although they have shown acceptable performance in virus measurements, their drawbacks such as complicated and time-consuming procedures, low sensitivity, and high analytical cost call for alternatives. Although biosensors are still in an early stage for practical applications, they have shown great potential to become an alternative means for virus detection in water and wastewater. This comprehensive review addresses the different types of viruses found in water and the recent development of biosensors for detecting waterborne viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Pilevar
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Keug Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, The University of Suwon, 17 Wauan-gil, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18323, South Korea
| | - Woo Hyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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Zhao Z, Luo XS, Jing Y, Li H, Pang Y, Wu L, Chen Q, Jin L. In vitro assessments of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of PM 2.5 trace metals in respiratory and digestive systems and their oxidative potential. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124638. [PMID: 33308920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a serious environmental issue. As a key aerosol component, PM2.5 associated toxic trace metals pose significant health risks by inhalation and ingestion, but the evidences and mechanisms were insufficient and not well understood just by their total environmental concentrations. To accurately assess the potential risks of airborne metals, a series of in vitro physiologically based tests with synthetic human lung and gastrointestinal fluids were conducted to assess both the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of various PM2.5 bound metals in the respiratory and digestive systems from both urban and industrial areas of Nanjing city. Moreover, the chemical acellular toxicity test [dithiothreitol (DTT) assay] and source analysis were performed. Generally, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of investigated metals were element and body fluid dependent. Source oriented metals in PM2.5 showed diverse bioaccessibility in different human organs. The PM2.5 induced oxidative potential was mainly contributed by the bioaccessible/bioavailable transition metals such as Fe, Ni and Co from metallurgic dust and traffic emission. Future researches on the toxicological mechanisms of airborne metals incorporating the bioaccessibility, bioavailability and toxicity tests are directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiao-San Luo
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Yuanshu Jing
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuting Pang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Lichun Wu
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qi Chen
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Sales Junior SF, Mannarino CF, Bila DM, Taveira Parente CE, Correia FV, Saggioro EM. Lethal and long-term effects of landfill leachate on Eisenia andrei earthworms: Behavior, reproduction and risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 285:112029. [PMID: 33578208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leachate is difficult to biodegrade, and presents variable physical, chemical and biological characteristics, as well as high toxicological potential for soil, groundwater and water bodies. In this context, untreated leachate toxicity was evaluated through acute and chronic exposures in Eisenia andrei earthworms. Physico-chemical leachate characterizations indicate a complex composition, with high organic matter (COD - 10,634 mg L-1) and ammoniacal nitrogen (2388 mg L-1) concentrations. Metals with carcinogenic potential, such as Cr, As and Pb, were present at 0.60, 0.14 and 0.01 μg L-1, respectively and endocrine disrupting compounds were detected in estradiol equivalents of 660 ± 50 ng L-1. Acute tests with Eisenia andrei indicated an LC50 (72 h) of 1.3 ± 0.1 μL cm-2 in a filter paper contact test and 53.9 ± 1.3 mL kg-1 in natural soil (14 days). The EC50 in a behavioral test was estimated as 31.6 ± 6.8 mL kg-1, indicating an escape effect for concentrations ranging from 35.0 to 70.0 mL kg-1 and habitat loss from 87.5 mL kg-1 of leachate exposure. Chronic exposure (56 days) led to reproduction effects, resulting in a 4-fold decreased cocoon production and 7-fold juvenile decrease. This effect was mainly attributed to the possible presence of endocrine disrupting compounds. An estimated NOAEL of 1.7 mL L-1 and LOAEL of 3.5 mL L-1 were estimated for earthworms exposed to the assessed effluent. Extremely high-risk quotients (RQ ≥ 1) were estimated based on leachate application in irrigation. Thus, adequate municipal solid waste management is paramount, especially with regard to generated by-products, which can result in high toxicological risks for terrestrial organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Fernandes Sales Junior
- Center of Studies on Worker's Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, 524 São Francisco Xavier Street, Room 5029-F, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Ernesto Taveira Parente
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Bloco G0, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Veríssimo Correia
- UNIRIO, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, 22290-20, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Center of Studies on Worker's Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Sanitation and Environment Health Department, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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47
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Ogrizek M, Jaćimović R, Šala M, Kroflič A. No more waste at the elemental analysis of airborne particulate matter on quartz fibre filters. Talanta 2021; 226:122110. [PMID: 33676666 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is the major environmental pollutant. Its elemental composition is routinely monitored. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICPMS) is commonly applied after a PM sample has been digested by an acid during a microwave treatment. In this case, sample preparation procedure is laborious, sometimes incomplete and produces toxic waste. In this paper we show that direct sample introduction to ICPMS by laser ablation (LA-ICPMS) is of huge advantage. Minimal quantity of a sample is required for the analysis (<1 cm2) and no chemical waste is produced. The study focused on the most universal and widely used quartz fibre filter samples and we show that LA-ICPMS can be successfully applied for the determination of the elemental composition of such samples. Some effort is, however, still needed to develop an autosampler for the LA-ICPMS system and to provide commercial matrix-matched standards for this application to be implemented in environment laboratories worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ogrizek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Radojko Jaćimović
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Martin Šala
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ana Kroflič
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Xue Z, Gao X, Yu W, Zhang Q, Song W, Li S, Zheng X, Kou X. Biochanin A alleviates oxidative damage caused by the urban particulate matter. Food Funct 2021; 12:1958-1972. [PMID: 33496707 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (UPM), an air pollutant-absorbing toxic substance, can access alveoli, leading to pulmonary diseases. Studies have shown that the water-soluble components of UPM (WS-UPM), containing main toxic substances, can induce oxidative damage in lung cells. In this study, the UPM particle size and composition were detected via instrumental analysis. The isoflavones (biochanin A (BCA), formononetin and daidzein) from chickpeas possess biological antioxidant properties. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the oxidative damage induced by WS-UPM, and the protective role of isoflavones in human alveolar basal epithelial cells. The antioxidant activity of BCA, formononetin and daidzein was investigated through the total reduction capacity, diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical (DPPH), superoxide radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity detection. We also established cell models in vitro to further explore the BCA-protective mechanism. BCA presented a significant protection, and increased the levels of antioxidant makers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). The effects were also reflected as the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, results obtained from RT-PCR and western blot techniques revealed that MEK5/ERK5 played an indispensable role in regulating the antioxidant effect of BCA, alleviating WS-UPM-induced lung injury. Furthermore, BCA mitigated WS-UPM-exposed damage through upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to enhance the antioxidase expression downstream of Nrf2. In summary, our findings indicated that the WS-UPM-induced pulmonary disease was involved in oxidative stress and the MEK5/ERK5-Nrf2 signaling pathway, and BCA regulated the WS-UPM-induced lung damage via upregulation of the MEK5/ERK5-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Wancong Yu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Weichen Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shihao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xu Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiaohong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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49
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Newly Emerging Airborne Pollutants: Current Knowledge of Health Impact of Micro and Nanoplastics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062997. [PMID: 33803962 PMCID: PMC7998604 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plastics are ubiquitous persistent pollutants, forming the most representative material of the Anthropocene. In the environment, they undergo wear and tear (i.e., mechanical fragmentation, and slow photo and thermo-oxidative degradation) forming secondary microplastics (MPs). Further fragmentation of primary and secondary MPs results in nanoplastics (NPs). To assess potential health damage due to human exposure to airborne MPs and NPs, we summarize the evidence collected to date that, however, has almost completely focused on monitoring and the effects of airborne MPs. Only in vivo and in vitro studies have assessed the toxicity of NPs, and a standardized method for their analysis in environmental matrices is still missing. The main sources of indoor and outdoor exposure to these pollutants include synthetic textile fibers, rubber tires, upholstery and household furniture, and landfills. Although both MPs and NPs can reach the alveolar surface, the latter can pass into the bloodstream, overcoming the pulmonary epithelial barrier. Despite the low reactivity, the number of surface area atoms per unit mass is high in MPs and NPs, greatly enhancing the surface area for chemical reactions with bodily fluids and tissue in direct contact. This is proven in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and flock workers, who are prone to persistent inflammatory stimulation, leading to pulmonary fibrosis or even carcinogenesis.
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50
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Kumar P, Kalaiarasan G, Porter AE, Pinna A, Kłosowski MM, Demokritou P, Chung KF, Pain C, Arvind DK, Arcucci R, Adcock IM, Dilliway C. An overview of methods of fine and ultrafine particle collection for physicochemical characterisation and toxicity assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143553. [PMID: 33239200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a crucial health risk factor for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The smaller size fractions, ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5; fine particles) and ≤0.1 μm (PM0.1; ultrafine particles), show the highest bioactivity but acquiring sufficient mass for in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies is challenging. We review the suitability of available instrumentation to collect the PM mass required for these assessments. Five different microenvironments representing the diverse exposure conditions in urban environments are considered in order to establish the typical PM concentrations present. The highest concentrations of PM2.5 and PM0.1 were found near traffic (i.e. roadsides and traffic intersections), followed by indoor environments, parks and behind roadside vegetation. We identify key factors to consider when selecting sampling instrumentation. These include PM concentration on-site (low concentrations increase sampling time), nature of sampling sites (e.g. indoors; noise and space will be an issue), equipment handling and power supply. Physicochemical characterisation requires micro- to milli-gram quantities of PM and it may increase according to the processing methods (e.g. digestion or sonication). Toxicological assessments of PM involve numerous mechanisms (e.g. inflammatory processes and oxidative stress) requiring significant amounts of PM to obtain accurate results. Optimising air sampling techniques are therefore important for the appropriate collection medium/filter which have innate physical properties and the potential to interact with samples. An evaluation of methods and instrumentation used for airborne virus collection concludes that samplers operating cyclone sampling techniques (using centrifugal forces) are effective in collecting airborne viruses. We highlight that predictive modelling can help to identify pollution hotspots in an urban environment for the efficient collection of PM mass. This review provides guidance to prepare and plan efficient sampling campaigns to collect sufficient PM mass for various purposes in a reasonable timeframe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gopinath Kalaiarasan
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Pinna
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michał M Kłosowski
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Avenue, Room 1310, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Pain
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - D K Arvind
- Centre for Speckled Computing, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Rossella Arcucci
- Data Science Institute, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Dilliway
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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