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Zheng J, Wu M, Pang Y, Liu Q, Liu Y, Jin X, Tang J, Bao L, Niu Y, Zheng Y, Zhang R. Interior decorative volatile organic compounds exposure induces sleep disorders through aberrant branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 mediated glutamatergic signaling resulting from a neuroinflammatory cascade. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173254. [PMID: 38761924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution has been recognized as a contributing factor to sleep disorders (SD), which have been correlated with an elevated susceptibility to a variety of human diseases. Nevertheless, research has not definitively established a connection between SD and interior decorative volatile organic compounds (ID-VOCs), a significant indoor air pollutant. In this study, we employed a mouse model exposed to ID-VOCs to explore the impacts of ID-VOCs exposure on sleep patterns and the potential underlying mechanism. Of the 23 key compositions of ID-VOCs identified, aromatic hydrocarbons were found to be the most prevalent. Exposure to ID-VOCs in mice resulted in SD, characterized by prolonged wake fullness and decreased sleep during the light period. ID-VOCs exposure triggered neuroinflammatory responses in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), with microglia activation leading to the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and complement component 1q (C1q), ultimately inducing A1 astrocytes. Consequently, the upregulation of branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 (BCAT2) in A1 astrocytes resulted in elevated extracellular glutamate and disruption of the wake-sleep transition mechanism, which might be the toxicological mechanism of SD caused by ID-VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jinglong Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China.
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2
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Salminen A. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor impairs circadian regulation in Alzheimer's disease: Potential impact on glymphatic system dysfunction. Eur J Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38924210 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Circadian clocks maintain diurnal rhythms of sleep-wake cycle of 24 h that regulate not only the metabolism of an organism but also many other periodical processes. There is substantial evidence that circadian regulation is impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Circadian clocks regulate many properties known to be disturbed in Alzheimer's patients, such as the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as well as the diurnal glymphatic flow that controls waste clearance from the brain. Interestingly, an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, that is, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), impairs the function of the core clock proteins and thus could disturb diurnal rhythmicity in the BBB. There is abundant evidence that the activation of AhR signalling inhibits the expression of the major core clock proteins, such as the brain and muscle arnt-like 1 (BMAL1), clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) and period circadian regulator 1 (PER1) in different experimental models. The expression of AhR is robustly increased in the brains of Alzheimer's patients, and protein level is enriched in astrocytes of the BBB. It seems that AhR signalling inhibits glymphatic flow since it is known that (i) activation of AhR impairs the function of the BBB, which is cooperatively interconnected with the glymphatic system in the brain, and (ii) neuroinflammation and dysbiosis of gut microbiota generate potent activators of AhR, which are able to impair glymphatic flow. I will examine current evidence indicating that activation of AhR signalling could disturb circadian functions of the BBB and impair glymphatic flow and thus be involved in the development of Alzheimer's pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Li P, Gao L, Lucey BP, Ju YES, Musiek ES, Hu K. Longer sleep duration in Alzheimer's disease progression: a compensatory response? Sleep 2024; 47:zsae093. [PMID: 38602244 PMCID: PMC11168758 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brendan P Lucey
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep (COBRAS), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yo-El S Ju
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep (COBRAS), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erik S Musiek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep (COBRAS), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kun Hu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang D, Wei Y. Distinct Neural Mechanisms Between Anesthesia Induction and Emergence: A Narrative Review. Anesth Analg 2024:00000539-990000000-00840. [PMID: 38861419 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000007114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Anesthesia induction and emergence are critical periods for perioperative safety in the clinic. Traditionally, the emergence from general anesthesia has been recognized as a simple inverse process of induction resulting from the elimination of general anesthetics from the central nervous system. However, accumulated evidence has indicated that anesthesia induction and emergence are not mirror-image processes because of the occurrence of hysteresis/neural inertia in both animals and humans. An increasing number of studies have highlighted the critical role of orexinergic neurons and their involved circuits in the selective regulation of emergence but not the induction of general anesthesia. Moreover, additional brain regions have also been implicated in distinct neural mechanisms for anesthesia induction and emergence, which extends the concept that anesthetic induction and emergence are not antiparallel processes. Here, we reviewed the current literature and summarized the evidence regarding the differential mechanism of neural modulation in anesthesia induction and emergence, which will facilitate the understanding of the underlying neural mechanism for emergence from general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Zhang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yiyong Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, China
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Zhang X, Dou Z, Yang F, Luo L, Yang J. Exploring the relationship between sleep patterns and depression among Chinese middle school students: a focus on sleep quality vs. sleep duration. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1383884. [PMID: 38903579 PMCID: PMC11188449 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1383884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the relationship between sleep patterns and depressive symptoms among adolescents, examining variations in depressive symptoms across different sleep qualities, durations, and habits. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted, gathering data from 8,775 Chinese adolescents on their demographics, lifestyle habits, sleep quality and duration, and depressive symptoms. The association between sleep parameters and depressive symptoms was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Findings The findings reveal a significant correlation between sleep quality/duration and depressive symptoms. Specifically, adolescents with poor sleep quality had higher depressive scores (mean score = 14.62, standard deviation = 5.71), significantly exceeding those with better sleep quality (mean score = 11.54, standard deviation = 4.69). Adolescents with shorter sleep duration also showed significantly higher depressive scores than those with moderate sleep duration. Importantly, adolescents experiencing both poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration were at a significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 4.04, 95% CI: 3.53-4.62, P < 0.001). Further analysis indicated that older age and lower family economic status were independent predictors of a higher risk of adolescent depression (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.38, P = 0.001), whereas factors such as gender, ethnicity, residence, being an only child, and parental education levels were not statistically significant. Conclusion Among Chinese adolescents, poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration are independent predictors of higher depressive symptom scores. Adolescents experiencing both of these conditions simultaneously have a significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, older age and lower family economic status are also significantly related to an increased risk of depression in adolescents. These findings emphasize the importance of improving sleep quality and optimizing sleep duration for the prevention of adolescent depression. They also suggest the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses the multifaceted factors influencing adolescent mental health, including sleep patterns and socioeconomic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong Sport University, Rizhao, China
| | - Zhaobo Dou
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
| | - Fengying Yang
- School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Rizhao, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Rizhao, China
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Kendzerska T, Murray BJ, Colelli DR, Dela Cruz GR, Gershon AS, Povitz M, Talarico R, Boulos MI. The relationship between the morningness-eveningness questionnaire and incident cancer: A historical clinical cohort study. Sleep Med 2024; 117:139-145. [PMID: 38537521 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between chronotype measured by the total Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) score and incident cancer. METHODS We used clinical and provincial health administrative data on consecutive adults who underwent a Level 1 Polysomnography (PSG) and completed the MEQ between 2010 and 2015 in an academic hospital (Ontario, Canada) and were cancer-free at baseline. Cancer status was derived from the Ontario Cancer Registry. Individuals were followed until death or March 31, 2020. We used multivariable Cox cause-specific regressions to address the research objective. RESULTS Of 3,004 individuals, 1,781 were analyzed: a median age of 54 years (IQR: 40-64) and 838 (47.1%) men. The median total MEQ score was 63 (IQR: 55-69); 61 (3.4%) were classified as evening (≤41), 536 (30.1%) as intermediate (42-58), and 1,184 (66.5%) as morning chronotypes (≥59). Over a median of 7 years (IQR: 5-8), 120 (6.7%) developed cancer. A U-shape relationship was found between the total MEQ score and an increased hazard of incident cancer, controlling for PSG measures of sleep apnea severity and sleep architecture, demographics, and comorbidities. Compared to the median of 63.0, a total MEQ score greater or less than the median was associated with an increased hazard of incident cancer, with the largest effect for those with a total score ≥76 (e.g., HR of a MEQ total score of 78 vs. 63: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.09-3.71). CONCLUSION The U-shaped curve may reflect deviations from a standard circadian tendency, which may stress biological systems and influence malignancy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kendzerska
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ICES, Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Brian J Murray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sleep Laboratory, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David R Colelli
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gio R Dela Cruz
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea S Gershon
- ICES, Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Respirology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus Povitz
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mark I Boulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sleep Laboratory, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Páez A, Frimpong E, Mograss M, Dang-Vu TT. The effectiveness of exercise interventions targeting sleep in older adults with cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 2024:e14189. [PMID: 38462491 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sleep loss is associated with reduced health and quality of life, and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Up to 66% of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias experience poor sleep, which can predict or accelerate the progression of cognitive decline. Exercise is a widely accessible intervention for poor sleep that can protect against functional and cognitive decline. No previous systematic reviews have investigated the effectiveness of exercise for sleep in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We systematically reviewed controlled interventional studies of exercise targeting subjectively or objectively (polysomnography/actigraphy) assessed sleep in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane-Library (n = 6745). Nineteen randomised and one non-randomised controlled interventional trials were included, representing the experiences of 3278 persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Ten had low-risk, nine moderate-risk, and one high-risk of bias. Six studies with subjective and eight with objective sleep outcomes were meta-analysed (random-effects model). We found moderate- to high-quality evidence for the beneficial effects of exercise on self-reported and objectively-measured sleep outcomes in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. However, no studies examined key potential moderators of these effects, such as sex, napping or medication use. Our results have important implications for clinical practice. Sleep may be one of the most important modifiable risk factors for a range of health conditions, including cognitive decline and the progression of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Given our findings, clinicians may consider adding exercise as an effective intervention or adjuvant strategy for improving sleep in older persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsenio Páez
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Nuffield Department for Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Frimpong
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melodee Mograss
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Jeppe K, Ftouni S, Nijagal B, Grant LK, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Phillips AJK, McConville MJ, Tull D, Anderson C. Accurate detection of acute sleep deprivation using a metabolomic biomarker-A machine learning approach. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj6834. [PMID: 38457492 PMCID: PMC11094653 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation enhances risk for serious injury and fatality on the roads and in workplaces. To facilitate future management of these risks through advanced detection, we developed and validated a metabolomic biomarker of sleep deprivation in healthy, young participants, across three experiments. Bi-hourly plasma samples from 2 × 40-hour extended wake protocols (for train/test models) and 1 × 40-hour protocol with an 8-hour overnight sleep interval were analyzed by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using a knowledge-based machine learning approach, five consistently important variables were used to build predictive models. Sleep deprivation (24 to 38 hours awake) was predicted accurately in classification models [versus well-rested (0 to 16 hours)] (accuracy = 94.7%/AUC 99.2%, 79.3%/AUC 89.1%) and to a lesser extent in regression (R2 = 86.1 and 47.8%) models for within- and between-participant models, respectively. Metabolites were identified for replicability/future deployment. This approach for detecting acute sleep deprivation offers potential to reduce accidents through "fitness for duty" or "post-accident analysis" assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Jeppe
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Suzanne Ftouni
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brunda Nijagal
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Leilah K. Grant
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven W. Lockley
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J. K. Phillips
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malcolm J. McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dedreia Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Clare Anderson
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
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Verma AK, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Rizvi SI. Crosstalk Between Aging, Circadian Rhythm, and Melatonin. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:229-241. [PMID: 37847148 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (CRs) are 24-hour periodic oscillations governed by an endogenous circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which organizes the physiology and behavior of organisms. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is also indicative of the aging process. In mammals, melatonin is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland and participates in a variety of multifaceted intracellular signaling networks and has been shown to synchronize CRs. Endogenous melatonin synthesis and its release tend to decrease progressively with advancing age. Older individuals experience frequent CR disruption, which hastens the process of aging. A profound understanding of the relationship between CRs and aging has the potential to improve existing treatments and facilitate development of novel chronotherapies that target age-related disorders. This review article aims to examine the circadian regulatory mechanisms in which melatonin plays a key role in signaling. We describe the basic architecture of the molecular circadian clock and its functional decline with age in detail. Furthermore, we discuss the role of melatonin in regulation of the circadian pacemaker and redox homeostasis during aging. Moreover, we also discuss the protective effect of exogenous melatonin supplementation in age-dependent CR disruption, which sheds light on this pleiotropic molecule and how it can be used as an effective chronotherapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Carrero L, Antequera D, Alcalde I, Megias D, Ordoñez-Gutierrez L, Gutierrez C, Merayo-Lloves J, Wandosell F, Municio C, Carro E. Altered Clock Gene Expression in Female APP/PS1 Mice and Aquaporin-Dependent Amyloid Accumulation in the Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15679. [PMID: 37958666 PMCID: PMC10648501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by different pathological symptomatology, including disrupted circadian rhythm. The regulation of circadian rhythm depends on the light information that is projected from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus. Studies of AD patients and AD transgenic mice have revealed AD retinal pathology, including amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation that can directly interfere with the regulation of the circadian cycle. Although the cause of AD pathology is poorly understood, one of the main risk factors for AD is female gender. Here, we found that female APP/PS1 mice at 6- and 12-months old display severe circadian rhythm disturbances and retinal pathological hallmarks, including Aβ deposits in retinal layers. Since brain Aβ transport is facilitated by aquaporin (AQP)4, the expression of AQPs were also explored in APP/PS1 retina to investigate a potential correlation between retinal Aβ deposits and AQPs expression. Important reductions in AQP1, AQP4, and AQP5 were detected in the retinal tissue of these transgenic mice, mainly at 6-months of age. Taken together, our findings suggest that abnormal transport of Aβ, mediated by impaired AQPs expression, contributes to the retinal degeneration in the early stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrero
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.C.); (D.A.); (C.G.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autonoma de Madrid University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Desireé Antequera
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.C.); (D.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Ignacio Alcalde
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, 28012 Oviedo, Spain; (I.A.); (J.M.-L.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Diego Megias
- Advanced Optical Microscopy Unit, Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lara Ordoñez-Gutierrez
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.O.-G.); (F.W.)
| | - Cristina Gutierrez
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.C.); (D.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, 28012 Oviedo, Spain; (I.A.); (J.M.-L.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.O.-G.); (F.W.)
| | - Cristina Municio
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.C.); (D.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Eva Carro
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.C.); (D.A.); (C.G.)
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11
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Chen R, Routh BN, Gaudet AD, Fonken LK. Circadian Regulation of the Neuroimmune Environment Across the Lifespan: From Brain Development to Aging. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:419-446. [PMID: 37357738 PMCID: PMC10475217 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231178950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks confer 24-h periodicity to biological systems, to ultimately maximize energy efficiency and promote survival in a world with regular environmental light cycles. In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate myriad physiological functions, including the immune, endocrine, and central nervous systems. Within the central nervous system, specialized glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia survey and maintain the neuroimmune environment. The contributions of these neuroimmune cells to both homeostatic and pathogenic demands vary greatly across the day. Moreover, the function of these cells changes across the lifespan. In this review, we discuss circadian regulation of the neuroimmune environment across the lifespan, with a focus on microglia and astrocytes. Circadian rhythms emerge in early life concurrent with neuroimmune sculpting of brain circuits and wane late in life alongside increasing immunosenescence and neurodegeneration. Importantly, circadian dysregulation can alter immune function, which may contribute to susceptibility to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight circadian neuroimmune interactions across the lifespan and share evidence that circadian dysregulation within the neuroimmune system may be a critical component in human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Chen
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Brandy N. Routh
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Andrew D. Gaudet
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Laura K. Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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12
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陈 璋, 李 桃, 唐 向. [Application of Polysomnography in Common Neurodegenerative Diseases]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:1058-1064. [PMID: 37866969 PMCID: PMC10579074 DOI: 10.12182/20230960304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of most neurodegenerative diseases are still not fully understood, which poses challenges for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these diseases. Sleep disorders are one of the common chief complaints of neurodegenerative diseases. When patients suffer from comorbid sleep disorder and neurodegenerative diseases, the severity of their condition increases, the quality of their life drops further, and the difficulty of treatment increases. A large number of studies have been conducted to monitor the sleep of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, and it has been found that there are significant changes in their polysomnography (PSG) results compared to those of healthy control populations. In addition, there are also significant differences between the PSG findings of patients with different neurodegenerative diseases and the differences are closely associated with the pathogenesis and development of the disease. Herein, we discussed the characteristics of the sleep structure of patients with Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and dementia with Lewy bodies and provided a brief review of the sleep disorders and the PSG characteristics of these patients. The paper will help improve the understanding of the pathogenesis and pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, clarify the relationship between sleep disorders and these diseases, improve clinicians' further understanding of these diseases, and provide a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- 璋玥 陈
- 四川大学华西医院 睡眠医学中心 (成都 610041)Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 桃美 李
- 四川大学华西医院 睡眠医学中心 (成都 610041)Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 向东 唐
- 四川大学华西医院 睡眠医学中心 (成都 610041)Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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13
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Yang E, Wang J, Woodie LN, Greene MW, Kaddoumi A. Oleocanthal Ameliorates Metabolic and Behavioral Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:5592. [PMID: 37513464 PMCID: PMC10385639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD mouse models are frequently used to assess pathology, behavior, and memory in AD research. While the pathological characteristics of AD are well established, our understanding of the changes in the metabolic phenotypes with age and pathology is limited. In this work, we used the Promethion cage systems® to monitor changes in physiological metabolic and behavioral parameters with age and pathology in wild-type and 5xFAD mouse models. Then, we assessed whether these parameters could be altered by treatment with oleocanthal, a phenolic compound with neuroprotective properties. Findings demonstrated metabolic parameters such as body weight, food and water intake, energy expenditure, dehydration, and respiratory exchange rate, and the behavioral parameters of sleep patterns and anxiety-like behavior are altered by age and pathology. However, the effect of pathology on these parameters was significantly greater than normal aging, which could be linked to amyloid-β deposition and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. In addition, and for the first time, our findings suggest an inverse correlation between sleep hours and BBB breakdown. Treatment with oleocanthal improved the assessed parameters and reduced anxiety-like behavior symptoms and sleep disturbances. In conclusion, aging and AD are associated with metabolism and behavior changes, with the changes being greater with the latter, which were rectified by oleocanthal. In addition, our findings suggest that monitoring changes in metabolic and behavioral phenotypes could provide a valuable tool to assess disease severity and treatment efficacy in AD mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euitaek Yang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Lauren N Woodie
- Department of Nutrition, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Michael W Greene
- Department of Nutrition, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Amal Kaddoumi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 720 S Donahue Dr., Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Wang C, Nambiar A, Strickland MR, Lee C, Parhizkar S, Moore AC, Musiek ES, Ulrich JD, Holtzman DM. APOE-ε4 synergizes with sleep disruption to accelerate Aβ deposition and Aβ-associated tau seeding and spreading. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e169131. [PMID: 37279069 PMCID: PMC10351966 DOI: 10.1172/jci169131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The APOE-ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. The APOE genotype modulates the effect of sleep disruption on AD risk, suggesting a possible link between apoE and sleep in AD pathogenesis, which is relatively unexplored. We hypothesized that apoE modifies Aβ deposition and Aβ plaque-associated tau seeding and spreading in the form of neuritic plaque-tau (NP-tau) pathology in response to chronic sleep deprivation (SD) in an apoE isoform-dependent fashion. To test this hypothesis, we used APPPS1 mice expressing human APOE-ε3 or -ε4 with or without AD-tau injection. We found that SD in APPPS1 mice significantly increased Aβ deposition and peri-plaque NP-tau pathology in the presence of APOE4 but not APOE3. SD in APPPS1 mice significantly decreased microglial clustering around plaques and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarization around blood vessels in the presence of APOE4 but not APOE3. We also found that sleep-deprived APPPS1:E4 mice injected with AD-tau had significantly altered sleep behaviors compared with APPPS1:E3 mice. These findings suggest that the APOE-ε4 genotype is a critical modifier in the development of AD pathology in response to SD.
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15
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Amidfar M, Garcez ML, Kim YK. The shared molecular mechanisms underlying aging of the brain, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer's disease: The role of circadian rhythm disturbances. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110721. [PMID: 36702452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An association with circadian clock function and pathophysiology of aging, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established and has been proposed as a factor in the development of these diseases. Depression and changes in circadian rhythm have been increasingly suggested as the two primary overlapping and interpenetrating changes that occur with aging. The relationship between AD and depression in late life is not completely understood and probably is complex. Patients with major depression or AD suffer from disturbed sleep/wake cycles and altered rhythms in daily activities. Although classical monoaminergic hypotheses are traditionally proposed to explain the pathophysiology of MDD, several clinical and preclinical studies have reported a strong association between circadian rhythm and mood regulation. In addition, a large body of evidence supports an association between disruption of circadian rhythm and AD. Some clock genes are dysregulated in rodent models of depression. If aging, AD, and MDD share a common biological basis in pathophysiology, common therapeutic tools could be investigated for their prevention and treatment. Nitro-oxidative stress (NOS), for example, plays a fundamental role in aging, as well as in the pathogenesis of AD and MDD and is associated with circadian clock disturbances. Thus, development of therapeutic possibilities with these NOS-related conditions is advisable. This review describes recent findings that link disrupted circadian clocks to aging, MDD, and AD and summarizes the experimental evidence that supports connections between the circadian clock and molecular pathologic factors as shared common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying aging, AD, and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Amidfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kong J, Zhou L, Li X, Ren Q. Sleep disorders affect cognitive function in adults: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2023; 21:133-142. [PMID: 38469285 PMCID: PMC10900040 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-022-00439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disorders frequently result in poor memory, attention deficits, as well as a worse prognosis for neurodegenerative changes, such as Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sleep disorders on cognition. We screened four databases for all meta-analyses and systematic reviews from the establishment through March 2022. We have carried out quality evaluation and review the eligible systematic reviews. Evidence grading and quality assessment were performed on 22 eligible articles. Sleep deprivation primarily affects simple attention, complex attention, and working memory in cognition and alertness. The moderate-to-high-quality evidence proves optimal sleep time as 7-8 h. Sleep time outside this range increases the risk of impaired executive function, non-verbal memory, and working memory. Sleep-related breathing disorders is more likely to cause mild cognitive impairment and affects several cognitive domains. In older adults, insomnia primarily affects working memory, episodic memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, problem-solving, operational ability, perceptual function, alertness, and complex attention, and maintaining sensitivity. Sleep disturbances significantly impair cognitive function, and early detection and intervention may be critical steps in reducing poor prognosis. A simple neuropsychological memory test could be used to screen people with sleep disorders for cognitive impairment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-022-00439-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Kong
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Lv Zhou
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Qingguo Ren
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009 China
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17
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Carrero L, Antequera D, Alcalde I, Megías D, Figueiro-Silva J, Merayo-Lloves J, Municio C, Carro E. Disturbed circadian rhythm and retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:55. [PMID: 37004084 PMCID: PMC10067208 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is synchronized to the 24 h day by environmental light which is transmitted from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) primarily via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). Circadian rhythm abnormalities have been reported in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether these AD-related changes are a result of the altered clock gene expression, retina degeneration, including the dysfunction in RHT transmission, loss of retinal ganglion cells and its electrophysiological capabilities, or a combination of all of these pathological mechanisms, is not known. Here, we evaluated transgenic APP/PS1 mouse model of AD and wild-type mice at 6- and 12-month-old, as early and late pathological stage, respectively. We noticed the alteration of circadian clock gene expression not only in the hypothalamus but also in two extra-hypothalamic brain regions, cerebral cortex and hippocampus, in APP/PS1 mice. These alterations were observed in 6-month-old transgenic mice and were exacerbated at 12 months of age. This could be explained by the reduced RHT projections in the SCN of APP/PS1 mice, correlating with downregulation of hypothalamic GABAergic response in APP/PS1 mice in advanced stage of pathology. Importantly, we also report retinal degeneration in APP/PS1 mice, including Aβ deposits and reduced choline acetyltransferase levels, loss of melanopsin retinal ganglion cells and functional integrity mainly of inner retina layers. Our findings support the theory that retinal degeneration constitutes an early pathological event that directly affects the control of circadian rhythm in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrero
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Autonoma de Madrid University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Desireé Antequera
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alcalde
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo and Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Diego Megías
- Advanced Optical Microscopy Unit, Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Figueiro-Silva
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo and Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Municio
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eva Carro
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Launay A, Nebie O, Vijaya Shankara J, Lebouvier T, Buée L, Faivre E, Blum D. The role of adenosine A 2A receptors in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109379. [PMID: 36572177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine signals through four distinct G protein-coupled receptors that are located at various synapses, cell types and brain areas. Through them, adenosine regulates neuromodulation, neuronal signaling, learning and cognition as well as the sleep-wake cycle, all strongly impacted in neurogenerative disorders, among which Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD is a complex form of cognitive deficits characterized by two pathological hallmarks: extracellular deposits of aggregated β-amyloid peptides and intraneuronal fibrillar aggregates of hyper- and abnormally phosphorylated Tau proteins. Both lesions contribute to the early dysfunction and loss of synapses which are strongly associated to the development of cognitive decline in AD patients. The present review focuses on the pathophysiological impact of the A2ARs dysregulation observed in cognitive area from AD patients. We are reviewing not only evidence of the cellular changes in A2AR levels in pathological conditions but also describe what is currently known about their consequences in term of synaptic plasticity, neuro-glial miscommunication and memory abilities. We finally summarize the proof-of-concept studies that support A2AR as credible targets and the clinical interest to repurpose adenosine drugs for the treatment of AD and related disorders. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Purinergic Signaling: 50 years".
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Launay
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Ouada Nebie
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Jhenkruthi Vijaya Shankara
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France; CHU Lille, Memory Clinic, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France; Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, France.
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Reiter RJ, Sharma R, Cucielo MS, Tan DX, Rosales-Corral S, Gancitano G, de Almeida Chuffa LG. Brain washing and neural health: role of age, sleep, and the cerebrospinal fluid melatonin rhythm. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:88. [PMID: 36917314 PMCID: PMC11072793 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The brain lacks a classic lymphatic drainage system. How it is cleansed of damaged proteins, cellular debris, and molecular by-products has remained a mystery for decades. Recent discoveries have identified a hybrid system that includes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled perivascular spaces and classic lymph vessels in the dural covering of the brain and spinal cord that functionally cooperate to remove toxic and non-functional trash from the brain. These two components functioning together are referred to as the glymphatic system. We propose that the high levels of melatonin secreted by the pineal gland directly into the CSF play a role in flushing pathological molecules such as amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) from the brain via this network. Melatonin is a sleep-promoting agent, with waste clearance from the CNS being highest especially during slow wave sleep. Melatonin is also a potent and versatile antioxidant that prevents neural accumulation of oxidatively-damaged molecules which contribute to neurological decline. Due to its feedback actions on the suprachiasmatic nucleus, CSF melatonin rhythm functions to maintain optimal circadian rhythmicity, which is also critical for preserving neurocognitive health. Melatonin levels drop dramatically in the frail aged, potentially contributing to neurological failure and dementia. Melatonin supplementation in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) defers Aβ accumulation, enhances its clearance from the CNS, and prolongs animal survival. In AD patients, preliminary data show that melatonin use reduces neurobehavioral signs such as sundowning. Finally, melatonin controls the mitotic activity of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone, suggesting its involvement in neuronal renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio Rosales-Corral
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Giuseppe Gancitano
- 1st "Tuscania" Paratrooper Regiment, Italian Ministry of Defense, 57127, Leghorn, Italy
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
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20
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Tian Z, Wang P, Huang K, Yu J, Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zhu B, Huang X, Tong Z. Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer's disease: photoelectric coupling effect on attenuating Aβ neurotoxicity. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:39. [PMID: 36633696 PMCID: PMC9837011 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia are the most worrying health problems faced by people globally today. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the extracellular space (ECS) and intracellular tau tangles are well established, the developed medicines targeting these two proteins have not obtained the expected clinical effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red light (RL) or near-infrared light (NIR) to serve as a noninvasive neuroprotective strategy for brain diseases. The present review discusses the mechanisms of the photoelectric coupling effect (light energy-induced special electronic transition-related alterations in protein structure) of PBM on reducing Aβ toxicity. On the one hand, RL or NIR can directly disassemble Aβ in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, formaldehyde (FA)-inhibited catalase (CAT) and H2O2-inactived formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) are formed a vicious circle in AD; however, light energy not only activates FDH to degrade excessive FA (which crosslinks Aβ monomer to form Aβ oligomers and senile plaques) but also sensitizes CAT to reduce hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2, which can facilitate Aβ aggregation and enhance FA generation). In addition, it also activates mitochondrial cytochrome-c to produce ATP in the neurons. Clinical trials of phototherapeutics or oral coenzyme Q10 have shown positive effects in AD patients. Hence, a promising strategy combined PBM with nanopacked Q10 has been proposed to apply for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Mange Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Beilei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuerong Huang
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Mondino A, Catanzariti M, Mateos DM, Khan M, Ludwig C, Kis A, Gruen ME, Olby NJ. Sleep and cognition in aging dogs. A polysomnographic study. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1151266. [PMID: 37187924 PMCID: PMC10175583 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1151266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep is fundamental for cognitive homeostasis, especially in senior populations since clearance of amyloid beta (key in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease) occurs during sleep. Some electroencephalographic characteristics of sleep and wakefulness have been considered a hallmark of dementia. Owners of dogs with canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (a canine analog to Alzheimer's disease) report that their dogs suffer from difficulty sleeping. The aim of this study was to quantify age-related changes in the sleep-wakefulness cycle macrostructure and electroencephalographic features in senior dogs and to correlate them with their cognitive performance. Methods We performed polysomnographic recordings in 28 senior dogs during a 2 h afternoon nap. Percentage of time spent in wakefulness, drowsiness, NREM, and REM sleep, as well as latency to the three sleep states were calculated. Spectral power, coherence, and Lempel Ziv Complexity of the brain oscillations were estimated. Finally, cognitive performance was evaluated by means of the Canine Dementia Scale Questionnaire and a battery of cognitive tests. Correlations between age, cognitive performance and sleep-wakefulness cycle macrostructure and electroencephalographic features were calculated. Results Dogs with higher dementia scores and with worse performance in a problem-solving task spent less time in NREM and REM sleep. Additionally, quantitative electroencephalographic analyses showed differences in dogs associated with age or cognitive performance, some of them reflecting shallower sleep in more affected dogs. Discussion Polysomnographic recordings in dogs can detect sleep-wakefulness cycle changes associated with dementia. Further studies should evaluate polysomnography's potential clinical use to monitor the progression of canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Mondino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Magaly Catanzariti
- Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técninas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego Martin Mateos
- Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técninas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Physics Department, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos (UADER), Oro Verde, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Michael Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Claire Ludwig
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Anna Kis
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Margaret E. Gruen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Natasha J. Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Natasha J. Olby
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22
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Preliminary evidence that daily light exposure enhances the antibody response to influenza vaccination in patients with dementia. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 26:100515. [PMID: 36193044 PMCID: PMC9526132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing lighting conditions in institutions for individuals with dementia improves their sleep, circadian rhythms and well-being. Here, we report first findings that exposure to brighter light during daytime may support the immune response to the annual influenza vaccination. Eighty older institutionalised patients suffering from dementia (54 women and 26 men) continuously wore an activity tracker for 8 weeks to assess individual light exposure and rest-activity cycles. We analysed the patients’ immune response from two blood samples taken before and 4 weeks after the annual influenza vaccination. Individual antibody concentrations to three influenza virus strains (H3N2, H1N1, IB) were quantified via hemagglutination inhibition assays. By quantifying individual light exposure profiles (including daylight), we classified the patients into a low and a high light exposure group based on a median illuminance of 392.6 lux. The two light exposure groups did not differ in cognitive impairment severity, age or gender distribution. However, patients in the high light exposure group showed a significantly greater circadian rest-activity amplitude (i.e., more daytime activity and less nighttime activity) along with a significantly greater antibody titer increase to the H3N2 vaccine than patients in the low light exposure group, despite similar pre-vaccination concentrations. Sufficient seroprotective responses to all three influenza virus strains were attained for ≥75% of participants. These data provide preliminary evidence for a potentially enhanced immune response in patients with dementia when they received more daily light. Future studies are needed to determine whether regular daily light exposure may have beneficial effects on the human immune system, either directly or via a stabilising circadian sleep-wake rhythms. Data from individual light exposures and circadian rest-activity cycles in 80 institutionalised patients with dementia. Blood samples were taken before and 4 weeks after the annual influenza vaccination. Patients with on average higher light exposure had higher specific antibody titer ratios after the influenza strain H3N2 vaccine. Circadian rest-activity amplitude and inter-daily stability were also higher in the group with higher daily light exposures. The results provide preliminary evidencefor beneficial effects of light on the immune system in patients with dementia.
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Yang Y, Wang X, Xiao A, Han J, Wang Z, Wen M. Ketogenic diet prevents chronic sleep deprivation-induced Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting iron dyshomeostasis and promoting repair via Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:998292. [PMID: 36118706 PMCID: PMC9475074 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.998292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is one of the main risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Ketogenic diet (KD) has been shown widely neuroprotective effects but less known about its effect on SD-induced AD. In the present study, a continuous 21 days SD mouse model with or without KD was established. The changes of cognitive function, pathological hallmarks of AD, ferroptosis, and intracellular signal pathways in mice were detected by Morris water maze, ThS staining, diaminobenzidine (DAB)-enhanced Perls’ stain, antioxidant assay, immuno-histochemistry, and western blot. The results showed that KD can prevent the cognitive deficiency, amyloid deposition and hyperphosphorylated tau induced by chronic SD. Analysis of ferroptosis revealed that KD can inhibit iron dyshomeostasis by down-regulating the expression of TfR1 and DMT1 and up-regulating the expression of FTH1, FPN1. Meanwhile, KD alleviated oxidative stress with elevated xCT/GPX4 axis, FSP1 and reduced MDA. In addition, KD could promote neuronal repair by enhancing BDNF and DCX. Further studies demonstrated that KD activated Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the hippocampus in SD-exposed mice. Our finding firstly suggested that KD could prevent chronic SD-induced AD by inhibiting ferroptosis and improving the neuronal repair ability via Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Dong Y, Cheng L, Zhao Y. Resetting the circadian clock of Alzheimer’s mice via GLP-1 injection combined with time-restricted feeding. Front Physiol 2022; 13:911437. [PMID: 36148311 PMCID: PMC9487156 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.911437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disturbances are the most common symptoms during the early onset of AD. Circadian rhythm disorders aggravate the deposition of amyloid plaques in the brains of AD patients. Therefore, improving the circadian rhythm of AD patients might slow down the pathological development of neurodegeneration. Circadian regulation is driven by a master clock in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and peripheral clock located in peripheral organs. The rhythmic feeding–fasting cycle has been proved to dominant cue to entrain peripheral clocks. We hypothesized that dietary intervention to a certain period of time during the dark phase might entrain the clock and reset the disrupted daily rhythms of AD mice. In this study, exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) treatment, time-restricted feeding (TRF), and the combination were used to examine the effect of overall circadian rhythm and neurodegenerative pathogenesis of transgenic AD mice. It was confirmed that GLP-1 administration together with time-restricted feeding improves circadian rhythm of 5 × FAD mice including the physiological rhythm of the activity–rest cycle, feeding–fasting cycle, core body temperature, and hormone secretion. Furthermore, GLP-1 and TRF treatments improved the diurnal metabolic homeostasis, spatial cognition, and learning of 5 × FAD mice. The aberrant expression of clock genes, including Baml1, Clock, and Dbp, was improved in the hypothalamus, and pathological changes in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation were also observed in AD mice with dual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Dong
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
- BGI-Yunnan, BGI-Shenzhen, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Yingying Zhao,
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Zhao X, Du W, Jiang J, Han Y. Brain Photobiomodulation Improves Sleep Quality in Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:1581-1589. [PMID: 35491787 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sleep appears to be a sensitive biomarker that facilitates early detection and effective intervention for Alzheimer’s disease, while subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Prefrontal cortex atrophy is associated with both sleep disruption and cognitive decline. Transcranial brain photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy can enhance frontal cortex oxygen consumption, increasing frontal cortex mediated memory function. Objective: This study aimed to test whether PBM therapy targeting the frontal cortex could improve sleep and cognitive function in SCD. Methods: Fifty-eight SCDs were divided into the PBM group (N = 32) in which real light therapy was administered and a sham light therapy group (N = 26). All the participants received either real light or sham light therapy for 6 days consecutively, while the sleep data were recorded. The n-back task was employed to measure each participant’s working memory. Results: We found no differences in sleep efficiency change (F = 211, p = 0.279), REM stage percent change (F = 420, p = 0.91), and wake-up time (F = 212, p = 0.277) between the two groups. The sleep efficiency and REM were improved within the true light group on the fifth day. The true light group perform better than the control group in the n-back test, the accuracy was higher in the 2-back test (88.6% versus 79.6%, p = 0.001), and the reaction time in 1-back was shorter (544.80±202.00 versus 592.87±222.05, p = 0.003). Conclusion: After five days of PBM therapy targeting the prefrontal cortex, sleep efficiency and N-back cognitive performance were improved on the fifth day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Du
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiehui Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Center of Alzheimer’s Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Diseases, Beijing, China
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Sleep in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of polysomnographic findings. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:136. [PMID: 35365609 PMCID: PMC8976015 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysomnography (PSG) studies of sleep changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have reported but not fully established the relationship between sleep disturbances and AD. To better detail this relationship, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported PSG differences between AD patients and healthy controls. An electronic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, All EBM databases, CINAHL, and PsycINFO inception to Mar 2021. Twenty-eight studies were identified for systematic review, 24 of which were used for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses revealed significant reductions in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and percentage of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and increases in sleep latency, wake time after sleep onset, number of awakenings, and REM latency in AD compared to controls. Importantly, both decreased SWS and REM were significantly associated with the severity of cognitive impairment in AD patients. Alterations in electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency components and sleep spindles were also observed in AD, although the supporting evidence for these changes was limited. Sleep in AD is compromised with increased measures of wake and decreased TST, SWS, and REM sleep relative to controls. AD-related reductions in SWS and REM sleep correlate with the degree of cognitive impairment. Alterations in sleep EEG frequency components such as sleep spindles may be possible biomarkers with relevance for diagnosing AD although their sensitivity and specificity remain to be clearly delineated. AD-related sleep changes are potential targets for early therapeutic intervention aimed at improving sleep and slowing cognitive decline.
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27
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Gray ALH, Sawaya MR, Acharyya D, Lou J, Edington EM, Best MD, Prosser RA, Eisenberg DS, Do TD. Atomic view of an amyloid dodecamer exhibiting selective cellular toxic vulnerability in acute brain slices. Protein Sci 2022; 31:716-727. [PMID: 34954854 PMCID: PMC8862425 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atomic structures of amyloid oligomers that capture the neurodegenerative disease pathology are essential to understand disease-state causes and finding cures. Here we investigate the G6W mutation of the cytotoxic, hexameric amyloid model KV11. The mutation results into an asymmetric dodecamer composed of a pair of 30° twisted antiparallel β-sheets. The complete break between adjacent β-strands is unprecedented among amyloid fibril crystal structures and supports that our structure is an oligomer. The poor shape complementarity between mated sheets reveals an interior channel for binding lipids, suggesting that the toxicity may be due to a perturbation of lipid transport rather than a direct disruption of membrane integrity. Viability assays on mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterior hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex demonstrated selective regional vulnerability consistent with Alzheimer's disease. Neuropeptides released from the brain slices may provide clues to how G6W initiates cellular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L. H. Gray
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Michael R. Sawaya
- HHMIUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Energy Institute for Genomics and ProteomicsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Debalina Acharyya
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jinchao Lou
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | | | - Michael D. Best
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Rebecca A. Prosser
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - David S. Eisenberg
- HHMIUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Department of Energy Institute for Genomics and ProteomicsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Thanh D. Do
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
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28
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation for sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease: A double-blind, randomized, and sham-controlled pilot study. Neurosci Lett 2022; 766:136337. [PMID: 34762980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are commonly comorbid with Alzheimer's disease (AD), And these disorders interfere with each other in many aspects. To date, pharmacological treatments for sleep disorders are still limited, and studies investigating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for sleep disorders in AD are still lacking. METHOD A single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel-arm, and sham-controlled pilot study was conducted in AD patients with sleep disorders. Seventy subjects were randomly divided into the following two groups: the sham group (SG) and the intervention group (IG). We evaluated sleep changes using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after the intervention. We also assessed the patients' cognitive function by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive section (ADAS-Cog). The intervention period was four weeks, and the patients were followed up in the 8th week to test the persistence of the effect of the rTMS intervention. RESULT Significant differences in the PSQI scores were found between the SG and IG at the end of the 4-week intervention (P = 0.001) and the 8-week follow-up (P < 0.001). There was also significant improvement in ADAS-Cog scores (4 weeks: P = 0.048, 8 weeks: P = 0.038). Activities of daily living (ADL) did not significantly differ between the SG and IG. CONCLUSION rTMS can effectively ameliorate sleep disorders in AD patients.
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29
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Taani MH, Kovach CR. Do Daytime Activity, Mood and Unit Tumult Predict Nighttime Sleep Quality of Long-Term Care Residents? Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 10:healthcare10010022. [PMID: 35052186 PMCID: PMC8775539 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the premise that stressors can have a cumulative effect on people with dementia throughout the day that contributes to negative consequences later in the day, we examined if daytime activity, unit tumult, and mood were associated with sleep quality. A convenience sample of 53 long-term care (LTC) residents participated in this correlational study. Objective sleep quality was measured using actigraphy, and comorbid illness and level of dementia were control variables. Half of the sample had a sleep efficiency that was less than 80% and was awake for more than 90 min at night. Comorbid illness, negative mood at bedtime, and daytime activity level accounted for 26.1% of the variance in total sleep minutes. Census changes and the use of temporary agency staff were associated with poor sleep. Findings suggest daytime activity, mood at bedtime, and unit tumult should be considered when designing and testing interventions to improve sleep quality.
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30
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Kumar M, Bansal N. A Revisit to Etiopathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:486-512. [PMID: 34792002 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666211118125233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a cluster of brain abnormalities that trigger progressive memory deficits and other cognitive abilities such as skills, language, or executive function. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the foremost type of age-associated dementia that involves progressive neurodegeneration accompanied by profound cognitive deficits in advanced stages that severely hamper social or occupational abilities with or without the involvement of any other psychiatric condition. The last two decades witnessed a sharp increase (~123%) in mortality due to AD type dementia, typically owing to a very low disclosure rate (~45%) and hence, the prophylactic, as well as the therapeutic cure of AD, has been a huge challenge. Although understanding of AD pathogenesis has witnessed a remarkable growth (e.g., tauopathy, oxidative stress, lipid transport, glucose uptake, apoptosis, synaptic dysfunction, inflammation, and immune system), still a dearth of an effective therapeutic agent in the management of AD prompts the quest for newer pharmacological targets in the purview of its growing epidemiological status. Most of the current therapeutic strategies focus on modulation of a single target, e.g., inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, glutamate excitotoxicity (memantine), or nootropics (piracetam), even though AD is a multifaceted neurological disorder. There is an impedance urgency to find not only symptomatic but effective disease-modifying therapies. The present review focuses on the risk / protective factors and pathogenic mechanisms involved in AD. In addition to the existing symptomatic therapeutic approach, a diverse array of possible targets linked to pathogenic cascades have been re-investigated to envisage the pharmacotherapeutic strategies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab. India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University (CBLU), Bhiwani, Haryana 127021. India
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31
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Cimenser A, Hempel E, Travers T, Strozewski N, Martin K, Malchano Z, Hajós M. Sensory-Evoked 40-Hz Gamma Oscillation Improves Sleep and Daily Living Activities in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:746859. [PMID: 34630050 PMCID: PMC8500065 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.746859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological proteins contributing to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are known to disrupt normal neuronal functions in the brain, leading to unbalanced neuronal excitatory-inhibitory tone, distorted neuronal synchrony, and network oscillations. However, it has been proposed that abnormalities in neuronal activity directly contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, and in fact it has been demonstrated that induction of synchronized 40 Hz gamma oscillation of neuronal networks by sensory stimulation reverses AD-related pathological markers in transgenic mice carrying AD-related human pathological genes. Based on these findings, the current study evaluated whether non-invasive sensory stimulation inducing cortical 40 Hz gamma oscillation is clinically beneficial for AD patients. Patients with mild to moderate AD (n = 22) were randomized to active treatment group (n = 14; gamma sensory stimulation therapy) or to sham group (n = 8). Participants in the active treatment group received precisely timed, 40 Hz visual and auditory stimulations during eye-closed condition to induce cortical 40 Hz steady-state oscillations in 1-h daily sessions over a 6-month period. Participants in the sham group were exposed to similar sensory stimulation designed to not evoke cortical 40 Hz steady-state oscillations that are observed in the active treatment patients. During the trial, nighttime activities of the patients were monitored with continuous actigraphy recordings, and their functional abilities were measured by Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study – Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) scale. Results of this study demonstrated that 1-h daily therapy was well tolerated throughout the 6-month treatment period by all subjects. Patients receiving gamma sensory stimulation showed significantly reduced nighttime active periods, in contrast, to deterioration in sleep quality in sham group patients. Patients in the sham group also showed the expected, significant decline in ADCS-ADL scores, whereas patients in the gamma sensory stimulation group fully maintained their functional abilities over the 6-month period. These findings confirm the safe application of 40 Hz sensory stimulation in AD patients and demonstrate a high adherence to daily treatment. Furthermore, this is the first time that beneficial clinical effects of the therapy are reported, justifying expanded and longer trials to explore additional clinical benefits and disease-modifying properties of gamma sensory stimulation therapy. Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT03556280.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Cimenser
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Evan Hempel
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Taylor Travers
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Karen Martin
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Zach Malchano
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Mihály Hajós
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Abstract
Insomnia is an important but widely ignored health problem in modern society. Despite unequivocal evidence on its large prevalence, health and social impacts, comorbidities, and various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic (behavioral and device-based) approaches, its effective management is still difficult and often incomplete. This article discusses the role of insomnia in modern societies, newer complicating factors, and its overall social and public health burden. Acute insomnia and sleep difficulties during pandemic and confinement are reviewed. The article also focuses on newer developments accumulating in the field of insomnia and possible future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson G Khachatryan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Titogradyan 14, Yerevan 0087, Armenia; Sleep and Movement Disorders Center, Somnus Neurology Clinic, Titogradyan 14, Yerevan 0087, Armenia.
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33
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Wang C, Gao WR, Yin J, Wang ZJ, Qi JS, Cai HY, Wu MN. Chronic sleep deprivation exacerbates cognitive and synaptic plasticity impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Behav Brain Res 2021; 412:113400. [PMID: 34087256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive deficits. Sleep deprivation (SD) could lead to memory deficits, and it was a candidate risk factor for AD. However, the effects of chronic SD on the cognitive functions of AD model mice and its possible mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, 8-month-old male APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wild type (WT) littermates were subjected to chronic SD by using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM), with 20 h of SD each day for 21 days. Then, the effects of chronic SD on cognitive functions in APP/PS1 mice were tested by using behavioral tests, the potential mechanisms were investigated by in vivo electrophysiological recording, western blot and immunochemistry. The results showed that chronic SD obviously aggravated the cognitive impairments, exacerbated in vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) suppression, reduced the expression level of PSD95, increased amyloid-β (Aβ) protein deposition and overactivated microglia in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. These results indicate that chronic SD exacerbates the cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice by accelerating the development of AD pathologies, reducing the expression of PSD95 and aggravating the LTP suppression in hippocampus. At the same time, chronic SD also impaired cognitive functions and synaptic plasticity in WT mice through down-regulating the level of PSD95 and activating microglia. These findings further clarify the electrophysiological and molecular mechanisms of exacerbated cognitive deficits in AD caused by chronic SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wen-Rui Gao
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jin-Shun Qi
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hong-Yan Cai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Mei-Na Wu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Duffy JF, Abbott SM, Burgess HJ, Crowley SJ, Emens JS, Epstein LJ, Gamble KL, Hasler BP, Kristo DA, Malkani RG, Rahman SA, Thomas SJ, Wyatt JK, Zee PC, Klerman EB. Workshop report. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders: gaps and opportunities. Sleep 2021; 44:zsaa281. [PMID: 33582815 PMCID: PMC8120340 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This White Paper presents the results from a workshop cosponsored by the Sleep Research Society (SRS) and the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms (SRBR) whose goals were to bring together sleep clinicians and sleep and circadian rhythm researchers to identify existing gaps in diagnosis and treatment and areas of high-priority research in circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWD). CRSWD are a distinct class of sleep disorders caused by alterations of the circadian time-keeping system, its entrainment mechanisms, or a misalignment of the endogenous circadian rhythm and the external environment. In these disorders, the timing of the primary sleep episode is either earlier or later than desired, irregular from day-to-day, and/or sleep occurs at the wrong circadian time. While there are incomplete and insufficient prevalence data, CRSWD likely affect at least 800,000 and perhaps as many as 3 million individuals in the United States, and if Shift Work Disorder and Jet Lag are included, then many millions more are impacted. The SRS Advocacy Taskforce has identified CRSWD as a class of sleep disorders for which additional high-quality research could have a significant impact to improve patient care. Participants were selected for their expertise and were assigned to one of three working groups: Phase Disorders, Entrainment Disorders, and Other. Each working group presented a summary of the current state of the science for their specific CRSWD area, followed by discussion from all participants. The outcome of those presentations and discussions are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne F Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sabra M Abbott
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Stephanie J Crowley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan S Emens
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Lawrence J Epstein
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Brant P Hasler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David A Kristo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Roneil G Malkani
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Shadab A Rahman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - S Justin Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - James K Wyatt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Elizabeth B Klerman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Ekundayo TC, Olasehinde TA, Okaiyeto K, Okoh AI. Microbial Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Assessment of Microorganisms' Implications in the Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:648484. [PMID: 33994926 PMCID: PMC8113417 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.648484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections have been linked to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to synthesise and assess global evidence of microbial pathogenesis and pathophysiology in AD (MPP-AD) and associated neurodegenerative conditions using integrated science mapping and content analytics to explore the associated research landscape. Relevant MPP-AD documents were retrieved from Web of Science and Scopus according to PRISMA principles and analysed for productivity/trend linked to authors/countries, thematic conceptual framework, and international collaborative networks. A total of 258 documents published from 136 sources to 39.42 average citations/document were obtained on MPP-AD. The co-authors per document were 7.6, and the collaboration index was 5.71. The annual research outputs increased tremendously in the last 6 years from 2014 to 2019, accounting for 66% compared with records in the early years from 1982 to 1990 (16%). The USA (n = 71, freq. = 30.34%), United Kingdom (n = 32, freq. = 13.68%) and China (n = 27, 11.54%) ranked in first three positions in term of country's productivity. Four major international collaboration clusters were found in MPP-AD research. The country collaboration network in MPP-AD was characteristic of sparse interaction and acquaintanceship (density = 0.11, diameter = 4). Overall, international collaboration is globally inadequate [centralisation statistics: degree (40.5%), closeness (4%), betweenness (23%), and eigenvector (76.7%)] against the robust authors' collaboration index of 5.71 in MPP-AD research. Furthermore, four conceptual thematic frameworks (CTF) namely, CTF#1, roles of microbial/microbiome infection and dysbiosis in cognitive dysfunctions; CTF#2, bacterial infection specific roles in dementia; CTF#3, the use of yeast as a model system for studying MPP-AD and remediation therapy; and CFT#4, flow cytometry elucidation of amyloid-beta and aggregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae model. Finally, aetiology-based mechanisms of MPP-AD, namely, gut microbiota, bacterial infection, and viral infection, were comprehensively discussed. This study provides an overview of MPP-AD and serves as a stepping stone for future preparedness in MPP-AD-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Tosin Abiola Olasehinde
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kunle Okaiyeto
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Kostin A, Alam MA, McGinty D, Alam MN. Adult hypothalamic neurogenesis and sleep-wake dysfunction in aging. Sleep 2021; 44:5986548. [PMID: 33202015 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian brain, adult neurogenesis has been extensively studied in the hippocampal sub-granular zone and the sub-ventricular zone of the anterolateral ventricles. However, growing evidence suggests that new cells are not only "born" constitutively in the adult hypothalamus, but many of these cells also differentiate into neurons and glia and serve specific functions. The preoptic-hypothalamic area plays a central role in the regulation of many critical functions, including sleep-wakefulness and circadian rhythms. While a role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in regulating hippocampus-dependent functions, including cognition, has been extensively studied, adult hypothalamic neurogenic process and its contributions to various hypothalamic functions, including sleep-wake regulation are just beginning to unravel. This review is aimed at providing the current understanding of the hypothalamic adult neurogenic processes and the extent to which it affects hypothalamic functions, including sleep-wake regulation. We propose that hypothalamic neurogenic processes are vital for maintaining the proper functioning of the hypothalamic sleep-wake and circadian systems in the face of regulatory challenges. Sleep-wake disturbance is a frequent and challenging problem of aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Aging is also associated with a decline in the neurogenic process. We discuss a hypothesis that a decrease in the hypothalamic neurogenic process underlies the aging of its sleep-wake and circadian systems and associated sleep-wake disturbance. We further discuss whether neuro-regenerative approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological stimulation of endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells in hypothalamic neurogenic niches, can be used for mitigating sleep-wake and other hypothalamic dysfunctions in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Kostin
- Research Service (151A3), Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Research Service (151A3), Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dennis McGinty
- Research Service (151A3), Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Md Noor Alam
- Research Service (151A3), Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, CA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Falgàs N, Walsh CM, Neylan TC, Grinberg LT. Deepen into sleep and wake patterns across Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1403-1406. [PMID: 33710762 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although, the clinical variants of Alzheimer's disease (AD) show distinct patterns of cognitive and behavioral decline, disease progression, and neuropathological features, it is unclear if this clinical heterogeneity extends to sleep-wake patterns. Sleep and wake disturbances are frequent in typical AD, often preceding memory loss and negatively impacting the quality of life of patients and caregivers alike. Still, sleep and wake disorders are often misdiagnosed and undertreated in typical AD. Better characterization of sleep-wake features in AD clinical variants is an unmet gap of high importance because these differing patterns may require tailored treatment strategies. Moreover, as wake-promoting neurons are located in subcortical nuclei and degenerate early in typical AD, contrasting the profiles of sleep-wake patterns in typical and atypical AD aids diagnosis and brings a unique opportunity to uncover the mechanisms underlying AD clinical variants at the subcortical level and mechanisms for selective neuronal vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Falgàs
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christine M Walsh
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas C Neylan
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Falck RS, Crockett RA, Davis JC, Khan KM, Liu-Ambrose T. Shining the Light on the MotionWatch8 Light Sensor for Sleep and Aging Research: What Can We Measure and What Are We Missing? J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:55-63. [PMID: 33681717 PMCID: PMC7903008 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor sleep is common among older adults at risk for dementia and may be due to circadian dysregulation. Light is the most important external stimulus to the circadian clock and bright light therapy (BLT) has been used for >20 years to help realign circadian rhythms. However, the ability of field methods (e.g., actigraphy) to accurately determine the type and intensity of light is unknown. Objective We examined the ability of the MotionWatch8 (MW8) light sensor to determine: 1) light versus dark, 2) electrical light versus daylight, and 3) device-based BLT versus light which was not BLT. Methods We tested the MW8 under 17 daily light scenarios. Light exposure data was collected for 5 minutes during each scenario. Concurrently, we measured light exposure using the LT40 Light Meter, a sensitive measure of light intensity. We then developed individual cut-points using receiver operator characteristics analyses to determine optimal MW8 cut-points for 1) light versus dark; 2) electrical light versus daylight; and 3) light from a BLT box versus light which was not BLT. Bland-Altman plots tested the precision of the MW8 compared to the LT40. Results The MW8 accurately discriminated light versus dark (>32 lux), and electrical light versus daylight (<323 lux). However, the MW8 had poor accuracy for 1) discriminating BLT from light which was not BLT; and 2) low precision compared to the LT40. Conclusion The MW8 appears to be able to discern light versus dark and electrical light versus daylight; however, there remains a need for accurate field methods capable of measuring light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Falck
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel A Crockett
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer C Davis
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Social & Economic Change Laboratory, Faculty of Management, University of British Columbia-Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Karim M Khan
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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de Figueiredo BGD, Rezende MTC, dos Santos NA, de Andrade MJO. Mapping changes in women's visual functions during the menstrual cycle: narrative review. SAO PAULO MED J 2021; 139:662-674. [PMID: 34787299 PMCID: PMC9634831 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0474.r2.03052021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article systematically updates the literature on changes in visual functions during the phases of the normal menstrual cycle in women. OBJECTIVES To update Guttridge's 1994 review of visual structures and functions associated with the menstrual cycle and broaden the search through psychophysical, neuroimaging and neurobehavioral measurements covering 1994-2020. DESIGN AND SETTING Narrative review conducted in a neurosciences and behavior laboratory in Brazil. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Clinical Answers and Google Scholar databases were searched. After screening and applying the eligibility criteria, 32 articles were examined. Through this analysis, the following information was extracted: (1) geographical distribution of the study; (2) sample size (according to age and phase of the menstrual cycle); (3) type of measurements according to psychophysical, neuroimaging and neurobehavioral instruments; (4) vision testing model; (5) visual subcategory evaluated; (6) categories of processed visual stimuli; and (7) main findings. RESULTS The menstrual phases give rise to significant changes in visual functions, including in relation to orientation and spatial attention, visual campimetry and visual sensitivity. These relate specifically to the follicular and luteal phases. CONCLUSIONS These findings theoretically expand the effects of menstrual cycles on visual functions found by Guttridge (1994). Despite some inconsistencies in the studies analyzed, it was found that visual processing during the follicular and luteal phases of the normal menstrual cycle of healthy women can explain physiological, cognitive, behavioral and social modulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Gabrielli Damascena de Figueiredo
- Psychology Student, Neurosciences and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology Perception, Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa (PB), Brazil.
| | - Maria Thalita Cardoso Rezende
- Psychology Student, Neurosciences and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology Perception, Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa (PB), Brazil.
| | - Natanael Antonio dos Santos
- PhD. Full Professor, Neurosciences and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology Perception, Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa (PB), Brazil.
| | - Michael Jackson Oliveira de Andrade
- PhD. Associate Professor, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chronobiology and Sleep Psychology, Department of Psychology, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Divinópolis (MG), Brazil.
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Li P, Gao L, Gaba A, Yu L, Cui L, Fan W, Lim ASP, Bennett DA, Buchman AS, Hu K. Circadian disturbances in Alzheimer's disease progression: a prospective observational cohort study of community-based older adults. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2020; 1:e96-e105. [PMID: 34179863 PMCID: PMC8232345 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(20)30015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian disturbances are commonly seen in people with Alzheimer's disease and have been reported in individuals without symptoms of dementia but with Alzheimer's pathology. We aimed to assess the temporal relationship between circadian disturbances and Alzheimer's progression. METHODS We did a prospective cohort study of 1401 healthy older adults (aged >59 years) enrolled in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA) who had been followed up for up to 15 years. Participants underwent annual assessments of cognition (with a battery of 21 cognitive performance tests) and motor activities (with actigraphy). Four measures were extracted from actigraphy to quantify daily and circadian rhythmicity, which were amplitude of 24-h activity rhythm, acrophase (representing peak activity time), interdaily stability of 24-h activity rhythm, and intradaily variability for hourly fragmentation of activity rhythm. We used Cox proportional hazards models and logistic regressions to assess whether circadian disturbances predict an increased risk of incident Alzheimer's dementia and conversion of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's dementia. We used linear mixed-effects models to investigate how circadian rhythms changed longitudinally and how the change integrated to Alzheimer's progression. FINDINGS Participants had a median age of 81·8 (IQR 76·3-85·7) years. Risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia was increased with lower amplitude (1 SD decrease, hazard ratio [HR] 1·39, 95% CI 1·19-1·62) and higher intradaily variability (1 SD increase, 1·22, 1·04-1·43). In participants with mild cognitive impairment, increased risk of Alzheimer's dementia was predicted by lower amplitude (1 SD decrease, HR 1·46, 95% CI 1·24-1·72), higher intradaily variability (1 SD increase, 1·36, 1·15-1·60), and lower interdaily stability (1 SD decrease, 1·21, 1·02-1·44). A faster transition to Alzheimer's dementia in participants with mild cognitive impairment was predicted by lower amplitude (1 SD decrease, odds ratio [OR] 2·08, 95% CI 1·53-2·93), increased intradaily variability (1 SD increase, 1·97, 1·43-2·79), and decreased interdaily stability (1 SD decrease, 1·35, 1·01-1·84). Circadian amplitude, acrophase, and interdaily stability progressively decreased over time, and intradaily variability progressively increased over time. Alzheimer's progression accelerated these aging effects by doubling or more than doubling the annual changes in these measures after the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, and further doubled them after the diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia. The longitudinal change of global cognition positively correlated with the longitudinal changes in amplitude and interdaily stability and negatively correlated with the longitudinal change in intradaily variability. INTERPRETATION Our results indicate a link between circadian dysregulation and Alzheimer's progression, implying either a bidirectional relation or shared common underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. FUNDING National Institutes of Health, and the BrightFocus Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Gao
- Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arlen Gaba
- Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Longchang Cui
- Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenqing Fan
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew S P Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kun Hu
- Medical Biodynamics Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Hwang YT, Piguet O, Hodges JR, Grunstein R, Burrell JR. Sleep and orexin: A new paradigm for understanding behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia? Sleep Med Rev 2020; 54:101361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Roy U, Heredia-Muñoz MT, Stute L, Höfling C, Matysik J, Meijer JH, Roßner S, Alia A. Degeneration of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model Monitored by in vivo Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Measurements and Immunohistochemistry. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 69:363-375. [PMID: 30958376 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), disturbances in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle are frequently observed. Both are controlled by the master clock: the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which was reported in postmortem studies of AD subjects to be compromised. However, the influence of age and gender on the biophysical integrity and subtle microstructural changes of SCN and mechanistic connections between SCN dysfunction and AD progression in vivo remain to be explored. In the present study, we utilized state-of-the-art in vivo magnetic resonance relaxation measurements in combination with immunohistochemistry to follow microstructural changes in SCN of the Tg2576 mouse model of AD. Longitudinal monitoring of in vivo T2 relaxation with age shows significant shortening of T2 values in the SCN of transgenic mice and more substantially in female transgenic than aged-matched controls. Multiexponential T2 analysis detected a unique long T2 component in SCN of transgenic mice which was absent in wild-type mice. Immunohistochemical examination revealed significantly elevated numbers of activated astrocytes and an increase in the astrocyte to neuron ratio in SCN of transgenic compared to wild-type mice. This increase was more substantial in female than in male transgenic mice. In addition, low GABA production in SCN of transgenic mice was detected. Our results offer a brief appraisal of SCN dysfunction in AD and demonstrate that inflammatory responses may be an underlying perpetrator for the changes in circadian rhythmicity and sleep disturbance in AD and could also be at the root of marked sex disparities observed in AD subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Roy
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Lara Stute
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Corinna Höfling
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanna H Meijer
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Steffen Roßner
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Alia
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Sleep maintains the function of the entire body through homeostasis. Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) is a prime health concern in the modern world. Previous reports have shown that CSD has profound negative effects on brain vasculature at both the cellular and molecular levels, and that this is a major cause of cognitive dysfunction and early vascular ageing. However, correlations among sleep deprivation (SD), brain vascular changes and ageing have barely been looked into. This review attempts to correlate the alterations in the levels of major neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, adrenaline, GABA and glutamate) and signalling molecules (Sirt1, PGC1α, FOXO, P66shc, PARP1) in SD and changes in brain vasculature, cognitive dysfunction and early ageing. It also aims to connect SD-induced loss in the number of dendritic spines and their effects on alterations in synaptic plasticity, cognitive disabilities and early vascular ageing based on data available in scientific literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article providing a pathophysiological basis to link SD to brain vascular ageing.
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44
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Wells AM, García-Cabezas MÁ, Barbas H. Topological atlas of the hypothalamus in adult rhesus monkey. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1777-1803. [PMID: 32556476 PMCID: PMC7321918 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prosomeric model explains the embryological development of the central nervous system (CNS) shared by all vertebrates as a Bauplan. As a primary event, the early neural plate is patterned by intersecting longitudinal plates and transverse segments, forming a mosaic of progenitor units. The hypothalamus is specified by three prosomeres (hp1, hp2, and the acroterminal domain) of the secondary prosencephalon with corresponding alar and basal plate parts, which develop apart from the diencephalon. Mounting evidence suggests that progenitor units within alar and basal plate parts of hp1 and hp2 give rise to distinct hypothalamic nuclei, which preserve their relative invariant positioning (topology) in the adult brain. Nonetheless, the principles of the prosomeric model have not been applied so far to the hypothalamus of adult primates. We parcellated hypothalamic nuclei in adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using various stains to view architectonic boundaries. We then analyzed the topological relations of hypothalamic nuclei and adjacent hypothalamic landmarks with homology across rodent and primate species to trace the origin of adult hypothalamic nuclei to the alar or basal plate components of hp1 and hp2. We generated a novel atlas of the hypothalamus of the adult rhesus monkey with developmental ontologies for each hypothalamic nucleus. The result is a systematic reinterpretation of the adult hypothalamus whose prosomeric ontology can be used to study relationships between the hypothalamus and other regions of the CNS. Further, our atlas may serve as a tool to predict causal patterns in physiological and pathological pathways involving the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Wells
- Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Neural Systems Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | | | - Helen Barbas
- Department of Health Sciences, Neural Systems Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Yao Y, Ying Y, Deng Q, Zhang W, Zhu H, Lin Z, Zhang S, Ma J, Zhao Y. Non-invasive 40-Hz Light Flicker Ameliorates Alzheimer's-Associated Rhythm Disorder via Regulating Central Circadian Clock in Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:294. [PMID: 32390857 PMCID: PMC7193101 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients often exhibit perturbed circadian rhythm with fragmented sleep before disease onset. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a 40-Hz light flicker on circadian rhythm in an AD mouse model (APP/PS1). Locomotor rhythms recordings were conducted to examine the circadian clock rhythm in APP/PS1 mice. Molecular biology analyses, including western blot and real-time qPCR assays, were conducted to assess the changes in circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK), brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1), and period 2 (PER2). In addition to determining the direct effect of a 40-Hz light flicker on hypothalamic central clock, whole-cell voltage-clamp electrophysiology was employed to record individual neurons of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) sections. The results reported herein demonstrate that a 40-Hz light flicker relieves circadian rhythm disorders in APP/PS1 mice and returns the expression levels of key players in the central circadian clock, including Clock, Bmal1, and Per2, to baseline. Moreover, the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) in SCN neurons is significantly lower in APP/PS1 mice than in the control, and the amplitude of sIPSCs is decreased. Exposure to a 40-Hz light flicker significantly increases the sIPSC frequency in SCN neurons of APP/PS1 mice, with little effect on the amplitude. However, the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) are both unaffected by a 40-Hz light flicker. The data suggest that a 40-Hz light flicker can ameliorate AD-associated circadian rhythm disorders, presenting a new type of therapeutic treatment for rhythm disorders caused by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Yao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiyu Deng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjiang Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huazhang Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenglong Lin
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengli Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxian Ma
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Cruz-Aguilar MA, Ramírez-Salado I, Hernández-González M, Guevara MA, Del Río JM. Melatonin effects on EEG activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer´s disease: a pilot study. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:580-590. [PMID: 32228330 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1750392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence to suggest that melatonin diminishes non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) latency in patients with Alzheimer´s disease (AD). However, melatonin's effects on cortical activity during NREMS in AD have not been studied. The objective of this research was to analyze the effects of melatonin on cortical activity during the stages of NREMS in 8 mild-to-moderate AD patients that received 5-mg of fast-release melatonin. METHODS During a single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, polysomnographic recordings were obtained from C3-A1, C4-A2, F7-T3, F8-T4, F3-F4 and O1-O2. Also, the relative power (RP) and EEG coherences of the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2 and gamma bands were calculated during NREMS-1, NREMS-2 and NREMS-3. These sleep latencies and all EEG data were then compared between the placebo and melatonin conditions. RESULTS During NREMS-2, a significant RP increase was observed in the theta band of the left-central hemisphere. During NREMS-3, significant RP decreases in the beta bands were recorded in the right-central hemisphere, compared to the placebo group. After melatonin administration, significant decreases of EEG coherences in the beta2, beta1 and gamma bands were observed in the right hemisphere during NREMS-3. DISCUSSION We conclude that short NREMS onset related to melatonin intake in AD patients is associated with a significant RP increase in the theta band and a decrease in RP and EEG coherences in the beta and gamma bands during NREMS-3. These results suggest that the GABAergic pathways are preserved in mild-to-moderate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alejandro Cruz-Aguilar
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz," Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Cronobiología y Sueño, CDMX, México
| | - Ignacio Ramírez-Salado
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz," Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Cronobiología y Sueño, CDMX, México
| | - Marisela Hernández-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CUCBA, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología de la Conducta Reproductiva, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Miguel Angel Guevara
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CUCBA, Laboratorio de Correlación Electroencefalográfica y Conducta, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Jahaziel Molina Del Río
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Laboratorio de Neuropsicología, División de Estudios de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca, Jalisco, México
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Singh AK, Singh SK, Nandi MK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Rai A, Rai GK, Awasthi R, Sharma B, Kulkarni GT. Berberine: A Plant-derived Alkaloid with Therapeutic Potential to Combat Alzheimer's disease. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:154-170. [PMID: 31429696 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190820160053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (a protoberberine isoquinoline alkaloid) has shown promising pharmacological activities, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, cardioprotective, memory enhancement, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, antimicrobial, anti- HIV and cholesterol-lowering effects. It is used in the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. It has strong evidence to serve as a potent phytoconstituent in the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. It limits the extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. It has also lipid-glucose lowering ability, hence can be used as a protective agent in atherosclerosis and AD. However, more detailed investigations along with safety assessment of berberine are warranted to clarify its role in limiting various risk factors and AD-related pathologies. This review highlights the pharmacological basis to control oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and protective effect of berberine in AD, which will benefit to the biological scientists in understanding and exploring the new vistas of berberine in combating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manmath K Nandi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arati Rai
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Lucknow-226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopal K Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Khuzhakhmetova LK, Teply DL, Bazhanova ED. Pharmacological Correction of Alterations in Apoptosis of Neurons of the Hypothalamic Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Pinealocytes in Rats during Aging and under Stress. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057020020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Clement A, Wiborg O, Asuni AA. Steps Towards Developing Effective Treatments for Neuropsychiatric Disturbances in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From Preclinical Models, Clinical Data, and Future Directions. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:56. [PMID: 32210790 PMCID: PMC7068814 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. It is mostly known for its devastating effect on memory and learning but behavioral alterations commonly known as neuropsychiatric disturbances (NPDs) are also characteristics of the disease. These include apathy, depression-like behavior, and sleep disturbances, and they all contribute to an increased caregiver burden and earlier institutionalization. The interaction between NPDs and AD pathology is not well understood, but the consensus is that they contribute to disease progression and faster decline. Consequently, recognizing and treating NPDs might improve AD pathology and increase the quality of life for both patients and caregivers. In this review article, we examine previous and current literature on apathy, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbances in AD patients and preclinical AD mechanistic models. We hypothesize that tau accumulation, beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial damage, and loss of the locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) system all collectively impact the development of NPDs and contribute synergistically to AD pathology. Targeting more than one of these processes might provide the most optimal strategy for treating NPDs and AD. The development of such clinical approaches would be preceded by preclinical studies, for which robust and reliable mechanistic models of NPD-like behavior are needed. Thus, developing effective preclinical research models represents an important step towards a better understanding of NPDs in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Clement
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Physiology and Symptoms, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ove Wiborg
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ayodeji A. Asuni
- Department of Physiology and Symptoms, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ferini-Strambi L, Galbiati A, Casoni F, Salsone M. Therapy for Insomnia and Circadian Rhythm Disorder in Alzheimer Disease. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2020; 22:4. [PMID: 32025925 DOI: 10.1007/s11940-020-0612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW There is strong evidence for a bidirectional association between sleep disorders and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, insomnia may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for AD. The present review summarizes recent advances in treatment of sleep disorders in AD. RECENT FINDINGS Some studies investigated the efficacy and safety of hypnotic agents as ramelteon and mirtazapine to treat sleep disorders in AD but no significant therapeutic effects have been observed. Benzodiazepines are the most frequently used medication for treatment of insomnia but they may cause significant side effects in old subjects. Suvorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, showed a positive effect on AD insomnia. Recent report suggests an association between trazodone use and delayed cognitive decline in AD. With respect to circadian rhythm disorders, non-pharmacological treatments, especially bright light therapy, could be useful and safe options for treatment in AD. Some pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments might have benefits in AD patients with sleep disturbances, but further well-designed controlled trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology-Sleep Disorder Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Galbiati
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Casoni
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology-Sleep Disorder Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Salsone
- National Research Council, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, Catanzaro, Italy
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