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Ejerssa WW, Seid MG, Lim SJ, Han J, Chae SH, Son A, Hong SW. Loss of micropollutants on syringe filters during sample filtration: Machine learning approach for selecting appropriate filters. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142327. [PMID: 38754483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Prefiltration before chromatographic analysis is critical in the monitoring of environmental micropollutants (MPs). However, in an aqueous matrix, such monitoring often leads to out-of-specification results owing to the loss of MPs on syringe filters. Therefore, this study investigated the loss of seventy MPs on eight different syringe filters by employing Random Forest, a machine learning algorithm. The results indicate that the loss of MPs during filtration is filter specific, with glass microfiber and polytetrafluoroethylene filters being the most effective (<20%) compared with nylon (>90%) and others (regenerated-cellulose, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene difluoride, cellulose acetate, and polypropylene). The Random Forest classifier showed outstanding performance (accuracy range 0.81-0.95) for determining whether the loss of MPs on filters exceeded 20%. Important factors in this classification were analyzed using the SHapley Additive exPlanation value and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results show that the physicochemical properties (LogKow/LogD, pKa, functional groups, and charges) of MPs are more important than the operational parameters (sample volume, filter pore size, diameter, and flow rate) in determining the loss of most MPs on syringe filters. However, other important factors such as the implications of the roles of pH for nylon and pre-rinsing for PTFE syringe filters should not be ignored. Overall, this study provides a systematic framework for understanding the behavior of various MP classes and their potential losses on syringe filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondesen Workneh Ejerssa
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingizem Gashaw Seid
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ji Lim
- Water and Wastewater Research Center, K-Water Research Institute, Korea, 125, Yuseong-daero 1689 beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Han
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Chae
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Aseom Son
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Hong
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Zhang H, Jiang M, Su P, Lv Q, Zeng G, An L, Cao J, Zhou Y, Snyder SA, Ma J, Yang T. Refinement of kinetic model and understanding the role of dichloride radical (Cl 2•-) in radical transformation in the UV/NH 2Cl process. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121440. [PMID: 38479170 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The ultraviolet/monochloramine (UV/NH2Cl) process is an emerging advanced oxidation process with promising prospects in water treatment. Previous studies developed kinetic models of UV/NH2Cl for simulating radical concentrations and pollutant degradation. However, the reaction rate constants of Cl2•- with bicarbonate and carbonate (kCl2•-, HCO3- and kCl2•-, CO32-) were overestimated in literature. Consequently, when dosing 1 mM chloride and 1 mM bicarbonate, the current models of UV/NH2Cl severely under-predicted the experimental concentrations of three important radicals (i.e., hydroxyl radical (HO•), chlorine radical (Cl•), and dichloride radical (Cl2•-)) with great deviations (> 90 %). To investigate this issue, the transformation reactions among these three radicals in UV/NH2Cl were systematically studied. For the first time, it was found that in addition to Cl•, Cl2•- was also an important parent radical of HO• in the presence of chloride, and chloride could effectively compensate the inhibitory effect of bicarbonate on HO• generation in the system. Moreover, reactions and rate constants in current models were scrutinized from corresponding literature, and the reaction rate constants of Cl2•- with bicarbonate and carbonate (kCl2•-, HCO3- and kCl2•-, CO32-) were reevaluated to be 1.47 × 105 and 3.78 × 106 M-1s-1, respectively, by laser flash photolysis. With the newly obtained rate constants, the refined model could accurately simulate concentrations of all three radicals under different chloride and bicarbonate dosages with satisfactory deviations (< 30 %). Meanwhile, the refined model performed much better in predicting pollutant degradation and radical contribution compared with the unrefined model (with the previously estimated kCl2•-, HCO3- and kCl2•-, CO32-). The results of this study enhanced the accuracy and applicability of the kinetic model of UV/NH2Cl, and deepened the understanding of radical transformation in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Maoju Jiang
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China
| | - Peng Su
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China
| | - Qixiao Lv
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China
| | - Ge Zeng
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China
| | - Linqian An
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China
| | - Jiachun Cao
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shane Allen Snyder
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China; Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529020, China.
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3
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Loos R, Daouk S, Marinov D, Gómez L, Porcel-Rodríguez E, Sanseverino I, Amalric L, Potalivo M, Calabretta E, Ferenčík M, Colzani L, DellaVedova L, Amendola L, Saurini M, Di Girolamo F, Lardy-Fontan S, Sengl M, Kunkel U, Svahn O, Weiss S, De Martin S, Gelao V, Bazzichetto M, Tarábek P, Stipaničev D, Repec S, Zacs D, Ricci M, Golovko O, Flores C, Ramani S, Rebane R, Rodríguez JA, Lettieri T. Summary recommendations on "Analytical methods for substances in the Watch List under the Water Framework Directive". THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168707. [PMID: 37992820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The Watch List (WL) is a monitoring program under the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) to obtain high-quality Union-wide monitoring data on potential water pollutants for which scarce monitoring data or data of insufficient quality are available. The main purpose of the WL data collection is to determine if the substances pose a risk to the aquatic environment at EU level and subsequently to decide whether a threshold, the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) should be set for them and, potentially to be listed as priority substance in the WFD. The first WL was established in 2015 and contained 10 individual or groups of substances while the 4th WL was launched in 2022. The results of monitoring the substances of the first WL showed that some countries had difficulties to reach an analytical Limit of Quantification (LOQ) below or equal to the Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNEC) or EQS. The Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) organised a series of workshops to support the EU Member States (MS) and their activities under the WFD. Sharing the knowledge among the Member States on the analytical methods is important to deliver good data quality. The outcome and the discussion engaged with the experts are described in this paper, and in addition a literature review of the most important publications on the analysis of 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, metaflumizone, fipronil, metformin, and guanylurea from the last years is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Loos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | | | - Livia Gómez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Ferenčík
- Povodí Labe, státní podnik, Czech Republic; Institute of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Luisa Colzani
- ARPA Lombardia, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Lombardy Region, Italy
| | - Luisa DellaVedova
- ARPA Lombardia, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Lombardy Region, Italy
| | - Luca Amendola
- ARPA Lazio, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Lazio Region, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Saurini
- ARPA Lazio, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Lazio Region, Italy
| | | | - Sophie Lardy-Fontan
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), France
| | | | - Uwe Kunkel
- Bavarian Environment Agency (LfU), Germany
| | - Ola Svahn
- Kristianstad University, MoLab, Sweden
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Federal Environment Agency, Umweltbundesamt (GmbH), Austria
| | - Stefano De Martin
- ARPA FVG, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Italy
| | - Vito Gelao
- ARPA FVG, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Italy
| | - Michele Bazzichetto
- ARPA FVG, the Regional Environmental Protection Agency-Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Italy
| | - Peter Tarábek
- Water Research Institute (VÚVH), National Water Reference Laboratory, Slovakia
| | | | - Siniša Repec
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer Water Institute, Central Water Laboratory, Croatia
| | - Dzintars Zacs
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Latvia
| | - Marina Ricci
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
| | - Oksana Golovko
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden
| | - Cintia Flores
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory/Organic Pollutants, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Spain
| | | | - Riin Rebane
- Estonian Environmental Research Centre, Estonia
| | - Juan Alández Rodríguez
- Área de Vigilancia y Control de Calidad de las Aguas, Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico, Spain
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Almansa X, Starostka R, Raskin L, Zeeman G, De Los Reyes F, Waechter J, Yeh D, Radu T. Anaerobic Digestion as a Core Technology in Addressing the Global Sanitation Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19078-19087. [PMID: 37956995 PMCID: PMC10702437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Successfully addressing the complex global sanitation problem is a massive undertaking. Anaerobic digestion (AD), coupled with post-treatment, has been identified as a promising technology to contribute to meeting this goal. It offers multiple benefits to the end users, such as the potential inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms in waste and the recovery of resources, including renewable energy and nutrients. This feature article provides an overview of the most frequently applied AD systems for decentralized communities and low- and lower-middle-income countries with an emphasis on sanitation, including technologies for which pathogen inactivation was considered during the design. Challenges to AD use are then identified, such as experience, economics, knowledge/training of personnel and users, and stakeholder analysis. Finally, accelerators for AD implementation are noted, such as the inclusion of field studies in academic journals, analysis of emerging contaminants, the use of sanitation toolboxes and life cycle assessment in design, incorporation of artificial intelligence in monitoring, and expansion of undergraduate and graduate curricula focused on Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Starostka
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Grietje Zeeman
- Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Francis De Los Reyes
- Department
of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7908, United
States
| | | | - Daniel Yeh
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Tanja Radu
- School
of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United
Kingdom
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Rios-Miguel AB, Jhm van Bergen T, Zillien C, Mj Ragas A, van Zelm R, Sm Jetten M, Jan Hendriks A, Welte CU. Predicting and improving the microbial removal of organic micropollutants during wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138908. [PMID: 37187378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (OMPs) consist of widely used chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides that can persist in surface and groundwaters at low concentrations (ng/L to μg/L) for a long time. The presence of OMPs in water can disrupt aquatic ecosystems and threaten the quality of drinking water sources. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) rely on microorganisms to remove major nutrients from water, but their effectiveness at removing OMPs varies. Low removal efficiency might be the result of low concentrations, inherent stable chemical structures of OMPs, or suboptimal conditions in WWTPs. In this review, we discuss these factors, with special emphasis on the ongoing adaptation of microorganisms to degrade OMPs. Finally, recommendations are drawn to improve the prediction of OMP removal in WWTPs and to optimize the design of new microbial treatment strategies. OMP removal seems to be concentration-, compound-, and process-dependent, which poses a great complexity to develop accurate prediction models and effective microbial processes targeting all OMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Rios-Miguel
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tamara Jhm van Bergen
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Caterina Zillien
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ad Mj Ragas
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalie van Zelm
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mike Sm Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia U Welte
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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6
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Jin L, Wang Q, Yan M, Gu J, Zhang K, Lam PKS, Ruan Y. Enantiospecific Uptake and Depuration Kinetics of Chiral Metoprolol and Venlafaxine in Marine Medaka ( Oryzias melastigma): Tissue Distribution and Metabolite Formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4471-4480. [PMID: 36877486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of chiral pharmaceuticals has led to their widespread presence in the environment. However, their toxicokinetics have rarely been reported. Therefore, the tissue-specific uptake and depuration kinetics of two pairs of pharmaceutical enantiomers, S-(-)-metoprolol versus R-(+)-metoprolol and S-(+)-venlafaxine versus R-(-)-venlafaxine, were studied in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) during a 28-day exposure and 14-day clearance period. The toxicokinetics of the studied pharmaceuticals, including uptake and depuration rate constants, depuration half-life (t1/2), and bioconcentration factor (BCF), were reported for the first time. The whole-fish results demonstrated a higher S- than R-venlafaxine bioaccumulation potential, whereas no significant difference was observed between S- and R-metoprolol. O-desmethyl-metoprolol (ODM) and α-hydroxy-metoprolol (AHM) were the main metoprolol metabolites identified by suspect screening, and the ratios of ODM to AHM were 3.08 and 1.35 for S- and R-metoprolol, respectively. N,O-Didesmethyl-venlafaxine (NODDV) and N-desmethyl-venlafaxine (NDV) were the main venlafaxine metabolites, and the ratios of NODDV to NDV were 1.55 and 0.73 for S- and R-venlafaxine, respectively. The highest tissue-specific BCFs of the four enantiomers were all found in the eyes, meriting in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Meng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jiarui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao, Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuefei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
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7
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Liu A, Lin W, Ming R, Guan W, Wang X, Hu N, Ren Y. Stability of 28 typical prescription drugs in sewer systems and interaction with the biofilm bacterial community. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129142. [PMID: 35594665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the attenuation characteristics of drugs in sewage and sewers is one of the important factors to improve the accuracy of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) application. In this study, 28 drugs including antidepressants, cardiovascular drugs, antihistamines, anticonvulsants and some of their human metabolites were chosen as the targets to study the hydrolysis, adsorption, and biodegradation at different temperatures in sewage and sewers. The interaction between drugs degradation and community structure of biofilm was also investigated. In the simulated sewers, the removal percentages of 12 parent or drug metabolites are 0-20%, such as demethylvenlafaxine, fluvoxamine, etc., which are highly stable chemicals and suitable to be chosen as biomarkers for WBE back-calculation under appropriate circumstances. Fourteen drugs including venlafaxine and citalopram have removal percentages of 20-60%. While paroxetine and sertraline, with removal percentage of 100%, are the most unstable and cannot be used as biomarkers. Among the 28 drugs, there are 25 drugs that have a higher loss rate in the aerobic sewer than that in the anaerobic sewer in this study. During drug exposure in anaerobic biofilms, species abundance first decreased and then increased. Species abundance and diversity in aerobic biofilm generally showed a decreasing trend. In addition, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetota were the dominant phyla in both sewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchen Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenting Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ruiliang Ming
- Guangzhou CAS Test Technical Services Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Wenqi Guan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xinying Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ningyi Hu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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8
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Wang H, Wang J, Zhou M, Wang W, Liu C, Wang Y. A versatile control strategy based on organic carbon flow analysis for effective treatment of incineration leachate using an anammox-based process. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 215:118261. [PMID: 35294909 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anammox-based process provides an alternative for the sustainable treatment of incineration leachate that has high-load ammonium and high residual heat, but the high concentrations of organics in such leachates brought challenges for the process control. For the first time, a two-stage partial nitrification (PN)-anammox process coupled with a pre-enhanced anaerobic digestion (AD) was established to achieve efficient nitrogen removal from incineration leachate. Satisfactory nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were achieved-with the average values of 90% and 78%, respectively-despite fluctuating influent properties [1100-2000 mg-total nitrogen (TN)/L and 3800-15800 mg-COD/L]. A versatile control strategy was developed to create an optimum autotrophic environment for nitrifier and anammox bacteria: i) enhanced AD set before the PN-anammox process captured nearly 50% of the influent COD; ii) in the PN unit, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were well adapted to COD concentrations of 1420-2400 mg/L, and dissolved oxygen (0.2-0.4 mg/L) controlling combined with a high free nitrous acid concentration (>0.08 mg/L) ensured a nitrite accumulation rate of >95%; and iii) in the anammox unit, a suitable influent NO2--N/NH4+-N ratio (the average value of 1.27) was achieved by mixing AD effluent with PN effluent (1:1.78, v/v), contributing to a high TN removal of 78 ± 2.4%. Nevertheless, 980-1560 mg/L of COD remained in the influent of the anammox unit; biorefractory humic acids in this (245.6 ± 3 mg/L) might be the main component that caused the observed 66 ± 2% decrease in anammox activity. The proliferation of denitrifying bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria induced by the organic compounds may have led to the observed decline in the abundance of the anammox bacterium Candidatus Kuenenia. The proposed strategy guaranteed the robust operation of the PN-anammox process and provides a promising approach for the sustainable treatment of incineration leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China
| | - Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China
| | - Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China
| | - Chao Liu
- Shanghai Youlin Zhuyuan Sewage Investment and Development Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P R China.
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9
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Yang Y, Ricoveri A, Demeestere K, Van Hulle S. Advanced treatment of landfill leachate through combined Anammox-based biotreatment, O 3/H 2O 2 oxidation, and activated carbon adsorption: technical performance, surrogate-based control strategy, and operational cost analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128481. [PMID: 35176699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of landfill leachate makes it difficult to treat it with a single biological/ physical/chemical process. Moreover, the dynamic leachate characteristics pose a challenge for effective process control. Therefore, a combined treatment, consisting of a one-stage partial nitrification-Anammox process, an O3/H2O2 process, and a granular activated carbon filtration (GAC) process, was investigated. Meanwhile, a novel surrogate-based ozone dose control strategy for O3/H2O2 process was evaluated. Results show that this three-stage process offers high removal of total nitrogen (> 90%), COD (chemical oxygen demand, 60-82%), and micropollutants (atrazine, alachlor, carbamazepine, and bisphenol A, > 96%), satisfying discharge requirements. In the combined post-treatment, ozone dosing for COD removal can be real-time controlled by UVA254 reduction monitoring, based on a specific correlation between COD and UVA254 changes. On the other hand, O3/H2O2 pre-treatment controlled at a 50% UVA254 reduction shows to be the optimal point, when adsorption is designed as the main step for COD removal. Cost analysis shows that post-treatment with low (high) organic load i.e., COD ≤ (≥)540 mg/L, a combination with O3/H2O2 (GAC) as the main step appears to be more cost-effective. Therefore, a dynamic operation strategy in response to the leachate change is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Yang
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Alex Ricoveri
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Hulle
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
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10
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Yang J, Duan A, Wang D, Yang X, Liu X, Yang G, Yang Q. Evaluating the effect of diclofenac on hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114641. [PMID: 35131705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen production from waste-activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation is considered to be an effective method of resource recovery. However, the presence of a large number of complex organic compounds in sludge will affect the biological hydrogen production process. As an extensively applied prevalent anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac (DCF) is inevitably released into the environment. However, the effect of diclofenac on hydrogen production from WAS anaerobic fermentation has not been fully investigated. This work therefore aims to comprehensively investigate the removal efficiency of DCF in mesophilic anaerobic fermentation of WAS and its effect on hydrogen yield. Experiment results showed that 32.5%-38.3% of DCF was degraded in the fermentation process when DCF concentration was ranged from 6 to 100 mg/kg TSS (total suspended solids). DCF at environmental level inhibited hydrogen production, the maximal hydrogen yield decreased from 24.2 to 15.3 mL/g VSS (volatile suspended solids) with an increase of DCF addition from 6 to 100 mg/kg TSS. This is because the presence of DCF caused inhibitions to acetogenesis and acidogenesis, the processes responsible for hydrogen production, probably due to that the polar groups of DCF (i.e., carboxyl group) could readily bind to active sites of [FeFe]- Hydrogenase. Besides, the microbial analysis revealed that DCF increased the microbial diversity but had few influences on the microbial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Xianli Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xuran Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Guojing Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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11
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Kelova ME, Ali AM, Eich-Greatorex S, Dörsch P, Kallenborn R, Jenssen PD. Small-scale on-site treatment of fecal matter: comparison of treatments for resource recovery and sanitization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:63945-63964. [PMID: 33666847 PMCID: PMC8610962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On-site small-scale sanitation is common in rural areas and areas without infrastructure, but the treatment of the collected fecal matter can be inefficient and is seldom directed to resource recovery. The aim of this study was to compare low-technology solutions such as composting and lactic acid fermentation (LAF) followed by vermicomposting in terms of treatment efficiency, potential human and environmental risks, and stabilization of the material for reuse in agriculture. A specific and novel focus of the study was the fate of native pharmaceutical compounds in the fecal matter. Composting, with and without the addition of biochar, was monitored by temperature and CO2 production and compared with LAF. All treatments were run at three different ambient temperatures (7, 20, and 38°C) and followed by vermicomposting at room temperature. Materials resulting from composting and LAF were analyzed for fecal indicators, physicochemical characteristics, and residues of ten commonly used pharmaceuticals and compared to the initial substrate. Vermicomposting was used as secondary treatment and assessed by enumeration of Escherichia coli, worm density, and physicochemical characteristics. Composting at 38°C induced the highest microbial activity and resulted in better stability of the treated material, higher N content, lower numbers of fecal indicators, and less pharmaceutical compounds as compared to LAF. Even though analysis of pH after LAF suggested incomplete fermentation, E. coli cell numbers were significantly lower in all LAF treatments compared to composting at 7°C, and some of the anionic pharmaceutical compounds were detected in lower concentrations. The addition of approximately 5 vol % biochar to the composting did not yield significant differences in measured parameters. Vermicomposting further stabilized the material, and the treatments previously composted at 7°C and 20°C had the highest worm density. These results suggest that in small-scale decentralized sanitary facilities, the ambient temperatures can significantly influence the treatment and the options for safe reuse of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya E. Kelova
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Fougnerbakken 3, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Aasim M. Ali
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Chr. M. Falsens vei 1, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
- Department of Contaminants and Biohazards, Institute of Marine Research, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Susanne Eich-Greatorex
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Fougnerbakken 3, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Peter Dörsch
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Fougnerbakken 3, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Chr. M. Falsens vei 1, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Petter D. Jenssen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Fougnerbakken 3, NO-1433 Ås, Norway
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12
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Son DJ, Kim CS, Park JW, Lee SH, Chung HM, Jeong DH. Spatial variation of pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants in Korea. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112150. [PMID: 33611069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have elucidated the removal of pharmaceutical residues in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, there remains a need to determine the spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of full-scale municipal WWTPs. Herein, spatial variations of fifteen pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of four full-scale municipal WWTPs were assessed by analyzing both solid and liquid samples. Furthermore, different pathways of each pharmaceutical such as biodegradation, adsorption, deconjugation, and electrostatic interaction were investigated. Pharmaceutical mass loading were measured at various points for the different unit process and evaluated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The average mass loading of acetaminophen and caffeine decreased tremendously in the first biological treatment process regardless of the process configuration. In contrast, a temporary increase was observed in the mass loading of ibuprofen in the anaerobic and/or anoxic processes, which was presumably caused by deconjugation. Additionally, the adverse effect of coagulation on ibuprofen removal was validated. The major removal mechanism for the selected antibiotics, except for sulfamethoxazole, was the adsorption by biosolids due to electrostatic interaction. Subsequently, a drastic decrease was observed in their mass loadings in the solid-liquid separation process of the WWTPs. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) shows excellent capability for mitigation of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater because it comprises a high concentration of biosolids that act as adsorbents. The evaluation of the spatial variations of the selected pharmaceuticals in different unit processes provides valuable information on their behavior and removal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Son
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Kim
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Park
- Division of Monitoring and Analysis, Yeongsan River Basin Environmental Office, Gwangju, 61945, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Lee
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyen-Mi Chung
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Jeong
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Sengar A, Vijayanandan A. Comprehensive review on iodinated X-ray contrast media: Complete fate, occurrence, and formation of disinfection byproducts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144846. [PMID: 33736235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are drugs which are used in medical examinations for organ imaging purposes. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have shown incapability to remove ICM, and as a consequence, ICM and their transformation products (TPs) have been detected in environmental waters. ICM show limited biotransformation and low sorption potential. ICM can act as iodine source and can react with commonly used disinfectants such as chlorine in presence of organic matter to yield iodinated disinfection byproducts (IDBPs) which are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than conventionally known disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Even highly efficient advanced treatment systems have failed to completely mineralize ICM, and TPs that are more toxic than parent ICM are produced. This raises issues regarding the efficacy of existing treatment technologies and serious concern over disinfection of ICM containing waters. Realizing this, the current review aims to capture the attention of scientific community on areas of less focus. The review features in depth knowledge regarding complete environmental fate of ICM along with their existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arya Vijayanandan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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14
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Chen S, Xie J, Wen Z. Removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from waterbody using a revolving algal biofilm (RAB) reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124284. [PMID: 33139107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment has raised concerns due to their accumulation in the ecosystem. This study aims to explore the feasibility of using a Revolving Algal Biofilm (RAB) reactor for PPCPs removal from waterbody. Five model PPCP compounds including ibuprofen, oxybenzone, triclosan, bisphenol A and N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) were mixed and added to the culture medium. It shows that PPCP removal efficiencies of the RAB reactor ranged from 70% to 100%. The degradation of PPCPs by the RAB reactor contributed > 90% PPCP removal while < 10% PPCPs removal was due to accumulation in the algal biomass. The nutrients removal performance of the RAB reactor was not affected by exposing to the PPCPs. The extracellular polysaccharides content of the biomass increased when exposing to PPCPs, while the extracellular proteins content remained constant. The Chl a content maintained constant in the PPCPs-treated biomass, but decreased in the biomass without PPCP treatment. It was also found that the microbial consortium of the RAB reactor was enriched with PPCPs degradation microorganisms with the progressing of feeding PPCPs. Collectively, this work demonstrates that the RAB system is a promising technology for removing PPCPs from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, 536 Farmhouse Lane, Ames 50011, Iowa, USA
| | - Jiahui Xie
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, 536 Farmhouse Lane, Ames 50011, Iowa, USA
| | - Zhiyou Wen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, 536 Farmhouse Lane, Ames 50011, Iowa, USA; Gross-Wen Technologies Inc., 404 Main Street, Slater 50244, Iowa, USA.
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15
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Su Q, Schittich AR, Jensen MM, Ng H, Smets BF. Role of Ammonia Oxidation in Organic Micropollutant Transformation during Wastewater Treatment: Insights from Molecular, Cellular, and Community Level Observations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2173-2188. [PMID: 33543927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (OMPs) are a threat to aquatic environments, and wastewater treatment plants may act as a source or a barrier of OMPs entering the environment. Understanding the fate of OMPs in wastewater treatment processes is needed to establish efficient OMP removal strategies. Enhanced OMP biotransformation has been documented during biological nitrogen removal and has been attributed to the cometabolic activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and, specifically, to the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) enzyme. Yet, the exact mechanisms of OMP biotransformation are often unknown. This critical review aims to fundamentally and quantitatively evaluate the role of ammonia oxidation in OMP biotransformation during wastewater treatment processes. OMPs can be transformed by AOB via direct and indirect enzymatic reactions: AMO directly transforms OMPs primarily via hydroxylation, while biologically produced reactive nitrogen species (hydroxylamine (NH2OH), nitrite (NO2-), and nitric oxide (NO)) can chemically transform OMPs through nitration, hydroxylation, and deamination and can contribute significantly to the observed OMP transformations. OMPs containing alkyl, aliphatic hydroxyl, ether, and sulfide functional groups as well as substituted aromatic rings and aromatic primary amines can be biotransformed by AMO, while OMPs containing alkyl groups, phenols, secondary amines, and aromatic primary amines can undergo abiotic transformations mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Higher OMP biotransformation efficiencies and rates are obtained in AOB-dominant microbial communities, especially in autotrophic reactors performing nitrification or nitritation, than in non-AOB-dominant microbial communities. The biotransformations of OMPs in wastewater treatment systems can often be linked to ammonium (NH4+) removal following two central lines of evidence: (i) Similar transformation products (i.e., hydroxylated, nitrated, and desaminated TPs) are detected in wastewater treatment systems as in AOB pure cultures. (ii) Consistency in OMP biotransformation (rbio, μmol/g VSS/d) to NH4+ removal (rNH4+, mol/g VSS/d) rate ratios (rbio/rNH4+) is observed for individual OMPs across different systems with similar rNH4+ and AOB abundances. In this review, we conclude that AOB are the main drivers of OMP biotransformation during wastewater treatment processes. The importance of biologically driven abiotic OMP transformation is quantitatively assessed, and functional groups susceptible to transformations by AMO and reactive nitrogen species are systematically classified. This critical review will improve the prediction of OMP transformation and facilitate the design of efficient OMP removal strategies during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxian Su
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna-Ricarda Schittich
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marlene Mark Jensen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Howyong Ng
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
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16
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Li J, Li J, Meng J, Sun K. Understanding of signaling molecule controlled anammox through regulating C/N ratio. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123863. [PMID: 32717518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anammox as a novel biological process in natural nitrogen cycle has been introduced into wastewater treatment process. However, the regulation mechanism of anammox metabolism remained to be investigated. In this study, the specific quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules for mediating anammox were identified in anammox activity tests. Anammox was valve-regulated by the collaboration of QS signaling molecules N-butyryl-homoserine lactone (C14-HSL) and N-(3-oxotetradecanoyl)-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C14-HSL), and prompted with the C14-HSL/3-oxo-C14-HSL mole ratio above 1.0. Moreover, the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to total nitrogen (C/N) was identified as an effective regulator for the distribution of C14-HSL and 3-oxo-C14-HSL. An engineering method for control anammox through regulating C/N ratio was proposed and demonstrated based on the performance of two microaerobic reactors treating piggery wastewater and anammox activity tests. The discovery should be of great significance to understanding the social behaviors of anammox bacteria in organic wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China; Advanced Water Management Centre, Building 60, Research Road, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
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Tong X, Li Z, Chen W, Wang J, Li X, Mu J, Tang Y, Li L. Efficient catalytic ozonation of diclofenac by three-dimensional iron (Fe)-doped SBA-16 mesoporous structures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:461-470. [PMID: 32535428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The removal of diclofenac (DCF) that causes risks to the environment and human health remains a great challenge due to the inefficiency of conventional physical methods. In this work, an efficient catalytic ozonation of DCF is achieved from a novel iron-doped SBA-16 (Fe-SBA-16) three-dimensional (3D) mesoporous structure. The Fe-SBA-16/ozonation (O3) system exhibits enhanced catalytic activity towards DCF mineralization (up to 79.3% in 1.5 h), which is 1.2 times of its counterpart, Fe-MCM-41, and 2.4 times of the sole ozonation without catalysts. The unique 3D mesoporous structures accelerate the mass transfer and meanwhile result in higher ozone utilization efficiency for more effective generation of active species, hence enhancing the DCF mineralization efficiency. We believe the well-defined Fe-SBA-16 catalyst coupled with their enhanced catalytic ozonation performances will provide new insights into the construction of mesoporous structured materials to eliminate hazards in aqueous solutions for the environment remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Tong
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhidong Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weirui Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xukai Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaxin Mu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiming Tang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Laisheng Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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18
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Li H, Yao H, Liu T, Wang B, Xia J, Guo J. Achieving simultaneous nitrogen and antibiotic removal in one-stage partial nitritation-Anammox (PN/A) process. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105987. [PMID: 32763631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitritation-Anammox (PN/A) process has been recognized as a sustainable process for biological nitrogen removal. Although various antibiotics have been ubiquitously detected in influent of wastewater treatment plants, little is known whether functional microorganisms in the PN/A process are capable of biodegrading antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate simultaneous nitrogen and antibiotic removal in a lab-scale one-stage PN/A system treating synthetic wastewater containing a widely-used antibiotic, sulfadiazine (SDZ). Results showed that maximum total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 86.1% and SDZ removal efficiency of 95.1% could be achieved when treating 5 mg/L SDZ under DO conditions of 0.5-0.6 mg/L. Compared to anammox bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) made a major contribution to SDZ degradation through their cometabolic pathway. A strong correlation between amoA gene and SDZ removal efficiency was found (p < 0.01). In addition, the degradation products of SDZ did not exhibit any inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli. The findings suggest that it is promising to apply the PN/A process to simultaneously remove antibiotics and nitrogen from contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Hong Yao
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Bingzheng Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Xia
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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19
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Rahimi S, Modin O, Mijakovic I. Technologies for biological removal and recovery of nitrogen from wastewater. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107570. [PMID: 32531318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water contamination is a growing environmental issue. Several harmful effects on human health and the environment are attributed to nitrogen contamination of water sources. Consequently, many countries have strict regulations on nitrogen compound concentrations in wastewater effluents. Wastewater treatment is carried out using energy- and cost-intensive biological processes, which convert nitrogen compounds into innocuous dinitrogen gas. On the other hand, nitrogen is also an essential nutrient. Artificial fertilizers are produced by fixing dinitrogen gas from the atmosphere, in an energy-intensive chemical process. Ideally, we should be able to spend less energy and chemicals to remove nitrogen from wastewater and instead recover a fraction of it for use in fertilizers and similar applications. In this review, we present an overview of various technologies of biological nitrogen removal including nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), as well as bioelectrochemical systems and microalgal growth for nitrogen recovery. We highlighted the nitrogen removal efficiency of these systems at different temperatures and operating conditions. The advantages, practical challenges, and potential for nitrogen recovery of different treatment methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Rahimi
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Vassalle L, García-Galán MJ, Aquino SF, Afonso RJDCF, Ferrer I, Passos F, R Mota C. Can high rate algal ponds be used as post-treatment of UASB reactors to remove micropollutants? CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:125969. [PMID: 32041061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the removal capacity of a UASB-HRAP treatment system, combining anaerobic and microalgae-based, aerobic treatment, for eleven organic micropollutants present in raw sewage, including pharmaceuticals, estrogens and xenoestrogens. The UASB reactor and the HRAP were operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7 h and 8 days, respectively. Influent and effluent samples from the UASB and HRAP were collected periodically. All the target compounds were detected in raw sewage, with an occurrence ranging from 70 to 100%. Removal rates in the UASB reactor were generally incomplete, ranging from no removal (-25.12% for the hormone EE2-ethinylestradiol) to 84.91% (E2 - estradiol). However, the overall performance of the UASB + HRAP system was highly efficient for the majority of the compounds, with removal rates ranging from 64.8% (ibuprofen) to 95% (estrone). Gemfibrozil and bisphenol A were the only exceptions, with overall removal rates of 39% and 43%, respectively. Hormones were the compounds with the highest removal rates in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vassalle
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Jesús García-Galán
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sérgio F Aquino
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabiana Passos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cesar R Mota
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Rehrl AL, Golovko O, Ahrens L, Köhler S. Spatial and seasonal trends of organic micropollutants in Sweden's most important drinking water reservoir. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126168. [PMID: 32086062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate the occurrence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the surface water in Lake Mälaren over a period of one year and assess the spatial (horizontal and vertical) distribution and seasonal trends of OMPs. The applied multi-residue method comprised 111 OMPs covering compounds with wide range of physicalal-chemical properties. In total, 46 OMPs were detected at least once above limit of quantification (LOQ). DEET (diethyltoluamide), lamotrigine, bicalutamide, tolyltriazole, caffeine, carbamazepine, metoprolol, oxazepam, cetirizine, fexofenadine, lidocaine and tramadol were detected in more than 75% of the sampling points. The highest detected concentration was found for lamotrigine with 140 ng/L. The locations Ekoln and Västeråsfjärden were identified to be most affected by OMPs pollution. In the surface water (0.5 m depth) most highest concentrations of OMPs were observed in spring and lower concentrations in summer. Antihistamine demonstrated a seasonal trend that can be related to seasonal consumption patterns. The investigation of the vertical distribution of OMPs demonstrated that thermal lake stratification can lead to different concentrations within the water column. For instance, in February the highest concentration for most OMPs was observed in the deepest sampled water depth (30 m). Two industrial chemicals, tolyltriazole and tris(2-butoxylethyl)phosphate were detected frequently and it is recommended to incorporate these compounds more regularly in future analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one to report the occurrence and distribution of OMPs representing such wide physico-chemical properties, including industrial chemicals, in a Swedish lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Rehrl
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oksana Golovko
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Gros M, Ahrens L, Levén L, Koch A, Dalahmeh S, Ljung E, Lundin G, Jönsson H, Eveborn D, Wiberg K. Pharmaceuticals in source separated sanitation systems: Fecal sludge and blackwater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135530. [PMID: 31767294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated, for the first time, the occurrence and fate of 29 multiple-class pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in two source separated sanitation systems based on: (i) batch experiments for the anaerobic digestion (AD) of fecal sludge under mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (52 °C) conditions, and (ii) a full-scale blackwater treatment plant using wet composting and sanitation with urea addition. Results revealed high concentrations of PhACs in raw fecal sludge and blackwater samples, with concentrations up to hundreds of μg L-1 and μg kg-1 dry weight (dw) in liquid and solid fractions, respectively. For mesophilic and thermophilic treatments in the batch experiments, average PhACs removal rates of 31% and 45%, respectively, were observed. The average removal efficiency was slightly better for the full-scale blackwater treatment, with 49% average removal, and few compounds, such as atenolol, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide, showed almost complete degradation. In the AD treatments, no significant differences were observed between mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. For the full-scale blackwater treatment, the aerobic wet composting step proved to be the most efficient in PhACs reduction, while urea addition had an almost negligible effect for most PhACs, except for citalopram, venlafaxine, oxazepam, valsartan and atorvastatin, for which minor reductions (on average 25%) were observed. Even though both treatment systems reduced initial PhACs loads considerably, significant PhAC concentrations remained in the treated effluents, indicating that fecal sludge and blackwater fertilizations could be a relevant vector for dissemination of PhACs into agricultural fields and thus the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Gros
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lotta Levén
- Agrifood and Bioscience, Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alina Koch
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sahar Dalahmeh
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emelie Ljung
- Agrifood and Bioscience, Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Lundin
- SP Process Development, Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Håkan Jönsson
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Eveborn
- Agrifood and Bioscience, Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Wiberg
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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Nsenga Kumwimba M, Lotti T, Şenel E, Li X, Suanon F. Anammox-based processes: How far have we come and what work remains? A review by bibliometric analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124627. [PMID: 31548173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen contamination remains a severe environmental problem and a major threat to sustainable development worldwide. A systematic analysis of the literature indicates that the partial nitritation-anammox (PN/AMX) process is still actively studied as a viable option for energy-efficient and feasible technology for the sustainable treatment of N- rich wastewaters, since its initial discovery in 1990. Notably, the mainstream PN/AMX process application remains the most challenging bottleneck in AMX technology and fascinates the world's attention in AMX studies. This paper discusses the recent trends and developments of PN/AMX research and analyzes the results of recent years of research on the PN/AMX from lab-to full-scale applications. The findings would deeply improve our understanding of the major challenges under mainstream conditions and next-stage research on the PN/AMX process. A great deal of efforts has been made in the process engineering, PN/AMX bacteria populations, predictive modeling, and the full-scale implementations during the past 22 years. A series of new and excellent experimental findings at lab, pilot and full-scale levels including good nitrogen removal performance even under low temperature (15-10 °C) around the world were achieved. To date, pilot- and full-scale PN/AMX have been successfully used to treat different types of industrial sewage, including black wastewater, sludge digester liquids, landfill leachate, monosodium glutamate wastewater, etc. Supplementing the qualitative analysis, this review also provides a quantitative bibliometrics study and evaluates global perspectives on PN/AMX research published during the past 22 years. Finally, general trends in the development of PN/AMX research are summarized with the aim of conveying potential future trajectories. The current review offers a valuable orientation and global overview for scientists, engineers, readers and decision makers presently focusing on PN/AMX processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nsenga Kumwimba
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Lubumbashi, Congo
| | - Tommaso Lotti
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Engin Şenel
- Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Xuyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Fidèle Suanon
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Alvarino T, Allegue T, Fernandez-Gonzalez N, Suarez S, Lema JM, Garrido JM, Omil F. Minimization of dissolved methane, nitrogen and organic micropollutants emissions of effluents from a methanogenic reactor by using a preanoxic MBR post-treatment system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 671:165-174. [PMID: 30928746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of a hybrid membrane bioreactor (MBR) post-treatment system is proposed as a cost-efficient technology in order to minimize the environmental impact of anaerobic effluents, treating low-strength sewage at room temperature, such as their high nitrogen content and the presence of dissolved methane. In this research, nitrite was externally added at different concentrations into the anoxic compartment, providing an extra electron acceptor besides the existing nitrate, to evaluate its effect on denitrification, methane oxidation and OMPs removal processes. The nitrite addition significantly improved the denitrification potential of the system, achieving nitrogen removals up to 35 mg TN L-1. Moreover, higher nitrite concentrations clearly promoted an increase in the removal of some organic micropollutants (OMPs) such as diclofenac (DCF), ethinylestradiol (EE2), triclosan (TCS) and ibuprofen (IBP). Nevertheless, methane removal efficiencies or rates were not affected by this fact. Finally, COD and ammonium removals higher than 99 and 91% were observed during the entire operation, respectively. Based on the results, a future strategy in which ammonium is partially oxidized to nitrite could result in better nitrogen and OMPs removals for the proposed technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alvarino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Allegue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - N Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Suarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J M Lema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J M Garrido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Omil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Nurmi TMA, Kiljunen TK, Knuutinen JS. A fugacity model assessment of ibuprofen, diclofenac, carbamazepine, and their transformation product concentrations in an aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:328-341. [PMID: 30397752 PMCID: PMC6318256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
An updated version of FATEMOD, a multimedia fugacity model for environmental fate of organic chemicals, was set up to assess environmental behaviour of three pharmaceuticals in northern Lake Päijänne, Finland. Concentrations of ibuprofen, diclofenac, and carbamazepine were estimated at various depths at two sites: near a wastewater treatment plant and 3.5 km downstream the plant. When compared with environmental sampling data from corresponding depths and sites, the predicted concentrations, ranging from nanograms to hundreds of nanograms per litre, were found to be in good agreement. Weather data were utilised with the model to rationalise the effects of various environmental parameters on the sampling results, and, e.g. the roles of various properties of lake dynamics and photodegradation were identified. The new model also enables simultaneous assessment of transformation products. Environmentally formed transformation product concentrations were estimated to be at highest an order of magnitude lower than those of the parent compounds, and unlikely to reach a detectable level. However, a possibility that conjugates of ibuprofen are present at higher levels than the parent compound was identified. Simulation results suggest that environmental degradation half-lives of the inspected contaminants under stratified lake conditions are in the range of some weeks to months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas M A Nurmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Toni K Kiljunen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha S Knuutinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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26
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Arias A, Alvarino T, Allegue T, Suárez S, Garrido JM, Omil F. An innovative wastewater treatment technology based on UASB and IFAS for cost-efficient macro and micropollutant removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 359:113-120. [PMID: 30014906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An innovative process based on the combination of a UASB reactor and an IFAS system is proposed in order to combine different redox conditions and biomass conformations to promote a high microbial diversity. The objective of this configuration is to enhance the biological removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) as well as to achieve the abatement of nitrogen by using the dissolved methane as an inexpensive electron donor. Results showed high removals of COD (93%) and dissolved methane present in the UASB effluent (up to 85%) was biodegraded by a consortium of aerobic methanotrophs and heterotrophic denitrifiers. Total nitrogen removal decreased slightly along the operation (from 44 to 33%), depending on the availability of electron donor, biomass concentration, and configuration (floccules and biofilm). A high removal was achieved in the hybrid system (>80%) for 6 of the studied OMPs. Sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, naproxen, and estradiol were readily biotransformed under anaerobic conditions, whereas ibuprofen or bisphenol A were removed in the anoxic-aerobic compartment. Evidence of the cometabolic biotransformation of OMPs has been found, such as the influence of nitrification activity on the removal of bisphenol A, and of the denitrification activity on ethinylestradiol removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
| | - T Alvarino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
| | - T Allegue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
| | - S Suárez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
| | - J M Garrido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
| | - F Omil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain.
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Li J, Li J, Gao R, Wang M, Yang L, Wang X, Zhang L, Peng Y. A critical review of one-stage anammox processes for treating industrial wastewater: Optimization strategies based on key functional microorganisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:498-505. [PMID: 30017367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The one-stage nitritation/anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process is an energy-saving technology, which has been successfully developed and widely applied to treat industrial wastewaters. For the one-stage nitritation/anammox process, key functional microbes generally include anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and heterotrophic bacteria (HB). Cooperation and competition among the key functional microbes are critical to the stability and performance of anammox process. Based upon key functional microorganisms, this review summarizes and discusses the optimized strategies that promote the operation of one-stage nitritation/anammox process. In particular, the review focuses on strategies related to: (1) the retention of anammox biomass through granular sludge or biofilm, (2) the balanced relationship between AOB and AnAOB, (3) the NOB suppression and (4) the HB management by controlling the influent organic matter. In addition, the review proposes further research to address the existing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Ruitao Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Ming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Lan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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Garrido-Baserba M, Vinardell S, Molinos-Senante M, Rosso D, Poch M. The Economics of Wastewater Treatment Decentralization: A Techno-economic Evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:8965-8976. [PMID: 29965740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The existing wastewater treatment infrastructure has not adequately established an efficient and sustainable use of energy, water, and nutrients. A proposed scheme based on source separation and water-efficient use is compared to the current wastewater management paradigm (one largely based on activated sludge) using techno-economic terms. This paper explores the economic viability of adopting more sustainable management alternatives and expands the understanding of the economics of decentralization and source-separation. The feasibility of three different potential types of source-separation (with different levels of decentralization) are compared to the conventional centralized activated sludge process by using recognized economic assessment methodologies together with widely accepted modeling tools. The alternatives were evaluated for two common scenarios: new developments and retrofit due to the aging of existing infrastructures. The results prove that source-separated alternatives can be competitive options despite existing drawbacks (only when countable incomes are included), while the hybrid approach resulted in the least cost-effective solution. A detailed techno-economic evaluation of the costs of decentralization provides insight into the current constraints concerning the paradigm shift and the cost of existing technologic inertia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Garrido-Baserba
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , University of California , Irvine , California 92697-2175 , United States
- Water-Energy Nexus Center , University of California , Irvine , California 92697-2175 , United States
| | - Sergi Vinardell
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment , University of Girona , Girona , E-17071 , Spain
| | - María Molinos-Senante
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , Santiago , Chile
- Center for Sustainable Urban Development , CONICYT/FONDAP/15110020, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Diego Rosso
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , University of California , Irvine , California 92697-2175 , United States
- Water-Energy Nexus Center , University of California , Irvine , California 92697-2175 , United States
| | - Manel Poch
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment , University of Girona , Girona , E-17071 , Spain
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29
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Cunha JR, Tervahauta T, van der Weijden RD, Hernández Leal L, Zeeman G, Buisman CJN. Simultaneous recovery of calcium phosphate granules and methane in anaerobic treatment of black water: Effect of bicarbonate and calcium fluctuations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 216:399-405. [PMID: 28899571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) granules were discovered in the anaerobic treatment of vacuum collected black water (BW), using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) technology. This allows simultaneous recovery of CaP granules and methane in the UASB reactor. However, the role of BW composition on CaP granulation is not yet understood. Moreover, CaP granulation was not observed in previous research on anaerobic treatment of BW, although similar treatment conditions were applied. Therefore, this study shows specifically the influence of bicarbonate and calcium fluctuations in BW on the phosphorus accumulation in the UASB reactor, which directly affects CaP granulation. Without calcium addition, 5% of the total phosphorus (P) fed was found as CaP granules in the reactor (61 mgP g-1dried matter), after 260 days of operation. Simultaneously, 65% of the COD in BW was efficiently converted into methane at 25 °C. Variations of bicarbonate and calcium concentrations in raw BW showed a significant influence on phosphorus accumulation in the UASB reactor. Geochemical modelling showed that the increase of soluble calcium from 39 to 54 mg L-1 in BW triggers supersaturation for calcium phosphate precursors (Cax(PO4)y). Concurrently, bicarbonate decreased from 2.7 to 1.2 g L-1, increasing further the ionic activity of calcium. Formation and accumulation of seed particles possibly enhanced CaP granulation. Preliminary results showed that addition of calcium (Ca2+/PO43- molar ratio of 3) increased the accumulation of total P in the UASB reactor to more than 85%. This further increases the granulation rate and consequently, the process feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Cunha
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - T Tervahauta
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - R D van der Weijden
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - L Hernández Leal
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - C J N Buisman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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30
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Kassotaki E, Pijuan M, Joss A, Borrego CM, Rodriguez-Roda I, Buttiglieri G. Unraveling the potential of a combined nitritation-anammox biomass towards the biodegradation of pharmaceutically active compounds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:722-731. [PMID: 29272841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, anaerobic ammonium oxidation-based processes have attracted a lot of attention for their implementation at the mainstream line of wastewater treatment plants, due to the possibility of leading to energy autarky if combined with anaerobic digestion. However, little is known about the potential degradation of micropollutants by the microbial groups responsible of these processes and the few results available are inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the degradation capability of biomass withdrawn from a combined nitritation/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (combined N/A) pilot plant towards five pharmaceutically active compounds (ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole, metoprolol, venlafaxine and carbamazepine). Batch experiments were performed under different conditions by selectively activating or inhibiting different microbial groups: i) regular combined N/A operation, ii) aerobic (optimal for nitrifying bacteria), iii) aerobic with allylthiourea (an inhibitor of ammonia monooxygenase, enzyme of ammonia oxidizing bacteria), iv) anoxic (optimal for anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria), v) aerobic with acetate (optimal for heterotrophic bacteria) and vi) anoxic with acetate (optimal for heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria). Ibuprofen was the most biodegradable compound being significantly degraded (49-100%) under any condition except heterotrophic denitrification. Sulfamethoxazole, exhibited the highest removal (70%) under optimal conditions for nitrifying bacteria but in the rest of the experiments anoxic conditions were found to be slightly more favorable (up to 58%). For metoprolol the highest performance was obtained under anoxic conditions favoring anammox bacteria (62%). Finally, carbamazepine and venlafaxine were hardly removed (≤10% in the majority of cases). Taken together, these results suggest the specificity of different microbial groups that in combination with alternating operational parameters can lead to enhanced removal of some micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet Kassotaki
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Maite Pijuan
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Adriano Joss
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Carles M Borrego
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; Group of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain.
| | - Gianluigi Buttiglieri
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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31
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Wang H, Zhu S, Qu B, Zhang Y, Fan B. Anaerobic treatment of source-separated domestic bio-wastes with an improved upflow solid reactor at a short HRT. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 66:255-264. [PMID: 29628093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment is the core technology for resource and energy recovery from source-separated domestic bio-wastes. The higher efficiency of an improved upflow solid reactor (IUSR) designed in this study was demonstrated in the treatment of concentrated black water and kitchen waste. The highest methane production of 48L/person/day was achieved at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7days, while the other measures of performance at the HRT of 8.3days were better than at the HRT of 7 or 10days, achieving a methane production of 43L/person/day, removal of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) of 89%, removal of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of 92%, and conversion of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to methane of 71%. It is not recommended to decrease HRT lower than 7days due to the instability of the initial period. The concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in the IUSR were less than 10mg/L, indicating that the anaerobic process was stable. Sludge bed development showed that sludge bed with high microbial activity was formed in the bottom and that the precipitation zone of effluents formed should preferably occupy 30% of the height of the IUSR. The effluents of the IUSR could be used for irrigation in agriculture in combination with a settling tank accompanied by disinfection to remove solids and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Shikun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
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Butkovskyi A, Sevenou L, Meulepas RJW, Hernandez Leal L, Zeeman G, Rijnaarts HHM. Micropollutant removal from black water and grey water sludge in a UASB-GAC reactor. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:1137-1148. [PMID: 29488977 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of granular activated carbon (GAC) addition on the removal of diclofenac, ibuprofen, metoprolol, galaxolide and triclosan in a up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was studied. Prior to the reactor studies, batch experiments indicated that addition of activated carbon to UASB sludge can decrease micropollutant concentrations in both liquid phase and sludge. In continuous experiments, two UASB reactors were operated for 260 days at an HRT of 20 days, using a mixture of source separated black water and sludge from aerobic grey water treatment as influent. GAC (5.7 g per liter of reactor volume) was added to one of the reactors on day 138. No significant difference in COD removal and biogas production between reactors with and without GAC addition was observed. In the presence of GAC, fewer micropollutants were washed out with the effluent and a lower accumulation of micropollutants in sludge and particulate organic matter occurred, which is an advantage in micropollutant emission reduction from wastewater. However, the removal of micropollutants by adding GAC to a UASB reactor would require more activated carbon compared to effluent post-treatment. Additional research is needed to estimate the effect of bioregeneration on the lifetime of activated carbon in a UASB-GAC reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butkovskyi
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands E-mail: ; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - L Sevenou
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - R J W Meulepas
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - L Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands E-mail:
| | - H H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands E-mail:
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33
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Li H, Yao H, Zhang D, Zuo L, Ren J, Ma J, Pei J, Xu Y, Yang C. Short- and long-term effects of manganese, zinc and copper ions on nitrogen removal in nitritation-anammox process. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:479-488. [PMID: 29156333 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study provided a deep insight into the impacts of trace elements (Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+) on nitritation-anammox process. For short-term exposure, all the three elements could improve the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) and the optimal concentrations were 2.0 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L for Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+, respectively. Accordingly, the NRRs were enhanced 54.62%, 45.93% and 44.09%. The long-term experiments were carried out in lab-scale sequencing batch reactors. The surprising results showed that only Mn2+ addition could enhance the long-term nitritation-anammox process, and the NRR increased from 0.35 ± 0.01 kg N/m3/d (control, no extra trace element addition) to 0.49 ± 0.03 kg N/m3/d. Vice versa, the amendment of Zn2+ reduced the NRR to 0.28 ± 0.02 kg N/m3/d, and Cu2+ had no significant effect on the NRR (0.36 ± 0.01 kg N/m3/d). From the analysis of microbial community structure, it was explained by the increasing abundance of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) only in Mn2+ treatment, whereas Zn2+ predominantly promoted ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Additionally, the majority of Mn2+ was identified inside AnAOB cells, and Zn2+ and Cu2+ were mainly located in AOB. Our results indicated the synergistic effects of trace elements on nitritation-anammox, both short-term encouraging activities of AnAOB and long-term altering microbial community structure. This work implies the importance of trace elements addition in nitritation-anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 2YQ, UK
| | - Lushen Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Pei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Yue Q, Yang K, Zhao P, Gao B. Enhanced phosphorus and ciprofloxacin removal in a modified BAF system by configuring Fe-C micro electrolysis: Investigation on pollutants removal and degradation mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:705-714. [PMID: 28917199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A modified biological aerated filter (BAF) system configured Fe-C micro electrolysis was applied to enhance phosphorus and ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal. A novel sludge ceramic and sintering ferric-carbon ceramic (SFC) were separately packed into a lab-scale BAF and Fe-C micro electrolysis reactor. The BAF and Fe-C micro electrolysis coupled system was operated about 230days. The enhancement of phosphorus and ciprofloxacin removals by Fe-C micro electrolysis, the degradation mechanisms of CIP and the variations of microbial population were investigated. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), ammonia (NH4-N), total phosphorus (TP) and CIP reached about 95%, 95%, 80% and 85% in the combined process, respectively. Configuring Fe-C micro electrolysis significantly enhanced phosphorus and CIP removal, whereas had no promotion on N removal. Four main degradation pathways were proposed according to the LC-MS analysis. More than 12 degradation products were detected through the treatment of Fe-C micro electrolysis and only 3 biodegraded products with low concentration were identified in BAF effluent. The high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the microbial community changed a lot under CIP pressure. The relative abundance of Sphingomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Bradyrhizobium, Helicobacter and Pseudomonas increased with CIP influent. This study provides a promising process in CIP wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Kunlun Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pin Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Tahar A, Tiedeken EJ, Clifford E, Cummins E, Rowan N. Development of a semi-quantitative risk assessment model for evaluating environmental threat posed by the three first EU watch-list pharmaceuticals to urban wastewater treatment plants: An Irish case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 603-604:627-638. [PMID: 28654878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of receiving waters with pharmaceutical compounds is of pressing concern. This constitutes the first study to report on the development of a semi-quantitative risk assessment (RA) model for evaluating the environmental threat posed by three EU watch list pharmaceutical compounds namely, diclofenac, 17-beta-estradiol and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol, to aquatic ecosystems using Irish data as a case study. This RA model adopts the Irish Environmental Protection Agency Source-Pathway-Receptor concept to define relevant parameters for calculating low, medium or high risk score for each agglomeration of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which include catchment, treatments, operational and management factors. This RA model may potentially be used on a national scale to (i) identify WWTPs that pose a particular risk as regards releasing disproportionally high levels of these pharmaceutical compounds, and (ii) help identify priority locations for introducing or upgrading control measures (e.g. tertiary treatment, source reduction). To assess risks for these substances of emerging concern, the model was applied to 16 urban WWTPs located in different regions in Ireland that were scored for the three different compounds and ranked as low, medium or high risk. As a validation proxy, this case study used limited monitoring data recorded at some these plants receiving waters. It is envisaged that this semi-quantitative RA approach may aid other EU countries investigate and screen for potential risks where limited measured or predicted environmental pollutant concentrations and/or hydrological data are available. This model is semi-quantitative, as other factors such as influence of climate change and drug usage or prescription data will need to be considered in a future point for estimating and predicting risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Tahar
- Bioscience Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland.
| | - Erin Jo Tiedeken
- Bioscience Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland; National Biodiversity Data Centre, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Eoghan Clifford
- College of Engineering and informatics, Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Enda Cummins
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neil Rowan
- Bioscience Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland
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Polesel F, Torresi E, Loreggian L, Casas ME, Christensson M, Bester K, Plósz BG. Removal of pharmaceuticals in pre-denitrifying MBBR - Influence of organic substrate availability in single- and three-stage configurations. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 123:408-419. [PMID: 28689125 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limited efficiency of conventional biological treatment, innovative solutions are being explored to improve the removal of trace organic chemicals in wastewater. Controlling biomass exposure to growth substrate represents an appealing option for process optimization, as substrate availability likely impacts microbial activity, hence organic trace chemical removal. This study investigated the elimination of pharmaceuticals in pre-denitrifying moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), where biofilm exposure to different organic substrate loading and composition was controlled by reactor staging. A three-stage MBBR and a single-stage reference MBBR (with the same operating volume and filling ratio) were operated under continuous-flow conditions (18 months). Two sets of batch experiments (day 100 and 471) were performed to quantify and compare pharmaceutical removal and denitrification kinetics in the different MBBRs. Experimental results revealed the possible influence of retransformation (e.g., from conjugated metabolites) and enantioselectivity on the removal of selected pharmaceuticals. In the second set of experiments, specific trends in denitrification and biotransformation kinetics were observed, with highest and lowest rates/rate constants in the first (S1) and the last (S3) staged sub-reactors, respectively. These observations were confirmed by removal efficiency data obtained during continuous-flow operation, with limited removal (<10%) of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals and highest removal in S1 within the three-stage MBBR. Notably, biotransformation rate constants obtained for non-recalcitrant pharmaceuticals correlated with mean specific denitrification rates, maximum specific growth rates and observed growth yield values. Overall, these findings suggest that: (i) the long-term exposure to tiered substrate accessibility in the three-stage configuration shaped the denitrification and biotransformation capacity of biofilms, with significant reduction under substrate limitation; (ii) biotransformation of pharmaceuticals may have occurred as a result of cometabolism by heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Polesel
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Elena Torresi
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Veolia Water Technologies AB, AnoxKaldnes, Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - Luca Loreggian
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Environmental Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mònica Escolà Casas
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Magnus Christensson
- Veolia Water Technologies AB, AnoxKaldnes, Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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37
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Kristofco LA, Brooks BW. Global scanning of antihistamines in the environment: Analysis of occurrence and hazards in aquatic systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 592:477-487. [PMID: 28325591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Concentration of the global population is increasingly occurring in megacities and other developing regions, where access to medicines is increasing more rapidly than waste management systems are implemented. Because freshwater and coastal systems are influenced by wastewater effluent discharges of differential quality, exposures in aquatic systems must be considered. Here, we performed a global scanning assessment of antihistamines (AHs), a common class of medicines, in surface waters and effluents. Antihistamines were identified, literature occurrence and ecotoxicology data on AHs collated, therapeutic hazard values (THVs) calculated, and environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) of AHs compared to ecotoxicity thresholds and drug specific THVs to estimate hazards in surface waters and effluents. Literature searches of 62 different AHs in environmental matrices identified 111 unique occurrence publications of 24 specific AHs, largely from Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. However, the majority of surface water (63%) and effluent (85%) observations were from Europe and North America, which highlights relatively limited information from many regions, including developing countries and rapidly urbanizing areas in Africa, Latin America and Asia. Less than 10% of all observations were for estuarine or marine systems, though the majority of human populations reside close to coastal habitats. EED 5th and 95th centiles for all AHs were 2 and 212ng/L in surface water, 5 and 1308ng/L in effluent and 6 and 4287ng/L in influent, respectively. Unfortunately, global hazards and risks of AHs to non-target species remain poorly understood. However, loratadine observations in surface waters exceeded a THV without an uncertainty factor 40% of the time, indicating future research is needed to understand aquatic toxicology, hazards and risks associated with this AH. This unique global scanning study further illustrates the utility of global assessments of pharmaceuticals and other contaminants to identify chemicals requiring toxicology study and regions where environmental monitoring, assessment and management efforts appear limited and necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Kristofco
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
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38
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Butkovskyi A, Leal LH, Zeeman G, Rijnaarts HHM. Micropollutants in source separated wastewater streams and recovered resources of source separated sanitation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:434-442. [PMID: 28410521 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The quality of anaerobic sludge and struvite from black water treatment system, aerobic sludge from grey water treatment system and effluents of both systems was assessed for organic micropollutant content in order to ensure safety when reusing these products. Use of anaerobic black water sludge and struvite as soil amendments is recommended based on the low micropollutant content. Aerobic grey water sludge is recommended for disposal, because of the relatively high micropollutant concentrations, exceeding those in sewage sludge. Effluents of black and grey water treatment systems require post-treatment prior to reuse, because the measured micropollutant concentrations in the effluents are above ecotoxicological thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butkovskyi
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - L Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - H H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Yao S, Chen L, Guan D, Zhang Z, Tian X, Wang A, Wang G, Yao Q, Peng D, Li J. On-site nutrient recovery and removal from source-separated urine by phosphorus precipitation and short-cut nitrification-denitrification. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:210-218. [PMID: 28222375 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Source separation and treatment of human urine have been recognized as a resource-efficient alternative to conventional urban drainage, not only reducing nutrient loads on municipal wastewater treatment plants, but recovering valuable resources from waste streams. In this work, on-site phosphorus (P) recovery from real urine was carried out by using the brine from a reverse osmosis process as the flush water for urine-diverting toilets and a P precipitant, while nitrogen (N) was removed via short-cut nitrification-denitrification (SCND) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR). More than 90% of P was recovered by mixing the urine with reverse osmosis brine (1:1, v/v) under the condition of pH > 9.0. The recovered precipitates contained 10-15% of P and can potentially be reused for phosphate fertilizer production. Stable SCND was achieved in a MBR, and 45% of N was removed with the organic compounds in urine as the electron donor for denitrification. Methanol addition significantly elevated denitrification, which in turn replenished the alkalinity required for nitrification. More than 99% of P, 90% of organics and 90% of N were removed in the combined precipitation and MBR process. Nitrosomonas was observed to be the predominant ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were absent in the microbial communities as revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and pyrosequencing technique. High concentrations of free ammonia and nitrite acids, as well as low dissolved oxygen, are the prevailing factors to inhibit the growth of NOB, which allows for stable operation of SCND in the MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yao
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Detian Guan
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Tian
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Guotian Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Qian Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Dangcong Peng
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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Butkovskyi A, Rijnaarts HHM, Zeeman G, Hernandez Leal L. Fate of personal care and household products in source separated sanitation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 320:427-434. [PMID: 27585275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Removal of twelve micropollutants, namely biocides, fragrances, ultraviolet (UV)-filters and preservatives in source separated grey and black water treatment systems was studied. All compounds were present in influent grey water in μg/l range. Seven compounds were found in influent black water. Their removal in an aerobic activated sludge system treating grey water ranged from 59% for avobenzone to >99% for hexylcinnamaldehyde. High concentrations of hydrophobic micropollutants in sludge of aerobic activated sludge system indicated the importance of sorption for their removal. Six micropollutants were found in sludge of an Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating black water, with four of them being present at significantly higher concentrations after addition of grey water sludge to the reactor. Hence, addition of grey water sludge to the UASB reactor is likely to increase micropollutant content in UASB sludge. This approach should not be followed when excess UASB sludge is designed to be reused as soil amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butkovskyi
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - H H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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Estrada-Arriaga EB, Cortés-Muñoz JE, González-Herrera A, Calderón-Mólgora CG, de Lourdes Rivera-Huerta M, Ramírez-Camperos E, Montellano-Palacios L, Gelover-Santiago SL, Pérez-Castrejón S, Cardoso-Vigueros L, Martín-Domínguez A, García-Sánchez L. Assessment of full-scale biological nutrient removal systems upgraded with physico-chemical processes for the removal of emerging pollutants present in wastewaters from Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:1172-1182. [PMID: 27457673 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two full-scale biological nutrient removal systems upgraded with three physico-chemical processes (coagulation, chemical precipitation, and neutral Fenton) were evaluated in order to determine the removal of emerging pollutants (EPs) present in municipal wastewater from Mexico. Between 41 and 55 EPs were detected in the influents of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), including personal care products (PPCPs), antibiotics, analgesics, antiepileptics, antilipidemics, antihypertensives, antiseptics, stimulants, and hormones. Emerging pollutants were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.69ng/L to 94,600ng/L. High concentrations of emerging pollutants were found during dry season. WWTP 1, integrated by oxidation ditches and UV light lamps, showed removal efficiencies of EPs between 20% and 22%. On the other hand, WWTP 2 consisted of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic tanks coupled with two disinfection processes; chlorine dioxide and UV light lamps, for which the removal of EPs was significant (up to 80%). The concentrations of emerging pollutants in WWTP 1 effluent was found within a range<limit of quantification (LOQ) to 3770ng/L. For WWTP 2, the concentrations of the emerging pollutants in the effluent were below 210ng/L. WWTP 2 showed high emerging pollutant removals, compared to those of WWTP 1, due to a greater activity of the simultaneous nitrification-denitrification processes, hydraulic retention time, and solids retention time. The compounds that were more persistent with removals below 50% in both effluents were: carbamazepine, dehydronifedipine, meprobamate, sertraline, propranolol, propoxyphene, norverapamil, diazepam, alprazolam, sulfamethoxazole, metoprolol, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, fluoxetine, erythromycin-H2O, diphenhydramine, dehydronifedipine, clarithromycin, hydrochlorothiazide, and albuterol. The application of neutral Fenton reaction as post-treatment for the two effluents from the WWTPs is promising for the removal of emerging pollutants (up to 100%) and for assuring high quality of treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Baltazar Estrada-Arriaga
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico.
| | - Juana Enriqueta Cortés-Muñoz
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Arturo González-Herrera
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - César Guillermo Calderón-Mólgora
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Ma de Lourdes Rivera-Huerta
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Esperanza Ramírez-Camperos
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Leticia Montellano-Palacios
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Silvia Lucila Gelover-Santiago
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Sara Pérez-Castrejón
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Lina Cardoso-Vigueros
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Martín-Domínguez
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
| | - Liliana García-Sánchez
- Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Blvd. Cuauhnahuac 566, Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico
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Huang P, Mukherji ST, Wu S, Muller J, Goel R. Fate of 17β-Estradiol as a model estrogen in source separated urine during integrated chemical P recovery and treatment using partial nitritation-anammox process. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:500-509. [PMID: 27566951 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, research on source separation followed by the treatment of urine and/or resource recovery from human urine has shown promise as an emerging management strategy. Despite contributing only 1% of the total volume of wastewater, human urine contributes about 80% of the nitrogen, 70% of the potassium, and up to 50% of the total phosphorus in wastewater. It is also a known fact that many of the micropollutants, especially selected estrogens, get into municipal wastewater through urine excretion. In this research, we investigated the fate of 17β-estradiol (E2) as a model estrogen during struvite precipitation from synthetic urine followed by the treatment of urine using a partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) system. Single-stage and two-stage suspended growth PN/A configurations were used to remove the nitrogen in urine after struvite precipitation. The results showed an almost 95% phosphorous and 5% nitrogen recovery/removal from the synthetic urine due to struvite precipitation. The single and two stage PN/A processes were able to remove around 50% and 75% of ammonia and nitrogen present in the post struvite urine solution, respectively. After struvite precipitation, more than 95% of the E2 remained in solution and the transformation of E2 to E1 happened during urine storage. Most of the E2 removal that occurred during the PN/A process was due to sorption on the biomass and biodegradation (transformation of E2 to E1, and slow degradation of E1 to other metabolites). These results demonstrate that a combination of chemical and biological unit processes will be needed to recover and manage nutrients in source separated urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 South Campus Drive, MCE 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sachiyo T Mukherji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 South Campus Drive, MCE 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 South Campus Drive, MCE 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - James Muller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, 110 South Campus Drive, MCE 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Laureni M, Falås P, Robin O, Wick A, Weissbrodt DG, Nielsen JL, Ternes TA, Morgenroth E, Joss A. Mainstream partial nitritation and anammox: long-term process stability and effluent quality at low temperatures. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 101:628-639. [PMID: 27348722 PMCID: PMC5250802 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of autotrophic anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes for the removal of nitrogen from municipal wastewater (known as "mainstream anammox") bears the potential to bring wastewater treatment plants close to energy autarky. The aim of the present work was to assess the long-term stability of partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes operating at low temperatures and their reliability in meeting nitrogen concentrations in the range of typical discharge limits below 2 [Formula: see text] and 10 mgNtot·L(-1). Two main 12-L sequencing batch reactors were operated in parallel for PN/A on aerobically pre-treated municipal wastewater (21 ± 5 [Formula: see text] and residual 69 ± 19 mgCODtot·L(-1)) for more than one year, including over 5 months at 15 °C. The two systems consisted of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and a hybrid MBBR (H-MBBR) with flocculent biomass. Operation at limiting oxygen concentrations (0.15-0.18 [Formula: see text] ) allowed stable suppression of the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria at 15 °C with a production of nitrate over ammonium consumed as low as 16% in the MBBR. Promising nitrogen removal rates of 20-40 mgN·L(-1)·d(-1) were maintained at hydraulic retention times of 14 h. Stable ammonium and total nitrogen removal efficiencies over 90% and 70% respectively were achieved. Both reactors reached average concentrations of total nitrogen below 10 mgN·L(-1) in their effluents, even down to 6 mgN·L(-1) for the MBBR, with an ammonium concentration of 2 mgN·L(-1) (set as operational threshold to stop aeration). Furthermore, the two PN/A systems performed almost identically with respect to the biological removal of organic micropollutants and, importantly, to a similar extent as conventional treatments. A sudden temperature drop to 11 °C resulted in significant suppression of anammox activity, although this was rapidly recovered after the temperature was increased back to 15 °C. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene-targeted amplicon sequencing revealed that the anammox guild of the bacterial communities of the two systems was composed of the genus "Candidatus Brocadia". The potential of PN/A systems to compete with conventional treatments for biological nutrients removal both in terms of removal rates and overall effluent quality was proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Laureni
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Per Falås
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Orlane Robin
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INPT) - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques (ENSIACET), 4 allée Emile Monso, CS 44362, 31030 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, NL-2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Eberhard Morgenroth
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Joss
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Zhang ZZ, Xu JJ, Hu HY, Shi ZJ, Ji ZQ, Deng R, Shi ML, Jin RC. Insight into the short- and long-term effects of inorganic phosphate on anammox granule property. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 208:161-169. [PMID: 26943933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The short- and long-term effects of inorganic phosphate on property of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) granule were investigated in this study. Acute exposure to high-level phosphate (⩾50 mM) induced the cytoplasm leakage. During a 195-day continuous-flow operation, the gradually increasing phosphate (up to 500 mgP L(-1)) slightly affected the specific anammox activity, hardly impacted the heme c content, remarkably decreased the extracellular polymeric substances production and significantly stimulated the dehydrogenase activity of anammox granules. Microbial community analysis showed no shift in the dominant anammox strain and higher population but lower relative abundance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria compared to the control granules. Interestingly, novel anammox granules with a hydroxyapatite core were cultivated, which possessed excellent settleability, huge granule diameter and superior mechanical strength. This study supported the application of granule-based anammox process as a pre-processing treatment in phosphate-containing and ammonia-rich wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Zhe Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jia-Jia Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Hai-Yan Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zheng-Quan Ji
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Rui Deng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Man-Ling Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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K'oreje KO, Vergeynst L, Ombaka D, De Wispelaere P, Okoth M, Van Langenhove H, Demeestere K. Occurrence patterns of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater, surface water and groundwater of Nairobi and Kisumu city, Kenya. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 149:238-44. [PMID: 26859608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging organic contaminants have not received a lot of attention in developing countries, particularly Africa, although problems regarding water quantity and quality are often even more severe than in more developed regions. This study presents general water quality parameters as well as unique data on concentrations and loads of 24 pharmaceuticals including antibiotic, anti(retro)viral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and psychiatric drugs in three wastewater treatment plants, three rivers and three groundwater wells in Nairobi and Kisumu. This allowed studying removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment, identifying important sources of pharmaceutical pollution and distinguishing dilution effects from natural attenuation in rivers. In general, antiretrovirals and antibiotics, being important in the treatment of common African diseases such as HIV and malaria, were in all matrices more prevalent as compared to the Western world. Wastewater stabilization ponds removed pharmaceuticals with an efficiency between 11 and 99%. Despite this large range, a different removal is observed for a number of compounds, as compared to more conventional activated sludge systems. Total concentrations in river water (up to 320 μg L(-1)) were similar or exceeded concentrations in untreated wastewater, with domestic discharges from slums, wastewater treatment plant effluent and waste dumpsites identified as important sources. In shallow wells situated next to pit latrines and used for drinking water, the recalcitrant antiretroviral nevirapine was measured at concentrations as high as 1-2 μg L(-1). Overall, distinct pharmaceutical contamination patterns as compared to the Western world can be concluded, which might be a trigger for further research in developing regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K O K'oreje
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Water Resources Management Authority, P.O. Box 45250, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - L Vergeynst
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Ombaka
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Water Resources Management Authority, P.O. Box 45250, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P De Wispelaere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Okoth
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - H Van Langenhove
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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46
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de Wilt A, Butkovskyi A, Tuantet K, Leal LH, Fernandes TV, Langenhoff A, Zeeman G. Micropollutant removal in an algal treatment system fed with source separated wastewater streams. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 304:84-92. [PMID: 26546707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutant removal in an algal treatment system fed with source separated wastewater streams was studied. Batch experiments with the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana grown on urine, anaerobically treated black water and synthetic urine were performed to assess the removal of six spiked pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, ibuprofen, paracetamol, metoprolol, carbamazepine and trimethoprim). Additionally, incorporation of these pharmaceuticals and three estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol and ethinylestradiol) into algal biomass was studied. Biodegradation and photolysis led to 60-100% removal of diclofenac, ibuprofen, paracetamol and metoprolol. Removal of carbamazepine and trimethoprim was incomplete and did not exceed 30% and 60%, respectively. Sorption to algal biomass accounted for less than 20% of the micropollutant removal. Furthermore, the presence of micropollutants did not inhibit C. sorokiniana growth at applied concentrations. Algal treatment systems allow simultaneous removal of micropollutants and recovery of nutrients from source separated wastewater. Nutrient rich algal biomass can be harvested and applied as fertilizer in agriculture, as lower input of micropollutants to soil is achieved when algal biomass is applied as fertilizer instead of urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoud de Wilt
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrii Butkovskyi
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Kanjana Tuantet
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Tânia V Fernandes
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Grietje Zeeman
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abdullah N, Fulazzaky MA, Yong EL, Yuzir A, Sallis P. Assessing the treatment of acetaminophen-contaminated brewery wastewater by an anaerobic packed-bed reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 168:273-279. [PMID: 26760229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of high-strength organic brewery wastewater with added acetaminophen (AAP) by an anaerobic digester was investigated. An anaerobic packed-bed reactor (APBR) was operated as a continuous process with an organic loading rate of 1.5-g COD per litre per day and a hydraulic retention time of three days. The results of steady-state analysis showed that the greatest APBR performances for removing COD and TOC were as high as 98 and 93%, respectively, even though the anaerobic digestibility after adding the different AAP concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg L(-1) into brewery wastewater can affect the efficiency of organic matter removal. The average CH4 production decreased from 81 to 72% is counterbalanced by the increased CO2 production from 11 to 20% before and after the injection of AAP, respectively. The empirical kinetic models for substrate utilisation and CH4 production were used to predict that, under unfavourable conditions, the performance of the APBR treatment process is able to remove COD with an efficiency of only 6.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Abdullah
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security, Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - Ee Ling Yong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Ali Yuzir
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security, Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Paul Sallis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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48
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Butkovskyi A, Ni G, Hernandez Leal L, Rijnaarts HHM, Zeeman G. Mitigation of micropollutants for black water application in agriculture via composting of anaerobic sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 303:41-47. [PMID: 26513562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The excess sludge from Up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor operated on source separated toilet wastewater is a potential source of nutrients and organic matter. It can be further stabilized and dried by composting and applied as a soil amendment. Presence of pathogens, heavy metals and micropollutants in the compost derived from anaerobic sludge is thus undesirable. This paper focuses on removal of micropollutants, typically present in domestic wastewater, via composting of UASB sludge with waste wood. Estrone, diclofenac, ibuprofen, metoprolol, carbamazepine, galaxolide and triclosan were spiked to a mixture of UASB sludge and waste wood. Their concentrations were monitored during 92 days of composting at controlled temperature conditions. All studied micropollutants were removed at various rates with overall removal ranging from 99.9% for ibuprofen, diclofenac and estrone to 87.8% for carbamazepine. Accumulation of methyltriclosan as by-product of triclosan degradation was observed. The prospects and limitations of the integration of a composting process into Source Separated Sanitation concepts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butkovskyi
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Center of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - G Ni
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Center of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - H H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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49
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Semblante GU, Hai FI, Huang X, Ball AS, Price WE, Nghiem LD. Trace organic contaminants in biosolids: Impact of conventional wastewater and sludge processing technologies and emerging alternatives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 300:1-17. [PMID: 26151380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper critically reviews the fate of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in biosolids, with emphasis on identifying operation conditions that impact the accumulation of TrOCs in sludge during conventional wastewater and sludge treatment and assessing the technologies available for TrOC removal from biosolids. The fate of TrOCs during sludge thickening, stabilisation (e.g. aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion, alkaline stabilisation, and composting), conditioning, and dewatering is elucidated. Operation pH, sludge retention time (SRT), and temperature have significant impact on the sorption and biodegradation of TrOCs in activated sludge that ends up in the sludge treatment line. Anaerobic digestion may exacerbate the estrogenicity of sludge due to bioconversion to more potent metabolites. Application of advanced oxidation or thermal pre-treatment may minimise TrOCs in biosolids by increasing the bioavailability of TrOCs, converting TrOCs into more biodegradable products, or inducing complete mineralisation of TrOCs. Treatment of sludge by bioaugmentation using various bacteria, yeast, or fungus has the potential to reduce TrOC levels in biosolids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galilee U Semblante
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Andrew S Ball
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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50
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Butkovskyi A, Hernandez Leal L, Rijnaarts HHM, Zeeman G. Fate of pharmaceuticals in full-scale source separated sanitation system. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 85:384-392. [PMID: 26364222 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Removal of 14 pharmaceuticals and 3 of their transformation products was studied in a full-scale source separated sanitation system with separate collection and treatment of black water and grey water. Black water is treated in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by oxygen-limited autotrophic nitrification-denitrification in a rotating biological contactor and struvite precipitation. Grey water is treated in an aerobic activated sludge process. Concentration of 10 pharmaceuticals and 2 transformation products in black water ranged between low μg/l to low mg/l. Additionally, 5 pharmaceuticals were also present in grey water in low μg/l range. Pharmaceutical influent loads were distributed over two streams, i.e. diclofenac was present for 70% in grey water, while the other compounds were predominantly associated to black water. Removal in the UASB reactor fed with black water exceeded 70% for 9 pharmaceuticals out of the 12 detected, with only two pharmaceuticals removed by sorption to sludge. Ibuprofen and the transformation product of naproxen, desmethylnaproxen, were removed in the rotating biological contactor. In contrast, only paracetamol removal exceeded 90% in the grey water treatment system while removal of other 7 pharmaceuticals was below 40% or even negative. The efficiency of pharmaceutical removal in the source separated sanitation system was compared with removal in the conventional sewage treatment plants. Furthermore, effluent concentrations of black water and grey water treatment systems were compared with predicted no-effect concentrations to assess toxicity of the effluent. Concentrations of diclofenac, ibuprofen and oxazepam in both effluents were higher than predicted no-effect concentrations, indicating the necessity of post-treatment. Ciprofloxacin, metoprolol and propranolol were found in UASB sludge in μg/g range, while pharmaceutical concentrations in struvite did not exceed the detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butkovskyi
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - L Hernandez Leal
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - H H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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