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Gómez-Sánchez N, Galindo N, Alfosea-Simón M, Nicolás JF, Crespo J, Yubero E. Chemical composition of PM 10 at a rural site in the western Mediterranean and its relationship with the oxidative potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142880. [PMID: 39019189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive chemical characterization (water-soluble ions, organic and elemental carbon, water- and methanol-soluble organic carbon, levoglucosan, and major and trace metals) of PM10 samples collected in a rural area located in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula was performed. Additionally, the oxidative potential of the samples, used as an indicator of aerosol toxicity, was determined by the ascorbic acid (OPAA) and dithiothreitol (OPDTT) assays. The average concentration of PM10 during the study period, spanning from late winter to early spring, was 20.2 ± 10.8 μg m-3. Nitrate, carbonate and calcium (accounting for 20% of the average PM10 mass concentration) and organic matter (with a contribution of 28%) were the main chemical components of PM10. Average concentrations of traffic tracers such as elemental carbon, copper and zinc (0.31 μg m-3, 3 ng m-3, and 9 ng m-3, respectively) were low compared with those obtained at an urban site in the same region, due to the almost total absence of traffic in the surrounding of the sampling site. Regarding levoglucosan and K+, which can be considered as tracers of biomass burning, their concentrations (0.12 μg m-3 and 55 ng m-3, respectively) were in the lower range of values reported for other rural areas in Europe, suggesting a moderate contribution form this source to PM10 levels. The results of the Pearson's correlation analysis showed that volume-normalised OPAA and OPDTT levels (average values of 0.11 and 0.32 nmol min-1 m-3, respectively) were sensitive to different PM10 chemical components. Whereas OPAA was not strongly correlated with any of the species measured, good correlation coefficients of OPDTT with water-soluble organic carbon (r = 0.81) and K+ (r = 0.73) were obtained, which points to biomass burning as an important driver of the DTT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Gómez-Sánchez
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Nuria Galindo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Marina Alfosea-Simón
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Jose F Nicolás
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Javier Crespo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Yubero
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
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Somayajulu M, Muhammed FS, Wright R, McClellan SA, Hazlett LD. Mechanisms of PM 10 Disruption of the Nrf2 Pathway in Cornea. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3754. [PMID: 38612568 PMCID: PMC11011424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that PM10 exposure causes oxidative stress and reduces Nrf2 protein levels, and SKQ1 pre-treatment protects against this damage in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-2). The current study focuses on uncovering the mechanisms underlying acute PM10 toxicity and SKQ1-mediated protection. HCE-2 were pre-treated with SKQ1 and then exposed to 100 μg/mL PM10. Cell viability, oxidative stress markers, programmed cell death, DNA damage, senescence markers, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Nrf2 cellular location and its transcriptional activity were determined. Effects of the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 were similarly evaluated. Data showed that PM10 decreased cell viability, Nrf2 transcriptional activity, and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, but increased p-PI3K, p-NFκB, COX-2, and iNOS proteins levels. Additionally, PM10 exposure significantly increased DNA damage, phosphor-p53, p16 and p21 protein levels, and β-galactosidase (β-gal) staining, which confirmed the senescence. SKQ1 pre-treatment reversed these effects. ML385 lowered the Nrf2 protein levels and mRNA levels of its downstream targets. ML385 also abrogated the protective effects of SKQ1 against PM10 toxicity by preventing the restoration of cell viability and reduced oxidative stress. In conclusion, PM10 induces inflammation, reduces Nrf2 transcriptional activity, and causes DNA damage, leading to a senescence-like phenotype, which is prevented by SKQ1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Linda D. Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.S.); (F.S.M.); (R.W.); (S.A.M.)
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de Lagarde VM, Chevalier L, Méausoone C, Cazier F, Dewaele D, Cazier-Dennin F, Janona M, Logie C, Achard S, André V, Rogez-Florent T, Monteil C, Corbiere C. Acute and repeated exposures of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells culture to particles from a coloured pyrotechnic smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 105:104327. [PMID: 38006978 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Coloured pyrotechnic smokes are frequently used in the military field and occasionally by civilians, but their health hazards have been little studied. The main concern could rise from inhalation of smoke particles. Our previous study showed that acute exposure to particles from a red signalling smoke (RSS) induced an antioxidant and inflammatory responses in small airway epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to further explore the toxicity of RSS particles at a more proximal level of the respiratory tract, using normal human bronchial epithelial cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface. Acute exposure (24 h) induced an oxidative stress that persisted 24 h post-exposure, associated with particle internalization and epithelium morphological changes (cuboidal appearance and loss of cilia). Repeated exposures (4×16h) to RSS particles did not trigger oxidative stress but cell morphological changes occurred. Overall, this study provides a better overview of the toxic effects of coloured smoke particles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Chevalier
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, GPM-UMR6634, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Clémence Méausoone
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM - Centre Commun de Mesures, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Dorothée Dewaele
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM - Centre Commun de Mesures, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Francine Cazier-Dennin
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 417, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Marion Janona
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Cathy Logie
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Achard
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm UMR1153 - CRESS, HERA " Health Environmental Risk Assessment ", 75005 Paris, France
| | - Véronique André
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Tiphaine Rogez-Florent
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christelle Monteil
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Cécile Corbiere
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France.
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Somayajulu M, McClellan SA, Muhammed F, Wright R, Hazlett LD. PM 10 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: effects on corneal epithelium. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1240903. [PMID: 37868351 PMCID: PMC10585254 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1240903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In vivo data indicate that mouse corneas exposed to PM10 showed early perforation and thinning after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To understand the mechanisms underlying this finding, we tested the effects of PM10 and the mitochondria targeted anti-oxidant SKQ1 in immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCET) that were challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 19660. Methods Mouse corneas were infected with strain 19660 after a 2 week whole-body exposure to PM10 or control air and assessed by clinical scores, slit lamp photography and western blot. HCET were exposed to 100μg/ml PM10 for 24h before challenge with strain 19660 (MOI 20). A subset of cells were pre-treated with 50nM SKQ1 for 1h before PM10 exposure. Phase contrast microscopy was used to study cell morphology, cell viability was measured by an MTT assay, and ROS by DCFH-DA. Levels of pro-inflammatory markers and anti-oxidant enzymes were evaluated by RT-PCR, western blot and ELISA. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated by assay kits. Results In vivo, whole body exposure to PM10 vs. control air exposed mouse corneas showed early perforation and/or corneal thinning at 3 days post infection, accompanied by increased TNF-α and decreased SOD2 protein levels. In vitro, PM10 induced a dose dependent reduction in cell viability of HCET and significantly increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to control. Exposure to PM10 before bacterial challenge further amplified the reduction in cell viability and GSH levels. Furthermore, PM10 exposure also exacerbated the increase in MDA and ROS levels and phase contrast microscopy revealed more rounded cells after strain 19660 challenge. PM10 exposure also further increased the mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, while anti-inflammatory IL-10 was decreased. SKQ1 reversed the rounded cell morphology observed by phase contrast microscopy, increased levels of MDA, ROS and pro-inflammatory molecules, and restored IL-10. Conclusions PM10 induces decreased cell viability, oxidative stress and inflammation in HCET and has an additive effect upon bacterial challenge. SKQ1 protects against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by PM10 after bacterial challenge by reversing these effects. The findings provide insight into mechanisms underlying early perforation and thinning observed in infected corneas of PM10 exposed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Linda D. Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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Shiwakoti S, Gong D, Sharma K, Kang KW, Schini-Kerth VB, Kim HJ, Ko JY, Oak MH. γ-Oryzanol ameliorates fine dust-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction via attenuating oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113981. [PMID: 37549806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Various cardiovascular diseases are associated with endothelial senescence, and a recent study showed that fine dust (FD)-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction is associated with increased oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate protective effect of rice bran extract (RBE) and its major component of γ-Oryzanol (γ-Ory) against FD-induced premature endothelial senescence. Porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (PCAECs) were treated with FD alone or with RBE or γ-Ory. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, and oxidative stress levels were evaluated. The results indicated that SA-β-gal activity in the FD-treated PCAECs was attenuated by RBE and γ-Ory. Additionally, γ-Ory inhibited FD-induced cell cycle arrest, restored cell proliferation, and reduced the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. γ-Ory also inhibited oxidative stress and prevented senescence-associated NADPH oxidase and LAS activity in FD-exposed ECs suggesting that γ-Ory could protect against FD-induced ECs senescence and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugat Shiwakoti
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dalseong Gong
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea; Regenerative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 1260, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kushal Sharma
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Woon Kang
- Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Heart Reasearch Institute and Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 1260, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Ko
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
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Giordano ME, Udayan G, Guascito MR, De Bartolomeo AR, Carlino A, Conte M, Contini D, Lionetto MG. Apoptotic volume decrease (AVD) in A 549 cells exposed to water-soluble fraction of particulate matter (PM 10). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1218687. [PMID: 37492639 PMCID: PMC10364053 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1218687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is recognized as a human health risk factor of great concern. The present work aimed to study the cellular mechanisms underlying cytotoxic effects of airborne particulate matter <10 µm in size (PM10), sampled in an urban background site from January to May 2020, on A549 cells. In particular, the study addressed if PM10 exposure can be a main factor in the induction of the Apoptotic Volume Decrease (AVD), which is one of the first events of apoptosis, and if the generation of intracellular oxidative stress can be involved in the PM10 induction of apoptosis in A549 cells. The cytotoxicity of PM10 samples was measured by MTT test on cells exposed for 24 h to the PM10 aqueous extracts, cell volume changes were monitored by morphometric analysis of the cells, apoptosis appearance was detected by annexin V and the induction of intracellular oxidative stress was evaluated by the ROS sensitive CM-H2DCFDA fluorescent probe. The results showed cytotoxic effects ascribable to apoptotic death in A549 cells exposed for 24 h to aqueous extracts of airborne winter PM10 samples characterized by high PM10 value and organic carbon content. The detected reduced cell viability in winter samples ranged from 55% to 100%. Normotonic cell volume reduction (ranging from about 60% to 30% cell volume decrease) after PM10 exposure was already detectable after the first 30 min clearly indicating the ability of PM10, mainly arising from biomass burning, to induce Apoptotic Volume Decrease (AVD) in A549 cells. AVD was prevented by the pre-treatment with 0.5 mM SITS indicating the activation of Cl- efflux presumably through the activation of VRAC channels. The exposure of A549 cells to PM10 aqueous extracts was able to induce intracellular oxidative stress detected by using the ROS-sensitive probe CM-H2DCFDA. The PM10-induced oxidative stress was statistically significantly correlated with cell viability inhibition and with apoptotic cell shrinkage. It was already evident after 15 min exposure representing one of the first cellular effects caused by PM exposure. This result suggests the role of oxidative stress in the PM10 induction of AVD as one of the first steps in cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Giordano
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - G Udayan
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - M R Guascito
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - A R De Bartolomeo
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - A Carlino
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
| | - M Conte
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - D Contini
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Lecce, Italy
| | - M G Lionetto
- Department Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Lecce, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
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Somayajulu M, McClellan SA, Wright R, Pitchaikannu A, Croniger B, Zhang K, Hazlett LD. Airborne Exposure of the Cornea to PM 10 Induces Oxidative Stress and Disrupts Nrf2 Mediated Anti-Oxidant Defenses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3911. [PMID: 36835320 PMCID: PMC9965133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of whole-body animal exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM10) in the mouse cornea and in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to control or 500 µg/m3 PM10 for 2 weeks. In vivo, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed. RT-PCR and ELISA evaluated levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and inflammatory markers. SKQ1, a novel mitochondrial antioxidant, was applied topically and GSH, MDA and Nrf2 levels were tested. In vitro, cells were treated with PM10 ± SKQ1 and cell viability, MDA, mitochondrial ROS, ATP and Nrf2 protein were tested. In vivo, PM10 vs. control exposure significantly reduced GSH, corneal thickness and increased MDA levels. PM10-exposed corneas showed significantly higher mRNA levels for downstream targets, pro-inflammatory molecules and reduced Nrf2 protein. In PM10-exposed corneas, SKQ1 restored GSH and Nrf2 levels and lowered MDA. In vitro, PM10 reduced cell viability, Nrf2 protein, and ATP, and increased MDA, and mitochondrial ROS; while SKQ1 reversed these effects. Whole-body PM10 exposure triggers oxidative stress, disrupting the Nrf2 pathway. SKQ1 reverses these deleterious effects in vivo and in vitro, suggesting applicability to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Somayajulu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sharon A. McClellan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Robert Wright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ahalya Pitchaikannu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Bridget Croniger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Linda D. Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Santibáñez-Andrade M, Quezada-Maldonado EM, Rivera-Pineda A, Chirino YI, García-Cuellar CM, Sánchez-Pérez Y. The Road to Malignant Cell Transformation after Particulate Matter Exposure: From Oxidative Stress to Genotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021782. [PMID: 36675297 PMCID: PMC9860989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In cells, oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production/accumulation of oxidants and the ability of the antioxidant system to detoxify these reactive products. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), cause multiple cellular damages through their interaction with biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. Genotoxic damage caused by oxidative stress has become relevant since it can lead to mutation and play a central role in malignant transformation. The evidence describes chronic oxidative stress as an important factor implicated in all stages of the multistep carcinogenic process: initiation, promotion, and progression. In recent years, ambient air pollution by particulate matter (PM) has been cataloged as a cancer risk factor, increasing the incidence of different types of tumors. Epidemiological and toxicological evidence shows how PM-induced oxidative stress could mediate multiple events oriented to carcinogenesis, such as proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, induction of angiogenesis, and activation of invasion/metastasis pathways. In this review, we summarize the findings regarding the involvement of oxidative and genotoxic mechanisms generated by PM in malignant cell transformation. We also discuss the importance of new approaches oriented to studying the development of tumors associated with PM with more accuracy, pursuing the goal of weighing the impact of oxidative stress and genotoxicity as one of the main mechanisms associated with its carcinogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Santibáñez-Andrade
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México City CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Ericka Marel Quezada-Maldonado
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México City CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Andrea Rivera-Pineda
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México City CP 14080, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV), Av. IPN No. 2508 Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México City CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I. Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla CP 54090, Mexico
| | - Claudia M. García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México City CP 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.-C.); (Y.S.-P.); Tel.: +52-(55)-3693-5200 (ext. 209) (Y.S.-P.)
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, México City CP 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.-C.); (Y.S.-P.); Tel.: +52-(55)-3693-5200 (ext. 209) (Y.S.-P.)
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9
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Morales-Bárcenas R, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Santibáñez-Andrade M, Chirino YI, Soto-Reyes E, García-Cuellar CM. Airborne particulate matter (PM 10) induces cell invasion through Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Activator Protein 1 (AP-1) pathway deregulation in A549 lung epithelial cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:107-119. [PMID: 36309615 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter with an aerodynamic size ≤ 10 μm (PM10) is a risk factor for lung cancer development, mainly because some components are highly toxic. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present in PM10, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), which is a well-known genotoxic and carcinogenic compound to humans, capable of activating AP-1 transcription factor family genes through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Because effects of BaP include metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) activation, cell invasion, and other pathways related to carcinogenesis, we aimed to demonstrate that PM10 (10 µg/cm2) exposure induces the activation of AP-1 family members as well as cell invasion in lung epithelial cells, through AhR pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS The role of the AhR gene in cells exposed to PM10 (10 µg/cm2) and BaP (1µM) for 48 h was evaluated using AhR-targeted interference siRNA. Then, the AP-1 family members (c-Jun, Jun B, Jun D, Fos B, C-Fos, and Fra-1), the levels/activity of MMP-9, and cell invasion were analyzed. We found that PM10 increased AhR levels and promoted its nuclear localization in A549 treated cells. Also, PM10 and BaP deregulated the activity of AP-1 family members. Moreover, PM10 upregulated the secretion and activity of MMP-9 through AhR, while BaP had no effect. Finally, we found that cell invasion in A549 cells exposed to PM10 and BaP is modulated by AhR. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that PM10 exposure induces upregulation of the c-Jun, Jun B, and Fra-1 activity, the expression/activity of MMP-9, and the cell invasion in lung epithelial cells, effects mediated through the AhR. Also, the Fos B and C-Fos activity were downregulated. In addition, the effects induced by PM10 exposure were like those induced by BaP, which highlights the potentially toxic effects of the PM10 mixture in lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Morales-Bárcenas
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México, D.F, México
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México, D.F, México
| | - Miguel Santibáñez-Andrade
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México, D.F, México
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, CP 54090, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
| | - Ernesto Soto-Reyes
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa (UAM-C), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México, D.F, México.
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Albano GD, Gagliardo RP, Montalbano AM, Profita M. Overview of the Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress: Impact in Inflammation of the Airway Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2237. [PMID: 36421423 PMCID: PMC9687037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants. They often promote an increase in inflammatory activities in the airways that manifest themselves as chronic diseases (e.g., allergic airway diseases, asthma, chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or even lung cancer). Increased levels of oxidative stress (OS) reduce the antioxidant defenses, affect the autophagy/mitophagy processes, and the regulatory mechanisms of cell survival, promoting inflammation in the lung. In fact, OS potentiate the inflammatory activities in the lung, favoring the progression of chronic airway diseases. OS increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions (O2-), hydroxyl radicals (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by the transformation of oxygen through enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. In this manner, OS reduces endogenous antioxidant defenses in both nucleated and non-nucleated cells. The production of ROS in the lung can derive from both exogenous insults (cigarette smoke or environmental pollution) and endogenous sources such as cell injury and/or activated inflammatory and structural cells. In this review, we describe the most relevant knowledge concerning the functional interrelation between the mechanisms of OS and inflammation in airway diseases.
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11
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Madu FU, Agoro EYS, Madu MC. Exhaled breath condensate markers of oxidative stress in male storekeepers of chemical stores in the Ariaria international market Aba Abia state Nigeria. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:801-809. [PMID: 36261326 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221133885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In most developing countries, stores, where chemical substances are sold, are poorly ventilated, and best practices are not followed. This can result in the contamination of the ambient air inside the stores with toxicological implications for the lungs. This work aimed at determining the risk of pulmonary disease in chemical storekeepers in the Ariaria international market Aba by the evaluation of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) biomarkers of oxidative stress. A gas monitor was used for gas sampling while an Aerocet analyzer was used for particulate matter determinations. Exposed filter paper was used for the sampling of heavy metals in the air, and the determination was done using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The exhaled breath condensate was collected with a refrigerated condenser, and the markers of oxidative stress were determined spectrophotometrically. Concentrations of particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM7, PM10) were elevated in all the chemical stores studied. Our findings also showed that the indoor air of the chemical stores studied was polluted with SO2, NO2, NH3 and H2S, as their concentrations were respectively higher than the WHO standard values. Concentrations of all the heavy metals present in the ambient air of the chemical stores were also higher than the Nigerian Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) standard values. Chemical storekeepers at the Ariaria international market exhaled increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), H2O2, and lower concentrations of glutathione (GSH). The pH values of the exhaled breath condensates were decreased and slightly acidic. It therefore means that the storekeepers were exposed to polluted ambient air inside the stores. This resulted to airway oxidative stress in the storekeepers as reported herein. Therefore, storekeepers of chemical stores in the Ariaria international market, Aba Nigeria were at risk of pulmonary disease(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Ugochukwu Madu
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, 487357Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
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12
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Chen H, Oliver BG, Pant A, Olivera A, Poronnik P, Pollock CA, Saad S. Effects of air pollution on human health - Mechanistic evidence suggested by in vitro and in vivo modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113378. [PMID: 35525290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) comprises both solid and liquid particles, including carbon, sulphates, nitrate, and toxic heavy metals, which can induce oxidative stress and inflammation after inhalation. These changes occur both in the lung and systemically, due to the ability of the small-sized PM (i.e. diameters ≤2.5 μm, PM2.5) to enter and circulate in the bloodstream. As such, in 2016, airborne PM caused ∼4.2 million premature deaths worldwide. Acute exposure to high levels of airborne PM (eg. during wildfires) can exacerbate pre-existing illnesses leading to hospitalisation, such as in those with asthma and coronary heart disease. Prolonged exposure to PM can increase the risk of non-communicable chronic diseases affecting the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, although the latter is less well studied. Given the breadth of potential disease, it is critical to understand the mechanisms underlying airborne PM exposure-induced disorders. Establishing aetiology in humans is difficult, therefore, in-vitro and in-vivo studies can provide mechanistic insights. We describe acute health effects (e.g. exacerbations of asthma) and long term health effects such as the induction of chronic inflammatory lung disease, and effects outside the lung (e.g. liver and renal change). We will focus on oxidative stress and inflammation as this is the common mechanism of PM-induced disease, which may be used to develop effective treatments to mitigate the adverse health effect of PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Anushriya Pant
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annabel Olivera
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip Poronnik
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Renal Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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13
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Misiukiewicz-Stępien P, Mierzejewski M, Zajusz-Zubek E, Goryca K, Adamska D, Szeląg M, Krenke R, Paplińska-Goryca M. RNA-Seq Analysis of UPM-Exposed Epithelium Co-Cultivated with Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in Obstructive Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169125. [PMID: 36012391 PMCID: PMC9408857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Elevated concentrations of airborne pollutants are correlated with an enlarged rate of obstructive lung disease morbidity as well as acute disease exacerbations. This study aimed to analyze the epithelium mRNA profile in response to airborne particulate matter in the control, asthma, and COPD groups. Results. A triple co-culture of nasal epithelium, monocyte-derived macrophages, and monocyte-derived dendritic cells obtained from the controls, asthma, and COPD were exposed to urban particulate matter (UPM) for 24 h. RNA-Seq analysis found differences in seven (CYP1B1, CYP1B1-AS1, NCF1, ME1, LINC02029, BPIFA2, EEF1A2), five (CYP1B1, ARC, ENPEP, RASD1, CYP1B1-AS1), and six (CYP1B1, CYP1B1-AS1, IRF4, ATP1B2, TIPARP, CCL22) differentially expressed genes between UPM exposed and unexposed triple co-cultured epithelium in the control, asthma, and COPD groups, respectively. PCR analysis showed that mRNA expression of BPIFA2 and ENPEP was upregulated in both asthma and COPD, while the expression of CYP1B1-AS1 and TIPARP was increased in the epithelium from COPD patients only. Biological processes changed in UPM exposed triple co-cultured epithelium were associated with epidermis development and epidermal cell differentiation in asthma and with response to toxic substances in COPD. Conclusions. The biochemical processes associated with pathophysiology of asthma and COPD impairs the airway epithelial response to UPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stępien
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mierzejewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elwira Zajusz-Zubek
- Department of Air Protection, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Genomic Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Adamska
- Genomic Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Szeląg
- Genomic Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-12-41; Fax: +48-22-599-15-61
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14
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Particulate matter in COPD pathogenesis: an overview. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:797-815. [PMID: 35710643 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder with substantial patient burden and leading cause of death globally. Cigarette smoke remains to be the most recognised causative factor behind COPD pathogenesis. Given the alarming increase in prevalence of COPD amongst non-smokers in recent past, a potential role of air pollution particularly particulate matter (PM) in COPD development has gained much attention of the scientists. Indeed, several epidemiological studies indicate strong correlation between airborne PM and COPD incidence/exacerbations. PM-induced oxidative stress seems to be the major player in orchestrating COPD inflammatory cycle but the exact molecular mechanism(s) behind such a process are still poorly understood. This may be due to the complexity of multiple molecular pathways involved. Oxidative stress-linked mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy have also gained importance and have been the focus of recent studies regarding COPD pathogenesis. Accordingly, the present review is aimed at understanding the key molecular players behind PM-mediated COPD pathogenesis through analysis of various experimental studies supported by epidemiological data to identify relevant preventive/therapeutic targets in the area.
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15
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Choi MK, Kim J, Park HM, Lim CM, Pham TH, Shin HY, Kim SE, Oh DK, Yoon DY. The DPA-derivative 11S, 17S-dihydroxy 7,9,13,15,19 (Z,E,Z,E,Z)-docosapentaenoic acid inhibits IL-6 production by inhibiting ROS production and ERK/NF-κB pathway in keratinocytes HaCaT stimulated with a fine dust PM 10. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113252. [PMID: 35104780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
11 S, 17S-dihydroxy 7,9,13,15,19 (Z,E,Z,E,Z)-docosapentaenoic acid (DoPE) is a derivative of docosapentaenoic acid, a specialized pro-resolving mediator of inflammation such as lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins. PM10 is a fine dust particle that induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, aging, and cancer. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of DoPE, however, has not yet been elucidated. In these studies, we investigated whether DoPE has anti-inflammatory effects in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. We demonstrated that DoPE suppressed PM10-induced expressions of IL-6 mRNA and protein in human HaCaT keratinocytes. We also investigated the modulating effects of DoPE on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). ROS production, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) p65 and NF-kB activity were suppressed by DoPE in PM10-stimulated HaCaT cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated that DoPE inhibited IL-6 expression by reducing ROS generation, suppressing ERK phosphorylation, and inhibiting translocation of NF-kB p65 and NF-kB activity in PM10-stimulated HaCaT cells, suggesting that DoPE can be useful for the resolution of the inflammation caused by IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Kwon Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Min Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Thu-Huyen Pham
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Youn Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway Activity Is Inhibited by Airborne Particulate Matter (PM10) through XPA Deregulation in Lung Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042224. [PMID: 35216341 PMCID: PMC8878008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter with a diameter size of ≤10 µm (PM10) is a carcinogen that contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which form PAH–DNA adducts. However, the way in which these adducts are managed by DNA repair pathways in cells exposed to PM10 has been partially described. We evaluated the effect of PM10 on nucleotide excision repair (NER) activity and on the levels of different proteins of this pathway that eliminate bulky DNA adducts. Our results showed that human lung epithelial cells (A549) exposed to 10 µg/cm2 of PM10 exhibited PAH–DNA adducts as well as an increase in RAD23 and XPD protein levels (first responders in NER). In addition, PM10 increased the levels of H4K20me2, a recruitment signal for XPA. However, we observed a decrease in total and phosphorylated XPA (Ser196) and an increase in phosphatase WIP1, aside from the absence of XPA–RPA complex, which participates in DNA-damage removal. Additionally, an NER activity assay demonstrated inhibition of the NER functionality in cells exposed to PM10, indicating that XPA alterations led to deficiencies in DNA repair. These results demonstrate that PM10 exposure induces an accumulation of DNA damage that is associated with NER inhibition, highlighting the role of PM10 as an important contributor to lung cancer.
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17
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Madhu NR, Sarkar B, Slama P, Jha NK, Ghorai SK, Jana SK, Govindasamy K, Massanyi P, Lukac N, Kumar D, Kalita JC, Kesari KK, Roychoudhury S. Effect of Environmental Stressors, Xenobiotics, and Oxidative Stress on Male Reproductive and Sexual Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:33-58. [PMID: 36472815 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the environmental factor-induced oxidative stress (OS) and their effects on male reproductive and sexual health. There are several factors that induce OS, i.e. radition, metal contamination, xenobiotic compounds, and cigarette smoke and lead to cause toxicity in the cells through metabolic or bioenergetic processes. These environmental factors may produce free radicals and enhance the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Free radicals are molecules that include oxygen and disbalance the amount of electrons that can create major chemical chains in the body and cause oxidation. Oxidative damage to cells may impair male fertility and lead to abnormal embryonic development. Moreover, it does not only cause a vast number of health issues such as ageing, cancer, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative disorders but also decreases the motility of spermatozoa while increasing sperm DNA damage, impairing sperm mitochondrial membrane lipids and protein kinases. This chapter mainly focuses on the environmental stressors with further discussion on the mechanisms causing congenital impairments due to poor sexual health and transmitting altered signal transduction pathways in male gonadal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithar Ranjan Madhu
- Department of Zoology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhanumati Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Sandip Kumar Jana
- Department of Zoology, Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Kadirvel Govindasamy
- Animal Production Division, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Norbert Lukac
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jogen C Kalita
- Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
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18
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Yan C, Wu X, Cao X, Li M, Zhou L, Xiu G, Zeng J. In vitro and in vitro toxicity study of diesel exhaust particles using BEAS-2B cell line and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as biological models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:60704-60716. [PMID: 34160767 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is well accepted that diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are highly associated with improper function of organ systems. In this study, DEP toxicity was performed by using in vitro human BEAS-2B cell line and in vivo animal model, namely, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The potential toxicity of DEP was assessed by the apical endpoints of BEAS-2B cell line and reflections of C. elegans under exposure scenarios of 0~50 μg mL-1 DEP. With the increase of DEP exposure concentration, microscopic accumulations in the cytoplasm of cell line and intestine of C. elegans were observed. Such invasion of DEP impaired the behaviors of C. elegans as well as its un-exposed offspring and caused significant impeded locomotion. Moreover, the disorders of dopaminergic function were observed simultaneously under DEP exposure, specifically manifested by the decreased transcriptional expression of dat-1. The stress responses instructed by the expression of hsp-16.2 were also increased sharply in TJ375 strain of C. elegans at DEP concentrations of 1 and 10 μg mL-1. In the case of cellular reactions to DEP exposure, the injuries of membrane integrity and the decreased viability of cell line were simultaneously identified, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaged DNA fragment, and upregulated apoptosis were monotonically elevated in cell lines with the increase of DEP concentrations. This study provided a systematic insight into toxicity of DEP both in vivo and vitro, demonstrating that DEP exposure could disturb the stability of cell system and further threat the stability of organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhi Yan
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes. School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes. School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes. School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Meng Li
- American Chemical Society, 2 Kexueyuan Nanlu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes. School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guangli Xiu
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes. School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jiayi Zeng
- The Second Affiliated High School of East China Normal University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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19
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Quezada-Maldonado EM, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Chirino YI, García-Cuellar CM. Airborne particulate matter induces oxidative damage, DNA adduct formation and alterations in DNA repair pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117313. [PMID: 34022687 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, which includes particulate matter (PM), is classified in group 1 as a carcinogen to humans by the International Agency for Research in Cancer. Specifically, PM exposure has been associated with lung cancer in patients living in highly polluted cities. The precise mechanism by which PM is linked to cancer has not been completely described, and the genotoxicity induced by PM exposure plays a relevant role in cell damage. In this review, we aimed to analyze the types of DNA damage and alterations in DNA repair pathways induced by PM exposure, from both epidemiological and toxicological studies, to comprehend the contribution of PM exposure to carcinogenesis. Scientific evidence supports that PM exposure mainly causes oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the formation of DNA adducts, specifically by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). PM exposure also induces double-strand breaks (DSBs) and deregulates the expression of some proteins in DNA repair pathways, precisely, base and nucleotide excision repairs and homologous repair. Furthermore, specific polymorphisms of DNA repair genes could lead to an adverse response in subjects exposed to PM. Nevertheless, information about the effects of PM on DNA repair pathways is still limited, and it has not been possible to conclude which pathways are the most affected by exposure to PM or if DNA damage is repaired properly. Therefore, deepening the study of genotoxic damage and alterations of DNA repair pathways is needed for a more precise understanding of the carcinogenic mechanism of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericka Marel Quezada-Maldonado
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP 14080, CDMX, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado Edificio B, Primer Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP 14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP 14080, CDMX, Mexico.
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21
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Sim H, Lee W, Choo S, Park EK, Baek MC, Lee IK, Park DH, Bae JS. Sulforaphane Alleviates Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:685032. [PMID: 34222291 PMCID: PMC8247919 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.685032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, and oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Exposure to high levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) causes respiratory injury, primarily due to oxidative stress. Recently, a large community-based cohort study in the UK reported a positive correlation between PM2.5 exposure and AMD. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, has known antioxidant effects. However, the protective effects of SNF in the eye, especially in the context of AMD, have not been evaluated. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of SFN against PM2.5-induced toxicity in human RPE cells (ARPE-19) and elucidated the molecular mechanism of action. Exposure to PM2.5 decreased cell viability in ARPE-19 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, potentially due to elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). SFN treatment increased ARPE-19 cell viability and decreased PM2.5-induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. PM2.5-induced downregulation of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), a cell survival factor, was recovered by SFN. PM2.5 treatment decreased the enzymatic activities of the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and catalase, which were restored by SFN treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that SFN effectively alleviates PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in human ARPE-19 cells via its antioxidant effects, and that SFN can potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for AMD, particularly in cases related to PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunchae Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Samyeol Choo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Moon-Chang Baek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Lee W, Choo S, Sim H, Bae JS. Inhibitory Activities of Ononin on Particulate Matter-induced Oxidative Stress. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Misiukiewicz-Stepien P, Paplinska-Goryca M. Biological effect of PM 10 on airway epithelium-focus on obstructive lung diseases. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108754. [PMID: 33964432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to elevated levels of airborne particles increased the incidence of respiratory diseases. PM10 constitute the largest fraction of air pollutants, containing particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm, metals, pollens, mineral dust and remnant material from anthropogenic activity. The natural airway defensive mechanisms against inhaled material, such as mucus layer, ciliary clearance and macrophage phagocytic activity, may be insufficient for proper respiratory function. The epithelium layer can be disrupted by ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes induced by exposure to large amounts of inhaled particles as well as promote the development and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases. This review draws attention to the current state of knowledge about the physical features of PM10 and its impact on airway epithelial cells, and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stepien
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Song X, Jiang L, Wang S, Tian J, Yang K, Wang X, Guan H, Zhang N. The impact of main air pollutants on respiratory emergency department visits and the modification effects of temperature in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6990-7000. [PMID: 33025435 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that air pollution is a risk factor of an increased occurrence of diseases. However, evidence is limited on the effects of the pollution index on disease and whether temperature modifies the effects. The objectives were (i) to explore the effects of the Air Pollution Index (API) and specific indices for pollutants (PM10, NO2, and SO2) on respiratory emergency department (ED) visits in Beijing and (ii) to investigate whether temperature modified the effects of main air pollutants on respiratory ED visits. A quasi-Poisson generalized additive model was employed to examine the association of API and indices for pollutants with respiratory disease. Bivariate response surface model and stratification model (cold days, moderately cold days, moderately hot days, and hot days) were used to analyze the modification effects of temperature on air pollution and respiratory disease. The results showed that (i) the effects of API on respiratory diseases were similar to the index for PM10 in Beijing. (ii) API and PM10 were associated with increased respiratory ED visits on cold days and moderately cold days. Furthermore, the effects of PM10 on respiratory disease on moderately cold days [Relative risk (RR) = 1.006 per 10 μg/m3, 95% CI 1.002-1.009] were stronger than on cold days (RR = 1.004 per 10 μg/m3, 95% CI 1.000-1.008). (iii) PM10 (API) had a greater impact on children aged 10 to 17 years and females on moderately cold days, while the elderly had an increased risk of respiratory disease to PM10 (RR = 1.008 per 10 μg/m3, 95% CI 1.002-1.013) and API (RR = 1.013 per 10, 95% CI 1.004-1.022) on cold days. In conclusion, temperature can modify the association between API and respiratory morbidity. A stronger correlation existed between PM10 and respiratory diseases on moderately cold days, while the effects of cold days were less than that attributable to moderately cold days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Song
- Evidence-based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liangzhen Jiang
- Evidence-based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shigong Wang
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Second Clinical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongdan Guan
- Second Clinical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- First Clinical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Effect of Rosa laevigata on PM10-Induced Inflammatory Response of Human Lung Epithelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2893609. [PMID: 32963561 PMCID: PMC7492937 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2893609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter 10 (PM10) with a diameter of less than 10 mm causes inflammation and allergic reactions in the airways and lungs, which adversely affects asthmatic patients. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of Rosa laevigata (RL), which has been previously investigated medicinally in Korea and China for the discovery of plant-derived anti-inflammatory agents with low side effects, using a PM10-induced lung inflammatory disease model. Using MTT assay, we confirmed that in A549 cells pretreated with RL, cytotoxicity induced by PM10 (100 μg/mL) exposure was attenuated. In addition, western blotting revealed that RL suppressed the expression level of MAPK/NF-κB pathways and its downstream signal, COX-2 in PM10-induced A549 cells. Moreover, real-time PCR demonstrated that RL downregulated the mRNA expression level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-17) in PM10-induced A549 cells. Based on the results of this study, RL has been shown to relieve inflammation in the lungs due to PM10 exposure. Therefore, RL may be developed as a natural remedy for respiratory diseases caused by PM10 exposure.
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Almutairi AM, Akkam Y, Alajmi MF, Akkam N. Effect of Air Pollution on Glutathione S-Transferase Activity and Total Antioxidant Capacity: Cross Sectional Study in Kuwait. J Health Pollut 2020; 10:200906. [PMID: 32874762 PMCID: PMC7453819 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.27.200906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health worldwide. Investigating potential health impacts is essential to the development of regulations and legislation to minimize health risks. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate the potentially hazardous effect of air pollution on the Ali Sabah Al Salem residential area in Kuwait by comparing the pollution level to a control area (Al-Qirawan) by assessing two biomarkers: erythrocyte glutathione S-transferases (e-GST) and total blood antioxidant, and then correlating the activity to pollution-related oxidative stress. METHODS The average concentrations of several airborne gases were measured at Ali Sabah Al Salem and Al-Qirawan, including ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and non-methane hydrocarbon. A total of fifty-eight participants were sampled from two different areas and divided into two groups. The study group was composed of 40 residents exposed to polluted ambient air in the Ali Sabah Al Salem residential area. A reference group composed of 18 residents in the Al-Qairawan area living far from major pollution sources was also tested. RESULTS All measured gases were higher in concentration at Ali Sabah Al Salem compared to the Al-Qirawan area. Furthermore, PM10 and sulfur dioxide were higher than World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The e-GST activity was lower among participants of the Ali Sabah Al Salem residential area compared to participants living in the Al-Qairawan area. The total antioxidant capacity in whole blood of Ali Sabah Al Salem residents was significantly (p<0.0001) higher than in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Residents in Ali Sabah Al Salem are exposed to a high level of air pollution that has a serious impact on glutathione S-transferases levels. Subsequently, regulations on pollution sources are needed to lower current health risks. Furthermore, the present study provides evidence that finger-prick blood sampling is a quick, non-invasive method suitable for screening e-GST activity and total antioxidants which may be applied for surveillance purposes. PARTICIPANT CONSENT Obtained. ETHICS APPROVAL The study was approved by the Scientific Research Committee of the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Almutairi
- Science Department, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, (PAAET), Alardyia, Kuwait
| | - Yazan Akkam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad F. Alajmi
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait
| | - Nosaibah Akkam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Nam W, Kim H, Bae C, Kim J, Nam B, Lee Y, Kim J, Park S, Lee J, Sim J. Lactobacillus HY2782 and Bifidobacterium HY8002 Decrease Airway Hyperresponsiveness Induced by Chronic PM2.5 Inhalation in Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:575-583. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Nam
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Hyeonji Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Chuhyun Bae
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jooyun Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Bora Nam
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Younji Lee
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Soodong Park
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | | | - Jaehun Sim
- R&D Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
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28
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Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072489. [PMID: 32260164 PMCID: PMC7177378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the world’s leading environmental causes of death. The epidemiological relationship between outdoor air pollution and the onset of health diseases associated with death is now well established. Relevant toxicological proofs are now dissecting the molecular processes that cause inflammation, reactive species generation, and DNA damage. In addition, new data are pointing out the role of airborne particulates in the modulation of genes and microRNAs potentially involved in the onset of human diseases. In the present review we collect the relevant findings on airborne particulates of one of the biggest hot spots of air pollution in Europe (i.e., the Po Valley), in the largest urban area of this region, Milan. The different aerodynamic fractions are discussed separately with a specific focus on fine and ultrafine particles that are now the main focus of several studies. Results are compared with more recent international findings. Possible future perspectives of research are proposed to create a new discussion among scientists working on the toxicological effects of airborne particles.
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Wu J, Zhu K, Luo X, Han Y, Zhang B, Wang Z, Dong S, Zou X, Chen X, Liu H, Wu T, Zheng Z, Xie Y, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wen Z, Liu D, Wang Y, Zheng S, Huang X, Jing C, Yang G. PM2.5 promotes replication of VSV by ubiquitination degradation of phospho-IRF3 in A549 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Airborne Particulate Matter (PM 10) Inhibits Apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a Pathway in Lung Epithelial Cells: The Role of a Second Oxidant Stimulus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020473. [PMID: 31940823 PMCID: PMC7014458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Outdoor particulate matter (PM10) exposure is carcinogenic to humans. The cellular mechanism by which PM10 is associated specifically with lung cancer includes oxidative stress and damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in the absence of apoptosis, suggesting that PM10 induces cellular survival. We aimed to evaluate the PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a pathway as a mechanism of cell survival in lung epithelial A549 cells exposed to PM10 that were subsequently challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results showed that pre-exposure to PM10 followed by H2O2, as a second oxidant stimulus increased the phosphorylation rate of pAKTSer473, pAKTThr308, and pFoxO3aSer253 2.5-fold, 1.8-fold, and 1.2-fold, respectively. Levels of catalase and p27kip1, which are targets of the PIK3/AKT/FoxO3a pathway, decreased 38.1% and 62.7%, respectively. None of these changes had an influence on apoptosis; however, the inhibition of PI3K using the LY294002 compound revealed that the PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a pathway was involved in apoptosis evasion. We conclude that nontoxic PM10 exposure predisposes lung epithelial cell cultures to evade apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a pathway when cells are treated with a second oxidant stimulus.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is estimated to cause millions of premature deaths annually. This work conveys known routes of exposure to PM and resultant health effects. METHODS A review of available literature. RESULTS Estimates for daily PM exposure are provided. Known mechanisms by which insoluble particles are transported and removed from the body are discussed. Biological effects of PM, including immune response, cytotoxicity, and mutagenicity, are reported. Epidemiological studies that outline the systemic health effects of PM are presented. CONCLUSION While the integrated, per capita, exposure of PM for a large fraction of the first-world may be less than 1 mg per day, links between several syndromes, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, loss of cognitive function, anxiety, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, stroke, and PM exposure have been suggested. This article reviews and summarizes such links reported in the literature.
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Liu X, Wang J, Fan Y, Xu Y, Xie M, Yuan Y, Li H, Qian X. Particulate Matter Exposure History Affects Antioxidant Defense Response of Mouse Lung to Haze Episodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9789-9799. [PMID: 31328514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have focused on the association between previous particulate matter (PM) exposure and antioxidant defense response to a haze challenge. In this study, a combined exposure model was used to investigate whether and how PM exposure history affected the antioxidant defense response to haze episodes. At first, C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to three groups and exposed for 5 weeks to whole ambient air, ambient air containing a low (≤75 μg/m3) PM concentration, and filtered air, which simulated different exposure history of high, relatively low, and almost zero PM concentrations. Thereafter, all mice underwent a 3-day haze exposure followed by a 7-day exposure to filtered air. The indexes involved in the primary and secondary antioxidant defense response were determined after pre-exposure and haze exposure, as well as 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days after haze exposure. Our research demonstrated repeated exposure to a high PM concentration compromised the antioxidant defense response and was accompanied by an increased susceptibility to a haze challenge. Conversely, mice with a lower PM exposure developed an oxidative stress adaption that protected them against haze challenge more efficiently and in a more timely manner than was the case in mice without PM exposure history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
- Huaiyin Institute of Technology , School of Chemical Engineering , Huaian 223001 , P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yifan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Mengxing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET) , Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044 , P. R. China
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Lawal AO, Oluyede DM, Adebimpe MO, Olumegbon LT, Awolaja OO, Elekofehinti OO, Crown OO. The cardiovascular protective effects of rooibos ( Aspalathus linearis) extract on diesel exhaust particles induced inflammation and oxidative stress involve NF-κB- and Nrf2-dependent pathways modulation. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01426. [PMID: 30976698 PMCID: PMC6441828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) induced oxidative stress and inflammation. This present study examined the molecular effects of aqueous rooibos extract (RE) on the cardiovascular toxic effect of methanol extract of DEP in exposed Wistar rats. The results showed that DEP caused significant (p < 0.001) increase in MDA and CDs levels in the aorta and heart but this increase was significantly (p < 0.001) attenuated by rooibos extract. DEP induced IL-8, TNFα, IL-1β and decreased IL-10 gene expressions, all of which were reversed in the presence of rooibos extract. The expression of NF-κB, and IκKB genes were also significantly (p < 0.001) induced by DEP in both tissues, but pre-treatment with RE attenuated these effects. In contrast, DEP repressed IκB mRNA level, which was significantly (p < 0.001) reversed by rooibos extract pre-treatment. In addition, pre-treatment with rooibos extract attenuated the increased Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA levels caused by DEP. This indicates the potential of rooibos extract to protect against DEP-induced cardiovascular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akeem O Lawal
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Dare M Oluyede
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Monsurat O Adebimpe
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Lateefat T Olumegbon
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Olamide O Awolaja
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Olusola O Elekofehinti
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
| | - Olamide O Crown
- Biochemical Pharmacology and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria
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Yang X, Feng L, Zhang Y, Hu H, Shi Y, Liang S, Zhao T, Fu Y, Duan J, Sun Z. Cytotoxicity induced by fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in human cardiomyocytes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:198-207. [PMID: 29885615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the strongly causal associations were between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular disease, the toxic effect and potential mechanism of PM2.5 on heart was poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac toxicity of PM2.5 exposure on human cardiomyocytes (AC16). The cell viability was decreased while the LDH release was increased in a dose-dependent way after AC16 exposed to PM2.5. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and production of malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased followed by the decreasing in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The damage of mitochondria was observed by ultra-structural analysis and MMP measurement. The apoptotic rate of AC16 were markedly elevated which was triggered by PM2.5. In addition, the proteins involved in mitochondria- mediated apoptosis pathway were measured. The protein levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and Bax were up-regulated while the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 was down-regulated after AC16 exposed to PM2.5. In summary, our results demonstrated that mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway played a critical role in PM2.5-induced myocardial cytotoxicity in AC16, which suggested that PM2.5 may contribute to cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Hejing Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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Quezada-Maldonado EM, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Chirino YI, Vaca-Paniagua F, García-Cuellar CM. miRNAs deregulation in lung cells exposed to airborne particulate matter (PM 10) is associated with pathways deregulated in lung tumors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:351-358. [PMID: 29852438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is an environmental pollutant that has been associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. PM exposure induces cellular alterations and the deregulation of cell signaling pathways. However other mechanisms such as microRNAs deregulation, might be involved in the development and progression of some types of epithelial cancer. The aim of this work was to evaluate miRNA expression in epithelial lung cells after exposure to PM10 and to identify the possible gene targets of deregulated miRNAs. We measured the expression of 2538 miRNAs using a microarray platform after 72 h of PM10 exposure; the potential biological function was inferred with bioinformatics analysis and we validated the relative expression of 10 selected miRNAs with real-time PCR. We found that the expression of 74 miRNAs was significantly changed: 45 miRNAs were downregulated and were involved in proliferation, cell cycle, cytoskeleton modification and autophagy; meanwhile, 29 miRNAs related to apoptosis, DNA damage repair and xenobiotic metabolism were upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericka Marel Quezada-Maldonado
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 54059, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 54059, Estado de México, Mexico; Laboratorio Nacional en Salud: Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 54059, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, CP, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Romani A, Cervellati C, Muresan XM, Belmonte G, Pecorelli A, Cervellati F, Benedusi M, Evelson P, Valacchi G. Keratinocytes oxidative damage mechanisms related to airbone particle matter exposure. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 172:86-95. [PMID: 29103985 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidences have correlated airbone particulate matter (PM) to adverse health effects, mainly linking to pulmonary and cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, only recently, some studies reported detrimental effects of PM on other organs such as skin. In a recent work, we have reported increased oxidative and inflammatory responses in Reconstituted Human Epidermis (RHE) exposed to ambient particles (CAPs) and we also demonstrated the ability of CAPs to penetrate the skin tissue. The present study was aimed to better understand the cellular mechanisms beyond the oxidative changes induced by CAPs (5-10-25μg/mL) in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). After 24h of treatment, CAPs were able to enter the cells leading to a decrease in viability, increased levels of 4-hydroxinonenal products (4-HNE) and IL-1α release. Overall these data, suggest lipid and protein oxidative damage, as well as an increase of inflammatory response after being challenged with CAPs. In addition, 3h after CAPs exposure we found a significant increase in NF-kB and Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus. In contrast, no differences in gene expression and enzymatic activity of Nrf2 target genes were detected. This last finding could be explained by the ability of CAPs to possibly alter the binding of Nrf2 to the ARE DNA sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Romani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara Italy
| | - Ximena M Muresan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Center, 28081, Kannapolis NC, USA
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Center, 28081, Kannapolis NC, USA.
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Airborne particulate matter in vitro exposure induces cytoskeleton remodeling through activation of the ROCK-MYPT1-MLC pathway in A549 epithelial lung cells. Toxicol Lett 2017; 272:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lawal AO. Air particulate matter induced oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis: The role of Nrf2 and AhR-mediated pathways. Toxicol Lett 2017; 270:88-95. [PMID: 28189649 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Air particulate matter (PM) is an important component of air pollution, which has been reported to play important role in the adverse health effects of the latter. Extensive experimental data and epidemiological studies have shown that the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and atherosclerosis caused by air pollution are mainly due to the PM component. Implicated in these adverse health effects of PM, is their ability to induce oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory events in the vascular system. The association between the cardiovascular ischemic events and atherosclerosis induced by PM has been linked to the ultrafine and fine components. These particles have a high content of redox cyclic chemicals. This, together with their ability to combine with proatherogenic molecules enhanced tissue oxidative stress. Studies have shown that the oxidative stress induced by PM could up-regulates the expression of phase I and phase II metabolize enzymes. This up-regulation occurs by the activation of transcription factors (such as nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) -like 2-related factor (Nrf2) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)). This review will focus on data supporting the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in PM-induced cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis and the importance of Nrf2-and AhR- dependent regulatory pathways in the PM-induced cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akeem O Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria.
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Su R, Jin X, Zhang W, Li Z, Liu X, Ren J. Particulate matter exposure induces the autophagy of macrophages via oxidative stress-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 167:444-453. [PMID: 27750168 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many epidemiological investigations have consistently demonstrated the immunotoxicity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear and needs to be elucidated. In this work, the immune cells, including pulmonary macrophages of SD rats and Raw264.7 cells, were applied to further investigate the effect of PM2.5 on cell autophagy of macrophages, thus clarified the possible molecular mechanism of immunotoxicity caused by PM2.5. SD rats were exposed to summer (0.2, 0.6, 1.5 mg kg-1 b.w.) and winter (0.3, 1.5, 2.7 mg kg-1 b.w.) PM2.5 adopting the intratracheal instillation method. The exposure was performed one time every 3 days and continued for 2 months. The data showed that PM2.5 exposure decreased numbers of immune cells in pulmonary macrophages of SD rats. In addition, PM2.5 could induce the cell autophagy through the increased LC3 and decreased p62 mRNA and protein levels of pulmonary macrophages in SD rats and Raw264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Strikingly, PM2.5-induced oxidative stress was observed. However, NAC supplement (the ROS inhibitor) significantly reversed PM2.5-caused effects. Additionally, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was activated in PM2.5-treated cells and NAC had an important inhibitory effect. These results demonstrated that PM2.5 exposures induced autophagy of pulmonary macrophages via the oxidative stress-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which may contribute to explain the molecular mechanism of immunotoxicity caused by PM2.5 and provide the theoretical foundation for environment toxicology of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Wucheng Rood 92, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Wucheng Rood 92, Taiyuan 030006, China; The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Wucheng Rood 92, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Wucheng Rood 92, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Medicine, Shanxi Province Staff Medical College, Jinzhong 030619, China
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Reyes-Zárate E, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC, Chirino YI, Osornio-Vargas ÁR, Morales-Bárcenas R, Souza-Arroyo V, García-Cuellar CM. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) exposure-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis evasion through STAT3 activation via PKCζ and Src kinases in lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:646-656. [PMID: 27131825 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer, but cellular pathways are not completely understood. STAT3 is a p21(Waf1/Cip1) transcription factor and is associated with proliferation and cell survival and is upregulated in lung cancer. PM10 exposure induces p21(Waf1/Cip1) expression, which could be related to STAT3 activation. The aims of this work were to investigate whether STAT3 was activated on lung epithelial cells after PM10 exposure and to determine whether or not STAT3 could have an impact on cell cycle distribution and cell survival. Our results showed that PM10 induced STAT3 activation through Src and PKCζ kinases, and it is partially responsible for the p21(Waf1/Cip1) induction that was also observed. Moreover, PM10 induced G1-G0 cell cycle arrest. The inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation prevented cell cycle arrest and triggered apoptosis. These results suggest that PM10 exposure might activate a survival pathway related to STAT3 activation, similar to what has been described as part of the immune system and apoptosis evasion during tumor promotion and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Reyes-Zárate
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico
| | - María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, 54059, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | - Rocío Morales-Bárcenas
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico
| | - Verónica Souza-Arroyo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, México DF, Mexico.
| | - Claudia María García-Cuellar
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, San Fernando No. 22, Tlalpan, 14080, México DF, Mexico.
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Molecular and Cellular Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Human Lung Cancer Cells: Potential Therapeutic Implications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1908164. [PMID: 27375834 PMCID: PMC4916325 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1908164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has a very high mortality-to-incidence ratio, representing one of the main causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Therefore, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Several diseases including lung cancer have been associated with the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most studied. Despite the fact that H2O2 may have opposite effects on cell proliferation depending on the concentration and cell type, it triggers several antiproliferative responses. H2O2 produces both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA lesions, increases the expression of cell adhesion molecules, and increases p53 activity and other transcription factors orchestrating cancer cell death. In addition, H2O2 facilitates the endocytosis of oligonucleotides, affects membrane proteins, induces calcium release, and decreases cancer cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the MAPK pathway and the expression of genes related to inflammation including interleukins, TNF-α, and NF-κB are also affected by H2O2. Herein, we will summarize the main effects of hydrogen peroxide on human lung cancer leading to suggesting it as a potential therapeutic tool to fight this disease. Because of the multimechanistic nature of this molecule, novel therapeutic approaches for lung cancer based on the use of H2O2 may help to decrease the mortality from this malignancy.
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42
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Chen IC, Huang HH, Chen PF, Chiang HC. Sirtuin 3 Protects against Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Autophagy in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:113-27. [PMID: 27125970 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (urban PM) is a heterogeneous mixture of various types of particles originating from different sources. Exposure to high concentrations of urban PM leading to adverse health effects is evaluated by using in vitro cultures of human lung epithelial cells. However, the mechanism underlying the correlation between high concentrations of urban PM exposure and adverse health effects has not been fully elucidated; urban PM-induced oxidative stress is considered as an important mechanism of urban PM-mediated cytotoxicity. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a primary mitrochondrial deacetylase, controls cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and expression of antioxidant enzymes. In this study, we examined the role of SIRT3 in the regulation of urban PM-induced oxidative stress in normal primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpiCs). Cell viability showed a time- and concentration-dependent decrease when exposed to urban PM, which could indicate that the amount of lactate dehydrogenase released from the cell in response to urban PM is related to cell viability in HBEpiC. The effects of urban PM on morphological and biochemical markers of autophagy in HBEpiC were analyzed by electron microscopy and Western blotting. Overexpression of SIRT3 inhibited urban PM-induced ROS generation, while concomitantly increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and decreasing NF-κB activation and release of inflammation factors. Up-regulation of SIRT3 significantly inhibited the expression of autophagy markers and autophagic vacuole formation. Our findings provide a valuable insight into the potential role of the SIRT3 enzyme in regulating urban PM-induced autophagy by mediating urban PM-induced oxidative stress, which may contribute to urban PM-induced impairment of airway epithelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chieh Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsiu Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fen Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Che Chiang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan Department of Occupational Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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43
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Lawal A, Davids L, Marnewick J. Diesel exhaust particles and endothelial cells dysfunction: An update. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 32:92-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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44
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Salcido-Neyoy ME, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Osornio-Vargas AR, Gonsebatt ME, Meléndez-Zajgla J, Morales-Bárcenas R, Petrosyan P, Molina-Servin ED, Vega E, Manzano-León N, García-Cuellar CM. Induction of c-Jun by air particulate matter (PM₁₀) of Mexico city: Participation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 203:175-182. [PMID: 25909326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenic potential of urban particulate matter (PM) has been partly attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content, which activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here we report the effect of PM with an aerodynamic size of 10 μm (PM10) on the induction of AhR pathway in A549 cells, evaluating its downstream targets CYP1B1, IL-6, IL-8 and c-Jun. Significant increases in CYP1B1 protein and enzyme activity; IL-6 and IL-8 secretion and c-Jun protein were found in response to PM10. The formation of PAH-DNA adducts was also detected. The involvement of AhR pathway was confirmed with Resveratrol as AhR antagonist, which reversed CYP1B1 and c-Jun induction. Nevertheless, in IL-6 and IL-8 secretion, the Resveratrol was ineffective, suggesting an effect independent of this pathway. Considering the role of c-Jun in oncogenesis, its induction by PM may be contributing to its carcinogenic potential through induction of AhR pathway by PAHs present in PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Estela Salcido-Neyoy
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col Sección XVI. C.P. 14080. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col Sección XVI. C.P. 14080. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico
| | | | - María Eugenia Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70228. Ciudad Universitaria. 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Jorge Meléndez-Zajgla
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur, No.4809. Col. Arenal Tepepan, C.P. 14610. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Rocío Morales-Bárcenas
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col Sección XVI. C.P. 14080. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Pavel Petrosyan
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70228. Ciudad Universitaria. 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Edith Danny Molina-Servin
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70228. Ciudad Universitaria. 04510, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Vega
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152. San Bartolo Atepehuacan, C.P. 07730, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Natalia Manzano-León
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col Sección XVI. C.P. 14080. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Claudia M García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col Sección XVI. C.P. 14080. Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., Mexico.
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Polonini HC, Brandão HM, Raposo NRB, Brandão MAF, Mouton L, Couté A, Yéprémian C, Sivry Y, Brayner R. Size-dependent ecotoxicity of barium titanate particles: the case of Chlorella vulgaris green algae. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:938-948. [PMID: 25763523 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies have been demonstrating that smaller particles can lead to unexpected and diverse ecotoxicological effects when compared to those caused by the bulk material. In this study, the chemical composition, size and shape, state of dispersion, and surface's charge, area and physicochemistry of micro (BT MP) and nano barium titanate (BT NP) were determined. Green algae Chlorella vulgaris grown in Bold's Basal (BB) medium or Seine River water (SRW) was used as biological indicator to assess their aquatic toxicology. Responses such as growth inhibition, cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP) content and photosynthetic activity were evaluated. Tetragonal BT (~170 nm, 3.24 m(2) g(-1) surface area) and cubic BT (~60 nm, 16.60 m(2) g(-1)) particles were negative, poorly dispersed, and readily aggregated. BT has a statistically significant effect on C. vulgaris growth since the lower concentration tested (1 ppm), what seems to be mediated by induced oxidative stress caused by the particles (increased SOD activity and decreased photosynthetic efficiency and intracellular ATP content). The toxic effects were more pronounced when the algae was grown in SRW. Size does not seem to be an issue influencing the toxicity in BT particles toxicity since micro- and nano-particles produced significant effects on algae growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson C Polonini
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Inovação em Ciências da Saúde (NUPICS), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Astort F, Sittner M, Ferraro SA, Orona NS, Maglione GA, De la Hoz A, Tasat DR. Pulmonary inflammation and cell death in mice after acute exposure to air particulate matter from an industrial region of Buenos Aires. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 67:87-96. [PMID: 24327098 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that air particulate matter (PM) can increase respiratory morbidity and mortality being the lungs the main target organ to PM body entrance. Even more, several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that air PM has a wide toxicity spectra depending among other parameters, on its size, morphology, and chemical composition. The Reconquista River is the second most polluted river from Buenos Aires, and people living around its basin are constantly exposed to its contaminated water, soil and air. However, the air PM from the Reconquista River (RR-PMa) has not been characterized, and its biological impact on lung has yet not been assessed. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to study (1) RR-PMa morphochemical characteristic and (2) RR-PMa lung acute effects after intranasal instillation exposure through the analysis of three end points: oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. A single acute exposure of RR-PMa (1 mg/kg body weight) after 24 h caused significant (p < 0.05) enrichment in bronchoalveolar total cell number and polymorphonuclear (PNM) fraction, superoxide anion generation, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and induction of apoptosis. It was also observed that in lung homogenates, none of the antioxidant enzymes assayed showed differences between exposed RR-PMa and control mice. These data demonstrate that air PM from the Reconquista River induce lung oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death therefore represents a potential hazard to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Astort
- School of Science and Technology, National University of General San Martín, Martín de Irigoyen 3100 (1653), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina,
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47
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Pereira MM, Mouton L, Yéprémian C, Couté A, Lo J, Marconcini JM, Ladeira LO, Raposo NRB, Brandão HM, Brayner R. Ecotoxicological effects of carbon nanotubes and cellulose nanofibers in Chlorella vulgaris. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:15. [PMID: 24750641 PMCID: PMC4022149 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-12-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MWCNT and CNF are interesting NPs that possess great potential for applications in various fields such as water treatment, reinforcement materials and medical devices. However, the rapid dissemination of NPs can impact the environment and in the human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the MWCNT and cotton CNF toxicological effects on freshwater green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. RESULTS Exposure to MWCNT and cotton CNF led to reductions on algal growth and cell viability. NP exposure induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a decreased of intracellular ATP levels. Addition of NPs further induced ultrastructural cell damage. MWCNTs penetrate the cell membrane and individual MWCNTs are seen in the cytoplasm while no evidence of cotton CNFs was found inside the cells. Cellular uptake of MWCNT was observed in algae cells cultured in BB medium, but cells cultured in Seine river water did not internalize MWCNTs. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions tested, such results confirmed that exposure to MWCNTs and to cotton CNFs affects cell viability and algal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberta Brayner
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 7086 Paris, France.
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48
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Yi S, Zhang F, Qu F, Ding W. Water-insoluble fraction of airborne particulate matter (PM10 ) induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial A549 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:226-233. [PMID: 22331617 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient airborne particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM10 ) links with public health hazards and increases risk for lung cancer and other diseases. Recent studies have suggested that oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the toxic effects of exposure to PM10 . Several components of water-soluble fraction of PM10 (sPM10 ) have been known to be capable of inducing oxidative stress in in vitro studies. In this study, we investigated if water-insoluble fraction of PM10 (iPM10 ) could be also capable of inducing oxidative stress and oxidative damage. Human lung epithelial A549 cells were exposed to 10 μg/mL of sPM10 , iPM10 or total PM10 (tPM10 ) preparation for 24 h. Here, we observed that all three PM10 preparations reduced cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. We further found that, similar to the exposure to sPM10 and tPM10 , the intracellular level of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in the iPM10 -exposed cells was increased significantly; meanwhile the activity of catalase was decreased significantly as compared with the unexposed control cells, resulting in significant DNA damage. Our data obtained from inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) assays showed that iron is the most abundant metal in all three PM10 preparations. Thus, we have demonstrated that, similar to sPM10 , iPM10 is also capable of inducing oxidative stress by probably inducing generation of H2 O2 and impairing enzymatic antioxidant defense, resulting in oxidative DNA damage and even apoptotic cell death through the iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yi
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Sánchez-Pérez Y, Chirino YI, Osornio-Vargas ÁR, Herrera LA, Morales-Bárcenas R, López-Saavedra A, González-Ramírez I, Miranda J, García-Cuellar CM. Cytoplasmic p21CIP1/WAF1, ERK1/2 activation, and cytoskeletal remodeling are associated with the senescence-like phenotype after airborne particulate matter (PM10) exposure in lung cells. Toxicol Lett 2014; 225:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Michael S, Montag M, Dott W. Pro-inflammatory effects and oxidative stress in lung macrophages and epithelial cells induced by ambient particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 183:19-29. [PMID: 23462618 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the toxicological effects of different source-related ambient PM10 samples in regard to their chemical composition. In this context we investigated airborne PM from different sites in Aachen, Germany. For the toxicological investigation human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and murine macrophages (RAW264.7) were exposed from 0 to 96 h to increasing PM concentrations (0-100 μg/ml) followed by analyses of cell viability, pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The chemical analysis of these particles indicated the presence of 21 elements, water-soluble ions and PAHs. The toxicological investigations of the PM10 samples demonstrated a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability and an increase in pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Michael
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Human Technology Centre, RWTH Aachen University, Theaterplatz 14, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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