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Chandra J. The potential role of the p75 receptor in schizophrenia: neuroimmunomodulation and making life or death decisions. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100796. [PMID: 38813083 PMCID: PMC11134531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The nerve growth factor receptor, also referred to as tumour necrosis factor II and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75), serves pleiotropic functions in both the peripheral and central nervous system, involving modulation of immune responses, cell survival and cell death signalling in response to multiple ligands including cytokines such as TNFα, as well as proneurotrophins and mature neurotrophins. Whilst in vitro and in vivo studies have characterised various responses of the p75 receptor in isolated conditions, it remains unclear whether the p75 receptor serves to provide neuroprotection or contributes to neurotoxicity in neuroinflammatory and neurotrophin-deficit conditions, such as those presenting in schizophrenia. The purpose of this mini-review is to characterise the potential signalling mechanisms of the p75 receptor respective to neuropathological changes prevailing in schizophrenia to ultimately propose how specific functions of the receptor may underlie altered levels of p75 in specific cell types. On the basis of this evaluation, this mini-review aims to promote avenues for future research in utilising the therapeutic potential of ligands for the p75 receptor in psychiatric disorders, whereby heightened inflammation and reductions in trophic signalling mechanisms coalesce in the brain, potentially resulting in tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Chandra
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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2
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Shanks HRC, Chen K, Reiman EM, Blennow K, Cummings JL, Massa SM, Longo FM, Börjesson-Hanson A, Windisch M, Schmitz TW. p75 neurotrophin receptor modulation in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:1761-1770. [PMID: 38760589 PMCID: PMC11186782 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling pathways substantially overlap with degenerative networks active in Alzheimer disease (AD). Modulation of p75NTR with the first-in-class small molecule LM11A-31 mitigates amyloid-induced and pathological tau-induced synaptic loss in preclinical models. Here we conducted a 26-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase 2a safety and exploratory endpoint trial of LM11A-31 in 242 participants with mild to moderate AD with three arms: placebo, 200 mg LM11A-31 and 400 mg LM11A-31, administered twice daily by oral capsules. This trial met its primary endpoint of safety and tolerability. Within the prespecified secondary and exploratory outcome domains (structural magnetic resonance imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers), significant drug-placebo differences were found, consistent with the hypothesis that LM11A-31 slows progression of pathophysiological features of AD; no significant effect of active treatment was observed on cognitive tests. Together, these results suggest that targeting p75NTR with LM11A-31 warrants further investigation in larger-scale clinical trials of longer duration. EU Clinical Trials registration: 2015-005263-16 ; ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03069014 .
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Grants
- R35 AG071476 NIA NIH HHS
- P30 AG072980 NIA NIH HHS
- SG-23-1038904 QC Alzheimer's Association
- 2022-00732 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- P20 GM109025 NIGMS NIH HHS
- R01 AG053798 NIA NIH HHS
- R35AG71476 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- ZEN-21-848495 Alzheimer's Association
- R01 AG051596 NIA NIH HHS
- P20GM109025 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- 453677 Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada)
- P20 AG068053 NIA NIH HHS
- 2017-00915 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- U01 AG024904 NIA NIH HHS
- R01AG053798 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R25 AG083721-01 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R25 AG083721 NIA NIH HHS
- Jonathan and Joshua Memorial Foundation Government of Ontario
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- State of Arizona
- Alzheimer’s Association
- the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986 and #ALFGBG-965240), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-930351, #AF-939721 and #AF-968270), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243 and #ALZ2022-0006), La Fondation Recherche Alzheimer (FRA), Paris, France, the Kirsten and Freddy Johansen Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Familjen Rönströms Stiftelse, Stockholm, Sweden.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF)
- Ted and Maria Quirk Endowment; Joy Chambers-Grundy Endowment.
- San Francisco VA Health Care System
- National Institutes of Aging (NIA AD Pilot Trial 1R01AG051596) PharmatrophiX (Menlo Park, California)
- Alzheimer’s Society of Canada (176677)
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley R C Shanks
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Downtown, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey L Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Stephen M Massa
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne Börjesson-Hanson
- Clinical Trials, Department of Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Taylor W Schmitz
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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3
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Mulè S, Rosso G, Botta M, Brovero A, Ferrari S, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. Design of Mixed Medicinal Plants, Rich in Polyphenols, Vitamins B, and Palmitoylethanolamide-Based Supplement to Help Reduce Nerve Pain: A Preclinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4790. [PMID: 38732008 PMCID: PMC11083932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathy affects 7-10% of the general population and is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. The limitations of current therapies highlight the necessity of a new innovative approach to treating neuropathic pain (NP) based on the close correlation between oxidative stress, inflammatory process, and antioxidant action. The advantageous outcomes of a novel combination composed of Hop extract, Propolis, Ginkgo Biloba, Vitamin B, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) used as a treatment was evaluated in this study. To assess the absorption and biodistribution of the combination, its bioavailability was first examined in a 3D intestinal barrier model that replicated intestinal absorption. Further, a 3D nerve tissue model was developed to study the biological impacts of the combination during the essential pathways involved in NP. Our findings show that the combination could cross the intestinal barrier and reach the peripheral nervous system, where it modulates the oxidative stress, inflammation levels, and myelination mechanism (increased NRG, MPZ, ERB, and p75 levels) under Schwann cells damaging. This study proves the effectiveness of Ginkgo Biloba, Propolis, Hop extract, Vitamin B, and PEA in avoiding nerve damage and suggests a potential alternative nutraceutical treatment for NP and neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mulè
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Mattia Botta
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Arianna Brovero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy;
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
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Makoudjou MA, Fico E, Rosso P, Triaca V, De Simone L, Rossetti D, Cattani F, Allegretti M, Tirassa P. ProNGF processing in adult rat tissues and bioactivity of NGF prodomain peptides. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:643-654. [PMID: 38429912 PMCID: PMC10988682 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) and its precursor proNGF are both bioactive and exert similar or opposite actions depending on the cell target and its milieu. The balance between NGF and proNGF is crucial for cell and tissue homeostasis and it is considered an indicator of pathological conditions. Proteolytical cleavage of proNGF to the mature form results in different fragments, whose function and/or bioactivity is still unclear. The present study was conducted to investigate the distribution of proNGF fragments derived from endogenous cleavage in brain and peripheral tissues of adult rats in the healthy condition and following inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Different anti-proNGF antibodies were tested and the presence of short peptides corresponding to the prodomain sequence (pdNGFpep) was identified. Processing of proNGF was found to be tissue-specific and accumulation of pdNGFpeps was found in inflamed tissues, mainly in testis, intestine and heart, suggesting a possible correlation between organ functions and a response to insults and/or injury. The bioactivity of pdNGFpep was also demonstrated in vitro by using primary hippocampal neurons. Our study supports a biological function for the NGF precursor prodomain and indicates that short peptides from residues 1-60, differing from the 70-110 sequence, induce apoptosis, thereby opening the way for identification of new molecular targets to study pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Anne Makoudjou
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”RomeItaly
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)National Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | - Elena Fico
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)National Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | - Pamela Rosso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)National Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)National Research Council (CNR)Campus A. Buzzati‐Traverso, MonterotondoRomeItaly
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Tirassa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC)National Research Council (CNR)RomeItaly
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5
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Yang H, Zhang H, Li X. Navigating the future of retinitis pigmentosa treatments: A comprehensive analysis of therapeutic approaches in rd10 mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106436. [PMID: 38341159 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a degenerative disease, caused by genetic mutations that lead to a loss in photoreceptors. For research on RP, rd10 mice, which carry mutations in the phosphodiesterase (PDE) gene, exhibit degenerative patterns comparable to those of patients with RP, making them an ideal model for investigating potential treatments. Although numerous studies have reported the potential of biochemical drugs, gene correction, and stem cell transplantation in decelerating rd10 retinal degeneration, a comprehensive review of these studies has yet to be conducted. Therefore, here, a comparative analysis of rd10 mouse treatment research over the past decade was performed. Our findings suggest that biochemical drugs capable of inhibiting the inflammatory response may be promising therapeutics. Additionally, significant progress has been made in the field of gene therapy; nevertheless, challenges such as strict delivery requirements, bystander editing, and off-target effects still need to be resolved. Nevertheless, secretory function is the only unequivocal protective effect of stem cell transplantation. In summary, this review presents a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of the treatment approaches employing rd10 mice as experimental subjects, describing a clear pathway for future RP treatment research and identifies potential clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
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6
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Asadi MR, Gharesouran J, Sabaie H, Zaboli Mahdiabadi M, Mazhari SA, Sharifi-Bonab M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Taheri M, Sayad A, Rezazadeh M. Neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors as promising blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: a gene expression analysis study. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:49. [PMID: 38165481 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurological ailment affecting more than 50 million individuals globally, distinguished by a deterioration in memory and cognitive abilities. Investigating neurotrophin growth factors could offer significant contributions to understanding AD progression and prospective therapeutic interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS The present investigation collected blood samples from 50 patients diagnosed with AD and 50 healthy individuals serving as controls. The mRNA expression levels of neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors were measured using quantitative PCR. A Bayesian regression model was used in the research to assess the relationship between gene expression levels and demographic characteristics such as age and gender. The correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients, and the diagnostic potential was assessed using a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF expression levels were found to be considerably lower (p-value < 0.05) in the blood samples of AD patients compared to the control group. The expression of BDNF exhibited the most substantial decrease in comparison to other neurotrophin growth factors. Correlation analysis indicates a statistically significant positive association between the genes. The ROC analysis showed that BDNF exhibited the greatest Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.76, accompanied by a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 66%. TrkC, TrkA, and NTRK2 demonstrated considerable diagnostic potential in distinguishing between cases and controls. CONCLUSION The observed decrease in the expression levels of NTRK2, TrkA, TrkC, and BDNF in AD patients, along with the identified associations between specific genes and their diagnostic capacity, indicate that these expressions have the potential to function as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hani Sabaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mirmohsen Sharifi-Bonab
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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Danelon V, Garret-Thomson SC, Almo SC, Lee FS, Hempstead BL. Immune activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor: implications in neuroinflammation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1305574. [PMID: 38106879 PMCID: PMC10722190 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1305574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite structural similarity with other tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) members, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, TNFR16) mediates pleiotropic biological functions not shared with other TNFRs. The high level of p75NTR expression in the nervous system instead of immune cells, its utilization of co-receptors, and its interaction with soluble dimeric, rather than soluble or cell-tethered trimeric ligands are all characteristics which distinguish it from most other TNFRs. Here, we compare these attributes to other members of the TNFR superfamily. In addition, we describe the recent evolutionary adaptation in B7-1 (CD80), an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily member, which allows engagement to neuronally-expressed p75NTR. B7-1-mediated binding to p75NTR occurs in humans and other primates, but not lower mammals due to specific sequence changes that evolved recently in primate B7-1. This discovery highlights an additional mechanism by which p75NTR can respond to inflammatory cues and trigger synaptic elimination in the brain through engagement of B7-1, which was considered to be immune-restricted. These observations suggest p75NTR does share commonality with other immune co-modulatory TNFR family members, by responding to immunoregulatory cues. The evolution of primate B7-1 to bind and elicit p75NTR-mediated effects on neuronal morphology and function are discussed in relationship to immune-driven modulation of synaptic actions during injury or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Danelon
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Steven C. Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Francis S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Barbara L. Hempstead
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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8
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Rogers ML, Schultz DW, Karnaros V, Shepheard SR. Urinary biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: candidates, opportunities and considerations. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad287. [PMID: 37946793 PMCID: PMC10631861 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a relentless neurodegenerative disease that is mostly fatal within 3-5 years and is diagnosed on evidence of progressive upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. Around 15% of those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis also have frontotemporal degeneration, and gene mutations account for ∼10%. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a variable heterogeneous disease, and it is becoming increasingly clear that numerous different disease processes culminate in the final degeneration of motor neurons. There is a profound need to clearly articulate and measure pathological process that occurs. Such information is needed to tailor treatments to individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis according to an individual's pathological fingerprint. For new candidate therapies, there is also a need for methods to select patients according to expected treatment outcomes and measure the success, or not, of treatments. Biomarkers are essential tools to fulfil these needs, and urine is a rich source for candidate biofluid biomarkers. This review will describe promising candidate urinary biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other possible urinary candidates in future areas of investigation as well as the limitations of urinary biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Louise Rogers
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - David W Schultz
- Neurology Department and MND Clinic, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vassilios Karnaros
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Shepheard
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, South Australia, Australia
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9
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Comaposada-Baró R, Benito-Martínez A, Escribano-Saiz JJ, Franco ML, Ceccarelli L, Calatayud-Baselga I, Mira H, Vilar M. Cholinergic neurodegeneration and cholesterol metabolism dysregulation by constitutive p75 NTR signaling in the p75 exonIII-KO mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1237458. [PMID: 37900943 PMCID: PMC10611523 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1237458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, few mouse models of AD recapitulate the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system. The p75 neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR, has been associated with the degeneration of BFCNs in AD. The senescence-accelerated mouse prone number 8 (SAMP8) is a well-accepted model of accelerated and pathological aging. To gain a better understanding of the role of p75NTR in the basal forebrain during aging, we generated a new mouse line, the SAMP8-p75exonIII-/-. Deletion of p75NTR in the SAMP8 background induces an increase in the number of BFCNs at birth, followed by a rapid decline during aging compared to the C57/BL6 background. This decrease in the number of BFCNs correlates with a worsening in the Y-maze memory test at 6 months in the SAMP8-p75exonIII-/-. We found that SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- and C57/BL6-p75exonIII-/- mice expressed constitutively a short isoform of p75NTR that correlates with an upregulation of the protein levels of SREBP2 and its targets, HMGCR and LDLR, in the BF of both SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- and C57/BL6-p75exonIII-/- mice. As the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system and the dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism are implicated in AD, we postulate that the generated SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- mouse strain might constitute a good model to study long-term cholinergic neurodegeneration in the CNS. In addition, our results support the role of p75NTR signaling in cholesterol biosynthesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Comaposada-Baró
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Benito-Martínez
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Julian Escribano-Saiz
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Luisa Franco
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Ceccarelli
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Helena Mira
- Stem Cells and Aging Units of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marçal Vilar
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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Li Z, Duan Y, Mao W, Chen C, Yuan W, Jin X, Shi S, Su XC, Ibáñez CF, Lin Z. Equilibrium between monomers and dimers of the death domain of the p75 neurotrophin receptor in solution. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125710. [PMID: 37414319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) contains a C-terminal globular protein module known as the death domain (DD), which plays a central role in apoptotic and inflammatory signaling through the formation of oligomeric protein complexes. A monomeric state of the p75NTR-DD also exists depending on its chemical environment in vitro. However, studies on the oligomeric states of the p75NTR-DD have produced conflicting findings and sparked great controversy. Here we present new evidence from biophysical and biochemical studies to demonstrate the coexistence of symmetric and asymmetric dimers of the p75NTR-DD, which may equilibrate with the monomeric form in solution and in the absence of any other protein. The reversible close-open solution behavior may be important for the p75NTR-DD to serve as an intracellular signaling hub. This result supports an intrinsic ability of the p75NTR-DD to self-associate, in congruence with the oligomerization properties of all members of the DD superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yajing Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenhui Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wensu Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinghua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xun-Cheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University School of Life Sciences and Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.
| | - Zhi Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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11
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Lopes-Rodrigues V, Boxy P, Sim E, Park DI, Habeck M, Carbonell J, Andersson A, Fernández-Suárez D, Nissen P, Nykjær A, Kisiswa L. AraC interacts with p75 NTR transmembrane domain to induce cell death of mature neurons. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:440. [PMID: 37460457 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (AraC) is one of the main therapeutic treatments for several types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukaemia. However, after a high-dose AraC chemotherapy regime, patients develop severe neurotoxicity and cell death in the central nervous system leading to cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, somnolence and drowsiness. AraC induces apoptosis in dividing cells. However, the mechanism by which it leads to neurite degeneration and cell death in mature neurons remains unclear. We hypothesise that the upregulation of the death receptor p75NTR is responsible for AraC-mediated neurodegeneration and cell death in leukaemia patients undergoing AraC treatment. To determine the role of AraC-p75NTR signalling in the cell death of mature neurons, we used mature cerebellar granule neurons' primary cultures from p75NTR knockout and p75NTRCys259 mice. Evaluation of neurite degeneration, cell death and p75NTR signalling was done by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. To assess the interaction between AraC and p75NTR, we performed cellular thermal shift and AraTM assays as well as Homo-FRET anisotropy imaging. We show that AraC induces neurite degeneration and programmed cell death of mature cerebellar granule neurons in a p75NTR-dependent manner. Mechanistically, Proline 252 and Cysteine 256 residues facilitate AraC interaction with the transmembrane domain of p75NTR resulting in uncoupling of p75NTR from the NFκB survival pathway. This, in turn, exacerbates the activation of the cell death/JNK pathway by recruitment of TRAF6 to p75NTR. Our findings identify p75NTR as a novel molecular target to develop treatments for counteract AraC-mediated cell death of mature neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lopes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Pia Boxy
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eunice Sim
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Dong Ik Park
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Habeck
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Josep Carbonell
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, S-17177, Sweden
| | - Annika Andersson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, S-17177, Sweden
| | | | - Poul Nissen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjær
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lilian Kisiswa
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE)-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- The Danish National Research Foundation Center, PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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12
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Arévalo JC, Deogracias R. Mechanisms Controlling the Expression and Secretion of BDNF. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050789. [PMID: 37238659 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived nerve factor (BDNF), through TrkB receptor activation, is an important modulator for many different physiological and pathological functions in the nervous system. Among them, BDNF plays a crucial role in the development and correct maintenance of brain circuits and synaptic plasticity as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. The proper functioning of the central nervous system depends on the available BDNF concentrations, which are tightly regulated at transcriptional and translational levels but also by its regulated secretion. In this review we summarize the new advances regarding the molecular players involved in BDNF release. In addition, we will address how changes of their levels or function in these proteins have a great impact in those functions modulated by BDNF under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Arévalo
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castille and Leon (INCyL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rubén Deogracias
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castille and Leon (INCyL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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13
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The Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (NGFR/p75 NTR): A Major Player in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043200. [PMID: 36834612 PMCID: PMC9965628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent type of dementia in elderly people, primarily characterized by brain accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, derived from Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), in the extracellular space (amyloid plaques) and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the protein tau (p-tau; tangles or neurofibrillary aggregates). The Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR/p75NTR) represents a low-affinity receptor for all known mammalians neurotrophins (i.e., proNGF, NGF, BDNF, NT-3 e NT-4/5) and it is involved in pathways that determine both survival and death of neurons. Interestingly, also Aβ peptides can blind to NGFR/p75NTR making it the "ideal" candidate in mediating Aβ-induced neuropathology. In addition to pathogenesis and neuropathology, several data indicated that NGFR/p75NTR could play a key role in AD also from a genetic perspective. Other studies suggested that NGFR/p75NTR could represent a good diagnostic tool, as well as a promising therapeutic target for AD. Here, we comprehensively summarize and review the current experimental evidence on this topic.
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14
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Nieves Torres D, Lee SH. Inter-neuronal signaling mediated by small extracellular vesicles: wireless communication? Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1187300. [PMID: 37181650 PMCID: PMC10172472 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1187300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional inter-neuronal communication conceptualizes the wired method of chemical synapses that physically connect pre-and post-synaptic neurons. In contrast, recent studies indicate that neurons also utilize synapse-independent, hence "wireless" broadcasting-type communications via small extracellular vesicles (EVs). Small EVs including exosomes are secreted vesicles released by cells and contain a variety of signaling molecules including mRNAs, miRNAs, lipids, and proteins. Small EVs are subsequently absorbed by local recipient cells via either membrane fusion or endocytic processes. Therefore, small EVs enable cells to exchange a "packet" of active biomolecules for communication purposes. It is now well established that central neurons also secrete and uptake small EVs, especially exosomes, a type of small EVs that are derived from the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies. Specific molecules carried by neuronal small EVs are shown to affect a variety of neuronal functions including axon guidance, synapse formation, synapse elimination, neuronal firing, and potentiation. Therefore, this type of volume transmission mediated by small EVs is thought to play important roles not only in activity-dependent changes in neuronal function but also in the maintenance and homeostatic control of local circuitry. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries, catalog neuronal small EV-specific biomolecules, and discuss the potential scope of small EV-mediated inter-neuronal signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Nieves Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sang H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Sang H. Lee,
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15
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Moya-Alvarado G, Tiburcio-Felix R, Ibáñez MR, Aguirre-Soto AA, Guerra MV, Wu C, Mobley WC, Perlson E, Bronfman FC. BDNF/TrkB signaling endosomes in axons coordinate CREB/mTOR activation and protein synthesis in the cell body to induce dendritic growth in cortical neurons. eLife 2023; 12:77455. [PMID: 36826992 PMCID: PMC9977295 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors tropomyosin kinase receptor B (TrkB) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75) are the primary regulators of dendritic growth in the CNS. After being bound by BDNF, TrkB and p75 are endocytosed into endosomes and continue signaling within the cell soma, dendrites, and axons. We studied the functional role of BDNF axonal signaling in cortical neurons derived from different transgenic mice using compartmentalized cultures in microfluidic devices. We found that axonal BDNF increased dendritic growth from the neuronal cell body in a cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-dependent manner. These effects were dependent on axonal TrkB but not p75 activity. Dynein-dependent BDNF-TrkB-containing endosome transport was required for long-distance induction of dendritic growth. Axonal signaling endosomes increased CREB and mTOR kinase activity in the cell body, and this increase in the activity of both proteins was required for general protein translation and the expression of Arc, a plasticity-associated gene, indicating a role for BDNF-TrkB axonal signaling endosomes in coordinating the transcription and translation of genes whose products contribute to learning and memory regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Moya-Alvarado
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Center for Aging and Regeneration), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Av. Libertador Bernardo O´HigginsSantiagoChile
| | - Reynaldo Tiburcio-Felix
- NeuroSignaling Lab (NESLab), Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés BelloSantiagoChile
| | - María Raquel Ibáñez
- NeuroSignaling Lab (NESLab), Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Alejandro A Aguirre-Soto
- NeuroSignaling Lab (NESLab), Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Miguel V Guerra
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Center for Aging and Regeneration), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Av. Libertador Bernardo O´HigginsSantiagoChile,NeuroSignaling Lab (NESLab), Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - William C Mobley
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Eran Perlson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Francisca C Bronfman
- NeuroSignaling Lab (NESLab), Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, and Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés BelloSantiagoChile
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16
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Xiong LL, Chen L, Deng IB, Zhou XF, Wang TH. P75 neurotrophin receptor as a therapeutic target for drug development to treat neurological diseases. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5299-5318. [PMID: 36017737 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of neurotrophins with their receptors is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord injury and acute and chronic cerebral damage. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) plays a pivotal role in the development of neurological dysfunctions as a result of its high expression, abnormal processing and signalling. Therefore, p75NTR represents as a vital therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegeneration, neuropsychiatric disorders and cerebrovascular insufficiency. This review summarizes the current research progress on the p75NTR signalling in neurological deficits. We also summarize the present therapeutic approaches by genetically and pharmacologically targeting p75NTR for the attenuation of pathological changes. Based on the evolving knowledge, the role of p75NTR in the regulation of tau hyperphosphorylation, Aβ metabolism, the degeneration of motor neurons and dopaminergic neurons has been discussed. Its position as a biomarker to evaluate the severity of diseases and as a druggable target for drug development has also been elucidated. Several prototype small molecule compounds were introduced to be crucial in neuronal survival and functional recovery via targeting p75NTR. These small molecule compounds represent desirable agents in attenuating neurodegeneration and cell death as they abolish activation-induced neurotoxicity of neurotrophins via modulating p75NTR signalling. More comprehensive and in-depth investigations on p75NTR-based drug development are required to shed light on effective treatment of numerous neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Lin Xiong
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Isaac Bul Deng
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Dou SH, Cui Y, Huang SM, Zhang B. The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling in Central Nervous System Disease Pathogenesis. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:924155. [PMID: 35814950 PMCID: PMC9263365 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.924155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found abnormal levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases (e.g., stroke, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease). This suggests that BDNF may be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Moreover, regulating BDNF signaling may represent a potential treatment for such diseases. With reference to recent research papers in related fields, this article reviews the production and regulation of BDNF in CNS and the role of BDNF signaling disorders in these diseases. A brief introduction of the clinical application status of BDNF is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Dou
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shu-Ming Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhang,
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18
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Zhu Y, Gao M, Huang H, Gao SH, Liao LY, Tao Y, Cheng H, Gao CY. p75NTR Ectodomain Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits and Pathologies in a Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation Mice Model. Neuroscience 2022; 496:27-37. [PMID: 35697320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) is a circadian rhythm regulator and mediates cognitive deficits induced by sleep deprivation (SD). The soluble extracellular domain of p75NTR (p75ECD) has been shown to exert a neuroprotective function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression animal models. Nevertheless, the role of p75ECD in SD-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear. In the present study we administrated p75ECD-Fc (10, 3 mg/kg), a recombinant fusion protein of human p75ECD and fragment C of immunoglobulin IgG1, to treat mice via intraperitoneal injection. The results revealed that peripheral supplementation of high-dose p75ECD-Fc (10 mg/kg) recovered the balance between Aβ and p75ECD in the hippocampus and rescued the cognitive deficits in SD mice. We also found that p75ECD-Fc ameliorated other pathologies induced by SD, including neuronal apoptosis, synaptic plasticity impairment and neuroinflammation. The current study suggests that p75ECD-Fc is a potential candidate for SD and peripheral supplementation of p75ECD-Fc may be a prospective preventive measure for cognitive decline in SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Hao Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Yi Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Chang-Yue Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yu-Zhong District, 400042 Chongqing, China.
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19
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D’Agostino Y, Frigato E, Noviello TM, Toni M, Frabetti F, Cigliano L, Ceccarelli M, Sordino P, Cerulo L, Bertolucci C, D’Aniello S. Loss of circadian rhythmicity in bdnf knockout zebrafish larvae. iScience 2022; 25:104054. [PMID: 35345456 PMCID: PMC8957028 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a pivotal role in neuronal growth and differentiation, neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated a vital Bdnf null mutant line in zebrafish and carried out its molecular and behavioral characterization. Although no defects are evident on a morphological inspection, 66% of coding genes and 37% of microRNAs turned out to be differentially expressed in bdnf−/− compared with wild type sibling embryos. We deeply investigated the circadian clock pathway and confirmed changes in the rhythmic expression of clock (arntl1a, clock1a and clock2) and clock-controlled (aanat2) genes. The modulatory role of Bdnf on the zebrafish circadian clock was then validated by behavioral tests highlighting the absence of circadian activity rhythms in bdnf−/− larvae. The circadian behavior was partially rescued by pharmacological treatment. The bdnf−/− zebrafish line presented here is the first valuable and stable vertebrate model for the study of BDNF-related neurodevelopmental diseases Generation of a viable bdnf KO line in zebrafish Bdnf deficiency affects locomotor activity and thigmotaxis in larvae Differential RNA-seq analysis shows changes in expression of circadian clock genes Bdnf mutant fails in the generation of the behavioral circadian rhythmicity
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20
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Gao L, Wu J, Wang H, Yang Y, Zheng Z, Ni B, Wang X, Peng Y, Li Y. LMO1 Plays an Oncogenic Role in Human Glioma Associated With NF-kB Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:770299. [PMID: 35280742 PMCID: PMC8907846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.770299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LIM domain only protein1(LMO1), a nuclear transcription coregulator, is implicated in the pathogenesis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and neuroblastoma. However, the clinical significance and potential mechanism of LMO1 in human gliomas remain to be determined. Methods In this study, expression level data and clinical information were obtained via three databases. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to predict outcomes for glioma patients. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of LMO1 in human glioma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), RNA-seq and western blot were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. A prognostic model was built for predicting the overall survival(OS) of human glioma patients. Results High LMO1 expression was associated with a high tumor grade and a poor prognosis in patients. High levels of LMO1 mRNA were correlated with poor prognosis in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type (wt) and 1p/19q non-codeletion gliomas. Gene silencing of LMO1 significantly inhibited tumor growth, invasion and migration in vitro. In contrast, LMO1 over-expression promoted tumor growth, invasion and migration. Mechanically, LMO1 may positively regulate the level of NGFR mRNA and protein. NGFR mediated the regulation between LMO1 and NF-kB activation. Consistently, the nude mice study further confirmed that knockdown of LMO1 blocked tumor growth via NGFR-NF-kB axis. Finally, The nomogram based on the LMO1 signature for overall survival (OS) prediction in human glioma patients exhibited good performance in the individual mortality risk. Conclusion This study provides new insights and evidences that high level expression of LMO1 is significantly correlated with progression and prognosis in human gliomas. LMO1 played a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. The present study first investigated the LMO1–NGFR–NF-kB axis regulate cell growth and invasion in human glioma cells, whereby targeting this pathway may be a therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongliao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaomin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Fading memories in aging and neurodegeneration: Is p75 neurotrophin receptor a culprit? Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101567. [PMID: 35051645 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have become one of the major concerns in modern times as cognitive abilities tend to decline when we get older. It is well known that the main cause of this age-related cognitive deficit is due to aberrant changes in cellular, molecular circuitry and signaling pathways underlying synaptic plasticity and neuronal connections. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is one of the important mediators regulating the fate of the neurons in the nervous system. Its importance in neuronal apoptosis is well documented. However, the mechanisms involving the regulation of p75NTR in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function remain obscure, although cognitive impairment has been associated with a higher expression of p75NTR in neurons. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of how neurons are influenced by p75NTR function to maintain normal neuronal synaptic strength and connectivity, particularly to support learning and memory in the hippocampus. We then discuss the age-associated alterations in neurophysiological mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Furthermore, we also describe current evidence that has begun to elucidate how p75NTR regulates synaptic changes in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the hippocampus. Elucidating the role that p75NTR signaling plays in regulating synaptic plasticity will contribute to a better understanding of cognitive processes and pathological conditions. This will in turn provide novel approaches to improve therapies for the treatment of neurological diseases in which p75NTR dysfunction has been demonstrated.
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22
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Yang CR, Ding HJ, Yu M, Zhou FH, Han CY, Liang R, Zhang XY, Zhang XL, Meng FJ, Wang S, Li DD, Sun WZ, Meng B, Zhou XF. proBDNF/p75NTR promotes rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory response by activating proinflammatory cytokines. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22180. [PMID: 35129860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101558r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
P75 pan-neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is an important receptor for the role of neurotrophins in survival and death of neurons during development and after nerve injury. Our previous research found that the precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) regulates pain as an inflammatory mediator. The current understanding of the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway in inflammatory arthritis pain and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. We recruited 20 RA patients, 20 healthy donors (HDs), and 10 osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of proBDNF and p75NTR in synovial membrane were performed and evaluated. We next examined the mRNA and protein expression of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial tissue. ELISA and flow cytometry were assessed between the blood of RA patients and HD. To induce RA, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were induced in mice. We found over-synovitis of RA synovial membrane compared to OA controls in histologic sections. P75NTR and sortilin mRNA, and proBDNF protein level were significantly increased in PBMCs of RA patients compared with the HD. Consistently, ELISA showed that p75NTR, sortilin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the serum of RA patients were increased compared with HD and p75NTR, sortilin were positively correlated with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). In addition, using flow cytometry we showed that the increased levels of proBDNF and p75NTR characterized in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of RA patients were subsequently reversed with methotrexate (MTX) treatment. Furthermore, we found pathological changes, inflammatory pain, upregulation of the mRNA and protein expression of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway, and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in spinal cord using a well-established CIA mouse model. We showed intravenous treatment of recombinant p75ECD-Fc that biologically blocked all inflammatory responses and relieved inflammatory pain of animals with CIA. Our findings showed the involvement of proBDNF/p75NTR pathway in the RA inflammatory response and how blocking it with p75ECD-Fc may be a promising therapeutic treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rui Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jun Ding
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Public Security Profession College, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fiona-H Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chen-Yang Han
- Pain Treatment Center, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Lian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Jie Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - De-Dong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Zong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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23
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Eggert S, Kins S, Endres K, Brigadski T. Brothers in arms: proBDNF/BDNF and sAPPα/Aβ-signaling and their common interplay with ADAM10, TrkB, p75NTR, sortilin, and sorLA in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biol Chem 2022; 403:43-71. [PMID: 34619027 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important modulator for a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). A wealth of evidence, such as reduced mRNA and protein level in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients implicates a crucial role of BDNF in the progression of this disease. Especially, processing and subcellular localization of BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75 are critical determinants for survival and death in neuronal cells. Similarly, the amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer's disease, and its cleavage fragments sAPPα and Aβ are known for their respective roles in neuroprotection and neuronal death. Common features of APP- and BDNF-signaling indicate a causal relationship in their mode of action. However, the interconnections of APP- and BDNF-signaling are not well understood. Therefore, we here discuss dimerization properties, localization, processing by α- and γ-secretase, relevance of the common interaction partners TrkB, p75, sorLA, and sortilin as well as shared signaling pathways of BDNF and sAPPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
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24
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Conroy JN, Coulson EJ. High-affinity TrkA and p75 neurotrophin receptor complexes: a twisted affair. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101568. [PMID: 35051416 PMCID: PMC8889134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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25
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Do Neurotrophins Connect Neurological Disorders and Heart Diseases? Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111730. [PMID: 34827728 PMCID: PMC8615910 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are one of the most characterized neurotrophic factor family members and consist of four members in mammals. Growing evidence suggests that there is a complex inter- and bi-directional relationship between central nervous system (CNS) disorders and cardiac dysfunction, so-called "brain-heart axis". Recent studies suggest that CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and depression, affect cardiovascular function via various mechanisms, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis augmentation. Although this brain-heart axis has been well studied in humans and mice, the involvement of NT signaling in the axis has not been fully investigated. In the first half of this review, we emphasize the importance of NTs not only in the nervous system, but also in the cardiovascular system from the embryonic stage to the adult state. In the second half, we discuss the involvement of NTs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, and then examine whether an alteration in NTs could serve as the mediator between neurological disorders and heart dysfunction. The further investigation we propose herein could contribute to finding direct evidence for the involvement of NTs in the axis and new treatment for cardiovascular diseases.
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26
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Shi G, Shao S, Zhou J, Huang K, Bi FF. Urinary p75 ECD levels in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 23:438-445. [PMID: 34726989 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1990345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is associated with the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, its role is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between ALS and the extracellular domain of p75NTR(p75ECD) in urine. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using keywords in the PubMed, Embase, Science, and the Cochrane Library, and identified five case control studies, with the latest date of search being 18 April 2021. Results: The results showed that urinary p75ECD levels were significantly higher in patients with ALS compared to non-neurological control (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 4.18, 95% CI [2.525, 6.990], p < 0.001), and other neurological diseases (WMD = 6.005, 95% CI [1.596, 10.414], p = 0.008). Increased urinary p75ECD levels were inversely associated with ALSFRS-R in ALS patients (r = -0.32, 95% CI [-0.43, -0.21], p < 0.001). Conclusions: Given the associations between p75ECD and ALS found in this meta-analysis, urinary p75ECD levels have potential to be used as a diagnostic biomarker and a progression indicator in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China.,Xiangya school of medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China.,Xiangya school of medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China
| | - Jinxia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China.,Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine and Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China
| | - Fang-Fang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, China
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27
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Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection Induces Microglial Activation and Temporal Dysbalance in Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission. mBio 2021; 12:e0177621. [PMID: 34700379 PMCID: PMC8546584 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01776-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) causes respiratory tract disease and is responsible for seasonal and reoccurring epidemics affecting all age groups. Next to typical disease symptoms, such as fever and fatigue, IAV infection has been associated with behavioral alterations presumably contributing to the development of major depression. Previous experiments using IAV/H1N1 infection models have shown impaired hippocampal neuronal morphology and cognitive abilities, but the underlying pathways have not been fully described. In this study, we demonstrate that infection with a low-dose non-neurotrophic H1N1 strain of IAV causes ample peripheral immune response followed by a temporary blood-brain barrier disturbance. Although histological examination did not reveal obvious pathological processes in the brains of IAV-infected mice, detailed multidimensional flow cytometric characterization of immune cells uncovered subtle alterations in the activation status of microglial cells. More specifically, we detected an altered expression pattern of major histocompatibility complex classes I and II, CD80, and F4/80 accompanied by elevated mRNA levels of CD36, CD68, C1QA, and C3, suggesting evolved synaptic pruning. To closer evaluate how these profound changes affect synaptic balance, we established a highly sensitive multiplex flow cytometry-based approach called flow synaptometry. The introduction of this novel technique enabled us to simultaneously quantify the abundance of pre- and postsynapses from distinct brain regions. Our data reveal a significant reduction of VGLUT1 in excitatory presynaptic terminals in the cortex and hippocampus, identifying a subtle dysbalance in glutamatergic synapse transmission upon H1N1 infection in mice. In conclusion, our results highlight the consequences of systemic IAV-triggered inflammation on the central nervous system and the induction and progression of neuronal alterations. IMPORTANCE Influenza A virus (IAV) causes mainly respiratory tract disease with fever and fatigue but is also associated with behavioral alterations in humans. Here, we demonstrate that infection with a low-dose non-neurotrophic H1N1 strain of IAV causes peripheral immune response followed by a temporary blood-brain barrier disturbance. Characterization of immune cells uncovered subtle alterations in the activation status of microglia cells that might reshape neuronal synapses. We established a highly sensitive multiplex flow cytometry-based approach called flow synaptometry to more closely study the synapses. Thus, we detected a specific dysbalance in glutamatergic synapse transmission upon H1N1 infection in mice. In conclusion, our results highlight the consequences of systemic IAV-triggered inflammation on the central nervous system and the induction and progression of neuronal alterations.
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28
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Brahimi F, Galan A, Siegel S, Szobota S, Sarunic MV, Foster AC, Saragovi HU. Therapeutic Neuroprotection by an Engineered Neurotrophin that Selectively Activates Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (Trk) Family Neurotrophin Receptors but Not the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:491-501. [PMID: 34470776 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin growth factors bind and activate two types of cell surface receptors: the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) family and p75. TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC are bound preferentially by nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin 3 (NT3), respectively, to activate neuroprotective signals. The p75 receptors are activated by all neurotrophins, and paradoxically in neurodegenerative disease p75 is upregulated and mediates neurotoxic signals. To test neuroprotection strategies, we engineered NT3 to broadly activate Trk receptors (mutant D) or to reduce p75 binding (mutant RK). We also combined these features in a molecule that activates TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC but has reduced p75 binding (mutant DRK). In neurodegenerative disease mouse models in vivo, the DRK protein is a superior therapeutic agent compared with mutant D, mutant RK, and wild-type neurotrophins and protects a broader range of stressed neurons. This work rationalizes a therapeutic strategy based on the biology of each type of receptor, avoiding activation of p75 toxicity while broadly activating neuroprotection in stressed neuronal populations expressing different Trk receptors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The neurotrophins nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin 3 each can activate a tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) A, TrkB, or TrkC receptor, respectively, and all can activate a p75 receptor. Trks and p75 mediate opposite signals. We report the engineering of a protein that activates all Trks, combined with low p75 binding, as an effective therapeutic agent in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Brahimi
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - Alba Galan
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - Sairey Siegel
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - Stephanie Szobota
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - Marinko V Sarunic
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - Alan C Foster
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
| | - H Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital (F.B., A.G., H.U.S.), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (H.U.S.), and Ophthalmology and Vision Science (H.U.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Otonomy, Inc., San Diego, California (S.Si., S.Sz., A.C.F.); and School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada (M.V.S.)
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29
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The Versatile Roles of Nerve Growth Factor in Neuronal Attraction, Odontoblast Differentiation, and Mineral Deposition in Human Teeth. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34453293 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74046-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is an important molecule for the development and differentiation of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Here we analyze by immunohistochemistry the distribution of NGF in the dental pulp mesenchyme of embryonic and functional human teeth. In the dental pulp of both embryonic and healthy functional teeth, NGF is mainly expressed in the odontoblasts that are responsible for dentine formation, while in functional teeth NGF is also expressed in nerve fibers innervating the dental pulp. In injured teeth, NGF is expressed in the newly formed odontoblastic-like cells, which replace the dying odontoblasts. In these teeth, NGF expression is also upregulated in the intact odontoblasts, suggesting a role for this molecule in dental tissue repair. Similarly, in cultures of human dental pulp cells, NGF expression is strongly upregulated during their differentiation into odontoblasts as well as during the mineralization process. In microfluidic devices, release of NGF from cultured human dental pulp cells induced neuronal growth from trigeminal ganglia toward the NGF secreting cells. These results show that NGF is closely linked to the various functions of odontoblasts, including secretory and neuronal attraction processes.
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30
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Zhang N, Kisiswa L, Ramanujan A, Li Z, Sim EW, Tian X, Yuan W, Ibáñez CF, Lin Z. Structural basis of NF-κB signaling by the p75 neurotrophin receptor interaction with adaptor protein TRADD through their respective death domains. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100916. [PMID: 34175311 PMCID: PMC8318917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a critical mediator of neuronal death and tissue remodeling and has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. The death domain (DD) of p75NTR is an intracellular signaling hub and has been shown to interact with diverse adaptor proteins. In breast cancer cells, binding of the adaptor protein TRADD to p75NTR depends on nerve growth factor and promotes cell survival. However, the structural mechanism and functional significance of TRADD recruitment in neuronal p75NTR signaling remain poorly understood. Here we report an NMR structure of the p75NTR-DD and TRADD-DD complex and reveal the mechanism of specific recognition of the TRADD-DD by the p75NTR-DD mainly through electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, we identified spatiotemporal overlap of p75NTR and TRADD expression in developing cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) at early postnatal stages and discover the physiological relevance of the interaction between TRADD and p75NTR in the regulation of canonical NF-κB signaling and cell survival in CGNs. Our results provide a new structural framework for understanding how the recruitment of TRADD to p75NTR through DD interactions creates a membrane-proximal platform, which can be efficiently regulated by various neurotrophic factors through extracellular domains of p75NTR, to propagate downstream signaling in developing neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lilian Kisiswa
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Eunice Weiling Sim
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianbin Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Wensu Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University School of Life Sciences and Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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31
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In vivo functions of p75 NTR: challenges and opportunities for an emerging therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:772-788. [PMID: 34334250 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) functions at the molecular nexus of cell death, survival, and differentiation. In addition to its contribution to neurodegenerative diseases and nervous system injuries, recent studies have revealed unanticipated roles of p75NTR in liver repair, fibrinolysis, lung fibrosis, muscle regeneration, and metabolism. Linking these various p75NTR functions more precisely to specific mechanisms marks p75NTR as an emerging candidate for therapeutic intervention in a wide range of disorders. Indeed, small molecule inhibitors of p75NTR binding to neurotrophins have shown efficacy in models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration. Here, we outline recent advances in understanding p75NTR pleiotropic functions in vivo, and propose an integrated view of p75NTR and its challenges and opportunities as a pharmacological target.
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32
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Risk Factors for Retinal Ganglion Cell Distress in Glaucoma and Neuroprotective Potential Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157994. [PMID: 34360760 PMCID: PMC8346985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are a population of neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) extending with their soma to the inner retina and with their axons to the optic nerve. Glaucoma represents a group of neurodegenerative diseases where the slow progressive death of RGCs results in a permanent loss of vision. To date, although Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) is considered the main therapeutic target, the precise mechanisms by which RGCs die in glaucoma have not yet been clarified. In fact, Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), which is the most common glaucoma form, also occurs without elevated IOP. This present review provides a summary of some pathological conditions, i.e., axonal transport blockade, glutamate excitotoxicity and changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines along the RGC projection, all involved in the glaucoma cascade. Moreover, neuro-protective therapeutic approaches, which aim to improve RGC degeneration, have also been taken into consideration.
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Sankorrakul K, Qian L, Thangnipon W, Coulson EJ. Is there a role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor in mediating degeneration during oxidative stress and after hypoxia? J Neurochem 2021; 158:1292-1306. [PMID: 34109634 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) neurons are particularly vulnerable to degeneration following trauma and in neurodegenerative conditions. One reason for this is their characteristic expression of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ), which is up-regulated and mediates neuronal death in a range of neurological and neurodegenerative conditions, including dementia, stroke and ischaemia. The signalling pathway by which p75NTR signals cell death is incompletely characterised, but typically involves activation by neurotrophic ligands and signalling through c-Jun kinase, resulting in caspase activation via mitochondrial apoptotic signalling pathways. Less well appreciated is the link between conditions of oxidative stress and p75NTR death signalling. Here, we review the literature describing what is currently known regarding p75NTR death signalling in environments of oxidative stress and hypoxia to highlight the overlap in signalling pathways and the implications for p75NTR signalling in cBF neurons. We propose that there is a causal relationship and define key questions to test this assertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornraviya Sankorrakul
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld., Australia.,Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Lei Qian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld., Australia
| | - Wipawan Thangnipon
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Elizabeth J Coulson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld., Australia
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Xu Z, Orkwis JA, Harris GM. Cell Shape and Matrix Stiffness Impact Schwann Cell Plasticity via YAP/TAZ and Rho GTPases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094821. [PMID: 34062912 PMCID: PMC8124465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are a highly plastic cell type capable of undergoing phenotypic changes following injury or disease. SCs are able to upregulate genes associated with nerve regeneration and ultimately achieve functional recovery. During the regeneration process, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell morphology play a cooperative, critical role in regulating SCs, and therefore highly impact nerve regeneration outcomes. However, the roles of the ECM and mechanotransduction relating to SC phenotype are largely unknown. Here, we describe the role that matrix stiffness and cell morphology play in SC phenotype specification via known mechanotransducers YAP/TAZ and RhoA. Using engineered microenvironments to precisely control ECM stiffness, cell shape, and cell spreading, we show that ECM stiffness and SC spreading downregulated SC regenerative associated proteins by the activation of RhoA and YAP/TAZ. Additionally, cell elongation promoted a distinct SC regenerative capacity by the upregulation of Rac1/MKK7/JNK, both necessary for the ECM and morphology changes found during nerve regeneration. These results confirm the role of ECM signaling in peripheral nerve regeneration as well as provide insight to the design of future biomaterials and cellular therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Jacob A. Orkwis
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Greg M. Harris
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (Z.X.); (J.A.O.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(513)-556-4167
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Xiong LL, Tan YX, Du RL, Peng Y, Xue LL, Liu J, Al-Hawwas M, Bobrovskaya L, Liu DH, Chen L, Wang TH, Zhou XF. Effect of Sutellarin on Neurogenesis in Neonatal Hypoxia–Ischemia Rat Model: Potential Mechanisms of Action. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:677-703. [PMID: 33704029 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Scutellarin (SCU) on neurite growth and neurological functional recovery in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rats. Primary cortical neurons were cultured to detect the effect of SCU on cell viability of neurons under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Double immunofluorescence staining of Tuj1 and TUNEL then observed the neurite growth and cell apoptosis in vitro,and double immunofluorescence staining of NEUN and TUNEL was performed to examine the neuronal apoptosis and cell apoptosis in brain tissues after HI in vivo. Pharmacological efficacy of SCU was also evaluated in HI rats by neurobehavioral tests, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining. Astrocytes and microglia expression in damaged brain tissues were detected by immunostaining of GFAP and Iba1. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to investigate the genetic expression changes and the protein levels of autophagy-related proteins in the injured cortex and hippocampus after HI. We found that SCU administration preserved cell viability, promoted neurite outgrowth and suppressed apoptosis of neurons subjected to OGD both in vitroand in vivo. Meanwhile, 20 mg/kg SCU treatment improved neurological functions and decreased the expression of astrocytes and microglia in the cortex and hippocampus of HI rats. Additionally, SCU treatment depressed the elevated levels of autophagy-related proteins and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in both cortex and hippocampus. This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic efficacy of SCU by enhancing neurogenesis and restoring long-term neurological dysfunctions, which might be associated with p75NTR depletion in HI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Lin Xiong
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 550000, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xin Tan
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Ruo-Lan Du
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Xue
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dong-Hui Liu
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Animal Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia
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Franco ML, García-Carpio I, Comaposada-Baró R, Escribano-Saiz JJ, Chávez-Gutiérrez L, Vilar M. TrkA-mediated endocytosis of p75-CTF prevents cholinergic neuron death upon γ-secretase inhibition. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000844. [PMID: 33536237 PMCID: PMC7898468 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The findings shed light into the adverse effects of GSIs observed in the Alzheimer’s field and explain, at least in part, the unexpected worsening in cognition observed in the semagacestat Phase 3 trial. γ-secretase inhibitors (GSI) were developed to reduce the generation of Aβ peptide to find new Alzheimer’s disease treatments. Clinical trials on Alzheimer’s disease patients, however, showed several side effects that worsened the cognitive symptoms of the treated patients. The observed side effects were partially attributed to Notch signaling. However, the effect on other γ-secretase substrates, such as the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) has not been studied in detail. p75NTR is highly expressed in the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) during all life. Here, we show that GSI treatment induces the oligomerization of p75CTF leading to the cell death of BFCNs, and that this event is dependent on TrkA activity. The oligomerization of p75CTF requires an intact cholesterol recognition sequence (CRAC) and the constitutive binding of TRAF6, which activates the JNK and p38 pathways. Remarkably, TrkA rescues from cell death by a mechanism involving the endocytosis of p75CTF. These results suggest that the inhibition of γ-secretase activity in aged patients, where the expression of TrkA in the BFCNs is already reduced, could accelerate cholinergic dysfunction and promote neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Franco
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Irmina García-Carpio
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Raquel Comaposada-Baró
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Juan J Escribano-Saiz
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
| | - Lucía Chávez-Gutiérrez
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie Katholieke Universiteit (VIB-KU) Leuven Center for Brain and Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marçal Vilar
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of València (IBV-CSIC), València, Spain
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Wong L, Chong YS, Lin W, Kisiswa L, Sim E, Ibáñez CF, Sajikumar S. Age-related changes in hippocampal-dependent synaptic plasticity and memory mediated by p75 neurotrophin receptor. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13305. [PMID: 33448137 PMCID: PMC7884039 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasticity mechanisms in the nervous system that are important for learning and memory are greatly impacted during aging. Notably, hippocampal-dependent long-term plasticity and its associative plasticity, such as synaptic tagging and capture (STC), show considerable age-related decline. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ) is a negative regulator of structural and functional plasticity in the brain and thus represents a potential candidate to mediate age-related alterations. However, the mechanisms by which p75NTR affects synaptic plasticity of aged neuronal networks and ultimately contribute to deficits in cognitive function have not been well characterized. Here, we report that mutant mice lacking the p75NTR were resistant to age-associated changes in long-term plasticity, associative plasticity, and associative memory. Our study shows that p75NTR is responsible for age-dependent disruption of hippocampal homeostatic plasticity by modulating several signaling pathways, including BDNF, MAPK, Arc, and RhoA-ROCK2-LIMK1-cofilin. p75NTR may thus represent an important therapeutic target for limiting the age-related memory and cognitive function deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lik‐Wei Wong
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Yee Song Chong
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Lilian Kisiswa
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Eunice Sim
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
| | - Carlos F. Ibáñez
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of PhysiologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology ProgrammeNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore
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Kelliny S, Bobrovskaya L, Zhou XF, Upton R. Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Human Recombinant Protein, p75ECD-Fc: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, in Serum and Tissue of Sprague Dawley Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 46:235-248. [PMID: 33507523 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-020-00662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE p75ECD-Fc is a novel antagonist of toxic amyloid beta protein and other neurodegenerative factors with potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical studies showed that it can alleviate the AD pathologies in animal models of dementia. In a previous paper, we used non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis to obtain preliminary pharmacokinetic data for p75ECD-Fc in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. We also studied the tissue distribution in terms of drug metabolism that helped us to understand possible mechanisms of action. Here, we aim to develop population pharmacokinetic models that can describe the pharmacokinetics of p75ECD-Fc in serum and tissues. METHODS p75ECD-Fc was delivered to SD rats via two routes (intravenous and subcutaneous) at a single dose of 3 mg/kg (n = 15). Blood (n = 12) and tissue samples (n = 10-15) were then separated at different time points for a total duration of 42 days post dosage. The concentration of p75ECD-Fc in serum and tissues was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Data were best fitted to a 2-compartment model with linear elimination kinetics. The population parameter estimates for clearance, and volume of central and peripheral compartments were 0.000176 L/h, 0.0145 L and 0.0263 L, respectively. The presence of anti-drug antibodies was added to the final model as a covariate on clearance. The subcutaneous bioavailability was estimated to be 53.5% with a first-order absorption rate constant of 0.00745 1/h. By modeling of individual tissue concentrations, p75ECD-Fc was found to exhibit modest tissue distribution with estimated tissue/plasma partition coefficients (R) ranging from 0.004 to 0.2. CONCLUSION This is the first report of a pharmacokinetic model for p75ECD-Fc and these results may facilitate the ongoing development of p75ECD-Fc and translation to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Kelliny
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Richard Upton
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Australian Centre for Pharmacometrics, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
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Yi C, Goh KY, Wong LW, Ramanujan A, Tanaka K, Sajikumar S, Ibáñez CF. Inactive variants of death receptor p75 NTR reduce Alzheimer's neuropathology by interfering with APP internalization. EMBO J 2020; 40:e104450. [PMID: 33258176 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A prevalent model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis postulates the generation of neurotoxic fragments derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) after its internalization to endocytic compartments. The molecular pathways that regulate APP internalization and intracellular trafficking in neurons are incompletely understood. Here, we report that 5xFAD mice, an animal model of AD, expressing signaling-deficient variants of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ) show greater neuroprotection from AD neuropathology than animals lacking this receptor. p75NTR knock-in mice lacking the death domain or transmembrane Cys259 showed lower levels of Aβ species, amyloid plaque burden, gliosis, mitochondrial stress, and neurite dystrophy than global knock-outs. Strikingly, long-term synaptic plasticity and memory, which are completely disrupted in 5xFAD mice, were fully recovered in the knock-in mice. Mechanistically, we found that p75NTR interacts with APP at the plasma membrane and regulates its internalization and intracellular trafficking in hippocampal neurons. Inactive p75NTR variants internalized considerably slower than wild-type p75NTR and showed increased association with the recycling pathway, thereby reducing APP internalization and co-localization with BACE1, the critical protease for generation of neurotoxic APP fragments, favoring non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage. These results reveal a novel pathway that directly and specifically regulates APP internalization, amyloidogenic processing, and disease progression, and suggest that inhibitors targeting the p75NTR transmembrane domain may be an effective therapeutic strategy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenju Yi
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Ket Yin Goh
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Lik-Wei Wong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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40
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Neag MA, Mitre AO, Catinean A, Mitre CI. An Overview on the Mechanisms of Neuroprotection and Neurotoxicity of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in Experimental Studies. Brain Res Bull 2020; 165:281-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Xie Y, Seawell J, Boesch E, Allen L, Suchy A, Longo FM, Meeker RB. Small molecule modulation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor suppresses age- and genotype-associated neurodegeneration in HIV gp120 transgenic mice. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113489. [PMID: 33007293 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The persistence of HIV in the central nervous system leads to cognitive deficits in up to 50% of people living with HIV even with systemic suppression by antiretroviral treatment. The interaction of chronic inflammation with age-associated degeneration places these individuals at increased risk of accelerated aging and other neurodegenerative diseases and no treatments are available that effectively halt these processes. The adverse effects of aging and inflammation may be mediated, in part, by an increase in the expression of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) which shifts the balance of neurotrophin signaling toward less protective pathways. To determine if modulation of p75NTR could modify the disease process, we treated HIV gp120 transgenic mice with a small molecule ligand designed to engage p75NTR and downregulate degenerative signaling. Daily treatment with 50 mg/kg LM11A-31 for 4 months suppressed age- and genotype-dependent activation of microglia, increased microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP-2), reduced dendritic varicosities and slowed the loss of parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus. An age related accumulation of microtubule associated protein Tau was identified in the hippocampus in extracellular clusters that co-expressed p75NTR suggesting a link between Tau and p75NTR. Although the significance of the relationship between p75NTR and Tau is unclear, a decrease in Tau-1 immunoreactivity as gp120 mice entered old age (>16 months) suggests that the Tau may transition to more pathological modifications; a process blocked by LM11A-31. Overall, the effects of LM11A-31 are consistent with strong neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions that have significant therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youmie Xie
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America
| | - Jaimie Seawell
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America; The Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC 29303, United States of America
| | - Emily Boesch
- School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America
| | - Lauren Allen
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America
| | - Ashley Suchy
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America
| | - Frank M Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America
| | - Rick B Meeker
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America.
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Journey of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: from intracellular trafficking to secretion. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:125-134. [PMID: 32897423 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to control a wide variety of brain functions, ranging from memory formation to food intake. However, since the BDNF levels are extremely low in the nervous system, the dynamics in neurons from intracellular trafficking to secretion is absolutely complicated; the understanding is not fully promoted. We here review the findings of those critical mechanisms from intracellular trafficking to the secretion of BDNF. Furthermore, to solve this issue, technological advances for the detection, measurement, and imaging of this growth factor are essential. We believe that this review helps the study of these complex but critical mechanisms of BDNF.
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43
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Neurotrophin signalling in amygdala-dependent cued fear learning. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:161-172. [PMID: 32845430 PMCID: PMC7529623 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala is a central hub for fear learning assessed by Pavlovian fear conditioning. Indeed, the prevailing hypothesis that learning and memory are mediated by changes in synaptic strength was shown most convincingly at thalamic and cortical afferents to the lateral amygdala. The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to regulate synaptic plasticity and memory formation in many areas of the mammalian brain including the amygdala, where BDNF signalling via tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptors is prominently involved in fear learning. This review updates the current understanding of BDNF/TrkB signalling in the amygdala related to fear learning and extinction. In addition, actions of proBDNF/p75NTR and NGF/TrkA as well as NT-3/TrkC signalling in the amygdala are introduced.
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44
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Revising the mechanism of p75NTR activation: intrinsically monomeric state of death domains invokes the "helper" hypothesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13686. [PMID: 32792564 PMCID: PMC7427093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR plays crucial roles in neuron development and regulates important neuronal processes like degeneration, apoptosis and cell survival. At the same time the detailed mechanism of signal transduction is unclear. One of the main hypotheses known as the snail-tong mechanism assumes that in the inactive state, the death domains interact with each other and in response to ligand binding there is a conformational change leading to their exposure. Here, we show that neither rat nor human p75NTR death domains homodimerize in solution. Moreover, there is no interaction between the death domains in a more native context: the dimerization of transmembrane domains in liposomes and the presence of activating mutation in extracellular juxtamembrane region do not lead to intracellular domain interaction. These findings suggest that the activation mechanism of p75NTR should be revised. Thus, we propose a novel model of p75NTR functioning based on interaction with "helper" protein.
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Plasma membrane localization of the GFL receptor components: a nexus for receptor crosstalk. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:57-64. [PMID: 32767110 PMCID: PMC7529631 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs) comprise a group of four homologous and potent growth factors that includes GDNF, neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN), and persephin (PSPN). The survival, growth, and mitotic activities of the GFLs are conveyed by a single receptor tyrosine kinase, Ret. The GFLs do not bind directly to Ret in order to activate it, and instead bind with high affinity to glycerophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored coreceptors called the GDNF family receptor-αs (GFRαs). Several mechanisms have recently been identified that influence the trafficking of Ret and GFRαs in and out of the plasma membrane, thereby affecting their availability for ligand binding, as well as their levels by targeting to degradative pathways. This review describes these mechanisms and their powerful effects on GFL signaling and function. We also describe the recent discovery that p75 and Ret form a signaling complex, also regulated by plasma membrane shuttling, that either enhances GFL survival signals or p75 pro-apoptotic signals, dependent on the cellular context.
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Hannan MA, Dash R, Sohag AAM, Haque MN, Moon IS. Neuroprotection Against Oxidative Stress: Phytochemicals Targeting TrkB Signaling and the Nrf2-ARE Antioxidant System. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:116. [PMID: 32714148 PMCID: PMC7346762 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of several brain-related disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke, which are the major causes of dementia. The Nrf2-ARE (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element antioxidant) system, the primary cellular defense against OS, plays an essential role in neuroprotection by regulating the expressions of antioxidant molecules and enzymes. However, simultaneous events resulting in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and deregulation of the Nrf2-ARE system damage essential cell components and cause loss of neuron structural and functional integrity. On the other hand, TrkB (tropomyosin-related kinase B) signaling, a classical neurotrophin signaling pathway, regulates neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity, which play pivotal roles in memory and cognition. Also, TrkB signaling, specifically the TrkB/PI3K/Akt (TrkB/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B) pathway promotes the activation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and thus, confers neuroprotection against OS. However, the TrkB signaling pathway is also known to be downregulated in brain disorders due to lack of neurotrophin support. Therefore, activations of TrkB and the Nrf2-ARE signaling system offer a potential approach to the design of novel therapeutic agents for brain disorders. Here, we briefly overview the development of OS and the association between OS and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury. We propose the cellular antioxidant defense and TrkB signaling-mediated cell survival systems be considered pharmacological targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and review the literature on the neuroprotective effects of phytochemicals that can co-activate these neuronal defense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nazmul Haque
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
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Cui M, Liang J, Xu D, Zhao L, Zhang X, Zhang L, Ren S, Liu D, Niu X, Zang YJ, Zhang B. NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in nerve recovery after sciatic nerve injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106492. [PMID: 32402947 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of the inflammasome plays an important role in the central nervous system. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of inflammasome activation in the peripheral nerve, especially in the sciatic nerve, and the mechanism of this activation remains elusive. Moreover, how interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is produced after sciatic nerve injury is also unknown. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated after sciatic nerve injury and to explore its role in sciatic nerve injury. The results of immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated after sciatic nerve injury in wild-type (WT) mice, as demonstrated by upregulated inflammasome-related components, e.g., NLRP3, procaspase-1 and ASC. Furthermore, upregulated inflammasome-related components cis-cleavage precursor IL-1β (proIL-1β) and precursor interleukin-18 (proIL-18) to IL-1β and IL-18, contributing to the inflammatory response. Consequently, the inflammatory response after sciatic nerve injury in NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3-KO) mice was less severe than that in WT mice. Moreover, NLRP3-KO mice exhibited an increased sciatic functional index (SFI), which was determined by footprint analysis, suggesting that NLRP3 deficiency is beneficial to sciatic nerve recovery after injury. Therefore, our results indicate that NLRP3 is involved in the recovery from sciatic nerve injury and mediates the production of inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, after sciatic nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Cui
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Lizhen Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Shurong Ren
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Dongkai Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Xuanxuan Niu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Yun-Jin Zang
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Organ Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, PR China.
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China.
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Fang J, Wei Z, Zheng D, Ying T, Hong H, Hu D, Lin Y, Jiang X, Wu L, Lan T, Yang Z, Zhou X, Chen L. Recombinant Extracellular Domain (p75ECD) of the Neurotrophin Receptor p75 Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the p-JNK/Caspase-3 Signaling Pathway in Rat Microvascular Pericytes. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016047. [PMID: 32567476 PMCID: PMC7670530 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.016047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Pro-NTs (precursor of neurotrophins) and their receptor p75 are potential targets for preventing microvascular dysfunction induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). p75ECD (ectodomain of neurotrophin receptor p75) may physiologically produce neurocytoprotective effects by scavenging pro-NTs. We therefore hypothesized that p75ECD may have a cardioprotective effect on IRI through microvascular mechanisms. Methods and Results Myocardial IRI was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by occluding the left main coronary arteries for 45 minutes before a subsequent relaxation. Compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group, an intravenous injection of p75ECD (3 mg/kg) 5 minutes before reperfusion reduced the myocardial infarct area at 24 hours after reperfusion (by triphenyltetrazolium chloride, 44.9±3.9% versus 34.6±5.7%, P<0.05); improved the left ventricular ejection fraction (by echocardiography), with less myocardial fibrosis (by Masson's staining), and prevented microvascular dysfunction (by immunofluorescence) at 28 days after reperfusion; and reduced myocardial pro-NTs expression at 24 hours and 28 days after reperfusion (by Western blotting). A simulative IRI model using rat microvascular pericytes was established in vitro by hypoxia-reoxygenation (2/6 hours) combined with pro-NTs treatment (3 nmol/L) at R. p75ECD (3 μg/mL) given at R improved pericyte survival (by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay) and attenuated apoptosis (by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling). In the reperfused hearts and hypoxia-reoxygenation +pro-NTs-injured pericytes, p75ECD inhibited the expression of p-JNK (phospho of c-Jun N-terminal kinase)/caspase-3 (by Western blotting). SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK, did not enhance the p75ECD-induced infarct-sparing effects and pericyte protection. Conclusions p75ECD may attenuate myocardial IRI via pro-NTs reduction-induced inhibition of p-JNK/caspase-3 pathway of microvascular pericytes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - ZhiXiong Wei
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - DeDong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Teng Ying
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - HuaShan Hong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging Department of Geriatrics Fujian Institute of Geriatrics Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - DanQing Hu
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - YunLing Lin
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - XiaoLiang Jiang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage, and Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders Beijing P. R. China
| | - LingZhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - TingXiang Lan
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - ZhiWei Yang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage, and Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disorders Beijing P. R. China
| | - XinFu Zhou
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory Division of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - LiangLong Chen
- Department of Cardiology Fujian Heart Medical Center Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Fuzhou P. R. China
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Kozlov EM, Grechko AV, Chegodaev YS, Wu WK, Orekhov AN. Contribution of Neurotrophins to the Immune System Regulation and Possible Connection to Alcohol Addiction. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9040063. [PMID: 32231011 PMCID: PMC7235771 DOI: 10.3390/biology9040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first references to neurotrophic factors date back to the middle of the 20th century when the nerve growth factor (NGF) was first discovered. Later studies delivered a large amount of data on neurotrophic factors. However, many questions regarding neurotrophin signaling still remain unanswered. One of the principal topics in neurotrophin research is their role in the immune system regulation. Another important research question is the possible involvement of neurotrophin signaling in the pathological processes associated with alcoholism. Among known neurotrophins, NT-4 remains the least studied and appears to be involved in alcoholism and chronic stress pathogenesis. In this review we discuss known neurotrophin signaling cascades mediated by different neurotrophin receptors, as well as provide a generalization of the data regarding the influence of neurotrophins NGF, BDNF, and NT-4 on the immune system and their potential contribution to the pathogenesis of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii M. Kozlov
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Biotechnology of Bacteriophages G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 125212 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, 109240 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yegor S. Chegodaev
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-903-169-08-66
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50
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Shen WY, Luo C, Reinaldo Hurtado P, Hurtado-Perez E, Luo RY, Hu ZL, Li H, Xu JM, Zhou XF, Dai RP. The regulatory role of ProBDNF in monocyte function: Implications in Stanford type-A aortic dissection disease. FASEB J 2019; 34:2541-2553. [PMID: 31908023 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901905rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) has been reported to strengthen the dysfunction of monocytes/macrophages in animal studies. However, it is still unknown the roles of proBDNF in the dysfunction of monocytes in the inflammatory diseases in humans. In the present study, we showed that proBDNF and pan neurotrophic receptor p75 were significantly upregulated in monocytes from healthy donors (HD) after lipopolysaccharide treatment. Exogenous proBDNF treatment upregulated CD40 and proinflammatory cytokines expression in monocytes including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. In Stanford type-A acute aortic dissection (AAD) patients, proBDNF was upregulated in CD14+ CD163+ CX3CR1+ M2- but not CD14+ CD68+ CCR2+ M1-like monocytes. In addition, sera from AAD patients activated gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in cultured PBMCs from HD, which was attenuated by proBDNF monoclonal antibody (Ab-proB) treatment. These findings suggested that upregulation of proBDNF in M2-like monocytes may contribute to the proinflammatory response in the AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | | | - Ernesto Hurtado-Perez
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ru-Yi Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Jun-Mei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, China
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