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Loyola-Vargas VM, Méndez-Hernández HA, Quintana-Escobar AO. The History of Agrobacterium Rhizogenes: From Pathogen to a Multitasking Platform for Biotechnology. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2827:51-69. [PMID: 38985262 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3954-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Agrobacterium's journey has been a roller coaster, from being a pathogen to becoming a powerful biotechnological tool. While A. tumefaciens has provided the scientific community with a versatile tool for plant transformation, Agrobacterium rhizogenes has given researchers a Swiss army knife for developing many applications. These applications range from a methodology to regenerate plants, often recalcitrant, to establish bioremediation protocols to a valuable system to produce secondary metabolites. This chapter reviews its discovery, biology, controversies over its nomenclature, and some of the multiple applications developed using A. rhizogenes as a platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, CP, Mexico.
| | - Hugo A Méndez-Hernández
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, CP, Mexico
| | - Ana O Quintana-Escobar
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, CP, Mexico
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2
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Freitas-Alves NS, Moreira-Pinto CE, Arraes FBM, Costa LSDL, de Abreu RA, Moreira VJV, Lourenço-Tessutti IT, Pinheiro DH, Lisei-de-Sa ME, Paes-de-Melo B, Pereira BM, Guimaraes PM, Brasileiro ACM, de Almeida-Engler J, Soccol CR, Morgante CV, Basso MF, Grossi-de-Sa MF. An ex vitro hairy root system from petioles of detached soybean leaves for in planta screening of target genes and CRISPR strategies associated with nematode bioassays. PLANTA 2023; 259:23. [PMID: 38108903 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The ex vitro hairy root system from petioles of detached soybean leaves allows the functional validation of genes using classical transgenesis and CRISPR strategies (e.g., sgRNA validation, gene activation) associated with nematode bioassays. Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated root transformation has been widely used in soybean for the functional validation of target genes in classical transgenesis and single-guide RNA (sgRNA) in CRISPR-based technologies. Initial data showed that in vitro hairy root induction from soybean cotyledons and hypocotyls were not the most suitable strategies for simultaneous performing genetic studies and nematode bioassays. Therefore, an ex vitro hairy root system was developed for in planta screening of target molecules during soybean parasitism by root-knot nematodes (RKNs). Applying this method, hairy roots were successfully induced by A. rhizogenes from petioles of detached soybean leaves. The soybean GmPR10 and GmGST genes were then constitutively overexpressed in both soybean hairy roots and tobacco plants, showing a reduction in the number of Meloidogyne incognita-induced galls of up to 41% and 39%, respectively. In addition, this system was evaluated for upregulation of the endogenous GmExpA and GmExpLB genes by CRISPR/dCas9, showing high levels of gene activation and reductions in gall number of up to 58.7% and 67.4%, respectively. Furthermore, morphological and histological analyses of the galls were successfully performed. These collective data validate the ex vitro hairy root system for screening target genes, using classical overexpression and CRISPR approaches, directly in soybean in a simple manner and associated with nematode bioassays. This system can also be used in other root pathosystems for analyses of gene function and studies of parasite interactions with plants, as well as for other purposes such as studies of root biology and promoter characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara S Freitas-Alves
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Clidia E Moreira-Pinto
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Fabrício B M Arraes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Lorena S de L Costa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Brasília-UNB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Rayane A de Abreu
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Valdeir J V Moreira
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Brasília-UNB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Isabela T Lourenço-Tessutti
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Daniele H Pinheiro
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Maria E Lisei-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Bruno Paes-de-Melo
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Bruna M Pereira
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Patricia M Guimaraes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Ana C M Brasileiro
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Janice de Almeida-Engler
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, ISA, France
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina V Morgante
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- Embrapa Semiarid, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Marcos F Basso
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Maria F Grossi-de-Sa
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, PqEB Final, W5 Norte, PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil.
- Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Brasília-UNB, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT PlantStress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil.
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Hairy Root Cultures as a Source of Polyphenolic Antioxidants: Flavonoids, Stilbenoids and Hydrolyzable Tannins. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151950. [PMID: 35956428 PMCID: PMC9370385 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their chemical properties and biological activity, antioxidants of plant origin have gained interest as valuable components of the human diet, potential food preservatives and additives, ingredients of cosmetics and factors implicated in tolerance mechanisms against environmental stress. Plant polyphenols are the most prominent and extensively studied, albeit not only group of, secondary plant (specialized) metabolites manifesting antioxidative activity. Because of their potential economic importance, the productive and renewable sources of the compounds are desirable. Over thirty years of research on hairy root cultures, as both producers of secondary plant metabolites and experimental systems to investigate plant biosynthetic pathways, brought about several spectacular achievements. The present review focuses on the Rhizobium rhizogenes-transformed roots that either may be efficient sources of plant-derived antioxidants or were used to elucidate some regulatory mechanisms responsible for the enhanced accumulation of antioxidants in plant tissues.
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Wen D, Wu L, Wang M, Yang W, Wang X, Ma W, Sun W, Chen S, Xiang L, Shi Y. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of FtMYB45 Promotes Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Tartary Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:879390. [PMID: 35646007 PMCID: PMC9133938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.879390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology is an efficient genome editing tool used in multiple plant species. However, it has not been applied to Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), which is an important edible and medicinal crop rich in rutin and other flavonoids. FtMYB45 is an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor that negatively regulates flavonoid biosynthesis in Tartary buckwheat. Here, the CRISPR/Cas9 system polycistronic tRNA-sgRNA (PTG)/Cas9 was employed to knock out the FtMYB45 gene in Tartary buckwheat. Two single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were designed to target the second exon of the FtMYB45 gene. Twelve transgenic hairy roots were obtained using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. Sequencing data revealed that six lines containing six types of mutations at the predicted double-stranded break site were generated using sgRNA1. The mutation frequency reached 50%. A liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS) based metabolomic analysis revealed that the content of rutin, catechin, and other flavonoids was increased in hairy root mutants compared with that of lines transformed with the empty vector. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of FtMYB45 effectively increased the flavonoids content of Tartary buckwheat. This finding demonstrated that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient tool for precise genome editing in Tartary buckwheat and lays the foundation for gene function research and quality improvement in Tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sahito ZA, Zehra A, Chen S, Yu S, Tang L, Ali Z, Hamza S, Irfan M, Abbas T, He Z, Yang X. Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated root proliferation in Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii and its effects on plant growth promotion, root exudates and metal uptake efficiency. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127442. [PMID: 34673390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated root proliferation system in Sedum alfredii has been established. Twenty strains of R. rhizogenes were screened for root proliferation. A significant difference (P < 0.01) was observed in plant morphological characters under influence of different bacterial strains. The highest root fresh weight (3.236 g/plant) was observed with strain AS12556. Furthermore, significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the chemical composition of organic acids, Tartaric acid (TA), Succinic acid (SA), Malic acid (MA), Citric acid (CA) and Oxalic acid (OA), pH, Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and soluble sugars in root exudates with different R. rhizogenes mediated roots. Furthermore, a series of hydroponics experiments were conducted with varying concentrations of Cd (25, 50 and 75 µM) and Zn (100, 200 and 500 µM) to assess the phytoextraction efficiency of proliferated roots with Rhizobium. Several plants with proliferated roots showed enhanced growth and improved metal extraction efficiency. Five strains (LBA 9402, K599, AS12556, MSU440 and C58C1) were identified as potential strains for root proliferation in Sedum alfredii. R. rhizogenes strain AS12556 improved Cd/Zn phytoextraction by exogenous production of phytochemicals to promote root proliferation, improved shoot biomass, lowered oxidative damage and enhanced phytoextraction efficiency in S. alfredii. Therefore, it has been selected as a potential microbial partner of S. alfredii to develop extensive rooting system for better growth and enhanced phytoremediation potential. Results suggest that R. rhizogenes mediated root proliferation system can be used for optimizing metal extraction from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachi Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Shaoning Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zarina Ali
- Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Salma Hamza
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachi Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Karachi Campus, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Abbas
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75250, Pakistan
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Hussain MJ, Abbas Y, Nazli N, Fatima S, Drouet S, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Root Cultures, a Boon for the Production of Valuable Compounds: A Comparative Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030439. [PMID: 35161423 PMCID: PMC8838425 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are an inevitable source of pharmaceutical drugs and most of the world population depends on these plants for health benefits. The increasing global demand for bioactive compounds from medicinal plants has posed a great threat to their existence due to overexploitation. Adventitious root and hairy root culture systems are an alternative approach to the conventional method for mass production of valuable compounds from medicinal plants owing to their rapid growth, biosynthetic and genetic stability. The main purpose of this review is to investigate the recent scientific research published worldwide on the application of adventitious and hairy root cultures to produce valuable compounds from medicinal plants. Furthermore, a comparison of adventitious root vs. hairy root cultures to produce valuable compounds has also been discussed. Various aspects such as medium composition, carbon source, pH, amount of macronutrients, optimization strategy, scale-up cultures, and use of biotic abiotic and nano-elicitors at various concentrations are the topic of discussion in this review. Several studies on adventitious and hairy root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum¸ Withania somnifera¸ Echinacea purpurea and Ajuga bracteosa have been discussed in detail which highlights the importance of elicitation strategies and bioreactor system, presenting commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masooma Jawad Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.H.); (Y.A.); (N.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Yawar Abbas
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.H.); (Y.A.); (N.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Naushaba Nazli
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.H.); (Y.A.); (N.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Sara Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.H.); (Y.A.); (N.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), University of Orleans, INRAE USC1328, F28000 Chartres, France; (S.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), University of Orleans, INRAE USC1328, F28000 Chartres, France; (S.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.J.H.); (Y.A.); (N.N.); (S.F.)
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Kentsop RAD, Iobbi V, Donadio G, Ruffoni B, De Tommasi N, Bisio A. Abietane Diterpenoids from the Hairy Roots of Salvia corrugata. Molecules 2021; 26:5144. [PMID: 34500582 PMCID: PMC8434070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia corrugata Vahl. is an interesting source of abietane and abeo-abietane compounds that showed antibacterial, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aim of the study was to obtain transformed roots of S. corrugata and to evaluate the production of terpenoids in comparison with in vivo root production. Hairy roots were initiated from leaf explants by infection with ATCC 15834 Agrobacterium rhizogenes onto hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium. Transformation was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of rolC and virC1 genes. The biomass production was obtained in hormone-free liquid MS medium using Temporary Immersion System bioreactor RITA®. The chromatographic separation of the methanolic extract of the untransformed roots afforded horminone, ferruginol, 7-O-acetylhorminone and 7-O-methylhorminone. Agastol and ferruginol were isolated and quantified from the hairy roots. The amount of these metabolites indicated that the hairy roots of S. corrugata can be considered a source of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roméo Arago Dougué Kentsop
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura—CREA Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Corso degli Inglesi, 508, 18038 Sanremo, Italy;
| | - Valeria Iobbi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
| | - Giuliana Donadio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Barbara Ruffoni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura—CREA Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Corso degli Inglesi, 508, 18038 Sanremo, Italy;
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Angela Bisio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
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Balasubramani S, Ranjitha Kumari BD, Moola AK, Sathish D, Prem Kumar G, Srimurali S, Babu Rajendran R. Enhanced Production of β-Caryophyllene by Farnesyl Diphosphate Precursor-Treated Callus and Hairy Root Cultures of Artemisia vulgaris L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:634178. [PMID: 33859659 PMCID: PMC8042329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.634178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia vulgaris L. produces a wide range of valuable secondary metabolites. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of various concentrations of farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) on β-caryophyllene content in both callus and hairy root (HR) cultures regeneration from leaf explants of A. vulgaris L. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D; 4-13 μM), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 5-16 μM), and FDP (1 and 3 μM) was used for callus induction and HR regeneration from leaf explants of A. vulgaris L. In this study, precursor-treated (2,4D 13.5 μM + FDP 3 μM) callus displayed the highest biomass fresh weight (FW)/dry weight (DW): 46/25 g, followed by NAA 10.7 μM + FDP 3 μM with FW/DW: 50/28 g. Two different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains (A4 and R1000) were evaluated for HR induction. The biomass of HRs induced using half-strength MS + B5 vitamins with 3 μM FDP was FW/DW: 40/20 g and FW/DW: 41/19 g, respectively. To determine β-caryophyllene accumulation, we have isolated the essential oil from FDP-treated calli and HRs and quantified β-caryophyllene using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The highest production of β-caryophyllene was noticed in HR cultures induced using A4 and R1000 strains on half-strength MS medium containing 3 μM FDP, which produced 2.92 and 2.80 mg/ml β-caryophyllene, respectively. The optimized protocol can be used commercially by scaling up the production of a β-caryophyllene compound in a short span of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararajan Balasubramani
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Sundararajan Balasubramani,
| | - B. D. Ranjitha Kumari
- Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
- B. D. Ranjitha Kumari,
| | | | - D. Sathish
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - G. Prem Kumar
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - S. Srimurali
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - R. Babu Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Pedreño MA, Almagro L. Carrot hairy roots: factories for secondary metabolite production. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6861-6864. [PMID: 33382895 PMCID: PMC7774525 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on: Barba-Espín G, Chen S-T, Agnolet S, Hegelund JN, Stanstrup J, Christensen JH, Müller R, Lütken H. 2020. Ethephon-induced changes in antioxidants and phenolic compounds in anthocyanin-producing black carrot hairy root cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 7030–7045.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Pedreño
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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Joseph Sahayarayan J, Udayakumar R, Arun M, Ganapathi A, Alwahibi MS, Aldosari NS, Morgan AMA. Effect of different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains for in-vitro hairy root induction, total phenolic, flavonoids contents, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of ( Cucumis anguria L.). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2972-2979. [PMID: 33100855 PMCID: PMC7569140 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different Agrobacterium rhizogenes on the induction of hairy root of Cucumis anguria and determine its total phenolic, flavonoids contents, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. In this investigation A. rhizogenes strains such as, 15834, 13333, A4, R1200, R1000, LBA9402, R1301 and R1601 are all investigated, were developing hairy root conception in cotyledon and leaf tissue explants. Polymerase chain response (PCR) and the converse transcription-PCR are transgenic clones of hairy roots has been utilized rolA and rolB particular primers. In the middle of the different attention of better regulators the extreme transformation frequency was achieved in (IBA + NAA) cotyledon explant. Transgenic hairy roots increase in MS liquid medium added to with IBA + NAA (2.46 + 1.07) displayed the maximum accumulation of biomass 0.68 g/l dry weight (DW) and 6.52 ± 0.49 g/l fresh weight (FW) were obtained at the 21 days of cotyledon explant. The flavonoid and total phenolic contents were estimated using aluminium chloride method and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The amount of phenolic compounds in Cucumis anguria L non transformed root (124.46 ± 6.13 mg GA/g) was lower than that in the methanol extracts of Cucumis anguria L. hairy roots (160.38 ± 5.0 mg GA/g), being was Cucumis anguria L non transformed root lower (42.93 ± 1.58 mg rutin/g) than that in the concentration of total flavonoids in Cucumis anguria L. hairy root (16.26 ± 1.84 mg rutin/g). Additionally, transgenic hairy roots professionally produced various phenolic and flavonoid composites. The total antimicrobial activity, phenolics, flavonoids content and antioxidant were more in the hairy roots related to non-transformed roots. In our discovery, the A. rhizogenes R1000 is promising candidate for hairy root initiation of C. anguria from cotyledone explants were realized large number of hairy roots compared with leaf explants. The antioxidant potential of methanol extracts of flavonoid and phenolic compounds from the hairy roots have great potential to treat various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajangam Udayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Andy Ganapathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Salim Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M A Morgan
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad-Medani, P.O.Box: 20, Sudan
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11
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Zhou Y, Feng J, Li Q, Huang D, Chen X, Du Z, Lv Z, Xiao Y, Han Y, Chen J, Chen W. SmMYC2b Enhances Tanshinone Accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza by Activating Pathway Genes and Promoting Lateral Root Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:559438. [PMID: 33042182 PMCID: PMC7517298 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.559438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae) is an economically important medicinal plant as well as an emerging model plant. Our previous studies indicate that SmMYC2b is a positive transcription factor that can affect the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza. Moreover, MYC2s are well known to induce the development of lateral roots. As tanshinones are mainly distributed in the periderm, the promotion of lateral root development probably leads to increased accumulation of tanshinones. In this paper, we firstly discovered that SmMYC2b played a dual regulatory role in effectively enhancing the tanshinone accumulation by activating tanshinone biosynthetic pathway and promoting lateral root development. The expression levels of the previously studied pathway genes SmCPS1, SmKSL1, SmCYP76AH1, SmCYP76AH3, and SmCYP76AK1 dramatically increased. In addition, SmMYC2b was proved to exhibit a similar function as other homologs in promoting lateral root development, which increased the tanshinone produced tissue and further enhanced the biosynthesis of tanshinones. RNA-seq assays revealed that SmMYC2b-regulated genes comprised 30.6% (1,901 of 6,210) of JA-responsive genes, confirming that SmMYC2b played a crucial role in transcriptional regulation of JA-regulated genes. Overall, we concluded that SmMYC2b could enhance tanshinone accumulation by activating the tanshinone biosynthetic pathway and promoting lateral root development. Our study provides an effective approach to enhance the production of desired tanshinones and enriches our knowledge of the related regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxian Feng
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zenan Du
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongyou Lv
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonglong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jiao J, Gai QY, Wang X, Liu J, Lu Y, Wang ZY, Xu XJ, Fu YJ. Effective Production of Phenolic Compounds with Health Benefits in Pigeon Pea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Hairy Root Cultures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8350-8361. [PMID: 32672956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds in pigeon pea possess various biological properties beneficial to human health. In this study, pigeon pea hairy root cultures (PPHRCs) were developed as an effective in vitro platform for the production of phenolic compounds. A high-productive hairy root line was screened and characterized, and its culture conditions were optimized in terms of biomass productivity and phenolic yield. The comparative profiling of 10 phenolic compounds in PPHRCs and pigeon pea natural resources (seeds, leaves, and roots) was achieved by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The total phenolic yield in PPHRCs (3278.44 μg/g) was much higher than those in seeds (68.86 μg/g) and roots (846.03 μg/g), and comparable to leaves (3379.49 μg/g). Notably, PPHRCs exhibited superiority in the yield of the most important health-promoting compound cajaninstilbene acid (2996.23 μg/g) against natural resources (4.42-2293.31 μg/g). Overall, PPHRCs could serve as promising potential alternative sources for the production of phenolic compounds with nutraceutical/medicinal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Yan Gai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
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13
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Kwon DY, Kim YB, Kim JK, Park SU. Production of rosmarinic acid and correlated gene expression in hairy root cultures of green and purple basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.). Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:35-43. [PMID: 32687005 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1789990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an active constituent of Ocimum basilicum. It has been shown that hairy root production (measured as dry weight) improves when green basil (O. basilicum "Cinnamon") is cultured under the light. In contrast, purple basil (O. basilicum "Purpurascens") shows greater hairy root production when cultured under dark conditions. The level of gene expression was highest in hairy roots of green basil under dark conditions for up to 1 week. Transcript levels were highest in hairy roots of purple basil under both dark and light conditions after 2 weeks of culturing. After 3 weeks of culture under light conditions, green basil had accumulated 1.9-fold higher RA content than that of purple basil, which in turn was fivefold higher than that of the natural roots (42.86 µg/mg). Tyrosine aminotransferase showed a higher transcript level when compared to the other phenylpropanoid pathway genes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and coenzyme-A ligase) in both dark and light conditions and in all-time regimens. RA accumulation was higher in the cultured hairy roots of green basil than those of purple basil under both light and dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon Bok Kim
- Department of Medicinal and Industrial Crops, Korea National College of Agriculture & Fisheries, Kongjwipatjwi-Ro, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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14
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Seth B, Sahoo KK, Aravind KR, Sahu BB, Singh VR, Patra N. Statistical optimization of bacoside A biosynthesis in plant cell suspension cultures using response surface methodology. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:264. [PMID: 32509497 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro cultures of Bacopa monnieri show poor production of the anti-Alzheimer's drug, bacoside A. Therefore, suitable bioprocess optimization strategy was developed for callus induction from leaf explants (30 days), followed by callus proliferation (15 days). Central Composite Design was implemented to analyze the effect of pH, photoperiod, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentration for maximum biosynthesis of bacoside A using leaf explants as well as callus explants as the inoculum. Using the CCD responses, it was predicted that the best biomass concentration of 4.56 ± 0.53 g/l DW and bacoside A production of 14.04 ± 1.31 mg/g DW can be obtained using 5.4 pH, 18 h/6 h L/D photoperiod regime, and 1.2 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.2 mg/l NAA. The kinetic parameter values for maximum specific growth rate (0.16/day), saturation constant (7.35 g/l), inhibition constant (120 g/l), biomass yield (0.011 g/g), maintenance coefficient (0.02 g/g/day), and growth-associated (0.627 mg/g) and non-growth-associated (1.096 mg/g/day) bacoside A formation constants were determined experimentally in batch cultures using optimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwanath Seth
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - Krishna Kalyani Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - K R Aravind
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - Binod B Sahu
- Department of Life Science, NIT, Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - V R Singh
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226016 India
| | - Nivedita Patra
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela, 769008 India
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15
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Cao DM, Vu PTB, Hoang MTT, Bui AL, Quach PND. Developing a Sufficient Protocol for the Enhancement of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity by Urena lobata L. Aeroponic Hairy Roots Using Exogenous Factors, a Precursor, and an Elicitor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E548. [PMID: 32340249 PMCID: PMC7238967 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aeroponics is considered as a potential method for the culture of herbal plants due to the high growth rate, quantity and quality enhancement of secondary metabolites, and substantial environmental progress associated with this method. The aim of this study was to develop a sufficient protocol for successful Urena lobata hairy root induction by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834, using a precursor and elicitor to enhance α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (GIA) of aeroponic hairy roots (AHRs) in greenhouse conditions. In this study, we found that the optimized procedure (10 min, Woody plant medium (WPM), 1/25 salt strength) had an outstanding effect with a reduction in the rooting time (RT), promotion of the rooting rate (RR), and increase in the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) compared with the original procedure (30 min, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, 1/25 salt strength) after 30 days of culture. The highest DW, GIA, flavonoid (FLA) and phenolic (PHEL) contents were observed for individual addition of 10 mM phenylalanine (PA) or 50 mM chitosan (CS) in the late exponential phase (eighth week) with 15 days of elicitation compared to the control AHRs. However, individual treatment was less effective than the combination of the two. Positive correlations among the GIA, FLA and PHEL indicate that AHRs accumulated phenolic compounds, leading to an increase in the GIA by a synergistic effect. In conclusion, the culture of Urena lobata AHRs with PA and CS is an efficient procedure to produce GIA material in greenhouse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Minh Cao
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Biotransformation, University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam; (D.M.C.); (P.T.B.V.); (M.T.T.H.); (A.L.B.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thi Bach Vu
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Biotransformation, University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam; (D.M.C.); (P.T.B.V.); (M.T.T.H.); (A.L.B.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Thanh Hoang
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Biotransformation, University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam; (D.M.C.); (P.T.B.V.); (M.T.T.H.); (A.L.B.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Lan Bui
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Biotransformation, University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam; (D.M.C.); (P.T.B.V.); (M.T.T.H.); (A.L.B.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Ngo Diem Quach
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Biotransformation, University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam; (D.M.C.); (P.T.B.V.); (M.T.T.H.); (A.L.B.)
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
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16
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Biotechnological advancements in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4811-4835. [PMID: 32303816 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, also known as Madagascar periwinkle or Sadabahar, is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Being a reservoir for more than 200 alkaloids, it reserves a place for itself in the list of important medicinal plants. Secondary metabolites are present in its leaves (e.g., vindoline, vinblastine, catharanthine, and vincristine) as well as basal stem and roots (e.g., ajmalicine, reserpine, serpentine, horhammericine, tabersonine, leurosine, catharanthine, lochnerine, and vindoline). Two of its alkaloids, vincristine and vinblastine (possessing anticancerous properties), are being used copiously in pharmaceutical industries. Till date, arrays of reports are available on in vitro biotechnological improvements of C. roseus. The present review article concentrates chiefly on various biotechnological advancements based on plant tissue culture techniques of the last three decades, for instance, regeneration via direct and indirect organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, secondary metabolite production, synthetic seed production, clonal fidelity assessment, polyploidization, genetic transformation, and nanotechnology. It also portrays the importance of various factors influencing the success of in vitro biotechnological interventions in Catharanthus and further addresses several shortcomings that can be further explored to create a platform for upcoming innovative approaches. KEY POINTS: • C. roseus yields anticancerous vincristine and vinblastine used in pharma industry. •In vitro biotechnological interventions prompted major genetic advancements. • This review provides an insight on in vitro-based research achievements till date. • Key bottlenecks and prospective research methodologies have been identified herein.
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Gutierrez-Valdes N, Häkkinen ST, Lemasson C, Guillet M, Oksman-Caldentey KM, Ritala A, Cardon F. Hairy Root Cultures-A Versatile Tool With Multiple Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:33. [PMID: 32194578 PMCID: PMC7064051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hairy roots derived from the infection of a plant by Rhizobium rhizogenes (previously referred to as Agrobacterium rhizogenes) bacteria, can be obtained from a wide variety of plants and allow the production of highly diverse molecules. Hairy roots are able to produce and secrete complex active glycoproteins from a large spectrum of organisms. They are also adequate to express plant natural biosynthesis pathways required to produce specialized metabolites and can benefit from the new genetic tools available to facilitate an optimized production of tailor-made molecules. This adaptability has positioned hairy root platforms as major biotechnological tools. Researchers and industries have contributed to their advancement, which represents new alternatives from classical systems to produce complex molecules. Now these expression systems are ready to be used by different industries like pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food sectors due to the development of fully controlled large-scale bioreactors. This review aims to describe the evolution of hairy root generation and culture methods and to highlight the possibilities offered by hairy roots in terms of feasibility and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anneli Ritala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland
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18
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Desmet S, De Keyser E, Van Vaerenbergh J, Baeyen S, Van Huylenbroeck J, Geelen D, Dhooghe E. Differential efficiency of wild type rhizogenic strains for rol gene transformation of plants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6657-6672. [PMID: 31273398 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Rhizogenic agrobacteria induce extensive root proliferation, in several economically valuable, dicotyledonous plant species, a phenomenon referred to as "hairy roots." Besides their pathogenic nature, agrobacteria have proven to be a valuable asset in biotechnology and molecular plant breeding. To assess the potential of frequently used rhizogenic strains, growth in yeast extract glucose broth and antibiotic resistance was analyzed. Growth curves were established for Arqua1, NCPPB2659, LMG150, LMG152, and ATCC15834; and regression analysis of the exponential growth phase resulted in a reliable and standardized method for preparation of a bacterial suspension for inoculation. Cell density did not correlate with the timing of hairy root emergence. The highest number of hairy roots was obtained with an inoculum of 1 × 108 CFU ml-1 for Arqua1, NCPPB2659, and LMG152. Cell density of ATCC15834 did not affect the number of hairy roots formed. The identity of the rhizogenic strains for plant transformation was verified in phylogenetic analysis using average nucleotide identity (ANI), which also provided insight in their genetic diversity within the Rhizobium taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siel Desmet
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium. .,Department Plant and Crop, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ellen De Keyser
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Vaerenbergh
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Steve Baeyen
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Huylenbroeck
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department Plant and Crop, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmy Dhooghe
- Flanders Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090, Melle, Belgium
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19
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Zhang N, Wright T, Wang X, Karki U, Savary BJ, Xu J. Engineering 'designer' glycomodules for boosting recombinant protein secretion in tobacco hairy root culture and studying hydroxyproline-O-glycosylation process in plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1130-1141. [PMID: 30467956 PMCID: PMC6523594 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The key technical bottleneck for exploiting plant hairy root cultures as a robust bioproduction platform for therapeutic proteins has been low protein productivity, particularly low secreted protein yields. To address this, we engineered novel hydroxyproline (Hyp)-O-glycosylated peptides (HypGPs) into tobacco hairy roots to boost the extracellular secretion of fused proteins and to elucidate Hyp-O-glycosylation process of plant cell wall Hyp-rich glycoproteins. HypGPs representing two major types of cell wall glycoproteins were examined: an extensin module consisting of 18 tandem repeats of 'Ser-Hyp-Hyp-Hyp-Hyp' motif or (SP4)18 and an arabinogalactan protein module consisting of 32 tandem repeats of 'Ser-Hyp' motif or (SP)32 . Each module was expressed in tobacco hairy roots as a fusion to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP). Hairy root cultures engineered with a HypGP module secreted up to 56-fold greater levels of EGFP, compared with an EGFP control lacking any HypGP module, supporting the function of HypGP modules as a molecular carrier in promoting efficient transport of fused proteins into the culture media. The engineered (SP4)18 and (SP)32 modules underwent Hyp-O-glycosylation with arabino-oligosaccharides and arabinogalactan polysaccharides, respectively, which were essential in facilitating secretion of the fused EGFP protein. Distinct non-Hyp-O-glycosylated (SP4)18 -EGFP and (SP)32 -EGFP intermediates were consistently accumulated within the root tissues, indicating a rate-limiting trafficking and/or glycosylation of the engineered HypGP modules. An updated model depicting the intracellular trafficking, Hyp-O-glycosylation and extracellular secretion of extensin-styled (SP4)18 module and AGP-styled (SP)32 module is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Tristen Wright
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Uddhab Karki
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Brett J. Savary
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
- College of Agriculture and TechnologyArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas Biosciences InstituteArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
- College of Agriculture and TechnologyArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
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20
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Cardon F, Pallisse R, Bardor M, Caron A, Vanier J, Ele Ekouna JP, Lerouge P, Boitel‐Conti M, Guillet M. Brassica rapa hairy root based expression system leads to the production of highly homogenous and reproducible profiles of recombinant human alpha-L-iduronidase. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:505-516. [PMID: 30058762 PMCID: PMC6335068 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Brassica rapa hairy root based expression platform, a turnip hairy root based expression system, is able to produce human complex glycoproteins such as the alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) with an activity similar to the one produced by Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. In this article, a particular attention has been paid to the N- and O-glycosylation that characterize the alpha-L-iduronidase produced using this hairy root based system. This analysis showed that the recombinant protein is characterized by highly homogeneous post translational profiles enabling a strong batch to batch reproducibility. Indeed, on each of the 6 N-glycosylation sites of the IDUA, a single N-glycan composed of a core Man3 GlcNAc2 carrying one beta(1,2)-xylose and one alpha(1,3)-fucose epitope (M3XFGN2) was identified, highlighting the high homogeneity of the production system. Hydroxylation of proline residues and arabinosylation were identified during O-glycosylation analysis, still with a remarkable reproducibility. This platform is thus positioned as an effective and consistent expression system for the production of human complex therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muriel Bardor
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
- Institut Universitaire de France (I.U.F.)Paris Cedex 05France
| | | | - Jessica Vanier
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Jean Pierre Ele Ekouna
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Michèle Boitel‐Conti
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
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21
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Wei T, Gao Y, Deng K, Zhang L, Yang M, Liu X, Qi C, Wang C, Song W, Zhang Y, Chen C. Enhancement of tanshinone production in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures by metabolic engineering. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:53. [PMID: 31143241 PMCID: PMC6532201 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tanshinones are diterpenoid compounds that are used to treat cardiovascular diseases. As current extraction methods for tanshinones are inefficient, there is a pressing need to improve the production of these bioactive compounds to meet increasing demand. RESULTS Overexpression of SmMDS (2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, a tanshinone biosynthesis gene) in transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots significantly increased the tanshinone yield compared to the control, and total tanshinone content in SmMDS-overexpressing lines increased after elicitor treatment. Total tanshinones increased to 2.5, 2.3, and 3.2 mg/g DW (dry weight) following treatment with Ag+, YE (yeast extract), and MJ (methyl jasmonate), respectively, compared with the non-induced transgenic line (1.7 mg/g DW). Also, qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of two pathway genes was positively correlated with increased accumulation of tanshinone. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides an effective strategy for increasing the content of tanshinones and other natural compounds using a combination of genetic engineering and elicitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopei Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiyan Qi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People’s Republic of China
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Parsons JL, Cameron SI, Harris CS, Smith ML. Echinacea biotechnology: advances, commercialization and future considerations. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:485-494. [PMID: 30303034 PMCID: PMC6179083 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1501583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Plants of the genus Echinacea (Asteraceae) are among the most popular herbal supplements on the market today. Recent studies indicate there are potential new applications and emerging markets for this natural health product (NHP). OBJECTIVE This review aims to synthesize recent developments in Echinacea biotechnology and to identify promising applications for these advances in the industry. METHODS A comprehensive survey of peer-reviewed publications was carried out, focusing on Echinacea biotechnology and impacts on phytochemistry. This article primarily covers research findings since 2007 and builds on earlier reviews on the biotechnology of Echinacea. RESULTS Bioreactors, genetic engineering and controlled biotic or abiotic elicitation have the potential to significantly improve the yield, consistency and overall quality of Echinacea products. Using these technologies, a variety of new applications for Echinacea can be realized, such as the use of seed oil and antimicrobial and immune boosting feed additives for livestock. CONCLUSIONS New applications can take advantage of the well-established popularity of Echinacea as a NHP. Echinacea presents a myriad of potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and antibiotic activities that have yet to be fully translated into new applications. The distinct chemistry and bioactivity of different Echinacea species and organs, moreover, can lead to interesting and diverse commercial opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Parsons
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stewart I. Cameron
- Wood Science and Technology Centre, Hugh John Flemming Forestry Centre, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Cory S. Harris
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Myron L. Smith
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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23
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Huang P, Xia L, Liu W, Jiang R, Liu X, Tang Q, Xu M, Yu L, Tang Z, Zeng J. Hairy root induction and benzylisoquinoline alkaloid production in Macleaya cordata. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11986. [PMID: 30097605 PMCID: PMC6086913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine is currently widely used to replace antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeding and has demonstrated useful anticancer activity. Currently, the main source of sanguinarine is from an important medicinal plant, Macleaya cordata. To obtain a new source of sanguinarine production, we established hairy root cultures of M. cordata by co-cultivating leaf and stem explants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Except the co-cultivation medium, all growth media contained 200 mg/L timentin to eliminate A. rhizogenes. Through comparing the metabolic profiles and gene expression of hairy roots and wild-type roots sampled at five time points, we found that the sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine contents of hairy roots were far higher than those of wild-type roots, and we revealed the molecular mechanism that causes these metabolites to increase. Consequently, this study demonstrated that the hairy root system has further potential for bioengineering and sustainable production of sanguinarine on a commercial scale. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first efficient protocol reported for the establishment of hairy root cultures in M. cordata using A. rhizogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Liqiong Xia
- School of pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- Center of Analytic Service, Hunan Agriculture University, 410208, Changsha, China
| | - Ruolan Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Xiubin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- Center of Analytic Service, Hunan Agriculture University, 410208, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Min Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Linlan Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | | | - Jianguo Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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24
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Huang P, Xia L, Liu W, Jiang R, Liu X, Tang Q, Xu M, Yu L, Tang Z, Zeng J. Hairy root induction and benzylisoquinoline alkaloid production in Macleaya cordata. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 30097605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30560-30560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine is currently widely used to replace antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeding and has demonstrated useful anticancer activity. Currently, the main source of sanguinarine is from an important medicinal plant, Macleaya cordata. To obtain a new source of sanguinarine production, we established hairy root cultures of M. cordata by co-cultivating leaf and stem explants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Except the co-cultivation medium, all growth media contained 200 mg/L timentin to eliminate A. rhizogenes. Through comparing the metabolic profiles and gene expression of hairy roots and wild-type roots sampled at five time points, we found that the sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine contents of hairy roots were far higher than those of wild-type roots, and we revealed the molecular mechanism that causes these metabolites to increase. Consequently, this study demonstrated that the hairy root system has further potential for bioengineering and sustainable production of sanguinarine on a commercial scale. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first efficient protocol reported for the establishment of hairy root cultures in M. cordata using A. rhizogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Liqiong Xia
- School of pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- Center of Analytic Service, Hunan Agriculture University, 410208, Changsha, China
| | - Ruolan Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Xiubin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- Center of Analytic Service, Hunan Agriculture University, 410208, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Min Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Linlan Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | | | - Jianguo Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
- National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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Matvieieva N, Shutava H, Shysh S, Drobot K, Ratushnyak Y, Duplij V. Alterations in the Antioxidant Status of Transgenic Roots of Artemisia spp. Representatives after A. rhizogenes-Mediated Genetic Transformation. CYTOL GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452718040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Espinosa-Leal CA, Puente-Garza CA, García-Lara S. In vitro plant tissue culture: means for production of biological active compounds. PLANTA 2018; 248:1-18. [PMID: 29736623 PMCID: PMC7088179 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Plant tissue culture as an important tool for the continuous production of active compounds including secondary metabolites and engineered molecules. Novel methods (gene editing, abiotic stress) can improve the technique. Humans have a long history of reliance on plants for a supply of food, shelter and, most importantly, medicine. Current-day pharmaceuticals are typically based on plant-derived metabolites, with new products being discovered constantly. Nevertheless, the consistent and uniform supply of plant pharmaceuticals has often been compromised. One alternative for the production of important plant active compounds is in vitro plant tissue culture, as it assures independence from geographical conditions by eliminating the need to rely on wild plants. Plant transformation also allows the further use of plants for the production of engineered compounds, such as vaccines and multiple pharmaceuticals. This review summarizes the important bioactive compounds currently produced by plant tissue culture and the fundamental methods and plants employed for their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Espinosa-Leal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - César A Puente-Garza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Silverio García-Lara
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849, Monterrey, NL, México.
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Abstract
Plant molecular farming depends on a diversity of plant systems for production of useful recombinant proteins. These proteins include protein biopolymers, industrial proteins and enzymes, and therapeutic proteins. Plant production systems include microalgae, cells, hairy roots, moss, and whole plants with both stable and transient expression. Production processes involve a narrowing diversity of bioreactors for cell, hairy root, microalgae, and moss cultivation. For whole plants, both field and automated greenhouse cultivation methods are used with products expressed and produced either in leaves or seeds. Many successful expression systems now exist for a variety of different products with a list of increasingly successful commercialized products. This chapter provides an overview and examples of the current state of plant-based production systems for different types of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Bley
- Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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28
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Majumder A, Ray S, Jha S. Hairy Roots and Phytoremediation. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54600-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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29
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Park CH, Zhao S, Yeo HJ, Park YE, Baska TB, Arasu MV, Al-Dhabi NA, Park SU. Comparison of Different Strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes for Hairy Root Induction and Betulin and Betulinic Acid Production in Morus alba. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains were tested for their ability to transform the plant Morus alba L. and to induce production of the secondary metabolites betulin and betulinic acid. All the tested strains of A. rhizogenes (R1601, LBA9402 and R1000) were able to induce hairy root formation in leaf tissue explants. Strain LBA9402 had the highest rate of infection (92.7% ± 8.8%), whereas strain R1601 had the lowest rate (87.4% ± 9.3%). The highest number of hairy roots per explant (5.6 ± 0.5) and the greatest root length (2.4 ± 0.2 mm) were obtained with strain LBA9402. We also evaluated dry weight (a measure of growth) and betulin and betulinic acid production in hairy roots and found that the highest growth (167.8 ± 14.5 mg/flask) occurred after infection with strain LBA9402. Furthermore the highest production of betulin (5.4 ± 0.4 mg/g dry weight) and betulinic acid (2.3 ± 0.2 mg/g dry weight) was noted using strain LBA9402. Among three elicitors, yeast extract showed the highest induction of betulin production (8.7 ± 0.4 mg/g) and silver nitrate induced the highest yield of betulinic acid (4.1 ± 0.2 mg/g). Our study showed that A. rhizogenes strain LBA9402 was the most effective of the three tested strains for production of transformed root cultures and betulin and betulinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ha Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Shicheng Zhao
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Ye Eun Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Thanislas Bastin Baska
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
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30
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Miklaszewska M, Banaś A, Królicka A. Metabolic engineering of fatty alcohol production in transgenic hairy roots of Crambe abyssinica. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:1275-1282. [PMID: 27943249 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biotechnological production of fatty alcohols, important raw materials in the chemical industry, has been receiving considerable attention in recent years. Fatty alcohols are formed by the reduction of fatty acyl-CoAs or fatty acyl-ACPs catalyzed by a fatty acyl reductase (FAR). In this study, we introduced genes encoding FARs from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtFAR5) and Simmondsia chinensis (ScFAR) into Crambe abyssinica hairy roots via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. The efficiency of the transformation ranged between 30 and 45%. The fatty alcohols were only detected in the transgenic hairy root lines expressing ScFAR gene. In all tested lines stearyl alcohol (18:0-OH), arachidyl alcohol (20:0-OH), and behenyl alcohol (22:0-OH) were produced. The content of 18:0-OH varied from 1 to 3% of total fatty acids and fatty alcohols, while the amount of either 20:0-OH and 22:0-OH did not exceed 2%. The transgenic hairy root lines produced from 0.98 to 2.59 nmol of fatty alcohols per mg of dry weight. Very low activity of ScFAR was detected in the microsomal fractions isolated from the selected hairy root lines. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the fatty alcohol production in the hairy root cultures. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1275-1282. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Miklaszewska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Antoni Banaś
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Abrahama, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Królicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Abrahama, Gdańsk, Poland
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Yin J, Wang L, Huang Y, Mu Y, Lv S. Authentication of Panax ginseng from different regions. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation of gene expressions of HMGR and DS with total ginsenoside content was significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxin Yin
- College of Life Science
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
- Engineering of the Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130000
| | - Liwu Wang
- College of Life Science
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
- Engineering of the Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130000
| | - Yi Huang
- College of Life Science
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
- Engineering of the Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130000
| | - Ying Mu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310000
| | - Shaowu Lv
- College of Life Science
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology
- Engineering of the Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130000
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Rawat JM, Rawat B, Mishra S, Bhandari A, Agnihotri RK, Chandra A. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Influence of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, acitosyringone, inoculum size and temperature on production of active ingredients from Picrorhiza kurrooa. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 22:423. [PMID: 27729729 PMCID: PMC5039148 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janhvi Mishra Rawat
- Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, -248006 India
- Society for the Conservation of Nature, Parnkuti Anantpur, University Road, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh 486 002 India
| | - Balwant Rawat
- Society for the Conservation of Nature, Parnkuti Anantpur, University Road, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh 486 002 India
- Forest Ecology and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 006 India
| | - Susmita Mishra
- Society for the Conservation of Nature, Parnkuti Anantpur, University Road, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh 486 002 India
| | - Aakriti Bhandari
- Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, -248006 India
| | | | - Anup Chandra
- Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, -248006 India
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Srivastava M, Sharma S, Misra P. Elicitation Based Enhancement of Secondary Metabolites in Rauwolfia serpentina and Solanum khasianum Hairy Root Cultures. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S315-20. [PMID: 27563218 PMCID: PMC4971950 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.185726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rauwolfia serpentina and Solanum khasianum are well-known medicinally important plants contained important alkaloids in their different parts. Elicitation of these alkaloids is important because of associated pharmaceutical properties. Targeted metabolites were ajmaline and ajmalicine in R. serpentina; solasodine and α-solanine in S. khasianum. OBJECTIVE Enhancement of secondary metabolites through biotic and abiotic elicitors in hairy root cultures of R. serpentina and S. khasianum. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this report, hairy root cultures of these two plants were established through Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation by optimizing various parameters as age of explants, duration of preculture, and co-cultivation period. NaCl was used as abiotic elicitors in these two plants. Cellulase from Aspergillus niger was used as biotic elicitor in S. khasianum and mannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used in R. serpentina. RESULTS First time we have reported the effect of biotic and abiotic elicitors on the production of important metabolites in hairy root cultures of these two plants. Ajmalicine production was stimulated up to 14.8-fold at 100 mM concentration of NaCl after 1 week of treatment. Ajmaline concentration was also increased 2.9-fold at 100 mg/l dose of mannan after 1 week. Solasodine content was enhanced up to 4.0-fold and 3.6-fold at 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl, respectively, after 6 days of treatments. CONCLUSION This study explored the potential of the elicitation strategy in A. rhizogenes transformed cell cultures and this potential further used for commercial production of these pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. SUMMARY Hairy roots of Rauwolfia serpentina were subjected to salt (abiotic stress) and mannan (biotic stress) treatment for 1 week. Ajmaline and ajmalicine secondary metabolites were quantified before and after stress treatmentAjmalicine yield was enhanced up to 14.8-fold at 100 mM concentration of NaCl. Ajmaline content was also stimulated 2.9-fold at 100 mg/l dose of mannan after 1 weekHairy roots of Solanum khasianum were treated with cellulase (biotic elicitor) and salt (abiotic stress)Solasodine content was improved up to 4.0-fold and 3.6-fold at 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl, respectively, after 6.days of treatmentsThe α-solanine content increased to 1.6-fold after 24 h of treatment at 100 μg/mL cellulase concentration. Abbreviations used: MS medium: Murashige and Skoog medium, B5 medium: Gamborg B5 medium, OD: Optical Density, NaCl: Sodium Chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Srivastava
- Tissue Culture and Transformation Lab, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratibha Misra
- Tissue Culture and Transformation Lab, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang N, Gonzalez M, Savary B, Xu J. High-yield secretion of recombinant proteins expressed in tobacco cell culture with a designer glycopeptide tag: Process development. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:497-506. [PMID: 26627201 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Low-yield protein production remains the most significant economic hurdle with plant cell culture technology. Fusions of recombinant proteins with hydroxyproline-O-glycosylated designer glycopeptide tags have consistently boosted secreted protein yields. This prompted us to study the process development of this technology aiming to achieve productivity levels necessary for commercial viability. We used a tobacco BY-2 cell culture expressing EGFP as fusion with a glycopeptide tag comprised of 32 repeat of "Ser-Pro" dipeptide, or (SP)32 , to study cell growth and protein secretion, culture scale-up, and establishment of perfusion cultures for continuous production. The BY-2 cells accumulated low levels of cell biomass (~7.5 g DW/L) in Schenk & Hildebrandt medium, but secreted high yields of (SP)32 -tagged EGFP (125 mg/L). Protein productivity of the cell culture has been stable for 6.0 years. The BY-2 cells cultured in a 5-L bioreactor similarly produced high secreted protein yield at 131 mg/L. Successful operation of a cell perfusion culture for 30 days was achieved under the perfusion rate of 0.25 and 0.5 day(-1) , generating a protein volumetric productivity of 17.6 and 28.9 mg/day/L, respectively. This research demonstrates the great potential of the designer glycopeptide technology for use in commercial production of valuable proteins with plant cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA
| | - Maria Gonzalez
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA
| | - Brett Savary
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA
- College of Agriculture and Technology, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA.
- College of Agriculture and Technology, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, USA.
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Huang X, Yao J, Zhao Y, Xie D, Jiang X, Xu Z. Efficient Rutin and Quercetin Biosynthesis through Flavonoids-Related Gene Expression in Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. Hairy Root Cultures with UV-B Irradiation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:63. [PMID: 26870075 PMCID: PMC4740399 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Transformed hairy roots had been efficiently induced from the seedlings of Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. due to the infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Hairy roots were able to display active elongation with high root branching in 1/2 MS medium without growth regulators. The stable introduction of rolB and aux1 genes of A. rhizogenes WT strain 15834 into F. tataricum plants was confirmed by PCR analysis. Besides, the absence of virD gene confirmed hairy root was bacteria-free. After six different media and different sources of concentration were tested, the culturing of TB7 hairy root line in 1/2 MS liquid medium supplemented with 30 g l(-1) sucrose for 20 days resulted in a maximal biomass accumulation (13.5 g l(-1) fresh weight, 1.78 g l(-1) dry weight) and rutin content (0.85 mg g(-1)). The suspension culture of hairy roots led to a 45-fold biomass increase and a 4.11-fold rutin content increase in comparison with the suspension culture of non-transformed roots. The transformation frequency was enhanced through preculturing for 2 days followed by infection for 20 min. The UV-B stress treatment of hairy roots resulted in a striking increase of rutin and quercetin production. Furthermore, the hairy root lines of TB3, TB7, and TB28 were chosen to study the specific effects of UV-B on flavonoid accumulation and flavonoid biosynthetic gene expression by qRT-PCR. This study has demonstrated that the UV-B radiation was an effective elicitor that dramatically changed in the transcript abundance of ftpAL, FtCHI, FtCHS, FtF3H, and FtFLS-1 in F. tataricum hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ziqin Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest UniversityXi’an, China
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Li B, Wang B, Li H, Peng L, Ru M, Liang Z, Yan X, Zhu Y. Establishment of Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. hairy root cultures and the promotion of tanshinone accumulation and gene expression with Ag⁺, methyl jasmonate, and yeast extract elicitation. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:87-100. [PMID: 25783026 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. is an endemic medicinal plant distributed in China, and the notably high content of tanshinone IIA in the root is proven effective for the therapy of heart diseases. Hairy root induction of this Salvia species was inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 15834. Transformed hairy root was cultured in 6,7-V liquid medium for growth kinetics assessment and elicitation. An S curve was present in the hairy root cultures based on the fresh and dry weights with an interval of 3 days. An optimum concentration of the applied elicitors (15 μM Ag(+), 200 μM methyl jasmonate, and 200 mg l(-1) yeast extract elicitor) benefitted both the growth status and tanshinone accumulation in the hairy root cultures. Tanshinone IIA contents were mostly stimulated 1.8-fold and 1.99-fold compared with the control by Ag(+) and methyl jasmonate elicitation, respectively. Yeast extract dramatically enhanced dry mass accumulation, while it promoted cryptotanshinone content of 2.84 ± 0.33 mg g(-1) dry weight at most in the hairy root cultures. Selected elicitors diversely influenced tanshinone accumulation in the time courses of hairy root cultures within 7 days. Furthermore, transcripts of selected genes in the tanshinone biosynthetic pathway were remarkably upregulated with elicitation. Yeast extract elicitor heightened 13.9-fold of isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase expression level at 12 h, while it increased 16.7-fold of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase transcript at 24 h compared with that of the control, which was more effective than Ag(+) and methyl jasmonate. This study provided a convenient hairy root culture system of S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. for tanshinone production for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China
- Hanzhong Institute of Botany, 723000, Hanzhong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712046, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Ru
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xijun Yan
- Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., 300410, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., 300410, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Atanasov AG, Waltenberger B, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Linder T, Wawrosch C, Uhrin P, Temml V, Wang L, Schwaiger S, Heiss EH, Rollinger JM, Schuster D, Breuss JM, Bochkov V, Mihovilovic MD, Kopp B, Bauer R, Dirsch VM, Stuppner H. Discovery and resupply of pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1582-1614. [PMID: 26281720 PMCID: PMC4748402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1312] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have historically proven their value as a source of molecules with therapeutic potential, and nowadays still represent an important pool for the identification of novel drug leads. In the past decades, pharmaceutical industry focused mainly on libraries of synthetic compounds as drug discovery source. They are comparably easy to produce and resupply, and demonstrate good compatibility with established high throughput screening (HTS) platforms. However, at the same time there has been a declining trend in the number of new drugs reaching the market, raising renewed scientific interest in drug discovery from natural sources, despite of its known challenges. In this survey, a brief outline of historical development is provided together with a comprehensive overview of used approaches and recent developments relevant to plant-derived natural product drug discovery. Associated challenges and major strengths of natural product-based drug discovery are critically discussed. A snapshot of the advanced plant-derived natural products that are currently in actively recruiting clinical trials is also presented. Importantly, the transition of a natural compound from a "screening hit" through a "drug lead" to a "marketed drug" is associated with increasingly challenging demands for compound amount, which often cannot be met by re-isolation from the respective plant sources. In this regard, existing alternatives for resupply are also discussed, including different biotechnology approaches and total organic synthesis. While the intrinsic complexity of natural product-based drug discovery necessitates highly integrated interdisciplinary approaches, the reviewed scientific developments, recent technological advances, and research trends clearly indicate that natural products will be among the most important sources of new drugs also in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Linder
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wawrosch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M. Rollinger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes M. Breuss
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marko D. Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-OC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4/I, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Mehrotra S, Srivastava V, Ur Rahman L, Kukreja AK. Hairy root biotechnology--indicative timeline to understand missing links and future outlook. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1189-201. [PMID: 25626898 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy roots (HR) were developed in the laboratory to mimic the natural phenomenon of bacterial gene transfer and occurrence of disease syndrome. The timeline analysis revealed that during 90 s, the research expanded to the hairy root-based secondary metabolite production and different yield enhancement strategies like media optimization, up-scaling, metabolic engineering etc. An outlook indicates that much emphasis has been given to the strategies that are helpful in making this technology more practical in terms of high productivity at low cost. However, a sequential analysis of literature shows that this technique is upgraded to a biotechnology platform where different intra- and interdisciplinary work areas were established, progressed, and diverged to provide scientific benefits of various hairy root-based applications like phytoremediation, molecular farming, biotransformation, etc. In the present scenario, this biotechnology research platform includes (a) elemental research like hairy root-mediated secondary metabolite production coupled with productivity enhancement strategies and (b) HR-based functional research. The latter comprised of hairy root-based applied aspects such as generation of agro-economical traits in plants, production of high value as well as less hazardous molecules through biotransformation/farming and remediation, respectively. This review presents an indicative timeline portrayal of hairy root research reflected by a chronology of research outputs. The timeline also reveals a progressive trend in the state-of-art global advances in hairy root biotechnology. Furthermore, the review also discusses ideas to explore missing links and to deal with the challenges in future progression and prospects of research in all related fields of this important area of plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Mehrotra
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, PO: CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015, India,
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Tian L. Using Hairy Roots for Production of Valuable Plant Secondary Metabolites. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 149:275-324. [PMID: 25583225 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a wide variety of natural products, which are traditionally termed secondary metabolites and, more recently, coined specialized metabolites. While these chemical compounds are employed by plants for interactions with their environment, humans have long since explored and exploited plant secondary metabolites for medicinal and practical uses. Due to the tissue-specific and low-abundance accumulation of these metabolites, alternative means of production in systems other than intact plants are sought after. To this end, hairy root culture presents an excellent platform for producing valuable secondary metabolites. This chapter will focus on several major groups of secondary metabolites that are manufactured by hairy roots established from different plant species. Additionally, the methods for preservations of hairy roots will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
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Verma PC, Singh H, Negi AS, Saxena G, Rahman LU, Banerjee S. Yield enhancement strategies for the production of picroliv from hairy root culture of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1023976. [PMID: 26039483 PMCID: PMC4622709 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1023976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fast-growing hairy root cultures of Picrorhiza kurroa induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes offers a potential production system for iridoid glycosides. In present study we have investigated the effects of various nutrient medium formulations viz B5, MS, WP and NN, and sucrose concentrations (1-8%) on the biomass and glycoside production of selected clone (14-P) of P. kurroa hairy root. Full strength B5 medium was found to be most suitable for maximum biomass yield on the 40th day of culture (GI = 32.72 ± 0.44) followed by the NN medium of the same strength (GI = 22.9 ± 0.43). Secondary metabolite production was 1.1 and 1.3 times higher in half strength B5 medium respectively in comparison to MS medium. Maximum biomass accumulation along with the maximum picroliv content was achieved with 4% sucrose concentration in basal medium. RT vitamin and Thiamine-HCl effected the growth and secondary metabolite production of hairy roots growing on MS medium but did not show any effect on other media. The pH of the medium played significant role in growth and secondary metabolite production and was found to be highest at pH 6.0 while lowest at pH 3.0 and pH 8.0. To enhance the production of biomass and Picroliv 5 liter working capacity bioreactor was used, 27-fold (324 g FW) higher growth was observed in bioreactor than shake flask and secondary metabolite production was similarly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Chandra Verma
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Rana Pratap Marg; Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Harpal Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Rana Pratap Marg; Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Arvind Singh Negi
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Kukrail Picnic Spot Road; Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany; University of Lucknow; Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Laiq-ur Rahman
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Kukrail Picnic Spot Road; Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Suchitra Banerjee
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Kukrail Picnic Spot Road; Lucknow, UP, India
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Jiao J, Gai QY, Fu YJ, Ma W, Peng X, Tan SN, Efferth T. Efficient production of isoflavonoids by Astragalus membranaceus hairy root cultures and evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:12649-12658. [PMID: 25483292 DOI: 10.1021/jf503839m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Astragalus membranaceus hairy root cultures (AMHRCs) were established as an attractive alternative source for the efficient production of isoflavonoids (IF). A. membranaceus hairy root line II was screened as the most efficient line and was confirmed by PCR amplification of rolB, rolC and aux1 genes. Culture parameters of AMHRCs were systematically optimized, and five main IF constituents were quali-quantitatively determined by LC-MS/MS. Under optimal conditions, the total IF accumulation of 34 day old AMHRCs was 234.77 μg/g dry weight (DW). This yield was significantly higher compared to that of 3 year old field grown roots (187.38 μg/g DW). Additionally, in vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated that AMHRC extracts exhibited antioxidant activities with lower IC50 values (1.40 and 1.73 mg/mL) as compared to those of field grown roots (1.96 and 2.17 mg/mL). Overall, AMHRCs may offer a promising and continuous product platform for naturally derived, high quality and valuable nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding and §Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, People's Republic of China
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Nayak P, Sharma M, Behera SN, Thirunavoukkarasu M, Chand PK. High-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of plumbagin from transformed rhizoclones of Plumbago zeylanica L.: inter-clonal variation in biomass growth and plumbagin production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1745-70. [PMID: 25424284 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An optimized protocol for induction and establishment of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures of Plumbago zeylanica L. was developed through selection of suitable explant type and the bacterial strain. The infection of internodal explants from an in vivo plant and leaves of in vitro origin with the A4 strain resulted in the emergence of hairy roots at a transformation frequency of 86.33 and 42.33 %, respectively. Independent transformed root somaclones (rhizoclones) capable of sustained growth were maintained under a low illumination in auxin-free agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium through subcultures at periodic intervals. The presence of pRi T L-DNA rolB or rolC genes and pRi T R-DNA mas2 gene in the transformed rhizoclone genome was ascertained by PCR amplification. Concentrations and type of carbon source, auxin and media strength were optimized for root biomass growth. Five independent rhizoclones each from A4- and LBA9402-transformed root lines were studied for their plumbagin accumulation at different growth phases, using HPLC analysis. The potential for plumbagin biosynthesis was expressed in all the tested rhizoclones, although distinct inter-clonal variations were noted. It was evident that maturation of hairy roots was more important for plumbagin accumulation; slow-growing and early-maturing rhizoclones accumulated more plumbagin compared to fast-growing and late-maturing rhizoclones. A4-induced rhizoclone HRA2B5 was identified as the most superior clone with a higher plumbagin yield potential in comparison with other tested hairy root clones, in vitro-grown non-transformed roots and in vivo roots of naturally occurring P. zeylanica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranati Nayak
- Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Facility, Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
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Thwe AA, Kim Y, Li X, Kim YB, Park NI, Kim HH, Kim SJ, Park SU. Accumulation of phenylpropanoids and correlated gene expression in hairy roots of tartary buckwheat under light and dark conditions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:2537-47. [PMID: 25194705 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Differential expression patterns of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes in the hairy roots of tartary buckwheat cultivars "Hokkai T8" and "Hokkai T10" were studied over a time course of the light-dark cycle. The Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation system was applied for inducing hairy roots. Further, a total of six phenolic compounds and two anthocyanins were analyzed in the hairy roots which were exposed to both light and dark conditions, and their amounts were estimated by HPLC. The gene expression levels peaked on day 5 of culture during the time course of both dark and light conditions. Notably, FtPAL, Ft4CL, FtC4H, FtCHI, FtF3H, FtF3'H-1, and FtFLS-1 were more highly expressed in Hokkai T10 than in Hokkai T8 under dark conditions, among which FtPAL and FtCHI were found to be significantly upregulated, except on day 20 of culture. Significantly higher levels of phenolic compound, rutin, along with two anthocyanins were detected in the hairy roots of Hokkai T10 under both conditions. Furthermore, among all the phenolic compounds detected, the amount of rutin in Hokkai T10 hairy roots was found to be ∼5-fold (59,01 mg/g dry weight) higher than that in the control (12.45 mg/g dry weight) at the respective time periods under light and dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Aye Thwe
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea,
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Onrubia M, Pollier J, Vanden Bossche R, Goethals M, Gevaert K, Moyano E, Vidal-Limon H, Cusidó RM, Palazón J, Goossens A. Taximin, a conserved plant-specific peptide is involved in the modulation of plant-specialized metabolism. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:971-83. [PMID: 24852175 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Small peptides play important roles in the signalling cascades that steer plant growth, development and defence, and often crosstalk with hormonal signalling. Thereby, they also modulate metabolism, including the production of bioactive molecules that are of high interest for human applications. Yew species (Taxus spp.) produce diterpenes such as the powerful anticancer agent paclitaxel, the biosynthesis of which can be stimulated by the hormone jasmonate, both in whole plants and cell suspension cultures. Here, we identified Taximin, as a gene encoding a hitherto unreported, plant-specific, small, cysteine-rich signalling peptide, through a transcriptome survey of jasmonate-elicited T. baccata suspension cells grown in two-media cultures. Taximin expression increased in a coordinated manner with that of paclitaxel biosynthesis genes. Tagged Taximin peptides were shown to enter the secretory system and localize to the plasma membrane. In agreement with this, the exogenous application of synthetic Taximin peptide variants could transiently modulate the biosynthesis of taxanes in T. baccata cell suspension cultures. Importantly, the Taximin peptide is widely conserved in the higher plant kingdom with a high degree of sequence conservation. Accordingly, Taximin overexpression could stimulate the production of nicotinic alkaloids in Nicotiana tabacum hairy root cultures in a synergistic manner with jasmonates. In contrast, no pronounced effects of Taximin overexpression on the specialized metabolism in Medicago truncatula roots were observed. This study increases our understanding of the regulation of Taxus diterpene biosynthesis in particular and plant metabolism in general. Ultimately, Taximin might increase the practical potential of metabolic engineering of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Onrubia
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Enhanced production of valerenic acid in hairy root culture of Valeriana officinalis by elicitation. Open Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-014-0320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractValerenic acid (VA) is a pharmacologically-active sesquiterpene found in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L., Valerianaceae) roots and rhizomes. The plant produces only small amounts of this metabolite naturally. So, induction of hairy roots as well as elicitation can be useful to increase its commercial production. In this study, Wild-type strain ‘A13’ of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was used to induce hairy roots in valerian. The influence of three different elicitors including Fusarium graminearum extract (FE), methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) on VA production in the selected hairy root line ‘LeVa-C4’ was also investigated. The 23-day-old cultures were treated with different concentrations of the elicitors at exposure time of 3 and 7 days. FE (1%) and MJ (100 µM L−1) highly promoted VA production at 7 days after elicitation, to a level of 12.31- and 6-fold higher than that of non-elicited controls, respectively, and FE did not exert any negative effects on biomass yield of hairy root. SA did not significantly increase the production of VA. This is the first time study to assess the elicitation of hairy root cultures to promote VA biosynthesis in valerian and the resulting experiments demonstrated that F. graminearum extract and MJ were indeed a potent inducer of VA biosynthesis.
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Abstract
Synthetic biology is a relatively new field with the key aim of designing and constructing biological systems with novel functionalities. Today, synthetic biology devices are making their first steps in contributing new solutions to a number of biomedical challenges, such as emerging bacterial antibiotic resistance and cancer therapy. This review discusses some synthetic biology approaches and applications that were recently used in disease mechanism investigation and disease modeling, drug discovery and production, as well as vaccine development and treatment of infectious diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanar Abil
- Department of Biochemistry, ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and §Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry, Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Development of a rapid and high frequency Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation protocol for Ocimum tenuiflorum. Biologia (Bratisl) 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-014-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhao S, Wang L, Liu L, Liang Y, Sun Y, Wu J. Both the mevalonate and the non-mevalonate pathways are involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:393-400. [PMID: 24258243 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE When one of them was inhibited, the two pathways could compensate with each other to guarantee normal growth. Moreover, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor miconazole could enhance ginsenoside level. ABSTRACT Ginsenosides, a kind of triterpenoid saponins derived from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), represent the main pharmacologically active constituents of ginseng. In plants, two pathways contribute to IPP biosynthesis, namely, the mevalonate pathway in cytosol and the non-mevalonate pathway in plastids. This motivates biologists to clarify the roles of the two pathways in biosynthesis of IPP-derived compounds. Here, we demonstrated that both pathways are involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis, based on the analysis of the effects from suppressing either or both of the pathways on ginsenoside accumulation in Panax ginseng hairy roots with mevinolin and fosmidomycin as specific inhibitors for the mevalonate and the non-mevalonate pathways, respectively. Furthermore, the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor miconazole could enhance ginsenoside levels in the hairy roots. These results shed some light on the way toward better understanding of ginsenoside biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujing Zhao
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
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Rout K, Swain S, Chand P. Quantification of β-Sitosterol in Hairy Root Cultures and Natural Plant Parts of Butterfly Pea ( Clitoria ternateaL.). JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Thwe AA, Kim JK, Li X, Bok Kim Y, Romij Uddin M, Kim SJ, Suzuki T, Park NI, Park SU. Metabolomic analysis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in hairy root culture of tartary buckwheat cultivars. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65349. [PMID: 23799007 PMCID: PMC3683005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat, Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn., is an important medicinal plant, which contains several phenolic compounds, including one of the highest content of rutin, a phenolic compound with anti-inflammatory properties. An experiment was conducted to investigate the level of expression of various genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway to analyze in vitro production of anthocyanin and phenolic compounds from hairy root cultures derived from 2 cultivars of tartary buckwheat (Hokkai T8 and T10). A total of 47 metabolites were identified by gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) in order to fully distinguish between Hokkai T8 and T10 hairy roots. The expression levels of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway genes, through qRT-PCR, showed higher expression for almost all the genes in T10 than T8 hairy root except for FtF3’H-2 and FtFLS-2. Rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 2 anthocyanin compounds were identified in Hokkai T8 and T10 hairy roots. The concentration of rutin and anthocyanin in Hokkai T10 hairy roots of tartary buckwheat was several-fold higher compared with that obtained from Hokkai T8 hairy root. This study provides useful information on the molecular and physiological dynamic processes that are correlated with phenylpropanoid biosynthetic gene expression and phenolic compound content in F. tataricum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Aye Thwe
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Bok Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Romij Uddin
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ju Kim
- Department of Bio Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuro Suzuki
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nam Il Park
- Wildlife Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (NIP); (SUP)
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (NIP); (SUP)
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