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Bahamón-Pinzón D, Vélez-Torres I, Estes SL, Lee C, Moore A, Bridges W, Carraway E, Blazer H, Gutiérrez Zapata HM, Vanegas D. Confined within a sugarcane monoculture: A participatory assessment of water pollution and potential health risks in the community of El Tiple, Colombia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174072. [PMID: 38897454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Communities neighboring monoculture plantations are vulnerable to different forms of pollution associated with agro-industrial operations. Herein, we examine the case of El Tiple, a rural Afro descendant community embedded within one of the largest sugarcane plantations in the Americas. We implemented a participatory approach to assess water pollution, exposure via water ingestion, and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with the use of local water sources available to the community. We conducted household surveys to unveil demographic characteristics and family dynamics linked to water consumption. Additionally, we measured water quality parameters and assessed the concentration glyphosate, its major metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid) and metals and metalloids. Drinking water El Tiple households is sourced from three primary sources: the local aqueduct system, water delivery trucks, and private deep wells. Tests on water samples from both the local aqueduct and delivery trucks showed no traces of pesticides, metals, or metalloids surpassing regulatory limits set by Colombian or EPA standards. However, we found concentration of contaminants of primary concern, including mercury (up to 0.0052 ppm) and lead (up to 0.0375 ppm) that exceed the permissible regulatory thresholds in water from groundwater wells. Residents of the peripheric subdivisions of El Tiple are four times more reliant on well water extraction than residents of the central area of the town due to lack of access to public drinking water and sanitation infrastructure. Finally, adult women and school-age children have a higher health risk associated with exposure to local pollutants than adult men due to their constant presence in the town. We conclude that expanding the coverage of clean water and sanitation infrastructure to include all households of the community would be the most recommended measure to minimize exposure and risk via ingestion of water pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bahamón-Pinzón
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | - Irene Vélez-Torres
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering (EIDENAR), Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Interdisciplinary Group for Biotechnology Innovation and Ecosocial Change -BioNovo, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Shanna L Estes
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | - Cindy Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States; Department of Engineering and Science Education, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Arelis Moore
- Department of Languages, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | - William Bridges
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | - Elizabeth Carraway
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | - Haley Blazer
- Department of Languages, Clemson University, Clemson, United States
| | | | - Diana Vanegas
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, United States; Interdisciplinary Group for Biotechnology Innovation and Ecosocial Change -BioNovo, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI, United States.
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Ansari AH, Das A, Sonker A, Ansari NG, Ansari MA, Morthekai P. Assessment of the health risks associated with heavy metal contamination in the groundwaters of the Leh district, Ladakh. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:369. [PMID: 39167338 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
There has been a significant rise in cancer-related mortality in the Ladakh region during the past 10 years. The most common type of case is gastrointestinal cancer, which has been linked in theory by medical research to lifestyle factors, high altitude conditions, and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria brought on by poor hygiene. Nevertheless, the precise cause of the rise in cancer cases is still unknown. Concurrently, there has been a significant change in Ladakh's water use practices due to development, improved basic utilities, and related vocational shifts. The local population has become increasingly reliant on groundwater since it provides a year-round, continuous water supply for home and agricultural uses. In this study, we assessed heavy metal contamination in groundwaters and associated human health risks. The results indicate that 46-96% of the groundwater samples have heavy metal pollution with a health hazard index > 1, which means using these groundwaters for drinking, food preparation, and agriculture is likely to result in carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health hazards. The main heavy metal contaminants found in the groundwater of the Leh district include Cr, As, Hg, and U. According to the health risk assessment, 46-76% of the groundwater samples contain unsafe levels of Cr and As. Prolonged exposure to these levels is likely to cause gastrointestinal cancer in the local population. Acute to chronic exposure to U and Hg concentrations present in some groundwater samples is likely to result in various non-carcinogenic health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Ansari
- Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Arunaditya Das
- Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Archana Sonker
- Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Nasreen Ghazi Ansari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Mohammad Arif Ansari
- Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - P Morthekai
- Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
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Xiong D, Geng C, Zeng L, Yao H, Tan J, Zhang L, Liu X, Liu L. Artesunate induces ferroptosis by regulating MT1G and has an additive effect with doxorubicin in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28584. [PMID: 38560249 PMCID: PMC10979242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly aggressive disease with heterogeneous outcomes and marked variability in the response to chemotherapy. DLBCL comprises two major subtypes: germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC). Our study highlights the extensive antitumour activity of artesunate (ART) against both major DLBCL subtypes. Transcriptome analysis suggests the potential involvement of ferroptosis in artesunate-induced cell death. Because of low glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels, along with the accumulation of free iron (Fe2+), artesunate induces the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by phospholipid peroxidation. A putative target of artesunate, metallothionein 1G (MT1G), was selected for further analysis. Subsequent studies revealed that inhibiting MT1G expression in vitro significantly impedes the ferroptosis-promoting activity of artesunate by reducing lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation. We also showed that the combination of artesunate and doxorubicin had a marked additive inhibitory effect on GCB and ABC DLBCL cells. In conclusion, artesunate induces ferroptotic death in GCB and ABC DLBCL cells by attenuating the GPX4/GSH antioxidant defence system and increasing intracellular iron levels, indicating its therapeutic potential for relapsed or refractory DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Chengjie Geng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Liyi Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hua Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiewen Tan
- Department of Hematology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Langxia Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Issah I, Duah MS, Arko-Mensah J, Bawua SA, Agyekum TP, Fobil JN. Exposure to metal mixtures and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168380. [PMID: 37963536 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to metal mixtures is associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes like low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. However, prior studies have used individual metal analysis, lacking real-life exposure scenarios. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aims to evaluate the strength and consistency of the association between metal mixtures and pregnancy and birth outcomes, identify research gaps, and inform future studies and policies in this area. METHODS The review adhered to the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) checklist, along with the guidelines for conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology (COSMOS-E). Our data collection involved searching the PubMed, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases. We utilized inclusion criteria to identify relevant studies. These chosen studies underwent thorough screening and data extraction procedures. Methodological quality evaluations were conducted using the NOS framework for cohort and case-control studies, and the AXIS tool for cross-sectional studies. RESULTS The review included 34 epidemiological studies, half of which focused on birth weight, and the others investigated neonate size, preterm birth, small for gestational age, miscarriage, and placental characteristics. The findings revealed significant associations between metal mixtures (including mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and chromium (Cr)) and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, demonstrating diverse effects and potential interactions. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this review consistently establishes connections between metal exposure during pregnancy and adverse consequences for birth weight, gestational age, and other vital birth-related metrics. This review further demonstrates the need to apply mixture methods with caution but also shows that they can be superior to traditional approaches. Further research is warranted to deeper understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop effective strategies for mitigating the potential risks associated with metal mixture exposure during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Issah
- West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Department of Surgery, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Mabel S Duah
- West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Serwaa A Bawua
- West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Thomas P Agyekum
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
| | - Julius N Fobil
- West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Vinayagam S, Sathishkumar K, Ayyamperumal R, Natarajan PM, Ahmad I, Saeed M, Alabdallah NM, Sundaram T. Distribution and transport of contaminants in soil through mining processes and its environmental impact and health hazard assessment: A review of the prospective solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117473. [PMID: 37871785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental regulations were concerned with support in reaction to the enormous ecological harm caused by mining in the past. Because mining, dumping, and tailings can generate waste and radioactive consequences, society must develop methods for successfully treating mining waste from mine dumps, tailings, and abandoned mines. Strict policies associated with environmental regulations to avoid the possible dangers caused by garbage and radioactivity. Several characteristics, including background contamination from natural sources related to mineral deposits, contamination from industrial activities in three-dimensional subsurface space, a problem with long-term remediation following mine closure, a problem with secondary contaminated areas near mine sites, land use conflicts, and abandoned mines, distinguish it. Reusing and recycling mine waste occasionally results in cost-effective advantages in the mining sector by offsetting natural resource requirements and reducing the volume of garbage materials. These benefits stem from recycling and reusing mining waste, which can lower the amount of garbage that must be managed. This review focuses on realistic strategies for anticipating mining exploration control and attempts to examine those methods in-depth. Management strategies for limiting the environmental impact of mining dumps, stockpiles, and tailings were discussed. The environmental assessment was also mentioned to carry out specific control and take preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Vinayagam
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Prabhu Manickam Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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Eaves LA, Bulka CM, Rager JE, Gardner AJ, Galusha AL, Parsons PJ, O'Shea TM, Fry RC. Metal mixtures modeling identifies birth weight-associated gene networks in the placentas of children born extremely preterm. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137469. [PMID: 36493891 PMCID: PMC10476282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to toxic metals is linked to numerous adverse birth and later-in-life outcomes. These outcomes are tied to disrupted biological processes in fetal-derived tissues including the placenta and umbilical cord yet the precise pathways are understudied in these target tissues. We set out to examine the relationship between metal concentrations in umbilical cord and altered gene expression networks in placental tissue. These novel relationships were investigated in a subset of the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn (ELGAN) cohort (n = 226). Prenatal exposure to 11 metals/metalloids was measured using inductively coupled plasma tandem-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) in cord tissue, ensuring passage through the placental barrier. RNA-sequencing was used to quantify >37,000 mRNA transcripts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with respect to each metal. Weighted gene co-expression analysis identified gene networks modulated by metals. Two innovative mixtures modeling techniques, namely principal components analysis and quantile-based g-computation, were employed to identify genes/gene networks associated with multi-metal exposure. Individually, lead was associated with the strongest genomic response of 191 DEGs. Joint lead and cadmium exposure was related to 657 DEGs, including DNA Methyl Transferase 1 (DNMT1). These genes were enriched for the Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (EIF2) pathway. Four gene networks, each containing genes within a Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of Activated B Cells (NF-kB)-mediated network, were significantly increased in average expression level in relation to increases in all metal concentrations. All four of these metal mixture-associated gene networks were negatively correlated with important predictors of neonatal health including birth weight, placenta weight, and fetal growth. Bringing together novel methodologies from epidemiological mixtures analyses and toxicogenomics, applied to a unique cohort of extremely preterm children, the present study highlighted critical genes and pathways in the placenta dysregulated by prenatal metal mixtures. These represent potential mechanisms underlying the developmental origins of metal-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Catherine M Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amaree J Gardner
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Zhang S, Han Y, Peng J, Chen Y, Zhan L, Li J. Human health risk assessment for contaminated sites: A retrospective review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107700. [PMID: 36527872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination is a serious global hazard as contaminants can migrate to the human body through the soil, water, air, and food, threatening human health. Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) is a commonly used method for estimating the magnitude and probability of adverse health effects in humans that may be exposed to contaminants in contaminated environmental media in the present or future. Such estimations have improved for decades with various risk assessment frameworks and well-established models. However, the existing literature does not provide a comprehensive overview of the methods and models of HHRA that are needed to grasp the current status of HHRA and future research directions. Thus, this paper aims to systematically review the HHRA approaches and models, particularly those related to contaminated sites from peer-reviewed literature and guidelines. The approaches and models focus on methods used in hazard identification, toxicity databases in dose-response assessment, approaches and fate and transport models in exposure assessment, risk characterization, and uncertainty characterization. The features and applicability of the most commonly used HHRA tools are also described. The future research trend for HHRA for contaminated sites is also forecasted. The transition from animal experiments to new methods in risk identification, the integration and update and sharing of existing toxicity databases, the integration of human biomonitoring into the risk assessment process, and the integration of migration and transformation models and risk assessment are the way forward for risk assessment in the future. This review provides readers with an overall understanding of HHRA and a grasp of its developmental direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingyue Han
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingyu Peng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunmin Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liangtong Zhan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Vidal AC, Moylan CA, Wilder J, Grant DJ, Murphy SK, Hoyo C. Racial disparities in liver cancer: Evidence for a role of environmental contaminants and the epigenome. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959852. [PMID: 36072796 PMCID: PMC9441658 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer incidence has tripled since the early 1980s, making this disease one of the fastest rising types of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In the US, incidence varies by geographic location and race, with the highest incidence in the southwestern and southeastern states and among racial minorities such as Hispanic and Black individuals. Prognosis is also poorer among these populations. The observed ethnic disparities do not fully reflect differences in the prevalence of risk factors, e.g., for cirrhosis that may progress to liver cancer or from genetic predisposition. Likely substantial contributors to risk are environmental factors, including chemical and non-chemical stressors; yet, the paucity of mechanistic insights impedes prevention efforts. Here, we review the current literature and evaluate challenges to reducing liver cancer disparities. We also discuss the hypothesis that epigenetic mediators may provide biomarkers for early detection to support interventions that reduce disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C. Vidal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Moylan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Julius Wilder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Delores J. Grant
- Department of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Susan K. Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Research, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress of Environmental Origin on the Onset of Placental Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010106. [PMID: 35052610 PMCID: PMC8773163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in placental development; however, abnormal loads in oxidative stress molecules may overwhelm the placental defense mechanisms and cause pathological situations. The environment in which the mother evolves triggers an exposure of the placental tissue to chemical, physical, and biological agents of OS, with potential pathological consequences. Here we shortly review the physiological and developmental functions of OS in the placenta, and present a series of environmental pollutants inducing placental oxidative stress, for which some insights regarding the underlying mechanisms have been proposed, leading to a recapitulation of the noxious effects of OS of environmental origin upon the human placenta.
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Sanchez TR, Hu X, Zhao J, Tran V, Loiacono N, Go YM, Goessler W, Cole S, Umans J, Jones DP, Navas-Acien A, Uppal K. An atlas of metallome and metabolome interactions and associations with incident diabetes in the Strong Heart Family Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106810. [PMID: 34365318 PMCID: PMC8490308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to certain metals plays a role in disease development. Integrating untargeted metabolomics with urinary metallome data may contribute to better understanding the pathophysiology of diseases and complex molecular interactions related to environmental metal exposures. To discover novel associations between urinary metal biomarkers and metabolism networks, we conducted an integrative metallome-metabolome analysis using a panel of urinary metals and untargeted blood metabolomic data from the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). METHODS The SHFS is a prospective family-based cohort study comprised of American Indian men and women recruited in 2001-2003. This nested case-control analysis of 145 participants of which 50 developed incident diabetes at follow up in 2006-2009, included participants with urinary metal and untargeted metabolomic data. Concentrations of 8 creatinine-adjusted urine metals/metalloids [antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), tungsten (W), uranium (U) and zinc (Zn)], and 4 arsenic species [inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonate (MMA), dimethylarsinate (DMA), and arsenobetaine (AsB)] were measured. Global metabolomics was performed on plasma samples using high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. We performed an integrative network analysis using xMWAS and a metabolic pathway analysis using Mummichog. RESULTS 8,810 metabolic features and 12 metal species were included in the integrative network analysis. Most metal species were associated with distinct subsets of metabolites, forming single-metal-multiple-metabolite clusters (|r|>0.28, p-value < 0.001). DMA (clustering with W), iAs (clustering with U), together with Mo and Se showed modest interactions through associations with common metabolites. Pathway enrichment analysis of associated metabolites (|r|>0.17, p-value < 0.1) showed effects in amino acid metabolism (AsB, Sb, Se and U), fatty acid and lipid metabolism (iAs, Mo, W, Sb, Pb, Cd and Zn). In stratified analyses among participants who went on to develop diabetes, iAs and U clustered together through shared metabolites, and both were associated with the phosphatidylinositol phosphate metabolism pathway; metals were also associated with metabolites in energy metabolism (iAs, MMA, DMA, U, W) and xenobiotic degradation and metabolism (DMA, Pb) pathways. CONCLUSION In this integrative analysis of multiple metals and untargeted metabolomics, results show common associations with fatty acid, energy and amino acid metabolism pathways. Results for individual metabolite associations differed for different metals, indicating that larger populations will be needed to confirm the metal-metal interactions detected here, such as the strong interaction of uranium and inorganic arsenic. Understanding the biochemical networks underlying metabolic homeostasis and their association with exposure to multiple metals may help identify novel biomarkers, pathways of disease, potential signatures of environmental metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany R Sanchez
- Department of Environment Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - ViLinh Tran
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nancy Loiacono
- Department of Environment Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Shelley Cole
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jason Umans
- Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC, USA; MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environment Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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11
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Duan S, Zhang M, Li J, Tian J, Yin H, Wang X, Zhang L. Uterine metabolic disorder induced by silica nanoparticles: biodistribution and bioactivity revealed by labeling with FITC. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:62. [PMID: 33639958 PMCID: PMC7916316 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive application of nanomaterials has dramatically increased the risk of silica nanoparticle (SiNP, SiO2) exposure, yet their biological effect on reproduction has not been fully elucidated. By tracking the uterine biodistribution of SiNP in pregnant mice, this study was conducted to evaluate the biological effect of SiNP on reproduction. First, SiNP was conjugated with FITC, and then the FITC-SiNP was administrated to trophoblast (100 µg/mL, 24 h) in vitro and pregnant mice (0.25 mg/mouse, 2-24 h) in vivo. It was found that the FITC-SiNP was internalized by trophoblast and deposited in the uterus. The internalization of SiNP caused trophoblast dysfunction and apoptosis, while SiNP accumulation in the uterus induced diffuse inflammatory infiltration. The genome-wide alteration of gene expression was studied by high throughput sequencing analysis, where 75 genes were found to be dysregulated after SiNP exposure, among which ACOT2, SCD1, and CPT1A were demonstrated to regulate the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, the suppression of unsaturated fatty acids caused mitochondrial overload of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA (LACoA), which further induced both trophoblast apoptosis and endometrial inflammation. In conclusion, the successful conjugation of FITC onto SiNP facilitated the tracking of SiNP in vitro and in vivo, while exposure to FITC-SiNP induced uterine metabolic disorder, which was regulated by the ACOT/CPT1A/SCD1 axis through the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, 250001, Jinan, China.,School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, 250001, Jinan, China
| | - Junxia Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, 261053, Weifang, China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, 261053, Weifang, China
| | - Haoyu Yin
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, 261053, Weifang, China
| | - Xietong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, 250001, Jinan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, 250001, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, 250001, Jinan, China.
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12
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Faloye OR, Sobukola OP, Shittu TA, Bakare HA. Influence of frying parameters and optimization of deep fat frying conditions on the physicochemical and textural properties of chicken nuggets from FUNAAB-Alpha broilers. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Influence of deep fat frying parameters on quality attributes of chicken nuggets from FUNAAB-Alpha broilers and optimization of the process using Box-Behnken experimental design of response surface methodology was investigated. Fried chicken nuggets were obtained using frying temperature (155–175 °C), frying time (3–7 min) and sample thickness (0.5–2.5 cm) as independent variables. Oil and moisture contents, texture (hardness, chewiness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and springiness) and colour (L*, a* and b*) of samples were analyzed using standard procedures. Significance of each term in polynomial regression equations was evaluated on quality attributes. The accuracy of the regression models varied between 0.727 and 0.939. The effect of frying temperature on quality attributes of fried chicken nuggets was more significant (p > 0.05). The optimum frying temperature, frying time and sample thickness are determined as 175 °C, 3 min, 2.32 cm, respectively. Absolute percent error between optimized and experimental data were within the acceptable limit.
Graphic abstract
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13
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Arrebola JP, Muñoz A, Ferrero S, Larrea-Killinger C. Perceptions and Attitudes of Gynecologic and Pediatric Professionals Regarding Dietary Exposure to Chemical Pollutants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113946. [PMID: 32498397 PMCID: PMC7312743 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing concern regarding the potential implications of continuous dietary exposure to low doses of artificial chemical pollutants, particularly in critical life stages such as pregnancy and lactation. Within a wider social research, we analyzed the risk perception, discourses, and attitudes of health professionals regarding dietary exposure to artificial chemical contaminants. Data was collected by personal interviews on 35 health professionals from two Spanish regions. Although the participants' discourses were strongly dominated by the nutritional composition and microbiological contamination, 34 expressed some concern regarding metals, and 23 regarding pesticides. Although only one participant mentioned a plasticizer (i.e., bisphenol A), we noted an underlying concern, since six professionals admitted to recommending pregnant women to somewhat avoid plastic food containers, and were aware of mother-to-child transmission and accumulation of artificial chemicals. The ubiquity of the exposure, the inability to locate the threat, and contradictory messages can all create a sense of helplessness and subsequent cognitive adjustments. Our participants also reported a lack of information, particularly on emerging pollutants. In conclusion, we found a range of valuable discourses that can aid in orienting public health strategies aimed at health professionals who have a substantial influence on their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Araceli Muñoz
- School of Social Work, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
- Food Observatory, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ferrero
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant Joan de Déu University Hospital, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cristina Larrea-Killinger
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Food Observatory, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Coyte RM, Vengosh A. Factors Controlling the Risks of Co-occurrence of the Redox-Sensitive Elements of Arsenic, Chromium, Vanadium, and Uranium in Groundwater from the Eastern United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4367-4375. [PMID: 32167307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of contaminants in drinking water may pose enhanced risks to health beyond the effects of single contaminants. Here, we investigated the co-occurrence of four health-relevant redox-sensitive elements (U, As, V, and Cr) in 1494 groundwater wells across North Carolina. The highest concentrations of these elements were measured mostly in groundwater from fractured igneous and metamorphic formations throughout the Piedmont region. Arsenic occurred most frequently in suboxic to mixed redox character groundwater, whereas U, V, and Cr occurred mostly in oxic groundwater. Occurrences of As, and to a lesser extent U, increased with pH, likely reflecting desorption, while higher Cr and V levels were measured in near-neutral pH and oxic groundwater, reflecting greater sensitivity to redox conditions. Due to similar geochemistry, V and Cr co-occurred most frequently. Concentrations of V and Cr(VI) co-exceeded health recommendations from the NC Department of Health and Human Services in up to 84% of wells from the King's Mountain Belt and the Charlotte and Milton Belts of the Piedmont region. This study highlights the large gap between health recommendations and enforceable regulations and demonstrates a degree of co-occurrence between redox-sensitive elements, which may pose additional risks to groundwater-reliant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Coyte
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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15
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Zhao L, Sun L, Zheng X, Liu J, Zheng R, Yang R, Wang Y. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer alter human placental function through trophoblasts in early pregnancy. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1897-1909. [PMID: 32319609 PMCID: PMC7057775 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the potential risk associated with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF‑ET) has been previously investigated but remains to be fully elucidated. As the placenta is a critical organ that sustains and protects the fetus, this is an important area of research. The aim of the present study was to determine the difference in trophoblast cell function in the first trimester between naturally conceived pregnancies and pregnancies achieved via IVF‑ET therapy. A total of 20 placental villi in first trimester samples were obtained through fetal bud aspiration from patients undergoing IVF‑ET due to oviductal factors between January 2016 and August 2018. In addition, a further 20 placental villi were obtained from those who naturally conceived and had normal pregnancies but were undergoing artificial abortion; these patients were recruited as the controls. Reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q)PCR and semi‑quantitative immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of α‑fetoprotein (AFP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transferrin (TF), tubulin β1 class VI (TUBB1), metallothionein 1G (MT1G), BCL2, glial cells missing transcription factor 1 (GCM1), epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), PTEN and leukocyte associated immunoglobulin like receptor 2 (LAIR2) in villi from both groups. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted. The RT‑qPCR data revealed that the mRNA expression levels of AFP, VEGF and TF were significantly higher in the IVF‑ET group than in the control group (P<0.05), and those of TUBB1, MT1G, BCL2, GCM1, EGFR, PTEN and LAIR2 were significantly lower (P<0.05). These gene products were expressed in the placental villus tissues, either in the cytoplasm, or in the membrane of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells. The immunohistochemistry results were in line with those observed using RT‑qPCR. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the trophoblast cell function of the IVF‑ET group in the first trimester was different from naturally conceived pregnancies with regard to proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and vascular development. The IVF‑ET process may trigger adaptive placental responses, and these compensatory mechanisms could be a risk for certain diseases later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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16
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Xu EG, Lin N, Cheong RS, Ridsdale C, Tahara R, Du TY, Das D, Zhu J, Peña Silva L, Azimzada A, Larsson HCE, Tufenkji N. Artificial turf infill associated with systematic toxicity in an amniote vertebrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25156-25161. [PMID: 31767765 PMCID: PMC6911194 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909886116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial athletic turf containing crumb rubber (CR) from shredded tires is a growing environmental and public health concern. However, the associated health risk is unknown due to the lack of toxicity data for higher vertebrates. We evaluated the toxic effects of CR in a developing amniote vertebrate embryo. CR water leachate was administered to fertilized chicken eggs via different exposure routes, i.e., coating by dropping CR leachate on the eggshell; dipping the eggs into CR leachate; microinjecting CR leachate into the air cell or yolk. After 3 or 7 d of incubation, embryonic morphology, organ development, physiology, and molecular pathways were measured. The results showed that CR leachate injected into the yolk caused mild to severe developmental malformations, reduced growth, and specifically impaired the development of the brain and cardiovascular system, which were associated with gene dysregulation in aryl hydrocarbon receptor, stress-response, and thyroid hormone pathways. The observed systematic effects were probably due to a complex mixture of toxic chemicals leaching from CR, such as metals (e.g., Zn, Cr, Pb) and amines (e.g., benzothiazole). This study points to a need to closely examine the potential regulation of the use of CR on playgrounds and artificial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Nicholas Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Rachel S Cheong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | | | - Rui Tahara
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C4, Canada
| | - Trina Y Du
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C4, Canada
| | - Dharani Das
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Jiping Zhu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Laura Peña Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C4, Canada
| | - Agil Azimzada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hans C E Larsson
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C4, Canada;
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada;
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17
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Tang B, Tong P, Xue KS, Williams PL, Wang JS, Tang L. High-throughput assessment of toxic effects of metal mixtures of cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb), and manganese(Mn) in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:232-241. [PMID: 31220657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, a class of persistent environmental toxicants, are harmful to human health. Cd and Pb are two of the most common toxic heavy metals that have been linked with cancers and malfunction of the nervous system. Notably, contamination of Mn usually coexisted with Cd and Pb in environmental and occupational settings. Studies regularly examined the toxic effects on individual metals; however, potential health and toxic effects of mixtures containing two or more heavy metals are unknown. Here, we investigated toxic effects of Cd, Pb, Mn, and their binary and ternary mixtures in the nematode Caenorhabdities elegans. The toxic outcomes, including effects on growth, reproduction, and feeding, were measured via high-throughput platform analysis. The transgenic strain BY250 with GFP in dopaminergic neurons was used to explore the neurodegenerative effects induced by single metals or their mixtures. The combination index(CI) for mixtures effect was calculated using isobolograms methods. Following the exposure, we found significant toxic effects in C. elegans. For single metals, the toxicity order for growth, reproduction, and feeding were Pb > Cd > Mn. For mixtures, the mixture of Cd + Mn induced a less than addictive effect in C. elegans, whereas the mixtures of Cd + Pb, Pb + Mn, and Cd + Pb + Mn induced greater-than-additive effects. Both single metals and their mixtures induced abnormality in dopaminergic neurons. These results showed combinative toxic and neurodegenerative effects of heavy metal mixtures, and future studies will focus on characterization of concentration-response patterns and identification of potential molecular mechanisms in C. elegans model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kathy S Xue
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Phillip L Williams
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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18
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Espart A, Artime S, Tort-Nasarre G, Yara-Varón E. Cadmium exposure during pregnancy and lactation: materno-fetal and newborn repercussions of Cd(ii), and Cd-metallothionein complexes. Metallomics 2019; 10:1359-1367. [PMID: 30221266 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-physiological heavy metal that can be harmful at low concentrations. Increasing anthropogenic activities are incrementing the risk of accumulation of this heavy metal in different organs and tissues of the body. In the case of pregnant women, the threat is more serious due to the implications affecting not only their own health but also fetal development as well. Metallothioneins (MTs), small cysteine-rich proteins, are involved in zinc (Zn) and copper homeostasis in mammals but can, however, also bind with Cd if present. The accumulation of Cd in maternal tissues (e.g. placenta, maternal blood, and mammary glands) induces the synthesis of MTs, preferably MT2, in an attempt to sequester the metal to avoid toxicity. The formed Cd-MT complexes will avoid the Cd transport from the placenta to the fetus and end up accumulating in the maternal kidneys. At the same time, high concentrations of MTs will increase the formation of Zn-MT complexes, therefore decreasing the amount of Zn ions available to be transported to the fetus by means of Zn transporters such as ZnT2, ZIP14 and DMT1. Although MTs cannot transport Cd from the mother to the fetus, the divalent DMT1 transporter is suggested to carry the metal to the fetus. As a consequence, the low levels of Zn(ii) in the fetus, together with the presence of Cd(ii) coming from the mother either via the placenta and cord blood or via breast milk induce changes in the fetal development including fetal growth retardation, and low weight or height of the newborn. Likewise, the concentrations of Cd(ii) in the newborn can cause alterations such as cognitive disabilities. In summary, the presence of Cd(ii) in the maternal tissues will induce MT synthesis in an attempt to detoxify these tissues and reduce the possible toxicity of Cd in fetal and newborn tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Espart
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, c. Montserrat Roig 2, Lleida, E-25198, Spain. and Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr PifarréFoundation, IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, Lleida, E-25198, Spain
| | - Sebastián Artime
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Glòria Tort-Nasarre
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, c. Montserrat Roig 2, Lleida, E-25198, Spain.
| | - Edinson Yara-Varón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain
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Fry RC, Bangma J, Szilagyi J, Rager JE. Developing novel in vitro methods for the risk assessment of developmental and placental toxicants in the environment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114635. [PMID: 31233757 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the placenta is critical for the regulation of maternal homeostasis and fetal growth and development. Exposures to environmental chemicals during pregnancy can be detrimental to the health of the placenta and therefore adversely impact maternal and fetal health. Though research on placental-derived developmental toxicity is expanding, testing is limited by the resources required for traditional test methods based on whole animal experimentation. Alternative strategies utilizing in vitro methods are well suited to contribute to more efficient screening of chemical toxicity and identification of biological mechanisms underlying toxicity outcomes. This review aims to summarize methods that can be used to evaluate toxicity resulting from exposures during the prenatal period, with a focus on newer in vitro methods centered on placental toxicity. The following key aspects are reviewed: (i) traditional test methods based on animal developmental toxicity testing, (ii) in vitro methods using monocultures and explant models, as well as more recently developed methods, including co-cultures, placenta-on-a-chip, and 3-dimensional (3D) cell models, (iii) endpoints that are commonly measured using in vitro designs, and (iv) the translation of in vitro methods into chemical evaluations and risk assessment applications. We conclude that findings from in vitro placental models can contribute to the screening of potentially hazardous chemicals, elucidation of chemical mechanism of action, incorporation into adverse outcome pathways, estimation of doses eliciting toxicity, derivation of extrapolation factors, and characterization of overall risk of adverse outcomes, representing key components of chemical regulation in the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bangma
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - John Szilagyi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Yang C, Lim W, Bazer FW, Song G. Homosalate aggravates the invasion of human trophoblast cells as well as regulates intracellular signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:1263-1273. [PMID: 30267922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Homosalate is an organic ultraviolet filter used in most sunscreens but has been reported to be toxic to marine organisms. The estrogenic activity of homosalate has also been reported, but its endocrine-disrupting effect remains unclear. Although homosalate has been detected in human placental tissues, its effect on the survival of human trophoblast cells needs to be investigated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated if HTR8/SVneo, a human trophoblast cell line, treated with homosalate showed decreasing proliferative activity in a dose-dependent manner. Homosalate promoted the death of HTR8/SVneo cells with elevated lipid peroxidation and intracellular Ca2+ concentration. It also induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial morphological disturbances associated with the differentiation of human trophoblast cells. However, when the intracellular Ca2+ or reactive oxygen species were removed using BAPTA-AM or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), the cell proliferation suppressed by homosalate was restored. Homosalate also significantly inhibited the invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells. Furthermore, it modulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which were involved in the cross-talk between both signaling pathways in HTR8/SVneo cells. Thus, homosalate adversely affects the survival, proliferation, and invasiveness of human trophoblast cells and therefore pregnant women should practice caution while using personal care products containing homosalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-2471, Texas, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Cobb E, Hall J, Palazzolo DL. Induction of Metallothionein Expression After Exposure to Conventional Cigarette Smoke but Not Electronic Cigarette (ECIG)-Generated Aerosol in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Physiol 2018; 9:426. [PMID: 29740339 PMCID: PMC5925786 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: With the invention of electronic cigarettes (ECIG), many questions have been raised regarding their safety as an alternative to smoking conventional cigarettes. Conventional cigarette smoke contains a variety of toxicants including heavy metals. However, ECIG-generated aerosol contains only trace amounts of metals, adding to the argument for it being a safer alternative. In response to heavy metal exposure, metallothioneins are induced in cells to help store the metal, detoxify the body, and are also known responders to oxidative stress. In an attempt to add to the evaluation of the safety of ECIGs, metallothionein expression was quantified using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as an assessment of stress induced cellular damage caused by exposure. Methods: Adult nematodes were exposed to either ECIG aerosol or conventional cigarette smoke at doses of 15, 30, and 45 puffs, the equivalent of one, two, and three cigarettes, respectively. Movement, survival, and stress-induced sleep were assessed for up to 24 h after exposure. Relative expression levels for mtl-1 and mtl-2, C. elegans metallothionein genes, were analyzed after 1, 5, and 24 h post exposure using quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Nematodes exposed to conventional cigarette smoke underwent stress-induced sleep in a dose dependent manner with animals recovering to values within the range of air control after 5 h post exposure. Those exposed to ECIG aerosol did not undergo stress-induced sleep and were indistinguishable from controls. The expression of mtl-1 increased in a dose and time dependent manner in C. elegans exposed to conventional cigarette smoke, with a maximum expression observed at 5 h post exposure of 45 puffs. No induction of mtl-2 was observed in any animals. Additionally, ECIG aerosol did not induce expression of mtl-1 and mtl-2 at levels different than those of untreated. Conclusion: ECIG aerosol failed to induce a stress response in C. elegans. In contrast, conventional cigarette smoke induced the production of mtl-1 in a manner that correlates with the induction of stress-induced sleep suggesting a stress response to damage. The lack of cellular stress response to ECIG aerosol suggests it may be a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Cobb
- School of Mathematics and Sciences, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, United States.,DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, United States
| | - Julie Hall
- Department of Biology, School of Mathematics and Sciences, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, United States
| | - Dominic L Palazzolo
- Department of Physiology, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, United States
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22
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Toxic elements in hair and in vitro fertilization outcomes: A prospective cohort study. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 77:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Li C, Chen Q, Zhang X, Snyder SA, Gong Z, Lam SH. An integrated approach with the zebrafish model for biomonitoring of municipal wastewater effluent and receiving waters. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 131:33-44. [PMID: 29258003 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive monitoring of water pollution is challenging. With the increasing amount and types of anthropogenic compounds being released into water, there are rising concerns of undetected toxicity. This is especially true for municipal wastewater effluents that are discharged to surface waters. This study was designed to integrate zebrafish toxicogenomics, targeted gene expression, and morphological analyses, for toxicity evaluation of effluent discharged from two previously characterized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Pima County, Arizona, and their receiving surface water. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to organic extracts from the WWTP1 effluent that were reconstituted to represent 1× and 0.5× of the original concentration. Microarray analyses identified deregulated gene probes that mapped to 1666, 779, and 631 unique human homologs in the 1×, 0.5×, and the intersection of both groups, respectively. These were associated with 18 cellular and molecular functions ranging from cell cycle to metabolism and are involved in the development and function of 10 organ systems including nervous, cardiovascular, haematological, reproductive, and hepatic systems. Superpathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, retinoic acid receptor activation, glucocorticoid receptor and prolactin signaling were among the top 11 perturbed canonical pathways. Real-time quantitative PCR validated the expression changes of 12 selected genes. These genes were then tested on zebrafish embryos exposed to the reconstituted extract of water sampled downstream of WWTP1 and another nearby WWTP2. The expression of several targeted genes were significantly affected by the WWTP effluents and some of the downstream receiving waters. Morphological analyses using four transgenic zebrafish lines revealed potential toxicity associated with nervous, hepatic, endothelial-vascular and myeloid systems. This study demonstrated how information can be obtained using adverse outcome pathway framework to derive biological effect-based monitoring tools. This integrated approach using zebrafish can supplement analytical chemistry to provide more comprehensive monitoring of discharged effluents and their receiving waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Li
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Qiyu Chen
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shane A Snyder
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Harshbarger 108, Tucson, AZ 85721-0011, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Siew Hong Lam
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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24
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Adebambo OA, Shea D, Fry RC. Cadmium disrupts signaling of the hypoxia-inducible (HIF) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) pathways in placental JEG-3 trophoblast cells via reactive oxygen species. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 342:108-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Tang L, Su J, Liang P. Modeling cadmium-induced endothelial toxicity using human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14811. [PMID: 29093498 PMCID: PMC5665915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal that results in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Prior evidence revealed that Cd induced endothelial cell (EC) death and dysfunction, supporting that ECs are a primary target of Cd-induced toxicity, and can cause severe pathologies of vascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of Cd-induced endothelial toxicity in a human model system of H9 human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (H9-ECs). We showed that H9-ECs were susceptible to CdCl2 induction, leading to detrimental changes of cell structure and significantly elevated level of apoptosis. We demonstrated that CdCl2-treated H9-ECs gave rise to a clear EC dysfunction phenotype and significantly differential transcriptomic profile. Signaling pathway analysis revealed that P38 or ERK signaling pathway is critical to cadmium-induced EC apoptosis and dysfunction, and inhibition of P38 or ERK effectively rescued CdCl2-induced endothelial toxicity in H9-ECs. Conclusively, hPSC-ECs can be a reliable model to recapitulate the EC pathological features and transcriptomic profile, which may provide a unique platform for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Cd-induced endothelial toxicity and for identifying therapeutic drugs for Cd-induced vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310029, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Su
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310029, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310029, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Brohi RD, Wang L, Talpur HS, Wu D, Khan FA, Bhattarai D, Rehman ZU, Farmanullah F, Huo LJ. Toxicity of Nanoparticles on the Reproductive System in Animal Models: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:606. [PMID: 28928662 PMCID: PMC5591883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, nanotechnologies demonstrated various applications in different fields, including detection, sensing, catalysis, electronics, and biomedical sciences. However, public concerns regarding the well-being of human may hinder the wide utilization of this promising innovation. Although, humans are exposed to airborne nanosized particles from an early age, exposure to such particles has risen dramatically within the last century due to anthropogenic sources of nanoparticles. The wide application of nanomaterials in industry, consumer products, and medicine has raised concerns regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles in humans. In this review, the effects of nanomaterials on the reproductive system in animal models are discussed. Females are particularly more vulnerable to nanoparticle toxicity, and toxicity in this population may affect reproductivity and fetal development. Moreover, various types of nanoparticles have negative impacts on male germ cells, fetal development, and the female reproductive system. These impacts are associated with nanoparticle modification, composition, concentration, route of administration, and the species of the animal. Therefore, understanding the impacts of nanoparticles on animal growth and reproduction is essential. Many studies have examined the effects of nanoparticles on primary and secondary target organs, with a concentration on the in vivo and in vitro effects of nanoparticles on the male and female reproductive systems at the clinical, cellular, and molecular levels. This review provides important information regarding organism safety and the potential hazards of nanoparticle use and supports the application of nanotechnologies by minimizing the adverse effects of nanoparticles in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Dad Brohi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Hira Sajjad Talpur
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Farhan Anwar Khan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Dinesh Bhattarai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zia-Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - F Farmanullah
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
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27
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He Y, Flynn SL, Folkerts EJ, Zhang Y, Ruan D, Alessi DS, Martin JW, Goss GG. Chemical and toxicological characterizations of hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 114:78-87. [PMID: 28229951 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing (HF) has emerged as a major method of unconventional oil and gas recovery. The toxicity of hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water (HF-FPW) has not been previously reported and is complicated by the combined complexity of organic and inorganic constituents in HF fluids and deep formation water. In this study, we characterized the solids, salts, and organic signatures in an HF-FPW sample from the Duvernay Formation, Alberta, Canada. Untargeted HPLC-Orbitrap revealed numerous unknown dissolved polar organics. Among the most prominent peaks, a substituted tri-phenyl phosphate was identified which is likely an oxidation product of a common polymer antioxidant. Acute toxicity of zebrafish embryo was attributable to high salinity and organic contaminants in HF-FPW with LC50 values ranging from 0.6% to 3.9%, depending on the HF-FPW fractions and embryo developmental stages. Induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was detected, due in part to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and suspended solids might have a synergistic effect on EROD induction. This study demonstrates that toxicological profiling of real HF-FPW sample presents great challenges for assessing the potential risks and impacts posed by HF-FPW spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe He
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Shannon L Flynn
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Erik J Folkerts
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Dongliang Ruan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada
| | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E9 Alberta, Canada.
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28
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miRNAs as common regulators of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway in the preeclamptic placenta and cadmium-treated trophoblasts: Links between the environment, the epigenome and preeclampsia. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:50-57. [PMID: 27375191 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy disorder characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria that can cause adverse health effects in both mother and fetus. There is no current cure for PE other than delivery of the fetus/placenta. While the etiology is unknown, poor placentation due to aberrant signaling of growth and angiogenic factors has been postulated as a causal factor of PE. In addition, environmental contaminants, such as the metal cadmium (Cd), have been linked to placental toxicity and increased risk of developing PE. Here, we use a translational study design to investigate genomic and epigenomic alterations in both placentas and placental trophoblasts, focused on the angiogenesis-associated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway. Genes within the TGF-β pathway displayed increased expression in both the preeclamptic placenta and Cd-treated trophoblasts. In addition, miRNAs that target the TGF-β pathway were also significantly altered within the preeclamptic placenta and Cd-treated trophoblasts. Integrative analysis resulted in the identification of a subset of Cd-responsive miRNAs, including miR-26a and miR-155, common to preeclamptic placentas and Cd-treated trophoblasts. These miRNAs have previously been linked to PE and are predicted to regulate members of the TGF-β pathway. Results from this study provide future targets for PE treatment.
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