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Gong Q, Jiang R, Ji L, Lin H, Liu M, Tang X, Yang Y, Han W, Chen J, Guo Z, Wang Q, Li Q, Wang X, Jiang T, Xie S, Yang X, Zhou P, Shi Z, Lin X. Establishment of a human organoid-based evaluation system for assessing interspecies infection risk of animal-borne coronaviruses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2327368. [PMID: 38531008 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2327368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presents a major threat to global public health. Several lines of evidence have shown that the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with two other highly pathogenic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) originated from bats. To prevent and control future coronavirus outbreaks, it is necessary to investigate the interspecies infection and pathogenicity risks of animal-related coronaviruses. Currently used infection models, including in vitro cell lines and in vivo animal models, fail to fully mimic the primary infection in human tissues. Here, we employed organoid technology as a promising new model for studying emerging pathogens and their pathogenic mechanisms. We investigated the key host-virus interaction patterns of five human coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2 original strain, Omicron BA.1, MERS-CoV, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-OC43) in different human respiratory organoids. Five indicators, including cell tropism, invasion preference, replication activity, host response and virus-induced cell death, were developed to establish a comprehensive evaluation system to predict coronavirus interspecies infection and pathogenicity risks. Using this system, we further examined the pathogenicity and interspecies infection risks of three SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV), including WIV1 and rRsSHC014S from bats, and MpCoV-GX from pangolins. Moreover, we found that cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive plant extract, exhibits significant inhibitory effects on various coronaviruses in human lung organoid. Cannabidiol significantly enhanced interferon-stimulated gene expression but reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines. In summary, our study established a reliable comprehensive evaluation system to analyse infection and pathogenicity patterns of zoonotic coronaviruses, which could aid in prevention and control of potentially emerging coronavirus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rendi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Haofeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishuo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhe Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglou Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
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Lee Y, Lee MK, Lee HR, Kim B, Kim M, Jung S. 3D-printed airway model as a platform for SARS-CoV-2 infection and antiviral drug testing. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122689. [PMID: 38944967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
We present a bioprinted three-layered airway model with a physiologically relevant microstructure for the study of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection dynamics. This model exhibited clear cell-cell junctions and mucus secretion with an efficient expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Having infected air-exposed epithelial cells in the upper layer with a minimum multiplicity of infection of 0.01, the airway model showed a marked susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 within one-day post-infection (dpi). Furthermore, the unique longevity allowed the observation of cytopathic effects and barrier degradation for 21 dpi. The in-depth transcriptomic analysis revealed dramatic changes in gene expression affecting the infection pathway, viral proliferation, and host immune response which are consistent with COVID-19 patient data. Finally, the treatment of antiviral agents, such as remdesivir and molnupiravir, through the culture medium underlying the endothelium resulted in a marked inhibition of viral replication within the epithelium. The bioprinted airway model can be used as a manufacturable physiological platform to study disease pathogeneses and drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Kyu Lee
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Rim Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungil Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Meehyein Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungjune Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea; Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Yao Q, Cheng S, Pan Q, Yu J, Cao G, Li L, Cao H. Organoids: development and applications in disease models, drug discovery, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e735. [PMID: 39309690 PMCID: PMC11416091 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are miniature, highly accurate representations of organs that capture the structure and unique functions of specific organs. Although the field of organoids has experienced exponential growth, driven by advances in artificial intelligence, gene editing, and bioinstrumentation, a comprehensive and accurate overview of organoid applications remains necessary. This review offers a detailed exploration of the historical origins and characteristics of various organoid types, their applications-including disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine-as well as the current challenges and future directions of organoid research. Organoids have proven instrumental in elucidating genetic cell fate in hereditary diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and malignancies, as well as in the study of processes such as embryonic development, molecular mechanisms, and host-microbe interactions. Furthermore, the integration of organoid technology with artificial intelligence and microfluidics has significantly advanced large-scale, rapid, and cost-effective drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, thereby propelling progress in precision medicine. Finally, with the advent of high-performance materials, three-dimensional printing technology, and gene editing, organoids are also gaining prominence in the field of regenerative medicine. Our insights and predictions aim to provide valuable guidance to current researchers and to support the continued advancement of this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qigu Yao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guoqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Physic‐Chemical and Aging‐Related InjuriesHangzhouChina
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Gupta P, Dev K, Kaur G. Phytoconstituents as modulator of inflammatory pathways for COVID-19: A comprehensive review and recommendations. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39246209 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes disruptions in inflammatory pathways, which fundamentally contribute to COVID-19 pathophysiology. The present review critically evaluates the gaps in scientific literature and presents the current status regarding the inflammatory signaling pathways in COVID-19. We propose that phytoconstituents can be used to treat COVID-19 associated inflammation, several already formulated in traditional medications. For this purpose, extensive literature analysis was conducted in the PubMed database to collect relevant in vitro, in vivo, and human patient studies where inflammation pathways were shown to be upregulated in COVID-19. Parallelly, scientific literature was screened for phytoconstituents with known cellular mechanisms implicated for inflammation or COVID-19 associated inflammation. Studies with insufficient evidence on cellular pathways for autophagy and mitophagy were considered out of scope and excluded from the study. The final analysis was visualized in figures and evaluated for accuracy. Our findings demonstrate the frequent participation of NF-κB, a transcription factor, in inflammatory signaling pathways linked to COVID-19. Moreover, the MAPK signaling pathway is also implicated in producing inflammatory molecules. Furthermore, it was also analyzed that the phytoconstituents with flavonoid and phenolic backbones could inhibit either the TLR4 receptor or its consecutive signaling molecules, thereby, decreasing NF-κB activity and suppressing cytokine production. Although, allopathy has treated the early phase of COVID-19, anti-inflammatory phytoconstituents and existing ayurvedic formulations may act on the COVID-19 associated inflammatory pathways and provide an additional treatment strategy. Therefore, we recommend the usage of flavonoids and phenolic phytoconstituents for the treatment of inflammation associated with COVID-19 infection and similar viral ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Gupta
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kamal Dev
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Gurjot Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
- National Center cum Department of Human Genome Research Center and Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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5
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Li R, Sone N, Gotoh S, Sun X, Hagood JS. Contemporary and emerging technologies for research in children's rare and interstitial lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:2349-2359. [PMID: 37204232 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although recent decades have seen the identification, classification and discovery of the genetic basis of many children's interstitial and rare lung disease (chILD) disorders, detailed understanding of pathogenesis and specific therapies are still lacking for most of them. Fortunately, a revolution of technological advancements has created new opportunities to address these critical knowledge gaps. High-throughput sequencing has facilitated analysis of transcription of thousands of genes in thousands of single cells, creating tremendous breakthroughs in understanding normal and diseased cellular biology. Spatial techniques allow analysis of transcriptomes and proteomes at the subcellular level in the context of tissue architecture, in many cases even in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens. Gene editing techniques allow creation of "humanized" animal models in a shorter time frame, for improved knowledge and preclinical therapeutic testing. Regenerative medicine approaches and bioengineering advancements facilitate the creation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and their differentiation into tissue-specific cell types which can be studied in multicellular "organoids" or "organ-on-a-chip" approaches. These technologies, singly and in combination, are already being applied to gain new biological insights into chILD disorders. The time is ripe to systematically apply these technologies to chILD, together with sophisticated data science approaches, to improve both biological understanding and disease-specific therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, UC-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Naoyuki Sone
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shimpei Gotoh
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, UC-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - James S Hagood
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonology Division, Program for Rare and Interstitial Lung Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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6
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Moro-López M, Farré R, Otero J, Sunyer R. Trusting the forces of our cell lines. Cells Dev 2024; 179:203931. [PMID: 38852676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Cells isolated from their native tissues and cultured in vitro face different selection pressures than those cultured in vivo. These pressures induce a profound transformation that reshapes the cell, alters its genome, and transforms the way it senses and generates forces. In this perspective, we focus on the evidence that cells cultured on conventional polystyrene substrates display a fundamentally different mechanobiology than their in vivo counterparts. We explore the role of adhesion reinforcement in this transformation and to what extent it is reversible. We argue that this mechanoadaptation is often understood as a mechanical memory. We propose some strategies to mitigate the effects of on-plastic culture on mechanobiology, such as organoid-inspired protocols or mechanical priming. While isolating cells from their native tissues and culturing them on artificial substrates has revolutionized biomedical research, it has also transformed cellular forces. Only by understanding and controlling them, we can improve their truthfulness and validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Moro-López
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-RES), Barcelona, Spain; Institut Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-RES), Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sunyer
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.
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7
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Cai XT, Jia M, Heigl T, Shamir ER, Wong AK, Hall BM, Arlantico A, Hung J, Menon HG, Darmanis S, Brightbill HD, Garfield DA, Rock JR. IL-4-induced SOX9 confers lineage plasticity to aged adult lung stem cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114569. [PMID: 39088319 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing in response to acute injury is mediated by the coordinated and transient activation of parenchymal, stromal, and immune cells that resolves to homeostasis. Environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors associated with inflammation and aging can lead to persistent activation of the microenvironment and fibrosis. Here, we identify opposing roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokine signaling in interstitial macrophages and type II alveolar epithelial cells (ATIIs). We show that IL4Ra signaling in macrophages promotes regeneration of the alveolar epithelium after bleomycin-induced lung injury. Using organoids and mouse models, we show that IL-4 directly acts on a subset of ATIIs to induce the expression of the transcription factor SOX9 and reprograms them toward a progenitor-like state with both airway and alveolar lineage potential. In the contexts of aging and bleomycin-induced lung injury, this leads to aberrant epithelial cell differentiation and bronchiolization, consistent with cellular and histological changes observed in interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu T Cai
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Minxue Jia
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Joint Carnegie Mellon University-University of Pittsburgh Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tobias Heigl
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Eliah R Shamir
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Aaron K Wong
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ben M Hall
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alexander Arlantico
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hung
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hari G Menon
- Department of Next Generation Sequencing and Microchemistry, Proteomics, and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Spyros Darmanis
- Department of Next Generation Sequencing and Microchemistry, Proteomics, and Lipidomics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hans D Brightbill
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David A Garfield
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jason R Rock
- Immunology Discovery and Regenerative Medicine, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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Pechous RD, Malaviarachchi PA, Banerjee SK, Byrum SD, Alkam DH, Ghaffarieh A, Kurten RC, Kennedy JL, Zhang X. An ex vivo human precision-cut lung slice platform provides insight into SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and antiviral drug efficacy. J Virol 2024; 98:e0079424. [PMID: 38940558 PMCID: PMC11265413 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00794-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed millions of lives since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and lung disease appears the primary cause of death in COVID-19 patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 pathogenesis remain elusive, and there is no existing model where human disease can be faithfully recapitulated and conditions for the infection process can be experimentally controlled. Herein we report the establishment of an ex vivo human precision-cut lung slice (hPCLS) platform for studying SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity and innate immune responses, and for evaluating the efficacy of antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2. We show that while SARS-CoV-2 continued to replicate during the course of infection of hPCLS, infectious virus production peaked within 2 days, and rapidly declined thereafter. Although most proinflammatory cytokines examined were induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, the degree of induction and types of cytokines varied significantly among hPCLS from individual donors. Two cytokines in particular, IP-10 and IL-8, were highly and consistently induced, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Histopathological examination revealed focal cytopathic effects late in the infection. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified molecular signatures and cellular pathways that are largely consistent with the progression of COVID-19 in patients. Furthermore, we show that homoharringtonine, a natural plant alkaloid derived from Cephalotoxus fortunei, not only inhibited virus replication but also production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and thus ameliorated the histopathological changes caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, demonstrating the usefulness of the hPCLS platform for evaluating antiviral drugs. IMPORTANCE Here, established an ex vivo human precision-cut lung slice platform for assessing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, viral replication kinetics, innate immune response, disease progression, and antiviral drugs. Using this platform, we identified early induction of specific cytokines, especially IP-10 and IL-8, as potential predictors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and uncovered a hitherto unrecognized phenomenon that while infectious virus disappears at late times of infection, viral RNA persists and lung histopathology commences. This finding may have important clinical implications for both acute and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. This platform recapitulates some of the characteristics of lung disease observed in severe COVID-19 patients and is therefore a useful platform for understanding mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and for evaluating the efficacy of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger D. Pechous
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Priyangi A. Malaviarachchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Srijon K. Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Stephanie D. Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Duah H. Alkam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Alireza Ghaffarieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Richard C. Kurten
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Lung Cell Biology Laboratory, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joshua L. Kennedy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Lung Cell Biology Laboratory, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Tan Q, Wellmerling JH, Song S, Dresler SR, Meridew JA, Choi KM, Li Y, Prakash Y, Tschumperlin DJ. Targeting CEBPA to restore cellular identity and tissue homeostasis in pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175290. [PMID: 39012710 PMCID: PMC11343593 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis in the lung is thought to be driven by epithelial cell dysfunction and aberrant cell-cell interactions. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms of cellular plasticity and cell-cell interactions is imperative to elucidating lung regenerative capacity and aberrant repair in pulmonary fibrosis. By mining publicly available RNA-Seq data sets, we identified loss of CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) as a candidate contributor to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We used conditional KO mice, scRNA-Seq, lung organoids, small-molecule inhibition, and potentially novel gene manipulation methods to investigate the role of CEBPA in lung fibrosis and repair. Long-term (6 months or more) of Cebpa loss in AT2 cells caused spontaneous fibrosis and increased susceptibility to bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Cebpa knockout (KO) in these mice significantly decreased AT2 cell numbers in the lung and reduced expression of surfactant homeostasis genes, while increasing inflammatory cell recruitment as well as upregulating S100a8/a9 in AT2 cells. In vivo treatment with an S100A8/A9 inhibitor alleviated experimental lung fibrosis. Restoring CEBPA expression in lung organoids ex vivo and during experimental lung fibrosis in vivo rescued CEBPA deficiency-mediated phenotypes. Our study establishes a direct mechanistic link between CEBPA repression, impaired AT2 cell identity, disrupted tissue homeostasis, and lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jack H. Wellmerling
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shengren Song
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sara R. Dresler
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meridew
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kyoung M. Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Y.S. Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel J. Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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10
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Yin Y, Zeng Z, Wei S, Shen Z, Cong Z, Zhu X. Using the sympathetic system, beta blockers and alpha-2 agonists, to address acute respiratory distress syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112670. [PMID: 39018694 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) manifests as an acute inflammatory lung injury characterized by persistent hypoxemia, featuring a swift onset, high mortality, and predominantly supportive care as the current therapeutic approach, while effective treatments remain an area of active investigation. Adrenergic receptors (AR) play a pivotal role as stress hormone receptors, extensively participating in various inflammatory processes by initiating downstream signaling pathways. Advancements in molecular biology and pharmacology continually unveil the physiological significance of distinct AR subtypes. Interventions targeting these subtypes have the potential to induce specific alterations in cellular and organismal functions, presenting a promising avenue as a therapeutic target for managing ARDS. This article elucidates the pathogenesis of ARDS and the basic structure and function of AR. It also explores the relationship between AR and ARDS from the perspective of different AR subtypes, aiming to provide new insights for the improvement of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojin Zeng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Senhao Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyuan Shen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhukai Cong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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11
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Turner DL, Amoozadeh S, Baric H, Stanley E, Werder RB. Building a human lung from pluripotent stem cells to model respiratory viral infections. Respir Res 2024; 25:277. [PMID: 39010108 PMCID: PMC11251358 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
To protect against the constant threat of inhaled pathogens, the lung is equipped with cellular defenders. In coordination with resident and recruited immune cells, this defence is initiated by the airway and alveolar epithelium following their infection with respiratory viruses. Further support for viral clearance and infection resolution is provided by adjacent endothelial and stromal cells. However, even with these defence mechanisms, respiratory viral infections are a significant global health concern, causing substantial morbidity, socioeconomic losses, and mortality, underlining the need to develop effective vaccines and antiviral medications. In turn, the identification of new treatment options for respiratory infections is critically dependent on the availability of tractable in vitro experimental models that faithfully recapitulate key aspects of lung physiology. For such models to be informative, it is important these models incorporate human-derived, physiologically relevant versions of all cell types that normally form part of the lungs anti-viral response. This review proposes a guideline using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to create all the disease-relevant cell types. iPSCs can be differentiated into lung epithelium, innate immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts at a large scale, recapitulating in vivo functions and providing genetic tractability. We advocate for building comprehensive iPSC-derived in vitro models of both proximal and distal lung regions to better understand and model respiratory infections, including interactions with chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan L Turner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Sahel Amoozadeh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Hannah Baric
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Ed Stanley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
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12
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Cohen ML, Brumwell AN, Ho TC, Garakani K, Montas G, Leong D, Ding VW, Golden JA, Trinh BN, Jablons DM, Matthay MA, Jones KD, Wolters PJ, Wei Y, Chapman HA, Le Saux CJ. A fibroblast-dependent TGF-β1/sFRP2 noncanonical Wnt signaling axis promotes epithelial metaplasia in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174598. [PMID: 38980870 PMCID: PMC11405054 DOI: 10.1172/jci174598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between alveolar fibroblasts and epithelial cells are crucial for lung homeostasis, injury repair, and fibrogenesis, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate, we administered the fibroblast-selective TGF-β1 signaling inhibitor epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients undergoing diagnostic lung biopsy and conducted single-cell RNA-Seq on spare tissue. Biopsies from untreated patients showed higher fibroblast TGF-β1 signaling compared with nondisease donor or end-stage ILD tissues. In vivo, EGCG downregulated TGF-β1 signaling and several proinflammatory and stress pathways in biopsy samples. Notably, EGCG reduced fibroblast secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2), an unrecognized TGF-β1 fibroblast target gene induced near type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) in situ. Using AEC2-fibroblast coculture organoids and precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs) from nondiseased donors, we found TGF-β1 signaling promotes a spread AEC2 KRT17+ basaloid state, whereupon sFRP2 then activates a mature cytokeratin 5+ (Krt5+) basal cell program. Wnt-receptor Frizzled 5 (Fzd5) expression and downstream calcineurin signaling were required for sFRP2-induced nuclear NFATc3 accumulation and KRT5 expression. These findings highlight stage-specific TGF-β1 signaling in ILD and the therapeutic potential of EGCG in reducing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-related (IPF-related) transcriptional changes and identify TGF-β1/noncanonical Wnt pathway crosstalk via sFRP2 as a mechanism for dysfunctional epithelial signaling in IPF/ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L. Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Alexis N. Brumwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Tsung Che Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Kiana Garakani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Genevieve Montas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Darren Leong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | | | - Jeffrey A. Golden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Binh N. Trinh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, and
| | | | - Michael A. Matthay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Kirk D. Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul J. Wolters
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Harold A. Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
| | - Claude Jourdan Le Saux
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine
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13
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Thangam T, Parthasarathy K, Supraja K, Haribalaji V, Sounderrajan V, Rao SS, Jayaraj S. Lung Organoids: Systematic Review of Recent Advancements and its Future Perspectives. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:653-671. [PMID: 38466362 PMCID: PMC11187038 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are essentially an in vitro (lab-grown) three-dimensional tissue culture system model that meticulously replicates the structure and physiology of human organs. A few of the present applications of organoids are in the basic biological research area, molecular medicine and pharmaceutical drug testing. Organoids are crucial in connecting the gap between animal models and human clinical trials during the drug discovery process, which significantly lowers the time duration and cost associated with each stage of testing. Likewise, they can be used to understand cell-to-cell interactions, a crucial aspect of tissue biology and regeneration, and to model disease pathogenesis at various stages of the disease. Lung organoids can be utilized to explore numerous pathophysiological activities of a lung since they share similarities with its function. Researchers have been trying to recreate the complex nature of the lung by developing various "Lung organoids" models.This article is a systematic review of various developments of lung organoids and their potential progenitors. It also covers the in-depth applications of lung organoids for the advancement of translational research. The review discusses the methodologies to establish different types of lung organoids for studying the regenerative capability of the respiratory system and comprehending various respiratory diseases.Respiratory diseases are among the most common worldwide, and the growing burden must be addressed instantaneously. Lung organoids along with diverse bio-engineering tools and technologies will serve as a novel model for studying the pathophysiology of various respiratory diseases and for drug screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thangam
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India
| | - Krupakar Parthasarathy
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India.
| | - K Supraja
- Medway Hospitals, No 2/26, 1st Main Road, Kodambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600024, India
| | - V Haribalaji
- VivagenDx, No. 28, Venkateswara Nagar, 100 Feet Bypass Road, Velachery, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600042, India
| | - Vignesh Sounderrajan
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India
| | - Sudhanarayani S Rao
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India
| | - Sakthivel Jayaraj
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India
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14
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Boo HJ, Min HY, Lim HB, Lee E, Lee HY. Autocrine insulin-like growth factor 2 signaling as a potential target in the associated development of pulmonary emphysema and cancer in smokers. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:31. [PMID: 38902841 PMCID: PMC11191215 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking causes pulmonary inflammation, resulting in emphysema, an independent risk factor for lung cancer. Induction of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in response to lung injury by tobacco carcinogens, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene in combination (NB), is critical for the proliferation of alveolar type 2 cells (AT2s) for lung repair. However, persistent IGF2 overexpression during NB-induced severe injury results in hyperproliferation of AT2s without coordinated AT2-to-AT1 differentiation, disrupting alveolar repair, which leads to the concurrent development of emphysema and lung cancer. The current study aims to verify the role of IGF2 signaling in the associated development of emphysema and cancer and develop effective pharmaceuticals for the diseases using animal models that recapitulate the characteristics of these chronic diseases. METHODS The pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema and cancer was analyzed by lung function testing, histological evaluation, in situ zymography, dihydroethidium staining, and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analyses utilizing mouse models of emphysema and cancer established by moderate exposure to NB for up to seven months. RESULTS Moderate NB exposure induced IGF2 expression in AT2s during the development of pulmonary emphysema and lung cancer in mice. Using AT2-specific insulin receptor knockout mice, we verified the causative role of sustained IGF2 signaling activation in AT2s in emphysema development. IGF2-targeting strategies, including voltage-dependent calcium channel blocker (CCB) and a neutralizing antibody, significantly suppressed the NB-induced development of emphysema and lung cancer. A publicly available database revealed an inverse correlation between the use of calcium channel blockers and a COPD diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Our work confirms sustained IGF2 signaling activation in AT2s couples impaired lung repair to the concurrent development of emphysema and cancer in mice. Additionally, CCB and IGF2-specific neutralizing antibodies are effective pharmaceuticals for the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Boo
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Histology, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Bin Lim
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Euni Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Post Y, Lu C, Fletcher RB, Yeh WC, Nguyen H, Lee SJ, Li Y. Design principles and therapeutic applications of novel synthetic WNT signaling agonists. iScience 2024; 27:109938. [PMID: 38832011 PMCID: PMC11145361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Wingless-related integration site or Wingless and Int-1 or Wingless-Int (WNT) signaling is crucial for embryonic development, and adult tissue homeostasis and regeneration, through its essential roles in cell fate, patterning, and stem cell regulation. The biophysical characteristics of WNT ligands have hindered efforts to interrogate ligand activity in vivo and prevented their development as therapeutics. Recent breakthroughs have enabled the generation of synthetic WNT signaling molecules that possess characteristics of natural ligands and potently activate the pathway, while also providing distinct advantages for therapeutic development and manufacturing. This review provides a detailed discussion of the protein engineering of these molecular platforms for WNT signaling agonism. We discuss the importance of WNT signaling in several organs and share insights from the initial application of these new classes of molecules in vitro and in vivo. These molecules offer a unique opportunity to enhance our understanding of how WNT signaling agonism promotes tissue repair, enabling targeted development of tailored therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Chenggang Lu
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Russell B. Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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16
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Liu MY, Chen B, Borji M, Garcia de Alba Rivas C, Dost AFM, Moye AL, Movval Abdulla N, Paschini M, Rollins SD, Wang R, Schnapp LM, Khalil HA, Wu CJ, Sharma NS, Kim CF. Human Airway and Alveolar Organoids from BAL Fluid. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:1501-1504. [PMID: 38652140 PMCID: PMC11208964 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202310-1831le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Yun Liu
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Belinda Chen
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | - Mehdi Borji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Antonella F. M. Dost
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aaron L. Moye
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
| | | | | | - Stuart D. Rollins
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine and
| | - Ruobing Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine and
| | - Lynn M. Schnapp
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Hassan A. Khalil
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine J. Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine and
| | - Nirmal S. Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Carla F. Kim
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, and
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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17
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Chen Q, Hirai H, Chan M, Zhang J, Cho M, Randell SH, Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy P, Rehman J, Liu Y. Characterization of perivascular alveolar epithelial stem cells and their niche in lung homeostasis and cancer. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:890-905. [PMID: 38759645 PMCID: PMC11390684 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung alveolar structure and function are maintained by subsets of alveolar type II stem cells (AT2s), but there is a need for characterization of these subsets and their associated niches. Here, we report a CD44high subpopulation of AT2s characterized by increased expression of genes that regulate immune signaling even during steady-state homeostasis. Disruption of one of these immune regulatory transcription factor STAT1 impaired the stem cell function of AT2s. CD44high cells were preferentially located near macro- blood vessels and a supportive niche constituted by LYVE1+ endothelial cells, adventitial fibroblasts, and accumulated hyaluronan. In this microenvironment, CD44high AT2 cells were more responsive to transformation by KRAS than general AT2 cells. Moreover, after bacterial lung injury, there was a significant increase of CD44high AT2s and niche components distributed throughout the lung parenchyma. Taken together, CD44high AT2 cells and their perivascular niche regulate tissue homeostasis and tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Hirai
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Manwai Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Minsu Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Jalees Rehman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yuru Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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18
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Seasock MJ, Shafiquzzaman M, Ruiz-Echartea ME, Kanchi RS, Tran BT, Simon LM, Meyer MD, Erice PA, Lotlikar SL, Wenlock SC, Ochsner SA, Enright A, Carisey AF, Romero F, Rosas IO, King KY, McKenna NJ, Coarfa C, Rodriguez A. Let-7 restrains an oncogenic epigenetic circuit in AT2 cells to prevent ectopic formation of fibrogenic transitional cell intermediates and pulmonary fibrosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.22.595205. [PMID: 38826218 PMCID: PMC11142151 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.22.595205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of lung alveolar type 2 (AT2) progenitor stem cells has highlighted fundamental mechanisms that direct their differentiation into alveolar type 1 cells (AT1s) in lung repair and disease. However, microRNA (miRNA) mediated post-transcriptional mechanisms which govern this nexus remain understudied. We show here that the let-7 miRNA family serves a homeostatic role in governance of AT2 quiescence, specifically by preventing the uncontrolled accumulation of AT2 transitional cells and by promoting AT1 differentiation to safeguard the lung from spontaneous alveolar destruction and fibrosis. Using mice and organoid models with genetic ablation of let-7a1/let-7f1/let-7d cluster (let-7afd) in AT2 cells, we demonstrate prevents AT1 differentiation and results in aberrant accumulation of AT2 transitional cells in progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Integration of enhanced AGO2 UV-crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing (AGO2-eCLIP) with RNA-sequencing from AT2 cells uncovered the induction of direct targets of let-7 in an oncogene feed-forward regulatory network including BACH1/EZH2 which drives an aberrant fibrotic cascade. Additional analyses by CUT&RUN-sequencing revealed loss of let-7afd hampers AT1 differentiation by eliciting aberrant histone EZH2 methylation which prevents the exit of AT2 transitional cells into terminal AT1s. This study identifies let-7 as a key gatekeeper of post-transcriptional and epigenetic chromatin signals to prevent AT2-driven pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Seasock
- Immunology & Microbiology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Medicine, Immunology & Allergy Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX, 77030
| | - Md Shafiquzzaman
- Department of Medicine, Immunology & Allergy Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX, 77030
| | - Maria E. Ruiz-Echartea
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Rupa S. Kanchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Brandon T. Tran
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Lukas M. Simon
- Therapeutic Innovation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | | | - Phillip A. Erice
- Immunology & Microbiology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Medicine, Immunology & Allergy Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX, 77030
| | - Shivani L. Lotlikar
- Department of Medicine, Immunology & Allergy Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX, 77030
| | | | - Scott A. Ochsner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Anton Enright
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Alex F. Carisey
- William T. Shearer Center for Immunobiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030
- Current Address: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Freddy Romero
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine. Houston, TX, 77030
- Current Address: Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 3215 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121
| | - Ivan O. Rosas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine. Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Neil J. McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Immunology & Allergy Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX, 77030
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, 77030
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. Debakey, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
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19
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Wang S, Li W, Wang L, Tiwari SK, Bray W, Wu L, Li N, Hui H, Clark AE, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Carlin AF, Rana TM. Interferon-Inducible Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 Inhibits Replication of Multiple Viruses by Binding to the Oligosaccharyltransferase Complex and Inhibiting Glycoprotein Maturation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.01.591800. [PMID: 38746287 PMCID: PMC11092618 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.591800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Viral infection induces production of type I interferons and expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that play key roles in inhibiting viral infection. Here, we show that the ISG guanylate-binding protein 5 (GBP5) inhibits N-linked glycosylation of key proteins in multiple viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. GBP5 binds to accessory subunits of the host oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex and blocks its interaction with the spike protein, which results in misfolding and retention of spike protein in the endoplasmic reticulum likely due to decreased N-glycan transfer, and reduces the assembly and release of infectious virions. Consistent with these observations, pharmacological inhibition of the OST complex with NGI-1 potently inhibits glycosylation of other viral proteins, including MERS-CoV spike protein, HIV-1 gp160, and IAV hemagglutinin, and prevents the production of infectious virions. Our results identify a novel strategy by which ISGs restrict virus infection and provide a rationale for targeting glycosylation as a broad antiviral therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Wang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wanyu Li
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lingling Wang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Shashi Kant Tiwari
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - William Bray
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Lujing Wu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Na Li
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Hui Hui
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Alex E. Clark
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine; University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Aaron F. Carlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine; University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Tariq M. Rana
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD Center for AIDS Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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20
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Burgess CL, Huang J, Bawa PS, Alysandratos KD, Minakin K, Ayers LJ, Morley MP, Babu A, Villacorta-Martin C, Yampolskaya M, Hinds A, Thapa BR, Wang F, Matschulat A, Mehta P, Morrisey EE, Varelas X, Kotton DN. Generation of human alveolar epithelial type I cells from pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:657-675.e8. [PMID: 38642558 PMCID: PMC11147407 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial type I cells (AT1s) line the gas exchange barrier of the distal lung and have been historically challenging to isolate or maintain in cell culture. Here, we engineer a human in vitro AT1 model system via directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We use primary adult AT1 global transcriptomes to suggest benchmarks and pathways, such as Hippo-LATS-YAP/TAZ signaling, enriched in these cells. Next, we generate iPSC-derived alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2s) and find that nuclear YAP signaling is sufficient to promote a broad transcriptomic shift from AT2 to AT1 gene programs. The resulting cells express a molecular, morphologic, and functional phenotype reminiscent of human AT1 cells, including the capacity to form a flat epithelial barrier producing characteristic extracellular matrix molecules and secreted ligands. Our results provide an in vitro model of human alveolar epithelial differentiation and a potential source of human AT1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Burgess
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pushpinder S Bawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kasey Minakin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lauren J Ayers
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Anne Hinds
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Bibek R Thapa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Feiya Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Adeline Matschulat
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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21
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Werder RB, Zhou X, Cho MH, Wilson AA. Breathing new life into the study of COPD with genes identified from genome-wide association studies. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:240019. [PMID: 38811034 PMCID: PMC11134200 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0019-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. While the significance of environmental exposures in disease pathogenesis is well established, the functional contribution of genetic factors has only in recent years drawn attention. Notably, many genes associated with COPD risk are also linked with lung function. Because reduced lung function precedes COPD onset, this association is consistent with the possibility that derangements leading to COPD could arise during lung development. In this review, we summarise the role of leading genes (HHIP, FAM13A, DSP, AGER and TGFB2) identified by genome-wide association studies in lung development and COPD. Because many COPD genome-wide association study genes are enriched in lung epithelial cells, we focus on the role of these genes in the lung epithelium in development, homeostasis and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon B Werder
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Meganck RM, Edwards CE, Mallory ML, Lee RE, Dang H, Bailey AB, Wykoff JA, Gallant SC, Zhu DR, Yount BL, Kato T, Shaffer KM, Nakano S, Cawley AM, Sontake V, Wang JR, Hagan RS, Miller MB, Tata PR, Randell SH, Tse LV, Ehre C, Okuda K, Boucher RC, Baric RS. SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern fitness and adaptation in primary human airway epithelia. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114076. [PMID: 38607917 PMCID: PMC11165423 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic is characterized by the emergence of novel variants of concern (VOCs) that replace ancestral strains. Here, we dissect the complex selective pressures by evaluating variant fitness and adaptation in human respiratory tissues. We evaluate viral properties and host responses to reconstruct forces behind D614G through Omicron (BA.1) emergence. We observe differential replication in airway epithelia, differences in cellular tropism, and virus-induced cytotoxicity. D614G accumulates the most mutations after infection, supporting zoonosis and adaptation to the human airway. We perform head-to-head competitions and observe the highest fitness for Gamma and Delta. Under these conditions, RNA recombination favors variants encoding the B.1.617.1 lineage 3' end. Based on viral growth kinetics, Alpha, Gamma, and Delta exhibit increased fitness compared to D614G. In contrast, the global success of Omicron likely derives from increased transmission and antigenic variation. Our data provide molecular evidence to support epidemiological observations of VOC emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita M Meganck
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Caitlin E Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Michael L Mallory
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Rhianna E Lee
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Alexis B Bailey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Jason A Wykoff
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Samuel C Gallant
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Deanna R Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Boyd L Yount
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Kendall M Shaffer
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Satoko Nakano
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Anne Marie Cawley
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | | | - Jeremy R Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Robert S Hagan
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Melissa B Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | | | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Longping V Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Camille Ehre
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
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23
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Goecke T, Ius F, Ruhparwar A, Martin U. Unlocking the Future: Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Lung Repair. Cells 2024; 13:635. [PMID: 38607074 PMCID: PMC11012168 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human respiratory system is susceptible to a variety of diseases, ranging from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Today, lung diseases represent one of the major challenges to the health care sector and represent one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current treatment options often focus on managing symptoms rather than addressing the underlying cause of the disease. The limitations of conventional therapies highlight the urgent clinical need for innovative solutions capable of repairing damaged lung tissue at a fundamental level. Pluripotent stem cell technologies have now reached clinical maturity and hold immense potential to revolutionize the landscape of lung repair and regenerative medicine. Meanwhile, human embryonic (HESCs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be coaxed to differentiate into lung-specific cell types such as bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, or pulmonary endothelial cells. This holds the promise of regenerating damaged lung tissue and restoring normal respiratory function. While methods for targeted genetic engineering of hPSCs and lung cell differentiation have substantially advanced, the required GMP-grade clinical-scale production technologies as well as the development of suitable preclinical animal models and cell application strategies are less advanced. This review provides an overview of current perspectives on PSC-based therapies for lung repair, explores key advances, and envisions future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Goecke
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Arjang Ruhparwar
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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24
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Patel M, Post Y, Hill N, Sura A, Ye J, Fisher T, Suen N, Zhang M, Cheng L, Pribluda A, Chen H, Yeh WC, Li Y, Baribault H, Fletcher RB. A WNT mimetic with broad spectrum FZD-specificity decreases fibrosis and improves function in a pulmonary damage model. Respir Res 2024; 25:153. [PMID: 38566174 PMCID: PMC10985870 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signaling is critical for lung development and AT2 stem cell maintenance in adults, but excessive pathway activation has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis, both in animal models and human diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). IPF is a detrimental interstitial lung disease, and although two approved drugs limit functional decline, transplantation is the only treatment that extends survival, highlighting the need for regenerative therapies. METHODS Using our antibody-based platform of Wnt/β-catenin modulators, we investigated the ability of a pathway antagonist and pathway activators to reduce pulmonary fibrosis in the acute bleomycin model, and we tested the ability of a WNT mimetic to affect alveolar organoid cultures. RESULTS A WNT mimetic agonist with broad FZD-binding specificity (FZD1,2,5,7,8) potently expanded alveolar organoids. Upon therapeutic dosing, a broad FZD-binding specific Wnt mimetic decreased pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis and increased lung function in the bleomycin model, and it impacted multiple lung cell types in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the unexpected capacity of a WNT mimetic to effect tissue repair after lung damage and support the continued development of Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehaben Patel
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Natalie Hill
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Asmiti Sura
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jay Ye
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Trevor Fisher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Nicholas Suen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Leona Cheng
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Ariel Pribluda
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Hélène Baribault
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Russell B Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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25
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Gandikota C, Vaddadi K, Sivasami P, Huang C, Liang Y, Pushparaj S, Deng X, Channappanava R, Metcalf JP, Liu L. The use of human iPSC-derived alveolar organoids to explore SARS-CoV-2 variant infections and host responses. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29579. [PMID: 38572923 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily targets the respiratory system. Physiologically relevant human lung models are indispensable to investigate virus-induced host response and disease pathogenesis. In this study, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived alveolar organoids (AOs) using an established protocol that recapitulates the sequential steps of in vivo lung development. AOs express alveolar epithelial type II cell protein markers including pro-surfactant protein C and ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3. Compared to primary human alveolar type II cells, AOs expressed higher mRNA levels of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) and basigin (CD147). Considering the localization of ACE2 on the apical side in AOs, we used three AO models, apical-in, sheared and apical-out for SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three models of AOs were robustly infected with the SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of ACE2 accessibility. Antibody blocking experiment revealed that ASGR1 was the main receptor for SARS-CoV2 entry from the basolateral in apical-in AOs. AOs supported the replication of SARS-CoV-2 variants WA1, Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Zeta and Omicron to a variable degree with WA1 being the highest and Omicron being the least. Transcriptomic profiling of infected AOs revealed the induction of inflammatory and interferon-related pathways with NF-κB signaling being the predominant host response. In summary, iPSC-derived AOs can serve as excellent human lung models to investigate infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and host responses from both apical and basolateral sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Gandikota
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kishore Vaddadi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Pulavendran Sivasami
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yurong Liang
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Samuel Pushparaj
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xufang Deng
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Rudragouda Channappanava
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jordan P Metcalf
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Li Y, Prakash YS, Tan Q, Tschumperlin D. Defining signals that promote human alveolar type I differentiation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L409-L418. [PMID: 38349124 PMCID: PMC11281788 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00191.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type I (ATI) cells cover >95% of the lung's distal surface and facilitate gas exchange through their exceptionally thin shape. ATI cells in vivo are replenished by alveolar type II cell division and differentiation, but a detailed understanding of ATI biology has been hampered by the challenges in direct isolation of these cells due to their fragility and incomplete understanding of the signaling interactions that promote differentiation of ATII to ATI cells. Here, we explored the signals that maintain ATII versus promote ATI fates in three-dimensional (3-D) organoid cultures and developed a human alveolar type I differentiation medium (hATIDM) suitable for generating ATI cells from either mixed distal human lung cells or purified ATII cells. This media adds bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and removes epidermal growth factor (EGF), Wnt agonist CHIR99021, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) inhibitor SB431542 from previously developed alveolar organoid culture media. We demonstrate that BMP4 promotes expression of the ATI marker gene AGER and HOPX, whereas CHIR99021 and SB431542 maintain expression of the ATII marker gene SFTPC. The human ATI spheroids generated with hATIDM express multiple molecular and morphological features reminiscent of human ATI cells. Our results demonstrate that signaling interactions among BMP, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling pathways in alveolar spheroids and distal lung organoids including IPF-organoids coordinate human ATII to ATI differentiation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alveolar type I (ATI) epithelial cells perform essential roles in maintaining lung function but have been challenging to study. We explored the signals that promote ATI fate in 3-D organoid cultures generated from either mixed distal human lung cells or purified alveolar type II (ATII) cells. This work fills an important void in our experimental repertoire for studying alveolar epithelial cells and identifies signals that promote human ATII to ATI cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Qi Tan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, United States
| | - Daniel Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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Mahieu L, Van Moll L, De Vooght L, Delputte P, Cos P. In vitro modelling of bacterial pneumonia: a comparative analysis of widely applied complex cell culture models. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuae007. [PMID: 38409952 PMCID: PMC10913945 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia greatly contributes to the disease burden and mortality of lower respiratory tract infections among all age groups and risk profiles. Therefore, laboratory modelling of bacterial pneumonia remains important for elucidating the complex host-pathogen interactions and to determine drug efficacy and toxicity. In vitro cell culture enables for the creation of high-throughput, specific disease models in a tightly controlled environment. Advanced human cell culture models specifically, can bridge the research gap between the classical two-dimensional cell models and animal models. This review provides an overview of the current status of the development of complex cellular in vitro models to study bacterial pneumonia infections, with a focus on air-liquid interface models, spheroid, organoid, and lung-on-a-chip models. For the wide scale, comparative literature search, we selected six clinically highly relevant bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus). We reviewed the cell lines that are commonly used, as well as trends and discrepancies in the methodology, ranging from cell infection parameters to assay read-outs. We also highlighted the importance of model validation and data transparency in guiding the research field towards more complex infection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Mahieu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Laurence Van Moll
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Linda De Vooght
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Peter Delputte
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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Zhang J, Liu Y. Epithelial stem cells and niches in lung alveolar regeneration and diseases. CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2024; 2:17-26. [PMID: 38645714 PMCID: PMC11027191 DOI: 10.1016/j.pccm.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Alveoli serve as the functional units of the lungs, responsible for the critical task of blood-gas exchange. Comprising type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) cells, the alveolar epithelium is continuously subject to external aggressors like pathogens and airborne particles. As such, preserving lung function requires both the homeostatic renewal and reparative regeneration of this epithelial layer. Dysfunctions in these processes contribute to various lung diseases. Recent research has pinpointed specific cell subgroups that act as potential stem or progenitor cells for the alveolar epithelium during both homeostasis and regeneration. Additionally, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells synergistically establish a nurturing microenvironment-or "niche"-that modulates these epithelial stem cells. This review aims to consolidate the latest findings on the identities of these stem cells and the components of their niche, as well as the molecular mechanisms that govern them. Additionally, this article highlights diseases that arise due to perturbations in stem cell-niche interactions. We also discuss recent technical innovations that have catalyzed these discoveries. Specifically, this review underscores the heterogeneity, plasticity, and dynamic regulation of these stem cell-niche systems. It is our aspiration that a deeper understanding of the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying alveolar homeostasis and regeneration will open avenues for identifying novel therapeutic targets for conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), fibrosis, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yuru Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Kumar S, Granados J, Aceves M, Peralta J, Leandro AC, Thomas J, Williams-Blangero S, Curran JE, Blangero J. Pre-Infection Innate Immunity Attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Viral Load in iPSC-Derived Alveolar Epithelial Type 2 Cells. Cells 2024; 13:369. [PMID: 38474333 PMCID: PMC10931100 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A large portion of the heterogeneity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility and severity of illness (SOI) remains poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated damage to alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2s) in the distal lung may directly contribute to disease severity and poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Our in vitro modeling of SARS-CoV-2 infection in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived AT2s from 10 different individuals showed interindividual variability in infection susceptibility and the postinfection cellular viral load. To understand the underlying mechanism of the AT2's capacity to regulate SARS-CoV-2 infection and cellular viral load, a genome-wide differential gene expression analysis between the mock and SARS-CoV-2 infection-challenged AT2s was performed. The 1393 genes, which were significantly (one-way ANOVA FDR-corrected p ≤ 0.05; FC abs ≥ 2.0) differentially expressed (DE), suggest significant upregulation of viral infection-related cellular innate immune response pathways (p-value ≤ 0.05; activation z-score ≥ 3.5), and significant downregulation of the cholesterol- and xenobiotic-related metabolic pathways (p-value ≤ 0.05; activation z-score ≤ -3.5). Whilst the effect of post-SARS-CoV-2 infection response on the infection susceptibility and postinfection viral load in AT2s is not clear, interestingly, pre-infection (mock-challenged) expression of 238 DE genes showed a high correlation with the postinfection SARS-CoV-2 viral load (FDR-corrected p-value ≤ 0.05 and r2-absolute ≥ 0.57). The 85 genes whose expression was negatively correlated with the viral load showed significant enrichment in viral recognition and cytokine-mediated innate immune GO biological processes (p-value range: 4.65 × 10-10 to 2.24 × 10-6). The 153 genes whose expression was positively correlated with the viral load showed significant enrichment in cholesterol homeostasis, extracellular matrix, and MAPK/ERK pathway-related GO biological processes (p-value range: 5.06 × 10-5 to 6.53 × 10-4). Overall, our results strongly suggest that AT2s' pre-infection innate immunity and metabolic state affect their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (J.G.); (M.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Jose Granados
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (J.G.); (M.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Miriam Aceves
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (J.G.); (M.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Juan Peralta
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.P.); (A.C.L.); (S.W.-B.); (J.E.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Ana C. Leandro
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.P.); (A.C.L.); (S.W.-B.); (J.E.C.); (J.B.)
| | - John Thomas
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (J.G.); (M.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Sarah Williams-Blangero
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.P.); (A.C.L.); (S.W.-B.); (J.E.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.P.); (A.C.L.); (S.W.-B.); (J.E.C.); (J.B.)
| | - John Blangero
- Division of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.P.); (A.C.L.); (S.W.-B.); (J.E.C.); (J.B.)
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30
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Kolanko E, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Silini AR, Czekaj P, Parolini O. The evolution of in vitro models of lung fibrosis: promising prospects for drug discovery. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230127. [PMID: 38232990 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0127-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a complex process, with unknown underlying mechanisms, involving various triggers, diseases and stimuli. Different cell types (epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages) interact dynamically through multiple signalling pathways, including biochemical/molecular and mechanical signals, such as stiffness, affecting cell function and differentiation. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common fibrosing interstitial lung disease (fILD), characterised by a notably high mortality. Unfortunately, effective treatments for advanced fILD, and especially IPF and non-IPF progressive fibrosing phenotype ILD, are still lacking. The development of pharmacological therapies faces challenges due to limited knowledge of fibrosis pathogenesis and the absence of pre-clinical models accurately representing the complex features of the disease. To address these challenges, new model systems have been developed to enhance the translatability of preclinical drug testing and bridge the gap to human clinical trials. The use of two- and three-dimensional in vitro cultures derived from healthy or diseased individuals allows for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for lung fibrosis. Additionally, microfluidics systems, which replicate the respiratory system's physiology ex vivo, offer promising opportunities for the development of effective therapies, especially for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Kolanko
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Papait
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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31
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Zhang J, Rissmann M, Kuiken T, Haagmans BL. Comparative Pathogenesis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:423-451. [PMID: 37832946 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-052620-121224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades the world has witnessed the global spread of two genetically related highly pathogenic coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. However, the impact of these outbreaks differed significantly with respect to the hospitalizations and fatalities seen worldwide. While many studies have been performed recently on SARS-CoV-2, a comparative pathogenesis analysis with SARS-CoV may further provide critical insights into the mechanisms of disease that drive coronavirus-induced respiratory disease. In this review, we comprehensively describe clinical and experimental observations related to transmission and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with SARS-CoV, focusing on human, animal, and in vitro studies. By deciphering the similarities and disparities of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, in terms of transmission and pathogenesis mechanisms, we offer insights into the divergent characteristics of these two viruses. This information may also be relevant to assessing potential novel introductions of genetically related highly pathogenic coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Zhang
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Melanie Rissmann
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Bart L Haagmans
- Viroscience Department, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
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32
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Purev E, Bahmed K, Kosmider B. Alveolar Organoids in Lung Disease Modeling. Biomolecules 2024; 14:115. [PMID: 38254715 PMCID: PMC10813493 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung organoids display a tissue-specific functional phenomenon and mimic the features of the original organ. They can reflect the properties of the cells, such as morphology, polarity, proliferation rate, gene expression, and genomic profile. Alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells have a stem cell potential in the adult lung. They produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant and proliferate to restore the epithelium after damage. Therefore, AT2 cells are used to generate alveolar organoids and can recapitulate distal lung structures. Also, AT2 cells in human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived alveolospheres express surfactant proteins and other factors, indicating their application as suitable models for studying cell-cell interactions. Recently, they have been utilized to define mechanisms of disease development, such as COVID-19, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we show lung organoid applications in various pulmonary diseases, drug screening, and personalized medicine. In addition, stem cell-based therapeutics and approaches relevant to lung repair were highlighted. We also described the signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation of lung regeneration. It is critical to identify novel regulators of alveolar organoid generations to promote lung repair in pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhee Purev
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Zhang X, Su L, Pan P. Advances and Applications of Lung Organoids in the Research on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). J Clin Med 2024; 13:346. [PMID: 38256480 PMCID: PMC10816077 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a sudden onset of lung injury characterized by bilateral pulmonary edema, diffuse inflammation, hypoxemia, and a low P/F ratio. Epithelial injury and endothelial injury are notable in the development of ARDS, which is more severe under mechanical stress. This review explains the role of alveolar epithelial cells and endothelial cells under physiological and pathological conditions during the progression of ARDS. Mechanical injury not only causes ARDS but is also a side effect of ventilator-supporting treatment, which is difficult to model both in vitro and in vivo. The development of lung organoids has seen rapid progress in recent years, with numerous promising achievements made. Multiple types of cells and construction strategies are emerging in the lung organoid culture system. Additionally, the lung-on-a-chip system presents a new idea for simulating lung diseases. This review summarizes the basic features and critical problems in the research on ARDS, as well as the progress in lung organoids, particularly in the rapidly developing microfluidic system-based organoids. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the three major factors that promote the progression of ARDS and how advances in lung organoid technology can be used to further understand ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwu Zhang
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China;
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Longxiang Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Pan Pan
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China;
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Chau CW, Sugimura R. Organoids in COVID-19: can we break the glass ceiling? J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:85-99. [PMID: 37616269 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 emerged in September 2020 as a disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The disease presented as pneumonia at first but later was shown to cause multisystem infections and long-term complications. Many efforts have been put into discovering the exact pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we aim to discuss an emerging tool in disease modeling, organoids, in the investigation of COVID-19. This review will introduce some methods and breakthroughs achieved by organoids and the limitations of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu Wang Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Rd, Pokfulam 99077, Hong Kong
| | - Ryohichi Sugimura
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Rd, Pokfulam 99077, Hong Kong
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, 17 Science Park W Ave, Science Park 999077, Hong Kong
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Joo H, Min S, Cho SW. Advanced lung organoids for respiratory system and pulmonary disease modeling. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241232502. [PMID: 38406820 PMCID: PMC10894554 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241232502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, respiratory system research has made remarkable progress, particularly focusing on infectious diseases. Lung organoid, a miniaturized structure recapitulating lung tissue, has gained global attention because of its advantages over other conventional models such as two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models. Nevertheless, lung organoids still face limitations concerning heterogeneity, complexity, and maturity compared to the native lung tissue. To address these limitations, researchers have employed co-culture methods with various cell types including endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells, and immune cells, and incorporated bioengineering platforms such as air-liquid interfaces, microfluidic chips, and functional hydrogels. These advancements have facilitated applications of lung organoids to studies of pulmonary diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments. This review introduces recent progress in the production methods of lung organoids, strategies for improving maturity, functionality, and complexity of organoids, and their application in disease modeling, including respiratory infection and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyebin Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
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36
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Toth A, Kannan P, Snowball J, Kofron M, Wayman JA, Bridges JP, Miraldi ER, Swarr D, Zacharias WJ. Alveolar epithelial progenitor cells require Nkx2-1 to maintain progenitor-specific epigenomic state during lung homeostasis and regeneration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8452. [PMID: 38114516 PMCID: PMC10775890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial regeneration after acute injury requires coordination cellular coordination to pattern the morphologically complex alveolar gas exchange surface. During adult lung regeneration, Wnt-responsive alveolar epithelial progenitor (AEP) cells, a subset of alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, proliferate and transition to alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells. Here, we report a refined primary murine alveolar organoid, which recapitulates critical aspects of in vivo regeneration. Paired scRNAseq and scATACseq followed by transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) analysis identified two AT1 transition states driven by distinct regulatory networks controlled in part by differential activity of Nkx2-1. Genetic ablation of Nkx2-1 in AEP-derived organoids was sufficient to cause transition to a proliferative stressed Krt8+ state, and AEP-specific deletion of Nkx2-1 in adult mice led to rapid loss of progenitor state and uncontrolled growth of Krt8+ cells. Together, these data implicate dynamic epigenetic maintenance via Nkx2-1 as central to the control of facultative progenitor activity in AEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Toth
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Paranthaman Kannan
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John Snowball
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Kofron
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Bio-Imaging and Analysis Facility, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph A Wayman
- Division of Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James P Bridges
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Swarr
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Magalhães VG, Lukassen S, Drechsler M, Loske J, Burkart SS, Wüst S, Jacobsen EM, Röhmel J, Mall MA, Debatin KM, Eils R, Autenrieth S, Janda A, Lehmann I, Binder M. Immune-epithelial cell cross-talk enhances antiviral responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 in children. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57912. [PMID: 37818799 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of developing severe COVID-19 rises dramatically with age. Schoolchildren are significantly less likely than older people to die from SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this age-dependence are unknown. In primary infections, innate immunity is critical due to the lack of immune memory. Children, in particular, have a significantly stronger interferon response due to a primed state of their airway epithelium. In single-cell transcriptomes of nasal turbinates, we find increased frequencies of immune cells and stronger cytokine-mediated interactions with epithelial cells, resulting in increased epithelial expression of viral sensors (RIG-I, MDA5) via IRF1. In vitro, adolescent peripheral blood mononuclear cells produce more cytokines, priming A549 cells for stronger interferon responses to SARS-CoV-2. Taken together, our findings suggest that increased numbers of immune cells in the airways of children and enhanced cytokine-based interactions with epithelial cells tune the setpoint of the epithelial antiviral system. Our findings shed light on the molecular basis of children's remarkable resistance to COVID-19 and may suggest a novel concept for immunoprophylactic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Magalhães
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sören Lukassen
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Drechsler
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Loske
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandy S Burkart
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Wüst
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Jacobsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jobst Röhmel
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner, Berlin, Germany
- Health Data Science Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stella Autenrieth
- Research Group "Dendritic Cells in Infection and Cancer" (F171), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aleš Janda
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Binder
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Li M, Yuan Y, Zou T, Hou Z, Jin L, Wang B. Development trends of human organoid-based COVID-19 research based on bibliometric analysis. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13496. [PMID: 37218396 PMCID: PMC10693193 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a catastrophic threat to human health worldwide. Human stem cell-derived organoids serve as a promising platform for exploring SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several review articles have summarized the application of human organoids in COVID-19, but the research status and development trend of this field have seldom been systematically and comprehensively studied. In this review, we use bibliometric analysis method to identify the characteristics of organoid-based COVID-19 research. First, an annual trend of publications and citations, the most contributing countries or regions and organizations, co-citation analysis of references and sources and research hotspots are determined. Next, systematical summaries of organoid applications in investigating the pathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccine development and drug discovery, are provided. Lastly, the current challenges and future considerations of this field are discussed. The present study will provide an objective angle to identify the current trend and give novel insights for directing the future development of human organoid applications in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yuhan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ting Zou
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Zongkun Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering (School of Modern Industry for Health and Medicine)Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Liang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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Karmaus PWF, Tata A, Meacham JM, Day F, Thrower D, Tata PR, Fessler MB. Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 BAL Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Alveolar Epithelial Transitions and Unique Alveolar Epithelial Cell Fates. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:623-637. [PMID: 37523502 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0077oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of BAL cells has provided insights into coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, reports have been limited by small patient cohorts. We performed a meta-analysis of BAL scRNA-seq data from healthy control subjects (n = 13) and patients with COVID-19 (n = 20), sourced from six independent studies (167,280 high-quality cells in total). Consistent with the source reports, increases in infiltrating leukocyte subtypes were noted, several with type I IFN signatures and unique gene expression signatures associated with transcellular chemokine signaling. Noting dramatic reductions of inferred NKX2-1 and NR4A1 activity in alveolar epithelial type II (AT-II) cells, we modeled pseudotemporal AT-II-to-AT-I progression. This revealed changes in inferred AT-II cell metabolic activity, increased transitional cells, and a previously undescribed AT-I state. This cell state was conspicuously marked by the induction of genes of the epidermal differentiation complex, including the cornified envelope protein SPRR3 (small proline-rich protein 3), upregulation of multiple KRT (keratin) genes, inferred mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death signatures including apoptosis and ferroptosis. Immunohistochemistry of lungs from patients with COVID-19 confirmed upregulation and colocalization of KRT13 and SPRR3 in the distal airspaces. Forced overexpression of SPRR3 in human alveolar epithelial cells ex vivo did not activate caspase-3 or upregulate KRT13, suggesting that SPRR3 marks an AT-I cornification program in COVID-19 but is not sufficient for phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Frank Day
- Office of Scientific Computing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - David Thrower
- Office of Scientific Computing, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Selvarajah B, Platé M, Chambers RC. Pulmonary fibrosis: Emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 94:101227. [PMID: 38000335 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the concluding pathological outcome and major cause of morbidity and mortality in a number of common chronic inflammatory, immune-mediated and metabolic diseases. The progressive deposition of a collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) represents the cornerstone of the fibrotic response and culminates in organ failure and premature death. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents the most rapidly progressive and lethal of all fibrotic diseases with a dismal median survival of 3.5 years from diagnosis. Although the approval of the antifibrotic agents, pirfenidone and nintedanib, for the treatment of IPF signalled a watershed moment for the development of anti-fibrotic therapeutics, these agents slow but do not halt disease progression or improve quality of life. There therefore remains a pressing need for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review emerging therapeutic strategies for IPF as well as the pre-clinical and translational approaches that will underpin a greater understanding of the key pathomechanisms involved in order to transform the way we diagnose and treat pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brintha Selvarajah
- Oncogenes and Tumour Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Manuela Platé
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (UCL Respiratory), Division of Medicine, University College London, UK
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (UCL Respiratory), Division of Medicine, University College London, UK.
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41
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Flagg M, Goldin K, Pérez-Pérez L, Singh M, Williamson BN, Pruett N, Hoang CD, de Wit E. Low level of tonic interferon signalling is associated with enhanced susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in human lung organoids. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2276338. [PMID: 37883246 PMCID: PMC10732190 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2276338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
There is tremendous heterogeneity in the severity of COVID-19 disease in the human population, and the mechanisms governing the development of severe disease remain incompletely understood. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) further compounded this heterogeneity. Virus replication and host cell damage in the distal lung is often associated with severe clinical disease, making this an important site to consider when evaluating pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Using distal human lung organoids (hLOs) derived from multiple human donors, we compared the fitness and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 VOC Delta and Omicron, along with an ancestral clade B variant D614G, and evaluated donor-dependent differences in susceptibility to infection. We observed substantial attenuation of Omicron in hLOs and demonstrated enhanced susceptibility to Omicron and D614G replication in hLOs from one donor. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in these hLOs was associated with reduced tonic interferon signaling activity at baseline. We show that hLOs can be used to model heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in humans, and propose that variability in tonic interferon signaling set point may impact susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and subsequent COVID-19 disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan Flagg
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Kerry Goldin
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Lizzette Pérez-Pérez
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Manmeet Singh
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Brandi N. Williamson
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Nathanael Pruett
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuong D. Hoang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emmie de Wit
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
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42
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Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Tata PR. Recent advances in lung organoid development and applications in disease modeling. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170500. [PMID: 37966116 PMCID: PMC10645385 DOI: 10.1172/jci170500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, several organoid models have evolved to acquire increasing cellular, structural, and functional complexity. Advanced lung organoid platforms derived from various sources, including adult, fetal, and induced pluripotent stem cells, have now been generated, which more closely mimic the cellular architecture found within the airways and alveoli. In this regard, the establishment of novel protocols with optimized stem cell isolation and culture conditions has given rise to an array of models able to study key cellular and molecular players involved in lung injury and repair. In addition, introduction of other nonepithelial cellular components, such as immune, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells, and employment of novel precision gene editing tools have further broadened the range of applications for these systems by providing a microenvironment and/or phenotype closer to the desired in vivo scenario. Thus, these developments in organoid technology have enhanced our ability to model various aspects of lung biology, including pathogenesis of diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and infectious disease and host-microbe interactions, in ways that are often difficult to undertake using only in vivo models. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in lung organoid technology and their applicability for disease modeling and outline their strengths, drawbacks, and potential avenues for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Vazquez-Armendariz
- University of Bonn, Transdisciplinary Research Area Life and Health, Organoid Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research and Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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43
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Jain KG, Xi NM, Zhao R, Ahmad W, Ali G, Ji HL. Alveolar Type 2 Epithelial Cell Organoids: Focus on Culture Methods. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3034. [PMID: 38002035 PMCID: PMC10669847 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases rank third in terms of mortality and represent a significant economic burden globally. Scientists have been conducting research to better understand respiratory diseases and find treatments for them. An ideal in vitro model must mimic the in vivo organ structure, physiology, and pathology. Organoids are self-organizing, three-dimensional (3D) structures originating from adult stem cells, embryonic lung bud progenitors, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These 3D organoid cultures may provide a platform for exploring tissue development, the regulatory mechanisms related to the repair of lung epithelia, pathophysiological and immunomodulatory responses to different respiratory conditions, and screening compounds for new drugs. To create 3D lung organoids in vitro, both co-culture and feeder-free methods have been used. However, there exists substantial heterogeneity in the organoid culture methods, including the sources of AT2 cells, media composition, and feeder cell origins. This article highlights the currently available methods for growing AT2 organoids and prospective improvements to improve the available culture techniques/conditions. Further, we discuss various applications, particularly those aimed at modeling human distal lung diseases and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Gopal Jain
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (K.G.J.); (R.Z.); (W.A.)
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Nan Miles Xi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA;
| | - Runzhen Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (K.G.J.); (R.Z.); (W.A.)
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (K.G.J.); (R.Z.); (W.A.)
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Gibran Ali
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Hong-Long Ji
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (K.G.J.); (R.Z.); (W.A.)
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Konkimalla A, Konishi S, Macadlo L, Kobayashi Y, Farino ZJ, Miyashita N, El Haddad L, Morowitz J, Barkauskas CE, Agarwal P, Souma T, ElMallah MK, Tata A, Tata PR. Transitional cell states sculpt tissue topology during lung regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1486-1502.e9. [PMID: 37922879 PMCID: PMC10762634 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Organ regeneration requires dynamic cell interactions to reestablish cell numbers and tissue architecture. While we know the identity of progenitor cells that replace lost tissue, the transient states they give rise to and their role in repair remain elusive. Here, using multiple injury models, we find that alveolar fibroblasts acquire distinct states marked by Sfrp1 and Runx1 that influence tissue remodeling and reorganization. Unexpectedly, ablation of alveolar epithelial type-1 (AT1) cells alone is sufficient to induce tissue remodeling and transitional states. Integrated scRNA-seq followed by genetic interrogation reveals RUNX1 is a key driver of fibroblast states. Importantly, the ectopic induction or accumulation of epithelial transitional states induce rapid formation of transient alveolar fibroblasts, leading to organ-wide fibrosis. Conversely, the elimination of epithelial or fibroblast transitional states or RUNX1 loss, leads to tissue simplification resembling emphysema. This work uncovered a key role for transitional states in orchestrating tissue topologies during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Konkimalla
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lauren Macadlo
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zachary J Farino
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Naoya Miyashita
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Léa El Haddad
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeremy Morowitz
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina E Barkauskas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Pankaj Agarwal
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tomokazu Souma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mai K ElMallah
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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45
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Tesfaigzi Y, Curtis JL, Petrache I, Polverino F, Kheradmand F, Adcock IM, Rennard SI. Does Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Originate from Different Cell Types? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:500-507. [PMID: 37584669 PMCID: PMC10633838 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0175ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogeneous, and current approaches to define distinct disease phenotypes are lacking. In addition to clinical methodologies, subtyping COPD has also been challenged by the reliance on human lung samples from late-stage diseases. Different COPD phenotypes may be initiated from the susceptibility of different cell types to cigarette smoke, environmental pollution, and infections at early stages that ultimately converge at later stages in airway remodeling and destruction of the alveoli when the disease is diagnosed. This perspective provides discussion points on how studies to date define different cell types of the lung that can initiate COPD pathogenesis, focusing on the susceptibility of macrophages, T and B cells, mast cells, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and airway epithelial cells. Additional cell types, including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, neuronal cells, and other rare cell types not covered here, may also play a role in orchestrating COPD. Here, we discuss current knowledge gaps, such as which cell types drive distinct disease phenotypes and/or stages of the disease and which cells are primarily affected by the genetic variants identified by whole genome-wide association studies. Applying new technologies that interrogate the functional role of a specific cell type or a combination of cell types as well as single-cell transcriptomics and proteomic approaches are creating new opportunities to understand and clarify the pathophysiology and thereby the clinical heterogeneity of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey L. Curtis
- Medical Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Irina Petrache
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Francesca Polverino
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Baylor University, Houston, Texas
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Baylor University, Houston, Texas
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Department of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Stephen I. Rennard
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Treeza M M, Augustine S, Mathew AA, Kanthlal S, Panonummal R. Targeting Viral ORF3a Protein: A New Approach to Mitigate COVID-19 Induced Immune Cell Apoptosis and Associated Respiratory Complications. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:678-687. [PMID: 38022818 PMCID: PMC10676557 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a growing concern to the global well-being of the public at present. Different amino acid mutations alter the biological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2. The virus-induced pulmonary impairment and inflammatory cytokine storm are directly related to its clinical manifestations. But, the fundamental mechanisms of inflammatory responses are found to be the reason for the death of immune cells which render the host immune system failure. Apoptosis of immune cells is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death induced by the virus for its survival and virulence property. ORF3a, a SARS-CoV-2 accessory viral protein, induces apoptosis in host cells and suppress the defense mechanism. This suggests, inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein is a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment in COVID-19 infection by promoting the host immune defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minu Treeza M
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India
| | - Sanu Augustine
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India
| | | | - S.K. Kanthlal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India
| | - Rajitha Panonummal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India
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47
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Easley KF, Edenfield RC, Lott MEJ, Reed RC, Das Sarma J, Mehta AJ, Staitieh BS, Lipp EK, Cho IK, Johnson SK, Jones CA, Bebin-Blackwell AG, Levy JM, Tompkins SM, Easley CA, Koval M. Chronic alcohol use primes bronchial cells for altered inflammatory response and barrier dysfunction during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L647-L661. [PMID: 37786945 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00381.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant public health concern and people with AUD are more likely to develop severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in response to respiratory infections. To examine whether AUD was a risk factor for more severe outcome in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we examined early responses to infection using cultured differentiated bronchial epithelial cells derived from brushings obtained from people with AUD or without AUD. RNA-seq analysis of uninfected cells determined that AUD cells were enriched for expression of epidermal genes as compared with non-AUD cells. Bronchial epithelial cells from patients with AUD showed a significant decrease in barrier function 72 h postinfection, as determined by transepithelial electrical resistance. In contrast, barrier function of non-AUD cells was enhanced 72 h after SARS-CoV-2 infection. AUD cells showed claudin-7 that did not colocalize with zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), indicative of disorganized tight junctions. However, both AUD and non-AUD cells showed decreased β-catenin expression following SARS-CoV-2 infection. To determine the impact of AUD on the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, cytokine secretion was measured by multiplex analysis. SARS-CoV-2-infected AUD bronchial cells had enhanced secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines including TNFα, IL-1β, and IFNγ as opposed to non-AUD cells. In contrast, secretion of the barrier-protective cytokines epidermal growth factor (EGF) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was enhanced for non-AUD bronchial cells. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that AUD is a risk factor for COVID-19, where alcohol primes airway epithelial cells for increased inflammation and increased barrier dysfunction and increased inflammation in response to infection by SARS-CoV-2.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant risk factor for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. We found that AUD causes a phenotypic shift in gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells, enhancing expression of epidermal genes. AUD cells infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokine secretion and barrier dysfunction not present in infected non-AUD cells, consistent with increased early COVID-19 severity due to AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen F Easley
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - R Clayton Edenfield
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Megan E J Lott
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Ryan C Reed
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jayasri Das Sarma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ashish J Mehta
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, United States
| | - Bashar S Staitieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Erin K Lipp
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - In Ki Cho
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Scott K Johnson
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Cheryl A Jones
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | | | - Joshua M Levy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - S Mark Tompkins
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Charles A Easley
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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48
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Lie LK, Synowiec A, Mazur J, Rabalski L, Pyrć K. An engineered A549 cell line expressing CD13 and TMPRSS2 is permissive to clinical isolate of human coronavirus 229E. Virology 2023; 588:109889. [PMID: 37778059 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The lack of suitable in vitro culture model has hampered research on wild-type (WT) human coronaviruses. While 3D tissue or organ cultures have been instrumental for this purpose, such models are challenging, time-consuming, expensive and require extensive cell culture adaptation and directed evolution. Consequently, high-throughput applications are beyond reach in most cases. Here we developed a robust A549 cell line permissive to a human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) clinical isolate by transducing CD13 and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), henceforth referred to as A549++ cells. This modification allowed for productive infection, and a more detailed analysis showed that the virus might use the TMPRSS2-dependent pathway but can still bypass this pathway using cathepsin-mediated endocytosis. Overall, our data showed that A549++ cells are permissive to HCoV-229E clinical isolate, and applicable for further studies on HCoV-229E infectiology. Moreover, this line constitutes a uniform platform for studies on multiple members of the Coronaviridae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurensius Kevin Lie
- Virogenetics Group, Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Synowiec
- Virogenetics Group, Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Poland
| | - Jedrzej Mazur
- Virogenetics Group, Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
| | - Lukasz Rabalski
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Centre, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pyrć
- Virogenetics Group, Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Poland.
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49
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Belgacemi R, Ribeiro Baptista B, Justeau G, Toigo M, Frauenpreis A, Yilmaz R, Der Vartanian A, Cazaunau M, Pangui E, Bergé A, Gratien A, Macias Rodriguez JC, Bellusci S, Derumeaux G, Boczkowski J, Al Alam D, Coll P, Lanone S, Boyer L. Complex urban atmosphere alters alveolar stem cells niche properties and drives lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L447-L459. [PMID: 37529852 PMCID: PMC10639009 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00061.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence suggesting that urban pollution has adverse effects on lung health. However, how urban pollution affects alveolar mesenchymal and epithelial stem cell niches remains unknown. This study aimed to determine how complex representative urban atmospheres alter alveolar stem cell niche properties. Mice were placed in an innovative chamber realistically simulating the atmosphere of a megalopolis, or "clean air," for 7 days. Lungs were collected, and fibroblasts and epithelial cells (EpCAM+) were isolated. Proliferative capacities of fibroblasts were tested by population doubling levels (PDL), and microarray analyses were performed. Fibroblasts and EpCAM+ cells from exposed, nonexposed, or naive mice were cocultured in organoid assays to assess the stem cell properties. Collagen deposition (Sirius red), lipofibroblasts (ADRP, COL1A1), myofibroblasts (αSMA), alveolar type 2 cells (AT2, SFTPC+), and alveolar differentiation intermediate cell [ADI, keratin-8-positive (KRT8+)/claudin-4-positive (CLDN4+)] markers were quantified in the lungs. Fibroblasts obtained from mice exposed to urban atmosphere had lower PDL and survival and produced fewer and smaller organoids. Microarray analysis showed a decrease of adipogenesis and an increase of genes associated with fibrosis, suggesting a lipofibroblast to myofibroblast transition. Collagen deposition and myofibroblast number increased in the lungs of urban atmosphere-exposed mice. AT2 number was reduced and associated with an increase in ADI cells KRT8+/CLDN4+. Furthermore, EpCAM+ cells from exposed mice also produced fewer and smaller organoids. In conclusion, urban atmosphere alters alveolar mesenchymal stem cell niche properties by inducing a lipofibroblast to myofibroblast shift. It also results in alveolar epithelial dysfunction and a fibrotic-like phenotype.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Urban pollution is known to have major adverse effects on lung health. To assess the effect of pollution on alveolar regeneration, we exposed adult mice to a simulated high-pollution urban atmosphere, using an innovative CESAM simulation chamber (Multiphase Atmospheric Experimental Simulation Chamber, https://cesam.cnrs.fr/). We demonstrated that urban atmosphere alters alveolar mesenchymal stem cell niche properties by inducing a lipofibroblast to myofibroblast shift and induces alveolar epithelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Belgacemi
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | | | - Grégoire Justeau
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
| | - Marylène Toigo
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
| | - Andrew Frauenpreis
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Rojda Yilmaz
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
| | | | - Mathieu Cazaunau
- Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, Créteil, France
| | - Edouard Pangui
- Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, Créteil, France
| | - Antonin Bergé
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, Paris, France
| | - Aline Gratien
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, Paris, France
| | | | - Saverio Bellusci
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
- Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Patrice Coll
- Université Paris Cité and Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lanone
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, FHU Senec, Créteil, France
- Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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50
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Hou YJ, Chiba S, Leist SR, Meganck RM, Martinez DR, Schäfer A, Catanzaro NJ, Sontake V, West A, Edwards CE, Yount B, Lee RE, Gallant SC, Zost SJ, Powers J, Adams L, Kong EF, Mattocks M, Tata A, Randell SH, Tata PR, Halfmann P, Crowe JE, Kawaoka Y, Baric RS. Host range, transmissibility and antigenicity of a pangolin coronavirus. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1820-1833. [PMID: 37749254 PMCID: PMC10522490 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenic and cross-species transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (CoVs) remain poorly characterized. Here we recovered a wild-type pangolin (Pg) CoV GD strain including derivatives encoding reporter genes using reverse genetics. In primary human cells, PgCoV replicated efficiently but with reduced fitness and showed less efficient transmission via airborne route compared with SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters. PgCoV was potently inhibited by US Food and Drug Administration approved drugs, and neutralized by COVID-19 patient sera and SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic antibodies in vitro. A pan-Sarbecovirus antibody and SARS-CoV-2 S2P recombinant protein vaccine protected BALB/c mice from PgCoV infection. In K18-hACE2 mice, PgCoV infection caused severe clinical disease, but mice were protected by a SARS-CoV-2 human antibody. Efficient PgCoV replication in primary human cells and hACE2 mice, coupled with a capacity for airborne spread, highlights an emergence potential. However, low competitive fitness, pre-immune humans and the benefit of COVID-19 countermeasures should impede its ability to spread globally in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan J Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sarah R Leist
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rita M Meganck
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David R Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas J Catanzaro
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vishwaraj Sontake
- Department of Cell Biology, Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ande West
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Catlin E Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Boyd Yount
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rhianna E Lee
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel C Gallant
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Seth J Zost
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John Powers
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lily Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Edgar F Kong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melissa Mattocks
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Purushothama R Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peter Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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