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Ndou DL, Mtolo BP, Khwathisi A, Ndhlala AR, Tavengwa NT, Madala NE. Development of the Pipette-Tip Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction for Extraction of Rutin From Moringa oleifera Lam. Using Activated Hollow Carbon Nanospheres as Sorbents. Int J Anal Chem 2024; 2024:2681595. [PMID: 39371109 PMCID: PMC11452233 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2681595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, a micro-solid-phase extraction (μSPE) method was developed using a pipette tip for rutin extraction, employing activated hollow carbon nanospheres (HCNSs) as the sorbent. Characterization of the activated carbon nanospheres through TGA, FTIR, and SEM analysis confirmed the success of the activation process. The study demonstrated the efficacy of PT-μSPE in rutin extraction under pH 2 conditions with a standard concentration of 2 mg·L-1. The optimal mass of HCNSs was found to be 2 mg, and a loading volume of 500 μL resulted in the maximum recovery of rutin. Propan-2-ol was the best elution solvent with 15 aspirating/dispensing cycles. The correlation of determination (R 2) for the calibration curve was found to be 0.9991, and the LOD and LOQ values were 0.604 and 1.830 mg·L-1, respectively. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by extracting rutin from a complex Moringa oleifera leaf extract with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.26%, thereby validating this method as feasible for the extraction of useful bioactive compounds from complex plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakalo Lorraine Ndou
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceEngineering and AgricultureUniversity of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Bonakele Patricia Mtolo
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong MaterialsSchool of ChemistryUniversity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Adivhaho Khwathisi
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceEngineering and AgricultureUniversity of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ashwell Rungano Ndhlala
- Green Biotechnologies Research CentreDepartment of Plant ProductionSoil Science and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Nikita Tawanda Tavengwa
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceEngineering and AgricultureUniversity of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceEngineering and AgricultureUniversity of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
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Hamad AA, Saleh SF, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Hamd MAE. Facile Integration of Hanztsch's Switch-Off/On Modeled Fluorogenic Probe for Feasible Tagging and Tracking of the Midodrine Drug in Different Matrices; First Evaluation of the Method's Greenness, Whiteness, Blueness, Quantum Yield, and Tablets' Content Homogeneity. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03839-x. [PMID: 39102112 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The proposed investigation follows a certain methodology to guarantee that the procedure employed is sustainable and green. It is noteworthy to mention that various tools have been implemented as potential indicators of environmental sustainability (greenness and whiteness). From a novelty viewpoint, a new tool, BAGI, for the method's blueness evaluation was applied to the planned method and showed a high applicability score. Fortunately, the WAC concept, which combines ecological and functional variables using the Green/Red/Blue design (RBG 12 tool), identifies the established analytical approach as white. In the planned study, a new, green, simple, nano-trace-sensitive, original fluorimetric methodology was established to analyze and assess midodrine hydrochloride content in different matrices. Midodrine's primary amine moiety reacts with Diacetylmethane/Oxymethylene reagent in an acetate buffer, which leads to generating a fluorescent dihydrolutidine derivative (Hantzsch-named reaction). Consequently, the signal strength of this compound was quantified at 487 nm, with an excitation wavelength of 426 nm. This analysis indicated that the technique exhibited linearity within the range of 0.05 to 1.1 µg mL-1 concentrations, accompanied by remarkably good sensitivity values (LOD and LOQ). The methodology employed in this examination was subjected to validation following the rules recognized by ICH. From the perspective of pharmacy and chemistry, the method presented in this study was successfully employed to analyze commercially available tablets, oral drops, and human fluids. The outcomes obtained demonstrated satisfactory recovery rates without any interference from excipients. Following the USP recommendations, the intended technique was finally implemented to explore the content homogeneity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdulhafez Hamad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Safaa F Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
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3
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Piergiovanni M, Gosetti F, Rocío-Bautista P, Termopoli V. Aroma determination in alcoholic beverages: Green MS-based sample preparation approaches. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:660-682. [PMID: 35980114 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aroma determination in alcoholic beverages has become a hot research topic due to the ongoing effort to obtain quality products, especially in a globalized market. Consumer satisfaction is mainly achieved by balancing several aroma compounds, which are mixtures of numerous volatile molecules enclosed in challenging matrices. Thus, sample preparation strategies for quality control and product development are required. They involve several steps including copious amounts of hazardous solvents or time-consuming procedures. This is bucking the trend of the ever-increasing pressure to reduce the environmental impact of analytical chemistry processes. Hence, the evolution of sample preparation procedures has directed towards miniaturized techniques to decrease or avoid the use of hazardous solvents and integrating sampling, extraction, and enrichment of the targeted analytes in fewer steps. Mass spectrometry coupled to gas or liquid chromatography is particularly well suited to address the complexity of these matrices. This review surveys advancements of green miniaturized techniques coupled to mass spectrometry applied on all categories of odor-active molecules in the most consumed alcoholic beverages: beer, wine, and spirits. The targeted literature consider progresses over the past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Piergiovanni
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Priscilla Rocío-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Veronica Termopoli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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Rosendo LM, Rosado T, Zandonai T, Rincon K, Peiró AM, Barroso M, Gallardo E. Opioid Monitoring in Clinical Settings: Strategies and Implications of Tailored Approaches for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5925. [PMID: 38892112 PMCID: PMC11173075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This review emphasises the importance of opioid monitoring in clinical practice and advocates for a personalised approach based on pharmacogenetics. Beyond effectively managing pain, meticulous oversight is required to address concerns about side effects, specially due to opioid-crisis-related abuse and dependence. Various monitoring techniques, along with pharmacogenetic considerations, are critical for personalising treatment and optimising pain relief while reducing misuse and addiction risks. Future perspectives reveal both opportunities and challenges, with advances in analytical technologies holding promise for increasing monitoring efficiency. The integration of pharmacogenetics has the potential to transform pain management by allowing for a precise prediction of drug responses. Nevertheless, challenges such as prominent pharmacogenetic testing and guideline standardisation persist. Collaborative efforts are critical for transforming scientific advances into tangible improvements in patient care. Standardised protocols and interdisciplinary collaboration are required to ensure consistent and evidence-based opioid monitoring. Future research should look into the long-term effects of opioid therapy, as well as the impact of genetic factors on individual responses, to help guide personalised treatment plans and reduce adverse events. Lastly, embracing innovation and collaboration can improve the standard of care in chronic pain management by striking a balance between pain relief and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M. Rosendo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, EM506, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rosado
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, EM506, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
- Centro Académico Clínico das Beiras (CACB), Grupo de Problemas Relacionados com Toxicofilias, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Thomas Zandonai
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (T.Z.); (K.R.); (A.M.P.)
- Addiction Science Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38060 Trento, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic Chemistry, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Karem Rincon
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (T.Z.); (K.R.); (A.M.P.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health of Alicante, University General Hospital Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana M. Peiró
- Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (T.Z.); (K.R.); (A.M.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Paediatrics and Organic Chemistry, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health of Alicante, University General Hospital Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Mário Barroso
- Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses-Delegação do Sul, 1169-201 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, EM506, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
- Centro Académico Clínico das Beiras (CACB), Grupo de Problemas Relacionados com Toxicofilias, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
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Amirian H, Dalvand K, Ghiasvand A. Seamless integration of Internet of Things, miniaturization, and environmental chemical surveillance. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:582. [PMID: 38806872 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
IoT is a game-changer across all fields, including chemistry. Embracing sustainable practices and green chemistry, the miniaturization and automation of systems, and their integration into IoT is key to achieving these principles, as a rising trend with momentum. Particularly, IoT and analytical chemistry are linked in the rapid exchange of analytical data for environmental, industrial, healthcare, and educational applications. Meanwhile, cooperation with other fields of science is evident, and there is a prompt and subjective analysis of information related to analytical systems and methodologies. This paper will review the concepts, requirements, and architecture of IoT and its role in the miniaturization and automation of analytical tools using electronic modules and sensors. The aim is to explore the standards and perspectives of IoT and its interaction with different aspects of analytical chemistry. Additionally, it aimed to explain the basics and applications of IoT for chemists, and its relevance to different subfields of analytical chemistry, particularly in the field of environmental chemical surveillance. The article also covers updating IoT devices and creating DIY-based degradation devices to enhance the educational aspect of chemistry and reduce barriers to lab facilities and equipment. Lastly, it will explore how IoT is really important and how it's going to significantly impact analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Amirian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Kolsoum Dalvand
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghiasvand
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
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6
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Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela H, Gionfriddo E. Evolution of Green Sample Preparation: Fostering a Sustainable Tomorrow in Analytical Sciences. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7840-7863. [PMID: 38687329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- H Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - E Gionfriddo
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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Abdulhafez Hamad A, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Soltan OM, Abdelrahman KS, Abdel-Aal MAA, Saad Al-Farhan B, Maslamani N, Saleh SF, El Hamd MA. Integration of a facile sustainable resonance Rayleigh scattering switchable-based system for feasible determination of centrophenoxine, a nootropic and antioxidant agent; application to crude materials and dosage forms. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124107. [PMID: 38452459 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The proposed research adheres to a certain methodology to ensure that the technique used for analyzing the centrophenoxine drug is sustainable and green. It is important to highlight that several tools that have been recently developed were utilized as potential indicators of environmental sustainability and applicability. The present research presents a novel and entirely innovative method utilizing ultrasensitive spectrofluorimetry for the detection of centrophenoxine (CPX) drug. The employed methodology in this study involved the utilization of one-step, one-pot, and direct spectrofluorimetric technique, which was found to be both efficient and environmentally sustainable in the validation and assessment of the drug. Simply, when CPX and erythrosine B reagent were combined in an acidic environment, the highly resonance Rayleigh scattering product was immediately produced. The sensitivity limits were observed to be within the range of 15-47 ng mL-1, whereas the linearity was assessed to be in the range of 50-2000 ng mL-1. The optimal settings for all modifiable parameters of the system were ascertained through an analysis of centrophenoxine-erythrosine B complexes. Moreover, the system demonstrated compliance with International Council for Harmonization (ICH) specifications without encountering any issues. The suggested process was then rated on different recent environmental safety measuring metrics to see how good it was for the environment. Fortunately, the WAC standards that combine ecological and functional elements utilizing the Green/Red/Blue (RGB 12) design also acclaimed the current analytical technique as a white one. Additionally, a new applicability evaluation tool (BAGI) was employed to estimate the practicability of the planned method in the analytical chemistry field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdulhafez Hamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Soltan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Kamal S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A A Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Badriah Saad Al-Farhan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Maslamani
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chemistry Division, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Safaa F Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
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Hindam FT, Eltanany BM, Abou Al Alamein AM, El Nashar RM, Arafa RM. A voltammetric method coupled with chemometrics for determination of a ternary antiparkinson mixture in its dosage form: greenness assessment. BMC Chem 2024; 18:90. [PMID: 38725000 PMCID: PMC11080133 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
An electroanalytical methodology was developed by direct differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) measurement of Levodopa (LD), Carbidopa (CD) and Entacapone (ENT) mixture using bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in Britton Robinson (BR) buffer (pH = 2.0). A multivariate calibration model was then applied to the exported preprocessed voltammetric data using partial least square (PLS) as a chemometric tool. Additionally, the model was cross-validated and the number of latent variables (LVs) were determined to produce a reliable model for simultaneous quantitation of the three drugs either in their synthetic mixtures or in their marketed pharmaceutical formulation with high accuracy and precision. Data preprocessing was used to tackle the problem of lacking bi-linearity which is commonly found in electrochemical data. The proposed chemometric model was able to provide fast and reliable technique for quantitative determination of antiparkinson drugs in their dosage forms. This was successfully achieved by utilizing sixteen mixtures as calibration set and nine mixtures as validation set. The percent recoveries for LD, CD and ENT were found to be 100.05% ± 1.28%, 100.04% ± 0.53% and 99.99% ± 1.25%, respectively. The obtained results of the proposed method were statistically compared to those of a previously reported High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) methodology. Finally, the presented analytical method strongly supports green analytical chemistry regarding the minimization of potentially dangerous chemicals and solvents, as well as reducing energy utilization and waste generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Basma M Eltanany
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal M Abou Al Alamein
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha M El Nashar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham M Arafa
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
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Noronha IFPC, Pinheiro FC, Nascentes CC. A new ultrasound-assisted microextraction for elemental impurities determination in tablets by ICP-MS according to USP chapters 232 and 233. Talanta 2024; 271:125604. [PMID: 38219318 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Along with the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) chapters 232 and 233 regarding elemental impurities in pharmaceutical products, new challenges have been imposed in terms of sample preparation procedures prior to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis, considering the matrix complexities. As so, a new microextraction procedure assisted by ultrasound using a cup-horn sonoreactor, minimal reactants, and sample was proposed and validated according to USP. The procedure was optimized with samples of milled tablets and 3 different acid mixtures (HNO3, 3HNO3:1HCl, and 9HNO3:1HF) and it was compared with microwave-assisted acid digestion. In the validation step, recoveries ranging from 85 to 120 % and RSD below 10 % were obtained for 22 analytes (except Ag and Pt) with satisfactory linearity and good sensitivity. The method was then applied for 37 samples of antidepressants, which presented trace levels of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Pd, Sn, and V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Forattini Prates C Noronha
- Department of Chemistry, ICEX, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C Pinheiro
- Department of Chemistry, ICEX, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Clésia C Nascentes
- Department of Chemistry, ICEX, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Alqarni AM, Haredy AM, Abdelrahman KS, Soltan OM, Abdel-Aal MAA, Alrofaidi MA, Aalamri A, Osman ME, Alamri AA, Hamad AA. Application of a white and green spectrofluorimetric approach for facile quantification of amlodipine, a hypotensive drug, in batch materials, dosage forms, and biological fluids; content homogeneity testing. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4661. [PMID: 38286594 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The suggested study adheres to a particular protocol to ensure that the process is environmentally friendly and sustainable. It is worth mentioning that several tools have been adopted as prospective measures of the method greenness. Fortunately, the established analytical method is identified as white by the white analytical chemistry (WAC) concept, which uses the red/ green/blue color scheme (RGB 12 tool) to combine ecological and functional factors for the first time in studying of the cited drug. Amlodipine (AMD), a cardiovascular treating agent, belongs to the dihydropyridine class of oral calcium channel-blocking agents. This article presents a novel, simple, green, one-pot-processed, fast, and ultrasensitive fluorimetric approach for monitoring and assessment of AMD using molecular-size-dependent fluorescence augmentation of the light scattering-driven signal of eosin, a biological stain at a wavelength of 415 nm. This enhancement was directly proportional to the size of the produced complex. The linearity range was from 30 to 900 ng mL-1 , with corresponding sensitivity limits (detection and quantitation levels) of 9.2 and 28 ng mL-1 , respectively. The planned approach was also successfully used to track AMD content in bulk, dosage forms, and bio-fluids (human plasma and urine). The developed method's eco-friendliness was established by different eco-rating metric tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmalik M Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Haredy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Merit University, New Sohag, Egypt
| | - Kamal S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama M Soltan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A A Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Alrofaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Aalamri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mhdia Elhadi Osman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy College, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Awadh Alamri
- Medical Services, Ministry of Interior-Security Forces Hospital in Najran, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdulhafez Hamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
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11
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He B, Feng J, Liu J, Zhong Q, Zhou T. Inline phase transition trapping-selective supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography: A green and efficient integrated method for determining prohibited substances in cosmetics. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341831. [PMID: 37827647 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing an environmentally friendly and efficient integrated analytical approach is a cutting-edge topic in current analytical science. Due to the unique properties of supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2), online supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography (SFE-SFC) is developing rapidly and has been widely applied in many fields. However, it still faces several challenges such as peak broadening and matrix interference. In order to solve the problems, we developed an inline phase transition trapping-selective supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography (PTT-SSFE-SFC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method in this study. RESULTS This method integrated extraction, purification, separation, and detection, which was applied to determine 114 prohibited substances in cosmetics within 33 min, covering ten categories. The PTT strategy trapped the extracts on the head of the column by transforming CO2 from a supercritical state to a gaseous state, preventing peak spreading and improving sensitivity. Several adsorbents were tested when analyzing aqueous samples to reduce matrix interference and absorb water. Compared with conventional online SFE-SFC, this method improved the matrix effects of 93 and 87 target substances in the toner and mask matrix, respectively. Because the integrated method reduced sample loss, it achieved high sensitivity with LODs ranging from 0.00104 μg L-1 to 3.09 μg L-1. Furthermore, compared with other reported green methods, the inline method showed advantages in automation, efficiency, sample amount, and waste volume. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY With the introduction of the PTT strategy and the adsorbent, the system obtained good peak shapes, high sensitivity, low matrix effect, and good recovery. Based on the results, inline PTT-SSFE-SFC-MS/MS as a green and efficient integrated method has great potential for analyzing low abundance and multiple categories of targets in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhong He
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jieqing Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Guangzhou Analytical Center, Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Qisheng Zhong
- Guangzhou Analytical Center, Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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12
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Salido-Fortuna S, Bosco CD, Gentili A, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, D'Orazio G, Fanali S. Enantiomeric analysis of drugs in water samples by using liquid-liquid microextraction and nano-liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1177-1186. [PMID: 37276371 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nano-LC technique is increasingly used for both fast studies on enantiomeric analysis and test beds of novel stationary phases due to the small volumes involved and the short conditioning and analysis times. In this study, the enantioseparation of 10 drugs from different families was carried out by nano-LC, utilizing silica with immobilized amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) column. The effect on chiral separation caused by the addition of different salts to the mobile phase was evaluated. To simultaneously separate as many enantiomers as possible, the effect of buffer concentration in the mobile phase was studied, and, to increase the sensitivity, a liquid-liquid microextraction based on the use of isoamyl acetate as sustainable extraction solvent was applied to pre-concentrate four chiral drugs from tap and environmental waters, achieving satisfactory recoveries (>70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salido-Fortuna
- Department of Chemistry, University of "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Dal Bosco
- Department of Chemistry, University of "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni D'Orazio
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB), CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- School in Nanoscience and Advanced Technologies, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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13
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Hussain CM, Hussain CG, Keçili R. White analytical chemistry approaches for analytical and bioanalytical techniques: Applications and challenges. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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González-Gómez L, Morante-Zarcero S, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS, Sierra I. Improved Analytical Approach for Determination of Tropane Alkaloids in Leafy Vegetables Based on µ-QuEChERS Combined with HPLC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100650. [PMID: 36287919 PMCID: PMC9612249 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents an optimized methodology based on the miniaturization of the original QuEChERS (μ-QuEChERS) followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of tropane alkaloids (TAs), atropine, and scopolamine in leafy vegetable samples. The analytical methodology was successfully validated, demonstrating quantitation limits (MQL) ≤ 2.3 ng/g, good accuracy, and precision, with recoveries between 90–100% and RSD ≤ 13% for both analytes. The method was applied to the analysis of TA-producing plants (Brugmansia versicolor, Solandra maxima, and Convolvulus arvensis). High concentrations of scopolamine were found in flowers (1771 mg/kg) and leaves (297 mg/kg) of B. versicolor. The highest concentration of atropine was found in flowers of S. maxima (10.4 mg/kg). Commercial mixed leafy vegetables contaminated with B. versicolor and S. maxima were analysed to verify the efficacy of the method, showing recoveries between 82 and 110% for both analytes. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of eighteen samples of leafy vegetables, finding atropine in three samples of mixed leafy vegetables, with concentrations of 2.7, 3.2, and 3.4 ng/g, and in nine samples with concentrations ≤MQL. In turn, scopolamine was only found in a sample of chopped Swiss chard with a concentration ≤MQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González-Gómez
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge A. M. Pereira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-7018; Fax: +34-91-488-8143
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15
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Gupta DS, Bharate SS. Techniques for analytical estimation of COVID-19 clinical candidate, niclosamide in pharmaceutical and biomedical samples. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2022; 5:SSCP371. [PMID: 36249323 PMCID: PMC9538213 DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202200097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Niclosamide is a well-known broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug used for human as well as veterinary tapeworm infections. Recently, it attracted attention as an antiviral agent for treating coronavirus disease 2019. It is administered orally in humans to treat tapeworm infections. Furthermore, it is a registered pesticide and molluscicide to control infections in the aquaculture industry. Its chronic environmental exposure has potential toxicities when such contaminated seafood is consumed. Therefore, monitoring its residual concentration in food products (seafood, water, water waste, etc.) and pharmaceuticals (active pharmaceutical ingredients, bulk drugs, and formulations) is imperative. The present review critically investigates the sophisticated techniques employed for analyzing niclosamide, its degradation products, and metabolites in various samples and matrices. The future scope for green analytical methods, green sample extraction and preparation is also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepank S. Gupta
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology ManagementSVKM's NMIMSV.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W)Mumbai400056India
| | - Sonali S. Bharate
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology ManagementSVKM's NMIMSV.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W)Mumbai400056India
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16
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Mokgehle TM, Madala NE, Tavengwa NT. Evaluation of a Chaotrope and Kosmotrope in the Multivariate Optimization of PHW-ATPE of Solasodine from Leaves of Solanum mauritianum. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175547. [PMID: 36080313 PMCID: PMC9457875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A hyphenated pressurized hot water—aqueous two-phase extraction (PHW-ATPE) method was applied to extract solasodine from Solanum mauritianum (S. mauritianum). A central composite design (CCD) was applied to determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of solasodine. The parameters evaluated included the percentage concentration of salt (NaCl or Na2CO3) and temperature. The fit of the central composite design response surface model for PHW-ATPE to the data generated a model with a good quadratic fit (R2 = 0.901). The statistically significant (p < 0.05) parameters, such as the linear and quadratic effects of the concentration of salt (%) powder, had a significant impact on the extraction of solasodine. The application of multiply charged salts such as Na2CO3 (kosmotrope) was shown to be a comparably better extractant of solasodine than NaCl (chaotrope) due to the salting-out effect. The optimized conditions for extraction of solasodine with NaCl or Na2CO3 were a temperature of 80 °C at a salt concentration of 20%. The maximum extraction of solasodine was 300.79 mg kg−1 and 162.34 mg kg−1 for Na2CO3 and NaCl, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tebogo Mphatlalala Mokgehle
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Nikita Tawanda Tavengwa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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17
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Agrawal A, Yıldız ÜY, Hussain CG, Kailasa SK, Keçili R, Hussain CM. Greenness of lab-on-a-chip devices for analytical processes: Advances & future prospects. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114914. [PMID: 35843186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip devices have now-a-days become an important aspect of analytical/bioanalytical chemistry having wide range of applications including clinical diagnosis, drug screening, cell biology, environmental monitoring, food safety analysis etc. Conventional lab-on-a-chip devices generally employ chemicals that are not environmentally friendly and were commonly fabricated on hard plastic platform which are non-degradable and hence ignore the importance of green analytical chemistry. In today's scenario, it is highly imperative to protect our environment by using less toxic and environmentally friendly chemicals/solvents and biocompatible platforms. Accordingly, the present article comprehensively reviews on the various green aspects of lab-on-a-chip devices for analytical processes which aim at fabricating environmentally friendly and cost-effective downsized devices so that the risk factor at the user's end upon longer exposure as well as to the environment can be reduced. The decisive factors for the accomplishment of green aspects of lab-on-a-chip devices including sample preparation using lab-on-a-chip systems to minimize the amount of sample/solvents to few microliters only, substitution of harmful solvents with green alternatives, minimal waste generation or proper treatment of waste and biodegradable and biocompatible platforms for fabricating lab-on-a-chip devices have been discussed in details. Additionally, the challenges that may hinder their commercialization are also critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Physics, Shri Neelkantheshwar Government Post-Graduate College, Khandwa 450001, India
| | - Ümit Yılmaz Yıldız
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | - Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Rüstem Keçili
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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18
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Chen M, Shang Y, Bai H, Ma Q. Electromembrane Extraction and Dual-Channel Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled with a Miniature Mass Spectrometer: Incorporation of a Dicationic Ionic Liquid-Induced Charge Inversion Strategy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9472-9480. [PMID: 35737371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Green analytical chemistry aims at developing analytical methods with minimum use and generation of hazardous substances for the protection of human health and the environment. To address this need, a green analytical protocol has been developed for the analysis of anionic compounds integrating electromembrane extraction (EME), dual-channel nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), and a miniature mass spectrometer. Haloacetic acids (HAAs) have attracted considerable public concern due to their adverse effects on human health and were selected as model analytes for method development. A flat membrane EME device was developed and assembled in-house. Optimization of fundamental operational parameters was performed using single-factor test and response surface methodology. Both the EME acceptor phase and an imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquid (DIL), 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene difluoride (C4(MIM)2F2), were subjected to dual-channel nanoESI and miniature mass spectrometry analysis based on a charge inversion strategy, where positively charged complexes were formed. Enhancement in signal intensity by as much as 2 magnitudes was achieved in the positive-ion mode compared to the negative-ion mode in the absence of the dicationic ion-pairing agent. The developed protocol was validated, obtaining good recoveries ranging from 82.7 to 109.9% and satisfactory sensitivity with limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) in the ranges of 1-5 and 2-10 μg/L, respectively. The greenness of the analytical procedure was assessed with a calculated score of 0.71, indicating a high degree of greenness. The developed method was applied to the analysis of real environmental or municipal water samples (n = 16), exhibiting appealing potential for outside-the-laboratory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yuhan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
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19
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Green extraction approach based on μSPEed® followed by HPLC-MS/MS for the determination of atropine and scopolamine in tea and herbal tea infusions. Food Chem 2022; 394:133512. [PMID: 35728464 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A high throught methododology based on a green extraction technique, µSPEed®, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has been proposed for the analysis of atropine and scopolamine in tea and herbal tea infusions. For this, a digiVOL® Digital Syringe was used with different sorbents and working conditions to obtain a fast and efficient µSPEed® extraction. The best performance was achieved with a PS/DVB sorbent phase, sample loading of 5 × 500 µL and elution with 2 × 100 µL aliquots of methanol. The strategy based on µSPEed® followed by HPLC-MS/MS was validated, attaining quantitation limits lower than 0.15 ng mL-1 and recoveries between 94 and 106% for both analytes and applied to seventeen tea and herbal tea infusions. Fourteen infusions showed contamination with one or both analytes above the maximum content legislated (sum of atropine and scopolamine < 0.2 ng mL-1).
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20
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Peak broadening caused by using different micro-liquid chromatography detectors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6107-6114. [PMID: 35705858 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in column technology resulted in smaller particles and more efficient phases. In parallel, the use of columns with reduced dimensions is becoming more common. This means the effective column volume is also decreased, thereby making the systems more susceptible to effects of band broadening due to extra-column volume. Despite these trends and the fact that a growing number of miniaturized liquid chromatography systems are being offered commercially, manufacturers often stick to the modular concept with dedicated units for pumps, column oven, and detectors. This modular design results in long connection capillaries, which leads to extra-column band broadening and consequently prevents the exploitation of the intrinsic efficiency of state-of-the-art columns. In particular, band broadening post column has a considerable negative effect on efficiency. In this study, mass flow and concentration-dependent detectors were examined for their influence on band broadening using a micro-LC system. A mass spectrometric detector, an evaporative light scattering detector, two UV detectors, and a previously undescribed fluorescence detector were compared. The influence on efficiency is compared using plate height vs linear velocity data and peak variance. It is shown that an increase in the inner diameter after the post-column transfer capillary leads to significant loss in plate height. Comparing the UV detectors, it could be shown that the dispersion was reduced by 38% by the reduction of the post-column volume. The largest variance was found for the evaporative light scattering detector, which was 368% higher compared to the variance of the detector with the least effect on band broadening.
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21
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de Borba VS, Lemos AC, Rodrigues MHP, Gropelli VM, Cerqueira MBR, Badiale-Furlong E. Miniaturization of Spectrophotometric Methods to Determine Reducing Sugars, Total Starch and Soluble Proteins in Wheat-Based Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Peanut shells-derived biochars as adsorbents for the pipette-tip solid-phase extraction of endocrine-disrupting phenols in water, milk and beverage. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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23
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Carasek E, Morés L, Huelsmann RD. Disposable pipette extraction: A critical review of concepts, applications, and directions. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1192:339383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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24
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López-Lorente ÁI, Pena-Pereira F, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Zuin VG, Ozkan SA, Psillakis E. The Ten Principles of Green Sample Preparation. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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El-Deen AK, Shimizu K. Deep Eutectic Solvents as Promising Green Solvents in Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet: Recent Applications, Challenges and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2021; 26:7406. [PMID: 34885987 PMCID: PMC8659195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently attracted attention as a promising green alternative to conventional hazardous solvents by virtue of their simple preparation, low cost, and biodegradability. Even though the application of DESs in analytical chemistry is still in its early stages, the number of publications on this topic is growing. Analytical procedures applying dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets (DLLME-SFOD) are among the more appealing approaches where DESs have been found to be applicable. Herein, we provide a summary of the articles that are concerned with the application of DESs in the DLLME-SFOD of target analytes from diverse samples to provide up-to-date knowledge in this area. In addition, the major variables influencing enrichment efficiency and the microextraction mechanism are fully investigated and explained. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of applying DESs in DLLME-SFOD are thoroughly discussed and are critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Kamal El-Deen
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
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26
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Combinations of Nanomaterials and Deep Eutectic Solvents as Innovative Materials in Food Analysis. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology has been an important tool in the development of sustainable analytical procedures which have been developed in agreement with the principles of sustainability and green chemistry. In this sense, such materials have been widely applied in the area of food analysis providing important improvements in terms of specificity, efficiency, and simplicity. Besides, in recent years, the discovery of other innovative materials developed in the framework of green chemistry, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), has gained special attention from the scientific community for whom the design and successful application of sustainable strategies is a huge challenge. In this sense, the recent combination of nanomaterials and DESs have resulted in the performance of suitable approaches in the area of food sciences bringing about interesting alternatives in food analysis. The aim of this review article is to revise the application of nanomaterials combined with DESs in food analysis, paying special attention to the synthesis and characterization steps, as well as to the performance of the most recent approaches developed in the field for the analysis of food commodities.
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27
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Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent for elemental impurities determination in oral and parenteral drugs by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1185:339052. [PMID: 34711330 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A simple, fast, sensitive and green pretreatment method for determination of Cd, Co, Hg, Ni, Pb and V in oral and parenteral drug samples using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) has been developed. According to United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), those metals must be reported in all pharmaceutical products for quality control evaluation (i.e., elemental impurities from classes 1 and 2A of USP Chapter 232). To improve the analytical capabilities of ICP OES, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) has performed using a safe, cheap and biodegradable deep eutectic solvent (DES) as extractant solvent (a mixture of 2:1 M ratio of DL-menthol and decanoic acid). Seven parameters affecting the microextraction efficiency have carefully optimized by multivariate analysis. Under optimized conditions, the DES-based DLLME-ICP OES procedure improved limit of quantitation (LOQ) values on range from 12 to 85-fold and afforded an enrichment factor on average 60-times higher than those obtained to direct ICP OES analysis. Consequently, LOQ values for Cd, Co, Hg, Ni, Pb and V have been on average 10-times lower than target limits recommended for drugs from parenteral route of administration. Trueness has evaluated by addition and recovery experiments following USP recommendations for three oral drug samples in liquid dosage form and three parenteral drugs. Recovery and RSD values have been within the range of 90-109% and 1-6%, respectively. All analytes were below the respectives LOQ values, hence, lower than the limits proposed by USP Chapter 232.
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