1
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Iovino P, Lavorgna M, Orlo E, Russo C, De Felice B, Campolattano N, Muscariello L, Fenti A, Chianese S, Isidori M, Musmarra D. An integrated approach for the assessment of the electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac: By-product identification, microbiological and eco-genotoxicological evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168511. [PMID: 37977373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF), a contaminant of emerging concern, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely detected in water bodies, which demonstrated harmful acute and chronic toxicity toward algae, zooplankton and aquatic invertebrates, therefore its removal from impacted water is necessary. DCF is recalcitrant toward traditional treatment technologies, thus, innovative approaches are required. Among them, electrochemical oxidation (EO) has shown promising results. In this research, an innovative multidisciplinary approach is proposed to assess the electrochemical oxidation (EO) of diclofenac from wastewater by integrating the investigations on the removal efficiency and by-product identification with the disinfection capacity and the assessment of the effect on environmental geno-toxicity of by-products generated through the oxidation. The electrochemical treatment successfully degraded DCF by achieving >98 % removal efficiency, operating with NaCl 0.02 M at 50 A m-2. By-product identification analyses showed the formation of five DCF parental compounds generated by decarboxylic and CN cleavage reactions. The disinfection capacity of the EO technique was evaluated by carrying out microbiological tests on pathogens generally found in aquatic environments, including two rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), one rod-shaped Gram-positive bacterium (Bacillus atrophaeus), and one Gram-positive coccus (Enterococcus hirae). Eco-toxicity was evaluated in freshwater organisms (algae, rotifers and crustaceans) belonging to two trophic levels through acute and chronic tests. Genotoxicity tests were carried out by Comet assay, and relative expression levels of catalase, manganese and copper superoxide dismutase genes in crustaceans. Results highlight the effectiveness of EO for the degradation of diclofenac and the inactivation of pathogens; however, the downstream mixture results in being harmful to the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Iovino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - M Lavorgna
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - E Orlo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy.
| | - B De Felice
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - N Campolattano
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - L Muscariello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - A Fenti
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy.
| | - S Chianese
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy
| | - M Isidori
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - D Musmarra
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy
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2
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Li H, Wang K, Xu J, Wu H, Ma Y, Zou R, Song HL. Enhanced removal of antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes by coupling biofilm electrode reactor and manganese ore substrate up-flow microbial fuel cell constructed wetland system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139461. [PMID: 37437616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Manganese ore substrate up-flow microbial fuel cell constructed wetland (UCW-MFC(Mn)) as an innovative wastewater treatment technology for purifying antibiotics and electricity generation with few antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) generation has attracted attention. However, antibiotic purifying effects should be further enhanced. In this study, a biofilm electrode reactor (BER) that needs direct current driving was powered by a Mn ore anode (UCW-MFC(Mn)) to form a coupled system without requiring direct-current source. Removal efficiencies of sulfadiazine (SDZ), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and the corresponding ARGs in the coupled system were compared with composite (BER was powered by direct-current source) and anaerobic systems (both of BER and UCW-MFC were in open circuit mode). The result showed that higher antibiotic removal efficiency (94% for SDZ and 99.1% for CIP) in the coupled system was achieved than the anaerobic system (88.5% for SDZ and 98.2% for CIP). Moreover, electrical stimulation reduced antibiotic selective pressure and horizontal gene transfer potential in BER, and UCW-MFC further reduced ARG abundances by strengthening the electro-adsorption of ARG hosts determined by Network analysis. Bacterial community diversity continuously decreased in BER while it increased in UCW-MFC, indicating that BER mitigated the toxicity of antibiotic. Degree of modularity, some functional bacteria (antibiotic degrading bacteria, fermentative bacteria and EAB), and P450 enzyme related to antibiotic and xenobiotics biodegradation genes were enriched in electric field existing UCW-MFC, accounting for the higher degradation efficiency. In conclusion, this study provided an effective strategy for removing antibiotics and ARGs in wastewater by operating a BER-UCW-MFC coupled system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Jiale Xu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Huifang Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - YuanJiXiang Ma
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Rusen Zou
- Department of Sustain, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
| | - Hai-Liang Song
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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3
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Wang J, de Ridder D, Sutton NB, Poursat BAJ, Saha P, van der Wal A. The abiotic removal of organic micropollutants with iron and manganese oxides in rapid sand filters for groundwater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120146. [PMID: 37270951 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid sand filters (RSFs) have shown potential for removing organic micropollutants (OMPs) from groundwater. However, the abiotic removal mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we collect sand from two field RSFs that are operated in series. The sand from the primary filter abiotically removes 87.5% of salicylic acid, 81.4% of paracetamol, and 80.2% of benzotriazole, while the sand from the secondary filter only removes paracetamol (84.6%). The field collected sand is coated by a blend of iron oxides (FeOx) and manganese oxides (MnOx) combined with organic matter, phosphate, and calcium. FeOx adsorbs salicylic acid via bonding of carboxyl group with FeOx. The desorption of salicylic acid from field sand indicates that salicylic acid is not oxidized by FeOx. MnOx adsorbs paracetamol through electrostatic interactions, and further transforms it into p-benzoquinone imine through hydrolysis-oxidation. FeOx significantly adsorbs organic matter, calcium, and phosphate, which in turn influences OMP removal. Organic matter on field sand surfaces limits OMP removal by blocking sorption sites on the oxides. However, calcium and phosphate on field sand support benzotriazole removal via surface complexation and hydrogen bonding. This paper provides further insight into the abiotic removal mechanisms of OMPs in field RSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - David de Ridder
- Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, Rotterdam 3063 NH, the Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands.
| | - Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Pradip Saha
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Wal
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands; Evides Water Company N.V., Schaardijk 150, Rotterdam 3063 NH, the Netherlands
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4
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He H, Zhao J. The efficient degradation of diclofenac by ferrate and peroxymonosulfate: performances, mechanisms, and toxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11959-11977. [PMID: 36103067 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the degradation efficiency and reaction mechanisms of diclofenac (DCF), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, by the combination of ferrate (Fe(VI) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) (Fe(VI)/PMS) were systematically investigated. The higher degradation efficiency of DCF in Fe(VI)/PMS system can be obtained than that in alone persulfate (PS), Fe(VI), PMS, or the Fe(VI)/PS process at pH 6.0. DCF was efficiently removed in Fe(VI)/PMS process within a wide range of pH values from 4.0 to 8.0, with higher degradation efficiency in acidic conditions. The increasing reaction temperature (10 to 30 ℃), Fe(VI) dose (6.25 to 100 µM), or PMS concentration (50 to 1000 µM) significantly enhanced the DCF degradation. The existences of HCO3¯, Cl¯, and humic acid (HA) obviously inhibited the DCF removal. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), free radical quenching, and probing experiments confirmed the existence of sulfate radicals (SO4•¯), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and Fe(V)/ Fe(IV), which are responsible for DCF degradation in Fe(VI)/PMS system. The variations of TOC removal ratio reveal that the adsorption of organics with ferric particles, formed in the reduction of Fe(VI), also were functioned in the removal process. Sixteen DCF transformation byproducts were identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS, and the toxicity variation was evaluated. Consequently, eight reaction pathways for DCF degradation were proposed. This study provides theoretical basis for the utilization of Fe(VI)/PMS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Jingan Road 5#, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Jingan Road 5#, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Waste Water Treatment, Sichuan Province Higher Education System, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610066, China.
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, 610066, China.
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5
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Comment on “HCO3–/CO32– Enhanced degradation of diclofenac by Cu(II)-activated peracetic acid: Efficiency and mechanism” [Sep. Purif. Technol. 277 (2021) 119434]. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Wang G, Hambly AC, Dou Y, Wang G, Tang K, Andersen HR. Polishing micropollutants in municipal wastewater, using biogenic manganese oxides in a moving bed biofilm reactor (BioMn-MBBR). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:127889. [PMID: 34863559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot remove organic micropollutants efficiently, and thus various polishing processes are increasingly being studied. One such potential process is utilising biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx). The present study operated two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) with synthetic sewage as feed, one reactor feed was spiked with Mn(II) which allowed the continuous formation of BioMnOx by Mn-oxidising bacteria in the suspended biofilms (i.e. BioMn-MBBR). Spiking experiments with 14 micropollutants were conducted to investigate if BioMnOx combined with MBBR could be utilised to polish micropollutants in wastewater treatment. Results show enhanced removal by BioMn-MBBR over control MBBR (without BioMnOx) for specific micropollutants, such as diclofenac (36% vs. 5%) and sulfamethoxazole (80% vs. 24%). However, diclofenac removal was significantly inhibited when municipal wastewater was fed, and a further batch experiment demonstrates the reduced removal of diclofenac could be due to (unusual) higher pH in municipal wastewater compared to synthetic sewage. A shift in bacterial community was also observe in BioMn-MBBR over long-term operation. Overall, BioMn-MBBR in this study shows great potential for practical application in removing a larger range of micropollutants, which could be applied as an efficient polishing step for typical municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochen Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adam C Hambly
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yibo Dou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Henrik R Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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7
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Xu D, Li B, Dou X, Feng L, Zhang L, Liu Y. Enhanced performance and mechanisms of sulfamethoxazole removal in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland by filling manganese ore as the substrate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152554. [PMID: 34952087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a typical sulfonamide antibiotic, is ubiquitous in secondary effluent and may pose undesirable effects on the aquatic ecosystem and human health. Constructed wetland (CW) is more and more applied in advanced sewage treatment, and the substrate plays an important role in removing pollutants. Manganese (Mn) ore has been widely concerned as a new type of substrate to remove pollutants in CW due to its high adsorption and redox properties. However, the removal mechanism of antibiotics by Mn ore CW is still unclear. In this study, Mn ore was selected as the substrate of a vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) while gravel substrate was selected as a control group, and the removal efficiencies of SMX in two VFCWs were investigated and compared. Experimental devices were layered as different regions, including anaerobic (0-32 cm), anoxic (32-64 cm) and aerobic (64-80 cm) zones, to examine the removal characteristics of SMX in different regions. And the removal mechanism of SMX was also explored by examining the adsorption and oxidation of Mn ore and the microbial degradation performance. The results showed that the final removal efficiency of SMX in CW filled with Mn ore substrate (M-CW) (48.4%) increased by 39.6%, compared with CW filled with gravel substrate (G-CW) (8.8%). According to the calculation of mass balance, the total loss of SMX caused by the oxidation of Mn ore and biodegradation accounted for 33.0% of the total SMX input in M-CW, the SMX loss caused by the biodegradation in G-CW accounted for 13.0%, and the substrate adsorption in M-CW and G-CW occupied 15.0% and 7.0% of the total SMX input, respectively. Mn(II) was formed during the oxidation of SMX by Mn(III, IV) and dissimilated Mn(III, IV) reduction by microorganisms in anaerobic environment (0-32 cm). Whereafter, the produced Mn(II) entered into the aerobic zone (64-80 cm) with the water flow and was re-oxidized into biogenic Mn oxides (BioMnOx) which had high adsorption and oxidation performance for SMX. Therefore, Mn ore could enhance SMX removal efficiency in anaerobic and aerobic zones by Mn redox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Benhang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xudan Dou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Li Q, Lai C, Yu J, Luo J, Deng J, Li G, Chen W, Li B, Chen G. Degradation of diclofenac sodium by the UV/chlorine process: Reaction mechanism, influencing factors and toxicity evaluation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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9
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Septian A, Shin WS. Oxidative removal of sulfadiazine using synthetic and natural manganese dioxides. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2254-2266. [PMID: 31791202 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1699963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies on oxidation kinetics of sulfadiazine (SDZ) using δ-MnO2 (birnessite) and natural MnO2 are limited. Reaction order at different SDZ speciation was determined based on the effects of initial H+, MnO2 and SDZ concentrations using initial rate method, which would be useful to determine the optimum pH and MnO2 concentration. Birnessite and natural MnO2 with different physico-chemical properties such as BET surface area, pHPZC, d-spacing, and crystal size similarly showed good efficiencies in oxidizing neutral SDZ (pH 5) and anionic SDZ (pH 8). Activation energy (Ea) and thermodynamic parameters indicated the similar oxidation efficiencies in the temperature range of 10-40°C. The SO42- was produced from the SDZ oxidation coupled to the reduction of MnO2 to Mn2+. The effect of co-solute ciprofloxacin (CIP) on the oxidation kinetics of SDZ was also studied. The rates of SDZ oxidation by both birnessite and natural MnO2 were reduced by the presence of CIP due to competition in oxidation between SDZ and CIP. The SDZ was more rapidly oxidized than CIP in both single- and bi-solute systems, as indicated by the presence of CIP intermediate, whereas the intermediate of SDZ was not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardie Septian
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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10
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Xu G, Li Y, Hou W, Wang S, Kong F. Effects of substrate type on enhancing pollutant removal performance and reducing greenhouse gas emission in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 280:111674. [PMID: 33218830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs), known as an alternative clean technology, have been widely used for sewage treatment. However, greenhouse gas (N2O, CH4 and CO2) emissions are the accompanying problem in CWs. To mitigate the net global warming potential (GWP) with the constant removal efficiency for contaminants is attracting wide attention recently. In this study, four CWs were established to explore the effects of substrate types (gravel, walnut shell, manganese ore and activated alumina) on contaminant removal and greenhouse gas emissions. CWs using manganese ore substrate with function of electronic exchange showed high removal efficiencies on COD (90.1%), TN (65.1%), TP (97.1%) and low greenhouse gas flux. The emission fluxes of N2O, CH4 and CO2 were 0.07-0.20, 2.00-252.30 and 337.54-782.57 mg m-2 h-1, respectively. Especially, the lowest average CH4 emission flux in the manganese ore CW was only 2.00 mg m-2 h-1 while those of N2O in walnut shell CW was only 0.07 mg m-2 h-1, which will make a significant contribution on the mitigation of GWP of CWs. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that microbial community diversity and richness changed significantly among different substrates. The high pmoA and low mcrA, caused by the introduction of manganese ore as substrate, also explained why there was little CH4 emission in CWs. Our study provided new insights into GWP mitigation and contaminant removal enhancement in CWs using optimal substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Weihao Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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11
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Peng Y, Shi H, Wang Z, Fu Y, Liu Y. Kinetics and reaction mechanism of photochemical degradation of diclofenac by UV-activated peroxymonosulfate. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6804-6817. [PMID: 35423182 PMCID: PMC8694895 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10178h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is frequently detected in different environmental media such as surface water, groundwater, domestic sewage, and sediment. In this study, UV-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was used to degrade DCF by generating active radicals (i.e., SO4˙− and HO˙) with strong oxidizing properties. The effects of PMS dosage, pH, initial DCF concentration and common water constituents on the removal of DCF as well as its degradation mechanism in UV/PMS system were investigated. Compared to UV alone and PMS alone systems, DCF was removed more efficiently in the UV/PMS system at pH 7.0 due to the contribution of SO4˙− and HO˙, and its degradation followed the pseudo-first order kinetic model. As the dosage of PMS or solution pH increased, the degradation efficiency of DCF was gradually enhanced. The highest DCF degradation was obtained at pH 11.0 in this study, because the molar absorption coefficient of PMS increased with increasing pH at 254 nm resulting in generation of more reactive radicals at high pH. Removal efficiency of DCF was decreased significantly with the increase in its initial concentration due to the insufficient concentration of radicals. The presence of HCO3− and NO3− could promote the degradation of DCF because of the role of carbonate radicals and extra HO˙ formed, respectively, while NOM inhibited DCF degradation due to its competition with DCF for reactive radicals. No obvious influence on DCF degradation was observed in the UV/PMS system with the addition of Cl− and SO42−. The degradation of DCF by UV/PMS in real waters was slightly suppressed compared with its removal in ultrapure water. Seven transformation products were detected using UPLC-QTOF/MS, and the potential degradation mechanism of DCF was thus proposed showing six reaction pathways including hydroxylation, decarboxylation, dechlorination–cyclization, formylation, dehydrogenation and dechlorination–hydrogenation. Compared to UV alone and PMS alone systems, diclofenac was removed more efficiently in UV/PMS system at pH 7.0 due to the contribution of SO4˙− and HO˙ and its degradation followed the pseudo-first order kinetic model.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlan Peng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 611756
- China
| | - Hongle Shi
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 611756
- China
| | - Zhenran Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 611756
- China
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 611756
- China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 611756
- China
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12
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Zhao Y, Liu F, Wang M, Qin X. Oxidation of diclofenac by birnessite: Identification of products and proposed transformation pathway. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 98:169-178. [PMID: 33097149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF), a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, reacted readily with birnessite under mild conditions, and the pseudo first order kinetic constants achieved 8.84 × 10-2 hr-1. Five products of DCF including an iminoquinone product (2,5-iminoquinone-diclofenac) and four dimer products were observed and identified by tandem mass spectrometry during the reaction. Meanwhile, 2,5-iminoquinone-diclofenac was identified to be the major product, accounting for 83.09% of the transformed DCF. According to the results of spectroscopic Mn(III) trapping experiments and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Mn(IV) contained in birnessite solid was consumed and mainly converted into Mn(III) during reaction process, which proved that the removal of DCF by birnessite was through oxidation. Based on the identified products of DCF and the changes of Mn valence state in birnessite solid, a tentative transformation pathway of DCF was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Qin
- Department of Technology Assessment, Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
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Kuan WH, Liu YJ, Hu CY. Effects of Surfactants on the Degradation of Diclofenac by Manganese Oxide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124513. [PMID: 32585957 PMCID: PMC7345797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Amine-containing pharmaceuticals are the most often detected pharmaceuticals in wastewater and ambient aquatic environments. They can usually be degraded by manganese oxide (MnO2), which is a common natural oxidant in soils. Surfactants often coexist with pharmaceuticals in wastewater. Some amine-containing pharmaceuticals, such as diclofenac (DIC), are acidic and are thus ionic compounds in neutral conditions. These compounds, therefore, have similar properties to surfactants. Surfactants, thus, may influence the adsorption and degradation processes of DIC by MnO2. The effect of the type of surfactant on the degradation of DIC by MnO2 was investigated in this study with the addition of two common biodegradable surfactants (cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)). The results indicated that the cationic surfactant (CTAB) significantly increased the degradation rate in neutral and alkaline conditions. On the other hand, the anionic surfactant (SDS) slightly increased the DIC removal rate in an acidic condition but significantly decreased the removal in neutral and alkaline conditions. Coexisting cationic surfactants not only influenced the kinetics but also altered the transformation mechanism of DIC by MnO2. Decarboxylation is the main transformation mechanism of DIC in the presence of CTAB, while both decarboxylation and hydroxylation are the main transformation mechanisms in the absence of CTAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Kuan
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan;
- Chronic Disease and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Liu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yao Hu
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6514); Fax: +886-2-2738-4831
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14
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Zhu Y, Zhao C, Liang J, Shang R, Zhu X, Ding L, Deng H, Zheng H, Strathmann TJ. Rapid removal of diclofenac in aqueous solution by soluble Mn(III) (aq) generated in a novel Electro-activated carbon fiber-permanganate (E-ACF-PM) process. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 165:114975. [PMID: 31430653 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrolysis and permanganate (PM) oxidation are two commonly used technologies for water treatment. However, they are often handicapped by their slow reaction rates. To improve the removal efficiency of refractory contaminants, we combined electrolysis with PM using an activated carbon fiber (ACF) as cathode (E-ACF-PM) for the first time to treat diclofenac (DCF) in aqueous solution. Up to 90% DCF was removed in 5 min by E-ACF-PM process. In comparison, only 3.95 and 27.35% of DCF was removed by individual electrolysis and PM oxidation at the same time, respectively. Acidic condition was more conducive to DCF removal. Surprisingly, soluble Mn(III) (aq) formed on the surface of ACF was demonstrated as the principal oxidizing agent in E-ACF-PM process. Further studies showed that all three components (electrolysis + ACF + PM) were necessary to facilitate the heterogeneous generation of reactive Mn(III) (aq). Moreover, SEM images and XPS spectra of ACF before and after treatment revealed that the morphologies and elemental compositions of reacted ACF were nearly unchanged during the E-ACF-PM process. ACF can be remained active and utilized to the rapid degradation of DCF in E-ACF-PM process even after reused for 20 times. Therefore, the E-ACF-PM process may provide a novel and effective alternative on the generation of reactive Mn(III) (aq) in situ for water treatment by green electrochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Ran Shang
- Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600, GA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Xuanmo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lei Ding
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Maanshan, 243002, PR China
| | - Huiping Deng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Timothy J Strathmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
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Yu X, Cabooter D, Dewil R. Efficiency and mechanism of diclofenac degradation by sulfite/UV advanced reduction processes (ARPs). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:65-74. [PMID: 31229829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is frequently detected in the aqueous environment. The synergistic treatment using sulfite and UV irradiation is proposed to be one of the most effective advanced reduction processes (ARPs) to degrade refractory contaminants. This paper systematically investigated the performance and mechanism of DCF degradation by sulfite/UV ARP under various conditions. A significant enhancement in degradation efficiency of DCF was exhibited via sulfite/UV ARP compared with direct UV photolysis, which is primarily due to the generation of reductive radicals (eaq- and H). This process was well described by a pseudo first-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.154 min-1. The influence of solution pH, sulfite dosage, initial DCF concentration and UV intensity were evaluated. Results revealed that DCF more favorably reacted with H in an acidic environment than with eaq- under alkaline conditions. A positive impact on the DCF decomposition was observed with increasing sulfite dosage, but with an inhibiting trend at high sulfite concentrations. The degradation rate constant was accelerated by increasing the UV intensity, while decreased by promoting the initial DCF concentration. Degradation mechanisms at different pH levels revealed that the reduction reactions were induced by eaq- at pH 9.2, and dominated by H at pH 6.0. Complete dechlorination was readily achieved with all chlorine atoms in DCF released as chloride ions under sulfite/UV ARP, which may lead to a decreased toxicity of the degradation products. This observation emphasized the advantages of sulfite/UV ARP on DCF degradation, in comparison with that under direct UV photolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yu
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
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16
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Zhou S, Du Z, Li X, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang Y. Degradation of methylene blue by natural manganese oxides: kinetics and transformation products. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190351. [PMID: 31417737 PMCID: PMC6689640 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, natural manganese oxides (MnO x ), an environmental material with high redox potential, were used as a promising low-cost oxidant to degrade the widely used dyestuff methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution. Although the surface area of MnO x was only 7.17 m2 g-1, it performed well in the degradation of MB with a removal percentage of 85.6% at pH 4. It was found that MB was chemically degraded in a low-pH reaction system and the degradation efficiency correlated negatively with the pH value (4-8) and initial concentration of MB (10-50 mg l-1), but positively with the dosage of MnO x (1-5 g l-1). The degradation of MB fitted well with the second-order kinetics. Mathematical models were also built for the correlation of the kinetic constants with the pH value, the initial concentration of MB and the dosage of MnO x . Furthermore, several transformation products of MB were identified with HPLC-MS, which was linked with the bond energy theory to reveal that the degradation was initiated with demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Pu Zhu Nan Lu 30, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Pu Zhu Nan Lu 30, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
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17
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Xie H, Yang Y, Liu J, Kang Y, Zhang J, Hu Z, Liang S. Enhanced triclosan and nutrient removal performance in vertical up-flow constructed wetlands with manganese oxides. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:457-466. [PMID: 29986254 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Limited concentrations of oxygen in constructed wetlands (CWs) have inhibited their ability to remove emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) at μg/L or ng/L levels. Manganese (Mn) oxides were proposed as a solution, as they are powerful oxidants with strong adsorptive capabilities. In the present study, triclosan (TCS) was selected as a typical EOC, and CW microcosms with Mn oxides (birnessite) coated sand (B-CWs) and without (C-CWs) were developed to test the removal capacities of TCS and common nutrients. We found that the addition of Mn oxides coated sand significantly improved removal efficiencies of TCS, NH4-N, COD, NO3-N and TP (P < 0.05). The average concentration of Mn(II) effluent was 0.036 mg L-1, mostly lower than the drinking water limit. To gain insight into the mechanisms of pollution removal, Mn transformation, dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution, bacterial abundance, and microbial community composition were also investigated. Maximum Mn(II) was detected at 20 cm height of the B-CWs in anoxic zone. Although Mn-oxidizing bacteria existed in the layer of 30-50 cm with 103-104 CFU g-1 dry substate, Mn oxides were only detected at height from 40 to 50 cm with rich oxygen in B-CW. The quantities of bacterial 16S rRNA, amoA, narG and nosZ were not significantly different between two systems (P > 0.05), while Illumina high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the abundance of denitrifying bacteria was significant higher in B-CWs, and the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria that have a recognized role in Mn transformation were significantly increased. The results indicated that Mn oxides could enhance TCS and common pollutants removal in both anoxic and aerobic areas through the recycling of Mn between Mn(II) and biogenic Mn oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Xie
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Yixiao Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Junhua Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yan Kang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Zhen Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
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18
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Guan C, Jiang J, Pang S, Luo C, Yang Y, Ma J, Yu J, Zhao X. Effect of iodide on transformation of phenolic compounds by nonradical activation of peroxydisulfate in the presence of carbon nanotube: Kinetics, impacting factors, and formation of iodinated aromatic products. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:559-568. [PMID: 29890494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Our recent study has demonstrated that iodide (I-) can be easily and almost entirely oxidized to hypoiodous acid (HOI) but not to iodate by nonradical activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) in the presence of a commercial carbon nanotube (CNT). In this work, the oxidation kinetics of phenolic compounds by the PDS/CNT system in the presence of I- were examined and potential formation of iodinated aromatic products was explored. Experimental results suggested that I- enhanced the transformation of six selected substituted phenols, primarily attributed to the generation of HOI that was considerably reactive toward these phenolic compounds. More significant enhancement was obtained at higher I- concentrations or lower pH values, while the change of PDS or CNT dosages exhibited a slight impact on the enhancing effect of I-. Product analyses with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry clearly revealed the production of iodinated aromatic products when p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA, a model phenol) was treated by the PDS/CNT/I- system in both synthetic and real waters. Their formation pathways probably involved the substitution of HOI on aromatic ring of p-HBA, as well as the generation of iodinated p-HBA phenoxyl radicals and subsequent coupling of these radicals. Given the considerable toxicity and harmful effects of these iodinated aromatic products, particular attention should be paid when the novel PDS/CNT oxidation technology is applied for treatment of phenolic contaminants in iodide-containing waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Suyan Pang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Congwei Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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19
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Zhao J, Wang Q, Fu Y, Peng B, Zhou G. Kinetics and mechanism of diclofenac removal using ferrate(VI): roles of Fe 3+, Fe 2+, and Mn 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22998-23008. [PMID: 29858998 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2375-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of Fe3+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ dose, solution pH, reaction temperature, background water matrix (i.e., inorganic anions, cations, and natural organic matters (NOM)), and the kinetics and mechanism for the reaction system of Fe(VI)/Fe3+, Fe(VI)/Fe2+, and Fe(VI)/Mn2+ were investigated systematically. Traces of Fe3+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ promoted the DCF removal by Fe(VI) significantly. The pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) of DCF increased with decreasing pH (9-6) and increasing temperature (10-30 °C) due to the gradually reduced stability and enhanced reactivity of Fe(VI). Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions evidently improved the DCF removal, while CO32- restrained it. Besides, SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, Mg2+, and Ca2+ almost had no influence on the degradation of DCF by Fe(VI)/Fe3+, Fe(VI)/Fe2+, and Fe(VI)/Mn2+ within the tested concentration. The addition of 5 or 20 mg L-1 NOM decreased the removal efficiency of DCF. Moreover, Fe2O3 and Fe(OH)3, the by-products of Fe(VI), slightly inhibited the DCF removal, while α-FeOOH, another by-product of Fe(VI), showed no influence at pH 7. In addition, MnO2 and MnO4-, the by-products of Mn2+, enhanced the DCF degradation due to catalysis and superposition of oxidation capacity, respectively. This study indicates that Fe3+ and Fe2+ promoted the DCF removal mainly via the self-catalysis for Fe(VI), and meanwhile, the catalysis of Mn2+ and the effect of its by-products (i.e., MnO2 and MnO4-) contributed synchronously for DCF degradation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhou
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
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20
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Shaikh N, Zhang H, Rasamani K, Artyushkova K, Ali AMS, Cerrato JM. Reaction of bisphenol A with synthetic and commercial MnO x(s): spectroscopic and kinetic study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:1046-1055. [PMID: 29901671 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00121a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of bisphenol A (BPA) using laboratory synthesized (Syn-MnOx) and commercially available (Com-MnOx) MnOx(s) media was investigated using spectroscopic and aqueous chemistry methods. The surface area of Syn-MnOx (128 m2 g-1) and Com-MnOx (13.6 m2 g-1) differed by an order of magnitude. The impurities were less than 1% by weight for Syn-MnOx while Com-MnOx contained 29% impurity by weight, mainly Al, Si and Fe. The removal of 99.7% BPA was observed applying Syn-MnOx, while 71.2% BPA removal was observed applying Com-MnOx after 44 hours of reaction of 10 mM MnOx(s) media with 1 mM BPA at pH 5.5. The reduction of Mn was detected in the surface of both BPA reacted media, but a higher content of reduced Mn was observed in Syn-MnOx (52% in Syn-MnOx compared to 29% in Com-MnOx). The release of soluble Mn was an order of magnitude higher in batch experiments reacting BPA with Syn-MnOx compared with Com-MnOx. The C 1s and O 1s XPS high resolution spectral analyses identified the presence of functional groups that likely correspond to BPA oxidation products, such as dimers and quinones associated with MnOx(s) surfaces on both reacted media. The reaction of BPA with Syn-MnOx fit the electron transfer-limited model (R2 = 0.96), while the reaction of BPA with Com-MnOx had a better fit for surface complex formation-limited model (R2 = 0.95). These results suggest that BPA removal and the reactivity of MnOx(s) are affected by the differences in surface area and impurities present in these media. Thus, this study has relevant implications for the reaction of MnOx(s) with emerging organic contaminants in natural biogeochemical processes and water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Shaikh
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1070, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
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21
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Liu W, Sutton NB, Rijnaarts HHM, Langenhoff AAM. Anoxic conditions are beneficial for abiotic diclofenac removal from water with manganese oxide (MnO 2). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10141-10147. [PMID: 29492813 PMCID: PMC5891569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study examining pharmaceutical removal under anoxic conditions with MnO2. This study compares the abiotic removal of seven pharmaceuticals with reactive MnO2 particles in the presence of oxygen (oxic conditions) and in the absence of oxygen (anoxic conditions). Due to the novelty of pharmaceutical removal under anoxic conditions, the influence of phosphate buffer, pH, and MnO2 morphologies is also examined. Results show that over 90% of diclofenac is removed under anoxic conditions. Additionally, we found that (1) anoxic conditions are beneficial for diclofenac removal with MnO2, (2) phosphate buffer affects the pharmaceutical removal efficiencies, (3) higher pharmaceutical removal is obtained at acidic pH compared to that at neutral or alkaline conditions, and (4) amorphous MnO2 removes pharmaceuticals better than crystalline MnO2. The pharmaceutical molecular structure and properties, MnO2 properties especially reactive sites of the MnO2 surface, are important for degradation kinetics. This study provides a fundamental basis towards understanding pharmaceutical degradation with MnO2 under anoxic conditions, and development of a cost-effective, sustainable technology for removal of pharmaceuticals from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Huub H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alette A M Langenhoff
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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22
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The self-catalysis of ferrate (VI) by its reactive byproducts or reductive substances for the degradation of diclofenac: Kinetics, mechanism and transformation products. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Guan C, Jiang J, Pang S, Luo C, Ma J, Zhou Y, Yang Y. Oxidation Kinetics of Bromophenols by Nonradical Activation of Peroxydisulfate in the Presence of Carbon Nanotube and Formation of Brominated Polymeric Products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:10718-10728. [PMID: 28806069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrated that bromophenols (BrPs) could be readily oxidized by peroxydisulfate (PDS) activated by a commercial carbon nanotube (CNT), while furfuryl alcohol (a chemical probe for singlet oxygen (1O2)) was quite refractory. Results obtained by radical quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further confirmed the involvement of nonradical PDS-CNT complexes rather than 1O2. Bicarbonate and chloride ion exhibited negligible impacts on BrPs degradation by the PDS/CNT system, while a significant inhibitory effect was observed for natural organic matter. The oxidation of BrPs was influenced by solution pH with maximum rates occurring at neutral pH. Linear free energy relationships (LFERs) were established between the observed pseudo-first-order oxidation rates of various substituted phenols and the classical descriptor variables (i.e., Hammett constant σ+, and half-wave oxidation potential E1/2). Products analyses by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry clearly showed the formation of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hydroxylated polybrominated biphenyls on CNT surface. Their formation pathway possibly involved the generation of bromophenoxyl radicals from BrPs one-electron oxidation and their subsequent coupling reactions. These results suggest that the novel nonradical PDS/CNT oxidation technology is a good alternative for selectively eliminating BrPs with alleviating toxic byproducts in treated water effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Suyan Pang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Congwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150090, China
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24
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Wang X, Liu J, Qu R, Wang Z, Huang Q. The laccase-like reactivity of manganese oxide nanomaterials for pollutant conversion: rate analysis and cyclic voltammetry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7756. [PMID: 28798337 PMCID: PMC5552746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured manganese oxides, e.g. MnO2, have shown laccase-like catalytic activities, and are thus promising for pollutant oxidation in wastewater treatment. We have systematically compared the laccase-like reactivity of manganese oxide nanomaterials of different crystallinity, including α-, β-, γ-, δ-, and ɛ-MnO2, and Mn3O4, with 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) and 17β-estradiol (E2) as the probing substrates. The reaction rate behaviors were examined with regard to substrate oxidation and oxygen reduction to evaluate the laccase-like catalysis of the materials, among which γ-MnO2 exhibits the best performance. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was employed to assess the six MnOx nanomaterials, and the results correlate well with their laccase-like catalytic activities. The findings help understand the mechanisms of and the factors controlling the laccase-like reactivity of different manganese oxides nanomaterials, and provide a basis for future design and application of MnOx-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuses, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.,College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia, 30223, United States
| | - Jiaoqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuses, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuses, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuses, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia, 30223, United States.
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Lu X, Shao Y, Gao N, Chen J, Zhang Y, Xiang H, Guo Y. Degradation of diclofenac by UV-activated persulfate process: Kinetic studies, degradation pathways and toxicity assessments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 141:139-147. [PMID: 28340369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is the frequently detected non-steroidal pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In this study, the degradation of DCF was evaluated by UV-254nm activated persulfate (UV/PS). The degradation of DCF followed the pseudo first-order kinetics pattern. The degradation rate constant (kobs) was accelerated by UV/PS compared to UV alone and PS alone. Increasing the initial PS dosage or solution pH significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency. Presence of various natural water constituents had different effects on DCF degradation, with an enhancement or inhibition in the presence of inorganic anions (HCO3- or Cl-) and a significant inhibition in the presence of NOM. In addition, preliminary degradation mechanisms and major products were elucidated using LC-MS/MS. Hydroxylation, decarbonylation, ring-opening and cyclation reaction involving the attack of SO4•- or other substances, were the main degradation mechanism. TOC analyzer and Microtox bioassay were employed to evaluate the mineralization and cytotoxicity of solutions treated by UV/PS at different times, respectively. Limited elimination of TOC (32%) was observed during the mineralization of DCF. More toxic degradation products and their related intermediate species were formed, and the UV/PS process was suitable for removing the toxicity. Of note, longer degradation time may be considered for the final toxicity removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing, China.
| | - Naiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yansen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youluo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Stadlmair LF, Letzel T, Drewes JE, Graßmann J. Mass spectrometry based in vitro assay investigations on the transformation of pharmaceutical compounds by oxidative enzymes. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:466-477. [PMID: 28189026 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of trace organic chemicals in wastewater and surface water leads to a growing demand for novel removal technologies. The use of isolated enzymes has been shown to possess the capability for a targeted application but requires a clearer mechanistic understanding. In this study, the potential of peroxidase from horseradish (HRP) and laccase from Pleurotus ostreatus (LccPO) to transform selected trace organic chemicals was studied using mass spectrometry (MS)-based in vitro enzyme assays. Conversion by HRP appeared to be more efficient compared to LccPO. Diclofenac (DCF) and sotalol (STL) were completely transformed by HRP after 4 h and immediate conversion was observed for acetaminophen (APAP). During treatment with LccPO, 60% of DCF was still detectable after 24 h and no conversion was found for STL. APAP was completely transformed after 20 min. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), carbamazepine (CBZ), ibuprofen (IBP) and naproxen (NAP) were insusceptible to enzymatic conversion. In pharmaceutical mixtures, HRP exhibited a preference for DCF and APAP and the generally less efficient conversion of STL was enhanced in presence of APAP. Transformation product pattern after treatment with HRP revealed polymerization products for DCF while STL showed cleavage reactions. DCF product formation shifted towards a proposed dimeric iminoquinone product in presence of APAP whereas a generally less pronounced product formation in mixtures was observed for STL. In conclusion, the enzymatic treatment approach worked selectively and efficiently for a few pharmaceuticals. However, for application the investigation and possibly immobilization of multiplex enzymes being able to transform diverse chemical structures is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara F Stadlmair
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coloumbwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coloumbwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coloumbwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johanna Graßmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coloumbwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Allard S, Gutierrez L, Fontaine C, Croué JP, Gallard H. Organic matter interactions with natural manganese oxide and synthetic birnessite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 583:487-495. [PMID: 28126279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Redox reactions of inorganic and organic contaminants on manganese oxides have been widely studied. However, these reactions are strongly affected by the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) at the surface of the manganese oxide. Interestingly, the mechanism behind NOM adsorption onto manganese oxides remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium of different NOM isolates to synthetic manganese oxide (birnessite) and natural manganese oxide (Mn sand) were investigated. Natural manganese oxide is composed of both amorphous and well-crystallised Mn phases (i.e., lithiophorite, birnessite, and cryptomelane). NOM adsorption on both manganese oxides increased with decreasing pH (from pH7 to 5), in agreement with surface complexation and ligand exchange mechanisms. The presence of calcium enhanced the rate of NOM adsorption by decreasing the electrostatic repulsion between NOM and Mn sand. Also, the adsorption was limited by the diffusion of NOM macromolecules through the Mn sand pores. At equilibrium, a preferential adsorption of high molecular weight molecules enriched in aromatic moieties was observed for both the synthetic and natural manganese oxide. Hydrophobic interactions may explain the adsorption of organic matter on manganese oxides. The formation of low molecular weight UV absorbing molecules was detected with the synthetic birnessite, suggesting oxidation and reduction processes occurring during NOM adsorption. This study provides a deep insight for both environmental and engineered systems to better understand the impact of NOM adsorption on the biogeochemical cycle of manganese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Allard
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré TSA 41105, 86 073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France; Curtin Water Quality Research Center, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
| | - Leonardo Gutierrez
- Curtin Water Quality Research Center, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Facultad del Mar y Medio Ambiente, Universidad del Pacifico, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Claude Fontaine
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP- UMR 7285 CNRS Université de Poitiers, Equipe Hydrasa, 5 rue Albert Turpain, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Croué
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré TSA 41105, 86 073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France; Curtin Water Quality Research Center, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Hervé Gallard
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré TSA 41105, 86 073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
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28
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Jiang J, Wang Z, Chen Y, He A, Li J, Sheng GD. Metal inhibition on the reactivity of manganese dioxide toward organic contaminant oxidation in relation to metal adsorption and ionic potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 170:95-103. [PMID: 27974274 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coexisting metal ions may significantly inhibit the oxidative reactivity of manganese oxides toward organic contaminants in metal-organic multi-pollutant waters. While the metal inhibition on the oxidation of organic contaminants by manganese oxides has previously been reported, the extent of the inhibition in relation to metal properties has not been established. Six alkali, alkaline, and transition metals, as well as two testing metals were evaluated for their abilities to inhibit the reactivity of birnessite. Regardless of the pathways of phenol and diuron oxidation (polymerization vs. breakdown), the extent of metal inhibition depended mainly on the metal itself and its concentration. The observed metal inhibition efficiency followed the order of Mn2+ > Co2+ > Cu2+ > Al3+ > Mg2+ > K+, consistent with metal adsorption on birnessite. The first-order organic oxidation rate constant (kobs) was linearly negatively correlated with metal adsorption (qe) on birnessite. These observations demonstrated that the metal inhibition efficiency was determined by metal adsorption on birnessite. The slopes of the kobs-qe varied among metals and followed the order of K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Mn2+ > Cd2+ > Co2+ > Cu2+ > Al3+. These slopes defined intrinsic inhibitory abilities of metals. As metals were adsorbed hydrated on birnessite, the intrinsic inhibitory ability was significantly linearly correlated with ionic potentials of metals, leading to a single straight line. Metals with multiple d electrons in the outermost orbit with polarizing energy that promotes hydrolysis sat slightly below the line, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuopu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Daniel Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Wang Y, Ni T, Yuan J, Wang C, Liu G. Oxidative treatment of diclofenac via ferrate(VI) in aqueous media: effect of surfactant additives. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:1342-1350. [PMID: 28333050 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential reaction of diclofenac (DCF) with ferrate(VI) and influences of coexisting surfactants have not been investigated in depth, and are the focus of this study. The results demonstrated that DCF reacted effectively and rapidly with Fe(VI) and approximately 75% of DCF (0.03 mM) was removed by excess Fe(VI) (0.45 mM) within 10 min. All of the reactions followed pseudo first-order kinetics with respect to DCF and Fe(VI), where the apparent second-order rate constant (kapp) was 5.07 M-1 s-1 at pH 9.0. Furthermore, the degradation efficiencies of DCF were clearly dependent on the concentrations of dissolved organic matter additives in the substrate solution. Primarily, inhibitory effects were observed with the samples that contained anionic (sodium dodecyl-benzene sulfonate, SDBS) or non-ionic (Tween-80) surfactants, which have been attributed to the side reactions between Fe(VI) and surfactants, which led to a reduction in the available oxidant for DCF destruction. Furthermore, the addition of a cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB) and humic acid (HA) conveyed significantly promotional effects on the DCF-Fe(VI) reaction. The rate enhancement effect for CTAB might be due to micellar surface catalysis, through the Coulomb attraction between the reactants and positively charged surfactants, while the catalytic action for HA resulted from the additional oxidation of Fe(V)/Fe(IV) in the presence of HA. The results provided the basic knowledge required to understand the environmental relevance of DCF oxidation via Fe(VI) in the presence of surfactant additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China E-mail: ; School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China E-mail: ; School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jianmei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China E-mail:
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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30
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Mussa ZH, Al-Qaim FF, Othman MR, Abdullah MP, Latip J, Zakria Z. Pseudo first order kinetics and proposed transformation products pathway for the degradation of diclofenac using graphite–PVC composite as anode. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Maier MP, Prasse C, Pati SG, Nitsche S, Li Z, Radke M, Meyer A, Hofstetter TB, Ternes TA, Elsner M. Exploring Trends of C and N Isotope Fractionation to Trace Transformation Reactions of Diclofenac in Natural and Engineered Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10933-10942. [PMID: 27635778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although diclofenac ranks among the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in the urban water cycle, its environmental transformation reactions remain imperfectly understood. Biodegradation-induced changes in 15N/14N ratios (εN = -7.1‰ ± 0.4‰) have indicated that compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) may detect diclofenac degradation. This singular observation warrants exploration for further transformation reactions. The present study surveys carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation in other environmental and engineered transformation reactions of diclofenac. While carbon isotope fractionation was generally small, observed nitrogen isotope fractionation in degradation by MnO2 (εN = -7.3‰ ± 0.3‰), photolysis (εN = +1.9‰ ± 0.1‰), and ozonation (εN = +1.5‰ ± 0.2‰) revealed distinct trends for different oxidative transformation reactions. The small, secondary isotope effect associated with ozonation suggests an attack of O3 in a molecular position distant from the N atom. Model reactants for outer-sphere single electron transfer generated large inverse nitrogen isotope fractionation (εN = +5.7‰ ± 0.3‰), ruling out this mechanism for biodegradation and transformation by MnO2. In a river model, isotope fractionation-derived degradation estimates agreed well with concentration mass balances, providing a proof-of-principle validation for assessing micropollutant degradation in river sediment. Our study highlights the prospect of combining CSIA with transformation product analysis for a better assessment of transformation reactions within the environmental life of diclofenac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Maier
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Carsten Prasse
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG) , Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California, 94720 United States
| | - Sarah G Pati
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Nitsche
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University , 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Radke
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University , 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armin Meyer
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Thomas B Hofstetter
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG) , Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
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Frański R, Zalas M, Gierczyk B, Schroeder G. Electro-oxidation of diclofenac in methanol as studied by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1662-1666. [PMID: 27321855 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Frański
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Zalas
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Błażej Gierczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Schroeder
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Poirier-Larabie S, Segura PA, Gagnon C. Degradation of the pharmaceuticals diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole and their transformation products under controlled environmental conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 557-558:257-67. [PMID: 26999369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the aquatic environment by pharmaceuticals via urban effluents is well known. Several classes of drugs have been identified in waterways surrounding these effluents in the last 15years. To better understand the fate of pharmaceuticals in ecosystems, degradation processes need to be investigated and transformation products must be identified. Thus, this study presents the first comparative study between three different natural environmental conditions: photolysis and biodegradation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions both in the dark of diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole, two common drugs present in significant amounts in impacted surface waters. Results indicated that degradation kinetics differed depending on the process and the type of drug and the observed transformation products also differed among these exposure conditions. Diclofenac was nearly degraded by photolysis after 4days, while its concentration only decreased by 42% after 57days of exposure to bacteria in aerobic media and barely 1% in anaerobic media. For sulfamethoxazole, 84% of the initial concentration was still present after 11days of exposure to light, while biodegradation decreased its concentration by 33% after 58days of exposure under aerobic conditions and 5% after 70days of anaerobic exposure. In addition, several transformation products were observed and persisted over time while others degraded in turn. For diclofenac, chlorine atoms were lost primarily in the photolysis, while a redox reaction was promoted by biodegradation under aerobic conditions. For sulfamethoxazole, isomerization was favored by photolysis while a redox reaction was also favored by the biodegradation under aerobic conditions. To summarize this study points out the occurrence of different transformation products under variable degradation conditions and demonstrates that specific functional groups are involved in the tested natural attenuation processes. Given the complexity of environmental samples more analytical effort is needed to fully identify new products of potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Poirier-Larabie
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Science and Water Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - P A Segura
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - C Gagnon
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Science and Water Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Montréal, Québec H2Y 2E7, Canada.
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Grebel JE, Charbonnet JA, Sedlak DL. Oxidation of organic contaminants by manganese oxide geomedia for passive urban stormwater treatment systems. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:481-491. [PMID: 26521218 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To advance cost-effective strategies for removing trace organic contaminants from urban runoff, the feasibility of using manganese oxides as a geomedia amendment in engineered stormwater infiltration systems to oxidize organic contaminants was evaluated. Ten representative organic chemicals that have previously been detected in urban stormwater were evaluated for reactivity in batch experiments with birnessite. With respect to reactivity, contaminants could be classified as: highly reactive (e.g., bisphenol A), moderately reactive (e.g., diuron) and unreactive (e.g., tris(2-chloro-1-propyl)phosphate). Bisphenol A and diuron reacted with birnessite to produce a suite of products, including ring-cleavage products for bisphenol A and partially dechlorinated products for diuron. Columns packed with manganese oxide-coated sand were used evaluate design parameters for an engineered infiltration system, including necessary contact times for effective treatment, as well as the impacts of stormwater matrix variables, such as solution pH, concentration of natural organic matter and major anions and cations. The manganese oxide geomedia exhibited decreased reactivity when organic contaminants were oxidized, especially in the presence of divalent cations, bicarbonate, and natural organic matter. Under typical conditions, the manganese oxides are expected to retain their reactivity for 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janel E Grebel
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A Charbonnet
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David L Sedlak
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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35
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Arimi MM, Zhang Y, Geißen SU. Color removal of melanoidin-rich industrial effluent by natural manganese oxides. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Zhang Y, Zhu H, Szewzyk U, Geissen SU. Removal of pharmaceuticals in aerated biofilters with manganese feeding. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 72:218-226. [PMID: 25638775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A tertiary treatment step is required in current wastewater treatment plants to remove trace pollutants and thus to prevent their extensive occurrence in the aquatic environment. In this study, natural MnOx ore and natural zeolite were separately used to pack two lab-scale aerated biofilters, which were operated in approximately 1.5 years for the removal of frequently occurring pharmaceuticals, including carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DFC), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), out of synthetic and real secondary effluents. Mn(2+) was added in the feeds to promote the growth of iron/manganese oxidizing bacteria which were recently found to be capable of degrading recalcitrant pollutants. An effective removal (80-90%) of DFC and SMX was observed in both biofilters after adaptation while a significant removal of CBZ was not found. Both biofilters also achieved an effective removal of spiked Mn(2+), but a limited removal of carbon and nitrogen contents. Additionally, MnOx biofilter removed 50% of UV254 from real secondary effluent, indicating a high potential on the removal of aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zhang
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Sekr. KF2, Strasse des 17.Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hong Zhu
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Sekr. BH 6-1, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Szewzyk
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Sekr. BH 6-1, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Uwe Geissen
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Environmental Process Engineering, Sekr. KF2, Strasse des 17.Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Jiang J, Gao Y, Pang SY, Wang Q, Huangfu X, Liu Y, Ma J. Oxidation of bromophenols and formation of brominated polymeric products of concern during water treatment with potassium permanganate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:10850-10858. [PMID: 25136744 DOI: 10.1021/es5008577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of bromophenols (BrPs) in industrial products leads to their occurrence in freshwater environments. This study explored the oxidation kinetics of several BrPs (i.e., 2-BrP, 3-BrP, 4-BrP, 2,4-diBrP, and 2,6-diBrP) and potential formation of brominated polymeric products of concern during water treatment with potassium permanganate [Mn(VII)]. These BrPs exhibited appreciable reactivity toward Mn(VII) with the maxima of second-order rate constants (kMn(VII)) at pH near their pKa values, producing bell-shaped pH-rate profiles. The unusual pH-dependency of kMn(VII) was reasonably explained by a tentative reaction model, where the formation of an intermediate between Mn(VII) and dissociated BrP was likely involved. A novel and powerful precursor ion scan (PIS) approach was used for selective detection of brominated oxidation products by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Results showed that brominated dimeric products such as hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) and hydroxylated polybrominated biphenyls (OH-PBBs) were readily produced. For instance, 2'-OH-BDE-68, one of the most naturally abundant OH-PBDEs, could be formed at a relatively high yield possibly via the coupling between bromophenoxyl radicals generated from the one-electron oxidation of 2,4-diBrP by Mn(VII). Given the altered or enhanced toxicological effects of these brominated polymeric products compared to the BrP precursors, it is important to better understand their reactivity and fate before Mn(VII) is applied by water utilities for the oxidative treatment of BrP-containing waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
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Remucal CK, Ginder-Vogel M. A critical review of the reactivity of manganese oxides with organic contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:1247-66. [PMID: 24791271 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00703k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring manganese (Mn(iii/iv)) oxides are ubiquitous in a wide range of environmental settings and play a key role in numerous biogeochemical cycles. In addition, Mn(iii/iv) oxides are powerful oxidants that are capable of oxidizing a wide range of compounds. This review critically assesses the reactivity of Mn oxides with organic contaminants. Initial work with organic reductants employed high concentrations of model compounds (e.g., substituted phenols and anilines) and emphasized the reductive dissolution of the Mn oxides. Studies with lower concentrations of organic contaminants demonstrate that Mn oxides are capable of oxidizing a wide range of compounds (e.g., antibacterial agents, endocrine disruptors, and pesticides). Both model compounds and organic contaminants undergo similar reaction mechanisms on the oxide surface. The oxidation rates of organic compounds by manganese oxides are dependent upon solution conditions, such as pH and the presence of cations, anions, or dissolved organic matter. Similarly, physicochemical properties of the minerals used affect the rates of organic compound oxidation, which increase with the average oxidation state, redox potential, and specific surface area of the Mn oxides. Due to their reactivity with contaminants under environmentally relevant conditions, Mn oxides may oxidize contaminants in soils and/or be applied in water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina K Remucal
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 660 N. Park St., Madison, WI, USA.
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Huguet M, Simon V, Gallard H. Transformation of paracetamol into 1,4-benzoquinone by a manganese oxide bed filter. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 271:245-51. [PMID: 24632488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the transformation of paracetamol (PRC) by a granular manganeseoxide in a column bed reactor. Paracetamol was quantitatively transformed into p-benzoquinone(BZQ) for empty bed residence times (EBRT) <5 min at pH 6.0. For 5mM MOPS (3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid) and pH 7.0, the mean removal yield of PRC was 77% for initial PRC concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 50 μM. Conversion of PRC and formation of BZQ decreased when pH increased from 6 to 8. Dimer of PRC was observed at pH 7.0, which could explain the lower conversion into BZQ when pH increased. The presence of organic buffer MOPS and natural organic matter (NOM) reduced the oxidation of PRC because of competition reactions for active sites. The formation of the toxic BZQ metabolite was reduced in presence of NOM because of cross-coupling reactions between phenoxyl radicals and NOM. Results suggest that manganese oxide bed filter can be used to remove pharmaceutical compounds including phenolic moiety in their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Huguet
- Université de Poitiers - CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP - ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré, Poitiers Cedex 86022, France.
| | - Virginie Simon
- Université de Poitiers - CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP - ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré, Poitiers Cedex 86022, France.
| | - Hervé Gallard
- Université de Poitiers - CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP - ENSIP, 1 rue Marcel Doré, Poitiers Cedex 86022, France.
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Wang Y, Liu H, Liu G, Xie Y. Oxidation of diclofenac by aqueous chlorine dioxide: identification of major disinfection byproducts and toxicity evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 473-474:437-445. [PMID: 24388821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF), a synthetic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In this work, the mechanism and toxicity of DCF degradation by ClO2 under simulated water disinfection conditions were investigated. Experimental results indicate that rapid and significant oxidation of DCF occurred within the first few minutes; however, its mineralization process was longer than its degradation process. UPLC-MS and (1)H NMR spectroscopy were performed to identify major disinfection byproducts that were generated in three tentative degradation routes. The two main routes were based on initial decarboxylation of DCF on the aliphatic chain and hydroxylation of the phenylacetic acid moiety at the C-4 position. Subsequently, the formed aldehyde intermediates were the starting point for further multistep degradation involving decarboxylation, hydroxylation, and oxidation reactions of CN bond cleavage. The third route was based on transient preservation of chlorinated derivatives resulting from electrophilic attack by chlorine on the aromatic ring, which similarly underwent CN bond cleavage. Microtox bioassay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of solutions treated by ClO2. The formation of more toxic mid-byproducts during the ClO2 disinfection process poses a potential risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, PR China; School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Haijin Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, PR China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Youhai Xie
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Henan Key laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
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Sathishkumar P, Mythili A, Hadibarata T, Jayakumar R, Kanthimathi MS, Palvannan T, Ponraj M, Salim MR, Mohd Yusoff AR. Laccase mediated diclofenac transformation and cytotoxicity assessment on mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46014b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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