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Bava R, Castagna F, Lupia C, Poerio G, Liguori G, Lombardi R, Naturale MD, Bulotta RM, Biondi V, Passantino A, Britti D, Statti G, Palma E. Hive Products: Composition, Pharmacological Properties, and Therapeutic Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:646. [PMID: 38794216 PMCID: PMC11124102 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Beekeeping provides products with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical characteristics. These products are characterized by abundance of bioactive compounds. For different reasons, honey, royal jelly, propolis, venom, and pollen are beneficial to humans and animals and could be used as therapeutics. The pharmacological action of these products is related to many of their constituents. The main bioactive components of honey include oligosaccharides, methylglyoxal, royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), and phenolics compounds. Royal jelly contains jelleins, royalisin peptides, MRJPs, and derivatives of hydroxy-decenoic acid, particularly 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), which possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuromodulatory, metabolic syndrome-preventing, and anti-aging properties. Propolis has a plethora of activities that are referable to compounds such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester. Peptides found in bee venom include phospholipase A2, apamin, and melittin. In addition to being vitamin-rich, bee pollen also includes unsaturated fatty acids, sterols, and phenolics compounds that express antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the constituents of hive products are particular and different. All of these constituents have been investigated for their properties in numerous research studies. This review aims to provide a thorough screening of the bioactive chemicals found in honeybee products and their beneficial biological effects. The manuscript may provide impetus to the branch of unconventional medicine that goes by the name of apitherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giusi Poerio
- ATS Val Padana, Via dei Toscani, 46100 Mantova, Italy;
| | | | - Renato Lombardi
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Maria Diana Naturale
- Ministry of Health, Directorate General for Health Programming, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Vito Biondi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Annamaria Passantino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (R.M.B.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Liu Q, Luo Z, Sun M, Li W, Liu S. Mechanistic exploration and experimental validation of the Xiaochaihu decoction for the treatment of breast cancer by network pharmacology. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7979-7999. [PMID: 38742934 PMCID: PMC11132012 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xiaochaihu (XCH) decoction is a traditional Chinese prescription that has been recorded in the pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China. In China, the XCH decoction is used clinically to treat a variety of tumors, including breast cancer. However, its potential mechanism of action is still undefined. METHODS The chemical compounds in the XCH decoction were identified via Q Exactive Orbitrap LC-MS/MS. Then, we screened the active ingredients and targets in the XCH decoction from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Next, Cytoscape and Metascape were used to construct an active ingredient-target-disease network, which included a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, GO enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Finally, we used molecular docking and in vitro experiments to verify the results of network pharmacology analysis. RESULTS More than 70 major compounds were identified by Q Exactive Orbitrap LC-MS/MS analysis from the XCH decoction. A total of 162 active ingredients and 153 targets related to the XCH decoction and breast cancer were identified, and a compound-target-disease network was constructed. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the XCH decoction regulated the drug response, apoptosis process, cancer pathway, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking and experimental validation indicated that the XCH decoction suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that the XCH decoction can be used to treat breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and downregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Zehua Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Songqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
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Salama A, Hamed Salama A, Hasanein Asfour M. Tannic acid coated nanosuspension for oral delivery of chrysin intended for anti-schizophrenic effect in mice. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124085. [PMID: 38580073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Chrysin is a flavonoid drug with numerous therapeutic activities. It suffers from low intestinal absorption owing to its hydrophobicity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to exploit the efficient technique of nanosuspension (NSP) to formulate chrysin-NSP coated with tannic acid (TA) to improve the solubility and anti-schizophrenic activity of chrysin. A 23 full factorial design was constructed where the independent factors were type of polymer, surfactant concentration (0.5 or 1 %) and the aqueous phase volume (5 or 15 mL), while the dependent responses were the particle size (PS) of the obtained formulation as well as the % chrysin dissolved after 2 h (Q2h). The optimum formulation (NSP-4) composed of 1 % PEG 400 and 1 % Cremophor RH40 in 15 mL aqueous phase. It achieved a PS and Q2h values of 108.00 nm and 38.77 %, respectively. NSP-4 was then coated with TA (TA-coated NSP-4) for further enhancement of chrysin solubility. TA-coated NSP-4 revealed PS and zeta potential values of 150 ± 14 nm and -32.54 ± 2.45 mV, respectively. After 6 h, chrysin dissolved % were 53.97 and 80.22 for uncoated NSP-4 and TA-coated NSP-4, respectively, compared with only 9.47 for free chrysin. The developed formulations and free chrysin were assessed regarding their effect on schizophrenia induced in mice by cuprizone (CPZ). Treatment with the developed formulations and free chrysin ameliorated demyelination and behavioral deficit induced by CPZ via elevating MBP and PI3K/PKC activities as well as reducing GFAP expression levels. The developed formulations and free chrysin inhibited Galactin-3 and TGF-β expressions and stimulated GST antioxidant enzyme. Furthermore, they maintained the balances in glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission via modulation on neuregulin-1 and alleviated nuclear pyknosis and degeneration in the neurons. The order of activity was: TA-coated NSP-4 > NSP-4 > free chrysin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Alaa Hamed Salama
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hasanein Asfour
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
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Buitrago DM, Perdomo SJ, Silva FA, Cely-Veloza W, Lafaurie GI. Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Proliferative Activity of Colombian Propolis Extracts: A Comparative Study. Molecules 2024; 29:1643. [PMID: 38611922 PMCID: PMC11013913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Propolis extracts have been widely studied due to their popularity in traditional medicine, presenting incredible biodiversity. This study aimed to analyze propolis extracts' phytochemical, physicochemical, and biological activities from four different biogeographic zones of the Huila region (Colombia). The raw material samples were collected by the scraping method and the ethanolic extracts (EEPs) were obtained by cold maceration with ethanol (96%). The physicochemical and sensory characterization was carried out according to the protocols recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and the main components of the EEPs were identified by LC-HRMS analysis. The determination of total phenols and flavonoids was carried out using colorimetric techniques. The antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and cell cycle regulation analyses in L929 and HGnF cells were evaluated using DPPH, Alamar Blue, and 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD) assays. The propolis samples presented an average yield of 33.1%, humidity between 1.6 and 2.8%, melting point between 54 and 62 °C, ashes between 1.40 and 2.19%, and waxes of 6.6-17.9%, respectively. The sensory characteristics of all samples were heterogeneous, complying with the quality specifications established by international standards. The polyphenolic and total flavonoid content was representative in the samples from Quebradon (255.9 ± 9.2 mg GAE/g, 543.1 ± 8.4 mg QE/g) and Arcadia (543.1 ± 8.4 mg GAE/g, 32.5 ± 1.18 g QE/g) (p < 0.05) that correlated with high antioxidant activity (Quebradon: 37.2 ± 1.2 µmol/g, Arcadia: 38.19 ± 0.7 µmol/g). In the chemical composition analysis, 19 compounds were characterized as phenolic acids and flavonoids, the most representative being chrysoeriol-O-methyl-ether, ellagic acid, and 3,4-O-dimethylcaffeic acid. Regarding biological activity, Quebradon and Arcadia propolis presented low toxicity with IC50 of 2.83 ± 2.3 mg/mL and 4.28 ± 1.4 mg/mL in HGnF cells, respectively, and an arrest of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase of 71.6% and 50.8% compared to the control (11.9%) (p < 0.05). In general, the results of this study contribute to the identification of valid quality criteria to evaluate Colombian propolis, contributing to its study and chemical and biological characterization as a source of raw material for industrial and pharmaceutical use. In addition, Quebradon and Arcadia propolis can be important sources of bioactive molecules for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marcela Buitrago
- Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral—UIBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Sandra J. Perdomo
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group-INMUBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia;
| | | | - Willy Cely-Veloza
- Área Bioclínica, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia;
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajica 250247, Colombia
| | - Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral—UIBO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhai Y, Zhao X, Lv M, Yu S, Xiao H, Song Y. Inhibitory mechanism of chrysin and diosmetin to α-glucosidase: insights from kinetics, multispectroscopy and molecular docking investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38289727 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is a promising method to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. The inhibitory effect and interaction of chrysin and diosmetin on α-glucosidase were studied in this study. The results of inhibition kinetics showed that chrysin and diosmetin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity with IC50 value of 26.445 ± 1.406 μmol L-1 and 18.380 ± 1.264 μmol L-1, respectively. Further research revealed that chrysin exhibited a mixed-type inhibitory pattern against α-glucosidase, while diosmetin was noncompetitive inhibitory with Ki value of (2.6 ± 0.04) ×10-4 mol L-1. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both chrysin and diosmetin could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, the maximum emission wavelength of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) were not moved by chrysin, but red shifted by diosmetin. UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) measurements showed that the secondary structure and microenvironment of α-glucosidase were changed by chrysin and diosmetin. Further analysis of molecular docking showed that chrysin and diosmetin could bind with α-glucosidase and might cause the decrease of α-glucosidase activity. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that the stability of chrysin (or diosmetin)-α-glucosidase complex system was changed during binding process. In conclusion, chrysin and diosmetin are good α-glucosidase inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhan Zhai
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxing Lv
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Xiao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Sghier K, Mur M, Veiga F, Paiva-Santos AC, Pires PC. Novel Therapeutic Hybrid Systems Using Hydrogels and Nanotechnology: A Focus on Nanoemulgels for the Treatment of Skin Diseases. Gels 2024; 10:45. [PMID: 38247768 PMCID: PMC10815052 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Topical and transdermal drug delivery are advantageous administration routes, especially when treating diseases and conditions with a skin etiology. Nevertheless, conventional dosage forms often lead to low therapeutic efficacy, safety issues, and patient noncompliance. To tackle these issues, novel topical and transdermal platforms involving nanotechnology have been developed. This review focuses on the latest advances regarding the development of nanoemulgels for skin application, encapsulating a wide variety of molecules, including already marketed drugs (miconazole, ketoconazole, fusidic acid, imiquimod, meloxicam), repurposed marketed drugs (atorvastatin, omeprazole, leflunomide), natural-derived compounds (eucalyptol, naringenin, thymoquinone, curcumin, chrysin, brucine, capsaicin), and other synthetic molecules (ebselen, tocotrienols, retinyl palmitate), for wound healing, skin and skin appendage infections, skin inflammatory diseases, skin cancer, neuropathy, or anti-aging purposes. Developed formulations revealed adequate droplet size, PDI, viscosity, spreadability, pH, stability, drug release, and drug permeation and/or retention capacity, having more advantageous characteristics than current marketed formulations. In vitro and/or in vivo studies established the safety and efficacy of the developed formulations, confirming their therapeutic potential, and making them promising platforms for the replacement of current therapies, or as possible adjuvant treatments, which might someday effectively reach the market to help fight highly incident skin or systemic diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Sghier
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946, Brno-Královo Pole, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Mur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C. Pires
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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Sarmah D, Sengupta R. A Review on the Role of Phytoconstituents Chrysin on the Protective Effect on Liver and Kidney. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2024; 21:e251023222716. [PMID: 37921185 DOI: 10.2174/0115701638242317231018144944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chance of contracting significant diseases increases due to an unhealthy and contemporary lifestyle. Chrysin is a flavonoid of the flavone class in numerous plants, including Passiflora and Pelargonium. Chrysin has long been used to treat a variety of illnesses. Chrysin, an essential flavonoid, has many pharmacological actions, including anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, depressive, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activity. PURPOSE This explorative review was commenced to provide a holistic review of flavonoids confirming that Chrysin has a therapeutic potential on the liver and kidney and reduces the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by diverse toxicants, which can be helpful for the toxicologists, pharmacologists, and chemists to develop new safer pharmaceutical products with chrysin and other toxicants. STUDY DESIGN The most relevant studies that were well-explained and fit the chosen topic best were picked. The achieved information was analyzed to determine the outcome by screening sources by title, abstract, and whole work. Between themselves, the writers decided on the studies to be considered. The necessary details were systematically organized into titles and subtitles and compressively discussed. METHOD The information presented in this review is obtained using targeted searches on several online platforms, including Google Scholar, Scifinder, PubMed, Science Direct, ACS publications, and Wiley Online Library. The works were chosen based on the inclusion criteria agreed upon by all authors. RESULTS Chrysin is a promising bioactive flavonoid with significant health benefits, and its synthetic replacements are being utilized as pharmaceuticals to treat various diseases. Findings revealed that Chrysin exhibits hepatoprotective actions against several hepatotoxicants like 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), cisplatin, and others by lowering the levels of liver toxicity biomarkers and enhancing antioxidant levels. Additionally, chrysin has potential nephroprotective properties against various nephrotoxicants, like Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Paracetamol, Gentamicin, Streptazosin, and others by dropping kidney toxicity marker levels, reducing oxidative stress, and improving the antioxidant level. CONCLUSION According to this revised study, chrysin is a promising phytoconstituent that can be utilized as an alternate treatment for various medications that cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. With active chrysin, several dosage forms targeting the liver and kidneys can be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debika Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hatkhowapara Azara, Guwahati, 17, India
| | - Rupa Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hatkhowapara Azara, Guwahati, 17, India
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Trivedi A, Hasan A, Ahmad R, Siddiqui S, Srivastava A, Misra A, Mir SS. Flavonoid Myricetin as Potent Anticancer Agent: A Possibility towards Development of Potential Anticancer Nutraceuticals. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:75-84. [PMID: 37340205 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Good nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining a balanced lifestyle. The beneficial effects of nutrition have been found to counteract nutritional disturbances with the expanded use of nutraceuticals to treat and manage cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other developmental defects over the last decade. Flavonoids are found abundantly in plant-derived foods such as fruits, vegetables, tea, cocoa, and wine. Fruits and vegetables contain phytochemicals like flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids. Flavonoids can act as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-microbial (antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral) antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-diarrheal agents. Flavonoids are also reported to upregulate apoptotic activity in several cancers such as hepatic, pancreatic, breast, esophageal, and colon. Myricetin is a flavonol which is naturally present in fruits and vegetables and has shown possible nutraceutical value. Myricetin has been portrayed as a potent nutraceutical that may protect against cancer. The focus of the present review is to present an updated account of studies demonstrating the anticancer potential of myricetin and the molecular mechanisms involved therein. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) underlying its anticancer activity would eventually help in its development as a novel anticancer nutraceutical having minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India
| | - Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India
| | - Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India
| | - Aparna Misra
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India
| | - Snober S Mir
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
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Asadi GS, Abdizadeh R, Abdizadeh T. Investigation of a set of flavonoid compounds as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors: insights from in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-23. [PMID: 38153379 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2295973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral, microaerophilic gram-negative bacterium, which is associated with the destruction of the lining of the stomach, leads to chronic inflammation of the stomach, which can cause stomach and duodenal ulcers. The problems caused by the treatment with antibiotics have caused researchers to use new approaches to treat infections caused by H. pylori, among them specific treatments with flavonoids. Urease enzyme, as one of the most important pathogenic and antigenic factors of this bacterium, is a suitable target for this purpose. In this study, the inhibitory effect of flavonoid compounds compared to acetohydroxamic acid on H. pylori urease enzyme was evaluated using molecular modeling methods. First, the interaction of flavonoids with urease enzyme compared with acetohydroxamic acid was investigated by molecular docking method to produce efficient docking poses. Then the physicochemical properties and toxicity of the best flavonoid compounds were analyzed using the swissadme server. Also, molecular dynamics calculations were performed to precisely understand the interactions between ligands and protein. The results of this study show that all the investigated flavonoid compounds are capable of inhibiting H. pylori urease. Among these compounds, six compounds chrysin, galangin, kaempferol, luteolin, morin and quercetin showed a greater tendency to bind to urease, compared to the acetohydroxamic acid inhibitor. These compounds are desirable in terms of physicochemical properties. This study also revealed that the flavonoids with their hydroxyl groups (-OH) play an important role during bond formation with amino acids Ala278, Ala169, His314, Asp362 and Asn168. Therefore, flavonoid compounds, due to their suitable location in the active site of the urease, create a more effective inhibition than the chemical drug acetohydroxamic acid and can be suitable candidates for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori under in vitro and in vivo investigations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Sadat Asadi
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rahman Abdizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tooba Abdizadeh
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Liu X, Zhang X, Shao Z, Zhong X, Ding X, Wu L, Chen J, He P, Cheng Y, Zhu K, Zheng D, Jing J, Luo T. Pyrotinib and chrysin synergistically potentiate autophagy in HER2-positive breast cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:463. [PMID: 38110365 PMCID: PMC10728098 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) has been the most challenging subtype of BC, consisting of 20% of BC with an apparent correlation with poor prognosis. Despite that pyrotinib, a new HER2 inhibitor, has led to dramatic improvements in prognosis, the efficacy of pyrotinib monotherapy remains largely restricted due to its acquired resistance. Therefore, identifying a new potential antitumor drug in combination with pyrotinib to amplify therapeutic efficacy is a pressing necessity. Here, we reported a novel combination of pyrotinib with chrysin and explored its antitumor efficacy and the underlying mechanism in HER2-positive BC. We determined that pyrotinib combined with chrysin yielded a potent synergistic effect to induce more evident cell cycle arrest, inhibit the proliferation of BT-474 and SK-BR-3 BC cells, and repress in vivo tumor growth in xenograft mice models. This may be attributed to enhanced autophagy induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, the combined treatment of pyrotinib and chrysin induced ubiquitination and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) degradation by upregulating zinc finger and BTB/POZ domain-containing family protein 16 (ZBTB16) in tumorigenesis of BC. Mechanistically, we identified that miR-16-5p was a potential upstream regulator of ZBTB16, and it showed a significant inverse correlation with ZBTB16. Inhibition of miR-16-5p overexpression by restoring ZBTB16 significantly potentiated the overall antitumor efficacy of pyrotinib combined with chrysin against HER2-positive BC. Together, these findings demonstrate that the combined treatment of pyrotinib and chrysin enhances autophagy in HER2-positive BC through an unrecognized miR-16-5p/ZBTB16/G6PD axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liu
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping He
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kunrui Zhu
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ting Luo
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, Cancer Center, Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Raina R, Hussain A, Almutary AG, Haque S, Raza T, D’Souza AC, Subramani S, Sajeevan A. Co-administration of Chrysin and Luteolin with Cisplatin and Topotecan Exhibits a Variable Therapeutic Value in Human Cancer Cells, HeLa. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41204-41213. [PMID: 37970041 PMCID: PMC10633856 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Combinational treatment is a promising strategy for better cancer treatment outcomes. Chrysin and luteolin have demonstrated effective anticancer activity. Cisplatin and topotecan are commonly used for the treatment of human cancers. However, various side effects including drug resistance are an imperative restriction to use them as pharmacological therapy. Therefore, the aim was to use these agents in combination with flavones for better efficacy. In the present study, it was found that the combination of chrysin and cisplatin and luteolin and cisplatin significantly improved the anticancer effect as both the combinations showed synergistic interactions [combinational index (CI < 1)]. Remarkably, the combination of chrysin and luteolin with topotecan depicted the antagonistic interaction (CI > 1). Further, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase 8 and the inhibition of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 were instituted in the synergistic doses (chrysin + cisplatin and luteolin + cisplatin), hence promoting apoptosis. Also, it was found that the synergistic combination inhibited the migration of HeLa cells by downregulation of metalloproteases and upregulation of TIMPs. However, there are no significant changes depicted in the antagonistic combinations which support their role in their antagonistic effects. Based on these results, it can be inferred that the two or more drug combinations need to be explored well for their interaction to enhance the therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raina
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Khalifa
City, Abu Dhabi 51072, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research
and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health
Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasleem Raza
- Department
of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical
College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Ashley Cletus D’Souza
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sachin Subramani
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akash Sajeevan
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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12
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Qaed E, Al-Hamyari B, Al-Maamari A, Qaid A, Alademy H, Almoiliqy M, Munyemana JC, Al-Nusaif M, Alafifi J, Alyafeai E, Safi M, Geng Z, Tang Z, Ma X. Fisetin's Promising Antitumor Effects: Uncovering Mechanisms and Targeting for Future Therapies. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:205-220. [PMID: 37565061 PMCID: PMC10412067 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer remains a critical global health challenge and a leading cause of mortality. Flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables have gained attention for their potential anti-cancer properties. Fisetin, abundantly present in strawberries, apples, onions, and other plant sources, has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer prevention. Epidemiological studies linking a diet rich in these foods to lower cancer risk have sparked extensive research on fisetin's efficacy. Objective This review aims to comprehensively explore the molecular mechanisms of fisetin's anticancer properties and investigate its potential synergistic effects with other anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the review examines the therapeutic and preventive effects of fisetin against various cancers. Methods A systematic analysis of the available scientific literature was conducted, including research articles, clinical trials, and review papers related to fisetin's anticancer properties. Reputable databases were searched, and selected studies were critically evaluated to extract essential information on fisetin's mechanisms of action and its interactions with other anticancer drugs. Results Preclinical trials have demonstrated that fisetin inhibits cancer cell growth through mechanisms such as cell cycle alteration, induction of apoptosis, and activation of the autophagy signaling pathway. Additionally, fisetin reduces reactive oxygen species levels, contributing to its overall anticancer potential. Investigation of its synergistic effects with other anticancer drugs suggests potential for combination therapies. Conclusion Fisetin, a bioactive flavonoid abundant in fruits and vegetables, exhibits promising anticancer properties through multiple mechanisms of action. Preclinical trials provide a foundation for further exploration in human clinical trials. Understanding fisetin's molecular mechanisms is vital for developing novel, safe, and effective cancer prevention and treatment strategies. The potential synergy with other anticancer drugs opens new avenues for combination therapies, enhancing cancer management approaches and global health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskandar Qaed
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bandar Al-Hamyari
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Al-Maamari
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdullah Qaid
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russia
| | - Haneen Alademy
- Taiz University Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Yemen
| | - Marwan Almoiliqy
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Aden, Yemen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Jean Claude Munyemana
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Murad Al-Nusaif
- Department of Neurology and Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jameel Alafifi
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, People's Republic of China
| | - Eman Alyafeai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed Safi
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohong Geng
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang H, Liu Y, Cui J, Tong M, Guan W, Cao Z, Gao X, Han X, Xian X, Li J, Zhao L. Effects of Scutellaria strigillosa Hemsl. extract on HepG2 cell proliferation and apoptosis through binding to aspartate β-hydroxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 668:62-69. [PMID: 37244036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impacts of Scutellaria strigillosa Hemsl. (SSH) on the proliferation, apoptosis of human hepatoma cell HepG2 and screen the bioactive components. We found that SSH extract inhibited HepG2 proliferation, arrested cell division prior to S phase. Additionally, SSH extract exposure induced apoptosis, and increased the proportions of late apoptotic cells. Specifically, we focus on the inhibitory effect of SSH extract on aspartate β-hydroxylase, a key therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma closely related with the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2. We found SSH extract with notable inhibitory activity against aspartate β-hydroxylase, elucidated the main bioactive constituents by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS and Molecular docking analysis. In conclusion, these results provided the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of SSH on HepG2 cell, elucidated the main bioactive constituents based on aspartate β-hydroxylase inhibition. These data revealed the potential value of SSH and its bioactive components for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jiawen Cui
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Miaomiao Tong
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wenlong Guan
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xian
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jiankun Li
- The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Health Road No. 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China.
| | - Lili Zhao
- Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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14
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Pasdaran A, Zare M, Hamedi A, Hamedi A. A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Colorants, Dyes, and Pigments: Challenges, and Opportunities for Food, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Application. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300561. [PMID: 37471105 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural pigments are important sources for the screening of bioactive lead compounds. This article reviewed the chemistry and therapeutic potentials of over 570 colored molecules from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, algae, and marine sources. Moreover, related biological activities, advanced extraction, and identification approaches were reviewed. A variety of biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-microbial, antiviral, and anti-protozoal activities, have been reported for different pigments. Considering their structural backbone, they were classified as naphthoquinones, carotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthocyanins, benzotropolones, alkaloids, terpenoids, isoprenoids, and non-isoprenoids. Alkaloid pigments were mostly isolated from bacteria and marine sources, while flavonoids were mostly found in plants and mushrooms. Colored quinones and xanthones were mostly extracted from plants and fungi, while colored polyketides and terpenoids are often found in marine sources and fungi. Carotenoids are mostly distributed among bacteria, followed by fungi and plants. The pigments isolated from insects have different structures, but among them, carotenoids and quinone/xanthone are the most important. Considering good manufacturing practices, the current permitted natural colorants are: Carotenoids (canthaxanthin, β-carotene, β-apo-8'-carotenal, annatto, astaxanthin) and their sources, lycopene, anthocyanins, betanin, chlorophyllins, spirulina extract, carmine and cochineal extract, henna, riboflavin, pyrogallol, logwood extract, guaiazulene, turmeric, and soy leghemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student research committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Hamedi
- School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Croley CR, Pumarol J, Delgadillo BE, Cook AC, Day F, Kaceli T, Ward CC, Husain I, Husain A, Banerjee S, Bishayee A. Signaling pathways driving ocular malignancies and their targeting by bioactive phytochemicals. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108479. [PMID: 37330112 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ocular cancers represent a rare pathology. The American Cancer Society estimates that 3,360 cases of ocular cancer occur annually in the United States. The major types of cancers of the eye include ocular melanoma (also known as uveal melanoma), ocular lymphoma, retinoblastoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. While uveal melanoma is one of the primary intraocular cancers with the highest occurrence in adults, retinoblastoma remains the most common primary intraocular cancer in children, and squamous cell carcinoma presents as the most common conjunctival cancer. The pathophysiology of these diseases involves specific cell signaling pathways. Oncogene mutations, tumor suppressor mutations, chromosome deletions/translocations and altered proteins are all described as causal events in developing ocular cancer. Without proper identification and treatment of these cancers, vision loss, cancer spread, and even death can occur. The current treatments for these cancers involve enucleation, radiation, excision, laser treatment, cryotherapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. These treatments present a significant burden to the patient that includes a possible loss of vision and a myriad of side effects. Therefore, alternatives to traditional therapy are urgently needed. Intercepting the signaling pathways for these cancers with the use of naturally occurring phytochemicals could be a way to relieve both cancer burden and perhaps even prevent cancer occurrence. This research aims to present a comprehensive review of the signaling pathways involved in various ocular cancers, discuss current therapeutic options, and examine the potential of bioactive phytocompounds in the prevention and targeted treatment of ocular neoplasms. The current limitations, challenges, pitfalls, and future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Croley
- Healthcare Corporation of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Hudson, FL 34667, USA
| | - Joshua Pumarol
- Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, FL 33027, USA
| | - Blake E Delgadillo
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Andrew C Cook
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Faith Day
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Tea Kaceli
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Caroline C Ward
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Imran Husain
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA
| | - Ali Husain
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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16
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Sassi A, Fredon M, Cotte AK, Fuselier C, Schneider C, Martiny L, Monchaud D, Chekir-Ghedira L, Aires V, Delmas D. Chrysin-Induced Regression of Angiogenesis via an Induction of DNA Damage Response and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Melanoma. Cells 2023; 12:1561. [PMID: 37371032 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress made in treatments, melanoma is one of the cancers for which its incidence and mortality have increased during recent decades. In the research of new therapeutic strategies, natural polyphenols such as chrysin could be good candidates owing to their capacities to modulate the different fundamental aspects of tumorigenesis and resistance mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and neoangiogenesis. In the present study, we sought to determine whether chrysin could exert antitumoral effects via the modulation of angiogenesis by acting on oxidative stress and associated DNA damage. For the first time, we show a link between chrysin-induced antiproliferative effects, the activation of the DNA damage pathway, and its ability to limit angiogenesis. More specifically, herein, we show that chrysin induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks via the activation of the DNA damage response pathway: ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated)/Chk2 (checkpoint kinase 2) and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related)/Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1) pathways. Strong activation of this DNA damage response was found to be partly involved in the ability of chrysin to limit angiogenesis and may partly involve a direct interaction between the polyphenol and DNA G-quadruplex structures responsible for the replication fork collapse. Moreover, these events were associated with a marked reduction in melanoma cells' capacity to secrete proangiogenic factor VEGF-A. The disruption of these key protein actors in tumor growth by chrysin was also confirmed in a syngeneic model of B16 melanoma. This last point is of importance to further consider the use of chrysin as a new therapeutic strategy in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Sassi
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231-Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Maxime Fredon
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231-Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alexia K Cotte
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231-Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Camille Fuselier
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Christophe Schneider
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Laurent Martiny
- Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51687 Reims, France
| | - David Monchaud
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMUB), CNRS UMR6302, UBFC, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Virginie Aires
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231-Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Dominique Delmas
- UFR Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231-Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Georges François Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France
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17
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Lu Q, Xie Y, Luo J, Gong Q, Li C. Natural flavones from edible and medicinal plants exhibit enormous potential to treat ulcerative colitis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1168990. [PMID: 37324477 PMCID: PMC10268007 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1168990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic aspecific gut inflammatory disorder that primarily involves the recta and colons. It mostly presents as a long course of repeated attacks. This disease, characterized by intermittent diarrhoea, fecal blood, stomachache, and tenesmus, severely decreases the living quality of sick persons. UC is difficult to heal, has a high recurrence rate, and is tightly related to the incidence of colon cancer. Although there are a number of drugs available for the suppression of colitis, the conventional therapy possesses certain limitations and severe adverse reactions. Thus, it is extremely required for safe and effective medicines for colitis, and naturally derived flavones exhibited huge prospects. This study focused on the advancement of naturally derived flavones from edible and pharmaceutical plants for treating colitis. The underlying mechanisms of natural-derived flavones in treating UC were closely linked to the regulation of enteric barrier function, immune-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, gut microflora, and SCFAs production. The prominent effects and safety of natural-derived flavones make them promising candidate drugs for colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuhong Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jingbin Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Company Limited, Foshan, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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18
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Ragab EM, El Gamal DM, Mohamed TM, Khamis AA. Impairment of electron transport chain and induction of apoptosis by chrysin nanoparticles targeting succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase in pancreatic and lung cancer cells. GENES & NUTRITION 2023; 18:4. [PMID: 36906524 PMCID: PMC10008604 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids may help ameliorate the incidence of the major causes of tumor-related mortality, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and lung cancer, which are predicted to steadily increase between 2020 to 2030. Here we compared the effect of chrysin and chrysin nanoparticles (CCNPs) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FLU) on the activity and expression of mitochondrial complex II (CII) to induce apoptosis in pancreatic (PANC-1) and lung (A549) cancer cells. METHODS Chrysin nanoparticles (CCNPs) were synthesized and characterized, and the IC50 was evaluated in normal, PANC-1, and A549 cell lines using the MTT assay. The effect of chrysin and CCNPs on CΙΙ activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and mitochondria swelling were evaluated. Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry, and expression of the C and D subunits of SDH, sirtuin-3 (SIRT-3), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) was evaluated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS The IC50 of CII subunit C and D binding to chrysin was determined and used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment on the activity of SDH with ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased (chrysin < CCNPs < 5-FLU and CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU, respectively), which was confirmed by the significant decrease of expression of SDH C and D, SIRT-3, and HIF-1α mRNA (CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU). There was also a significant increase in the apoptotic effects (CCNPs > chrysin > 5-FLU) in both PANC-1 and A549 cells and a significant increase in mitochondria swelling (CCNPs < chrysin < 5-FLU and CCNPs > chrysin > 5-FLU, respectively) than that in non-cancerous cells. CONCLUSION Treatment with CCNPs improved the effect of chrysin on succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity and expression and therefore has the potential as a more efficient formulation than chemotherapy to prevent metastasis and angiogenesis by targeting HIF-1α in PDAC and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ragab
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Doaa M El Gamal
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Mousavi M, Moliani A, Bahmn Y, Bagheri H. Resveratrol inhibits glioblastoma cells and chemoresistance progression through blockade P-glycoprotein and targeting AKT/PTEN signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 376:110409. [PMID: 36804490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas have been categorized as a debilitating class of brain tumors that are resistant to radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs, and have a poor prognosis. Hyper-activation of PI3K/AKT pathway and overexpression of p-glycoprotein transporter contributes to enhanced glioblastoma survival and chemoresistance. Resveratrol which possibly inhibits PI3K pathway, has been thus investigated for a potential therapeutic role in glioma. In the present study, the effect of resveratrol on human U87MG and doxorubicin-resistant glioblastoma cells (U87MG/DOX) survival evaluated by MTT. The ability of resveratrol to overcome doxorubicin resistance in glioblastoma cells was also explored with Rhodamines 123 uptake and ELISA assays. Resveratrol reduced cell survival in a PTEN and P53-dependent manner which was an effect associated with the inhibition of PI3K signaling pathway and via the activation of P-glycoprotein. Our finding showed that resveratrol, as a glioblastoma cell growth inhibitor and chemosensitizer, could be promising if used in the treatment of brain cancer. Resveratrol inhibits the progression of glioblastoma cells and reverses chemoresistance by upregulating PTEN, and suppressing AKT and P-glycoprotein. Targeting PTEN with resveratrol may offer a novel therapeutic approach for the chemo-sensitization of glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, PR China
| | - Mahdi Mousavi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, PR China
| | - Afshin Moliani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, PR China
| | - Yousefi Bahmn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, PR China.
| | - Hossein Bagheri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, PR China.
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20
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Mo J, Tong Y, Ma J, Wang K, Feng Y, Wang L, Jiang H, Jin C, Li J. The mechanism of flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus on inhibiting liver cancer based on in vitro experiments and network pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1049953. [PMID: 36817123 PMCID: PMC9936097 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1049953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk., a subtropical tree belonging to the family Juglandaceae, is rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, and terpenoids. It has important pharmacological effects such as lowering blood lipids, blood sugar, and blood pressure. However, little has been discerned regarding anti tumor effects and their potential mechanisms. Method: In vitro cell culture experiments were used to test the effect of C. paliurus total flavonoids (CTFs) extract on apoptosis mechanisms in HepG2 cells. Network pharmacology was applied to further explore the effects of CTFs on liver cancer as well as the mechanisms through which these effects might be achieved. Both 3 hydroxyflavone and luteolin were randomly selected to verify the effect on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Results and Discussion: Network pharmacological analysis was applied to these 62 compounds and their targets, and 13 flavonoids were further screened for their potential anti liver cancer activity. These 13 flavonoids included: tangeretin, baicalein, 7,3'-dihydroxyflavone, velutin, 3-hydroxyflavone, chrysin, kumatakenin, tricin, luteolin, chrysoeriol, apigenin, pinocembrin, and butin. Together, these flavonoids were predicted to interact with AKT1, MAPK3, PIK3CA, EGFR, MAP2K1, SRC, IGF1R, IKBKB, MET, and MAPK14. It was predicted that the inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma would be accomplished by regulation of core proteins relating to such KEGG pathways as cancer, PI3K-Akt, proteoglycans in cancer, microRNAs in cancer, and endocrine resistance via core target proteins. Both 3-hydroxyflavone and luteolin were demonstrated to induce apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Our study provides scientific evidence supporting the use of CTFs for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggang Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingpeng Tong
- School of Advanced Study, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Junxia Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liezhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Chong Jin, ; Junmin Li,
| | - Junmin Li
- School of Advanced Study, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China,*Correspondence: Chong Jin, ; Junmin Li,
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Falbo F, Aiello F. Chrysin: A polyedric flavone as a tool to explore new phytotherapeutic applications and drug design. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200347. [PMID: 36316229 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the field of pharmaceutical research, a branch that has become more and more interesting is phytochemistry. Among phytochemicals, flavonoids have been studied a lot over the past 30 years. This review summarizes the chemical characteristics, metabolism, applications, and toxicity of a particular flavonoid, chrysin, recorded in the last 10 years and supported by solid biological assays. Furthermore, this review highlights some derivatives of chrysin investigated to obtain more bioavailable molecules that maintain or improve chrysin's bioactivities, enclosing a chrysin patent section, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Falbo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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22
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Schanknecht E, Bachari A, Nassar N, Piva T, Mantri N. Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010859. [PMID: 36614303 PMCID: PMC9820847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is deadly, physically impairing, and has ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens include surgery, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and combined approaches. Each of these treatments face pitfalls, with diminutive five-year survival in patients with advanced metastatic invasion of lymph and secondary organ tissues. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids; both natural and synthetic, have emerging evidence of nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmacological potential, including specific anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa is a wellspring of medicinal compounds whose direct and adjunctive application may offer considerable relief for melanoma suffers worldwide. This review aims to address the diverse applications of C. sativa's biocompounds in the scope of melanoma and suggest it as a strong candidate for ongoing pharmacological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Schanknecht
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Ava Bachari
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nazim Nassar
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Terrence Piva
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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23
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Wang J, Liu YM, Hu J, Chen C. Trained immunity in monocyte/macrophage: Novel mechanism of phytochemicals in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1109576. [PMID: 36895942 PMCID: PMC9989041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1109576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the pathology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), characterized by persistent chronic inflammation in the vessel wall, in which monocytes/macrophages play a key role. It has been reported that innate immune system cells can assume a persistent proinflammatory state after short stimulation with endogenous atherogenic stimuli. The pathogenesis of AS can be influenced by this persistent hyperactivation of the innate immune system, which is termed trained immunity. Trained immunity has also been implicated as a key pathological mechanism, leading to persistent chronic inflammation in AS. Trained immunity is mediated via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming and occurs in mature innate immune cells and their bone marrow progenitors. Natural products are promising candidates for novel pharmacological agents that can be used to prevent or treat cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A variety of natural products and agents exhibiting antiatherosclerotic abilities have been reported to potentially interfere with the pharmacological targets of trained immunity. This review describes in as much detail as possible the mechanisms involved in trained immunity and how phytochemicals of this process inhibit AS by affecting trained monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Root Bark Extract of Oroxylum indicum Vent. Inhibits Solid and Ascites Tumors and Prevents the Development of DMBA-Induced Skin Papilloma Formation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238459. [PMID: 36500567 PMCID: PMC9738881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oroxylum indicum is a traditionally used plant in Ayurvedic and folk medicines. The plant is useful for the management of gastrointestinal diseases as well as skin diseases. In the present study, we analyzed the antitumor potential of O. indicum in Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumor cells (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-induced solid and ascites tumors. Further, the potential of O. indicum extract (OIM) on skin papilloma induction by dimethyl benz(a) anthracene (DMBA) and croton oil was evaluated. The chemical composition of the extract was analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The predominant compounds present in the extract were demethoxycentaureidin 7-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, baicalein-7-O-glucuronide, 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) chromen-4-one, and 4'-Hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone. Treatment with high-dose OIM enhanced the percentage of survival in ascites tumor-bearing mice by 34.97%. Likewise, high and low doses of OIM reduced the tumor volume in mice by 61.84% and 54.21%, respectively. Further, the skin papilloma formation was brought down by the administration of low- and high-dose groups of OIM (by 67.51% and 75.63%). Overall, the study concludes that the Oroxylum indicum root bark extract is a potentially active antitumor and anticancer agent.
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Salari N, Faraji F, Jafarpour S, Faraji F, Rasoulpoor S, Dokaneheifard S, Mohammadi M. Anti-cancer Activity of Chrysin in Cancer Therapy: a Systematic Review. Indian J Surg Oncol 2022; 13:681-690. [PMID: 36687219 PMCID: PMC9845454 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysin is a natural bioactive compound that is extracted from many trees, honey, and propolis. Chrysin has several pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. This study was performed to evaluate the anti-cancer activities of chrysin in cancer therapy. The present study was conducted by systematic review of studies published up to August 2021. Related studies were identified by searching Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Science Direct, SID, MagIran, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords of chrysin, cancer, anti-cancer, and cancer therapy were used for searching. The quality of the studies was assessed by the CONSORT checklist. A total of 21 studies were identified. The results of studies showed that chrysin has an anticancer effect by stimulating apoptosis in a wide range of human cells and rats. Chrysin is also an important factor in inhibiting tumor growth and neoplasticity. Chrysin inhibits the growth and proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cytotoxic effects. Therefore, due to the antitumor effects of chrysin and its safety and non-toxicity towards normal cells, this compound can be considered as an adjuvant along with chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sima Jafarpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shna Rasoulpoor
- Medical Biology Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sadat Dokaneheifard
- Department of Human Genetics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
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Barboura M, Cornebise C, Hermetet F, Guerrache A, Selmi M, Salek A, Chekir-Ghedira L, Aires V, Delmas D. Tannic Acid, A Hydrolysable Tannin, Prevents Transforming Growth Factor-β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition to Counteract Colorectal Tumor Growth. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223645. [PMID: 36429073 PMCID: PMC9688195 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the medico-surgical progress that has been made in the management of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the prognosis at five years remains poor. This resistance of cancer cells partly results from their phenotypic characteristics in connection with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we have explored the ability of a polyphenol, tannic acid (TA), to counteract CRC cell proliferation and invasion through an action on the EMT. We highlight that TA decreases human SW480 and SW620 CRC cell and murine CT26 CRC cell viability, and TA inhibits their adhesion in the presence of important factors comprising the extracellular matrix, particularly in the presence of collagen type I and IV, and fibronectin. Moreover, these properties were associated with TA's ability to disrupt CRC cell migration and invasion, which are induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), as evidence in the video microscopy experiments showing that TA blocks the TGF-β1-induced migration of SW480 and CT26 cells. At the molecular level, TA promotes a reversal of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by repressing the mesenchymal markers (i.e., Slug, Snail, ZEB1, and N-cadherin) and re-expressing the epithelial markers (i.e., E-cadherin and β-catenin). These effects could result from a disruption of the non-canonical signaling pathway that is induced by TGF-β1, where TA strongly decreases the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase ERK1/2, P38 and the AKT proteins that are well known to contribute to the EMT, the cell motility, and the acquisition of invasive properties by tumor cells. Very interestingly, a preclinical study of mice with subcutaneous murine tumor colon CT26 cells has shown that TA was able to significantly delay the growth of tumors without hepato- and nephrotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahassen Barboura
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Clarisse Cornebise
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - François Hermetet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Abderrahmane Guerrache
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—DesCartes Team, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mouna Selmi
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Abir Salek
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Research Unit Bioactive Natural Products and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avicenne street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Virginie Aires
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Dominique Delmas
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- INSERM Research Center U1231—Cancer and Adaptive Immune Response Team, Bioactive Molecules and Health Research Group, 21000 Dijon, France
- Centre Anticancéreux Georges François Leclerc Center, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-380-39-32-26
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Mentese A, Alemdar NT, Livaoglu A, Ayazoglu Demir E, Aliyazicioglu Y, Demir S. Suppression of cisplatin-induced ovarian injury in rats by chrysin: an experimental study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:3584-3590. [PMID: 36193760 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of chrysin (CHS) against ovotoxicity caused by intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin (CDDP) in rats. In this experimental study, 24 female rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, CHS (2 mg/kg), CDDP (5 mg/kg) and CDDP (5 mg/kg) + CHS (2 mg/kg). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined in the ovarian tissues using spectrophotometric methods. In addition, the ovarian samples were evaluated histopathologically by hematoxylin&eosin staining. The results revealed that the levels of MDA, TOS, IL-6 and MPO significantly increased by CDDP administration compared with control group (p < 0.05). Also, it was found that CDDP significantly decreased TAS and SOD levels (p < 0.05). CHS ameliorated CDDP-induced the increased levels of MDA, TOS, IL-6, MPO and increased the levels of TAS and SOD significantly (p < 0.05). Histological findings also supported the therapeutic effect of CHS against CDDP-induced ovarian damage parameters. In conclusion, our results showed that CHS exhibits a therapeutic effect against CDDP-induced ovotoxicity and therefore the use of CHS after chemotherapy may improve the side effets of CDDP. IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known about this subject? Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective and widely used chemotherapeutic agent to treat various malignancies, but its therapeutic use is limited due to dose-related tissue toxicity. Chrysin (CHS), a natural flavone, exhibits various beneficial activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. There are increasing evidences in the literature that CHS reduces the toxicity of various chemotherapeutic agents, such as CDDP, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, in colon, kidney and liver tissues through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.What do the results of this study add? This study demonstrated that CHS can abolish CDDP-induced in vivo ovarian injury by decreasing MDA, TOS, IL-6 and MPO levels and increasing SOD and TAS levels through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study revealed the therapeutic potential of CHS against CDDP-induced acute ovotoxicity, for the first time. Further pre-clinical studies are necessary to prove the beneficial effect of CHS on the prevention of CDDP-induced ovarian toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.,Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ayten Livaoglu
- Department of Pathology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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The Role of Natural Products as Inhibitors of JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Treatment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7838583. [PMID: 36193062 PMCID: PMC9526628 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7838583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The permeability of glioblastoma, as well as its escaping the immune system, makes them one of the most deadly human malignancies. By avoiding programmed cell death (apoptosis), unlimited cell growth and metastatic ability could dramatically affect the immune system. Genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and overexpression of oncogenes can cause this process. On the other hand, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and intratumor heterogeneity are important factors causing resistance to therapy. Several signaling pathways have been identified in this field, including the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) converter and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activator pathways, which are closely related. In addition, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway contributes to a wide array of tumorigenesis functions, including replication, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune suppression. Introducing this pathway as the main tumorigenesis and treatment resistance center can give a better understanding of how it operates. In light of this, it is an important goal in treating many disorders, particularly cancer. The inhibition of this signaling pathway is being considered an approach to the treatment of glioblastoma. The use of natural products alternatively to conventional therapies is another area of research interest among researchers. Some natural products that originate from plants or natural sources can interfere with JAK/STAT signaling in human malignant cells, also by stopping the progression and phosphorylation of JAK/STAT, inducing apoptosis, and stopping the cell cycle. Natural products are a viable alternative to conventional chemotherapy because of their cost-effectiveness, wide availability, and almost no side effects.
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Lima APB, Melo AS, Ferreira GM, da Silva GN. Chrysin inhibits the cell viability, induces apoptosis and modulates expression of genes related to epigenetic events in bladder cancer cells. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1877-1881. [PMID: 36093567 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of the chrysin (natural flavonoid compound) on bladder tumour cell lines with different status of TP53 (RT4, 5637 and T24). The cells were treated with different concentrations of chrysin (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µM) to analyze the cell viability, nuclear division index, mutagenicity, apoptosis rates and expression of genes related to epigenetic events (DNMT1, HAT1 and HDAC1). Results showed that the treatment with chrysin reduced the cell viability and caused apoptosis, regardless TP53. Moreover, in the TP53-mutated cell lines, chrysin modulated the expression of the DNMT1, HAT1 and HDAC1 epigenetic genes, which might be a plus to the death observed in the cells with p53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Braga Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - André Sacramento Melo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Monteze Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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Xie B, Yang J, Zhang J. Chrysin sensitizes osteosarcoma cells against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1825-1833. [PMID: 35979647 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel curative and preventive approaches that can specifically target the osteosarcoma cells (OS) without affecting the normal cells is appreciable. The aim of this study is to investigate the combined effect of chrysin as an apigenin analog with high therapeutic potential and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on the treatment of Saos-2 and MG-63 cells. Cell viability were determined using MTT method. The rate of apoptosis was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) cell death assay and caspase 8 activity assays. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein evaluation of candidate genes include Bcl-2, XIAP, c-IAP1, c-IAP2, and c-FLIP were accomplished before and after the treatment by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. Our results showed that chrysin synergistically increased the cytotoxic effects of TRAIL as follows: Chrysin plus TRAIL > TRAIL > Chrysin. Chrysin could sensitize both cells against the TRAIL-induced apoptosis, amplify the caspase 8 activity and this outcome is achieved by decreasing the expression levels of antiapoptotic genes. Our findings suggest that Chrysin can sensitize the OS cell lines against TRAIL through induction of the death receptor pathway. Moreover, the combinational therapy of these agents might be the promising therapeutic regimen for improving the clinical efficacy of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Yan'an Peoples's Hospital, Yan'an, China
| | - JunQi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China
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Fu L, Mou J, Deng Y, Ren X, Qiu S. Design, Synthesis, and Activity Assays of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 Inhibitors With Flavone Scaffolds. Front Chem 2022; 10:940427. [PMID: 36003621 PMCID: PMC9393241 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.940427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) plays an indispensable role in the whole cell cycle. It has become a new target for cancer therapy. According to the binding mode of a pan-CDK inhibitor, flavopiridol with CDK1, and our previous work, a new series of flavone derivatives were discovered. Among them, compound 2a showed the best CDK1 inhibitory and anti-proliferative potencies in the in vitro activity investigation. The IC50 of 2a against CDK1 was 36.42 ± 1.12 μM vs. 11.49 μM ± 0.56 of flavopiridol. In the anti-proliferation activity assays, 2a exhibited better activity toward RAW264.7 than MCF-7 cells. The results indicated that flavone derivatives, besides inhibiting the growth of tumor cells, can also antagonize inflammatory response. Molecular docking results showed that conformation of 2a can form hydrogen bonds and various hydrophobic interactions with the key amino acid residues of CDK1. It can be used as a promising lead compound for CDK1 inhibitor development.
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhou H, Du Z. Anticancer effects of natural phytochemicals in anaplastic thyroid cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 48:156. [PMID: 35856443 PMCID: PMC9471558 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive and lethal malignancy having a dismal prognosis. Phytochemicals are bioactive components obtained from plants that have been proven useful to treat numerous diseases. Phytochemicals are also an important source of novel anticancer drugs and an important area of research due to the numerous available candidates that can potentially treat cancers. This review discusses naturally occurring phytochemicals and their derivatives that show promising anticancer effects in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Anticancer effects include cell growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis, promoting cell cycle arrest, suppressing angiogenesis, modulating autophagy, and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Phytochemicals are not only prospective candidates in the therapy of anaplastic thyroid cancer but also exhibit potential as adjuvants to improve the anticancer effects of other drugs. Although some phytochemicals have excellent anticancer properties, drug resistance observed during the use of resveratrol and artemisinin in different anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines is still a problem. Anaplastic thyroid cancer cells have several biological, clinical, and drug-resistance features that differ from differentiated thyroid cancer cells. Phytochemicals such as resveratrol and quercetin exhibit different biological effects in anaplastic thyroid cancer and differentiated thyroid cancer. Tumor cells depend on increased aerobic glycolysis by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to provide energy for their rapid growth, invasiveness, and drug resistance. Phytochemicals can alter signaling cascades, modulate the metabolic properties of cancer cells, and influence the mitochondrial membrane potential of anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. These findings enrich our knowledge of the anticancer effects of phytochemicals and highlight alternative therapies to prevent drug resistance in anaplastic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Li
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Du
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
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Esmeeta A, Adhikary S, Dharshnaa V, Swarnamughi P, Ummul Maqsummiya Z, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Plant-derived bioactive compounds in colon cancer treatment: An updated review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113384. [PMID: 35820317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third most predominant cancer caused by genetic, environmental and nutritional factors. Plant-based compounds are very well known to regress colon cancer in many ways, like delaying tumor growth, managing chemotherapy and radiation therapy side-effects, and working at the molecular levels. Medicinal plants contain many bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenol compounds, caffeic acid, catechins, saponins, polysaccharides, triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and luteolin glycosides, carnosic acid, oleanolic acid, rosmarinic acid, emodin, and eugenol and anthricin. These bioactive compounds can reduce tumor cell proliferation via several mechanisms, such as blocking cell cycle checkpoints and promoting apoptosis through activating initiator and executioner caspase. Traditional medicines have been used globally to treat cancers because of their anti-cancer effects, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory properties, anti-mutagenic effects, and anti-angiogenic effects. In addition, these medicines effectively suppress early and intermediate stages of carcinogenesis when administered in their active and pure form. However, traditional medicine is not very popular due to some critical challenges. These include poor solubility and absorption of these compounds, intellectual property-related issues, involvement of drug synergism, absence of drug-likeness, and unsure protocols for their extraction from the plant source. Using bioactive compounds in colon cancer has equal advantages and limitations. This review highlights the benefits and challenges of using bioactive compounds derived from plants for colon cancer. We have also discussed using these compounds to target cancer stem cell self-renewal, its effects on cancer cell metabolism, safety parameters, easy modulation, and their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Esmeeta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Subhamay Adhikary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - V Dharshnaa
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - P Swarnamughi
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Z Ummul Maqsummiya
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
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Pouremamali F, Pouremamali A, Dadashpour M, Soozangar N, Jeddi F. An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:100. [PMID: 35773670 PMCID: PMC9245222 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein is a basic-region leucine zipper transcription factor that defends against endogenous or exogenous stressors. By inducing several cytoprotective and detoxifying gene expressions, Nrf2 can increase the sensitivity of the cells to oxidants and electrophiles. Transient Nrf2 activation, by its specific activators, has protective roles against carcinogenesis and cancer development. However, permanent activation of Nrf2 promotes various cancer properties, comprising malignant progression, chemo/radio resistance, and poor patient prognosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that reaching an optimal balance between paradoxical functions of Nrf2 in malignancy may render a selective improvement to identify therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. In this review, we describe lately discovered Nrf2 inducers and inhibitors, and their chemopreventive and/or anticancer activities. The Nrf2 pathway signifies one of the most significant cell defense procedures against exogenous or endogenous stressors. Certainly, by increasing the expression of several cytoprotective genes, the transcription factor Nrf2 can shelter cells and tissues from multiple sources of damage including electrophilic, xenobiotic, metabolic, and oxidative stress. Notably, the aberrant activation or accumulation of Nrf2, a common event in many tumors, confers a selective advantage to cancer cells and is connected to malignant progression, therapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Therefore, lately, Nrf2 has arisen as a hopeful target in treatment of cancer, and many struggles have been made to detect therapeutic strategies intended at disrupting its pro-oncogenic role. By summarizing the outcomes from past and recent studies, this review provided an overview concerning the Nrf2 pathway and the molecular mechanisms causing Nrf2 hyperactivation in cancer cells. Finally, this paper also described some of the most promising therapeutic approaches that have been successfully employed to counteract Nrf2 activity in tumors, with a particular emphasis on the development of natural compounds and the adoption of drug repurposing strategies. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pouremamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Narges Soozangar
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. .,Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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An Insight into Anticancer Effect of Propolis and Its Constituents: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5901191. [PMID: 35754701 PMCID: PMC9232326 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5901191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a natural compound collected by honeybees from different parts of plants. Honeybees produce a sticky component besides honey by mixing the tree resin and other botanical sources with saliva called propolis or bee glue. Propolis was traditionally used as a wound healing substance, cosmetic, medicine, and many other conditions. Till now, there is no definite curable treatment for most cancers and chemotherapeutic drugs and drugs used for targeted therapies have serious side effects. According to a recent research, natural products are becoming increasingly essential in cancer prevention. Natural products are a great source of potential therapeutic agents, especially in the treatment of cancer. Previous studies have reported that the presence of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), artepillin C, and chrysin is responsible for the anticancer potential of propolis. Most of the previous studies suggested that propolis and its active compounds inhibit cancer progression by targeting multiple signaling pathways including phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling molecules, and induce cell cycle arrest. Induction of apoptosis by propolis is mediated through extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. The aim of this review is to highlight and summarize the molecular targets and anticancer potential of propolis and its active compounds on cell survival, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Preparation and Recognition Properties of Molecularly Imprinted Nanofiber Membrane of Chrysin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122398. [PMID: 35745975 PMCID: PMC9229621 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The separation and extraction of chrysin from active ingredients of natural products are of great significance, but the existing separation and extraction methods have certain drawbacks. Here, chrysin molecularly imprinted nanofiber membranes (MINMs) were prepared by means of electrospinning using chrysin as a template and polyvinyl alcohol and natural renewable resource rosin ester as membrane materials, which were used for the separation of active components in the natural product. The MINM was examined using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption performance, adsorption kinetics, adsorption selectivity, and reusability of the MINM were investigated in static adsorption experiments. The analysis results show that the MINM was successfully prepared with good morphology and thermal stability. The MINM has a good adsorption capacity for chrysin, showing fast adsorption kinetics, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 127.5 mg·g−1, conforming to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In addition, the MINM exhibited good selectivity and excellent reusability. Therefore, the MINM proposed in this paper is a promising material for the adsorption and separation of chrysin.
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Co-Application of Statin and Flavonoids as an Effective Strategy to Reduce the Activity of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels Kv1.3 and Induce Apoptosis in Human Leukemic T Cell Line Jurkat. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103227. [PMID: 35630703 PMCID: PMC9145895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels of the Kv1.3 type are considered a potential new molecular target in several pathologies, including some cancer disorders and COVID-19. Lipophilic non-toxic organic inhibitors of Kv1.3 channels, such as statins and flavonoids, may have clinical applications in supporting the therapy of some cancer diseases, such as breast, pancreas, and lung cancer; melanoma; or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This study focuses on the influence of the co-application of statins-simvastatin (SIM) or mevastatin (MEV)-with flavonoids 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), 6-prenylnarigenin (6-PN), xanthohumol (XANT), acacetin (ACAC), or chrysin on the activity of Kv1.3 channels, viability, and the apoptosis of cancer cells in the human T cell line Jurkat. We showed that the inhibitory effect of co-application of the statins with flavonoids was significantly more potent than the effects exerted by each compound applied alone. Combinations of simvastatin with chrysin, as well as mevastatin with 8-prenylnaringenin, seem to be the most promising. We also found that these results correlate with an increased ability of the statin-flavonoid combination to reduce viability and induce apoptosis in cancer cells compared to single compounds. Our findings suggest that the co-application of statins and flavonoids at low concentrations may increase the effectiveness and safety of cancer therapy. Thus, the simultaneous application of statins and flavonoids may be a new and promising anticancer strategy.
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Jangid A, Solanki R, Patel S, Medicherla K, Pooja D, Kulhari H. Improving Anticancer Activity of Chrysin using Tumor Microenvironment pH-Responsive and Self-Assembled Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15919-15928. [PMID: 35571829 PMCID: PMC9096951 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chrysin is a natural bioactive compound with potential biological activities. However, unfavorable physicochemical properties of native chrysin make it difficult to achieve good therapeutic efficacies. In this study, poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG4000)-conjugated chrysin nanoparticles were prepared. The PEG4000 was conjugated to chrysin through cis-aconityl and succinoyl linkers to achieve tumor microenvironment-specific drug release from PEGylated nanoparticles. The conjugation of PEG and chrysin via succinoyl (PCNP-1) and cis-aconityl (PCNP-2) linkers was confirmed by the 1H NMR and FTIR analysis. The nanoparticles were characterized by DLS, TEM, XRD, and DSC analysis. Comparatively, PCNP-2 showed a better drug release profile and higher anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells than chrysin or PCNP-1. The apoptosis studies and colony formation inhibition assay revealed that the PCNP-2 induced more apoptosis and more greatly controlled the growth of human breast cancer cells than pure chrysin. Thus, the use of PCNPs may help to overcome the issues of chrysin and could be a better therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok
Kumar Jangid
- School
of Nano Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Central University
of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Raghu Solanki
- School
of Nano Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Central University
of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Sunita Patel
- School
of Nano Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Central University
of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Kanakaraju Medicherla
- Department
of Human Genetics, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India
| | - Deep Pooja
- School
of Pharmacy, National Forensic Sciences
University, Sector 9, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School
of Nano Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Central University
of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
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Luteolin Causes 5'CpG Demethylation of the Promoters of TSGs and Modulates the Aberrant Histone Modifications, Restoring the Expression of TSGs in Human Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074067. [PMID: 35409426 PMCID: PMC8999529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is linked to abnormal epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Since epigenetic alterations, unlike genetic changes, are heritable and reversible, they have been considered as interesting targets for cancer prevention and therapy by dietary compounds such as luteolin. In this study, epigenetic modulatory behaviour of luteolin was analysed on HeLa cells. Various assays including colony forming and migration assays, followed by biochemical assays of epigenetic enzymes including DNA methyltransferase, histone methyl transferase, histone acetyl transferase, and histone deacetylases assays were performed. Furthermore, global DNA methylation and methylation-specific PCR for examining the methylation status of CpG promoters of various tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and the expression of these TSGs at transcript and protein level were performed. It was observed that luteolin inhibited migration and colony formation in HeLa cells. It also modulated DNA methylation at promoters of TSGs and the enzymatic activity of DNMT, HDAC, HMT, and HAT and reduced the global DNA methylation. Decrease in methylation resulted in the reactivation of silenced tumour suppressor genes including FHIT, DAPK1, PTEN, CDH1, SOCS1, TIMPS, VHL, TP53, TP73, etc. Hence, luteolin-targeted epigenetic alterations provide a promising approach for cancer prevention and intervention.
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Soliman MM, Aldhahrani A, Ghamry HI, Albogami S, Youssef GBA, Kesba H, Shukry M. Chrysin abrogates gibberellic acid-induced testicular oxidative stress and dysfunction via the regulation of antioxidants and steroidogenesis- and apoptosis-associated genes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14165. [PMID: 35383962 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
GA3 is widely used as a growth stimulant in agricultural regions. The long-term use of GA3 can cause organs damage. Chrysin is a flavonoid found in nature that is commonly used to treat organ toxicity. In this study, we examined the effect of chrysin on the testes function of GA3-affected rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Saline was given to the control group. The chrysin group was given orally 50 mg/kg/BW of chrysin in saline. The GA3 group received a daily oral gavage of GA3 (55 mg/kg/BW). The protective group (chrysin + GA3) was given chrysin and GA3 as those described in chrysin and GA3 groups. There were an increase in MDA levels in the serum and testicular tissue of GA3-treated group. Catalase, GSH, and SOD levels were all lowered in the GA3-treated rats. Chrysin dramatically reduced the harmful effects of GA3 by restoring reproductive hormone levels, altered sperm parameters, and antioxidant capabilities. Furthermore, GA3 reduced the quantitative expression of steroidogenesis genes StAR and 3-HSD, as well as Bcl2 genes, while it increased the apoptotic marker BAX; all were alleviated by the pre-administration of chrysin. The pre-administration of chrysin protected the GA3 group from spermatogenic vacuolation, interstitial edema, necrosis, and depletion. Chrysin inhibited oxidative stress and modulated antioxidant activity, as well as apoptosis-/anti-apoptosis-related mediators in the testes. Chrysin has the potential to repair GA3-induced testicular dysfunctions. This suggests that chrysin is preferable as a medication to mitigate GA3-induced oxidative damage in the testes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chrysin has the potential to repair GA3-induced testicular dysfunctions. This suggests that chrysin is preferable as a medication to mitigate GA3-induced oxidative damage in the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba I Ghamry
- Department of Home Economics, College of Home Economics, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehan B A Youssef
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hosny Kesba
- Zoology and Agricultural Nematology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Liu Y, Song X, Li C, Hu H, Li W, Wang L, Hu J, Liao C, Liang H, He Z, Ye L. Chrysin Ameliorates Influenza Virus Infection in the Upper Airways by Repressing Virus-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:872958. [PMID: 35432374 PMCID: PMC9009290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.872958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysin has been proven to possess antiviral properties, but the precise underlying anti-influenza mechanism and its anti-influenza efficacy in vivo are largely unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of chrysin in the blockade of cell cycle and apoptosis in distinct cell lines subjected to two H1N1 influenza A virus (IAV) strains, as well as its anti-IAV activity in vivo. Here, we found an early unidentified finding that chrysin strongly impeded IAV replication through a mechanism that was autonomous of innate antiviral immune activation and viral protein interaction. Surprisingly, chrysin can suppress IAV-induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase by downregulating the expression levels of P53 and P21 while promoting Cyclin D1/CDK4 and Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation. Furthermore, chrysin dramatically inhibited the IAV-triggered mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by altering the balance of Bax/Bcl-xl and reducing caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. Accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction may contribute to the inhibitory role of chrysin in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following IAV infection. Notably, chrysin preferably inhibited IAV replication in the upper respiratory tract, indicating that it might be a promising drug for restraining the spread of respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanlin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenghui Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanbai Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhendan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Ye, ; Zhendan He,
| | - Liang Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Ye, ; Zhendan He,
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Phyllanthus muellerianus and Ficus exasperata exhibit anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells by modulating calcium influx and activating caspases. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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43
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Natural Compounds Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts against Digestive System Tumor Progression: Therapeutic Insights. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030713. [PMID: 35327514 PMCID: PMC8945097 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are critical for cancer occurrence and progression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), due to their versatile roles in extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor–stroma crosstalk, immunomodulation, and angiogenesis. CAFs are the most abundant stromal component in the TME and undergo epigenetic modification and abnormal signaling cascade activation, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and Wnt pathways that maintain the distinct phenotype of CAFs, which differs from normal fibroblasts. CAFs have been considered therapeutic targets due to their putative oncogenic functions. Current digestive system cancer treatment strategies often result in lower survival outcomes and fail to prevent cancer progression; therefore, comprehensive characterization of the tumor-promoting and -restraining CAF activities might facilitate the design of new therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the enormous literature on natural compounds that mediate the crosstalk of CAFs with digestive system cancer cells, discuss how the biology and the multifaceted functions of CAFs contribute to cancer progression, and finally, pave the way for CAF-related antitumor therapies.
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Abou Baker DH. An ethnopharmacological review on the therapeutical properties of flavonoids and their mechanisms of actions: A comprehensive review based on up to date knowledge. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:445-469. [PMID: 35340621 PMCID: PMC8943219 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids -a class of low molecular weight secondary metabolites- are ubiquitous and cornucopia throughout the plant kingdom. Structurally, the main structure consists of C6-C3-C6 rings with different substitution patterns so that many sub-classes are obtained, for example: flavonols, flavonolignans, flavonoid glycosides, flavans, anthocyanidins, aurones, anthocyanidins, flavones, neoflavonoids, chalcones, isoflavones, flavones and flavanones. Flavonoids are evaluated to have drug like nature since they possess different therapeutic activities, and can act as cardioprotective, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and also work against Alzheimer's disease and others. However, information on the relationship between their structure and biological activity is scarce. Therefore, the present review tries to summarize all the therapeutic activities of flavonoids, their mechanisms of action and the structure activity relationship. Latest updated ethnopharmacological review of the therapeutic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are attracting attention because of their therapeutic properties. Flavonoids are valuable candidates for drug development against many dangerous diseases. This overview summarizes the most important therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of flavonoids. General knowledge about the structure activity relationship of flavonoids is summarized. Substitution of chemical groups in the structure of flavonoids can significantly change their biological and chemical properties. The chemical properties of the basic flavonoid structure should be considered in a drug-based structural program.
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The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Human Cancers and the Use of Natural Compounds as Epidrugs: Mechanistic Pathways and Pharmacodynamic Actions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030367. [PMID: 35327559 PMCID: PMC8945214 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease resulting from the genetic and epigenetic disruption of normal cells. The mechanistic understanding of the pathways involved in tumor transformation has implicated a priori predominance of epigenetic perturbations and a posteriori genetic instability. In this work, we aimed to explain the mechanistic involvement of epigenetic pathways in the cancer process, as well as the abilities of natural bioactive compounds isolated from medicinal plants (flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and ketones) to specifically target the epigenome of tumor cells. The molecular events leading to transformation, angiogenesis, and dissemination are often complex, stochastic, and take turns. On the other hand, the decisive advances in genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have allowed, in recent years, for the mechanistic decryption of the molecular pathways of the cancerization process. This could explain the possibility of specifically targeting this or that mechanism leading to cancerization. With the plasticity and flexibility of epigenetic modifications, some studies have started the pharmacological screening of natural substances against different epigenetic pathways (DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone methylation, and chromatin remodeling) to restore the cellular memory lost during tumor transformation. These substances can inhibit DNMTs, modify chromatin remodeling, and adjust histone modifications in favor of pre-established cell identity by the differentiation program. Epidrugs are molecules that target the epigenome program and can therefore restore cell memory in cancerous diseases. Natural products isolated from medicinal plants such as flavonoids and phenolic acids have shown their ability to exhibit several actions on epigenetic modifiers, such as the inhibition of DNMT, HMT, and HAT. The mechanisms of these substances are specific and pleiotropic and can sometimes be stochastic, and their use as anticancer epidrugs is currently a remarkable avenue in the fight against human cancers.
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Raina R, Almutary AG, Bagabir SA, Afroze N, Fagoonee S, Haque S, Hussain A. Chrysin Modulates Aberrant Epigenetic Variations and Hampers Migratory Behavior of Human Cervical (HeLa) Cells. Front Genet 2022; 12:768130. [PMID: 35096000 PMCID: PMC8790538 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.768130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Plant-derived phytochemicals have shown epigenetic modulatory effect in different types of cancer by reversing the pattern of DNA methylation and chromatin modulation, thereby restoring the function of silenced tumor-suppressor genes. In the present study, attempts have been made to explore chrysin-mediated epigenetic alterations in HeLa cells. Methods: Colony formation and migration assays followed by methylation-specific PCR for examining the methylation status of CpG promoters of various tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) and the expression of these TSGs at the transcript and protein levels were performed. Furthermore, global DNA methylation; biochemical activities of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), histone methyl transferases (HMTs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), and histone acetyl transferases (HATs) along with the expression analysis of chromatin-modifying enzymes; and H3 and H4 histone modification marks analyses were performed after chrysin treatment. Results: The experimental analyses revealed that chrysin treatment encourages cytostatic behavior as well as inhibits the migration capacity of HeLa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Chrysin reduces the methylation of various tumor-suppressor genes, leading to their reactivation at mRNA and protein levels. The expression levels of various chromatin-modifying enzymes viz DNMTs, HMTs, HDACs, and HATS were found to be decreased, and H3 and H4 histone modification marks were modulated too. Also, reduced global DNA methylation was observed following the treatment of chrysin. Conclusion: This study concludes that chrysin can be used as a potential epigenetic modifier for cancer treatment and warrants for further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sali Abubaker Bagabir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Liu Z, Pan R, Li W, Li Y. Comprehensive Analysis of Cell Cycle-Related Genes in Patients With Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:796795. [PMID: 35087757 PMCID: PMC8787043 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.796795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify critical cell cycle-related genes (CCRGs) in prostate cancer (PRAD) and to evaluate the clinical prognostic value of the gene panel selected. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) of dysregulated genes between PRAD and normal tissues demonstrated that the cell cycle-related pathways played vital roles in PRAD. Patients were classified into four clusters, which were associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Moreover, 200 prognostic-related genes were selected using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis and univariable Cox regression. The prognostic CCRG risk score was constructed using random forest survival and multivariate regression Cox methods, and their efficiency was validated in Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and GSE70770. We identified nine survival-related genes: CCNL2, CDCA5, KAT2A, CHTF18, SPC24, EME2, CDK5RAP3, CDC20, and PTTG1. Based on the median risk score, the patients were divided into two groups. Then the functional enrichment analyses, mutational profiles, immune components, estimated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), and candidate drugs were screened of these two groups. In addition, the characteristics of nine hub CCRGs were explored in Oncomine, cBioPortal, and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) datasets. Finally, the expression profiles of these hub CCRGs were validated in RWPE-1 and three PRAD cell lines (PC-3, C4-2, and DU-145). In conclusion, our study systematically explored the role of CCRGs in PRAD and constructed a risk model that can predict the clinical prognosis and immunotherapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongfang Pan
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxian Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjiang Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Nikhat S, Fazil M. History, phytochemistry, experimental pharmacology and clinical uses of honey: A comprehensive review with special reference to Unani medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114614. [PMID: 34508800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Honey is one of the most popular functional foods, speculated to be in use since the advent of human civilization. Its health-protective activity is endorsed by many religions and traditional medicines. In Unani medicine, honey is prescribed for many health conditions as wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, etc. In the present era, honey is gaining popularity over sugar for its myriad health benefits and low glycemic index. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the biological activities and potential therapeutic uses of honey, with scientific evidence. METHODOLOGY In this paper, we have provided a comprehensive overview of historical uses, types, physical characteristics, bioactive constituents and pharmacological activities of honey. The information was gathered from Classical Unani textbooks and leading scientific databases. There is a plethora of information regarding various therapeutic activities of honey, and it is daunting to draw practical conclusions. Hence, in this paper, we have tried to summarize those aspects which are most relevant to clinical application. OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Many important bioactive constituents are identified in different honey types, e.g. phenolics, proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, organic acids, etc., which exert important biological activities like anti-microbial, wound healing, immunomodulatory, anti-toxin, antioxidant, and many others. Honey has the potential to alleviate many lifestyle disorders, mitigate the adverse effects of drugs and toxins, and also provide healthy nutrition. Although conclusive clinical evidence is not available, yet honey may potentially be a safer alternative to sucrose for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nikhat
- Dept. of Ilaj bit Tadbeer, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mohammad Fazil
- HAK Institute for Literary and Historical Research in Unani Medicine, CCRUM, Jamia Millia Islamia Campus, New Delhi, India.
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Borase HP, Borkar MR, Chaturvedi KK, Kar Mahapatra D, Chalikwar SS, Dangre PV. Design and evaluation of natural deep eutectic solvents system for chrysin to elicit its solubility, stability, and bioactivity. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Rong W, Wan N, Zheng X, Shi G, Jiang C, Pan K, Gao M, Yin Z, Gao ZJ, Zhang J. Chrysin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression through suppressing programmed death ligand 1 expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153867. [PMID: 34923234 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The aberrant PD-L1 expression on cancer cells was confirmed to participate in immune evasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies had documented that there were anti-tumorigenic effects of chrysin on HCC. However, whether chrysin can act on the over-expressed PD-L1 on HCC cells to exert the therapeutic effectiveness and the involved mechanisms has not yet been deciphered. PURPOSE Herein, we aimed to explore the regulatory effects of chrysin on the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint and investigate its possible mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. METHODS H22 xenograft mouse model was used to investigate the effects of chrysin on tumor growth and PD-L1 expression in tumors. In interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-induced HepG2 cells, the cytotoxicity of chrysin was detected by MTT assay. Flow cytometry, ELISA and RT-PCR were carried out to evaluate the expression of PD-L1, and the expression of proteins in STAT3 and NF-κB pathways was also determined by Western blot. In HepG2 cells and Jurkat T cell co-culture system, ELISA kit was used to detect the level of IL-2, and T cell proliferation was further evaluated by CCK-8 method. RESULTS Our data suggested that chrysin could effectively inhibit the progression of tumor, and promote the anti-tumor immunity of mice concomitant with enhanced CD4/CD8-positive T cell proportion in tumor tissues of H22 xenograft mouse model. Additionally, chrysin significantly down-regulated the expression of PD-L1 in vivo and in vitro, which was closely associated with the blockage of STAT3 and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, in the co-culture system, chrysin could increase the proliferation of T cells and the concentration of IL-2. CONCLUSION These results indicate that chrysin may have the potential to be an immune checkpoint inhibitor for preventive or as an adjunctive curative agent for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211200, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Nanyan Wan
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xian Zheng
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Gaofeng Shi
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ze-Jun Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
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