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Yasuda H, Fumoto H, Saito T, Sugawara SE, Tsuchida S. Consideration on the Intergenerational Ethics on Uranium Waste Disposal. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:318-328. [PMID: 38538904 PMCID: PMC11082028 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides insights into resolving intergenerational issues related to the disposal of waste containing high amounts of uranium (uranium waste), from which distant future generations will have higher health risks than the current generation. RECENT FINDINGS Uranium (half-life: 4.5 billion years) produces various progeny radionuclides through radioactive decay over the long term, and its radioactivity, as the sum of its contributions, continues to increase for more than 100,000 years. In contrast to high-level radioactive wastes, protective measures, such as attenuation of radiation and confinement of radionuclides from the disposal facility, cannot work effectively for uranium waste. Thus, additional considerations from the perspective of intergenerational ethics are needed in the strategy for uranium waste disposal. The current generation, which has benefited from the use and disposal of uranium waste, is responsible for protecting future generations from the potential risk of buried uranium beyond the lifetime of a disposal facility. Fulfilling this responsibility means making more creative efforts to convey critical information on buried materials to the distant future to ensure that future generations can properly take measures to reduce the harm by themselves in response to changing circumstances including people's values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yasuda
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1 Kasumi 2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Hiromichi Fumoto
- Japan Inspection Co. Ltd., 2-9-1 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0032, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Saito
- , 4-49 Muramatsu, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Naka-gun, 319-1112, Japan
| | - Shin-Etsu Sugawara
- Faculty of Societal Safety Sciences, Kansai University, Hakubai-cho 7-1, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1098, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuchida
- Faculty of Societal Safety Sciences, Kansai University, Hakubai-cho 7-1, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1098, Japan
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Oh J, Kim K, Kannan K, Parsons PJ, Mlodnicka A, Schmidt RJ, Schweitzer JB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Bennett DH. Early childhood exposure to environmental phenols and parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, and trace elements in association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in the CHARGE study. Environ Health 2024; 23:27. [PMID: 38486233 PMCID: PMC10938747 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of literature investigated childhood exposure to environmental chemicals in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, but limited studies considered urinary mixtures of multiple chemical classes. This study examined associations of concurrent exposure to non-persistent chemicals with ADHD symptoms in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay (DD), and typical development (TD). METHODS A total of 549 children aged 2-5 years from the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) case-control study were administered the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). This study focused on the ADHD/noncompliance subscale and its two subdomains (hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention). Sixty-two chemicals from four classes (phenols/parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, trace elements) were quantified in child urine samples, and 43 chemicals detected in > 70% samples were used to investigate their associations with ADHD symptoms. Negative binomial regression was used for single-chemical analysis, and weighted quantile sum regression with repeated holdout validation was applied for mixture analysis for each chemical class and all chemicals. The mixture analyses were further stratified by diagnostic group. RESULTS A phthalate metabolite mixture was associated with higher ADHD/noncompliance scores (median count ratio [CR] = 1.10; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.00, 1.21), especially hyperactivity/impulsivity (median CR = 1.09; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.00, 1.25). The possible contributors to these mixture effects were di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites and mono-2-heptyl phthalate (MHPP). These associations were likely driven by children with ASD as these were observed among children with ASD, but not among TD or those with DD. Additionally, among children with ASD, a mixture of all chemicals was associated with ADHD/noncompliance and hyperactivity/impulsivity, and possible contributors were 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, DEHP metabolites, MHPP, mono-n-butyl phthalate, and cadmium. CONCLUSIONS Early childhood exposure to a phthalate mixture was associated with ADHD symptoms, particularly among children with ASD. While the diverse diagnostic profiles limited generalizability, our findings suggest a potential link between phthalate exposure and the comorbidity of ASD and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Oh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Agnieszka Mlodnicka
- UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Julie B Schweitzer
- UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah H Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Davis (UC Davis), Davis, CA, USA
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Tolmachev SY, Avtandilashvili M. Long-term retention and distribution of highly enriched uranium in an occupationally exposed female. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2024; 63:109-123. [PMID: 38197921 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries' (USTUR) female whole body tissue donor studied here was occupationally exposed to highly enriched uranium for 17 years. One hundred and twenty-nine tissue samples were collected at the time of death, 31 years post-exposure. These samples were radiochemically analyzed for uranium. The highest uranium concentration of 16.5 ± 2.0 µg kg-1 was measured in the lungs, and the lowest concentration of 0.11 ± 0.01 µg kg-1 in the liver. The thyroid had the highest concentration of 6.3 ± 2.9 µg kg-1 among systemic tissues. Mass-weighted average concentration in the entire skeleton was estimated to be 1.60 ± 0.19 µg kg-1. In the skeleton, uranium was non-uniformly distributed among different bones. Thirty-one years after the intake, approximately 40% of occupational uranium was still retained in the skeleton, followed by the kidneys (~ 30%), and the brain and liver (~ 10%). Systemic uranium was equally distributed between the skeleton and soft tissues. Uranium content in systemic organs followed the pattern: skeleton > > brain ≈ kidneys > heart ≈ liver > thyroid ≈ spleen. Uranium distribution in this female was compared to previously published USTUR data for male tissue donors. It is concluded that no difference in uranium systemic distribution was observed between female and male individuals. It is demonstrated that dose assessment based on the current ICRP biokinetic model overestimated the dose to the brain by 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Y Tolmachev
- United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA, 99354-4959, USA.
| | - Maia Avtandilashvili
- United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA, 99354-4959, USA
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Li J, Chen J, Shen B, Lu R, He W, Huang X, Li D, Su L, Long J. Association of non-essential metals with Chinese schizophrenia: A case-control study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38339807 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential link between environmental pollutants, including metals, and schizophrenia development remains debated. This study aimed to explore the association between plasma levels of three non-essential metals-barium (Ba), tungsten (W), and uranium (U)-and schizophrenia risk among Chinese individuals. METHOD We recruited a total of 221 patients and 219 healthy controls. Plasma levels of three non-essential metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We employed unconditional logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to explore the relationship between exposure to multiple metals and the risk of schizophrenia. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis revealed that the highest quartile (Q4) of W had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.87 (95% CI: 1.08-3.21) compared to the lowest quartile (Q1), with a significant P-trend of 0.017. For U, the ORs (95% CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 2.06 (1.19-3.56), 1.99 (1.15-3.44), and 1.74 (1.00-3.00), respectively. BKMR analyses revealed a progressive increase in the risk of schizophrenia with increasing cumulative levels of the three metals at concentrations below 35%, with U playing a major role in this association. U showed a non-linear positive correlation with schizophrenia, particularly at the 75th percentile level. Moreover, potential interactions were observed between W and Ba, as well as between W and U. CONCLUSION Higher plasma W and U concentrations were positively associated with the risk of schizophrenia, which was potentially related to the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rumei Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wanting He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jianxiong Long
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Milder CM, Howard SC, Ellis ED, Golden AP, Cohen SS, Mumma MT, Leggett RW, French B, Zablotska LB, Boice JD. Third mortality follow-up of the Mallinckrodt uranium processing workers, 1942-2019. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:161-175. [PMID: 37819879 PMCID: PMC10843089 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2267640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mallinckrodt Chemical Works was a uranium processing facility during the Manhattan Project from 1942 to 1966. Thousands of workers were exposed to low-dose-rates of ionizing radiation from external and internal sources. This third follow-up of 2514 White male employees updates cancer and noncancer mortality potentially associated with radiation and silica dust. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individual, annualized organ doses were estimated from film badge records (n monitored = 2514), occupational chest x-rays (n = 2514), uranium urinalysis (n = 1868), radium intake through radon breath measurements (n = 487), and radon ambient measurements (n = 1356). Silica dust exposure from pitchblende processing was estimated (n = 1317). Vital status and cause of death determination through 2019 relied upon the National Death Index and Social Security Administration Epidemiological Vital Status Service. The analysis included standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), Cox proportional hazards, and Poisson regression models. RESULTS Vital status was confirmed for 99.4% of workers (84.0% deceased). For a dose weighting factor of 1 for intakes of uranium, radium, and radon decay products, the mean and median lung doses were 65.6 and 29.9 mGy, respectively. SMRs indicated a difference in health outcomes between salaried and hourly workers, and more brain cancer deaths than expected [SMR: 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 2.70]. No association was seen between radiation and lung cancer [hazard ratio (HR) at 100 mGy: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.78, 1.11]. The relationship between radiation and kidney cancer observed in the previous follow-up was maintained (HR at 100 mGy: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.12, 3.79). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) also increased significantly with heart dose (HR at 100 mGy: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.21). Exposures to dust ≥23.6 mg/m3-year were associated with nonmalignant kidney disease (NMKD) (HR: 3.02; 95%CI: 1.12, 8.16) and kidney cancer combined with NMKD (HR: 2.46; 95%CI: 1.04, 5.81), though without evidence of a dose-response per 100 mg/m3-year. CONCLUSIONS This third follow-up of Mallinckrodt uranium processors reinforced the results of the previous studies. There was an excess of brain cancers compared with the US population, although no radiation dose-response was detected. The association between radiation and kidney cancer remained, though potentially due to few cases at higher doses. The association between levels of silica dust ≥23.6 mg/m3-year and NMKD also remained. No association was observed between radiation and lung cancer. A positive dose-response was observed between radiation and CVD; however, this association may be confounded by smoking, which was unmeasured. Future work will pool these data with other uranium processing worker cohorts within the Million Person Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cato M. Milder
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute
| | | | | | | | - Sarah S. Cohen
- EpidStrategies, a Division of ToxStrategies, Inc., Katy, TX
| | | | | | - Benjamin French
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lydia B. Zablotska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John D. Boice
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Levin R, Villanueva CM, Beene D, Cradock AL, Donat-Vargas C, Lewis J, Martinez-Morata I, Minovi D, Nigra AE, Olson ED, Schaider LA, Ward MH, Deziel NC. US drinking water quality: exposure risk profiles for seven legacy and emerging contaminants. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:3-22. [PMID: 37739995 PMCID: PMC10907308 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in drinking water infrastructure and treatment throughout the 20th and early 21st century dramatically improved water reliability and quality in the United States (US) and other parts of the world. However, numerous chemical contaminants from a range of anthropogenic and natural sources continue to pose chronic health concerns, even in countries with established drinking water regulations, such as the US. OBJECTIVE/METHODS In this review, we summarize exposure risk profiles and health effects for seven legacy and emerging drinking water contaminants or contaminant groups: arsenic, disinfection by-products, fracking-related substances, lead, nitrate, per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and uranium. We begin with an overview of US public water systems, and US and global drinking water regulation. We end with a summary of cross-cutting challenges that burden US drinking water systems: aging and deteriorated water infrastructure, vulnerabilities for children in school and childcare facilities, climate change, disparities in access to safe and reliable drinking water, uneven enforcement of drinking water standards, inadequate health assessments, large numbers of chemicals within a class, a preponderance of small water systems, and issues facing US Indigenous communities. RESULTS Research and data on US drinking water contamination show that exposure profiles, health risks, and water quality reliability issues vary widely across populations, geographically and by contaminant. Factors include water source, local and regional features, aging water infrastructure, industrial or commercial activities, and social determinants. Understanding the risk profiles of different drinking water contaminants is necessary for anticipating local and general problems, ascertaining the state of drinking water resources, and developing mitigation strategies. IMPACT STATEMENT Drinking water contamination is widespread, even in the US. Exposure risk profiles vary by contaminant. Understanding the risk profiles of different drinking water contaminants is necessary for anticipating local and general public health problems, ascertaining the state of drinking water resources, and developing mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie Levin
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Beene
- Community Environmental Health Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- University of New Mexico Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johnnye Lewis
- Community Environmental Health Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Irene Martinez-Morata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darya Minovi
- Center for Science and Democracy, Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erik D Olson
- Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Gui J, Ding R, Huang D, Wang L, Han Z, Yang X, Yang J, Luo H, Jiang L. Associations between urinary heavy metals and anxiety among adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2012. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140085. [PMID: 37690549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the associations between heavy metals and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between single and combined exposure to heavy metals and anxiety. METHODS This study employed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012. Anxiety was assessed by patients self-reporting the number of anxious days per month. First, we evaluated the associations between 10 heavy metals single exposure and anxiety by multivariable logistic regression. We then selected 5 heavy metals (cadmium, antimony, cobalt, tungsten, and uranium) for further analysis by elastic net regression. Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA), weighted quantile regression (WQS), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were utilized to evaluate the associations between 5 heavy metals co-exposure and anxiety. RESULTS This study included 4512 participants, among whom 1206 participants were in an anxiety state. Urinary cadmium and antimony were separately related to an increased risk of anxiety (p for trend <0.01 and < 0.01, respectively). In PCA analysis, PC1 was associated with an increased risk of anxiety (p for trend <0.001). In WQS analysis, the positive WQS index was substantially linked with the risk of anxiety (OR (95%CI): 1.23 (1.04,1.39)). In BKMR analysis, the overall effects of co-exposure to heavy metals were positively connected with anxiety. CONCLUSION Our study identified a positive correlation between individual exposure to cadmium and antimony and the risk of anxiety. Additionally, the co-exposure to cadmium, antimony, cobalt, tungsten, and uranium was associated with an increased risk of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Gui
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Dishu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lingman Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Ziyao Han
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hanyu Luo
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
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8
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Vellingiri B. A deeper understanding about the role of uranium toxicity in neurodegeneration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116430. [PMID: 37329943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural deposits and human-caused releases of uranium have led to its contamination in the nature. Toxic environmental contaminants such as uranium that harm cerebral processes specifically target the brain. Numerous experimental researches have shown that occupational and environmental uranium exposure can result in a wide range of health issues. According to the recent experimental research, uranium can enter the brain after exposure and cause neurobehavioral problems such as elevated motion related activity, disruption of the sleep-wake cycle, poor memory, and elevated anxiety. However, the exact mechanism behind the factor for neurotoxicity by uranium is still uncertain. This review primarily aims on a brief overview of uranium, its route of exposure to the central nervous system, and the likely mechanism of uranium in neurological diseases including oxidative stress, epigenetic modification, and neuronal inflammation has been described, which could present the probable state-of-the-art status of uranium in neurotoxicity. Finally, we offer some preventative strategies to workers who are exposed to uranium at work. In closing, this study highlights the knowledge of uranium's health dangers and underlying toxicological mechanisms is still in its infancy, and there is still more to learn about many contentious discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Vellingiri
- Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
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9
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Berntsson E, Vosough F, Noormägi A, Padari K, Asplund F, Gielnik M, Paul S, Jarvet J, Tõugu V, Roos PM, Kozak M, Gräslund A, Barth A, Pooga M, Palumaa P, Wärmländer SKTS. Characterization of Uranyl (UO 22+) Ion Binding to Amyloid Beta (Aβ) Peptides: Effects on Aβ Structure and Aggregation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:2618-2633. [PMID: 37487115 PMCID: PMC10401651 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uranium (U) is naturally present in ambient air, water, and soil, and depleted uranium (DU) is released into the environment via industrial and military activities. While the radiological damage from U is rather well understood, less is known about the chemical damage mechanisms, which dominate in DU. Heavy metal exposure is associated with numerous health conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent age-related cause of dementia. The pathological hallmark of AD is the deposition of amyloid plaques, consisting mainly of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides aggregated into amyloid fibrils in the brain. However, the toxic species in AD are likely oligomeric Aβ aggregates. Exposure to heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, Mn, and Pb is known to increase Aβ production, and these metals bind to Aβ peptides and modulate their aggregation. The possible effects of U in AD pathology have been sparsely studied. Here, we use biophysical techniques to study in vitro interactions between Aβ peptides and uranyl ions, UO22+, of DU. We show for the first time that uranyl ions bind to Aβ peptides with affinities in the micromolar range, induce structural changes in Aβ monomers and oligomers, and inhibit Aβ fibrillization. This suggests a possible link between AD and U exposure, which could be further explored by cell, animal, and epidemiological studies. General toxic mechanisms of uranyl ions could be modulation of protein folding, misfolding, and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Berntsson
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn
University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Faraz Vosough
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andra Noormägi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn
University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kärt Padari
- Institute
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fanny Asplund
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maciej Gielnik
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Suman Paul
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jüri Jarvet
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- CellPept
Sweden AB, Kvarngatan
10B, 118 47 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vello Tõugu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn
University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Per M. Roos
- Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- University
Healthcare Unit of Capio St. Göran Hospital, 112 81 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maciej Kozak
- Department
of Biomedical Physics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
- SOLARIS
National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian
University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- CellPept
Sweden AB, Kvarngatan
10B, 118 47 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Barth
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margus Pooga
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peep Palumaa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn
University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Sebastian K. T. S. Wärmländer
- Chemistry
Section, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm
University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- CellPept
Sweden AB, Kvarngatan
10B, 118 47 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Huang L, Sun G, Xu W, Li S, Qin X, An Q, Wang Z, Li J. Uranium uptake is mediated markedly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and induce dose-dependent toxicity in HK-2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104171. [PMID: 37295740 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the endocytosis mechanisms of uranium uptake in HK-2 cells and its toxic effects. Our results demonstrated that uranium exposure impairs redox homeostasis and increases the permeability of the cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane, which may induce cell apoptosis by cytochrome-c leakage. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased after uranium exposure, which may be involved in the process of intracellular mineralisation of uranium, leading to severe cell necrosis. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that the clathrin-mediated endocytosis process contributed substantially to uranium uptake in HK-2 cells and the total uranium uptake was highly correlated with cell viability, reaching a high correlation coefficient (r= -0.853) according to Pearson correlation analysis. In conclusion, the uptake of uranium into mammalian cells was mainly facilitated by the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway and induced dose-dependent cellular toxicity, including redox homeostasis imbalance, membrane injury, cell apoptosis and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Huang
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ge Sun
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shufang Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiujun Qin
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Quan An
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhongwen Wang
- Department of Radiation Safety, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
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11
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Vielee ST, Wise JP. Among Gerontogens, Heavy Metals Are a Class of Their Own: A Review of the Evidence for Cellular Senescence. Brain Sci 2023; 13:500. [PMID: 36979310 PMCID: PMC10046019 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in modern medicine have improved the quality of life across the globe and increased the average lifespan of our population by multiple decades. Current estimates predict by 2030, 12% of the global population will reach a geriatric age and live another 3-4 decades. This swelling geriatric population will place critical stress on healthcare infrastructures due to accompanying increases in age-related diseases and comorbidities. While much research focused on long-lived individuals seeks to answer questions regarding how to age healthier, there is a deficit in research investigating what aspects of our lives accelerate or exacerbate aging. In particular, heavy metals are recognized as a significant threat to human health with links to a plethora of age-related diseases, and have widespread human exposures from occupational, medical, or environmental settings. We believe heavy metals ought to be classified as a class of gerontogens (i.e., chemicals that accelerate biological aging in cells and tissues). Gerontogens may be best studied through their effects on the "Hallmarks of Aging", nine physiological hallmarks demonstrated to occur in aged cells, tissues, and bodies. Evidence suggests that cellular senescence-a permanent growth arrest in cells-is one of the most pertinent hallmarks of aging and is a useful indicator of aging in tissues. Here, we discuss the roles of heavy metals in brain aging. We briefly discuss brain aging in general, then expand upon observations for heavy metals contributing to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. We particularly emphasize the roles and observations of cellular senescence in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we discuss the observations for heavy metals inducing cellular senescence. The glaring lack of knowledge about gerontogens and gerontogenic mechanisms necessitates greater research in the field, especially in the context of the global aging crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Vielee
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - John P. Wise
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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12
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Oh J, Kim K, Kannan K, Parsons PJ, Mlodnicka A, Schmidt RJ, Schweitzer JB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Bennett DH. Early childhood exposure to environmental phenols and parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, and trace elements in association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in the CHARGE study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2565914. [PMID: 36798220 PMCID: PMC9934759 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2565914/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Agrowing body of literature investigated childhood exposure to environmental chemicals in association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, but limited studies considered urinary mixtures of multiple chemical classes. This study examined associations of concurrent exposure to non-persistent chemicals with ADHD symptoms in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay, and typical development. Methods A total of 574 children aged 2-5 years from the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment (CHARGE) case-control study was administered the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). This study focused on the Hyperactivity subscale and its two subdomains (hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention). Sixty-two chemicals from four classes (phenols/parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, trace elements) were quantified in child urine samples, and 43 chemicals detected in >70% samples were used in statistical analyses. Weighted quantile sum regression for negative binomial outcomes with repeated holdout validation was performed to investigate covariate-adjusted associations between mixtures and ABC scores in 574 children. The mixture analyses were further restricted to 232 children with ASD. Results Phthalate metabolite mixtures, weighted for mono-n-butylphthalate (MNBP), mono-2-heptyl phthalate, and mono-carboxy isononyl phthalate, were associated with the Hyperactivity subscale (mean incidence rate ratio [mIRR] = 1.11; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.00, 1.23), especially the hyperactivity/impulsivity subdomain (mIRR = 1.14; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.06, 1.26). These associations remained similar after restricting to children with ASD. The inattention subdomain was associated with a phenols/parabens mixture, weighted for several parabens and bisphenols (mIRR = 1.13; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.00, 1.28) and a total mixture, weighted for 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, MNBR and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (mIRR = 1.11; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.01,1.25) only among children with ASD. Conclusions Concurrent exposure to phthalate mixtures was associated with hyperactivity in early childhood. Though causal inference cannot be made based on our cross-sectional findings, this study warrants further research on mixtures of larger number of chemicals from multiple classes in association with ADHD-related behaviors in young children.
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13
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Nationwide geospatial analysis of county racial and ethnic composition and public drinking water arsenic and uranium. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7461. [PMID: 36460659 PMCID: PMC9718774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no safe level of exposure to inorganic arsenic or uranium, yet recent studies identified sociodemographic and regional inequalities in concentrations of these frequently detected contaminants in public water systems across the US. We analyze the county-level association between racial/ethnic composition and public water arsenic and uranium concentrations from 2000-2011 using geospatial models. We find that higher proportions of Hispanic/Latino and American Indian/Alaskan Native residents are associated with significantly higher arsenic and uranium concentrations. These associations differ in magnitude and direction across regions; higher proportions of non-Hispanic Black residents are associated with higher arsenic and uranium in regions where concentrations of these contaminants are high. The findings from this nationwide geospatial analysis identifying racial/ethnic inequalities in arsenic and uranium concentrations in public drinking water across the US can advance environmental justice initiatives by informing regulatory action and financial and technical support to protect communities of color.
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14
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Ahmid K, Specht A, Morikawa L, Ceballos D, Wylie S. Lead and other toxic metals in plastic play foods: Results from testing citizen science, lead detection tools in childcare settings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115904. [PMID: 36104879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A method development pilot study examining citizen science tools for assessing lead in childcare settings identified plastic food toys as an unexpected potential source of lead and arsenic. Collaborating researchers at three universities sought to develop a low cost, replicable approach for use in childcare centers to identify lead. Through graduate Environmental Health courses at Northeastern and Boston Universities, 197 Plastic Food Toys (PFTs) used in a childcare center were tested for lead using a portable X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) instrument and a colorimetric wipe method for detecting surface lead. The XRF identified concerning levels of lead and co-occurring arsenic in PFTs. The XRF analysis found 8.63% (17/197) of PFTs from the childcare center contained more than 100.00 ppm of lead, the U.S. Consumer Protection Safety Commission's (CPSC) upper regulatory threshold for lead in childrens' products. However, wipes did not detect removable surface lead. Lead concentrations ranged from 6.14 ppm to 11,999.00 ppm with a median of 40.00 ppm. Additionally, 7.10% of all PFTs tested had detectable levels of arsenic which ranged from 9.30 ppm to 1134.42 ppm and had a median value of 113.20 ppm. Arsenic concentrations in 6.60% of PFTs' exceeded the US voluntary standard for arsenic in children's products of 25.00 ppm (adopted from the EU standard). These findings prompted further sampling of similar newly-purchased PFTs. None of the newly-purchased PFTs tested positive for lead or arsenic (0/87). Several other elements were also identified, particularly in the used PFTs. Because these food-like toys are frequently put in children's mouths, we recommend further investigation of PFTs in circulation via citizen science combining the wipe and XRF method as they provide immediate data to participants. Additionally, CPSC should consider a systematic recall of some used PFTs to prevent exposure disparities by socio-economic status and increased surveillance for other toxic metals in new PFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleem Ahmid
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston MA, 02115, USA; Wylie Environmental Data Justice Lab, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Aaron Specht
- Department of Environmental Health, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Larissa Morikawa
- Wylie Environmental Data Justice Lab, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Diana Ceballos
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Sara Wylie
- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, USA; Social Science and Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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15
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Meng F, Huang Q, Cai Y, Yuan G, Xiao L, Han FX. Effect of humic acid derived from leonardite on the redistribution of uranium fractions in soil. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14162. [PMID: 36225909 PMCID: PMC9549884 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Humic acids (HAs) are complex organic substances with abundant functional groups (e.g., carboxyl, phenolic-OH, etc.). They are commonly distributed in the soil environment and exert a double-edged sword effect in controlling the migration and transformation of uranium. However, the effects of HAs on dynamic processes associated with uranium transformation are still unclear. In this study, we used HAs derived from leonardite (L-HA) and commercial HA (C-HA) as exogenous organic matter and C-HA as the reference. UO2, UO3, and UO2(NO3)2 were used as the sources of U to explore the fractionations of uranium in the soil. We also studied the behavior of the HA. The incubation experiments were designed to investigate the effects of HA on the soil pH, uranium fraction transformation, dynamic behavior of exchangeable, weak acid, and labile uranium. The observations were made for one month. The results showed that soil pH decreased for L-HA but increased for C-HA. Under these conditions, uranium tended to transform into an inactive fraction. The dynamic behavior of exchangeable, weak acid, and labile uranium varied with the sources of HA and uranium. This study highlighted that HA could affect soil pH and the dynamic redistribution of U fractions. The results suggest that the sources of HA and U should be considered when using HA as the remediation material for uranium-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fande Meng
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, China,Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States of America,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiuxiang Huang
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yongbing Cai
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fengxiang X. Han
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States of America
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16
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Mishra DK, Awasthi H, Srivastava D, Fatima Z. Phytochemical: a treatment option for heavy metal induced neurotoxicity. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:513-530. [PMID: 35749142 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. Some heavy metals are necessary while present in the growing medium in moderate concentrations known to be essential heavy metals as they required for the body functioning as a nutrient. But there are some unwanted metals and are also toxic to the environment and create a harmful impact on the body, which termed to be non-essential heavy metals. Upon exposure, the heavy metals decrease the major antioxidants of cells and enzymes with the thiol group and affect cell division, proliferation, and apoptosis. It interacts with the DNA repair mechanism and initiates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It subsequently binds to the mitochondria and may inhibit respiratory and oxidative phosphorylation in even low concentrations. This mechanism leads to damage antioxidant repair mechanism of neuronal cells and turns into neurotoxicity. Now, phytochemicals have led to good practices in the health system. Phytochemicals that are present in the fruits and herbs can preserve upon free radical damage. Thus, this review paper summarized various phytochemicals which can be utilized as a treatment option to reverse the effect of the toxicity caused by the ingestion of heavy metals in our body through various environmental or lifestyles ways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Himani Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Zeeshan Fatima
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, India
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17
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Uranium: occurrence, distribution across India and its potential health effects. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Research on the effect of Deinococcus radiodurans transformed by dsrA-flr-2 double gene on the enrichment performance of uranium(VI). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Drinking Water Quality and Public Health in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Coliform Bacteria, Chemical Contaminants, and Health Status of Consumers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:3895859. [PMID: 35190745 PMCID: PMC8858048 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3895859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Residents of Nepal’s Kathmandu Valley draw drinking water from tube wells, dug wells, and stone spouts, all of which have been reported to have serious water quality issues. In this study, we analyzed drinking water samples from 35 tube wells, dug wells, stone spouts, and municipal tap water for bacterial and chemical contaminants, including total and fecal coliform, aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, fluoride, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, selenium, thallium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. We also asked a sampling of households who used these specific water sources to rate the taste of their water, list any waterborne diseases they were aware of, and share basic health information about household members. This survey provided us with information from 146 households and 603 individuals. We found widespread bacterial contamination of water sources, with 94% of sources having detectable total or fecal coliform. Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards and World Health Organization (WHO) Drinking-Water Guidelines or health-based values were exceeded for aluminum (max = 0.53 mg/L), arsenic (max = 0.071 mg/L), iron (max = 7.22 mg/L), and manganese (max = 3.229 mg/L). The distribution of water sources with high arsenic, iron, and manganese appeared to be associated with floodplain deposits. Mixed effects logistic regression models were used to examine the interactions between social factors and water contaminants and their effects on household members’ health. Consumers of water sources with both high and low concentrations of manganese were less likely to have a positive attitude towards school than those whose water sources had moderate concentrations of manganese. Social factors, especially education, played a large role in predicting individual health outcomes. Household taste ratings of drinking water were not correlated with iron or manganese concentrations, suggesting that WHO’s reliance on aesthetic criteria for these contaminants instead of formal drinking-water guidelines may not be sufficient to protect public health.
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20
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Li S, Zhu Q, Luo J, Shu Y, Guo K, Xie J, Xiao F, He S. Application Progress of Deinococcus radiodurans in Biological Treatment of Radioactive Uranium-Containing Wastewater. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:417-426. [PMID: 34744197 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00969-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioactive uranium wastewater contains a large amount of radionuclide uranium and other heavy metal ions. The radioactive uranium wastewater discharged into the environment will not only pollute the natural environment, but also threat human health. Therefore, the treatment of radioactive uranium wastewater is a current research focus for many researchers. The treatment in radioactive uranium wastewater mainly includes physical, chemical and biological methods. At present, the using of biological treatment to treat uranium in radioactive uranium wastewater has been gradually shown its superiority and advantages. Deinococcus radiodurans is a famous microorganism with the most radiation resistant to ionizing radiation in the world, and can also resist various other extreme pressures. D. radiodurans can be directly used for the adsorption of uranium in radioactive waste water, and it can also transform other functional genes into D. radiodurans to construct genetically engineered bacteria, and then applied to the treatment of radioactive uranium containing wastewater. Radionuclides uranium in radioactive uranium-containing wastewater treated by D. radiodurans involves a lot of mechanisms. This article reviews currently the application of D. radiodurans that directly or construct genetically engineered bacteria in the treatment of radioactive uranium wastewater and discusses the mechanism of D. radiodurans in bioremediation of uranium. The application of constructing an engineered bacteria of D. radiodurans with powerful functions in uranium-containing wastewater is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Yangzhen Shu
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Kexin Guo
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Jingxi Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Fangzhu Xiao
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Shuya He
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
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21
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Vechetti IJ, Wen Y, Hoffman JF, Alimov AP, Vergara VB, Kalinich JF, Gaitens JM, Hines SE, McDiarmid MA, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Urine miRNAs as potential biomarkers for systemic reactions induced by exposure to embedded metal. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1397-1410. [PMID: 34541869 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Explore the potential of urine microRNAs as biomarkers that may reflect the biological responses to pure metals embedded in skeletal muscle over time. Materials & methods: We tested a panel of military-relevant metals embedded in the gastrocnemius muscles of 3-month-old, male, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8/group) for a duration of 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, and performed small RNA-sequencing on the urine samples. Results: Results provide potential tissue targets affected by metal exposure and a list of unique or common urine microRNA biomarkers indicative of exposure to various metals, highlighting a complex systemic response. Conclusion: We have identified a panel of miRNAs as potential urine biomarkers to reflect the complex systemic response to embedded metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, College of Education & Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jessica F Hoffman
- Internal Contamination & Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Alexander P Alimov
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Vernieda B Vergara
- Internal Contamination & Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - John F Kalinich
- Internal Contamination & Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Joanna M Gaitens
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Stella E Hines
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Melissa A McDiarmid
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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22
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Defining drinking water metal contaminant mixture risk by coupling zebrafish behavioral analysis with citizen science. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17303. [PMID: 34453073 PMCID: PMC8397788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Contaminated drinking water is an important public health consideration in New England where well water is often found to contain arsenic and other metals such as cadmium, lead, and uranium. Chronic or high level exposure to these metals have been associated with multiple acute and chronic diseases, including cancers and impaired neurological development. While individual metal levels are often regulated, adverse health effects of metal mixtures, especially at concentrations considered safe for human consumption remain unclear. Here, we utilized a multivariate analysis that examined behavioral outcomes in the zebrafish model as a function of multiple metal chemical constituents of 92 drinking well water samples, collected in Maine and New Hampshire. To collect these samples, a citizen science approach was used, that engaged local teachers, students, and scientific partners. Our analysis of 4016 metal-mixture combinations shows that changes in zebrafish behavior are highly mixture dependent, and indicate that certain combinations of metals, especially those containing arsenic, cadmium, lead, and uranium, even at levels considered safe in drinking water, are significant drivers of behavioral toxicity. Our data emphasize the need to consider low-level chemical mixture effects and provide a framework for a more in-depth analysis of drinking water samples. We also provide evidence for the efficacy of utilizing citizen science in research, as the broader impact of this work is to empower local communities to advocate for improving their own water quality.
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23
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Tournier BB, Ibanez C, Tourlonias E, Petitot F, Paquet F, Dublineau I, Lestaevel P. Brain accumulation of inhaled uranium in the rat depends on aerosol concentration, exposure repetitions, particle size and solubility. Toxicol Lett 2021; 351:10-17. [PMID: 34363895 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A rostro-caudal gradient of uranium (U) in the brain has been suggested after its inhalation. To study the factors influencing this mapping, we first used 30-min acute inhalation at 56 mg/m3 of the relatively soluble form UO4 in the rat. These exposure parameters were then used as a reference in comparison with the other experimental conditions. Other groups received acute inhalation at different concentrations, repeated low dose inhalation of UO4 (10 exposures) or acute low dose inhalation of the insoluble form UO2. At 24 h after the last exposure, all rats showed a brain U accumulation with a rostro-caudal gradient as compared to controls. However, the total concentration to the brain was greater after repeated exposure than acute exposure, demonstrating an accumulative effect. In comparison with the low dose soluble U exposure, a higher accumulation in the front of the brain was observed after exposure to higher dose, to insoluble particles and following repetition of exposures, thus demonstrating a dose effect and influences of solubility and repetition of exposures. In the last part, exposure to ultrafine U particles made it possible to show 24 h after exposure the presence of U in the brain according to a rostro-caudal gradient. Finally, the time-course after exposure to micronic or nanometric U particles has revealed greater residence times for nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Tournier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chrystelle Ibanez
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Elie Tourlonias
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Nucléagis SAS, 63480, Vertolaye, France
| | - Fabrice Petitot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DEN, DUSP, Service de Protection contre les Rayonnements, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | - François Paquet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE, 13115, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Dublineau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEDRE, Unité d'expertise des sites et des déchets radioactifs, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Philippe Lestaevel
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SESANE, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie et Radiobiologie Expérimentale, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SER, Bureau d'Analyse et de Suivi des Expositions Professionnelles, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Chen L, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou J, Luo D, Li Z. Uranium (U) source, speciation, uptake, toxicity and bioremediation strategies in soil-plant system: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125319. [PMID: 33582470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uranium(U), a highly toxic radionuclide, is becoming a great threat to soil health development, as returning nuclear waste containing U into the soil systems is increased. Numerous studies have focused on: i) tracing the source in U contaminated soils; ii) exploring U geochemistry; and iii) assessing U phyto-uptake and its toxicity to plants. Yet, there are few literature reviews that systematically summarized the U in soil-plant system in past decade. Thus, we present its source, geochemical behavior, uptake, toxicity, detoxification, and bioremediation strategies based on available data, especially published from 2018 to 2021. In this review, we examine processes that can lead to the soil U contamination, indicating that mining activities are currently the main sources. We discuss the relationship between U bioavailability in the soil-plant system and soil conditions including redox potential, soil pH, organic matter, and microorganisms. We then review the soil-plant transfer of U, finding that U mainly accumulates in roots with a quite limited translocation. However, plants such as willow, water lily, and sesban are reported to translocate high U levels from roots to aerial parts. Indeed, U does not possess any identified biological role, but provokes numerous deleterious effects such as reducing seed germination, inhibiting plant growth, depressing photosynthesis, interfering with nutrient uptake, as well as oxidative damage and genotoxicity. Yet, plants tolerate U toxicity via various defense strategies including antioxidant enzymes, compartmentalization, and phytochelatin. Moreover, we review two biological remediation strategies for U-contaminated soil: (i) phytoremediation and (ii) microbial remediation. They are quite low-cost and eco-friendly compared with traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies. Finally, we conclude some promising research challenges regarding U biogeochemical behavior in soil-plant systems. This review, thus, further indicates that the combined application of U low accumulators and microbial inoculants may be an effective strategy for the bioremediation of U-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jinrong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- Third Institute Geological and Mineral Exploration of Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jiqiang Zhou
- Gansu Nonferrous Engineering Exploration & Design Research Institute, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, PR China
| | - Danqi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zimin Li
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute, Soil Science, Louvain-La-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
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Dubbin K, Dong Z, Park DM, Alvarado J, Su J, Wasson E, Robertson C, Jackson J, Bose A, Moya ML, Jiao Y, Hynes WF. Projection Microstereolithographic Microbial Bioprinting for Engineered Biofilms. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1352-1359. [PMID: 33508203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbes are critical drivers of all ecosystems and many biogeochemical processes, yet little is known about how the three-dimensional (3D) organization of these dynamic organisms contributes to their overall function. To probe how biofilm structure affects microbial activity, we developed a technique for patterning microbes in 3D geometries using projection stereolithography to bioprint microbes within hydrogel architectures. Bacteria were printed and monitored for biomass accumulation, demonstrating postprint viability of cells using this technique. We verified our ability to integrate biological and geometric complexity by fabricating a printed biofilm with two E. coli strains expressing different fluorescence. Finally, we examined the target application of microbial absorption of metal ions to investigate geometric effects on both the metal sequestration efficiency and the uranium sensing capability of patterned engineered Caulobacter crescentus strains. This work represents the first demonstration of the stereolithographic printing of microbials and presents opportunities for future work of engineered biofilms and other complex 3D structured cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Dubbin
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Ziye Dong
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Dan M Park
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Javier Alvarado
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Jimmy Su
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Elisa Wasson
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Claire Robertson
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Julie Jackson
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Arpita Bose
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Monica L Moya
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Yongqin Jiao
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - William F Hynes
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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Shankar P, Dashner-Titus EJ, Truong L, Hayward K, Hudson LG, Tanguay RL. Developmental toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to uranium: A comparison with lead, cadmium, and iron. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116097. [PMID: 33246768 PMCID: PMC7785642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Populations of plants and animals, including humans, living in close proximity to abandoned uranium mine sites are vulnerable to uranium exposure through drainage into nearby waterways, soil accumulation, and blowing dust from surface soils. Little is known about how the environmental impact of uranium exposure alters the health of human populations in proximity to mine sites, so we used developmental zebrafish (Danio rerio) to investigate uranium toxicity. Fish are a sensitive target for modeling uranium toxicity, and previous studies report altered reproductive capacity, enhanced DNA damage, and gene expression changes in fish exposed to uranium. In our study, dechorionated zebrafish embryos were exposed to a concentration range of uranyl acetate (UA) from 0 to 3000 μg/L for body burden measurements and developmental toxicity assessments. Uranium was taken up in a concentration-dependent manner by 48 and 120 h post fertilization (hpf)-zebrafish without evidence of bioaccumulation. Exposure to UA was not associated with teratogenic outcomes or 24 hpf behavioral effects, but larvae at 120 hpf exhibited a significant hypoactive photomotor response associated with exposure to 3 μg/L UA which suggested potential neurotoxicity. To our knowledge, this is the first time that uranium has been associated with behavioral effects in an aquatic organism. These results were compared to potential metal co-contaminants using the same exposure paradigm. Similar to uranium exposure, lead, cadmium, and iron significantly altered neurobehavioral outcomes in 120-hpf zebrafish without inducing significant teratogenicity. Our study informs concerns about the potential impacts of developmental exposure to uranium on childhood neurobehavioral outcomes. This work also sets the stage for future, environmentally relevant metal mixture studies. Summary Uranium exposure to developing zebrafish causes hypoactive larval swimming behavior similar to the effect of other commonly occurring metals in uranium mine sites. This is the first time that uranium exposure has been associated with altered neurobehavioral effects in any aquatic organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Shankar
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Erica J Dashner-Titus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Lisa Truong
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Kimberly Hayward
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Robyn L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Lu B, Ran Y, Wang S, Li J, Zhao Y, Ran X, Li R, Hao Y. Chronic oral depleted uranium leads to reproductive damage in male rats through the ROS-hnRNP A2/B1-COX-2 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2020; 449:152666. [PMID: 33359576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) is widely used in civil and military activities. The testis is one of the target organs of DU chronic toxicity. In this study, male SD rats were chronically exposed to DU by 3, 30, 300 mg U/kg through oral intake. After 6 months and 12 months of exposure, it was found that DU could lead to increased oxidative stress levels, decreased glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) expression, resulting in testicular injury and decreased serum testosterone (T) level in rats. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNP A2/B1) expression increases with the increase of DU exposure dose. After upregulation of hnRNP A2/B1 expression, the GC-1 cell injury caused by DU is aggravated, suggesting that hnRNP A2/B1 may play an important role in the reproductive toxicity of DU. At the same time, 12 months after chronic oral exposure to DU, the expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and proinflammatory factor prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in testicular tissue were increased, and the level of hnRNP A2/B1 caused by DU was decreased by reactive oxygen scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). As hnRNP A2/B1 is a COX-2 regulator, DU may lead to the upregulation of hnRNP A2/B1 expression through the increase of oxidative stress level in germ cells, which in turn leads to the increase of COX-2 and PGE2 level, and ultimately result in the reproductive toxicity. In this study, the regulation mechanism of the ROS-hnRNP A2/B1-COX-2 pathway on DU-induced reproductive damage in male rats was hypothesized, providing a new target for the prevention and treatment of chronic poisoning of DU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yonghong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yazhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xinze Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yuhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Carmona A, Porcaro F, Somogyi A, Roudeau S, Domart F, Medjoubi K, Aubert M, Isnard H, Nonell A, Rincel A, Paredes E, Vidaud C, Malard V, Bresson C, Ortega R. Cytoplasmic aggregation of uranium in human dopaminergic cells after continuous exposure to soluble uranyl at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Neurotoxicology 2020; 82:35-44. [PMID: 33166614 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Uranium exposure can lead to neurobehavioral alterations in particular of the monoaminergic system, even at non-cytotoxic concentrations. However, the mechanisms of uranium neurotoxicity after non-cytotoxic exposure are still poorly understood. In particular, imaging uranium in neurons at low intracellular concentration is still very challenging. We investigated uranium intracellular localization by means of synchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging with high spatial resolution (< 300 nm) and high analytical sensitivity (< 1 μg.g-1 per 300 nm pixel). Neuron-like SH-SY5Y human cells differentiated into a dopaminergic phenotype were continuously exposed, for seven days, to a non-cytotoxic concentration (10 μM) of soluble natural uranyl. Cytoplasmic submicron uranium aggregates were observed accounting on average for 62 % of the intracellular uranium content. In some aggregates, uranium and iron were co-localized suggesting common metabolic pathways between uranium and iron storage. Uranium aggregates contained no calcium or phosphorous indicating that detoxification mechanisms in neuron-like cells are different from those described in bone or kidney cells. Uranium intracellular distribution was compared to fluorescently labeled organelles (lysosomes, early and late endosomes) and to fetuin-A, a high affinity uranium-binding protein. A strict correlation could not be evidenced between uranium and the labeled organelles, or with vesicles containing fetuin-A. Our results indicate a new mechanism of uranium cytoplasmic aggregation after non-cytotoxic uranyl exposure that could be involved in neuronal defense through uranium sequestration into less reactive species. The remaining soluble fraction of uranium would be responsible for protein binding and for the resulting neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Carmona
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France.
| | | | - Andrea Somogyi
- Nanoscopium, Synchrotron SOLEIL Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Florelle Domart
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Kadda Medjoubi
- Nanoscopium, Synchrotron SOLEIL Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Michel Aubert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hélène Isnard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anthony Nonell
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anaïs Rincel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eduardo Paredes
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA, BIAM, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille, CEA-Marcoule, 30207 Bagnols Sur Cèze, France
| | - Véronique Malard
- Aix Marseille Univ., CEA, CNRS, BIAM, IPM, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance F-13108, France
| | - Carole Bresson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Etudes Analytiques Et De Réactivité Des Surfaces, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Richard Ortega
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France.
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Wang J, Fang F, Zhou Y, Yin M, Liu J, Wang J, Wu Y, Beiyuan J, Chen D. Facile modification of graphene oxide and its application for the aqueous uranyl ion sequestration: Insights on the mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127152. [PMID: 32544809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been proved with favorable affinity to U(VI), while some drawbacks such as poor dispersity and low adsorption performance limit its application. Herein, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) modified graphene oxide (MGO) composites were successfully fabricated, characterized and compared with graphene oxide (GO) in the sequestration of U(VI) in aqueous solutions. The results showed that maximum adsorption rate of MGO (99.21%) was obviously higher than that of GO (66.51%) under the same initial condition. Simultaneous introduction of C-H and NO coupled with the enhanced dispersity of GO after modification were mainly responsible for the updated performance verified with multiple characterization techniques. Based on the results of kinetics and isotherms investigations, the experimental data were best described by Pseudo-first-order kinetic model and Redlich-Peterson isotherm model. The results of ΔH, ΔS and ΔG show that adsorptive behaviors of uranyl ion on MGO are endothermic and spontaneous. The study provides a feasible alternative to the chemical modification of GO and enhancing the performance towards uranyl ion removal from solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fa Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuchen Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meiling Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jinwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingzi Beiyuan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Diyun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Ran Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Li J, Ran X, Hao Y. A review of biological effects and treatments of inhaled depleted uranium aerosol. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 222:106357. [PMID: 32755761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) is primarily used for DU bombs and DU tanks in the military. Aerosol inhalation is considered the primary route of DU exposure. Although laboratory tests have confirmed that inhalation of DU aerosol can cause lung, kidney, and other organ damage, epidemiological studies have found no conclusive evidence that persons in areas with prolonged exposure to DU-containing bombs are affected. After the body inhaled DU aerosols, we first clear the insoluble DU through whole-lung lavage (WLL). Then we eliminate the soluble uranium by the chelating agent. Besides, reducing DU damage to tissues and cells through drugs is also an important treatment method. In future research, emphasis should be placed on the damage mechanism of DU aerosol, the laboratory and clinical research of DU chelating agents, the research on the combination of DU chelating agent and WLL, and the research and development of new drugs to prevent DU damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yazhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xinze Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Gloaguen C, Raimundo AF, Elie C, Schmitt A, Floriani M, Favard S, Monneret D, Imbert-Bismut F, Weiss N, Deli MA, Tack K, Lestaevel P, Benadjaoud MA, Legendre A. Passage of uranium through human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells: influence of time exposure in mono- and co-culture in vitro models. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1597-1607. [PMID: 32990492 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1828655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depleted uranium (DU) has several civilian and military applications. The effects of this emerging environmental pollutant on human health raise some concerns. Previous experimental studies have shown that uranium (U) exposure can disturb the central nervous system. A small quantity of U reaches the brain via the blood, but the effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present work, two cell culture models were exposed to DU for different times to study its cytotoxicity, paracellular permeability and extracellular concentration of U. The well-known immortalized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, hCMEC/D3, were cultured on the filter in the first model. In the second model, human primary cells of pericytes were cultured under the filter to understand the influence of cell environment after U exposure. RESULTS The results show that U is not cytotoxic to hCMEC/D3 cells or pericytes until 500 µM (1.6 Bq.L-1). In addition, acute or chronic low-dose exposure of U did not disturb permeability and was conserved in both cell culture models. However, U is able to reach the brain compartment. During the first hours of exposure, the passage of U to the abluminal compartment was significantly reduced in the presence of pericytes. Electronic microscopy studies evidenced the formation of needlelike structures, like urchin-shaped precipitates, from 1 h of exposure. Analytical microscopy confirmed the U composition of these precipitates. Interestingly, precipitated U was detected only in endothelial cells and not in pericytes. U was localized in multilamellar or multivesicular bodies along the endo-lysosomal pathway, suggesting the involvement of these traffic vesicles in U sequestration and/or elimination. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time the in vitro passage of U across a human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, and the intracellular localization of U precipitates without any cytotoxicity or modification of paracellular permeability. The difference between the results obtained with monolayers and co-culture models with pericytes illustrates the need to use complex in vitro models in order to mimic the neurovascular unit. Further in vivo studies should be performed to better understand the passage of U across the blood-brain barrier potentially involved in behavioral consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gloaguen
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A F Raimundo
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - C Elie
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A Schmitt
- Electronic Microscopy Facility, INSERM UMR 1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - M Floriani
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - S Favard
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, La Pitié- Salpétrière- Charles Foix University Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - D Monneret
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, La Pitié- Salpétrière- Charles Foix University Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - F Imbert-Bismut
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, La Pitié- Salpétrière- Charles Foix University Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - N Weiss
- Sorbonne Université, Brain Liver Pitié-Salpêtrière (BLIPS) Study Group, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Département de Neurologie, Unité de réanimation neurologique, Paris, France.,Unité de réanimation neurologique, Pôle des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, et Institut de Neurosciences Translationnelles IHU-A-ICM, Paris, France
| | - M A Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - K Tack
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - P Lestaevel
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - M A Benadjaoud
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - A Legendre
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, PSE-SANTE/SERAMED, Fontenay aux Roses, France
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32
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Neurotoxicity in Gulf War Illness and the potential role of glutamate. Neurotoxicology 2020; 80:60-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dickerson AS, Wu AC, Liew Z, Weisskopf M. A Scoping Review of Non-Occupational Exposures to Environmental Pollutants and Adult Depression, Anxiety, and Suicide. Curr Environ Health Rep 2020; 7:256-271. [PMID: 32533365 PMCID: PMC7483936 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite a call for better understanding of the role of environmental pollutant influences on mental health and the tremendous public health burden of mental health, this issue receives far less attention than many other effects of pollutants. Here we summarize the body of literature on non-occupational environmental pollutant exposures and adult depression, anxiety, and suicide-in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsychINFO through the end of year 2018. RECENT FINDINGS One hundred twelve articles met our criteria for further review. Of these, we found 88 articles on depression, 33 on anxiety, and 22 on suicide (31 articles covered multiple outcomes). The earliest article was published in 1976, and the most frequent exposure of interest was air pollution (n = 33), followed by secondhand smoke (n = 20), metals (n = 18), noise (n = 17), and pesticides (n = 10). Other exposures studied less frequently included radiation, magnetic fields, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), volatile organic compounds, solvents, and reactive sulfur compounds. The current literature, although limited, clearly suggests many kinds of environmental exposures may be risk factors for depression, anxiety, and suicide. For several pollutants, important limitations exist with many of the studies. Gaps in the body of research include a need for more longitudinal, life-course studies, studies that can measure cumulative exposures as well as shorter-term exposures, studies that reduce the possibility of reverse causation, and mechanistic studies focused on neurotoxic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha S Dickerson
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander C Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Perinatal Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Marc Weisskopf
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Suite 1402, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Wang S, Ran Y, Lu B, Li J, Kuang H, Gong L, Hao Y. A Review of Uranium-Induced Reproductive Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:204-213. [PMID: 31621007 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As a heavy metal nuclear fuel, uranium is used in various civil and military projects, resulting in environmental pollution. Uranium can enter the body through the mouth, nose and skin, threatening human health. The reproductive organs are sensitive to uranium. For certain exposure times, doses and modes, uranium can produce toxic effects on the reproductive organs. The reproductive toxicity of uranium can be produced through different mechanisms of action, such as changing the level of sex hormones in the body, disrupting the expression of genes or proteins related to reproduction and causing oxidative stress and inflammation. Uranium thus can cause toxic effects to the reproductive system, leading to histopathological changes and decreased conception rates, and may damage the health of the body. This paper reviews the research progress on uranium reproductive toxicity in recent years and indicates a direction for future research on uranium reproductive toxicity and its mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yonghong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongrong Kuang
- Chongqing Normal University, No.37, Middle University Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Gong
- Chongqing Normal University, No.37, Middle University Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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35
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Lu M, Li H, Li Y, Lu Y, Wang H, Wang X. Exploring the Toxicology of Depleted Uranium with Caenorhabditis elegans. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12119-12125. [PMID: 32548391 PMCID: PMC7271045 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) is an emerging heavy metal pollutant with considerable environmental and occupational concerns. Its radiotoxicity is known to be low. However, its chemical toxicity should not be ignored. In order to explore the chemical toxicity of DU, the effects of uranyl nitrate, prepared from DU, on the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. Chronic exposure to DU did not affect the lifespan or reproduction of the worm. DU had little effect on the physiological processes of C. elegans. Additionally, DU treatment did not make C. elegans more susceptible to UV, heat, or oxidative stress. Interestingly, chronic exposure of DU decreased the in vivo reactive oxygen species-scavenging ability through inhibiting the expression of antioxidant genes ctl-1, ctl-2, ctl-3, gst-7, and gst-10. Chronic but not acute exposure of DU induced a statistically significant degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons of treated worms and promoted the increase of α-synuclein aggregation and DAergic neurotoxicity. These findings may raise the public concerns regarding DU as an etiologic agent of Parkinson's disease and underline its potential neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Lu
- State Key Laboratory
for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of
Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of
Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Humanities & Information, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Yuyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics
and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hengshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory
for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of
Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of
Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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36
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Assessment of trace metal alterations in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid and tissue samples of patients with malignant brain tumors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3816. [PMID: 32123254 PMCID: PMC7052226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of malignant brain tumors (MBTs) should be better understood due to the evident association between prolonged exposure to metals and increased risk of MBTs. The present research aimed to find trace metals that could contribute to the pathogenesis of MBTs. Essential trace elements (Mn, Co, Zn, Cu, Se) and relevant toxic metals (Al, Ni, As, Sr, Cd, Ce, Pt, Pb, U) in the serum, cell fraction (CF), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cancerous tissue (CT) samples of MBT patients were analyzed. The results were compared with sex- and age-matched control groups. For the first time, this research showed that elemental profiles of serum, CF, CSF and CT samples in MBT patients were significantly altered compared to the appropriate controls, as well as that higher contents of trace elements (particularly Mn, Se, and Pb) could be involved in the pathogenesis of MBTs. However, the most noticeable change found was the elevated U content, indicating its considerable role as a major cerebral discriminator of the presence/absence of MBTs. The U/Se ratio could be considered as an appropriate blood marker in diagnostic MBT evaluation. The reported results could contribute to better understanding of the poorly understood pathogenesis of MBTs. Furthermore, the reported results could highlight a molecular basis for the pathophysiological changes caused by the hazardous effects of trace metals on brain homeostasis.
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37
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Amine-functionalized magnetite-silica nanoparticles as effective adsorbent for removal of uranium(VI) ions. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vidaud C, Robert M, Paredes E, Ortega R, Avazeri E, Jing L, Guigonis JM, Bresson C, Malard V. Deciphering the uranium target proteins in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2141-2154. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Golden AP, Ellis ED, Cohen SS, Mumma MT, Leggett RW, Wallace PW, Girardi D, Watkins JP, Shore RE, Boice JD. Updated mortality analysis of the Mallinckrodt uranium processing workers, 1942–2012. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 98:701-721. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1569773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Girardi
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | - Roy E. Shore
- Epidemiology Division, New York University School of Medicine, NewYork, NY, USA
- Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - John D. Boice
- National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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40
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Paredes E, Malard V, Vidaud C, Avazeri E, Ortega R, Nonell A, Isnard H, Chartier F, Bresson C. Isotopic variations of copper at the protein fraction level in neuronal human cells exposed in vitro to uranium. Analyst 2019; 144:5928-5933. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accurate isotope ratio determination was downscaled to the level of metal-containing protein fractions obtained from cell line lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Paredes
- Den – Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Véronique Malard
- CEA
- DRF
- Biosciences and biotechnologies institute (BIAM)
- Bagnols-sur-Cèze
- France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA
- DRF
- Biosciences and biotechnologies institute (BIAM)
- Bagnols-sur-Cèze
- France
| | - Emilie Avazeri
- CEA
- DRF
- Biosciences and biotechnologies institute (BIAM)
- Bagnols-sur-Cèze
- France
| | - Richard Ortega
- University of Bordeaux
- CENBG
- UMR 5797
- F-33170 Gradignan
- France
| | - Anthony Nonell
- Den – Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Hélène Isnard
- Den – Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Frédéric Chartier
- Den – Département de Physico-Chimie (DPC)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Gif sur Yvette
- France
| | - Carole Bresson
- Den – Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Gif sur Yvette
- France
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41
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Paredes E, Avazeri E, Malard V, Vidaud C, Reiller PE, Ortega R, Nonell A, Isnard H, Chartier F, Bresson C. Impact of uranium uptake on isotopic fractionation and endogenous element homeostasis in human neuron-like cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17163. [PMID: 30464301 PMCID: PMC6249223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of natural uranium (U) on differentiated human neuron-like cells exposed to 1, 10, 125, and 250 µM of U for seven days was assessed. In particular, the effect of the U uptake on the homeostatic modulation of several endogenous elements (Mg, P, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu), the U isotopic fractionation upon its incorporation by the cells and the evolution of the intracellular Cu and Zn isotopic signatures were studied. The intracellular accumulation of U was accompanied by a preferential uptake of 235U for cells exposed to 1 and 10 µM of U, whereas no significant isotopic fractionation was observed between the extra- and the intracellular media for higher exposure U concentrations. The U uptake was also found to modulate the homeostasis of Cu, Fe, and Mn for cells exposed to 125 and 250 µM of U, but the intracellular Cu isotopic signature was not modified. The intracellular Zn isotopic signature was not modified either. The activation of the non-specific U uptake pathway might be related to this homeostatic modulation. All together, these results show that isotopic and quantitative analyses of toxic and endogenous elements are powerful tools to help deciphering the toxicity mechanisms of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Paredes
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emilie Avazeri
- CEA, DRF, Biosciences and biotechnologies institute (BIAM), F-30200, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Véronique Malard
- Laboratory of Protein-Metal Interactions (LIPM), Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265 CEA - CNRS - Aix Marseille Univ, CEA Cadarache, F-13108, Cadarache, France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA, DRF, Biosciences and biotechnologies institute (BIAM), F-30200, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Pascal E Reiller
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Richard Ortega
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170, Gradignan, France.,CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170, Gradignan, France
| | - Anthony Nonell
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Hélène Isnard
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Chartier
- Den - Département de Physico-Chimie (DPC), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Carole Bresson
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France.
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Banza Lubaba Nkulu C, Casas L, Haufroid V, De Putter T, Saenen ND, Kayembe-Kitenge T, Musa Obadia P, Kyanika Wa Mukoma D, Lunda Ilunga JM, Nawrot TS, Luboya Numbi O, Smolders E, Nemery B. Sustainability of artisanal mining of cobalt in DR Congo. NATURE SUSTAINABILITY 2018; 1:495-504. [PMID: 30288453 PMCID: PMC6166862 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-018-0139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sustainability of cobalt is an important emerging issue because this critical base metal is an essential component of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. More than half the world's cobalt mine production comes from the Katanga Copperbelt in DR Congo, with a substantial proportion (estimated at 15-20%) being extracted by artisanal miners. Here we show, in a case study performed in the town of Kolwezi, that people living in a neighbourhood that had been transformed into an artisanal cobalt mine, had much higher levels of cobalt in urine and blood than people living in a nearby control area. The differences were most pronounced for children, in whom we also found evidence of exposure-related oxidative DNA damage. It was already known that industrial mining and processing of metals have led to severe environmental pollution in the region. This field study provides novel and robust empirical evidence that the artisanal extraction of cobalt that prevails in the DR Congo may cause toxic harm to vulnerable communities. This strengthens the conclusion that the currently existing cobalt supply chain is not sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célestin Banza Lubaba Nkulu
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo
| | - Lidia Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and
Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL),
Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,
Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry De Putter
- Geodynamics and Mineral Resources Unit, Royal Museum for Central
Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Nelly D. Saenen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,
Belgium
| | - Tony Kayembe-Kitenge
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo
| | - Paul Musa Obadia
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo
| | - Daniel Kyanika Wa Mukoma
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo
| | - Jean-Marie Lunda Ilunga
- Department of Geology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi,
Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and
Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,
Belgium
| | - Oscar Luboya Numbi
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Water and Soil Management, Department of Earth and
Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and
Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Corresponding author: B. Nemery, MD, PhD. Centre
for Environment and Health, Herestraat 49 (706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Tel
+3216330801, fax +3216330806,
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43
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Carmona A, Malard V, Avazeri E, Roudeau S, Porcaro F, Paredes E, Vidaud C, Bresson C, Ortega R. Uranium exposure of human dopaminergic cells results in low cytotoxicity, accumulation within sub-cytoplasmic regions, and down regulation of MAO-B. Neurotoxicology 2018; 68:177-188. [PMID: 30076899 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural uranium is an ubiquitous element present in the environment and human exposure to low levels of uranium is unavoidable. Although the main target of acute uranium toxicity is the kidney, some concerns have been recently raised about neurological effects of chronic exposure to low levels of uranium. Only very few studies have addressed the molecular mechanisms of uranium neurotoxicity, indicating that the cholinergic and dopaminergic systems could be altered. The main objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of natural uranium toxicity, after 7-day continuous exposure, on terminally differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells exhibiting a dopaminergic phenotype. Cell viability was first assessed showing that uranium cytotoxicity only occurred at high exposure concentrations (> 125 μM), far from the expected values for uranium in the blood even after occupational exposure. SH-SY5Y differentiated cells were then continuously exposed to 1, 10, 125 or 250 μM of natural uranium for 7 days and uranium quantitative subcellular distribution was investigated by means of micro-PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission). The subcellular element imaging revealed that uranium was located in defined perinuclear regions of the cytoplasm, suggesting its accumulation in organelles. Uranium was not detected in the nucleus of the differentiated cells. Quantitative analysis evidenced a very low intracellular uranium content at non-cytotoxic levels of exposure (1 and 10 μM). At higher levels of exposure (125 and 250 μM), when cytotoxic effects begin, a larger and disproportional intracellular accumulation of uranium was observed. Finally the expression of dopamine-related genes was quantified using real time qRT-PCR. The expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) gene was statistically significantly decreased after exposure to uranium while other dopamine-related genes were not modified. The down regulation of MAO-B was confirmed at the protein level. This original result suggests that the inhibition of dopamine catabolism, but also of other MAO-B substrates, could constitute selective effects of uranium neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Carmona
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France; CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Véronique Malard
- Laboratory of Protein-Metal Interactions (LIPM), Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix Marseille (BIAM), UMR7265 CEA - CNRS - Aix Marseille Univ, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Emilie Avazeri
- CEA, DRF, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (BIAM), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France; CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Francesco Porcaro
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France; CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Eduardo Paredes
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA, DRF, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (BIAM), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Carole Bresson
- Den - Service d'Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivité des Surfaces (SEARS), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Richard Ortega
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France; CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France.
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44
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Yue YC, Li MH, Wang HB, Zhang BL, He W. The toxicological mechanisms and detoxification of depleted uranium exposure. Environ Health Prev Med 2018; 23:18. [PMID: 29769021 PMCID: PMC5956823 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) has been widely applied in industrial and military activities, and is often obtained from producing fuel for nuclear reactors. DU may be released into the environment, polluting air, soil, and water, and is considered to exert both radiological and chemical toxicity. In humans and animals, DU can induce multiple health effects, such as renal tubular necrosis and bone malignancies. This review summarizes the known information on DU’s routes of entry, mechanisms of toxicity, and health effects. In addition, we survey the chelating agents used in ameliorating DU toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Yue
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Miloudi H, Locatelli M, Autret G, Balvay D, Desbree A, Blanchardon E, Bertho JM. Application of rodes software to experimental biokinetic data for dose assessment in mice and rats. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2017; 37:564-583. [PMID: 28617675 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/aa6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
H Miloudi, M Locatelli, G Autret, D Balvay, A Desbrée, E Blanchardon, J M Bertho: application of RODES software to experimental biokinetic data for dose assessment in mice and rats. In support of experimental studies of chronic, long-term contamination in rodents, voxel-based computer models were built representing adult mice and juvenile, adult and elderly rats of both sexes. RODES software was created to calculate absorbed radiation doses to organs with these specific anatomical models. Absorbed doses were then calculated starting from previously published biokinetic data. Whole body doses showed less than 5% differences between calculation with RODES and calculation with the ICRP Publication 108 model for long term exposure to 90Sr of mice. Similar results were obtained for long term exposure to 137Cs. Dose distribution for 90Sr internal contamination also showed that the dose to the skeleton is six fold more as compared to the whole body dose while radiation dose to other organs is less than the mean whole body dose. These results underline the importance of using specific anatomical models according to the age and the sex of experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Miloudi
- Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM/SDI/LEDI, Fontenay-aux-roses, France
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46
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Chronic Exposure to Uranium from Gestation: Effects on Behavior and Neurogenesis in Adulthood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14050536. [PMID: 28513543 PMCID: PMC5451987 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Uranium exposure leads to cerebral dysfunction involving for instance biochemical, neurochemical and neurobehavioral effects. Most studies have focused on mechanisms in uranium-exposed adult animals. However, recent data on developing animals have shown that the developing brain is also sensitive to uranium. Models of uranium exposure during brain development highlight the need to improve our understanding of the effects of uranium. In a model in which uranium exposure began from the first day of gestation, we studied the neurobehavioral consequences as well as the progression of hippocampal neurogenesis in animals from dams exposed to uranium. Our results show that 2-month-old rats exposed to uranium from gestational day 1 displayed deficits in special memory and a prominent depressive-like phenotype. Cell proliferation was not disturbed in these animals, as shown by 5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine (BrdU)/neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN) immunostaining in the dentate gyrus. However, in some animals, the pyramidal cell layer was dispersed in the CA3 region. From our previous results with the same model, the hypothesis of alterations of neurogenesis at prior stages of development is worth considering, but is probably not the only one. Therefore, further investigations are needed to correlate cerebral dysfunction and its underlying mechanistic pathways.
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47
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Elucidating bonding preferences in tetrakis(imido)uranate(VI) dianions. Nat Chem 2017; 9:850-855. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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48
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Perillyl alcohol, a pleiotropic natural compound suitable for brain tumor therapy, targets free radicals. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 65:285-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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49
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Soares FA, Fagundez DA, Avila DS. Neurodegeneration Induced by Metals in Caenorhabditis elegans. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 18:355-383. [PMID: 28889277 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metals are a component of a variety of ecosystems and organisms. They can generally be divided into essential and nonessential metals. The essential metals are involved in physiological processes once the deficiency of these metals has been associated with diseases. Although iron, manganese, copper, and zinc are important for life, it has been evidenced that they are also involved in neuronal damage in many neurodegenerative disorders. Nonessential metals, which are metals without physiological functions, are present in trace or higher levels in living organisms. Occupational, environmental, or deliberate exposures to lead, mercury, aluminum, and cadmium are clearly correlated with the increase of toxicity and varied kinds of pathological situations. Actually, the field of neurotoxicology needs to satisfy two opposing demands: the testing of a growing list of chemicals and resource limitations and ethical concerns associated with testing using traditional mammalian species. Toxicological assays using alternative animal models may relieve some of this pressure by allowing testing of more compounds while reducing expenses and using fewer mammals. The nervous system is by far the more complex system in C. elegans. Almost a third of their cells are neurons (302 neurons versus 959 cells in adult hermaphrodite). It initially underwent extensive development as a model organism in order to study the nervous system, and its neuronal lineage and the complete wiring diagram of its nervous system are stereotyped and fully described. The neurotransmission systems are phylogenetically conserved from nematodes to vertebrates, which allows for findings from C. elegans to be extrapolated and further confirmed in vertebrate systems. Different strains of C. elegans offer a new perspective on neurodegenerative processes. Some genes have been found to be related to neurodegeneration induced by metals. Studying these interactions may be an effective tool to slow neuronal loss and deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Antunes Soares
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Daiana Silva Avila
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, 97508-000, Brazil.
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50
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Legrand M, Lam S, Anselme I, Gloaguen C, Ibanez C, Eriksson P, Lestaevel P, Dinocourt C. Exposure to depleted uranium during development affects neuronal differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and induces depressive-like behavior in offspring. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:153-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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