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He M, Borlak J. A genomic perspective of the aging human and mouse lung with a focus on immune response and cellular senescence. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:58. [PMID: 37932771 PMCID: PMC10626779 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging lung is a complex process and influenced by various stressors, especially airborne pathogens and xenobiotics. Additionally, a lifetime exposure to antigens results in structural and functional changes of the lung; yet an understanding of the cell type specific responses remains elusive. To gain insight into age-related changes in lung function and inflammaging, we evaluated 89 mouse and 414 individual human lung genomic data sets with a focus on genes mechanistically linked to extracellular matrix (ECM), cellular senescence, immune response and pulmonary surfactant, and we interrogated single cell RNAseq data to fingerprint cell type specific changes. RESULTS We identified 117 and 68 mouse and human genes linked to ECM remodeling which accounted for 46% and 27%, respectively of all ECM coding genes. Furthermore, we identified 73 and 31 mouse and human genes linked to cellular senescence, and the majority code for the senescence associated secretory phenotype. These cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are primarily secreted by macrophages and fibroblasts. Single-cell RNAseq data confirmed age-related induced expression of marker genes of macrophages, neutrophil, eosinophil, dendritic, NK-, CD4+, CD8+-T and B cells in the lung of aged mice. This included the highly significant regulation of 20 genes coding for the CD3-T-cell receptor complex. Conversely, for the human lung we primarily observed macrophage and CD4+ and CD8+ marker genes as changed with age. Additionally, we noted an age-related induced expression of marker genes for mouse basal, ciliated, club and goblet cells, while for the human lung, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts marker genes increased with age. Therefore, we infer a change in cellular activity of these cell types with age. Furthermore, we identified predominantly repressed expression of surfactant coding genes, especially the surfactant transporter Abca3, thus highlighting remodeling of surfactant lipids with implications for the production of inflammatory lipids and immune response. CONCLUSION We report the genomic landscape of the aging lung and provide a rationale for its growing stiffness and age-related inflammation. By comparing the mouse and human pulmonary genome, we identified important differences between the two species and highlight the complex interplay of inflammaging, senescence and the link to ECM remodeling in healthy but aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Nandadasa S, Martin D, Deshpande G, Robert KL, Stack MS, Itoh Y, Apte SS. Degradomic Identification of Membrane Type 1-Matrix Metalloproteinase as an ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS20 Substrate. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100566. [PMID: 37169079 PMCID: PMC10267602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The secreted metalloproteases ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS20 are implicated in extracellular matrix proteolysis and primary cilium biogenesis. Here, we show that clonal gene-edited RPE-1 cells in which ADAMTS9 was inactivated, and which constitutively lack ADAMTS20 expression, have morphologic characteristics distinct from parental RPE-1 cells. To investigate underlying proteolytic mechanisms, a quantitative terminomics method, terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates was used to compare the parental and gene-edited RPE-1 cells and their medium to identify ADAMTS9 substrates. Among differentially abundant neo-amino (N) terminal peptides arising from secreted and transmembrane proteins, a peptide with lower abundance in the medium of gene-edited cells suggested cleavage at the Tyr314-Gly315 bond in the ectodomain of the transmembrane metalloprotease membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), whose mRNA was also reduced in gene-edited cells. This cleavage, occurring in the MT1-MMP hinge, that is, between the catalytic and hemopexin domains, was orthogonally validated both by lack of an MT1-MMP catalytic domain fragment in the medium of gene-edited cells and restoration of its release from the cell surface by reexpression of ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS20 and was dependent on hinge O-glycosylation. A C-terminally semitryptic MT1-MMP peptide with greater abundance in WT RPE-1 medium identified a second ADAMTS9 cleavage site in the MT1-MMP hemopexin domain. Consistent with greater retention of MT1-MMP on the surface of gene-edited cells, pro-MMP2 activation, which requires cell surface MT1-MMP, was increased. MT1-MMP knockdown in gene-edited ADAMTS9/20-deficient cells restored focal adhesions but not ciliogenesis. The findings expand the web of interacting proteases at the cell surface, suggest a role for ADAMTS9 and ADAMTS20 in regulating cell surface activity of MT1-MMP, and indicate that MT1-MMP shedding does not underlie their observed requirement in ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeda Nandadasa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Daniel Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gauravi Deshpande
- Imaging Core Facility, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karyn L Robert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Sharon Stack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Harper Cancer Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Itoh
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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3
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McGowan SE. Discoidin domain receptor-2 enhances secondary alveolar septation in mice by activating integrins and modifying focal adhesions. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L307-L324. [PMID: 36719983 PMCID: PMC9988528 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00169.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the pulmonary parenchyma must maintain the structural relationships among resident cells during the constant distortion imposed by respiration. This dictates that both the ECM and cells adapt to changes in shape, while retaining their attachment. Membrane-associated integrins and discoidin domain receptors (DDR) bind collagen and transmit signals to the cellular cytoskeleton. Although the contributions of DDR2 to collagen deposition and remodeling during osseous development are evident, it is unclear how DDR2 contributes to lung development. Using mice (smallie, Slie/Slie, DDR2Δ) bearing a spontaneous inactivating deletion within the DDR2 coding region, we observed a decrease in gas-exchange surface area and enlargement of alveolar ducts. Compared with fibroblasts isolated from littermate controls, DDR2Δ fibroblasts, spread more slowly, developed fewer lamellipodia, and were less responsive to the rigidity of neighboring collagen fibers. Activated β1-integrin (CD29) was reduced in focal adhesions (FA) of DDR2Δ fibroblasts, less phospho-zyxin localized to and fewer FA developed over ventral actin stress fibers, and the adhesions had a lower aspect ratio compared with controls. However, DDR2 deletion did not reduce cellular displacement of the ECM. Our findings indicate that DDR2, in concert with collagen-binding β1-integrins, regulates the timing and location of focal adhesion formation and how lung fibroblasts respond to ECM rigidity. Reduced rigidity sensing and mechano-responsiveness may contribute to the distortion of alveolar ducts, where the fiber cable-network is enriched and tensile forces are concentrated. Strategies targeting DDR2 could help guide fibroblasts to locations where tensile forces organize parenchymal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E McGowan
- Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
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4
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Wiśniowski T, Bryda J, Wątroba S. The role of matrix metalloproteinases in pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment of human prostate cancer. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The prostate gland is highly susceptible to oncogenic transformation, many times more than other sex tissues, such as seminal vesicles. In fact, prostate cancer (PCa) will be diagnosed in one in seven lifetime patients, making PCa the subject of intense research aimed at clarifying its biology and providing adequate treatment. PCa is the fourth most common cancer in the world in terms of the overall population and the second most common cancer for the male population. It is postulated that the development of PCa may be influenced by dietary factors, physical and sexual activity, androgens, obesity, and inflammation, but their role in the development of prostate cancer still remains unclear. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs) play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, cell differentiation, participation in inflammatory processes and angiogenesis. Numerous studies point to a direct relationship between MMPs and both local tumor invasion and the formation of distant metastases. High activity of MMPs is observed in solid tumors of various origins, which positively correlates with a poor overall survival rate. Although biochemical diagnostic markers of PCa are currently available, from the point of view of clinical practice, it seems particularly important to develop new and more sensitive markers allowing for early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of patients after PCa treatment, and the assessment of MMP activity in urine and serum of patients are potential factors that could play such a role.
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5
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Vanadium Modulates Proteolytic Activities and MMP-14-Like Levels during Paracentrotus lividus Embryogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214238. [PMID: 36430713 PMCID: PMC9697301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing industrial use of vanadium (V), as well as its recent medical use in various pathologies has intensified its environmental release, making it an emerging pollutant. The sea urchin embryo has long been used to study the effects induced by metals, including V. In this study we used an integrated approach that correlates the biological effects on embryo development with proteolytic activities of gelatinases that could better reflect any metal-induced imbalances. V-exposure caused morphological/morphometric aberrations, mainly concerning the correct distribution of embryonic cells, the development of the skeleton, and the embryo volume. Moreover, V induced a concentration change in all the gelatinases expressed during embryo development and a reduction in their total proteolytic activity. The presence of three MMP-like gelatinases (MMP-2, -9, and -14) was also demonstrated and their levels depended on V-concentration. In particular, the MMP-14-like protein modified its expression level during embryo development in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This enzyme also showed a specific localization on filopodia, suggesting that primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) could be responsible for its synthesis. In conclusion, these results indicate that an integrated study among morphology/morphometry, proteolytic activity, and MMP-14 expression constitutes an important response profile to V-action.
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6
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Xu X, Zhang Y, Ha P, Chen Y, Li C, Yen E, Bai Y, Chen R, Wu BM, Da Lio A, Ting K, Soo C, Zheng Z. A novel injectable fibromodulin-releasing granular hydrogel for tendon healing and functional recovery. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 8:e10355. [PMID: 36684085 PMCID: PMC9842059 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A crucial component of the musculoskeletal system, the tendon is one of the most commonly injured tissues in the body. In severe cases, the ruptured tendon leads to permanent dysfunction. Although many efforts have been devoted to seeking a safe and efficient treatment for enhancing tendon healing, currently existing treatments have not yet achieved a major clinical improvement. Here, an injectable granular hyaluronic acid (gHA)-hydrogel is engineered to deliver fibromodulin (FMOD)-a bioactive extracellular matrix (ECM) that enhances tenocyte mobility and optimizes the surrounding ECM assembly for tendon healing. The FMOD-releasing granular HA (FMOD/gHA)-hydrogel exhibits unique characteristics that are desired for both patients and health providers, such as permitting a microinvasive application and displaying a burst-to-sustained two-phase release of FMOD, which leads to a prompt FMOD delivery followed by a constant dose-maintaining period. Importantly, the generated FMOD-releasing granular HA hydrogel significantly augmented tendon-healing in a fully-ruptured rat's Achilles tendon model histologically, mechanically, and functionally. Particularly, the breaking strength of the wounded tendon and the gait performance of treated rats returns to the same normal level as the healthy controls. In summary, a novel effective FMOD/gHA-hydrogel is developed in response to the urgent demand for promoting tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Traumatic SurgeryBeijing Stomatological Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Division of Growth and DevelopmentSchool of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yulong Zhang
- School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Pin Ha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Division of Growth and DevelopmentSchool of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yao Chen
- School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chenshuang Li
- Department of OrthodonticsSchool of Dental Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Emily Yen
- Arcadia High SchoolArcadiaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of OrthodonticsBeijing Stomatological Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Renji Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Traumatic SurgeryBeijing Stomatological Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Benjamin M. Wu
- School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew Da Lio
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kang Ting
- Forsyth Research InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA,Samueli School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Chia Soo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA,Division of Growth and DevelopmentSchool of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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7
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Abstract
Fluid secretion by exocrine glandular organs is essential to the survival of mammals. Each glandular unit within the body is uniquely organized to carry out its own specific functions, with failure to establish these specialized structures resulting in impaired organ function. Here, we review glandular organs in terms of shared and divergent architecture. We first describe the structural organization of the diverse glandular secretory units (the end-pieces) and their fluid transporting systems (the ducts) within the mammalian system, focusing on how tissue architecture corresponds to functional output. We then highlight how defects in development of end-piece and ductal architecture impacts secretory function. Finally, we discuss how knowledge of exocrine gland structure-function relationships can be applied to the development of new diagnostics, regenerative approaches and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameed Khan
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sarah Fitch
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sarah Knox
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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8
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Liu TH, Wei Y, Dong XL, Chen P, Wang L, Yang X, Lu C, Pan MH. The dual roles of three MMPs and TIMP in innate immunity and metamorphosis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. FEBS J 2021; 289:2828-2846. [PMID: 34862848 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitory factors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are implicated in many diseases. However, the mammalian MMPs (> 20) and TIMPs (> 3) are larger in number, and so little is known about their individual roles in organisms. Hence, we have systematically studied the roles of all three MMPs and one TIMP in silkworm innate immunity and metamorphosis. We observed that MMPs and TIMP are highly expressed during the pupation stage of the silkworms, and TIMP could interact with each MMPs. High-activity MMPs and low-activity TIMP may enhance the infection of B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus in both in vitro and in vivo. MMPs' knockout and TIMP overexpression delayed silkworm development and even caused death. Interestingly, different MMPs' knockout led to different tubular tissue dysplasia. These findings provide insights into the conserved functions of MMPs and TIMP in human organogenesis and immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Long Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Rippa AL, Alpeeva EV, Vasiliev AV, Vorotelyak EA. Alveologenesis: What Governs Secondary Septa Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212107. [PMID: 34829987 PMCID: PMC8618598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The simplification of alveoli leads to various lung pathologies such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema. Deep insight into the process of emergence of the secondary septa during development and regeneration after pneumonectomy, and into the contribution of the drivers of alveologenesis and neo-alveolarization is required in an efficient search for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we describe the formation of the gas exchange units of the lung as a multifactorial process, which includes changes in the actomyosin cytoskeleton of alveocytes and myofibroblasts, elastogenesis, retinoic acid signaling, and the contribution of alveolar mesenchymal cells in secondary septation. Knowledge of the mechanistic context of alveologenesis remains incomplete. The characterization of the mechanisms that govern the emergence and depletion of αSMA will allow for an understanding of how the niche of fibroblasts is changing. Taking into account the intense studies that have been performed on the pool of lung mesenchymal cells, we present data on the typing of interstitial fibroblasts and their role in the formation and maintenance of alveoli. On the whole, when identifying cell subpopulations in lung mesenchyme, one has to consider the developmental context, the changing cellular functions, and the lability of gene signatures.
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10
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Dynamic Expression of Membrane Type 1-Matrix Metalloproteinase (Mt1-mmp/Mmp14) in the Mouse Embryo. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092448. [PMID: 34572097 PMCID: PMC8465375 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MT1-MMP/MMP14 belongs to a subgroup of the matrix metalloproteinases family that presents a transmembrane domain, with a cytosolic tail and the catalytic site exposed to the extracellular space. Deficient mice for this enzyme result in early postnatal death and display severe defects in skeletal, muscle and lung development. By using a transgenic line expressing the LacZ reporter under the control of the endogenous Mt1-mmp promoter, we reported a dynamic spatiotemporal expression pattern for Mt1-mmp from early embryonic to perinatal stages during cardiovascular development and brain formation. Thus, Mt1-mmp shows expression in the endocardium of the heart and the truncus arteriosus by E8.5, and is also strongly detected during vascular system development as well as in endothelial cells. In the brain, LacZ reporter expression was detected in the olfactory bulb, the rostral cerebral cortex and the caudal mesencephalic tectum. LacZ-positive cells were observed in neural progenitors of the spinal cord, neural crest cells and the intersomitic region. In the limb, Mt1-mmp expression was restricted to blood vessels, cartilage primordium and muscles. Detection of the enzyme was confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. We suggest novel functions for this metalloproteinase in angiogenesis, endocardial formation and vascularization during organogenesis. Moreover, Mt1-mmp expression revealed that the enzyme may contribute to heart, muscle and brain throughout development.
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11
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Jimi E, Honda H, Nakamura I. The unique function of p130Cas in regulating the bone metabolism. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107965. [PMID: 34391790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
p130 Crk-associated substrate (Cas) functions as an adapter protein and plays important roles in certain cell functions, such as cell proliferation, spreading, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, it has recently been reported to have a new function as a mechanosensor. Since bone is a tissue that is constantly under gravity, it is exposed to mechanical stress. Mechanical unloading, such as in a microgravity environment in space or during bed rest, leads to a decrease in bone mass because of the suppression of bone formation and the stimulation of bone resorption. Osteoclasts are multinucleated bone-resorbing giant cells that recognize bone and then form a ruffled border in the resorption lacuna. p130Cas is a molecule located downstream of c-Src that is important for the formation of a ruffled border in osteoclasts. Indeed, osteoclast-specific p130Cas-deficient mice exhibit osteopetrosis due to osteoclast dysfunction, similar to c-Src-deficient mice. Osteoblasts subjected to mechanical stress induce both the phosphorylation of p130Cas and osteoblast differentiation. In osteocytes, mechanical stress regulates bone mass by shuttling p130Cas between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells express p130Cas more strongly than epithelial cells in normal tissues. The knockdown of p130Cas in OSCC cells suppressed the cell growth, the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, which induces osteoclast formation, and bone invasion by OSCC. Taken together, these findings suggest that p130Cas might be a novel therapeutic target molecule in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone loss due to bed rest, and bone invasion and metastasis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijiro Jimi
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Honda
- Field of Human Disease Models, Major in Advanced Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yugawara Hospital, Japan Community Health Care Organization, 2-21-6 Chuo, Yugawara, Ashigara-shimo, Kanagawa 259-0396, Japan
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12
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Romero Y, Aquino-Gálvez A. Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis: Part of the Problem and Part of the Solution. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8335. [PMID: 34361103 PMCID: PMC8348404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive responses to hypoxia are involved in the progression of lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. However, it has not been pointed out that hypoxia may be the link between these diseases. As tumors or scars expand, a lack of oxygen results in the activation of the hypoxia response, promoting cell survival even during chronic conditions. The role of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) as master regulators of this adaptation is crucial in both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which have shown the active transcriptional signature of this pathway. Emerging evidence suggests that interconnected feedback loops such as metabolic changes, fibroblast differentiation or extracellular matrix remodeling contribute to HIF overactivation, making it an irreversible phenomenon. This review will focus on the role of HIF signaling and its possible overlapping in order to identify new opportunities in therapy and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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13
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Moracho N, Learte AIR, Muñoz-Sáez E, Marchena MA, Cid MA, Arroyo AG, Sánchez-Camacho C. Emerging roles of MT-MMPs in embryonic development. Dev Dyn 2021; 251:240-275. [PMID: 34241926 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are cell membrane-tethered proteinases that belong to the family of the MMPs. Apart from their roles in degradation of the extracellular milieu, MT-MMPs are able to activate through proteolytic processing at the cell surface distinct molecules such as receptors, growth factors, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and other pericellular proteins. Although most of the information regarding these enzymes comes from cancer studies, our current knowledge about their contribution in distinct developmental processes occurring in the embryo is limited. In this review, we want to summarize the involvement of MT-MMPs in distinct processes during embryonic morphogenesis, including cell migration and proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell polarity and branching, axon growth and navigation, synapse formation, and angiogenesis. We also considered information about MT-MMP functions from studies assessed in pathological conditions and compared these data with those relevant for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Moracho
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I R Learte
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Sáez
- Department of Health Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Marchena
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Cid
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Camacho
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Nandadasa S, Burin des Roziers C, Koch C, Tran-Lundmark K, Dours-Zimmermann MT, Zimmermann DR, Valleix S, Apte SS. A new mouse mutant with cleavage-resistant versican and isoform-specific versican mutants demonstrate that proteolysis at the Glu 441-Ala 442 peptide bond in the V1 isoform is essential for interdigital web regression. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 10:100064. [PMID: 34195596 PMCID: PMC8233476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
• A novel Vcan mouse allele, VcanAA, has ADAMTS protease-resistant versican. • VcanAA/AA mice are viable and develop soft tissue-syndactyly (STS) • VcanAA/AA STS is rendered more severe in combination with Adamts20Bt/Bt. • Mice lacking the versican GAGβ domain, but not the GAGα domain, also have STS. • The versican GAGβ proteolytic fragment versikine is necessary for web regression.
Two inherent challenges in the mechanistic interpretation of protease-deficient phenotypes are defining the specific substrate cleavages whose reduction generates the phenotypes and determining whether the phenotypes result from loss of substrate function, substrate accumulation, or loss of a function(s) embodied in the substrate fragments. Hence, recapitulation of a protease-deficient phenotype by a cleavage-resistant substrate would stringently validate the importance of a proteolytic event and clarify the underlying mechanisms. Versican is a large proteoglycan required for development of the circulatory system and proper limb development, and is cleaved by ADAMTS proteases at the Glu441-Ala442 peptide bond located in its alternatively spliced GAGβ domain. Specific ADAMTS protease mutants have impaired interdigit web regression leading to soft tissue syndactyly that is associated with reduced versican proteolysis. Versikine, the N-terminal proteolytic fragment generated by this cleavage, restores interdigit apoptosis in ADAMTS mutant webs. Here, we report a new mouse transgene, VcanAA, with validated mutations in the GAGβ domain that specifically abolish this proteolytic event. VcanAA/AA mice have partially penetrant hindlimb soft tissue syndactyly. However, Adamts20 inactivation in VcanAA/AA mice leads to fully penetrant, more severe syndactyly affecting all limbs, suggesting that ADAMTS20 cleavage of versican at other sites or of other substrates is an additional requirement for web regression. Indeed, immunostaining with a neoepitope antibody against a cleavage site in the versican GAGα domain demonstrated reduced staining in the absence of ADAMTS20. Significantly, mice with deletion of Vcan exon 8, encoding the GAGβ domain, consistently developed soft tissue syndactyly, whereas mice unable to include exon 7, encoding the GAGα domain in Vcan transcripts, consistently had fully separated digits. These findings suggest that versican is cleaved within each GAG-bearing domain during web regression, and affirms that proteolysis in the GAGβ domain, via generation of versikine, has an essential role in interdigital web regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeda Nandadasa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Cyril Burin des Roziers
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016 - CNRS UMR8104 - Paris Descartes University Medical School, 24, Rue du faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Christopher Koch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Karin Tran-Lundmark
- Department of Experimental Medical Science and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - María T Dours-Zimmermann
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dieter R Zimmermann
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Valleix
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016 - CNRS UMR8104 - Paris Descartes University Medical School, 24, Rue du faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
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15
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Wątroba S, Wiśniowski T, Bryda J, Kurzepa J. Characteristics of matrix metalloproteinases and their role in embryogenesis of the mammalian respiratory system. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The human respiratory system appears as an outgrowth from the ventral wall of the primary foregut and its development includes a series of subsequent processes, dependent on the interactions between endothelial cells, respiratory epithelium and extracellular matrix (ECM). These interactions determine the acquisition of normal structural and functional features of the newly created tissues. The essential role in the morphogenesis of the respiratory system is performed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs are endopeptidases containing zinc ion in their active center, necessary for the processes of hydrolysis of peptide bonds of substrates. The production of MMPs takes place in most connective tissue cells, leukocytes, macrophages, vascular endothelial cells as well as in neurons, glial cells and in tumor cells. Like other proteolytic enzymes, MMPs are produced and secreted in the form of inactive pro-enzymes, and their activation occurs in the extracellular space. MMPs perform both physiological and pathological functions during tissue modeling and their role in embryogenesis is based on the regulation of angiogenesis processes, stroma formation and cells migration. This article aims to characterize, discuss and demonstrate the activity and the role of MMPs in the subsequent stages of respiratory development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Wątroba
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Independent Public Healthcare , Puławy , Poland
| | - Tomasz Wiśniowski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology , St. John of God Independent Public Provincial Hospital , Lublin , Poland
| | - Jarosław Bryda
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene , Voivodship Veterinary Inspectorate , Lublin , Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Department of Medical Chemistry , Medical University , Lublin , Poland
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16
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Barrows CM, Wu D, Farach-Carson MC, Young S. Building a Functional Salivary Gland for Cell-Based Therapy: More than Secretory Epithelial Acini. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1332-1348. [PMID: 32829674 PMCID: PMC7759264 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A few treatment options exist for patients experiencing xerostomia due to hyposalivation that occurs as a result of disease or injury to the gland. An opportunity for a permanent solution lies in the field of salivary gland replacement through tissue engineering. Recent success emboldens in the vision of producing a tissue-engineered salivary gland composed of differentiated salivary epithelial cells that are able to differentiate to form functional units that produce and deliver saliva to the oral cavity. This vision is augmented by advances in understanding cellular mechanisms that guide branching morphogenesis and salivary epithelial cell polarization in both acinar and ductal structures. Growth factors and other guidance cues introduced into engineered constructs help to develop a more complex glandular structure that seeks to mimic native salivary gland tissue. This review describes the separate epithelial phenotypes that make up the gland, and it describes their relationship with the other cell types such as nerve and vasculature that surround them. The review is organized around the links between the native components that form and contribute to various aspects of salivary gland development, structure, and function and how this information can drive the design of functional tissue-engineered constructs. In addition, we discuss the attributes of various biomaterials commonly used to drive function and form in engineered constructs. The review also contains a current description of the state-of-the-art of the field, including successes and challenges in creating materials for preclinical testing in animal models. The ability to integrate biomolecular cues in combination with a range of materials opens the door to the design of increasingly complex salivary gland structures that, once accomplished, can lead to breakthroughs in other fields of tissue engineering of epithelial-based exocrine glands or oral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlynn M.L. Barrows
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Danielle Wu
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mary C. Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biosciences and Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Simon Young
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Haibe Y, Kreidieh M, El Hajj H, Khalifeh I, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Shamseddine A. Resistance Mechanisms to Anti-angiogenic Therapies in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:221. [PMID: 32175278 PMCID: PMC7056882 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis rely on tumor vascular network for the adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients. Tumor angiogenesis relies on a highly complex program of growth factor signaling, endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and stromal cell interactions. Numerous pro-angiogenic drivers have been identified, the most important of which is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The importance of pro-angiogenic inducers in tumor growth, invasion and extravasation make them an excellent therapeutic target in several types of cancers. Hence, the number of anti-angiogenic agents developed for cancer treatment has risen over the past decade, with at least eighty drugs being investigated in preclinical studies and phase I-III clinical trials. To date, the most common approaches to the inhibition of the VEGF axis include the blockade of VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) or ligands by neutralizing antibodies, as well as the inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) enzymes. Despite promising preclinical results, anti-angiogenic monotherapies led only to mild clinical benefits. The minimal benefits could be secondary to primary or acquired resistance, through the activation of alternative mechanisms that sustain tumor vascularization and growth. Mechanisms of resistance are categorized into VEGF-dependent alterations, non-VEGF pathways and stromal cell interactions. Thus, complementary approaches such as the combination of these inhibitors with agents targeting alternative mechanisms of blood vessel formation are urgently needed. This review provides an updated overview on the pathophysiology of angiogenesis during tumor growth. It also sheds light on the different pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic agents that have been developed to date. Finally, it highlights the preclinical evidence for mechanisms of angiogenic resistance and suggests novel therapeutic approaches that might be exploited with the ultimate aim of overcoming resistance and improving clinical outcomes for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolla Haibe
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malek Kreidieh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba El Hajj
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Khalifeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sally Temraz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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18
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Esteban S, Clemente C, Koziol A, Gonzalo P, Rius C, Martínez F, Linares PM, Chaparro M, Urzainqui A, Andrés V, Seiki M, Gisbert JP, Arroyo AG. Endothelial MT1-MMP targeting limits intussusceptive angiogenesis and colitis via TSP1/nitric oxide axis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e10862. [PMID: 31793743 PMCID: PMC7005619 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis contributes to cancer progression and chronic inflammatory diseases. In inflammatory bowel disease, the microvasculature expands by intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA), a poorly characterized mechanism involving increased blood flow and splitting of pre-existing capillaries. In this report, mice lacking the protease MT1-MMP in endothelial cells (MT1iΔEC ) presented limited IA in the capillary plexus of the colon mucosa assessed by 3D imaging during 1% DSS-induced colitis. This resulted in better tissue perfusion, preserved intestinal morphology, and milder disease activity index. Combined in vivo intravital microscopy and lentiviral rescue experiments with in vitro cell culture demonstrated that MT1-MMP activity in endothelial cells is required for vasodilation and IA, as well as for nitric oxide production via binding of the C-terminal fragment of MT1-MMP substrate thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) to CD47/αvβ3 integrin. Moreover, TSP1 levels were significantly higher in serum from IBD patients and in vivo administration of an anti-MT1-MMP inhibitory antibody or a nonamer peptide spanning the αvβ3 integrin binding site in TSP1 reduced IA during mouse colitis. Our results identify MT1-MMP as a new actor in inflammatory IA and a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Esteban
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Cristina Clemente
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Agnieszka Koziol
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Cristina Rius
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER‐CV)MadridSpain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Bioinformatics UnitCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Pablo M Linares
- Gastroenterology UnitHospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐IP)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER‐EHD)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - María Chaparro
- Gastroenterology UnitHospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐IP)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER‐EHD)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ana Urzainqui
- Immunology DepartmentFIB‐Hospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER‐CV)MadridSpain
| | - Motoharu Seiki
- Division of Cancer Cell ResearchInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology UnitHospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐IP)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER‐EHD)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology AreaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB‐CSIC)MadridSpain
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19
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Kanno E, Tanno H, Masaki A, Sasaki A, Sato N, Goto M, Shisai M, Yamaguchi K, Takagi N, Shoji M, Kitai Y, Sato K, Kasamatsu J, Ishii K, Miyasaka T, Kawakami K, Imai Y, Iwakura Y, Maruyama R, Tachi M, Kawakami K. Defect of Interferon γ Leads to Impaired Wound Healing through Prolonged Neutrophilic Inflammatory Response and Enhanced MMP-2 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225657. [PMID: 31726690 PMCID: PMC6888635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-γ is mainly secreted by CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1), natural killer (NK) and NKT cells after skin injury. Although IFN-γ is well known regarding its inhibitory effects on collagen synthesis by fibroblasts in vitro, information is limited regarding its role in wound healing in vivo. In the present study, we analyzed how the defect of IFN-γ affects wound healing. Full-thickness wounds were created on the backs of wild type (WT) C57BL/6 and IFN-γ-deficient (KO) mice. We analyzed the percent wound closure, wound breaking strength, accumulation of leukocytes, and expression levels of COL1A1, COL3A1, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). IFN-γKO mice exhibited significant attenuation in wound closure on Day 10 and wound breaking strength on Day 14 after wound creation, characteristics that are associated with prolonged neutrophil accumulation. Expression levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 mRNA were lower in IFN-γKO than in WT mice, whereas expression levels of MMP-2 (gelatinase) mRNA were significantly greater in IFN-γKO than in WT mice. Moreover, under neutropenic conditions created with anti-Gr-1 monoclonal antibodies, wound closure in IFN-γKO mice was recovered through low MMP-2 expression levels. These results suggest that IFN-γ may be involved in the proliferation and maturation stages of wound healing through the regulation of neutrophilic inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-8675
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Airi Masaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Ayako Sasaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Maiko Goto
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Mayu Shisai
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Kenji Yamaguchi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Naoyuki Takagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Miki Shoji
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 9818558, Japan; (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Kaori Kawakami
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 9818558, Japan; (T.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Laboratory Animals, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 2788510, Japan;
| | - Ryoko Maruyama
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (H.T.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (A.M.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (N.T.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan (Y.K.); (K.I.)
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; (K.S.)
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20
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Huang X, Mu X, Deng L, Fu A, Pu E, Tang T, Kong X. The etiologic origins for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:1139-1158. [PMID: 31213794 PMCID: PMC6549659 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s203215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD, characterized by long-term poorly irreversible airway limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms, has resulted in enormous challenges to human health worldwide, with increasing rates of prevalence, death, and disability. Although its origin was thought to be in the interactions of genetic with environmental factors, the effects of environmental factors on the disease during different life stages remain little known. Without clear mechanisms and radical cure for it, early screening and prevention of COPD seem to be important. In this review, we will discuss the etiologic origins for poor lung function and COPD caused by specific adverse effects during corresponding life stages, as well as try to find new insights and potential prevention strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Mu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- The Pathology Department, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Fu
- Department of Oncology, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Endong Pu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Kong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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21
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Sakr M, Li XY, Sabeh F, Feinberg TY, Tesmer JJG, Tang Y, Weiss SJ. Tracking the Cartoon mouse phenotype: Hemopexin domain-dependent regulation of MT1-MMP pericellular collagenolytic activity. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8113-8127. [PMID: 29643184 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Following ENU mutagenesis, a phenodeviant line was generated, termed the "Cartoon mouse," that exhibits profound defects in growth and development. Cartoon mice harbor a single S466P point mutation in the MT1-MMP hemopexin domain, a 200-amino acid segment that is thought to play a critical role in regulating MT1-MMP collagenolytic activity. Herein, we demonstrate that the MT1-MMPS466P mutation replicates the phenotypic status of Mt1-mmp-null animals as well as the functional characteristics of MT1-MMP-/- cells. However, rather than a loss-of-function mutation acquired as a consequence of defects in MT1-MMP proteolytic activity, the S466P substitution generates a misfolded, temperature-sensitive mutant that is abnormally retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). By contrast, the WT hemopexin domain does not play a required role in regulating MT1-MMP trafficking, as a hemopexin domain-deletion mutant is successfully mobilized to the cell surface and displays nearly normal collagenolytic activity. Alternatively, when MT1-MMPS466P-expressing cells are cultured at a permissive temperature of 25 °C that depresses misfolding, the mutant successfully traffics from the ER to the trans-Golgi network (ER → trans-Golgi network), where it undergoes processing to its mature form, mobilizes to the cell surface, and expresses type I collagenolytic activity. Together, these analyses define the Cartoon mouse as an unexpected gain-of-abnormal function mutation, wherein the temperature-sensitive mutant phenocopies MT1-MMP-/- mice as a consequence of eliciting a specific ER → trans-Golgi network trafficking defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Sakr
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt 32897
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Farideh Sabeh
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Tamar Y Feinberg
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - John J G Tesmer
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Yi Tang
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
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Little R, Zi M, Hammad SK, Nguyen L, Njegic A, Kurusamy S, Prehar S, Armesilla AL, Neyses L, Austin C, Cartwright EJ. Reduced expression of PMCA1 is associated with increased blood pressure with age which is preceded by remodelling of resistance arteries. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1104-1113. [PMID: 28795531 PMCID: PMC5595685 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a well‐established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, and older age is a risk factor for the development of hypertension. Genomewide association studies have linked ATP2B1, the gene for the plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1 (PMCA1), to blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. Here, we present the effects of reduction in the expression of PMCA1 on BP and small artery structure and function when combined with advancing age. Heterozygous PMCA1 null mice (PMCA1Ht) were generated and conscious BP was measured at 6 to 18 months of age. Passive and active properties of isolated small mesenteric arteries were examined by pressure myography. PMCA1Ht mice exhibited normal BP at 6 and 9 months of age but developed significantly elevated BP when compared to age‐matched wild‐type controls at ≥12 months of age. Decreased lumen diameter, increased wall thickness and increased wall:lumen ratio were observed in small mesenteric arteries from animals 9 months of age and older, indicative of eutrophic remodelling. Increases in mesenteric artery intrinsic tone and global intracellular calcium were evident in animals at both 6 and 18 months of age. Thus, decreased expression of PMCA1 is associated with increased BP when combined with advancing age. Changes in arterial structure precede the elevation of BP. Pathways involving PMCA1 may be a novel target for BP regulation in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Little
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; The University of Leeds; Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Min Zi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Sally K. Hammad
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Loan Nguyen
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Alexandra Njegic
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Sathishkumar Kurusamy
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science; School of Pharmacy; University of Wolverhampton; Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK
| | - Sukhpal Prehar
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Angel L. Armesilla
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science; School of Pharmacy; University of Wolverhampton; Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK
| | - Ludwig Neyses
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- University of Luxembourg; Avenue de l'Universite Esch-sur-Alzette L-4365 Luxembourg
| | - Clare Austin
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
- Faculty of Health and Social Care; Edge Hill University; Lancashire L39 4QP UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Cartwright
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; AV Hill Building Manchester M13 9PT UK
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NOGO-B promotes EMT in lung fibrosis via MMP14 mediates free TGF-beta1 formation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71024-71037. [PMID: 29050340 PMCID: PMC5642615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) appearing on the airway epithelial cell plays an essential role in the formation and development of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this paper, Bleomycin (BLM)-induced mice model combined with bioinformatics analysis were employed to elucidate the potential mechanism of EMT in pulmonary fibrosis. The obtained results showed that endoplasmic reticulum protein Nogo-b may promote MMP14-mediated proprotein maturation of TGF-β1, accelerating the release of free TGF-β1 in type II airway epithelial cells A549, subsquently, induce the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the cell. In all, the overexpression of Nogo-b play a role in the course of pulmonary fibrosis by influencing the EMT ability of cells.
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Keating M, Kurup A, Alvarez-Elizondo M, Levine A, Botvinick E. Spatial distributions of pericellular stiffness in natural extracellular matrices are dependent on cell-mediated proteolysis and contractility. Acta Biomater 2017; 57:304-312. [PMID: 28483696 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bulk tissue stiffness has been correlated with regulation of cellular processes and conversely cells have been shown to remodel their pericellular tissue according to a complex feedback mechanism critical to development, homeostasis, and disease. However, bulk rheological methods mask the dynamics within a heterogeneous fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) in the region proximal to a cell (pericellular region). Here, we use optical tweezers active microrheology (AMR) to probe the distribution of the complex material response function (α=α'+α″, in units of µm/nN) within a type I collagen ECM, a biomaterial commonly used in tissue engineering. We discovered cells both elastically and plastically deformed the pericellular material. α' is wildly heterogeneous, with 1/α' values spanning three orders of magnitude around a single cell. This was observed in gels having a cell-free 1/α' of approximately 0.5nN/µm. We also found that inhibition of cell contractility instantaneously softens the pericellular space and reduces stiffness heterogeneity, suggesting the system was strain hardened and not only plastically remodeled. The remaining regions of high stiffness suggest cellular remodeling of the surrounding matrix. To test this hypothesis, cells were incubated within the type I collagen gel for 24-h in a media containing a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor. While pericellular material maintained stiffness asymmetry, stiffness magnitudes were reduced. Dual inhibition demonstrates that the combination of MMP activity and contractility is necessary to establish the pericellular stiffness landscape. This heterogeneity in stiffness suggests the distribution of pericellular stiffness, and not bulk stiffness alone, must be considered in the study of cell-ECM interactions and design of complex biomaterial scaffolds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Collagen is a fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) protein widely used to study cell-ECM interactions. Stiffness of ECM has been shown to instruct cells, which can in turn modify their ECM, as has been shown in the study of cancer and regenerative medicine. Here we measure the stiffness of the collagen microenvironment surrounding cells and quantitatively measure the dependence of pericellular stiffness on MMP activity and cytoskeletal contractility. Competent cell-mediated stiffening results in a wildly heterogeneous micromechanical topography, with values spanning orders of magnitude around a single cell. We speculate studies must consider this notable heterogeneity generated by cells when testing theories regarding the role of ECM mechanics in health and disease.
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Abstract
The epithelium has many critical roles in homeostasis, including an essential responsibility in establishing tissue barriers. In addition to the fundamental role in separating internal from external environment, epithelial barriers maintain nutrient, fluid, electrolyte and metabolic waste balance in multiple organs. While, by definition, barrier function is conserved, the structure of the epithelium varies across organs. For example, the skin barrier is a squamous layer of cells with distinct structural features, while the lung barrier is composed of a very thin single cell to minimize diffusion space. With the increased focus on age-dependent alterations in organ structure and function, there is an emerging interest in the impact of age on epithelial barriers. This review will focus on the impact of aging on the epithelial barrier of several organs, including the skin, lung, gastrointestinal tract and the kidney, at a structural and functional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Parrish
- a Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology , School of Medicine, University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
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26
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Hendrix AY, Kheradmand F. The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Development, Repair, and Destruction of the Lungs. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 148:1-29. [PMID: 28662821 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Normal gas exchange after birth requires functional lung alveolar units that are lined with epithelial cells, parts of which are intricately fused with microvascular capillaries. A significant phase of alveolar lung development occurs in the perinatal period, continues throughout early stages in life, and requires activation of matrix-remodeling enzymes. Failure to achieve an optimum number of alveoli during lung maturation can cause several untoward medical consequences including disabling obstructive and/or restrictive lung diseases that limit physiological endurance and increase mortality. Several members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are critical in lung remodeling before and after birth; however, their resurgence in response to environmental factors, infection, and injury can also compromise lung function. Therefore, temporal expression, regulation, and function of MMPs play key roles in developing and maintaining adequate oxygenation under steady state, as well as in diseased conditions. Broadly, with the exception of MMP2 and MMP14, most deletional mutations of MMPs fail to perturb lung development; however, their individual absence can alter the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. Specifically, under stressed conditions such as acute respiratory infection and allergic inflammation, MMP2 and MMP9 can play a protective role through bacterial clearance and production of chemotactic gradient, while loss of MMP12 can protect mice from smoke-induced lung disease. Therefore, better understanding of the expression and function of MMPs under normal lung development and their resurgence in response respiratory diseases could provide new therapeutic options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Y Hendrix
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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27
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Shubin AD, Felong TJ, Schutrum BE, Joe DSL, Ovitt CE, Benoit DSW. Encapsulation of primary salivary gland cells in enzymatically degradable poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels promotes acinar cell characteristics. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:437-449. [PMID: 28039063 PMCID: PMC5455143 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy for head and neck cancers leads to permanent xerostomia due to the loss of secretory acinar cells in the salivary glands. Regenerative treatments utilizing primary submandibular gland (SMG) cells show modest improvements in salivary secretory function, but there is limited evidence of salivary gland regeneration. We have recently shown that poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels can support the survival and proliferation of SMG cells as multicellular spheres in vitro. To further develop this approach for cell-based salivary gland regeneration, we have investigated how different modes of PEG hydrogel degradation affect the proliferation, cell-specific gene expression, and epithelial morphology within encapsulated salivary gland spheres. Comparison of non-degradable, hydrolytically-degradable, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable, and mixed mode-degradable hydrogels showed that hydrogel degradation by any mechanism is required for significant proliferation of encapsulated cells. The expression of acinar phenotypic markers Aqp5 and Nkcc1 was increased in hydrogels that are MMP-degradable compared with other hydrogel compositions. However, expression of secretory acinar proteins Mist1 and Pip was not maintained to the same extent as phenotypic markers, suggesting changes in cell function upon encapsulation. Nevertheless, MMP- and mixed mode-degradability promoted organization of polarized cell types forming tight junctions and expression of the basement membrane proteins laminin and collagen IV within encapsulated SMG spheres. This work demonstrates that cellularly remodeled hydrogels can promote proliferation and gland-like organization by encapsulated salivary gland cells as well as maintenance of acinar cell characteristics required for regenerative approaches. Investigation is required to identify approaches to further enhance acinar secretory properties. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Regenerative strategies to replace damaged salivary glands require the function and organization of acinar cells. Hydrogel-based approaches have shown promise to control cell function and phenotype. However, little is known about how specific parameters, such as the mechanism of hydrogel degradation (e.g., hydrolytic or enzymatic), influence the viability, proliferation, organization, and phenotype of salivary gland cells. In this work, it is shown that hydrogel-encapsulated primary salivary gland cell proliferation is dependent upon hydrogel degradation. Hydrogels crosslinked with enzymatically degradable peptides promoted the expression of critical acinar cell markers, which are typically downregulated in primary cultures. Furthermore, salivary gland cells encapsulated in enzymatically- but not hydrolytically-degradable hydrogels displayed highly organized and polarized salivary gland cell markers, which mimics characteristics found in native gland tissue. In sum, results indicate that salivary gland cells respond to cellularly remodeled hydrogels, resulting in self-assembly and organization akin to acini substructures of the salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Shubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Timothy J Felong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Brittany E Schutrum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Debria S L Joe
- Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Catherine E Ovitt
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
| | - Danielle S W Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
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28
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Aguirre A, Blázquez-Prieto J, Amado-Rodriguez L, López-Alonso I, Batalla-Solís E, González-López A, Sánchez-Pérez M, Mayoral-Garcia C, Gutiérrez-Fernández A, Albaiceta GM. Matrix metalloproteinase-14 triggers an anti-inflammatory proteolytic cascade in endotoxemia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:487-497. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Feinberg TY, Rowe RG, Saunders TL, Weiss SJ. Functional roles of MMP14 and MMP15 in early postnatal mammary gland development. Development 2016; 143:3956-3968. [PMID: 27633994 DOI: 10.1242/dev.136259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During late embryogenesis, mammary epithelial cells initiate migration programs that drive ductal invasion into the surrounding adipose-rich mesenchyme. Currently, branching morphogenesis is thought to depend on the mobilization of the membrane-anchored matrix metalloproteinases MMP14 (MT1-MMP) and MMP15 (MT2-MMP), which drive epithelial cell invasion by remodeling the extracellular matrix and triggering associated signaling cascades. However, the roles that these proteinases play during mammary gland development in vivo remain undefined. Here, we characterize the impact of global Mmp14 and Mmp15 targeting on early postnatal mammary gland development in mice. Unexpectedly, both Mmp14-/- and Mmp15-/- mammary glands retain the ability to generate intact ductal networks. Although neither proteinase is required for branching morphogenesis, transcriptome profiling reveals a key role for MMP14 and MMP15 in regulating mammary gland adipocyte differentiation. Whereas MMP14 promotes the generation of white fat depots crucial for energy storage, MMP15 differentially controls the formation of thermogenic brown fat. Taken together, these data not only indicate that current paradigms relevant to proteinase-dependent morphogenesis need be revisited, but also identify new roles for the enzymes in regulating adipocyte fate determination in the developing mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Y Feinberg
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - R Grant Rowe
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas L Saunders
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Transgenic Animal Model Core, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA .,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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30
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Boucherat O, Morissette MC, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Maltais F. Bridging Lung Development with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Relevance of Developmental Pathways in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:362-75. [PMID: 26681127 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1518pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation. This generic term encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis, two common conditions, each having distinct but also overlapping features. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies have challenged the traditional view that COPD is exclusively an adult disease occurring after years of inhalational insults to the lungs, pinpointing abnormalities or disruption of the pathways that control lung development as an important susceptibility factor for adult COPD. In addition, there is growing evidence that emphysema is not solely a destructive process because it is also characterized by a failure in cell and molecular maintenance programs necessary for proper lung development. This leads to the concept that tissue regeneration required stimulation of signaling pathways that normally operate during development. We undertook a review of the literature to outline the contribution of developmental insults and genes in the occurrence and pathogenesis of COPD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu C Morissette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - François Maltais
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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31
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Horejs CM. Basement membrane fragments in the context of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:427-440. [PMID: 27397693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables cells of epithelial phenotype to become motile and change to a migratory mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is known to be a fundamental requisite for tissue morphogenesis, and EMT-related pathways have been described in cancer metastasis and tissue fibrosis. Epithelial structures are marked by the presence of a sheet-like extracellular matrix, the basement membrane, which is assembled from two major proteins, laminin and collagen type IV. This specialized matrix is essential for tissue function and integrity, and provides an important barrier to the potential pathogenic migration of cells. The profound phenotypic transition in EMT involves the epithelial cells disrupting the basement membrane. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to cleave components of basement membranes, but MMP-basement membrane crosstalk during EMT in vivo is poorly understood. However, MMPs have been reported to play a role in EMT-related processes and a variety of basement membrane fragments have been shown to be released by specific MMPs in vitro and in vivo exhibiting distinct biological activities. This review discusses general considerations regarding the basement membrane in the context of EMT, a possible role for specific MMPs in EMT and highlights biologically active basement membrane fragments liberated by MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine-Maria Horejs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles vaeg 2, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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32
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Beppu L, Yang T, Luk M, Newbury RO, Palmquist J, Dohil R, Kurten RC, Broide DH, Aceves SS. MMPs-2 and -14 Are Elevated in Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Reduced Following Topical Corticosteroid Therapy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61:194-9. [PMID: 25539192 PMCID: PMC4478274 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000000668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, antigen-mediated disease in children and adults associated with substantial esophageal remodeling and fibrosis. The expression of the remodeling-associated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has not been previously detailed in EoE. METHODS MMP-2 and -14 expression and cellular localization were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence in EoE fibroblasts, active and inactive pediatric EoE biopsies, and nondiseased control biopsies. The effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 treatment on MMP-2 expression in cultured esophageal epithelial (HET1A) cells was analyzed. RESULTS MMP-2 and -14 mRNA were expressed in EoE fibroblasts and biopsies. Proliferating epithelial cells produced MMP-14 more abundantly in EoE than in controls (P < 0.001) and the degree of epithelial MMP-14 expression correlated positively with basal zone hyperplasia (r = 0.65, P = 0.002). EoE lamina propria had higher numbers of MMP-2- and -14-positive cells (906 ± 167 and 701 ± 93 cells/mm²) as compared with controls (258 ± 93 cells/mm², P < 0.01 and 232 ± 54 cells/mm², P < 0.01), and MMP-14 expression correlated with the severity of fibrosis. Following therapy with topical corticosteroids, MMP-14 and -2 were significantly diminished (P < 0.01). TGF-β1 increased the expression and secretion of MMP-2 from esophageal epithelial HET1A cells. CONCLUSIONS MMP-2 and -14 are elevated in pediatric patients with EoE and significantly decrease following topical corticosteroid therapy. TGF-β1 increases MMP-2 in esophageal epithelial cells. This alludes to previously unappreciated role for MMPs in EoE-associated esophageal remodeling and a potential positive feedback loop via TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Beppu
- *Division of Allergy, Immunology, Center for Immunity, Infection, and Inflammation †Department of Pediatrics, University of California ‡Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock
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C/EBPβ and Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Differentially Regulate Adamts-1 Induction by Stimuli Associated with Vascular Remodeling. Mol Cell Biol 2015. [PMID: 26217013 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00494-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the metalloproteinase Adamts-1 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of vessel remodeling, but little is known about the signaling pathways that control Adamts-1 expression. We show that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiotensin-II, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, stimuli implicated in pathological vascular remodeling, increase Adamts-1 expression in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Analysis of the intracellular signaling pathways implicated in this process revealed that VEGF and angiotensin-II upregulate Adamts-1 expression via activation of differential signaling pathways that ultimately promote functional binding of the NFAT or C/EBPβ transcription factors, respectively, to the Adamts-1 promoter. Infusion of mice with angiotensin-II triggered phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of C/EBPβ proteins in aortic cells concomitantly with an increase in the expression of Adamts-1, further underscoring the importance of C/EBPβ signaling in angiotensin-II-induced upregulation of Adamts-1. Similarly, VEGF promoted NFAT activation and subsequent Adamts-1 induction in aortic wall in a calcineurin-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that Adamts-1 upregulation by inducers of pathological vascular remodeling is mediated by specific signal transduction pathways involving NFAT or C/EBPβ transcription factors. Targeting of these pathways may prove useful in the treatment of vascular disease.
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Strippoli R, Loureiro J, Moreno V, Benedicto I, Pérez Lozano ML, Barreiro O, Pellinen T, Minguet S, Foronda M, Osteso MT, Calvo E, Vázquez J, López Cabrera M, del Pozo MA. Caveolin-1 deficiency induces a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:102-23. [PMID: 25550395 PMCID: PMC4309670 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of renal replacement therapy whose repeated use can alter dialytic function through induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, eventually leading to PD discontinuation. The peritoneum from Cav1−/− mice showed increased EMT, thickness, and fibrosis. Exposure of Cav1−/− mice to PD fluids further increased peritoneal membrane thickness, altered permeability, and increased the number of FSP-1/cytokeratin-positive cells invading the sub-mesothelial stroma. High-throughput quantitative proteomics revealed increased abundance of collagens, FN, and laminin, as well as proteins related to TGF-β activity in matrices derived from Cav1−/− cells. Lack of Cav1 was associated with hyperactivation of a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1 pathway that regulated the Smad2-3/Smad1-5-8 balance. Pharmacological blockade of MEK rescued E-cadherin and ZO-1 inter-cellular junction localization, reduced fibrosis, and restored peritoneal function in Cav1−/− mice. Moreover, treatment of human PD-patient-derived MCs with drugs increasing Cav1 levels, as well as ectopic Cav1 expression, induced re-acquisition of epithelial features. This study demonstrates a pivotal role of Cav1 in the balance of epithelial versus mesenchymal state and suggests targets for the prevention of fibrosis during PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jesús Loureiro
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Moreno
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Benedicto
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Pérez Lozano
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teijo Pellinen
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Minguet
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Foronda
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Osteso
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel López Cabrera
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel del Pozo
- Department of Vascular biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Nelson DA, Larsen M. Heterotypic control of basement membrane dynamics during branching morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2015; 401:103-9. [PMID: 25527075 PMCID: PMC4465071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many mammalian organs undergo branching morphogenesis to create highly arborized structures with maximized surface area for specialized organ function. Cooperative cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions that sculpt the emerging tissue architecture are guided by dynamic basement membranes. Properties of the basement membrane are reciprocally controlled by the interacting epithelial and mesenchymal cell populations. Here we discuss how basement membrane remodeling is required for branching morphogenesis to regulate cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions that are required for cell patterning during morphogenesis and how basement membrane impacts morphogenesis by stimulation of cell patterning, force generation, and mechanotransduction. We suggest that in addition to creating mature epithelial architecture, remodeling of the epithelial basement membrane during branching morphogenesis is also essential to promote maturation of the stromal mesenchyme to create mature organ structure. Recapitulation of developmental cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions are of critical importance in tissue engineering and regeneration strategies that seek to restore organ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre A Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
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Itoh Y. Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases: Their functions and regulations. Matrix Biol 2015; 44-46:207-23. [PMID: 25794647 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) form a subgroup of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, and there are 6 MT-MMPs in humans. MT-MMPs are further sub-classified into type I transmembrane-type (MT1, -MT2-, MT3- and MT5-MMPs) and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored type (MT4- and MT6-MMPs). In either case MT-MMPs are tethered to the plasma membrane, and this cell surface expression provides those enzymes with unique functionalities affecting various cellular behaviours. Among the 6 MT-MMPs, MT1-MMP is the most investigated enzyme and many of its roles and regulations have been revealed to date, but the potential roles and regulatory mechanisms of other MT-MMPs are gradually getting clearer as well. Further investigations of MT-MMPs are likely to reveal novel pathophysiological mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for different diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Itoh
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK.
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37
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Paiva KBS, Granjeiro JM. Bone tissue remodeling and development: Focus on matrix metalloproteinase functions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 561:74-87. [PMID: 25157440 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Wong HLX, Cao R, Jin G, Ming Chan K, Cao Y, zhou Z. When MT1-MMP meets ADAMs. Cell Cycle 2014; 11:2793-8. [DOI: 10.4161/cc.20949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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39
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Loskutov YV, Kozyulina PY, Kozyreva VK, Ice RJ, Jones BC, Roston TJ, Smolkin MB, Ivanov AV, Wysolmerski RB, Pugacheva EN. NEDD9/Arf6-dependent endocytic trafficking of matrix metalloproteinase 14: a novel mechanism for blocking mesenchymal cell invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. Oncogene 2014; 34:3662-75. [PMID: 25241893 PMCID: PMC4369482 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NEDD9 is an established marker of invasive and metastatic cancers. NEDD9 downregulation has been shown to dramatically reduce cell invasion and metastasis in multiple tumors. The mechanisms by which NEDD9 regulates invasion are largely unknown. In the current study, we have found that NEDD9 is required for MMP14 enzymatic recovery/recycling through the late endosomes to enable disengagement of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) and tumor invasion. Depletion of NEDD9 decreases targeting of the MMP14/TIMP2 complex to late endosomes and increases trafficking of MMP14 from early/sorting endosomes back to the surface in a small GTPase Arf6-dependent manner. NEDD9 directly binds to Arf6-GAP, ARAP3, and Arf6 effector GGA3 thereby facilitating the Arf6 inactivation required for MMP14/TIMP2 targeting to late endosomes. Re-expression of NEDD9 or a decrease in Arf6 activity is sufficient to restore MMP14 activity and the invasive properties of tumor cells. Importantly, NEDD9 inhibition by Vivo-Morpholinos, an antisense therapy, decreases primary tumor growth and metastasis in xenograft models of breast cancer. Collectively, our findings uncover a novel mechanism to control tumor cells dissemination through NEDD9/Arf6-dependent regulation of MMP14/TIMP2 trafficking, and validates NEDD9 as a clinically relevant therapeutic target to treat metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y V Loskutov
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - P Y Kozyulina
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - V K Kozyreva
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - R J Ice
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B C Jones
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - T J Roston
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M B Smolkin
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - A V Ivanov
- 1] Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - R B Wysolmerski
- 1] Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA [2] Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - E N Pugacheva
- 1] Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Moreno V, Gonzalo P, Gómez-Escudero J, Pollán Á, Acín-Pérez R, Breckenridge M, Yáñez-Mó M, Barreiro O, Orsenigo F, Kadomatsu K, Chen CS, Enríquez JA, Dejana E, Sánchez-Madrid F, Arroyo AG. An EMMPRIN-γ-catenin-Nm23 complex drives ATP production and actomyosin contractility at endothelial junctions. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3768-81. [PMID: 24994937 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.149518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell adhesions are important sites through which cells experience and resist forces. In endothelial cells, these forces regulate junction dynamics and determine endothelial barrier strength. We identify the Ig superfamily member EMMPRIN (also known as basigin) as a coordinator of forces at endothelial junctions. EMMPRIN localization at junctions correlates with endothelial junction strength in different mouse vascular beds. Accordingly, EMMPRIN-deficient mice show altered junctions and increased junction permeability. Lack of EMMPRIN alters the localization and function of VE-cadherin (also known as cadherin-5) by decreasing both actomyosin contractility and tugging forces at endothelial cell junctions. EMMPRIN ensures proper actomyosin-driven maturation of competent endothelial junctions by forming a molecular complex with γ-catenin (also known as junction plakoglobin) and Nm23 (also known as NME1), a nucleoside diphosphate kinase, thereby locally providing ATP to fuel the actomyosin machinery. These results provide a novel mechanism for the regulation of actomyosin contractility at endothelial junctions and might have broader implications in biological contexts such as angiogenesis, collective migration and tissue morphogenesis by coupling compartmentalized energy production to junction assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Moreno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ángela Pollán
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Yáñez-Mó
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, University of Milan, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - José A Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, University of Milan, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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41
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Liu S, Young SM, Varisco BM. Dynamic expression of chymotrypsin-like elastase 1 over the course of murine lung development. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L1104-16. [PMID: 24793170 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00126.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal lung development requires coordination of three processes (surface area expansion, microvascular growth, and matrix remodeling). Because normal elastin structure is important for lung morphogenesis, because physiological remodeling of lung elastin has never been defined, and because elastin remodeling is angiogenic, we sought to test the hypothesis that, during lung development, elastin is remodeled in a defined temporal-spatial pattern, that a novel protease is associated with this remodeling, and that angiogenesis is associated with elastin remodeling. By elastin in situ zymography, lung elastin remodeling increased 24-fold between embryonic day (E) 15.5 and postnatal day (PND) 14. Remodeling was restricted to major vessels and airways on PND1 with a sevenfold increase in alveolar wall elastin remodeling from PND1 to PND14. By inhibition assays and literature review, we identified chymotrypsin-like elastase 1 (CELA1) as a potential mediator of elastin remodeling. CELA1 mRNA levels increased 12-fold from E15.5 to PND9, and protein levels increased 3.4-fold from E18.5 to PND9. By costaining experiments, the temporal-spatial pattern of CELA1 expression matched that of elastin remodeling, and 58-85% of CELA1(+) cells were <10 μm from an elastase signal. An association between elastin remodeling and angiogenesis was tested by similar methods. At PND7 and PND14, 60-95% of angiogenin(+) cells were associated with elastin remodeling. Both elastase inhibition and CELA1 silencing impaired angiogenesis in vitro. Our data defines the temporal-spatial pattern of elastin remodeling during lung development, demonstrates an association of this remodeling with CELA1, and supports a role for elastin remodeling in regulating angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Sarah Marie Young
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio; and
| | - Brian Michael Varisco
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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42
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Early inhaled nitric oxide at high dose enhances rat lung development after birth. Nitric Oxide 2014; 38:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Weaver SA, Wolters B, Ito N, Woskowicz AM, Kaneko K, Shitomi Y, Seiki M, Itoh Y. Basal localization of MT1-MMP is essential for epithelial cell morphogenesis in 3D collagen matrix. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:1203-13. [PMID: 24463815 PMCID: PMC4117704 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.135236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-anchored collagenase membrane type 1 matrix metalloprotease (MT1-MMP) has been shown to play an essential role during epithelial tubulogenesis in 3D collagen matrices; however, its regulation during tubulogenesis is not understood. Here, we report that degradation of collagen in polarized epithelial cells is post-translationally regulated by changing the localization of MT1-MMP from the apical to the basal surface. MT1-MMP predominantly localizes at the apical surface in inert polarized epithelial cells, whereas treatment with HGF induced basal localization of MT1-MMP followed by collagen degradation. The basal localization of MT1-MMP requires the ectodomains of the enzyme because deletion of the MT-loop region or the hemopexin domain inhibited basal localization of the enzyme. TGFβ is a well-known inhibitor of tubulogenesis and our data indicate that its mechanism of inhibition is, at least in part, due to inhibition of MT1-MMP localization to the basal surface. Interestingly, however, the effect of TGFβ was found to be bi-phasic: at high doses it effectively inhibited basal localization of MT1-MMP, whereas at lower doses tubulogenesis and basal localization of MT1-MMP was promoted. Taken together, these data indicate that basal localization of MT1-MMP is a key factor promoting the degradation of extracellular matrix by polarized epithelial cells, and that this is an essential part of epithelial morphogenesis in 3D collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Weaver
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
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44
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Patel VN, Hoffman MP. Salivary gland development: a template for regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2013; 25-26:52-60. [PMID: 24333774 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian salivary gland develops as a highly branched structure designed to produce and secrete saliva. This review will focus on research on mouse submandibular gland development and the translation of this basic research toward therapy for patients suffering from salivary hypofunction. Here we review the most recent literature that has enabled a better understanding of the mechanisms of salivary gland development. Additionally, we discuss approaches proposed to restore salivary function using gene and cell-based therapy. Increasing our understanding of the developmental mechanisms involved during development is critical to design effective therapies for regeneration and repair of damaged glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali N Patel
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Matthew P Hoffman
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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45
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46
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Christian L, Bahudhanapati H, Wei S. Extracellular metalloproteinases in neural crest development and craniofacial morphogenesis. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 48:544-60. [PMID: 24066766 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.838203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a population of migratory stem/progenitor cells that is found in early vertebrate embryos. NC cells are induced during gastrulation, and later migrate to multiple destinations and contribute to many types of cells and tissues, such as craniofacial structures, cardiac tissues, pigment cells and the peripheral nervous system. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that many extracellular metalloproteinases, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and ADAMs with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs), play important roles in various stages of NC development. Interference with metalloproteinase functions often causes defects in craniofacial structures, as well as in other cells and tissues that are contributed by NC cells, in humans and other vertebrates. In this review, we summarize the current state of the field concerning the roles of these three families of metalloproteinases in NC development and related tissue morphogenesis, with a special emphasis on craniofacial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Christian
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University , Morgantown, WV , USA
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47
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Vishnuvardhan S, Ahsan R, Jackson K, Iwanicki R, Boe J, Haring J, Greenlee KJ. Identification of a novel metalloproteinase and its role in juvenile development of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (Linnaeus). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2013; 320:105-17. [PMID: 23475557 PMCID: PMC3675644 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are highly conserved across numerous taxa, from bacteria to humans. Recently, MMPs have been identified in several insect species and are hypothesized to function in immunity and development. In this study, we identify a putative MMP and correlate its proteolytic activity and gene and protein expression in the tracheae with developmental stage. Ms-MMP gene expression increases 10-fold during molting, which is accompanied by an increase in both protein expression and gelatinolytic activity. To directly test the hypothesis that Ms-MMP plays a critical role in juvenile development of Manduca sexta, we injected a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor and recorded its effects on growth and development. Inhibition of MMPs caused a delay in juvenile development and decreased growth rates. Understanding the function of MMPs will help us better understand molting and control of body size in insects. Furthermore, elucidating functions for MMPs in lower taxa may yield critical information about the evolution of the numerous MMPs found in vertebrates. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320B:105–117, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Vishnuvardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, USA
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48
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Daley WP, Yamada KM. Cell–ECM Interactions and the Regulation of Epithelial Branching Morphogenesis. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN DEVELOPMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35935-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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49
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Koziol A, Gonzalo P, Mota A, Pollán Á, Lorenzo C, Colomé N, Montaner D, Dopazo J, Arribas J, Canals F, Arroyo AG. The protease MT1-MMP drives a combinatorial proteolytic program in activated endothelial cells. FASEB J 2012; 26:4481-94. [PMID: 22859368 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-205906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which proteolytic events translate into biological responses is not well understood. To explore the link of pericellular proteolysis to events relevant to capillary sprouting within the inflammatory context, we aimed at the identification of the collection of substrates of the protease MT1-MMP in endothelial tip cells induced by inflammatory stimuli. We applied quantitative proteomics to endothelial cells (ECs) derived from wild-type and MT1-MMP-null mice to identify the substrate repertoire of this protease in TNF-α-activated ECs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a combinatorial MT1-MMP proteolytic program, in which combined rather than single substrate processing would determine biological decisions by activated ECs, including chemotaxis, cell motility and adhesion, and vasculature development. MT1-MMP-deficient ECs inefficiently processed several of these substrates (TSP1, CYR61, NID1, and SEM3C), validating the model. This novel concept of MT1-MMP-driven combinatorial proteolysis in angiogenesis might be extendable to proteolytic actions in other cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Koziol
- Vascular Biology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Chan K, Wong H, Jin G, Liu B, Cao R, Cao Y, Lehti K, Tryggvason K, Zhou Z. MT1-MMP Inactivates ADAM9 to Regulate FGFR2 Signaling and Calvarial Osteogenesis. Dev Cell 2012; 22:1176-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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