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Cai Y, Qi X, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Su H. Lipid profile alterations and biomarker identification in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients under glycemic control. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 39135021 PMCID: PMC11318335 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is well-known to trigger a disruption of lipid metabolism. This study aimed to compare lipid profile changes in T1DM patients after achieving glucose control and explore the underlying mechanisms. In addition, we seek to identify novel lipid biomarkers associated with T1DM under conditions of glycemic control. METHODS A total of 27 adults with T1DM (age: 34.3 ± 11.2 yrs) who had maintained glucose control for over a year, and 24 healthy controls (age: 35.1 + 5.56 yrs) were recruited. Clinical characteristics of all participants were analyzed and plasma samples were collected for untargeted lipidomic analysis using mass spectrometry. RESULTS We identified 594 lipid species from 13 major classes. Differential analysis of plasma lipid profiles revealed a general decline in lipid levels in T1DM patients with controlled glycemic levels, including a notable decrease in triglycerides (TAGs) and diglycerides (DAGs). Moreover, these T1DM patients exhibited lower levels of six phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and three phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs). Random forest analysis determined DAG(14:0/20:0) and PC(18:0/20:3) to be the most prominent plasma markers of T1DM under glycemic control (AUC = 0.966). CONCLUSIONS The levels of all metabolites from the 13 lipid classes were changed in T1DM patients under glycemic control, with TAGs, DAGs, PCs, PEs, and FFAs demonstrating the most significant decrease. This research identified DAG(14:0/20:0) and PC(18:0/20:3) as effective plasma biomarkers in T1DM patients with controled glycemic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunying Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiaojie Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yongqin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Heng Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 157, Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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Breuker C, Macioce V, Lasse A, Zogheib ML, Cavallin L, Herman F, Picot MC, Gourdy P, Sallerin B, Sultan A. Attainment of LDL-cholesterol target in high cardiovascular risk type 1 diabetic French people. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2024:101568. [PMID: 39098658 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS - As people with type 1 diabetes have increased risk of cardiovascular morbi-mortality, management of cardiovascular risk factors is of crucial importance. We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) target achievement in patients with type 1 diabetes at high and very-high cardiovascular risk. METHODS - In this observational multicenter study, we included hospitalized patients with type 1 diabetes who had a fasting blood lipid analysis at admission. Cardiovascular risk level and LDL-c target values were defined according to ESC/EAS guidelines into force at admission: LDL-c target for very-high risk (VHR) and high risk (HR) patients was 1.4 and 1.8 mmol/l respectively for patients included from September 2019 (2019 guidelines) and 1.8 and 2.6 mmol/l respectively for patients included in 2016-2019 (2016 guidelines). LDL-c target attainment was assessed in HR and VHR patients, and factors associated with attainment were identified with multivariable analysis. RESULTS - We included 85 HR patients (median age 37y [interquartile range: 27;45], 64% females) and 356 VHR patients (49 [35;61] years, 42% females). In HR patients, 7% were treated with statins, and 35.3% achieved the LDL-c target. Increasing age (odds ratio 0.58 [95% confidence interval: 0.38;0.89]), body mass index (0.86 [0.75;0.98]), and HbA1c (0.69 [0.50;0.94]) were independently associated with lower odds of attaining LDL-c target. In VHR patients, 36% were treated with statins, and 17.4% achieved LDL-c target. Statin treatment (2.33 [1.22;4.43]), secondary prevention (2.33 [1.21;4.48]) and chronic renal failure (2.82 [1.42;5.61]) were associated with higher odds of attaining LDL-c target. CONCLUSION - Control of LDL-c is highly insufficient in both HR and VHR patients. Cardiovascular risk evaluation and better control of risk factors may help decrease cardiovascular morbi-mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes. REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03449784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Breuker
- Clinical pharmacy department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Macioce
- Clinical research and epidemiology unit, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Lasse
- Clinical pharmacy department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Lou Zogheib
- Clinical pharmacy department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Leslie Cavallin
- Clinical pharmacy department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Fanchon Herman
- Clinical research and epidemiology unit, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1411, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, UMR1297 INSERM/UPS, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France; Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Brigitte Sallerin
- Clinical pharmacy department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Ariane Sultan
- Nutrition and diabetes department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Nattero-Chávez L, Insenser M, Amigó N, Samino S, Martínez-Micaelo N, Dorado Avendaño B, Quintero Tobar A, Escobar-Morreale HF, Luque-Ramírez M. Quantification of lipoproteins by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H-NMRS) improves the prediction of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:2075-2085. [PMID: 38182920 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To assess if advanced characterization of serum glycoprotein and lipoprotein profile, measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMRS) improves a predictive clinical model of cardioautonomic neuropathy (CAN) in subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS Cross-sectional study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04950634). CAN was diagnosed using Ewing's score. Advanced characterization of macromolecular complexes including glycoprotein and lipoprotein profiles in serum samples were measured by 1H-NMRS. We addressed the relationships between these biomarkers and CAN using correlation and regression analyses. Diagnostic performance was assessed by analyzing their areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCROC). RESULTS Three hundred and twenty-three patients were included (46% female, mean age and duration of diabetes of 41 ± 13 years and 19 ± 11 years, respectively). The overall prevalence of CAN was 28% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 23; 33]. Glycoproteins such as N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine and sialic acid showed strong correlations with inflammatory markers such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α. On the contrary, we did not find any association between the former and CAN. A stepwise binary logistic regression model (R2 = 0.078; P = 0.003) retained intermediate-density lipoprotein-triglycerides (IDL-TG) [β:0.082 (95%CI: 0.005; 0.160); P = 0.039], high-density lipoprotein-triglycerides (HDL-TGL)/HDL-Cholesterol [β:3.633 (95%CI: 0.873; 6.394); P = 0.010], and large-HDL particle number [β: 3.710 (95%CI: 0.677; 6.744); P = 0.001] as statistically significant determinants of CAN. Adding these lipoprotein particles to a clinical prediction model of CAN that included age, duration of diabetes, and A1c enhanced its diagnostic performance, improving AUCROC from 0.546 (95%CI: 0.404; 0.688) to 0.728 (95%CI: 0.616; 0.840). CONCLUSIONS When added to clinical variables, 1H-NMRS-lipoprotein particle profiles may be helpful to identify those patients with T1D at risk of CAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nattero-Chávez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - N Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - S Samino
- Biosfer Teslab, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - B Dorado Avendaño
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Quintero Tobar
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - H F Escobar-Morreale
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Luque-Ramírez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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Chait A, Eckel RH, Vrablik M, Zambon A. Lipid-lowering in diabetes: An update. Atherosclerosis 2024; 394:117313. [PMID: 37945448 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is accelerated in people with diabetes. Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation play a role via a variety of mechanisms operative in the artery wall. In addition, some unique features predispose people with type 1 diabetes to accelerated atherosclerosis. Various organizations have created guidelines that provide advice regarding screening, risk assessment, and roadmaps for treatment to prevent ASCVD in diabetes. Management of dyslipidemia, especially with statins, has proven to be of immense benefit in the prevention of clinical CVD. However, since many patients fail to attain the low levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) recommended in these guidelines, supplemental therapy, such as the addition of ezetimibe, bempedoic acid or PCSK9 inhibitors, is often required to reach LDL goals. As a result, the upfront use of combination therapies, particularly a statin plus ezetimibe, is a rational initial approach. The addition to statins of drugs that specifically lower triglyceride levels has not proven beneficial, although the addition of icosapent-ethyl has been shown to be of value, likely by mechanisms independent of triglyceride lowering. Newer treatments in development, including apoC-III and ANGPTL3 inhibitors, seem promising in further reducing apoB-containing lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chait
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Eckel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Michal Vrablik
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alberto Zambon
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, and IRCCS Multimedica Milan, Italy.
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Vergès B. Cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes, an underestimated danger: Epidemiological and pathophysiological data. Atherosclerosis 2024; 394:117158. [PMID: 37369617 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CV) is a common complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a leading cause of death. T1D patients are more likely to develop CV disease (CVD) early in life and show a reduction of life expectancy of at least 11 years. Patients with a young age of T1D onset have a substantially higher CV risk. The reasons for increased atherosclerosis in T1D patients are not entirely explained. In addition to the typical CV risk factors, long-term hyperglycemia has a significant impact by inducing oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, monocyte adhesion, arterial wall thickening and endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, CVD in T1D is also associated with nephropathy. However, CVD risk is still significantly increased in T1D patients, in good glycemic control without additional CV risk factors, indicating the involvement of supplementary potential factors. By increasing oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, hypoglycemia and glucose variability may exacerbate CVD. Moreover, significant qualitative and functional abnormalities of lipoproteins are present in even well-controlled T1D patients and are likely to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and the promotion of CVD. According to recent research, immune system dysfunction, which is typical of auto-immune T1D, may also promote CVD, likely via inflammatory pathways. In addition, T1D patients who are overweight or obese exhibit an additional CV risk due to pathophysiological mechanisms that are similar to those seen in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Vergès
- Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, University-Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France; INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Medicine University, 21000 Dijon, France; Service Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU-Dijon, 14 rue Gaffarel, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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Lui DTW, Tan KCB. High-density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:805-816. [PMID: 38416054 PMCID: PMC11215696 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is considered a major cardiovascular risk factor. However, recent studies have suggested a more U-shaped association between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that the cardioprotective effect of HDL is related to the functions of HDL particles rather than their cholesterol content. HDL particles are highly heterogeneous and have multiple functions relevant to cardiometabolic conditions including cholesterol efflux capacity, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vasoactive properties. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in HDL as well as functional abnormalities in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Non-enzymatic glycation, carbamylation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation can modify the HDL composition and therefore the functions, especially in situations of poor glycemic control. Studies of HDL proteomics and lipidomics have provided further insights into the structure-function relationship of HDL in diabetes. Interestingly, HDL also has a pleiotropic anti-diabetic effect, improving glycemic control through improvement in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Given the important role of HDL in cardiometabolic health, HDL-based therapeutics are being developed to enhance HDL functions rather than to increase HDL-C levels. Among these, recombinant HDL and small synthetic apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides may hold promise for preventing and treating diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Kathryn Choon Beng Tan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Mohammedsaeed W, Binjawhar DN. Microalbuminuria and lipid variations in adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32824. [PMID: 38994071 PMCID: PMC11237944 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigates the prevalence of lipid abnormalities among adolescents diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and explores potential associations with microalbuminuria and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.Research Design and Methods: A retrospective study analyzed lipid profiles, microalbuminuria, and CVD risk in adolescents with T1DM. Six hundred individuals were assessed for lipid levels, BMI, and microalbuminuria. Results Dyslipidemia prevalence was 59.7 %, with 22.7 % exhibiting abnormal total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG), and 15.8 % with elevated TC alone. A2 microalbuminuria was found in 59.2 %, with 14.6 % showing A3. Females had higher A2 prevalence and mild eGFR decrease (P = 0.02). Lipid levels correlated significantly with microalbuminuria (TC: r = 0.761; TG: r = 0.572, P = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). The prevalence of high total cholesterol (TC) + high triglycerides (TG), as well as the high TG alone, was considerably higher in patients belonging to the A2 Microalbuminuria group. AIP, HbA1c, and UACR showed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.542, P = 0.04; r = 0.621, P = 0.02). Conclusion Our study highlights the prevalence of elevated or borderline lipid levels among adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), indicating a heightened risk of dyslipidemia in this population. Particularly concerning is the significantly increased incidence of dyslipidemia among young individuals with T1DM, with females exhibiting a notable susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to dyslipidemia's impact on the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP). Furthermore, Microalbuminuria, specifically type A2 and A3, was prevalent among our study participants, with females showing a significantly higher occurrence of A2 microalbuminuria compared to males. The association between microalbuminuria and dyslipidemia, especially the combination of high total cholesterol (TC) and high triglycerides (TG), emphasizes the importance of comprehensive screening protocols for both microalbuminuria and dyslipidemia in managing the cardiovascular risk profile of individuals with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Mohammedsaeed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Nasser Binjawhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammedsaeed W, Binjawhar D. Dyslipidemia and ANGPTL8 evaluation in young females with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03909-x. [PMID: 38836992 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE ANGPTL8, commonly referred to as betatrophin, has demonstrated promise as a dependable marker for the onset of complications associated with diabetes mellitus, such as dyslipidemia. The objective of this study is to evaluate the lipid profile and ANGPTL8 levels in people diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). METHODS A retrospective case-control study was performed on a group of 100 adolescent females, aged 13-17 years. This group consisted of individuals diagnosed with T1DM from the Diabetes and Endocrine Department at Medina's King Fahad Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, 100 healthy adolescent females of the same age range were included as controls. The hospital conducted laboratory studies to evaluate glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and lipid profiles. The ANGPTL8 levels were quantified using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS Patients with T1DM had ANGPTL8 levels that were twice as high as those observed in individuals without any health conditions. The two groups had contrasting levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptides, triacylglycerol (TG), and cholesterol, along with elevated Atherogenic Index of Plasma readings. Diabetes mellitus patients had considerably elevated values compared to the control group. There was a significant correlation between ANGPTL8 concentrations and lipid abnormalities, with P-values less than 0.05. 56% of the 100 patients exhibited dyslipidemia. The research found a correlation between dyslipidemia and elevated levels of ANGPTL8 in diabetic patients. The concentration of ANGPTL8 had a positive correlation with glucose, HbA1c, TG, and C-peptides while displaying a negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). CONCLUSION ANGPTL8 levels were found to be elevated in Saudi young women who were diagnosed with TIDM. ANGPTL8 may potentially contribute to dyslipidemia in individuals with T1DM, hence increasing the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, ANGPTL8 has the potential to impact lipid metabolism, namely Triglycerides, as a biological route. The results highlight the need to analyze lipid profiles and do ANGPTL8 testing in young females diagnosed with T1DM at an early stage to prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Mohammedsaeed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dalal Binjawhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pesantez M, Ebekozien O, Vendrame F. Type 1 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Health. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2024; 53:151-163. [PMID: 38272593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD occurs much earlier in people with T1D than in the general population, and several risk factors have been identified some of which are modifiable. Risk prediction models and imaging tests to detect early signs of CVD have not been extensively validated. Strategies to promote cardiovascular health (CVH) in T1D include identifying risk factors, early treatment to achieve CVH targets, and improving the education of health care providers and people with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pesantez
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1450 Northwest 10 Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Osagie Ebekozien
- T1D Exchange, 101 Federal Street Suite 440, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - Francesco Vendrame
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1450 Northwest 10 Avenue, Room 1086, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Chen J, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Deng K, Hou Q, Li L, Gao Y. Trajectories network analysis of chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:559. [PMID: 38389048 PMCID: PMC10882875 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increased risk of chronic diseases and comorbidity among middle-aged and older adults in China, it is pivotal to identify the disease trajectory of developing chronic multimorbidity and address the temporal correlation among chronic diseases. METHOD The data of 15895 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2011 - 2018) were analyzed in the current study. Binomial tests and the conditional logistic regression model were conducted to estimate the associations among 14 chronic diseases, and the disease trajectory network analysis was adopted to visualize the relationships. RESULTS The analysis showed that hypertension is the most prevalent disease among the 14 chronic conditions, with the highest cumulative incidence among all chronic diseases. In the disease trajectory network, arthritis was found to be the starting point, and digestive diseases, hypertension, heart diseases, and dyslipidemia were at the center, while memory-related disease (MRD), stroke, and diabetes were at the periphery of the network. CONCLUSIONS With the chronic disease trajectory network analysis, we found that arthritis was prone to the occurrence and development of various other diseases. In addition, patients of heart diseases/hypertension/digestive disease/dyslipidemia were under higher risk of developing other chronic conditions. For patients with multimorbidity, early prevention can preclude them from developing into poorer conditions, such as stroke, MRD, and diabetes. By identifying the trajectory network of chronic disease, the results provided critical insights for developing early prevention and individualized support services to reduce disease burden and improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiade Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaisheng Deng
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingqin Hou
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixia Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Serés-Noriega T, Perea V, Amor AJ. Screening for Subclinical Atherosclerosis and the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38398409 PMCID: PMC10889212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, which remains the leading cause of death in this population. Despite the improved control of several classic risk factors, particularly better glycaemic control, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality continue to be significantly higher than in the general population. In routine clinical practice, estimating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people with T1D using scales or equations is often imprecise because much of the evidence comes from pooled samples of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T1D or from extrapolations of studies performed on people with T2D. Given that T1D onsets at a young age, prolonged exposure to the disease and its consequences (e.g., hyperglycaemia, changes in lipid metabolism or inflammation) have a detrimental impact on cardiovascular health. Therefore, it is critical to have tools that allow for the early identification of those individuals with a higher CVR and thus be able to make the most appropriate management decisions in each case. In this sense, atherosclerosis is the prelude to most cardiovascular events. People with diabetes present pathophysiological alterations that facilitate atherosclerosis development and that may imply a greater vulnerability of atheromatous plaques. Screening for subclinical atherosclerosis using various techniques, mainly imaging, has proven valuable in predicting cardiovascular events. Its use enables the reclassification of CVR and, therefore, an individualised adjustment of therapeutic management. However, the available evidence in people with T1D is scarce. This narrative review provides and updated overview of the main non-invasive tests for detecting atherosclerosis plaques and their association with CVD in people with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Amor
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Zhao T, Tian Y, Zhao J, Sun D, Ma Y, Wang W, Yan W, Jiao P, Ma J. Loss of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphate-5 aggravates islet dysfunction in mice with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23437. [PMID: 38305849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301479r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Impaired functionality and loss of islet β-cells are the primary abnormalities underlying the pathogenesis of both type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM). However, specific therapeutic and preventive mechanisms underlying these conditions remain unclear. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-5 (MKP-5) has been implicated in carcinogenesis, lipid metabolism regulation, and immune cell activation. In a previous study, we demonstrated the involvement of exogenous MKP-5 in the regulation of obesity-induced T2DM. However, the role of endogenous MKP-5 in the T1DM and T2DM processes is unclear. Thus, mice with MKP-5 knockout (KO) were generated and used to establish mouse models of both T1DM and T2DM. Our results showed that MKP-5 KO exacerbated diabetes-related symptoms in mice with both T1DM and T2DM. Given that most phenotypic studies on islet dysfunction have focused on mice with T2DM rather than T1DM, we specifically aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. To accomplish this, we performed RNA sequence analysis to gain comprehensive insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with ERS and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. The results showed that the islets from mice with MKP-5 KO triggered 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated autophagy inhibition and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78)-dominated ERS. Hence, we concluded that the autophagy impairment, resulting in islet dysfunction in mice with MKP-5 KO, is mediated through GRP-78 involvement. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular pathogenesis of diabetes and highlight the significant role of MKP-5. Moreover, this knowledge holds promise for novel therapeutic strategies targeting MKP-5 for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yafei Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongjun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weiqun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Catamo E, Tornese G, Dovc K, Tinti D, Di Tonno R, Cauvin V, Barbi E, Franceschi R, Bonfanti R, Rabbone I, Battelino T, Robino A. Food Behaviour and Metabolic Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationship to Glycaemic Control. Foods 2024; 13:578. [PMID: 38397555 PMCID: PMC10888051 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is an essential element of treating and managing type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, limited research has examined food behaviour in children and adolescents with T1D and their relationship to glycaemic control. This study evaluated food behaviour, metabolic characteristics and their impact on the glycaemic control of children and adolescents with T1D. Two hundred and fifty-eight participants with T1D (6-15 years, duration of diabetes >1 year) were recruited. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected. Questionnaires on food neophobia and food preferences were administered. The Child Food Questionnaire (CFQ) also assessed parental feeding practices. An analysis of food behaviour showed that food neophobia was inversely associated with the liking of vegetables, fruits, fish, sweets and carbohydrates. Moreover, by analysing parental feeding practices, an inverse association of "Pressure to eat", "Monitoring" and "Restriction" with liking for vegetables and carbohydrates emerged. Considering glycaemic control, increased food neophobia and the parent practices "Restriction", "Pressure to eat" and "Concern about weight" were found in participants with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values >8.5%. Finally, higher body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol values were observed in subjects with HbA1c values >8.5%. These findings contribute to a better understanding of eating behaviour, metabolic status and their complex relationship with glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.C.); (G.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Gianluca Tornese
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.C.); (G.T.); (E.B.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Klemen Dovc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.D.); (T.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Davide Tinti
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Di Tonno
- Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (R.D.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Vittoria Cauvin
- Division of Pediatrics, S. Chiara General Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy; (V.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Egidio Barbi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.C.); (G.T.); (E.B.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Division of Pediatrics, S. Chiara General Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy; (V.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milano, Italy; (R.D.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.D.); (T.B.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.C.); (G.T.); (E.B.)
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Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz A, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Świętoń D, Kujawa MJ, Jankowska A, Durawa A, Glasner P, Trzonkowski P, Glasner L, Szurowska E, Myśliwiec M. The Complex Network of Cytokines and Chemokines in Pediatric Patients with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1565. [PMID: 38338843 PMCID: PMC10855710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a progressive disorder leading to the development of microangiopathies and macroangiopathies. Numerous cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of T1D complications. The study aimed to assess the presence of complications in patients with long-standing T1D and its relationship with serum biomarker concentrations. We examined 52 T1D subjects, with a disease duration ≥4 years and 39 healthy controls. The group of T1D patients was further divided into subgroups based on the duration of the disease (<7 years and ≥7 years) and the metabolic control assessed by the HbAlc level (<8% and ≥8%). We used Luminex Technology to assess a wide range of biomarker concentrations. A 24 h urine test was done to evaluate the rate of albuminuria. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was conducted to detect early retinopathic changes. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). T1D patients showed remarkably higher concentrations of EGF, eotaxin/CCL11, MDC/CCL22, sCD40L, TGF-α, and TNF-α. Moreover, we reported statistically significant correlations between cytokines and IMT. Biomarker concentrations depend on numerous factors such as disease duration, metabolic control, and the presence of complications. Although the majority of pediatric T1D patients do not present signs of overt complications, it is indispensable to conduct the screening for angiopathies already in childhood, as its early recognition may attenuate the further progression of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Dorota Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.I.-G.); (P.T.)
| | - Dominik Świętoń
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Mariusz J. Kujawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Jankowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Agata Durawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Paulina Glasner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.G.); (L.G.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.I.-G.); (P.T.)
| | - Leopold Glasner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Ś.); (A.J.); (A.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
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Meda Venkata SP, Li H, Xu L, Wang JM. The Impact of Obesity on Diabetes Onset and Neovascularization in Mouse Models of Metabolic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1214. [PMID: 38279212 PMCID: PMC10816627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models of metabolic disorders are essential to studying pathogenic mechanisms and developing therapies for diabetes, but the induction protocols vary, and sexual dimorphism often exists. In a chronic diabetic model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia, blood glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The high-fat (HF) diet damaged insulin sensitivity and increased triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and liver lipid deposition. STZ increased blood glucose and liver fibrosis with less effects on blood lipids or liver lipid deposition. The combination of DIO and STZ treatments led to significant liver lipid deposition and fibrosis. Female mice showed delayed body weight gain on HF diet and resisted STZ-induced hyperglycemia. However, once they developed DIO, which occurs around 26 weeks of HF diet, the female mice were prone to STZ-induced hyperglycemia. In hindlimb ischemia, male mice in the DIO-STZ group showed significantly worse neovascularization compared with DIO or STZ groups. The DIO-STZ females showed significantly worse recovery than the DIO-STZ males. Our observations suggest that DIO-STZ is a plausible model for studying metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in obesity and diabetes. Moreover, the findings in female animals stress the need to assess sexual dimorphism and investigate the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the worse vasculopathy manifestations in females in metabolic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Pranathi Meda Venkata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, 3122 Applebaum Building, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.P.M.V.); (L.X.)
| | - Hainan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, 3122 Applebaum Building, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.P.M.V.); (L.X.)
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, 3122 Applebaum Building, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.P.M.V.); (L.X.)
| | - Jie-Mei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, 3122 Applebaum Building, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.P.M.V.); (L.X.)
- Centers for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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16
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Peedikayil J, Reddy S, Nair R, Gunasekaran U, Nelson C, Shakoor M, Ahmad Z. Social and Metabolic Characteristics Associated With Multiple DKA Admissions at a Large County Hospital. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvad173. [PMID: 38249432 PMCID: PMC10799295 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a preventable, deadly, and costly complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Some individuals with T1DM have recurrent DKA admissions. Objective We sought to characterize social factors that differ between patients with single vs multiple DKA admissions at an urban, safety-net hospital. Methods We queried the electronic health records for T1DM patients admitted for DKA from 2019 to 2021. Admission laboratory values, demographic information, and detailed social histories were collected and analyzed statistically, including logistical regression. Results A total of 243 patients were admitted for DKA, 64 of whom had multiple DKA admissions. There was no significant difference between the groups in their admission laboratory values, hospital length of stay, health-care payer status, history of homelessness, current employment, living alone, independence of activities of daily living, and barriers to discharge. T1DM patients with multiple DKA admissions had greater rates of substance use disorder (33.0% vs 60.9%; P < .001), especially with cannabis (6.7% vs 25.0%; P < .001), tobacco (26.3% vs 46.3%; P = .002), and psychoactive substance use (1.1% vs 6.3%; P = .043). Regression models of substance use showed increased risk with any substance use (odds ratio [CI] 3.17 [1.78-5.73]; P < .001) and cannabis (3.70 [1.55-8.83]; P = .003). Conclusion We identified substance use as a possible predictor of T1DM patients at risk for multiple DKA admissions. Our findings identify a group of T1DM patients for whom interventions may help to decrease recurrence of DKA episodes within similar community hospital populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shrenika Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mercy Clinic, Festus, MO 63028, USA
| | - Rohit Nair
- UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Uma Gunasekaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Carolyn Nelson
- St. Joseph's/Candler Physician Network–Endocrinology, Savannah, GA 31405, USA
| | - Musa Shakoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, VA North Texas, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Zahid Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Nyström T, Schwarz E, Dahlqvist S, Wijkman M, Ekelund M, Holmer H, Bolinder J, Hellman J, Imberg H, Hirsch IB, Lind M. Evaluation of Effects of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Physical Activity Habits and Blood Lipid Levels in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes Managed With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: An Analysis Based on the GOLD Randomized Trial (GOLD 8). J Diabetes Sci Technol 2024; 18:89-98. [PMID: 35677967 PMCID: PMC10899843 DOI: 10.1177/19322968221101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with type 1 diabetes generally view it easier to exercise when having continuous information of the glucose levels. We evaluated whether patients with type 1 diabetes managed with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) exercised more after initiating continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and whether the improved glycemic control and well-being associated with CGM translates into improved blood lipids and markers of inflammation. METHOD The GOLD trial was a randomized cross-over trial over 16 months where patients used either CGM or capillary self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) over six months, with a four-month wash-out period between the two treatment periods. We compared grade of physical activity, blood lipids, apolipoproteins, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels during CGM and SMBG. RESULTS There were 116 patients with information of physical activity estimated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) during both CGM and SMBG. No changes were found during CGM or SMBG, IPAQ scores 3305 versus 3878 (P = .16). In 136 participants with information of blood lipid levels with no change in lipid-lowering medication during the two treatment periods, HbA1c differed by 4.2 mmol/mol (NGSP 0.39%) between SMBG and CGM treatment (P < .001). No significant changes existed in low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B1, or hsCRP, during CGM and SMBG. CONCLUSION Although many patients experience it easier to perform physical activity when monitoring glucose levels with CGM, it does not influence the amount of physical activity in persons with type 1 diabetes. Blood lipids, apolipoprotein, and hsCRP levels were similar during CGM and SMBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nyström
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sofia Dahlqvist
- Department of Medicine, NU-Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Wijkman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekelund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helen Holmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centralsjukhuset, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Jan Bolinder
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jarl Hellman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Imberg
- Statistiska Konsultgruppen, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Irl B. Hirsch
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcus Lind
- Department of Medicine, NU-Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Salsa-Castelo M, Neves C, Neves JS, Carvalho D. Association of glycemic variability and time in range with lipid profile in type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 2024; 83:69-76. [PMID: 38051418 PMCID: PMC10805887 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperglycemia is associated with abnormalities of lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to analyze, in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), the association of glycemic control with lipid profile, focusing on glycemic variability and time in range obtained from Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM). METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort in patients with T1D. We analyzed clinical parameters, HbA1c, CGM and lipid profile in two moments 6 to 18 months apart. We evaluated the association of HbA1c and CGM metrics with lipid profile in cross-sectional (n = 242) and longitudinal (n = 90) analyses. RESULTS The mean age of the study population was 36.6 ± 12.6 years, 51.7% were male, and the mean diabetes duration was 16.8 ± 10.3 years. In the cross-sectional analysis, higher HbA1c, higher glucose management indicator (GMI), higher time above range and lower time in range were associated with higher triglyceride levels. In the longitudinal analysis, an increase in time below range was associated with a decrease of HDL cholesterol. In both analyses, an increase in the coefficient of variability (CV) was associated with a significant decrease of HDL cholesterol. HbA1c and CGM were not associated with total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS We observed a negative association between CV and HDL cholesterol levels and a positive association between hyperglycemia metrics and triglyceride levels. These findings suggest that CGM parameters may be a helpful tool to guide the improvement of both glycemic control and lipid profile in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celestino Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Departament of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Investigation Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Sérgio Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação da Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Departament of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Investigation Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Corpeleijn WE, de Waal WJ, Schipper HS, Wiegman A. Dyslipidaemia as a target for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention in children with type 1 diabetes: lessons learned from familial hypercholesterolaemia. Diabetologia 2024; 67:19-26. [PMID: 38032368 PMCID: PMC10709243 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk has decreased dramatically among individuals affected by familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) as a result of the early initiation of statin treatment in childhood. Contemporaneously important improvements in care for people with diabetes have also been made, such as the prevention of mortality from acute diabetic complications. However, individuals with type 1 diabetes still have a two to eight times higher risk of death than the general population. In the last 20 years, a few landmark studies on excess mortality in people with type 1 diabetes, in particular young adults, have been published. Although these studies were carried out in different populations, all reached the same conclusion: individuals with type 1 diabetes have a pronounced increased risk of ASCVD. In this review, we address the role of lipid abnormalities in the development of ASCVD in type 1 diabetes and FH. Although type 1 diabetes and FH are different diseases, lessons could be learned from the early initiation of statins in children with FH, which may provide a rationale for more stringent control of dyslipidaemia in children with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn E Corpeleijn
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter J de Waal
- Diabetes Centraal, Children's Diabetic Centre, St Antonius Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henk S Schipper
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Wiegman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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James S, Donaghue KC, Perry L, Lowe J, Colman PG, Craig ME. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: Data from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network registry. Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15184. [PMID: 37467116 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) screening frequency and levels, and factors associated with elevated LDL-C, in Australasian youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS Data were extracted from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN), a prospective clinical quality registry, on all T1D healthcare visits attended by young people aged 16-25 years (with T1D duration of >1 year) between January 2011 and December 2020. The primary outcomes were elevated LDL-C > 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and threshold for treatment: >3.4 mmol/L (130 mg/dL), according to consensus guidelines. Multivariable Generalised Estimated Equations (GEE) were used to examine factors associated with elevated LDL-C across all visits. RESULTS A cohort of 6338 young people (52.6% men) were identified, of whom 1603 (25.3%) had ≥1 LDL-C measurement documented. At last measurement, mean age, age at T1D diagnosis and T1D duration were 18.3 ± 2.4, 8.8 ± 4.5 and 8.9 ± 4.8 years, respectively. LDL-C was elevated in 737 (46.0%) and at the treatment threshold in 250 (15.6%). In multivariable GEE elevated LDL-C continuously was associated with older age (OR = 0.07; 0.01-0.13, p = 0.02), female sex (OR = 0.31; 0.18-0.43; p < 0.001), higher HbA1c (OR = 0.04; 0.01-0.08; p = 0.01) and having an elevated BMI (OR = 0.17, 0.06-0.39, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LDL-C screening and levels are suboptimal in this cohort, increasing future cardiovascular complication risk. There is an urgent need to understand how healthcare services can support improved screening and management of dyslipidaemia in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S James
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - K C Donaghue
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L Perry
- University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Lowe
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P G Colman
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M E Craig
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Moulder R, Välikangas T, Hirvonen MK, Suomi T, Brorsson CA, Lietzén N, Bruggraber SFA, Overbergh L, Dunger DB, Peakman M, Chmura PJ, Brunak S, Schulte AM, Mathieu C, Knip M, Elo LL, Lahesmaa R. Targeted serum proteomics of longitudinal samples from newly diagnosed youth with type 1 diabetes distinguishes markers of disease and C-peptide trajectory. Diabetologia 2023; 66:1983-1996. [PMID: 37537394 PMCID: PMC10542287 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There is a growing need for markers that could help indicate the decline in beta cell function and recognise the need and efficacy of intervention in type 1 diabetes. Measurements of suitably selected serum markers could potentially provide a non-invasive and easily applicable solution to this challenge. Accordingly, we evaluated a broad panel of proteins previously associated with type 1 diabetes in serum from newly diagnosed individuals during the first year from diagnosis. To uncover associations with beta cell function, comparisons were made between these targeted proteomics measurements and changes in fasting C-peptide levels. To further distinguish proteins linked with the disease status, comparisons were made with measurements of the protein targets in age- and sex-matched autoantibody-negative unaffected family members (UFMs). METHODS Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry analyses of serum, targeting 85 type 1 diabetes-associated proteins, were made. Sera from individuals diagnosed under 18 years (n=86) were drawn within 6 weeks of diagnosis and at 3, 6 and 12 months afterwards (288 samples in total). The SRM data were compared with fasting C-peptide/glucose data, which was interpreted as a measure of beta cell function. The protein data were further compared with cross-sectional SRM measurements from UFMs (n=194). RESULTS Eleven proteins had statistically significant associations with fasting C-peptide/glucose. Of these, apolipoprotein L1 and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) displayed the strongest positive and inverse associations, respectively. Changes in GPX3 levels during the first year after diagnosis indicated future fasting C-peptide/glucose levels. In addition, differences in the levels of 13 proteins were observed between the individuals with type 1 diabetes and the matched UFMs. These included GPX3, transthyretin, prothrombin, apolipoprotein C1 and members of the IGF family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The association of several targeted proteins with fasting C-peptide/glucose levels in the first year after diagnosis suggests their connection with the underlying changes accompanying alterations in beta cell function in type 1 diabetes. Moreover, the direction of change in GPX3 during the first year was indicative of subsequent fasting C-peptide/glucose levels, and supports further investigation of this and other serum protein measurements in future studies of beta cell function in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Moulder
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Välikangas
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M Karoliina Hirvonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tomi Suomi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Caroline A Brorsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niina Lietzén
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Lut Overbergh
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven/Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David B Dunger
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Peakman
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Piotr J Chmura
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Soren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Chantal Mathieu
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven/Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mikael Knip
- Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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22
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Varkevisser RDM, Mul D, Aanstoot HJ, Wolffenbuttel BHR, van der Klauw MM. Differences in lipid and blood pressure measurements between individuals with type 1 diabetes and the general population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073690. [PMID: 37880169 PMCID: PMC10603478 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a precarious complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Alongside glycaemic control, lipid and blood pressure (BP) management are essential for the prevention of CVD. However, age-specific differences in lipid and BP between individuals with T1D and the general population are relatively unknown. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Six diabetes outpatient clinics and individuals from the Lifelines cohort, a multigenerational cohort from the Northern Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 2178 adults with T1D and 146 22 individuals without diabetes from the general population. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), stratified by age group, glycated haemoglobin category, medication use and sex. RESULTS In total, 2178 individuals with T1D and 146 822 without diabetes were included in this study. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were lower and SBP and DBP were higher in individuals with T1D in comparison to the background population. When stratified by age and medication use, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were lower and SBP and DBP were higher in the T1D population. Men with T1D achieved lower LDL-cholesterol levels both with and without medication in older age groups in comparison to women. Women with T1D had up to 8 mm Hg higher SBP compared with the background population, this difference was not present in men. CONCLUSIONS Lipid and BP measurements are not comparable between individuals with T1D and the general population and are particularly unfavourable for BP in the T1D group. There are potential sex differences in the management of LDL-cholesterol and BP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dick Mul
- Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Diabeter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Aanstoot
- Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Diabeter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie M van der Klauw
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Jiménez-Osorio AS, Carreón-Torres E, Correa-Solís E, Ángel-García J, Arias-Rico J, Jiménez-Garza O, Morales-Castillejos L, Díaz-Zuleta HA, Baltazar-Tellez RM, Sánchez-Padilla ML, Flores-Chávez OR, Estrada-Luna D. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Obesity, Gestational Diabetes, and Preeclampsia in Pregnancy: Role of High-Density Lipoproteins as Vectors for Bioactive Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1894. [PMID: 37891973 PMCID: PMC10604737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are essential components in a myriad of pathogenic entities that lead to metabolic and chronic diseases. Moreover, inflammation in its different phases is necessary for the initiation and maintenance of a healthy pregnancy. Therefore, an equilibrium between a necessary/pathologic level of inflammation and oxidative stress during pregnancy is needed to avoid disease development. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are important for a healthy pregnancy and a good neonatal outcome. Their role in fetal development during challenging situations is vital for maintaining the equilibrium. However, in certain conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases, it has been observed that HDL loses its protective properties, becoming dysfunctional. Bioactive compounds have been widely studied as mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress in different diseases, but their mechanisms of action are still unknown. Nonetheless, these agents, which are obtained from functional foods, increase the concentration of HDL, TRC, and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this review first summarizes several mechanisms of HDL participation in the equilibrium between inflammation and oxidative stress. Second, it gives an insight into how HDL may act as a vector for bioactive compounds. Third, it describes the relationships between the inflammation process in pregnancy and HDL activity. Consequently, different databases were used, including MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus, where scientific articles published in the English language up to 2023 were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Saraí Jiménez-Osorio
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Elizabeth Carreón-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Emmanuel Correa-Solís
- Instituto de Farmacobiología, Universidad de la Cañada, Carretera Teotitlán-San Antonio Nanahuatipán Km 1.7 s/n., Paraje Titlacuatitla, Teotitlán de Flores Magón 68540, Oaxaca, Mexico;
| | - Julieta Ángel-García
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - José Arias-Rico
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Octavio Jiménez-Garza
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Lizbeth Morales-Castillejos
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Hugo Alexander Díaz-Zuleta
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, Cl. 222 #54-21, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Rosa María Baltazar-Tellez
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - María Luisa Sánchez-Padilla
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Olga Rocío Flores-Chávez
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
| | - Diego Estrada-Luna
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hida go, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico; (A.S.J.-O.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.A.-R.); (O.J.-G.); (L.M.-C.); (R.M.B.-T.); (M.L.S.-P.); (O.R.F.-C.)
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24
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Hirvonen MK, Lietzén N, Moulder R, Bhosale SD, Koskenniemi J, Vähä-Mäkilä M, Nurmio M, Orešič M, Ilonen J, Toppari J, Veijola R, Hyöty H, Lähdesmäki H, Knip M, Cheng L, Lahesmaa R. Serum APOC1 levels are decreased in young autoantibody positive children who rapidly progress to type 1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15941. [PMID: 37743383 PMCID: PMC10518308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of the early events in the development of type 1 diabetes is needed to improve prediction and monitoring of the disease progression during the substantially heterogeneous presymptomatic period of the beta cell damaging process. To address this concern, we used mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyse longitudinal pre-onset plasma sample series from children positive for multiple islet autoantibodies who had rapidly progressed to type 1 diabetes before 4 years of age (n = 10) and compared these with similar measurements from matched children who were either positive for a single autoantibody (n = 10) or autoantibody negative (n = 10). Following statistical analysis of the longitudinal data, targeted serum proteomics was used to verify 11 proteins putatively associated with the disease development in a similar yet independent and larger cohort of children who progressed to the disease within 5 years of age (n = 31) and matched autoantibody negative children (n = 31). These data reiterated extensive age-related trends for protein levels in young children. Further, these analyses demonstrated that the serum levels of two peptides unique for apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) were decreased after the appearance of the first islet autoantibody and remained relatively less abundant in children who progressed to type 1 diabetes, in comparison to autoantibody negative children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karoliina Hirvonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina Lietzén
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Robert Moulder
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Santosh D Bhosale
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jaakko Koskenniemi
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mari Vähä-Mäkilä
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirja Nurmio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Pediatric Research Center, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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25
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Serés-Noriega T, Ortega E, Giménez M, Perea V, Boswell L, Mariaca K, Font C, Mesa A, Viñals C, Blanco J, Vinagre I, Pané A, Esmatjes E, Conget I, Amor AJ. Advanced lipoprotein profile identifies atherosclerosis better than conventional lipids in type 1 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1235-1244. [PMID: 37088651 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) present lipoprotein disturbances that could contribute to their increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We evaluated the relationship between lipoprotein alterations and atherosclerosis in patients with T1D. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional study in subjects with T1D, without previous CVD, but high-risk (≥40 years, nephropathy, or ≥10 years of evolution of diabetes with another risk factor). The presence of plaque (intima-media thickness ≥1.5 mm) in the different carotid segments was determined by ultrasound. The advanced lipoprotein profile was analysed by magnetic resonance imaging (1H NMR). We included 189 patients (42% women, 47.8 ± 10.7 years, duration of diabetes 27.3 ± 10.1 years, HbA1c 7.5% [7-8]). Those with carotid plaques (35%) were older, with longer diabetes duration, had a higher prevalence of hypertension, and showed lower and smaller LDL particles (LDL-P) and HDL particles (HDL-P), but higher VLDL particles (VLDL-P). Some LDL, HDL and VLDL-related parameters were associated with atherosclerosis in sex, age and statin use adjusted models (p < 0.05), but after adjusting for multiple confounders, including conventional lipid parameters, only HDL-P (OR 0.440 [0.204-0.951]; p = 0.037), medium HDL-P (OR 0.754 [0.590-0.963]; p = 0.024), HDL-P cholesterol content (OR 0.692 [0.495-0.968]; p = 0.032), 1H NMR LDL-P number/conventional LDL-cholesterol (OR 1.144 [1.026-1.275]; p = 0.015), and 1H NMR non-HDL particle number/conventional non-HDL-cholesterol ratios (OR 1.178 [1.019-1.361], p = 0.026) remained associated with atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS In adults with T1D at high-risk, variables related to HDL, LDL and total atherogenic particle number are independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis. Advanced lipoprotein profiling could be used to identify those at the highest risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición. (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Laura Boswell
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Althaia University Health Network, Manresa, Spain
| | - Karla Mariaca
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Font
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Mesa
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñals
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Pané
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición. (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio J Amor
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
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Denimal D. Carbamylated lipoproteins in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:159-169. [PMID: 37035232 PMCID: PMC10075031 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by quantitative and qualitative abnor-malities in lipoproteins. In addition to glycation and oxidation, carbamylation is also a post-translational modification affecting lipoproteins in diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibit higher levels of carbamylated low-density lipoproteins (cLDL) and high-density lipoproteins (cHDL). Accumulating evidence suggests that cLDL plays a role in atherosclerosis in diabetes. cLDL levels have been shown to predict cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. cLDL facilitates immune cell recruitment in the vascular wall, promotes accumulation of lipids in macrophages, and contributes to endothelial dysf-unction, endothelial nitric oxide-synthase (eNOS) inactivation and endothelial repair defects. Lastly, cLDL induces thrombus formation and platelet aggregation. On the other hand, recent data have demonstrated that cHDL serum level is independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular-related mortality in T2D patients. This relationship may be causative since the atheroprotective properties of HDL are altered after carbamylation. Thus, cHDL loses the ability to remove cholesterol from macrophages, to inhibit monocyte adhesion and recruitment, to induce eNOS activation and to inhibit apoptosis. Taken together, it seems very likely that the abnormalities in the biological functions of LDL and HDL after carbamylation contribute to atherosclerosis and to the elevated cardiovascular risk in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Denimal
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon 21079, France
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon 21078, France
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Julve J, Genua I, Quifer-Rada P, Yanes Ó, Barranco-Altirriba M, Hernández M, Junza A, Capellades J, Granado-Casas M, Alonso N, Castelblanco E, Mauricio D. Circulating metabolomic and lipidomic changes in subjects with new-onset type 1 diabetes after optimization of glycemic control. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 197:110578. [PMID: 36804334 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To uncover novel candidate metabolomic and lipidomic biomarkers in newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1DM) after achieving optimal glucose control. METHODS Comprehensive lipidomic and metabolomic analysis was performed in serum of 12 adults with T1DM at onset and after achieving optimal glycemic control (HbA1c < 7 %) (after 2-6 months). RESULTS After intensive therapy, subjects (mean age 25.2 years, 58.3 % men) showed decreases in blood glucose (p < 0.001), HbA1c [11.5 % (9.2-13.4) to 6.2 % (5.2 - 6.7); p < 0.001] and changes in 51 identified lipids. Among these changes, we found that triglycerides (TG) containing medium chain fatty acids (TG45:0, TG47:1), sphingomyelins (SM) (SM(d18:2/20:0), SM42:4)), and phosphatidylcholines (PC) (PC(O-26:2), PC(O-30:0), PC(O-32:0), PC(O-42:6), PC(O-44:5), PC(O-38:3), PC(O-33:0), PC(O-46:8), PC(O-44:6), PC(O-40:3), PC(O-42:4), PC(O-46:7), PC(O-46:6), PC(O-44:5), PC(O-42:3), PC(O-44:4)) decreased; whereas PC(35:1), PC(37:1) and TG containing longer chain fatty acids (TG(52:1), TG(55:7), TG(51:2), TG(53:3), TG52:2), TG(53:2), TG(57:3), TG(61:3), TG(61:2) increased. Further, dihydro O-acylceramide (18:1/18:0/16:0), diacylglycerophosphoethanolamine (PE(34:1)), diacylglycerophosphoinositol (PI(38:6), and dihydrosphingomyelins (dihydroSM(36:0), dihydroSM(40:0), dihydroSM(41:0), dihydroSM(42:0)) increased. Uric acid, mannitol, and mannitol-1-acetate levels also increased. CONCLUSIONS Our data uncovered potential favorable changes in the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids in new-onset T1DM after achieving optimal glycemic control. Further research on their potential role in developing diabetes-related complications is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Idoia Genua
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paola Quifer-Rada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; LactApp Women's Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar Yanes
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Barranco-Altirriba
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; B2SLab, Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in the Subject Area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alexandra Junza
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering & IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain.
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Serés-Noriega T, Ortega E, Perea V, Giménez M, Boswell L, Mariaca K, Font C, Mesa A, Viñals C, Blanco J, Vinagre I, Pané A, Esmatjes E, Conget I, Amor AJ. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Lipidomics in the Assessment of Cardiometabolic Risk in Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Analysis. Diabetes Ther 2023; 14:553-567. [PMID: 36732434 PMCID: PMC9981843 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-023-01372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, there is a need for daily practice tools for identifying those more prone to suffer from these events. We aimed to assess the relationships between nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based lipidomic analysis and several CVD risk variables (including preclinical carotid atherosclerosis) in individuals with T1D at high risk. METHODS We included patients with T1D without CVD, with at least one of the following: age ≥ 40 years, diabetic kidney disease, or ≥ 10 years of evolution with another risk factor. The presence of plaque (intima-media thickness > 1.5 mm) was determined by standardized ultrasonography protocol. Lipidomic analysis was performed by 1H NMR. Bivariate and multivariate-adjusted differences in 1H NMR lipidomics were evaluated. RESULTS We included n = 131 participants (49.6% female, age 46.4 ± 10.3 years, diabetes duration 27.0 ± 9.5 years, 47.3% on statins). Carotid plaques were present in 28.2% of the individuals (n = 12, with ≥ 3 plaques). Glucose (HbA1c), anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference), and insulin resistance-related (fatty liver index and estimated glucose disposal rate) variables were those most associated with 1H NMR-derived lipidomic analysis (p < 0.01 for all). Regarding preclinical atherosclerosis, sphingomyelin was independently associated with carotid plaque presence (for 0.1 mmol/L increase, OR 0.50 [0.28-0.86]; p = 0.013), even after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, statin use, mean 5-year HbA1c and diabetes duration. Furthermore, linoleic acid and ω-6 fatty acids remained independently associated with higher plaque burden (≥ 3 plaques) in multivariate models (0.17 [0.03-0.93] and 0.27 [0.07-0.97], respectively; p < 0.05 for both). CONCLUSION In our preliminary study of individuals with T1D at high risk, several 1H NMR-derived lipidomic parameters were independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis. Specifically, ω-6 fatty acids and linoleic acid seem promising for identifying those with higher plaque burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Boswell
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Althaia University Health Network, Manresa, Spain
| | - Karla Mariaca
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Font
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Mesa
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñals
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Pané
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Amor
- Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Vargas-Vargas MA, Saavedra-Molina A, Gómez-Barroso M, Peña-Montes D, Cortés-Rojo C, Rodríguez-Orozco AR, Rocío MP. Diazoxide improves muscle function in association with improved dyslipidemia and decreased muscle oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:71-78. [PMID: 36723797 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM/INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic degenerative disease, and its main biochemical characteristic is hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, resistance to peripheral actions of insulin, or both. Hyperglycemia causes dyslipidemia and stimulates oxidative damage, leading to the main symptoms, such as fatigue and culminates in diabetic complications. Previous studies have shown that ATP-sensitive potassium channels counteract muscle fatigue and metabolic stress in healthy mouse models. To determine the effect of diazoxide on muscle strength development during diabetes, we tested the effect of diazoxide in streptozotocin-diabetic rats in muscle function, lipid profile and oxidative stress biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of six animals each: (1) Control group, (2) diabetes group, (3) Control group + diazoxide, and (4) Diabetic + diazoxide (DB + DZX). 4 weeks after rats were sacrificed, soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles (EDL) were extracted to prepare homogenates and serum was obtained for biochemical measurements. Oxidative damage was evaluated by the thiobarbituric acid method and the fluorescent for reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe 2,4-H2DCFDA, respectively. RESULTS Diabetic rats with diazoxide administration showed an increase in the development of muscle strength in both muscles; in turn, the onset of fatigue was longer compared to the group of diabetic rats without treatment. Regarding the lipid profile, diazoxide decreased total cholesterol levels in the group of diabetic rats treated with diazoxide (x̅46.2 mg/dL) compared to the untreated diabetic group (x̅=104.4 mg/dL); secondly, diazoxide decreased triglyceride concentrations (x̅=105.3 mg/dL) compared to the untreated diabetic rats (x̅=412.2 mg/dL) as well as the levels of very low-density lipoproteins (x̅=20.4 mg/dL vs. x̅=82.44 mg/dL). Regarding the various markers of oxidative stress, the diabetic group treated with diazoxide was able to reduce the concentrations of TBARS and total reactive oxygen species as well as preserve the concentrations of reduced glutathione. CONCLUSION Diazoxide administration in diabetic rats increases muscle strength development in EDL and soleus muscle, decreases fatigue, reduces cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and improves oxidative stress parameters such as TBARS, ROS, and glutathione status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Mariana Gómez-Barroso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Donovan Peña-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Alain R Rodríguez-Orozco
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Dr. Rafael Carrillo S/N, Esq. Dr. Salvador González Herrejón Bosque, 58020, 58000, Cuauhtémoc, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Montoya-Pérez Rocío
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
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Cayetano-Alcaraz AA, Tharakan T, Chen R, Sofikitis N, Minhas S. The management of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus unresponsive to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Andrology 2023; 11:257-269. [PMID: 35929992 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction is associated with diabetes mellitus with an estimated prevalence of 52.5% in the diabetic population. The first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction is phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, but data suggest that diabetic men may be less responsive than non-diabetic men. Thus, other treatments, including intracavernosal injections, intraurethral prostaglandin, vacuum erection devices and penile prosthetic surgery, should be considered in management of diabetic men with erectile dysfunction refractory to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Furthermore, combination therapy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and other oral treatments such as arginine or l-carnitine may have synergistic effects resulting in better outcomes. In addition, there are novel therapies such as low-intensity shockwave therapy and stem-cell therapy, which may also be effective in targeted treatment modalities. Furthermore, studies suggest that erectile dysfunction can be improved by targeting concurrent comorbidities or metabolic diseases such as depression, hypertension, hypogonadism, and dyslipidaemia. We present an evidence-based narrative review focusing on the management of erectile dysfunction in diabetic men who have not responded to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Both clinicians and patients should be aware of the different management options in diabetic patients who have not responded to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tharu Tharakan
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - Runzhi Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
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Darenskaya M, Chugunova E, Kolesnikov S, Semenova N, Michalevich I, Nikitina O, Lesnaya A, Kolesnikova L. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) Analysis of Lipids, Proteins, DNA Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidant Defense in Plasma and Erythrocytes of Young Reproductive-Age Men with Early Stages of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) Nephropathy in the Irkutsk Region, Russia. Metabolites 2022; 12:1282. [PMID: 36557320 PMCID: PMC9785540 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. However, many aspects of oxidative stress reactions in the initial stages of this disease are not fully understood. The men cohort is of particular interest because of the severe effects of diabetes on their urogenital system. The aim of this study is to assess the intensity of lipids, proteins, DNA oxidative damage, blood antioxidant defense enzymatic, and activity of non-enzymatic components in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. This study included eighty-nine reproductive-age men in the initial stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and thirty-nine age- and sex-matched individuals not suffering from glycemic disorders. The DN patients were divided into two subgroups: stage 1 patients (urinary albumin < 30 mg/day and albumin/creatinine ratio < 3 mg/mmol (n = 45)) and stage 2 patients (urinary albumin 30−300 mg/day and albumin/creatinine ratio 3−30 mg/mmol (n = 44)). Levels of oxidative damage products (conjugated dienes (CDs), thiobarbituric acid reactants (TBARs), methylglyoxal (MGO), and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) and antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferases π (GSTp), glutathione reductase (GR), copper and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), total antioxidant status (TAS), α-tocopherol, retinol, reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidative glutathione (GSSG)) were estimated in plasma and erythrocytes. Oxidative damage to cellular structures (higher values of median CDs (1.68 µmol/L; p = 0.003), MGO (3.38 mg/L; p < 0.001) in the stage 1 group and CDs (2.28 µmol/L; p < 0.0001), MGO (3.52 mg/L; p < 0.001), 8-OHdG (19.44 ng/mL; p = 0.010) in the stage 2 group) and changes in the antioxidant defense system (lower values of TAS (1.14 units; p = 0.011), α-tocopherol (12.17 µmol/L; p = 0.009), GPx (1099 units; p = 0.0003) and elevated levels of retinol (1.35 µmol/L; p < 0.001) in the group with stage 1; lower values of α-tocopherol (12.65 µmol/L; p = 0.033), GPx (1029.7 units; p = 0.0001) and increased levels of GR (292.75 units; p < 0.001), GSH (2.54 mmol/L; p = 0.010), GSSG (2.31 mmol/L; p < 0.0001), and retinol (0.81 µmol/L; p = 0.005) in the stage 2 group) were identified. The ROC analysis established that the following indicators have the highest diagnostic significance for stage 1 diabetic nephropathy: CDs (AUC 0.755; p < 0.0001), TBARs (AUC 0.748; p = 0.0001), MGO (AUC 0.720; p = 0.0033), retinol (AUC 0.932; p < 0.0001), GPx (AUC 0.741; p = 0.0004), α-tocopherol (AUC 0.683; p = 0.0071), and TAS (AUC 0.686; p = 0.0052) and the following for stage 2 diabetic nephropathy: CDs (AUC 0.714; p = 0.001), TBARs (AUC 0.708; p = 0.001), 8-OHdG (AUC 0.658; p = 0.0232), GSSG (AUC 0.714; p = 0.001), and GSH (AUC 0.667; p = 0.0108). We conclude that changes in indicators of damage to lipids, proteins, DNA, and the insufficiency of antioxidant defense factors already manifest in the first stage of diabetic nephropathy in men with T1DM. The ROC established which parameters have the greatest diagnostic significance for stages 1 and 2 of diabetic nephropathy, which may be utilized as additional criteria for defining men with T1DM as being in the risk group for the development of initial manifestations of the disease and thus allow for substantiating appropriate approaches to optimize preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Darenskaya
- Department of Personalized and Preventive Medicine, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
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Deng P, Li Z, Yi B, Leng Y. A Mendelian randomization study to assess the genetic liability of type 1 diabetes mellitus for IgA nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1000627. [PMID: 36589806 PMCID: PMC9797097 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) seems to be higher in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) than that in the general population. However, whether there exists a causal relationship between T1DM and IgAN remains unknown. Methods This study conducted a standard two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal inference by four MR methods, and the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach was selected as the primary method. To further test the independent causal effect of T1DM on IgAN, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was undertaken. Sensitivity analyses incorporating multiple complementary MR methods were applied to evaluate how strong the association was and identify potential pleiotropy. Results MR analyses utilized 81 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for T1DM. The evidence supports a significant causal relationship between T1DM and increased risk of IgAN [odds ratio (OR): 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.74 for IVW, p < 0.05]. The association still exists after adjusting for triglyceride (TG), fasting insulin (FI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). MVMR analysis indicated that the effect of T1DM on IgAN vanished upon accounting for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c; OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.90-1.05, p > 0.05). Conclusions This MR study provided evidence that T1DM may be a risk factor for the onset of IgAN, which might be driven by LDL-c. Lipid-lowering strategies targeting LDL-c should be enhanced in patients with T1DM to prevent IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Deng
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiping Leng
- The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Research Center for Phase I Clinical Trials, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation and Identification of Antidiabetic Compound of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.)'s Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206814. [PMID: 36296407 PMCID: PMC9609764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: An earlier study on the hypoglycemic activity of S. polyanthum (Wight.) leaf methanol extract identified squalene as the major chemical compound. The present study was conducted to assess the hypoglycemic effect of fractions and subfractions of the methanol extract of S. polyanthum compared to the squalene using a bioassay-guided in vivo study. (2) Methods: The methanol extract was fractionated using the liquid−liquid fractionation method. Streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rat was used to study the hypoglycemic effect. (3) Results: The findings showed that chloroform fraction significantly (p < 0.05) lowered blood glucose levels of diabetic rats as compared to the control. Further fractionation of chloroform fraction yielded subfraction-1 and -2, whereby subfraction-1 exhibited a higher blood-glucose-lowering effect. The lipid profile test showed that the total cholesterol level of subfraction-1 and squalene-treated groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05). An immunohistochemistry study revealed that none of the treatments regenerated pancreatic β-cells. Gas chromatography−mass spectrophotometer analysis identified the presence of squalene in the active methanol extract, chloroform fraction, and subfraction-1. In silico analysis revealed a higher affinity of squalene against protein receptors that control lipid metabolism than metformin. (4) Conclusions: Data obtained from the present work suggested the crude methanol extract exerted the highest hypoglycemic effect compared to fraction, subfraction, and squalene, confirming synergistic effect may be responsible for the hypoglycemic activity of S. polyanthum.
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Zhang J, Xiao Y, Hu J, Liu S, Zhou Z, Xie L. Lipid metabolism in type 1 diabetes mellitus: Pathogenetic and therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:999108. [PMID: 36275658 PMCID: PMC9583919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.999108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease with insulin deficiency due to pancreatic β cell destruction. Multiple independent cohort studies revealed specific lipid spectrum alterations prior to islet autoimmunity in T1DM. Except for serving as building blocks for membrane biogenesis, accumulative evidence suggests lipids and their derivatives can also modulate different biological processes in the progression of T1DM, such as inflammation responses, immune attacks, and β cell vulnerability. However, the types of lipids are huge and majority of them have been largely unexplored in T1DM. In this review, based on the lipid classification system, we summarize the clinical evidence on dyslipidemia related to T1DM and elucidate the potential mechanisms by which they participate in regulating inflammation responses, modulating lymphocyte function and influencing β cell susceptibility to apoptosis and dysfunction. This review systematically recapitulates the role and mechanisms of various lipids in T1DM, providing new therapeutic approaches for T1DM from a nutritional perspective.
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O’Neill CC, Locke EJ, Sipf DA, Thompson JH, Drebushenko EK, Berger NS, Segich BS, Kolwicz SC. The Effects of Exercise Training on Glucose Homeostasis and Muscle Metabolism in Type 1 Diabetic Female Mice. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100948. [PMID: 36295850 PMCID: PMC9608674 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although exercise training is an important recommendation for the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D), most of the available research studies predominantly focus on male subjects. Given the importance of sex as a biological variable, additional studies are required to improve the knowledge gap regarding sex differences in T1D research. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of exercise training in mediating changes in glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle metabolism in T1D female mice. Female mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T1D. Two weeks after STZ injection, control (CON) and STZ mice were exercise trained on a treadmill for 4 weeks. Aerobic exercise training failed to improve glucose tolerance, prevent the decrease in body weight and adipose tissue mass, or attenuate muscle atrophy in T1D female mice. However, insulin sensitivity was improved in T1D female mice after exercise training. Aerobic exercise training maintained skeletal muscle triglyceride content but did not prevent depletion of skeletal muscle or liver glycogen in T1D mice. Gene expression analysis suggested that T1D resulted in decreased glucose transport, decreased ketone body oxidation, and increased fatty acid metabolism in the skeletal muscle, which was not altered by exercise training. These data demonstrate that 4 weeks of aerobic exercise training of a moderate intensity is insufficient to counteract the negative effects of T1D in female mice, but does lead to an improvement in insulin sensitivity.
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36
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Llauradó G, Amigó N, Fuertes-Martín R, Romero A, Cano A, Albert L, Giménez-Palop O, Berlanga E, Fernández-Veledo S, Correig X, Vendrell J, González-Clemente JM. Measurement of Serum N-Glycans in the Assessment of Early Vascular Aging (Arterial Stiffness) in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2430-2438. [PMID: 35984043 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular aging (arterial stiffness [AS]) is an inflammation-linked process that predicts macro- and microvascular complications in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We evaluated the utility of measuring the inflammation-linked N-glycans GlycA and GlycB to assess vascular aging in adults with T1D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eighty-four adults with T1D (>10-year duration without cardiovascular events) and 68 healthy control subjects were evaluated for clinical characteristics (including microvascular complications in patients with T1D), aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) (surrogate measure of AS), and serum GlycA and GlycB (peak area [concentration] and height/width [H/W] ratio) using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS Patients with T1D had higher median (interquartile range) values than healthy control subjects for (P < 0.001 for all comparisons) aPWV 7.9 (6.9-9.1) vs. 6.1 (5.5-6.7) m/s, GlycA 850.4 (781.3-916.1) vs. 652.4 (581.5-727.1) μmoL; GlycB 386.1 (353.2-426.3) vs. 310.0 (280.5-331.9) μmol/L), H/W ratio of GlycA 16.5 (14.9-18.1) vs. 15.0 (13.7-16.7), and H/W ratio of GlycB 5.0 (4.6-5.5) vs. 4.0 (3.4-4.3). Moreover, aPWV correlated (P < 0.001 for all correlations) with GlycA (r = 0.550) and GlycB (r = 0.423) concentrations and with H/W ratios of GlycA (r = 0.453) and GlycB (r = 0.510). Adjusting for potential confounders, GlycA concentration (β = 0.212, P < 0.001) and the H/W ratios of GlycA (β = 0.150, P = 0.009) and GlycB (β = 0.155, P = 0.011) remained independently associated with aPWV. C-statistics for detecting individuals with aPWV >10 m/s were 0.866 (95% CI 0.794-0.937) for GlycA levels and 0.862 (0.780-0.943) for H/W ratio of GlycB. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of serum GlycA and GlycB may have utility in assessing vascular aging in adults with T1D of >10-year duration and no previous cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Llauradó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biosfer Teslab SL, Reus, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona-Reus, Spain
| | - Rocío Fuertes-Martín
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biosfer Teslab SL, Reus, Spain.,Department of Electronics, Electrical and Automatic Engineering Platform, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Romero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Albert Cano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Lara Albert
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Olga Giménez-Palop
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Eugenio Berlanga
- Clinical Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, UDIAT, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Electronics, Electrical and Automatic Engineering Platform, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José-Miguel González-Clemente
- CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
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Effects of captopril on glucose metabolism and autophagy in liver and muscle from mice with type 1 diabetes and diet-induced obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166477. [PMID: 35780942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Impaired metabolic functions underlie the pathophysiology of diabetes and obesity. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one pathway related to the pathophysiology of both diseases. RAS activation in metabolically active tissues exerts pro-inflammatory effects via angiotensin II (Ang II), linked to dysfunction in cellular processes such as autophagy, which is associated with obesity and diabetes. Here, we determined whether RAS is involved in metabolic dysregulations in a Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) mouse model, treated with captopril, and in an obesity mouse model (Agt-Tg) that overexpresses angiotensinogen (Agt) in adipose tissue. T1D mice had lower plasma leptin, resistin and higher non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) compared to wild type (Wt) mice, even under captopril treatment. Further, mRNA levels for Agt, At1, Insr, and Beclin1 were upregulated in muscle and liver of T1D mice with captopril compared to Wt. Moreover, autophagy markers LC3 and p62 proteins were decreased, regardless of captopril treatment in the liver from T1D mice. In obese Wt mice, captopril increased muscle Irs1 gene levels. Further, captopril reduced mRNA levels of At1, Insr, Ampk, Beclin1, Atg12, and Lc3 in the liver from both Wt and Agt-Tg mice, while Agt, At1, Insr, and Atg12 expression was reduced in Agt-Tg mice without captopril treatment. Irs1 expression was decreased in the liver from obese Wt mice treated with captopril. Our results suggest that captopril treatment upregulates components of RAS, insulin signaling, and autophagy in both muscle and liver, indicating potential utility of captopril in targeting both insulin sensitivity and autophagy in diabetes and obesity.
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Predictive Value of the Advanced Lipoprotein Profile and Glycated Proteins on Diabetic Retinopathy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193932. [PMID: 36235586 PMCID: PMC9572733 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether the advanced characteristics of serum lipoprotein subclasses could better predict the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its severity compared to other established risk factors in subjects with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. This observational, cross-sectional substudy analyzed DR-related data from 309 T1D and 264 T2D subjects. The advanced lipoprotein and glycoprotein profile was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (Liposcale test). NMR analysis of lipoproteins revealed that T1D subjects with DR showed standard non-HDL particles, despite higher IDL lipid concentrations. Notably, IDL lipids were elevated in T1D subjects with worsened DR. VLDL and LDL were smaller, whereas HDL triglycerides were increased in DR compared with non-DR. On the other hand, the T2D subjects with DR showed altered characteristics in the LDL fraction, mainly revealed by a significant decrease in smaller LDL and a reduction in LDL-C. Moreover, the glycoprotein profile did not reveal significant changes among DR groups, regardless of the type of diabetes. However, lipoprotein characteristics and glycoproteins unveiled by NMR analysis did not improve the predictive value of conventional lipids or other traditional, well-established biomarkers of DR in our cohorts.
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Nogueira VC, de Oliveira VDN, Guedes MIF, Smith BJ, da C Freire JE, Gonçalves NGG, de O M Moreira AC, de A Moreira R. UPLC-HDMS E to discover serum biomarkers in adults with type 1 diabetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:1161-1170. [PMID: 36115450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex disease with metabolic and functional changes that can alter an individual's proteome. An LC-MS/MS analytical method, in an HDMSE system, was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in the high abundance protein-depleted serum of T1D patients and healthy controls. Samples were processed in Progenesis QI for Proteomics software. A functional enrichment of the proteins was performed with Gene Ontology and ToppGene, and the interactions were visualized by STRING 11.5. As a result, 139 proteins were identified, 14 of which were downregulated in the serum of patients with T1D compared to controls. Most of the differentially expressed proteins were shown to be involved with the immune system, inflammation, and growth hormone stimulus response, and were associated with the progression of T1D. Differential protein expression data showed for the first-time changes in CPN2 expression levels in the serum of patients with T1D. Our findings indicate that these proteins are targets of interest for future investigations and for validation of protein biomarkers in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C Nogueira
- Department of Education, Federal Institute of Ceará (IFCE), Ubajara, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Valzimeire do N de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Maria I F Guedes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Bradley J Smith
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Institute of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José E da C Freire
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Ana C de O M Moreira
- Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Renato de A Moreira
- Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Denimal D, Monier S, Simoneau I, Duvillard L, Vergès B, Bouillet B. HDL functionality in type 1 diabetes: enhancement of cholesterol efflux capacity in relationship with decreased HDL carbamylation after improvement of glycemic control. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:154. [PMID: 35962339 PMCID: PMC9375300 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDLs is likely to increase cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to assess whether improvement of glycemic control in T1D patients is associated with changes in CEC in relation with changes in carbamylation of HDLs. Methods In this open-label trial, 27 uncontrolled T1D patients were given a three-month standard medical intervention to improve glycemic control. HDL fraction was isolated from plasma, and CEC was measured on THP-1 macrophages. Carbamylation of HDLs was evaluated by an immunoassay. Control HDLs from healthy subjects were carbamylated in vitro with potassium cyanate. Results HbA1c decreased from 11.4% [10.2–12.9] (median [1st–3rd quartiles]) at baseline to 8.1% [6.6–9.0] after the three-month intervention (P < 0.00001). The CEC of HDLs increased after intervention in 19 (70%) patients (P = 0.038). At the same time, the carbamylation of HDLs decreased in 22 (82%) patients after intervention (P = 0.014). The increase in CEC significantly correlated with the decrease in carbamylated HDLs (r = −0.411, P = 0.034), even after adjustment for the change in HbA1c (β = −0.527, P = 0.003). In vitro carbamylation of control HDLs decreased CEC by 13% (P = 0.041) and 23% (P = 0.021) using 1 and 10 mmol/L of potassium cyanate, respectively. Conclusions The improvement of CEC in relation to a decrease in the carbamylation of HDLs may likely contribute to the beneficial cardiovascular effect of glycemic control in T1D patients. Trial registration: NCT02816099 ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Denimal
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France. .,Department of Biochemistry - Plateforme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.
| | - Serge Monier
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Simoneau
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Duvillard
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,Department of Biochemistry - Plateforme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Vergès
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Bouillet
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
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Abstract
Lipid disorders involving derangements in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, or both are commonly encountered in clinical practice and often have implications for cardiovascular risk and overall health. Recent advances in knowledge, recommendations, and treatment options have necessitated an updated approach to these disorders. Older classification schemes have outlived their usefulness, yielding to an approach based on the primary lipid disturbance identified on a routine lipid panel as a practical starting point. Although monogenic dyslipidemias exist and are important to identify, most individuals with lipid disorders have polygenic predisposition, often in the context of secondary factors such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. With regard to cardiovascular disease, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is essentially causal, and clinical practice guidelines worldwide have recommended treatment thresholds and targets for this variable. Furthermore, recent studies have established elevated triglycerides as a cardiovascular risk factor, whereas depressed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol now appears less contributory than was previously believed. An updated approach to diagnosis and risk assessment may include measurement of secondary lipid variables such as apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a), together with selective use of genetic testing to diagnose rare monogenic dyslipidemias such as familial hypercholesterolemia or familial chylomicronemia syndrome. The ongoing development of new agents-especially antisense RNA and monoclonal antibodies-targeting dyslipidemias will provide additional management options, which in turn motivates discussion on how best to incorporate them into current treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Berberich
- Department of Medicine; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
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Seyed Ahmadi S, Pivodic A, Svensson AM, Wedel H, Rathsman B, Nyström T, Ludvigsson J, Lind M. Risk factors for nephropathy in persons with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:761-772. [PMID: 35201418 PMCID: PMC9085666 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Albuminuria is strongly associated with risk of renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, clinical guidelines diverge, and evidence is sparse on what risk factor levels regarding blood pressure, blood lipids and BMI are needed to prevent albuminuria in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A total of 9347 children and adults with type 1 diabetes [mean age 15.3 years and mean diabetes duration 1.4 years at start of follow-up] from The Swedish National Diabetes Registry were followed from first registration until end of 2017. Levels for risk factors for a risk increase in nephropathy were evaluated, and the gradient of risk per 1 SD (standard deviation) was estimated to compare the impact of each risk factor. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 8610 (92.1%) remained normoalbuminuric, 737 (7.9%) individuals developed micro- or macroalbuminuria at any time period of whom 132 (17.9% of 737) individuals developed macroalbuminuria. Blood pressure ≥ 140/80 mmHg was associated with increased risk of albuminuria (p ≤ 0.0001), as were triglycerides ≥ 1.0 mmol/L (p = 0.039), total cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/L (p = 0.0003), HDL < 1.0 mmol/L (p = 0.013), LDL 3.5- < 4.0 mmol/L (p = 0.020), and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (p = 0.033). HbA1c was the strongest risk factor for any albuminuria estimated by the measure gradient of risk per 1 SD, followed by diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol and LDL. In patients with HbA1c > 65 mmol/mol (> 8.1%), blood pressure > 140/70 mmHg was associated with increased risk of albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Preventing renal complications in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes need avoidance at relatively high levels of blood pressure, blood lipids and BMI, whereas very tight control is not associated with further risk reduction. For patients with long-term poor glycaemic control, stricter blood pressure control is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Seyed Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Medicine, Uddevalla Hospital, 45180, Uddevalla, Sweden.
| | - Aldina Pivodic
- Statistiska Konsultgruppen, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Hans Wedel
- Department of Health Metrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Rathsman
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Internal Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital, and Division of Paediatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lind
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, NU Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To critically appraise new insights into HDL structure and function in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). RECENT FINDINGS In young T1DM patients with early renal impairment and a high inflammatory score, both HDL antioxidative activity and endothelial vasodilatory function were impaired, revealing a critical link between HDL dysfunction, subclinical vascular damage, systemic inflammation and end organ damage. HDL may inhibit development of T2DM by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic loss of pancreatic β-cells, an effect due in part to ABC transporter-mediated efflux of specific oxysterols with downstream activation of the hedghehog signalling receptor, Smoothened. The apoM-sphingosine-1-phosphate complex is critical to HDL antidiabetic activity, encompassing protection against insulin resistance, promotion of insulin secretion, enhanced β-cell survival and inhibition of hepatic glucose production. Structure-function studies of HDL in hyperglycemic, dyslipidemic T2DM patients revealed both gain and loss of lipidomic and proteomic components. Such changes attenuated both the optimal protective effects of HDL on mitochondrial function and its capacity to inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis. Distinct structural components associated with individual HDL functions. SUMMARY Extensive evidence indicates that both the proteome and lipidome of HDL are altered in T1DM and T2DM, with impairment of multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. John Chapman
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France
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Borymska W, Zych M, Dudek S, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I. Silymarin from Milk Thistle Fruits Counteracts Selected Pathological Changes in the Lenses of Type 1 Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:1450. [PMID: 35406062 PMCID: PMC9003010 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting many tissues and organs. The main etiological factor for diabetic complications is hyperglycemia and subsequent pathologies, such as oxidative stress. One of the organs susceptible to the development of diabetic complications is the eye with all of its elements, including the lens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silymarin, an extract obtained from milk thistle fruit husks, on the oxidative stress markers in the lenses of type 1 diabetic rats. The study was performed on male rats in which type 1 diabetes was induced with 60 mg/kg streptozotocin injection. Diabetic animals were treated via an intragastric tube with silymarin at 50 and 100 mg/kg doses for four weeks. Multiple oxidative stress and polyol pathway-related parameters were measured in the lenses, and auxiliary biochemical tests in the serum were conducted. Diabetes induced severe pathological changes both in the lenses and the serum, and silymarin counteracted several of them. Nevertheless, the qualitative analyses encompassing all tested parameters indicate that silymarin slightly improved the overall state of diabetic animals. Upon the obtained results, it can be concluded that silymarin reveals a faint positive effect on the lenses in type 1 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Borymska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (M.Z.); (S.D.); (I.K.-S.)
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Alrasheed AA. Dyslipidemia Among Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Its Associated Factors in Saudi Arabia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e21923. [PMID: 35265434 PMCID: PMC8899866 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its associated factors in Saudi Arabia. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted to examine patients with T1DM at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The hospital’s electronic medical records (EMRs) and a telephone survey were used to collect data after obtaining institutional approval and informed consent from every patient. The inclusion criteria included age >18 years, T1DM, and follow-up at the tertiary care hospital. The data collected included age, gender, hypertension, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Results A total of 234 patients with T1DM were included in the study, which comprised 44.4% men and 55.6% women with an average age of 30.9 ± 9.7 years. Total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were 4.6 ± 1.04 mmol/L, 1.1 ± 0.60 mmol/L, 2.6 ± 0.89 mmol/L, and 1.5 ± 0.43 mmol/L, respectively. About 18.4% were hypertensive, and about 51.9% and 50% men and women had dyslipidemia, respectively. Males and HbA1c ≥ 7% showed significant associations with dyslipidemia. Conclusion Dyslipidemia is prevalent in patients with T1DM in Saudi Arabia, which warrants the use of solid preventive strategies to limit the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Drozd I, Weiskorn J, Lange K, Kordonouri O. Typ-1-Diabetes und kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1713-2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie langfristigen kardiovaskulären Folgen des Typ-1-Diabetes determinieren die Lebenserwartung betroffener Kinder und Jugendlicher. Risikofaktoren für deren Entwicklung sind eine längere Diabetesdauer bzw. Diabetesmanifestation im frühen Lebensalter, Hypertonie, Rauchen, hoher BMI sowie Fettstoffwechselstörungen. Das Management der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes beinhaltet zum einen Screeningsmaßnahmen zur frühzeitigen Aufdeckung der pathologischen Veränderungen und zum anderen eine Lebensstilanpassung im Sinne einer ausgewogenen, normokalorischen Ernährung, regelmäßiger Bewegung sowie ggf. einer medikamentösen lipid- bzw. blutdrucksenkenden Therapie.Die Leitlinien und Empfehlungen zur standardisierten Erkennung und Behandlung kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren bei jungen Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes sind bisher uneinheitlich formuliert und werden deshalb nicht immer im klinischen Alltag angewendet bzw. umgesetzt. Dies führt zu einer relevanten Unterversorgung dieser Patientengruppe. Dem gilt es mit mehr Forschungsansätzen und der Entwicklung eines universellen Prozederes zur Diagnostik und Therapie der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren entgegenzuwirken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Drozd
- Diabetes-Zentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, AUF DER BULT, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Hannover, Germany
- Medizinische Psychologie, MHH Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jantje Weiskorn
- Diabetes-Zentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, AUF DER BULT, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- Medizinische Psychologie, MHH Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Kordonouri
- Diabetes-Zentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, AUF DER BULT, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Hannover, Germany
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Xiang J, Zhang H, Zhou X, Wang D, Chen R, Tan W, Liang L, Shi M, Zhang F, Xiao Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Guo B. Atorvastatin Restores PPARα Inhibition of Lipid Metabolism Disorders by Downregulating miR-21 Expression to Improve Mitochondrial Function and Alleviate Diabetic Nephropathy Progression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:819787. [PMID: 35222033 PMCID: PMC8874267 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.819787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin is a classical lipid-lowering drug. It has been reported to have renoprotective effects, such as reducing urinary protein excretion and extracellular matrix aggregation. The present study aimed to investigate the specific mechanism of action of Atorvastatin in type 1 diabetic mice (T1DM) in inhibiting renal tubular epithelial cell injury following treatment with high glucose and high fat. The anti-injury mechanism of Atorvastatin involved the inhibition of miR-21 expression and the upregulation of the transcription and expression of its downstream gene Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-α(PPARα). An increase in blood glucose and lipid levels was noted in the T1DM model, which was associated with renal fibrosis and inflammation. These changes were accompanied by increased miR-21 levels, downregulation of PPARα and Mfn1 expressions, and upregulation of Drp1 and IL6 expressions in renal tissues. These phenomena were reversed following the administration of Atorvastatin. miR-21 targeted PPARα by inhibiting its mRNA translation. Inhibition of miR-21 expression or Fenofibrate (PPARα agonist) administration prevented the decrease of PPARα in renal tubular epithelial cells under high glucose (HG) and high fat (Palmitic acid, PA) conditions, alleviating lipid metabolism disorders and reducing mitochondrial dynamics and inflammation. Consistent with the in vivo results, the in vitro findings also demonstrated that mRTECs administered with Atorvastatin in HG + PA increased PPARα expression and restored the normal expression of Mfn1 and Drp1, and effectively increasing the number of biologically active mitochondria and ATP content, reducing ROS production, and restoring mitochondrial membrane potential following Atorvastatin intervention. In addition, these effects were noted to the inhibition of FN expression and tubular cell inflammatory response; however, in the presence of miR-21mimics, the aforementioned effects of Atorvastatin were significantly diminished. Based on these observations, we conclude that Atorvastatin inhibits tubular epithelial cell injury in T1DM with concomitant induction of lipid metabolism disorders by a mechanism involving inhibition of miR-21 expression and consequent upregulation of PPARα expression. Moreover, Atorvastatin regulated lipid metabolism homeostasis and PPARα to restore mitochondrial function. The results emphasize the potential of Atorvastatin to exhibit lipid-regulating functions and non-lipid effects that balance mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Rongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Wanlin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Luqun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Wang, Yuan.yuan.wang.@outlook.com; Bing Guo,
| | - Bing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Wang, Yuan.yuan.wang.@outlook.com; Bing Guo,
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Boarescu PM, Boarescu I, Pop RM, Roşian ŞH, Bocșan IC, Rus V, Mada RO, Popa ID, Neagu N, Bulboacă AE, Buzoianu AD, Bolboacă SD. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, and Histological Changes in Experimental Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1438. [PMID: 35163364 PMCID: PMC8835716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to compare the oxidative stress biomarkers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes induced by three cardiovascular risk factors, namely, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hypertension was induced with 40 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl (L-NAME) administered orally. Dyslipidemia was induced by the administration of a diet with a high cholesterol (2%) content. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of streptozocin (65 mg/kg). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidative status (TOS) are increased by all three cardiovascular risk factors (up to 207%). The indirect assessment of NO synthesis (NOx) is observed to be reduced after L-NAME administration (43%), and dyslipidemia induction (16%), while type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with the highest levels of NOx (increased 112%). Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 1 diabetes reduced the total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and total thiol (SH) levels (up to 57%). The values of evaluated pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), assessed from the ascending aorta were elevated by all three cardiovascular risk factors, with the highest levels induced by type 1 diabetes mellitus (up to 259%). The histopathological examination of the ascending and descending aorta revealed reversible pro-atherogenic changes consisting of the accumulation of lipid droplets in the subendothelial connective tissue on rats with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Irreversible pro-atherogenic changes consisting of a reduction of the specific elasticity of the arteries were observed in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes mellitus demonstrates an alteration of the oxidative stress parameters, the elevation of tissue levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and causing irreversible pro-atherogenic changes on the aortic wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Mihai Boarescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-M.B.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Ioana Boarescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.B.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-M.B.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Ştefan Horia Roşian
- Department of Cardiology—Heart Institute, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Calea Moților Street, No. 19–21, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute Cluj-Napoca, Calea Moților Street, No. 19–21, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.O.M.); (I.D.P.)
| | - Ioana Corina Bocșan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-M.B.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Vasile Rus
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur Street, No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Răzvan Olimpiu Mada
- “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute Cluj-Napoca, Calea Moților Street, No. 19–21, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.O.M.); (I.D.P.)
| | - Iulia Diana Popa
- “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute Cluj-Napoca, Calea Moților Street, No. 19–21, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.O.M.); (I.D.P.)
| | - Nicholas Neagu
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Luis Pasteur Street, No. 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Street, No. 2–4, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-M.B.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.B.); (S.D.B.)
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Zaharia OP, Lanzinger S, Rosenbauer J, Karges W, Müssig K, Meyhöfer SM, Burkart V, Hummel M, Raddatz D, Roden M, Szendroedi J, Holl RW. Comorbidities in Recent-Onset Adult Type 1 Diabetes: A Comparison of German Cohorts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:760778. [PMID: 35721726 PMCID: PMC9205191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.760778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Restrictive exclusion criteria from different study populations may limit the generalizability of the observations. By comparing two differently designed German cohorts, we assessed the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications in recent-onset adult type 1 diabetes. METHODS This study evaluated 1511 persons with type 1 diabetes of the prospective diabetes follow-up registry (DPV) and 268 volunteers of the prospective observational German Diabetes Study (GDS) with a known diabetes duration <1 year. Participants had similar age (36 years), sex distribution (41% female) and BMI (26 kg/m2) in both cohorts. RESULTS The average HbA1c was 6.4 ± 0.8% in the GDS and 7.0 ± 1.1% in the DPV. Prevalence of hypertension (24%) was similar, while more DPV participants had dyslipidemia and lipid-lowering medication than GDS participants (77% vs. 41% and 7% vs. 2%, respectively; p<0.05). Prevalence of retinopathy and nephropathy was higher in DPV compared to GDS participants (10% vs. 3% and 18% vs. 7%, respectively; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy are the most frequent complications in type 1 diabetes, affecting up to every 10th patient within the first year after diagnosis, underlining the need for more stringent risk factor management already at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana P. Zaharia
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lanzinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Zentralinstitut für Biomedizinische Technik (ZIBMT), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram Karges
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Franziskus-Hospital Harderberg, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany
| | - Sebastian M. Meyhöfer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Rosenheim, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Raddatz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Julia Szendroedi,
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Zentralinstitut für Biomedizinische Technik (ZIBMT), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Dai H, Qian Y, Lv H, Jiang L, Jiang H, Shen M, Chen H, Chen Y, Zheng S, Fu Q, Yang T, Xu K. Rs864745 in JAZF1, an Islet Function Associated Variant, Correlates With Plasma Lipid Levels in Both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Status, but Not Healthy Subjects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:898893. [PMID: 35846288 PMCID: PMC9283698 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.898893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to reveal the association between JAZF1 rs864745 A>G variant and type 2 diabetes (T2D), type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk, and their correlation with clinical features, including islet function, islet autoimmunity, and plasma lipid levels. METHODS We included 2505 healthy controls based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 1736 unrelated T2D, and 1003 unrelated autoantibody-positive T1D individuals. Binary logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationships between rs864745 in JAZF1 and T2D, T1D, and islet-specific autoantibody status under the additive model, while multiple linear regression was used to assess its effect on glycemic-related quantitative traits and plasma lipid levels. RESULTS We did not find any association between rs864745 in JAZF1 and T2D, T1D, or their subgroups (All P > 0.05). For glycemic traits, we found that the G allele of this variant was significantly associated with higher 120 min insulin level, insulinogenic index (IGI), corrected insulin response (CIR), and acute insulin response (BIGTT-AIR) (P = 0.033, 0.006, 0.009, and 0.016, respectively) in healthy individuals. Similar associations were observed in newly diagnosed T2D but not T1D individuals. Although this variant had no impact on islet autoimmunity (All P > 0.05), significant associations with plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level stratified by JAZF1 rs864745 variant were observed in the disease status of T2D (P = 0.002 and 0.003) and T1D (P = 0.024 and 0.009), with significant heterogeneity to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS The common JAZF1 rs864745 variant contributes to islet function and lipid metabolism, which might be put into genetic risk scores to assess the risk of related clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Yang
- *Correspondence: Tao Yang, ; Kuanfeng Xu,
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