1
|
Panara V, Yu H, Peng D, Staxäng K, Hodik M, Filipek-Gorniok B, Kazenwadel J, Skoczylas R, Mason E, Allalou A, Harvey NL, Haitina T, Hogan BM, Koltowska K. Multiple cis-regulatory elements control prox1a expression in distinct lymphatic vascular beds. Development 2024; 151:dev202525. [PMID: 38722096 PMCID: PMC11128278 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
During embryonic development, lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) precursors are distinguished from blood endothelial cells by the expression of Prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1), which is essential for lymphatic vasculature formation in mouse and zebrafish. Prox1 expression initiation precedes LEC sprouting and migration, serving as the marker of specified LECs. Despite its crucial role in lymphatic development, Prox1 upstream regulation in LECs remains to be uncovered. SOX18 and COUP-TFII are thought to regulate Prox1 in mice by binding its promoter region. However, the specific regulation of Prox1 expression in LECs remains to be studied in detail. Here, we used evolutionary conservation and chromatin accessibility to identify enhancers located in the proximity of zebrafish prox1a active in developing LECs. We confirmed the functional role of the identified sequences through CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of a lymphatic valve enhancer. The deletion of this region results in impaired valve morphology and function. Overall, our results reveal an intricate control of prox1a expression through a collection of enhancers. Ray-finned fish-specific distal enhancers drive pan-lymphatic expression, whereas vertebrate-conserved proximal enhancers refine expression in functionally distinct subsets of lymphatic endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Panara
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
- Beijer Gene and Neuro Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Hujun Yu
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Karin Staxäng
- BioVis Core Facility, Platform EM, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Monika Hodik
- BioVis Core Facility, Platform EM, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Beata Filipek-Gorniok
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Jan Kazenwadel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Renae Skoczylas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Amin Allalou
- Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, Division of Visual Information and Interaction, and SciLifeLab BioImage Informatics Facility, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Natasha L. Harvey
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Tatjana Haitina
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75236, Sweden
| | - Benjamin M. Hogan
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
- Beijer Gene and Neuro Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Loh KM, Ang LT. Building human artery and vein endothelial cells from pluripotent stem cells, and enduring mysteries surrounding arteriovenous development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:62-75. [PMID: 37393122 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their manifold roles in health and disease, there have been intense efforts to synthetically generate blood vessels in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, there are multiple types of blood vessel, including arteries and veins, which are molecularly and functionally different. How can we specifically generate either arterial or venous endothelial cells (ECs) from hPSCs in vitro? Here, we summarize how arterial or venous ECs arise during embryonic development. VEGF and NOTCH arbitrate the bifurcation of arterial vs. venous ECs in vivo. While manipulating these two signaling pathways biases hPSC differentiation towards arterial and venous identities, efficiently generating these two subtypes of ECs has remained challenging until recently. Numerous questions remain to be fully addressed. What is the complete identity, timing and combination of extracellular signals that specify arterial vs. venous identities? How do these extracellular signals intersect with fluid flow to modulate arteriovenous fate? What is a unified definition for endothelial progenitors or angioblasts, and when do arterial vs. venous potentials segregate? How can we regulate hPSC-derived arterial and venous ECs in vitro, and generate organ-specific ECs? In turn, answers to these questions could avail the production of arterial and venous ECs from hPSCs, accelerating vascular research, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Loh
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Lay Teng Ang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gurung S, Restrepo NK, Sumanas S. Endocardium gives rise to blood cells in zebrafish embryos. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113736. [PMID: 38308842 PMCID: PMC10993658 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the endocardium contributes to hematopoiesis in murine embryos, although definitive evidence to demonstrate the hematopoietic potential of the endocardium is still missing. Here, we use a zebrafish embryonic model to test the emergence of hematopoietic progenitors from the endocardium. By using a combination of expression analysis, time-lapse imaging, and lineage-tracing approaches, we demonstrate that myeloid cells emerge from the endocardium in zebrafish embryos. Inhibition of Etv2/Etsrp or Scl/Tal1, two known master regulators of hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis, does not affect the emergence of endocardial-derived myeloid cells, while inhibition of Hedgehog signaling results in their reduction. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis followed by experimental validation suggests that the endocardium is the major source of neutrophilic granulocytes. These findings will promote our understanding of alternative mechanisms involved in hematopoiesis, which are likely to be conserved between zebrafish and mammalian embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gurung
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology, Advanced Diagnostics Laboratories, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nicole K Restrepo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong Y, Yang Y, Wang H, Feng D, Nist E, Yapundich N, Spurlock B, Craft M, Qian L, Liu J. Single-cell chromatin profiling reveals genetic programs activating proregenerative states in nonmyocyte cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk4694. [PMID: 38381829 PMCID: PMC10881044 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk4694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration requires coordinated participation of multiple cell types whereby their communications result in transient activation of proregenerative cell states. Although the molecular characteristics and lineage origins of these activated cell states and their contribution to cardiac regeneration have been studied, the extracellular signaling and the intrinsic genetic program underlying the activation of the transient functional cell states remain largely unexplored. In this study, we delineated the chromatin landscapes of the noncardiomyocytes (nonCMs) of the regenerating heart at the single-cell level and inferred the cis-regulatory architectures and trans-acting factors that control cell type-specific gene expression programs. Moreover, further motif analysis and cell-specific genetic manipulations suggest that the macrophage-derived inflammatory signal tumor necrosis factor-α, acting via its downstream transcription factor complex activator protein-1, functions cooperatively with discrete transcription regulators to activate respective nonCM cell types critical for cardiac regeneration. Thus, our study defines the regulatory architectures and intercellular communication principles in zebrafish heart regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhan Dong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haofei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dong Feng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Elizabeth Nist
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nicholas Yapundich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian Spurlock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Madison Craft
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gurung S, Restrepo NK, Anand SK, Sittaramane V, Sumanas S. Requirement of a novel gene, drish, in the zebrafish retinal ganglion cell and primary motor axon development. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38340011 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During neurogenesis, growing axons must navigate through the complex extracellular environment and make correct synaptic connections for the proper functioning of neural circuits. The mechanisms underlying the formation of functional neural networks are still only partially understood. RESULTS Here we analyzed the role of a novel gene si:ch73-364h19.1/drish in the neural and vascular development of zebrafish embryos. We show that drish mRNA is expressed broadly and dynamically in multiple cell types including neural, glial, retinal progenitor and vascular endothelial cells throughout the early stages of embryonic development. To study Drish function during embryogenesis, we generated drish genetic mutant using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. drish loss-of-function mutant larvae displayed defects in early retinal ganglion cell, optic nerve and the retinal inner nuclear layer formation, as well as ectopic motor axon branching. In addition, drish mutant adults exhibited deficient retinal outer nuclear layer and showed defective light response and locomotory behavior. However, vascular patterning and blood circulation were not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data demonstrate important roles of zebrafish drish in the retinal ganglion cell, optic nerve and interneuron development and in spinal motor axon branching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gurung
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole K Restrepo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Surendra Kumar Anand
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vinoth Sittaramane
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, Texas, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Payne S, Neal A, De Val S. Transcription factors regulating vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:28-58. [PMID: 36795082 PMCID: PMC10952167 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in regulating the dynamic and precise patterns of gene expression required for the initial specification of endothelial cells (ECs), and during endothelial growth and differentiation. While sharing many core features, ECs can be highly heterogeneous. Differential gene expression between ECs is essential to pattern the hierarchical vascular network into arteries, veins and capillaries, to drive angiogenic growth of new vessels, and to direct specialization in response to local signals. Unlike many other cell types, ECs have no single master regulator, instead relying on differing combinations of a necessarily limited repertoire of TFs to achieve tight spatial and temporal activation and repression of gene expression. Here, we will discuss the cohort of TFs known to be involved in directing gene expression during different stages of mammalian vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, with a primary focus on development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Payne
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Alice Neal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sarah De Val
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang K, Chan V, Botelho RJ, Antonescu CN. A tail of their own: regulation of cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol fatty acyl profile by the acyltransferase LCLAT1. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1765-1776. [PMID: 37737061 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol along with the latter's phosphorylated derivative phosphoinositides, control a wide range of cellular functions from signal transduction, membrane traffic, mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal dynamics, and cell metabolism. An emerging dimension to these lipids is the specificity of their fatty acyl chains that is remarkably distinct from that of other glycerophospholipids. Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol undergo acyl remodeling involving the sequential actions of phospholipase A to hydrolyze acyl chains and key acyltransferases that re-acylate with specific acyl groups. LCLAT1 (also known as LYCAT, AGPAT8, LPLAT6, or ALCAT1) is an acyltransferase that contributes to specific acyl profiles for phosphatidylinositol, phosphoinositides, and cardiolipin. As such, perturbations of LCLAT1 lead to alterations in cardiolipin-dependent phenomena such as mitochondrial respiration and dynamics and phosphoinositide-dependent processes such as endocytic membrane traffic and receptor signaling. Here we examine the biochemical and cellular actions of LCLAT1, as well as the contribution of this acyltransferase to the development and specific diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Victoria Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Roberto J Botelho
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tamaoki J, Maeda H, Kobayashi I, Takeuchi M, Ohashi K, Gore A, Bonkhofer F, Patient R, Weinstein BM, Kobayashi M. LSD1 promotes the egress of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into the bloodstream during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. Dev Biol 2023:S0012-1606(23)00111-2. [PMID: 37353106 PMCID: PMC10393020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
During embryonic development, primitive and definitive waves of hematopoiesis take place to provide proper blood cells for each developmental stage, with the possible involvement of epigenetic factors. We previously found that lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) promotes primitive hematopoietic differentiation by shutting down the gene expression program of hemangioblasts in an Etv2/Etsrp-dependent manner. In the present study, we demonstrated that zebrafish LSD1 also plays important roles in definitive hematopoiesis in the development of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. A combination of genetic approaches and imaging analyses allowed us to show that LSD1 promotes the egress of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into the bloodstream during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition. Analysis of compound mutant lines with Etv2/Etsrp mutant zebrafish revealed that, unlike in primitive hematopoiesis, this function of LSD1 was independent of Etv2/Etsrp. The phenotype of LSD1 mutant zebrafish during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition was similar to that of previously reported compound knockout mice of Gfi1/Gfi1b, which forms a complex with LSD1 and represses endothelial genes. Moreover, co-knockdown of zebrafish Gfi1/Gfi1b genes inhibited the development of HSPCs. We therefore hypothesize that the shutdown of the Gfi1/Gfi1b-target genes during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition is one of the key evolutionarily conserved functions of LSD1 in definitive hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Tamaoki
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan
| | - Hiroki Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Isao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Miki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ken Ohashi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Aniket Gore
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Florian Bonkhofer
- Molecular Hematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Roger Patient
- Molecular Hematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nakajima H, Ishikawa H, Yamamoto T, Chiba A, Fukui H, Sako K, Fukumoto M, Mattonet K, Kwon HB, Hui SP, Dobreva GD, Kikuchi K, Helker CSM, Stainier DYR, Mochizuki N. Endoderm-derived islet1-expressing cells differentiate into endothelial cells to function as the vascular HSPC niche in zebrafish. Dev Cell 2023; 58:224-238.e7. [PMID: 36693371 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and serve as a niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Recent data point to tissue-specific EC specialization as well as heterogeneity; however, it remains unclear how ECs acquire these properties. Here, by combining live-imaging-based lineage-tracing and single-cell transcriptomics in zebrafish embryos, we identify an unexpected origin for part of the vascular HSPC niche. We find that islet1 (isl1)-expressing cells are the progenitors of the venous ECs that constitute the majority of the HSPC niche. These isl1-expressing cells surprisingly originate from the endoderm and differentiate into ECs in a process dependent on Bmp-Smad signaling and subsequently requiring npas4l (cloche) function. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses show that isl1-derived ECs express a set of genes that reflect their distinct origin. This study demonstrates that endothelial specialization in the HSPC niche is determined at least in part by the origin of the ECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan; Medical-risk Avoidance based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Hajime Fukui
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Moe Fukumoto
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Hyouk-Bum Kwon
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Subhra P Hui
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Gergana D Dobreva
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Kazu Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiac Regeneration Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Christian S M Helker
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany; Philipps-University Marburg, Faculty of Biology, Cell Signaling and Dynamics, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany.
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mattonet K, Riemslagh FW, Guenther S, Prummel KD, Kesavan G, Hans S, Ebersberger I, Brand M, Burger A, Reischauer S, Mosimann C, Stainier DYR. Endothelial versus pronephron fate decision is modulated by the transcription factors Cloche/Npas4l, Tal1, and Lmo2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2082. [PMID: 36044573 PMCID: PMC9432843 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial specification is a key event during embryogenesis; however, when, and how, endothelial cells separate from other lineages is poorly understood. In zebrafish, Npas4l is indispensable for endothelial specification by inducing the expression of the transcription factor genes etsrp, tal1, and lmo2. We generated a knock-in reporter in zebrafish npas4l to visualize endothelial progenitors and their derivatives in wild-type and mutant embryos. Unexpectedly, we find that in npas4l mutants, npas4l reporter-expressing cells contribute to the pronephron tubules. Single-cell transcriptomics and live imaging of the early lateral plate mesoderm in wild-type embryos indeed reveals coexpression of endothelial and pronephron markers, a finding confirmed by creERT2-based lineage tracing. Increased contribution of npas4l reporter-expressing cells to pronephron tubules is also observed in tal1 and lmo2 mutants and is reversed in npas4l mutants injected with tal1 mRNA. Together, these data reveal that Npas4l/Tal1/Lmo2 regulate the fate decision between the endothelial and pronephron lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- DZL (German Center for Lung Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
| | - Fréderike W. Riemslagh
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stefan Guenther
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Karin D. Prummel
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gokul Kesavan
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (S-BIKF), Frankfurt 60325, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt 60325, Germany
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies at TU Dresden (CRTD); Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexa Burger
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sven Reischauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, 61231, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- CPI (Cardio Pulmonary Institute), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- DZL (German Center for Lung Research), partner site, 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang L, Lin L, Qi H, Chen J, Grossfeld P. Endothelial Loss of ETS1 Impairs Coronary Vascular Development and Leads to Ventricular Non-Compaction. Circ Res 2022; 131:371-387. [PMID: 35894043 PMCID: PMC9624262 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Jacobsen syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder caused by deletions in the long arm of human chromosome 11, resulting in multiple developmental defects including congenital heart defects. Combined studies in humans and genetically engineered mice implicate that loss of ETS1 (E26 transformation specific 1) is the cause of congenital heart defects in Jacobsen syndrome, but the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of ETS1 in heart development, specifically its roles in coronary endothelium and endocardium and the mechanisms by which loss of ETS1 causes coronary vascular defects and ventricular noncompaction. METHODS AND RESULTS ETS1 global and endothelial-specific knockout mice were used. Phenotypic assessments, RNA sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis were performed together with expression analysis, immunofluorescence and RNAscope in situ hybridization to uncover phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in response to loss of ETS1. Loss of ETS1 in endothelial cells causes ventricular noncompaction, reproducing the phenotype arising from global deletion of ETS1. Endothelial-specific deletion of ETS1 decreased the levels of Alk1 (activin receptor-like kinase 1), Cldn5 (claudin 5), Sox18 (SRY-box transcription factor 18), Robo4 (roundabout guidance receptor 4), Esm1 (endothelial cell specific molecule 1) and Kdr (kinase insert domain receptor), 6 important angiogenesis-relevant genes in endothelial cells, causing a coronary vasculature developmental defect in association with decreased compact zone cardiomyocyte proliferation. Downregulation of ALK1 expression in endocardium due to the loss of ETS1, along with the upregulation of TGF (transforming growth factor)-β1 and TGF-β3, occurred with increased TGFBR2/TGFBR1/SMAD2 signaling and increased extracellular matrix expression in the trabecular layer, in association with increased trabecular cardiomyocyte proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the importance of endothelial and endocardial ETS1 in cardiac development. Delineation of the gene regulatory network involving ETS1 in heart development will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ventricular and coronary vascular developmental defects and will lead to improved approaches for the treatment of patients with congenital heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hui Qi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ju Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paul Grossfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Formation of the vasculature is a critical step within the developing embryo and its disruption causes early embryonic lethality. This complex process is driven by a cascade of signaling events that controls differentiation of mesodermal progenitors into primordial endothelial cells and their further specification into distinct subtypes (arterial, venous, hemogenic) that are needed to generate a blood circulatory network. Hemogenic endothelial cells give rise to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that generate all blood cells in the body during embryogenesis and postnatally. We focus our discussion on the regulation of endothelial cell differentiation, and subsequent hemogenic specification, and highlight many of the signaling pathways involved in these processes, which are conserved across vertebrates. Gaining a better understanding of the regulation of these processes will yield insights needed to optimize the treatment of vascular and hematopoietic disease and generate human stem cell-derived vascular and hematopoietic cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordon W Aragon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Differential Etv2 threshold requirement for endothelial and erythropoietic development. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110881. [PMID: 35649376 PMCID: PMC9203129 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial and erythropoietic lineages arise from a common developmental progenitor. Etv2 is a master transcriptional regulator required for the development of both lineages. However, the mechanisms through which Etv2 initiates the gene-regulatory networks (GRNs) for endothelial and erythropoietic specification and how the two GRNs diverge downstream of Etv2 remain incompletely understood. Here, by analyzing a hypomorphic Etv2 mutant, we demonstrate different threshold requirements for initiation of the downstream GRNs for endothelial and erythropoietic development. We show that Etv2 functions directly in a coherent feedforward transcriptional network for vascular endothelial development, and a low level of Etv2 expression is sufficient to induce and sustain the endothelial GRN. In contrast, Etv2 induces the erythropoietic GRN indirectly via activation of Tal1, which requires a significantly higher threshold of Etv2 to initiate and sustain erythropoietic development. These results provide important mechanistic insight into the divergence of the endothelial and erythropoietic lineages.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim C, Wang X, Kültz D. Prediction and Experimental Validation of a New Salinity-Responsive Cis-Regulatory Element (CRE) in a Tilapia Cell Line. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060787. [PMID: 35743818 PMCID: PMC9225295 DOI: 10.3390/life12060787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation is a major mechanism by which organisms integrate gene x environment interactions. It can be achieved by coordinated interplay between cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and transcription factors (TFs). Euryhaline tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) tolerate a wide range of salinity and thus are an appropriate model to examine transcriptional regulatory mechanisms during salinity stress in fish. Quantitative proteomics in combination with the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D revealed 19 proteins that are transcriptionally upregulated by hyperosmolality in tilapia brain (OmB) cells. We searched the extended proximal promoter up to intron1 of each corresponding gene for common motifs using motif discovery tools. The top-ranked motif identified (STREME1) represents a binding site for the Forkhead box TF L1 (FoxL1). STREME1 function during hyperosmolality was experimentally validated by choosing two of the 19 genes, chloride intracellular channel 2 (clic2) and uridine phosphorylase 1 (upp1), that are enriched in STREME1 in their extended promoters. Transcriptional induction of these genes during hyperosmolality requires STREME1, as evidenced by motif mutagenesis. We conclude that STREME1 represents a new functional CRE that contributes to gene x environment interactions during salinity stress in tilapia. Moreover, our results indicate that FoxL1 family TFs are contribute to hyperosmotic induction of genes in euryhaline fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanhee Kim
- Stress-Induced Evolution Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
| | - Dietmar Kültz
- Stress-Induced Evolution Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-530-752-2991
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Capon SJ, Uribe V, Dominado N, Ehrlich O, Smith KA. Endocardial identity is established during early somitogenesis by Bmp signalling acting upstream of npas4l and etv2. Development 2022; 149:275317. [PMID: 35531980 PMCID: PMC9148566 DOI: 10.1242/dev.190421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The endocardium plays important roles in the development and function of the vertebrate heart; however, few molecular markers of this tissue have been identified and little is known about what regulates its differentiation. Here, we describe the Gt(SAGFF27C); Tg(4xUAS:egfp) line as a marker of endocardial development in zebrafish. Transcriptomic comparison between endocardium and pan-endothelium confirms molecular distinction between these populations and time-course analysis suggests differentiation as early as eight somites. To investigate what regulates endocardial identity, we employed npas4l, etv2 and scl loss-of-function models. Endocardial expression is lost in npas4l mutants, significantly reduced in etv2 mutants and only modestly affected upon scl loss-of-function. Bmp signalling was also examined: overactivation of Bmp signalling increased endocardial expression, whereas Bmp inhibition decreased expression. Finally, epistasis experiments showed that overactivation of Bmp signalling was incapable of restoring endocardial expression in etv2 mutants. By contrast, overexpression of either npas4l or etv2 was sufficient to rescue endocardial expression upon Bmp inhibition. Together, these results describe the differentiation of the endocardium, distinct from vasculature, and place npas4l and etv2 downstream of Bmp signalling in regulating its differentiation. Summary: A zebrafish transgenic reporter of the endocardium is identified, permitting transcriptomic analysis and identification of new endocardial markers. Epistasis experiments demonstrate npas4l and etv2 act downstream of Bmp signalling to regulate endocardial differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Capon
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Veronica Uribe
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nicole Dominado
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ophelia Ehrlich
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kelly A Smith
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang H, Yamaguchi T, Kokubu Y, Kawabata K. Transient ETV2 Expression Promotes the Generation of Mature Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:483-490. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition
| | - Yasuhiro Kokubu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition
| | - Kenji Kawabata
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Metikala S, Warkala M, Casie Chetty S, Chestnut B, Rufin Florat D, Plender E, Nester O, Koenig AL, Astrof S, Sumanas S. Integration of vascular progenitors into functional blood vessels represents a distinct mechanism of vascular growth. Dev Cell 2022; 57:767-782.e6. [PMID: 35276066 PMCID: PMC9365108 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, the initial vascular network forms by the process of vasculogenesis, or the specification of vascular progenitors de novo. In contrast, the majority of later-forming vessels arise by angiogenesis from the already established vasculature. Here, we show that new vascular progenitors in zebrafish embryos emerge from a distinct site along the yolk extension, or secondary vascular field (SVF), incorporate into the posterior cardinal vein, and contribute to subintestinal vasculature even after blood circulation has been initiated. We further demonstrate that SVF cells participate in vascular recovery after chemical ablation of vascular endothelial cells. Inducible inhibition of the function of vascular progenitor marker etv2/etsrp prevented SVF cell differentiation and resulted in the defective formation of subintestinal vasculature. Similar late-forming etv2+ progenitors were also observed in mouse embryos, suggesting that SVF cells are evolutionarily conserved. Our results characterize a distinct mechanism by which new vascular progenitors incorporate into established vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeva Metikala
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Michael Warkala
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Diandra Rufin Florat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Elizabeth Plender
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Olivia Nester
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Sophie Astrof
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu M, Chen Q, Li J, Xu Y, Lian J, Liu Y, Meng P, Zhang Y. Gfi1aa/Lsd1 Facilitates Hemangioblast Differentiation Into Primitive Erythrocytes by Targeting etv2 and sox7 in Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786426. [PMID: 35096818 PMCID: PMC8790037 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The first wave of hematopoiesis is the primitive hematopoiesis, which produces embryonic erythroid and myeloid cells. Primitive erythrocytes are thought to be generated from bipotent hemangioblasts, but the molecular basis remains unclear. Transcriptional repressors Gfi1aa and Gfi1b have been shown to cooperatively promote primitive erythrocytes differentiation from hemangioblasts in zebrafish. However, the mechanism of these repressors during the primitive wave is largely unknown. Herein, by functional analysis of zebrafish gfi1aa smu10 , gfi1b smu11 , gfi1ab smu12 single, double, and triple mutants, we found that Gfi1aa not only plays a predominant role in primitive erythropoiesis but also synergizes with Gfi1ab. To screen Gfi1aa downstream targets, we performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis and found two endothelial transcription factors, etv2 and sox7, to be repressed by Gfi1aa. Genetic analysis demonstrated Gfi1aa to promote hemangioblast differentiation into primitive erythrocytes by inhibiting both etv2 and sox7 in an Lsd1-dependent manner. Moreover, the H3K4me1 level of etv2 and sox7 were increased in gfi1aa mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that Gfi1aa/Lsd1-dependent etv2/sox7 downregulation is critical for hemangioblast differentiation during primitive hematopoiesis by inhibition of endothelial specification. The different and redundant roles for Gfi1(s), as well as their genetic and epigenetic regulation during primitive hematopoiesis, help us to better know the molecular basis of the primitive hematopoiesis and sheds light on the understanding the Gfi1(s) related pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Neuronal Structural Biology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Lian
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yiyue Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Vascular Development in Zebrafish. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101088. [PMID: 34685459 PMCID: PMC8539546 DOI: 10.3390/life11101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of a functional cardiovascular system is crucial for the development of all vertebrates. Defects in the development of the cardiovascular system lead to cardiovascular diseases, which are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. However, we are just beginning to understand which signaling pathways guide blood vessel growth in different tissues and organs. The advantages of the model organism zebrafish (Danio rerio) helped to identify novel cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular growth. In this review we will discuss the current knowledge of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in the zebrafish embryo. In particular, we describe the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the formation of blood vessels in different vascular beds within the embryo.
Collapse
|
20
|
Quillien A, Gilbert G, Boulet M, Ethuin S, Waltzer L, Vandel L. Prmt5 promotes vascular morphogenesis independently of its methyltransferase activity. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009641. [PMID: 34153034 PMCID: PMC8248709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, the vertebrate vasculature undergoes major growth and remodeling. While the transcriptional cascade underlying blood vessel formation starts to be better characterized, little is known concerning the role and mode of action of epigenetic enzymes during this process. Here, we explored the role of the Protein Arginine Methyl Transferase Prmt5 in blood vessel formation as well as hematopoiesis using zebrafish as a model system. Through the combination of different prmt5 loss-of-function approaches we highlighted a key role of Prmt5 in both processes. Notably, we showed that Prmt5 promotes vascular morphogenesis through the transcriptional control of ETS transcription factors and adhesion proteins in endothelial cells. Interestingly, using a catalytic dead mutant of Prmt5 and a specific drug inhibitor, we found that while Prmt5 methyltransferase activity was required for blood cell formation, it was dispensable for vessel formation. Analyses of chromatin architecture impact on reporter genes expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments led us to propose that Prmt5 regulates transcription by acting as a scaffold protein that facilitates chromatin looping to promote vascular morphogenesis. Blood vessel formation is an essential developmental process required for the survival of all vertebrates. The vascular anatomy and the mechanisms involved in vessel formation are highly conserved among vertebrates. Hence, we used zebrafish as a model, to decipher the role and the mode of action of Prmt5, an enzyme known to regulate gene expression, in vascular morphogenesis and in blood cell formation in vivo. Using different approaches, we highlighted a key role of Prmt5 during both processes. However, we found that while blood cell formation required Prmt5 enzymatic activity, vascular morphogenesis was independent on its activity. Prmt5 has been proposed as a therapeutic target in many diseases, including cancer. Yet, we show here that Prmt5 acts at least in part independently of its methyltransferase activity to regulate vascular morphogenesis. By shedding light on a mechanism of action of Prmt5 that will be insensitive to enzymatic inhibitors, our data calls forth the design of alternative drugs. In addition, this non-canonical function of Prmt5 may have a more pervasive role than previously thought in physiological conditions, i.e. during development, but also in pathological situations such as in tumor angiogenesis and certainly deserves more attention in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Quillien
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (AQ); (LV)
| | - Guerric Gilbert
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Manon Boulet
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Séverine Ethuin
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucas Waltzer
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurence Vandel
- Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- * E-mail: (AQ); (LV)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Greenspan LJ, Weinstein BM. To be or not to be: endothelial cell plasticity in development, repair, and disease. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:251-269. [PMID: 33449300 PMCID: PMC8205957 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells display an extraordinary plasticity both during development and throughout adult life. During early development, endothelial cells assume arterial, venous, or lymphatic identity, while selected endothelial cells undergo additional fate changes to become hematopoietic progenitor, cardiac valve, and other cell types. Adult endothelial cells are some of the longest-lived cells in the body and their participation as stable components of the vascular wall is critical for the proper function of both the circulatory and lymphatic systems, yet these cells also display a remarkable capacity to undergo changes in their differentiated identity during injury, disease, and even normal physiological changes in the vasculature. Here, we discuss how endothelial cells become specified during development as arterial, venous, or lymphatic endothelial cells or convert into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or cardiac valve cells. We compare findings from in vitro and in vivo studies with a focus on the zebrafish as a valuable model for exploring the signaling pathways and environmental cues that drive these transitions. We also discuss how endothelial plasticity can aid in revascularization and repair of tissue after damage- but may have detrimental consequences under disease conditions. By better understanding endothelial plasticity and the mechanisms underlying endothelial fate transitions, we can begin to explore new therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Greenspan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
A single-cell resolution developmental atlas of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion in zebrafish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015748118. [PMID: 33785593 PMCID: PMC8040670 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015748118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) is characterized as a hematopoietic organ for fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion in zebrafish. In this study, we used scRNA-seq combined with functional assays to decode the developing CHT. First, we resolved fetal HSPC heterogeneity, manifested as lineage priming and metabolic gene signatures. We further analyzed the cellular interactions among nonhematopoietic niche components and HSPCs and identified an endothelial cell-specific factor, Gpr182, followed by experimental validation of its role in promoting HSPC expansion. Finally, we uncovered the conservation and divergence of developmental hematopoiesis between human fetal liver and zebrafish CHT. Our study provides a valuable resource for fetal HSPC development and clues to establish a supportive niche for HSPC expansion in vitro. During vertebrate embryogenesis, fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) exhibit expansion and differentiation properties in a supportive hematopoietic niche. To profile the developmental landscape of fetal HSPCs and their local niche, here, using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we deciphered a dynamic atlas covering 28,777 cells and 9 major cell types (23 clusters) of zebrafish caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT). We characterized four heterogeneous HSPCs with distinct lineage priming and metabolic gene signatures. Furthermore, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of CHT niche components for HSPC development, with a focus on the transcription factors and ligand–receptor networks involved in HSPC expansion. Importantly, we identified an endothelial cell-specific G protein–coupled receptor 182, followed by in vivo and in vitro functional validation of its evolutionally conserved role in supporting HSPC expansion in zebrafish and mice. Finally, comparison between zebrafish CHT and human fetal liver highlighted the conservation and divergence across evolution. These findings enhance our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying hematopoietic niche for HSPC expansion in vivo and provide insights into improving protocols for HSPC expansion in vitro.
Collapse
|
23
|
Salanga CM, Salanga MC. Genotype to Phenotype: CRISPR Gene Editing Reveals Genetic Compensation as a Mechanism for Phenotypic Disjunction of Morphants and Mutants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073472. [PMID: 33801686 PMCID: PMC8036752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Forward genetic screens have shown the consequences of deleterious mutations; however, they are best suited for model organisms with fast reproductive rates and large broods. Furthermore, investigators must faithfully identify changes in phenotype, even if subtle, to realize the full benefit of the screen. Reverse genetic approaches also probe genotype to phenotype relationships, except that the genetic targets are predefined. Until recently, reverse genetic approaches relied on non-genomic gene silencing or the relatively inefficient, homology-dependent gene targeting for loss-of-function generation. Fortunately, the flexibility and simplicity of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas system has revolutionized reverse genetics, allowing for the precise mutagenesis of virtually any gene in any organism at will. The successful integration of insertions/deletions (INDELs) and nonsense mutations that would, at face value, produce the expected loss-of-function phenotype, have been shown to have little to no effect, even if other methods of gene silencing demonstrate robust loss-of-function consequences. The disjunction between outcomes has raised important questions about our understanding of genotype to phenotype and highlights the capacity for compensation in the central dogma. This review describes recent studies in which genomic compensation appears to be at play, discusses the possible compensation mechanisms, and considers elements important for robust gene loss-of-function studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristy M. Salanga
- Office of the Vice President for Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Matthew C. Salanga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The zebrafish has emerged as a valuable and important model organism for studying vascular development and vascular biology. Here, we discuss some of the approaches used to study vessels in fish, including loss-of-function tools such as morpholinos and genetic mutants, along with methods and considerations for assessing vascular phenotypes. We also provide detailed protocols for methods used for vital imaging of the zebrafish vasculature, including microangiography and long-term time-lapse imaging. The methods we describe, and the considerations we suggest using for assessing phenotypes observed using these methods, will help ensure reliable, valid conclusions when assessing vascular phenotypes following genetic or experimental manipulation of zebrafish.
Collapse
|
25
|
Neal A, Nornes S, Louphrasitthiphol P, Sacilotto N, Preston MD, Fleisinger L, Payne S, De Val S. ETS factors are required but not sufficient for specific patterns of enhancer activity in different endothelial subtypes. Dev Biol 2021; 473:1-14. [PMID: 33453264 PMCID: PMC8026812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Correct vascular differentiation requires distinct patterns of gene expression in different subtypes of endothelial cells. Members of the ETS transcription factor family are essential for the transcriptional activation of arterial and angiogenesis-specific gene regulatory elements, leading to the hypothesis that they play lineage-defining roles in arterial and angiogenic differentiation directly downstream of VEGFA signalling. However, an alternative explanation is that ETS binding at enhancers and promoters is a general requirement for activation of many endothelial genes regardless of expression pattern, with subtype-specificity provided by additional factors. Here we use analysis of Ephb4 and Coup-TFII (Nr2f2) vein-specific enhancers to demonstrate that ETS factors are equally essential for vein, arterial and angiogenic-specific enhancer activity patterns. Further, we show that ETS factor binding at these vein-specific enhancers is enriched by VEGFA signalling, similar to that seen at arterial and angiogenic enhancers. However, while arterial and angiogenic enhancers can be activated by VEGFA in vivo, the Ephb4 and Coup-TFII venous enhancers are not, suggesting that the specificity of VEGFA-induced arterial and angiogenic enhancer activity occurs via non-ETS transcription factors. These results support a model in which ETS factors are not the primary regulators of specific patterns of gene expression in different endothelial subtypes. Vein-specific enhancers can contain essential ETS motifs. VEGFA induced an increase in ETS binding at vein, arterial and angiogenic enhancers. VEGFA stimulation cannot induce vein-specific enhancer activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Neal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Svanhild Nornes
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Pakavarin Louphrasitthiphol
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Sacilotto
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Preston
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Lucija Fleisinger
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Payne
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, United Kingdom; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah De Val
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, United Kingdom; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pak B, Schmitt CE, Choi W, Kim JD, Han O, Alsiö J, Jung DW, Williams DR, Coppieters W, Stainier DYR, Jin SW. Analyses of Avascular Mutants Reveal Unique Transcriptomic Signature of Non-conventional Endothelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:589717. [PMID: 33330468 PMCID: PMC7719722 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells appear to emerge from diverse progenitors. However, to which extent their developmental origin contributes to define their cellular and molecular characteristics remains largely unknown. Here, we report that a subset of endothelial cells that emerge from the tailbud possess unique molecular characteristics that set them apart from stereotypical lateral plate mesoderm (LPM)-derived endothelial cells. Lineage tracing shows that these tailbud-derived endothelial cells arise at mid-somitogenesis stages, and surprisingly do not require Npas4l or Etsrp function, indicating that they have distinct spatiotemporal origins and are regulated by distinct molecular mechanisms. Microarray and single cell RNA-seq analyses reveal that somitogenesis- and neurogenesis-associated transcripts are over-represented in these tailbud-derived endothelial cells, suggesting that they possess a unique transcriptomic signature. Taken together, our results further reveal the diversity of endothelial cells with respect to their developmental origin and molecular properties, and provide compelling evidence that the molecular characteristics of endothelial cells may reflect their distinct developmental history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boryeong Pak
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Christopher E. Schmitt
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Woosoung Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jun-Dae Kim
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Orjin Han
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jessica Alsiö
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Darren R. Williams
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Wouter Coppieters
- Unit of Animal Genomics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Applied Genomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège (B34), Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Suk-Won Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
An inhibitor of endothelial ETS transcription factors promotes physiologic and therapeutic vessel regression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26494-26502. [PMID: 33020273 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015980117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During the progression of ocular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy, overgrowth of retinal blood vessels results in the formation of pathological neovascular tufts that impair vision. Current therapeutic options for treating these diseases include antiangiogenic strategies that can lead to the undesirable inhibition of normal vascular development. Therefore, strategies that eliminate pathological neovascular tufts while sparing normal blood vessels are needed. In this study we exploited the hyaloid vascular network in murine eyes, which naturally undergoes regression after birth, to gain mechanistic insights that could be therapeutically adapted for driving neovessel regression in ocular diseases. We found that endothelial cells of regressing hyaloid vessels underwent down-regulation of two structurally related E-26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factors, ETS-related gene (ERG) and Friend leukemia integration 1 (FLI1), prior to apoptosis. Moreover, the small molecule YK-4-279, which inhibits the transcriptional and biological activity of ETS factors, enhanced hyaloid regression in vivo and drove Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) tube regression and apoptosis in vitro. Importantly, exposure of HUVECs to sheer stress inhibited YK-4-279-induced apoptosis, indicating that low-flow vessels may be uniquely susceptible to YK-4-279-mediated regression. We tested this hypothesis by administering YK-4-279 to mice in an oxygen-induced retinopathy model that generates disorganized and poorly perfused neovascular tufts that mimic human ocular diseases. YK-4-279 treatment significantly reduced neovascular tufts while sparing healthy retinal vessels, thereby demonstrating the therapeutic potential of this inhibitor.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhu Y, Ye M, Xu H, Gu R, Ma X, Chen M, Li X, Sheng W, Huang G. Methylation status of CpG sites in the NOTCH4 promoter region regulates NOTCH4 expression in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4412-4422. [PMID: 33000281 PMCID: PMC7533461 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). Although a lower methylation level of whole genome has been demonstrated in TOF patients, little is known regarding the DNA methylation changes in specific gene and its associations with TOF development. NOTCH4 is a mediator of the Notch signalling pathway that plays an important role in normal cardiac development. However, the role of epigenetic regulation of the NOTCH4 gene in the pathogenesis of TOF remains unclear. Considering the NOTCH4 low mutation frequency and reduced expression in the TOF patients, we hypothesized that abnormal DNA methylation change of NOTCH4 gene may influence its expression and responsible for TOF development. In this study, we measured the promoter methylation status of NOTCH4 and was measured and its regulation mechanism was explored, which may be related to TOF disease. Additionally, the promoter methylation statuses of NOTCH4 was measured in order to further understand epigenetic mechanisms that may serve a role in the development of TOF. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to examine NOTCH4 expression in right ventricular outflow tract myocardial tissues in patients with TOF. Compared with healthy controls, patients with TOF displayed significantly reduced in NOTCH4 expression (P=0.0055). Moreover, bisulphite sequencing suggested that the methylation levels of CpG site 2 in the NOTCH4 promoter was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P=0.0459). NOTCH4 expression was negatively associated with CpG site 2 methylation levels (r=−0.51; P=0.01). ETS1 transcription factor can serve as transcriptional activators by binding to specific DNA sequences of target genes, such as DLL4 and NOTCH4, which serves an important role in normal heart development. Dual-luciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that the ETS1 transcription factor could bind to the NOTCH4 promoter region. However, binding of ETS1 to the NOTCH4 promoter was abrogated by methylation at the putative ETS1 binding sites. These findings suggested that decreased NOTCH4 expression in patients with TOF may be associated with hypermethylation of CpG site 2 in the NOTCH4 promoter region, due to impaired binding of ETS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhu
- Institute of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ye
- Cardiovascular Centre, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ruoyi Gu
- Cardiovascular Centre, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Cardiovascular Centre, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- Institute of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Institute of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Institute of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee S, Park BW, Lee YJ, Ban K, Park HJ. In vivo combinatory gene therapy synergistically promotes cardiac function and vascular regeneration following myocardial infarction. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420953413. [PMID: 35003614 PMCID: PMC8738857 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420953413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since myocardial infarction (MI) excessively damage the myocardium and blood
vessels, the therapeutic approach for treating MI hearts should simultaneously
target these two major components in the heart to achieve comprehensive cardiac
repair. Here, we investigated a combinatory platform of ETV2 and Gata4, Mef2c
and Tbx5 (GMT) transcription factors to develop a strategy that can rejuvenate
both myocardium and vasculatures together in MI hearts. Previously ETV2
demonstrated significant effects on neovascularization and GMT was known to
directly reprogram cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes under in vivo
condition. Subsequently, intramyocardial delivery of a combination of retroviral
GMT and adenoviral ETV2 particles into the rat MI hearts significantly increased
viable myocardium area, capillary density compared to ETV2 or GMT only treated
hearts, leading to improved heart function and reduced scar formation. These
results demonstrate that this combinatorial gene therapy can be a promising
approach to enhance the cardiac repair in MI hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunghun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Kowloon tong, Hong Kong
| | - Bong-Woo Park
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Ban
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Kowloon tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hun-Jun Park
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Casie Chetty S, Sumanas S. Ets1 functions partially redundantly with Etv2 to promote embryonic vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish. Dev Biol 2020; 465:11-22. [PMID: 32628937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ETS transcription factors play an important role in the specification and differentiation of endothelial cells during vascular development. Despite previous studies, the role of the founding member of the ETS family, Ets1, in vascular development in vivo is only partially understood. Here, we generated a zebrafish ets1 mutant by TALEN genome editing and tested functional redundancy between Ets1 and a related ETS factor Etv2/Etsrp/ER71. While zebrafish ets1-/- mutants have a normal functional vascular system, etv2-/-;ets1-/embryos had more severe angiogenic defects and lower expression levels of kdr and kdrl, the two zebrafish homologs of the mammalian Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 VEGFR2/Flk1, than etv2-/-embryos. Expression of constitutively active Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase1 (MAP2K1) within endothelial cells partially rescued this angiogenic defect. Interestingly, ets1-/- embryos displayed extensive apoptosis within the trunk vasculature despite exhibiting normal vascular patterning. Loss of Ets1 combined with a partial knockdown of Etv2 function resulted in a decrease in endothelial cell numbers in the axial vasculature, which argues for a role of Ets1 in promoting vasculogenesis. We also demonstrate that although both Ets1 and Etv2 can induce ectopic vascular marker expression in zebrafish embryos, Ets1 activity is dependent on MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of its Thr30 and Ser33 residues, while Etv2 activity is not. Together, our results identify a novel function of Ets1 in regulating endothelial cell survival during vasculogenesis in vivo. Based on these findings, we propose a revised model of how Ets1 and Etv2 play unique and partially redundant roles to promote vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chestnut B, Casie Chetty S, Koenig AL, Sumanas S. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies the conversion of zebrafish Etv2-deficient vascular progenitors into skeletal muscle. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2796. [PMID: 32493965 PMCID: PMC7271194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell fate decisions involved in vascular and hematopoietic embryonic development are still poorly understood. An ETS transcription factor Etv2 functions as an evolutionarily conserved master regulator of vasculogenesis. Here we report a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of hematovascular development in wild-type and etv2 mutant zebrafish embryos. Distinct transcriptional signatures of different types of hematopoietic and vascular progenitors are identified using an etv2ci32Gt gene trap line, in which the Gal4 transcriptional activator is integrated into the etv2 gene locus. We observe a cell population with a skeletal muscle signature in etv2-deficient embryos. We demonstrate that multiple etv2ci32Gt; UAS:GFP cells differentiate as skeletal muscle cells instead of contributing to vasculature in etv2-deficient embryos. Wnt and FGF signaling promote the differentiation of these putative multipotent etv2 progenitor cells into skeletal muscle cells. We conclude that etv2 actively represses muscle differentiation in vascular progenitors, thus restricting these cells to a vascular endothelial fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Satish Casie Chetty
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pijuan-Sala B, Wilson NK, Xia J, Hou X, Hannah RL, Kinston S, Calero-Nieto FJ, Poirion O, Preissl S, Liu F, Göttgens B. Single-cell chromatin accessibility maps reveal regulatory programs driving early mouse organogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:487-497. [PMID: 32231307 PMCID: PMC7145456 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During mouse embryonic development, pluripotent cells rapidly divide and diversify, yet the regulatory programs that define the cell repertoire for each organ remain ill-defined. To delineate comprehensive chromatin landscapes during early organogenesis, we mapped chromatin accessibility in 19,453 single nuclei from mouse embryos at 8.25 days post-fertilization. Identification of cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin pinpointed two TAL1-bound endothelial enhancers, which we validated using transgenic mouse assays. Integrated gene expression and transcription factor motif enrichment analyses highlighted cell-type-specific transcriptional regulators. Subsequent in vivo experiments in zebrafish revealed a role for the ETS factor FEV in endothelial identity downstream of ETV2 (Etsrp in zebrafish). Concerted in vivo validation experiments in mouse and zebrafish thus illustrate how single-cell open chromatin maps, representative of a mammalian embryo, provide access to the regulatory blueprint for mammalian organogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Pijuan-Sala
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Hou
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca L Hannah
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Kinston
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Poirion
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park SY, Lee H, Kwon YW, Park MR, Kim JH, Kim JB. Etv2- and Fli1-Induced Vascular Progenitor Cells Enhance Functional Recovery in Ischemic Vascular Disease Model-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:e105-e113. [PMID: 32075417 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular progenitor cells (VPCs), which are able to differentiate into both endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, have the potential for treatment of ischemic diseases. Generated by pluripotent stem cells, VPCs carry the risk of tumorigenicity in clinical application. This issue could be resolved by direct lineage conversion, the induction of functional cells from another lineage by using only lineage-restricted transcription factors. Here, we show that induced VPCs (iVPCs) can be generated from fibroblasts by ETS (E-twenty six) transcription factors, Etv2 and Fli1. Approach and Results: Mouse fibroblasts were infected with lentivirus encoding Etv2 and Fli1. Cell colonies appeared in Fli1- and Etv2/Fli1-infected groups and were mechanically picked. The identity of cell colonies was confirmed by proliferation assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction with vascular markers. Etv2/Fli1- infected cell colonies were sorted by CD144 (also known as CDH5, VE-cadherin). We defined that CD144-positive iVPCs maintained its own population and expanded stably at multiple passages. iVPCs could differentiate into functional endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells by a defined medium. The functionalities of iVPC-derived endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were confirmed by analyzing LDL (low-density lipoprotein) uptake, carbachol-induced contraction, and tube formation in vitro. Transplantation of iVPCs into the ischemic hindlimb model enhanced blood flow without tumor formation in vivo. Human iVPCs were generated by human ETS transcription factors ETV2 and FLI1. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that ischemic disease curable iVPCs, which have self-renewal and bipotency, can be generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced ETS family transcription factors, Etv2 and Fli1 expression. Our simple strategy opens insights into stem cell-based ischemic disease therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yong Park
- From the Hans Schöler Stem Cell Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea (S.Y.P., H.L., M.R.P., J.B.K.)
| | - Hyunah Lee
- From the Hans Schöler Stem Cell Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea (S.Y.P., H.L., M.R.P., J.B.K.)
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea (Y.W.K., J.H.K.)
| | - Myung Rae Park
- From the Hans Schöler Stem Cell Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea (S.Y.P., H.L., M.R.P., J.B.K.)
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea (Y.W.K., J.H.K.)
| | - Jeong Beom Kim
- From the Hans Schöler Stem Cell Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea (S.Y.P., H.L., M.R.P., J.B.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chestnut B, Sumanas S. Zebrafish etv2 knock-in line labels vascular endothelial and blood progenitor cells. Dev Dyn 2019; 249:245-261. [PMID: 31705559 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ETS transcription factor Etv2/Etsrp is one of the earliest markers for vascular and hematopoietic progenitors and functions as a key regulator of hematovascular development in multiple vertebrates, including zebrafish. Therefore, transgenic etv2 reporter lines provide a valuable tool to study vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis. However, previously generated zebrafish reporter lines do not fully recapitulate the endogenous pattern of etv2 expression. RESULTS Here we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homology-independent DNA repair approach to knock-in a Gal4 transcriptional activator into the zebrafish etv2 genomic locus, thus generating etv2 ci32Gt gene trap line. etv2 ci32Gt ; UAS:GFP embryos show GFP expression in vascular endothelial, myeloid and red blood cells. Because gal4 insertion interrupts the etv2 locus, homozygous etv2 ci32Gt embryos display defects in vasculogenesis and myelopoiesis, and enable visualizing etv2-deficient hematovascular progenitors in live embryos. Furthermore, we performed differential transcriptome analysis of sorted GFP-positive cells from heterozygous and homozygous etv2 ci32Gt embryos. Approximately 500 downregulated genes were identified in etv2 ci32Gt homozygous embryos, which include multiple genes expressed in vascular endothelial and myeloid cells. CONCLUSIONS The etv2 ci32Gt gene trap line and the data sets of misregulated genes will be valuable resources to study hematopoietic and vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zileuton, a 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor, Exerts Anti-Angiogenic Effect by Inducing Apoptosis of HUVEC via BK Channel Activation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101182. [PMID: 31575085 PMCID: PMC6829222 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The arachidonic acid metabolism through 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathways is involved in modulating both tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Although anti-carcinogenic activities of certain 5-LO inhibitors have been reported, the role of zileuton, a well known 5-LO inhibitor, on the endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that zileuton has an anti-angiogenic effect, and the underlying mechanisms involved activation of the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel. Our results show that zileuton significantly prevented vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, as well as in vivo. However, such anti-angiogenic effect of zileuton was abolished by iberiotoxin (IBTX), a BK channel blocker, suggesting zileuton-induced activation of BK channel was critical for the observed anti-angiogenic effect of zileuton. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic effect of zileuton was, at least, due to the activation of pro-apoptotic signaling cascades which was also abolished by IBTX. Additionally, zileuton suppressed the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, ETS related gene (Erg) and the production of nitric oxide (NO). Taken together, our results show that zileuton prevents angiogenesis by activating the BK channel dependent-apoptotic pathway, thus highlighting its therapeutic capacity in angiogenesis-related diseases, such as cancer.
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee DH, Kim TM, Kim JK, Park C. ETV2/ER71 Transcription Factor as a Therapeutic Vehicle for Cardiovascular Disease. Theranostics 2019; 9:5694-5705. [PMID: 31534512 PMCID: PMC6735401 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have long been the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States as well as worldwide. Despite numerous efforts over the past few decades, the number of the patients with cardiovascular disease still remains high, thereby necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies equipped with a better understanding of the biology of the cardiovascular system. Recently, the ETS transcription factor, ETV2 (also known as ER71), has been recognized as a master regulator of the development of the cardiovascular system and plays an important role in pathophysiological angiogenesis and the endothelial cell reprogramming. Here, we discuss the detailed mechanisms underlying ETV2/ER71-regulated cardiovascular lineage development. In addition, recent reports on the novel functions of ETV2/ER71 in neovascularization and direct cell reprogramming are discussed with a focus on its therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
37
|
Marass M, Beisaw A, Gerri C, Luzzani F, Fukuda N, Günther S, Kuenne C, Reischauer S, Stainier DYR. Genome-wide strategies reveal target genes of Npas4l associated with vascular development in zebrafish. Development 2019; 146:dev.173427. [PMID: 31097478 DOI: 10.1242/dev.173427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of a vascular network is essential to nourish tissues and sustain organ function throughout life. Endothelial cells (ECs) are the building blocks of blood vessels, yet our understanding of EC specification remains incomplete. Zebrafish cloche/npas4l mutants have been used broadly as an avascular model, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of action of the Npas4l transcription factor. Here, to identify its direct and indirect target genes, we have combined complementary genome-wide approaches, including transcriptome analyses and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The cross-analysis of these datasets indicates that Npas4l functions as a master regulator by directly inducing a group of transcription factor genes that are crucial for hematoendothelial specification, such as etv2, tal1 and lmo2 We also identified new targets of Npas4l and investigated the function of a subset of them using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Phenotypic characterization of tspan18b mutants reveals a novel player in developmental angiogenesis, confirming the reliability of the datasets generated. Collectively, these data represent a useful resource for future studies aimed to better understand EC fate determination and vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Marass
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Arica Beisaw
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Claudia Gerri
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Francesca Luzzani
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Nana Fukuda
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Carsten Kuenne
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Sven Reischauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tuttle M, Dalman MR, Liu Q, Londraville RL. Leptin-a mediates transcription of genes that participate in central endocrine and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways in 72-hour embryonic zebrafish ( Danio rerio). PeerJ 2019; 7:e6848. [PMID: 31110923 PMCID: PMC6501765 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed microarray expression data to highlight biological pathways that respond to embryonic zebrafish Leptin-a (lepa) signaling. Microarray expression measures for 26,046 genes were evaluated from lepa morpholino oligonucleotide "knockdown", recombinant Leptin-a "rescue", and uninjected control zebrafish at 72-hours post fertilization. In addition to KEGG pathway enrichment for phosphatidylinositol signaling and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, Gene Ontology (GO) data from lepa rescue zebrafish include JAK/STAT cascade, sensory perception, nervous system processes, and synaptic signaling. In the zebrafish lepa rescue treatment, we found changes in the expression of homologous genes that align with mammalian leptin signaling cascades including AMPK (prkaa2), ACC (acacb), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (camkk2), PI3K (pik3r1), Ser/Thr protein kinase B (akt3), neuropeptides (agrp2, cart1), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and insulin receptor substrate (LOC794738, LOC100537326). Notch signaling pathway and ribosome biogenesis genes respond to knockdown of Leptin-a. Differentially expressed transcription factors in lepa knockdown zebrafish regulate neurogenesis, neural differentiation, and cell fate commitment. This study presents a role for zebrafish Leptin-a in influencing expression of genes that mediate phosphatidylinositol and central endocrine signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Tuttle
- Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Mark R Dalman
- Podiatric Medicine, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
| | - Qin Liu
- Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pociute K, Schumacher JA, Sumanas S. Clec14a genetically interacts with Etv2 and Vegf signaling during vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 19:6. [PMID: 30953479 PMCID: PMC6451255 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-019-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-lectin family 14 Member A (Clec14a) is a transmembrane protein specifically expressed in vascular endothelial cells during embryogenesis. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have provided conflicting data regarding Clec14a role in promoting or inhibiting angiogenesis, therefore its functional role in vascular development remains poorly understood. RESULTS Here we have generated a novel clec14a mutant allele in zebrafish embryos using TALEN genome editing. clec14a mutant embryos exhibit partial defects and delay in the sprouting of intersegmental vessels. These defects in angiogenesis are greatly increased upon the knockdown of a structurally related C1qr protein. Furthermore, a partial knockdown of an ETS transcription factor Etv2 results in a synergistic effect with the clec14a mutation and inhibits expression of early vascular markers in endothelial progenitor cells, arguing that clec14a is involved in promoting vasculogenesis. In addition, Clec14a genetically interacts with Vegfa signaling. A partial knockdown of Vegfaa function in the clec14a mutant background resulted in a synergistic inhibition of intersegmental vessel sprouting. CONCLUSIONS These results argue that clec14a is involved in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and suggest that Clec14a genetically interacts with Etv2 and Vegf signaling during vascular development in zebrafish embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pociute
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Present Address: Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Sauletekio 7, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jennifer A Schumacher
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Eng TC, Chen W, Okuda KS, Misa JP, Padberg Y, Crosier KE, Crosier PS, Hall CJ, Schulte-Merker S, Hogan BM, Astin JW. Zebrafish facial lymphatics develop through sequential addition of venous and non-venous progenitors. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201847079. [PMID: 30877134 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels are known to be derived from veins; however, recent lineage-tracing experiments propose that specific lymphatic networks may originate from both venous and non-venous sources. Despite this, direct evidence of a non-venous lymphatic progenitor is missing. Here, we show that the zebrafish facial lymphatic network is derived from three distinct progenitor populations that add sequentially to the developing facial lymphatic through a relay-like mechanism. We show that while two facial lymphatic progenitor populations are venous in origin, the third population, termed the ventral aorta lymphangioblast (VA-L), does not sprout from a vessel; instead, it arises from a migratory angioblast cell near the ventral aorta that initially lacks both venous and lymphatic markers, and contributes to the facial lymphatics and the hypobranchial artery. We propose that sequential addition of venous and non-venous progenitors allows the facial lymphatics to form in an area that is relatively devoid of veins. Overall, this study provides conclusive, live imaging-based evidence of a non-venous lymphatic progenitor and demonstrates that the origin and development of lymphatic vessels is context-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Cy Eng
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kazuhide S Okuda
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - June P Misa
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yvonne Padberg
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,CiM Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kathryn E Crosier
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philip S Crosier
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J Hall
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,CiM Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan W Astin
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang X, Li J, Yang Z, Wang L, Li L, Deng W, Zhou J, Wang L, Xu C, Chen Q, Wang QK. phlda3 overexpression impairs specification of hemangioblasts and vascular development. FEBS J 2018; 285:4071-4081. [PMID: 30188605 PMCID: PMC6218282 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The phlda3 gene encodes a small, 127-amino acid protein with only a PH domain, and is involved in tumor suppression, proliferation of islet β-cells, insulin secretion, glucose tolerance, and liver injury. However, the role of phlda3 in vascular development is unknown. Here, we show that phlda3 overexpression decreases the expression levels of hemangioblast markers scl, fli1, and etsrp and intersegmental vessel (ISV) markers flk1 and cdh5, and disrupts ISV development in tg(flk1:GFP) and tg(fli1:GFP) zebrafish. Moreover, phlda3 overexpression inhibits the activation of protein kinase B (AKT) in zebrafish embryos, and the developmental defects of ISVs by phlda3 overexpression were reversed by the expression of a constitutively active form of AKT. These data suggest that phlda3 is a negative regulator of hemangioblast specification and ISV development via AKT signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic; Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qing K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic; Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sabbagh MF, Heng JS, Luo C, Castanon RG, Nery JR, Rattner A, Goff LA, Ecker JR, Nathans J. Transcriptional and epigenomic landscapes of CNS and non-CNS vascular endothelial cells. eLife 2018; 7:36187. [PMID: 30188322 PMCID: PMC6126923 DOI: 10.7554/elife.36187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (EC) function depends on appropriate organ-specific molecular and cellular specializations. To explore genomic mechanisms that control this specialization, we have analyzed and compared the transcriptome, accessible chromatin, and DNA methylome landscapes from mouse brain, liver, lung, and kidney ECs. Analysis of transcription factor (TF) gene expression and TF motifs at candidate cis-regulatory elements reveals both shared and organ-specific EC regulatory networks. In the embryo, only those ECs that are adjacent to or within the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit canonical Wnt signaling, which correlates precisely with blood-brain barrier (BBB) differentiation and Zic3 expression. In the early postnatal brain, single-cell RNA-seq of purified ECs reveals (1) close relationships between veins and mitotic cells and between arteries and tip cells, (2) a division of capillary ECs into vein-like and artery-like classes, and (3) new endothelial subtype markers, including new validated tip cell markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark F Sabbagh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Jacob S Heng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Chongyuan Luo
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Rosa G Castanon
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Joseph R Nery
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Amir Rattner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Loyal A Goff
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Institute for Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joseph R Ecker
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeremy Nathans
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nowak-Sliwinska P, Alitalo K, Allen E, Anisimov A, Aplin AC, Auerbach R, Augustin HG, Bates DO, van Beijnum JR, Bender RHF, Bergers G, Bikfalvi A, Bischoff J, Böck BC, Brooks PC, Bussolino F, Cakir B, Carmeliet P, Castranova D, Cimpean AM, Cleaver O, Coukos G, Davis GE, De Palma M, Dimberg A, Dings RPM, Djonov V, Dudley AC, Dufton NP, Fendt SM, Ferrara N, Fruttiger M, Fukumura D, Ghesquière B, Gong Y, Griffin RJ, Harris AL, Hughes CCW, Hultgren NW, Iruela-Arispe ML, Irving M, Jain RK, Kalluri R, Kalucka J, Kerbel RS, Kitajewski J, Klaassen I, Kleinmann HK, Koolwijk P, Kuczynski E, Kwak BR, Marien K, Melero-Martin JM, Munn LL, Nicosia RF, Noel A, Nurro J, Olsson AK, Petrova TV, Pietras K, Pili R, Pollard JW, Post MJ, Quax PHA, Rabinovich GA, Raica M, Randi AM, Ribatti D, Ruegg C, Schlingemann RO, Schulte-Merker S, Smith LEH, Song JW, Stacker SA, Stalin J, Stratman AN, Van de Velde M, van Hinsbergh VWM, Vermeulen PB, Waltenberger J, Weinstein BM, Xin H, Yetkin-Arik B, Yla-Herttuala S, Yoder MC, Griffioen AW. Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:425-532. [PMID: 29766399 PMCID: PMC6237663 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as numerous pathological conditions. Angiogenesis undergoes multiple discrete steps that can be individually evaluated and quantified by a large number of bioassays. These independent assessments hold advantages but also have limitations. This article describes in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro bioassays that are available for the evaluation of angiogenesis and highlights critical aspects that are relevant for their execution and proper interpretation. As such, this collaborative work is the first edition of consensus guidelines on angiogenesis bioassays to serve for current and future reference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CMU, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elizabeth Allen
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Resistance, Department of Oncology, VIB-Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Andrey Anisimov
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alfred C Aplin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Hugh F Bender
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Gabriele Bergers
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Resistance, Department of Oncology, VIB-Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- Angiogenesis and Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory (INSERM U1029), University Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara C Böck
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter C Brooks
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO-IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Castranova
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anca M Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George E Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, School of Medicine and Dalton Cardiovascular Center, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michele De Palma
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Andrew C Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Emily Couric Cancer Center, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil P Dufton
- Vascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marcus Fruttiger
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Expertise Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Oxford University Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nan W Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Melita Irving
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert S Kerbel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hynda K Kleinmann
- The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kuczynski
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Juan M Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lance L Munn
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto F Nicosia
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Agnes Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jussi Nurro
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Karin Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Indiana University-Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark J Post
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department Surgery, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine, National Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anna M Randi
- Vascular Sciences, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Curzio Ruegg
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU, Münster, Germany
| | - Lois E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven A Stacker
- Tumour Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Sir Peter MacCallum, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jimmy Stalin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU, Münster, Germany
| | - Amber N Stratman
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maureen Van de Velde
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter B Vermeulen
- HistoGeneX, Antwerp, Belgium
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Sint-Augustinus & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, Germany
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Xin
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seppo Yla-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chemokine C-C motif ligand 33 is a key regulator of teleost fish barbel development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5018-E5027. [PMID: 29760055 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718603115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Barbels are important sensory organs in teleosts, reptiles, and amphibians. The majority of ∼4,000 catfish species, such as the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), possess abundant whisker-like barbels. However, barbel-less catfish, such as the bottlenose catfish (Ageneiosus marmoratus), do exist. Barbeled catfish and barbel-less catfish are ideal natural models for determination of the genomic basis for barbel development. In this work, we generated and annotated the genome sequences of the bottlenose catfish, conducted comparative and subtractive analyses using genome and transcriptome datasets, and identified differentially expressed genes during barbel regeneration. Here, we report that chemokine C-C motif ligand 33 (ccl33), as a key regulator of barbel development and regeneration. It is present in barbeled fish but absent in barbel-less fish. The ccl33 genes are differentially expressed during barbel regeneration in a timing concordant with the timing of barbel regeneration. Knockout of ccl33 genes in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) resulted in various phenotypes, including complete loss of barbels, reduced barbel sizes, and curly barbels, suggesting that ccl33 is a key regulator of barbel development. Expression analysis indicated that paralogs of the ccl33 gene have both shared and specific expression patterns, most notably expressed highly in various parts of the head, such as the eye, brain, and mouth areas, supporting its role for barbel development.
Collapse
|
45
|
Davis JA, Koenig AL, Lubert A, Chestnut B, Liu F, Palencia Desai S, Winkler T, Pociute K, Choi K, Sumanas S. ETS transcription factor Etsrp / Etv2 is required for lymphangiogenesis and directly regulates vegfr3 / flt4 expression. Dev Biol 2018; 440:40-52. [PMID: 29753018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms initiating the formation of the lymphatic system, lymphangiogenesis, are still poorly understood. Here we have identified a novel role in lymphangiogenesis for an ETS transcription factor, Etv2/Etsrp, a known regulator of embryonic vascular development. Through the use of fully validated photoactivatable morpholinos we show that inducible Etv2 inhibition in zebrafish embryos at 1 day post-fertilization (dpf) results in significant inhibition of lymphangiogenesis, while development of blood vessels is unaffected. In Etv2-inhibited embryos and larvae, the number of lymphatic progenitors is greatly reduced, the major lymphatic vessel, the thoracic duct, is absent or severely fragmented, and lymphangiogenesis-associated marker expression, including lyve1b, prox1a, and vegfr3/flt4, is strongly downregulated. We also demonstrate that lymphatic progenitors in Etv2 deficient embryos fail to respond to Vegfc signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-Seq) studies using differentiated mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells as well as luciferase reporter studies in the ES cells and in zebrafish embryos argue that Etv2 directly binds the promoter/enhancer regions of Vegfc receptor Vegfr3/Flt4 and lymphatic marker Lyve1, and promotes their expression. Together these data support a model where Etv2 initiates lymphangiogenesis by directly promoting the expression of flt4 within the posterior cardinal vein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Davis
- Cancer&Blood Disease Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew L Koenig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Allison Lubert
- Cancer&Blood Disease Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brendan Chestnut
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sharina Palencia Desai
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tamara Winkler
- Cancer&Blood Disease Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karolina Pociute
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong In, South Korea
| | - Saulius Sumanas
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kabir AU, Lee TJ, Pan H, Berry JC, Krchma K, Wu J, Liu F, Kang HK, Hinman K, Yang L, Hamilton S, Zhou Q, Veis DJ, Mecham RP, Wickline SA, Miller MJ, Choi K. Requisite endothelial reactivation and effective siRNA nanoparticle targeting of Etv2/Er71 in tumor angiogenesis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97349. [PMID: 29669933 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, new blood vessel formation from preexisting vessels, is critical for solid tumor growth. As such, there have been efforts to inhibit angiogenesis as a means to obstruct tumor growth. However, antiangiogenic therapy faces major challenges to the selective targeting of tumor-associated-vessels, as current antiangiogenic targets also disrupt steady-state vessels. Here, we demonstrate that the developmentally critical transcription factor Etv2 is selectively upregulated in both human and mouse tumor-associated endothelial cells (TAECs) and is required for tumor angiogenesis. Two-photon imaging revealed that Etv2-deficient tumor-associated vasculature remained similar to that of steady-state vessels. Etv2-deficient TAECs displayed decreased Flk1 (also known as Vegfr2) expression, FLK1 activation, and proliferation. Endothelial tube formation, proliferation, and sprouting response to VEGF, but not to FGF2, was reduced in Etv2-deficient ECs. ROS activated Etv2 expression in ECs, and ROS blockade inhibited Etv2 expression in TAECs in vivo. Systemic administration of Etv2 siRNA nanoparticles potently inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis without cardiovascular side effects. These studies highlight a link among vascular oxidative stress, Etv2 expression, and VEGF response that is critical for tumor angiogenesis. Targeting the ETV2 pathway might offer a unique opportunity for more selective antiangiogenic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Ul Kabir
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and.,Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Hua Pan
- Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Berry
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jun Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Kristina Hinman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lihua Yang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samantha Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qingyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert P Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mark J Miller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and.,Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Quillien A, Abdalla M, Yu J, Ou J, Zhu LJ, Lawson ND. Robust Identification of Developmentally Active Endothelial Enhancers in Zebrafish Using FANS-Assisted ATAC-Seq. Cell Rep 2018; 20:709-720. [PMID: 28723572 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of tissue-specific and developmentally active enhancers provides insights into mechanisms that control gene expression during embryogenesis. However, robust detection of these regulatory elements remains challenging, especially in vertebrate genomes. Here, we apply fluorescent-activated nuclei sorting (FANS) followed by Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) to identify developmentally active endothelial enhancers in the zebrafish genome. ATAC-seq of nuclei from Tg(fli1a:egfp)y1 transgenic embryos revealed expected patterns of nucleosomal positioning at transcriptional start sites throughout the genome and association with active histone modifications. Comparison of ATAC-seq from GFP-positive and -negative nuclei identified more than 5,000 open elements specific to endothelial cells. These elements flanked genes functionally important for vascular development and that displayed endothelial-specific gene expression. Importantly, a majority of tested elements drove endothelial gene expression in zebrafish embryos. Thus, FANS-assisted ATAC-seq using transgenic zebrafish embryos provides a robust approach for genome-wide identification of active tissue-specific enhancer elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Quillien
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mary Abdalla
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jianhong Ou
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lihua Julie Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gore AV, Pillay LM, Venero Galanternik M, Weinstein BM. The zebrafish: A fintastic model for hematopoietic development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2018; 7:e312. [PMID: 29436122 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex process with a variety of different signaling pathways influencing every step of blood cell formation from the earliest precursors to final differentiated blood cell types. Formation of blood cells is crucial for survival. Blood cells carry oxygen, promote organ development and protect organs in different pathological conditions. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are responsible for generating all adult differentiated blood cells. Defects in HSPCs or their downstream lineages can lead to anemia and other hematological disorders including leukemia. The zebrafish has recently emerged as a powerful vertebrate model system to study hematopoiesis. The developmental processes and molecular mechanisms involved in zebrafish hematopoiesis are conserved with higher vertebrates, and the genetic and experimental accessibility of the fish and the optical transparency of its embryos and larvae make it ideal for in vivo analysis of hematopoietic development. Defects in zebrafish hematopoiesis reliably phenocopy human blood disorders, making it a highly attractive model system to screen small molecules to design therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the key developmental processes and molecular mechanisms of zebrafish hematopoiesis. We also discuss recent findings highlighting the strengths of zebrafish as a model system for drug discovery against hematopoietic disorders. This article is categorized under: Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cell Differentiation and Reversion Vertebrate Organogenesis > Musculoskeletal and Vascular Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: Regional Development Comparative Development and Evolution > Organ System Comparisons Between Species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket V Gore
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laura M Pillay
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marina Venero Galanternik
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brant M Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Takada N, Omae M, Sagawa F, Chi NC, Endo S, Kozawa S, Sato TN. Re-evaluating the functional landscape of the cardiovascular system during development. Biol Open 2017; 6:1756-1770. [PMID: 28982700 PMCID: PMC5703621 DOI: 10.1242/bio.030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular system facilitates body-wide distribution of oxygen, a vital process for the development and survival of virtually all vertebrates. However, the zebrafish, a vertebrate model organism, appears to form organs and survive mid-larval periods without a functional cardiovascular system. Despite such dispensability, it is the first organ to develop. Such enigma prompted us to hypothesize other cardiovascular functions that are important for developmental and/or physiological processes. Hence, systematic cellular ablations and functional perturbations were performed on the zebrafish cardiovascular system to gain comprehensive and body-wide understanding of such functions and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. This approach identifies a set of organ-specific genes, each implicated for important functions. The study also unveils distinct cardiovascular mechanisms, each differentially regulating their expressions in organ-specific and oxygen-independent manners. Such mechanisms are mediated by organ-vessel interactions, circulation-dependent signals, and circulation-independent beating-heart-derived signals. A comprehensive and body-wide functional landscape of the cardiovascular system reported herein may provide clues as to why it is the first organ to develop. Furthermore, these data could serve as a resource for the study of organ development and function. Summary: The body-wide landscape of the cardiovascular functions during development is reported. Such landscape may provide clues as to why the cardiovascular system is the first organ to develop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Takada
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,ERATO Sato Live Bio-Forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Madoka Omae
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,Kyoto University, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sagawa
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,ERATO Sato Live Bio-Forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Neil C Chi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613J, USA
| | - Satsuki Endo
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,ERATO Sato Live Bio-Forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kozawa
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,ERATO Sato Live Bio-Forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Thomas N Sato
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan .,ERATO Sato Live Bio-Forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.,Centenary Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kasper DM, Moro A, Ristori E, Narayanan A, Hill-Teran G, Fleming E, Moreno-Mateos M, Vejnar CE, Zhang J, Lee D, Gu M, Gerstein M, Giraldez A, Nicoli S. MicroRNAs Establish Uniform Traits during the Architecture of Vertebrate Embryos. Dev Cell 2017; 40:552-565.e5. [PMID: 28350988 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Proper functioning of an organism requires cells and tissues to behave in uniform, well-organized ways. How this optimum of phenotypes is achieved during the development of vertebrates is unclear. Here, we carried out a multi-faceted and single-cell resolution screen of zebrafish embryonic blood vessels upon mutagenesis of single and multi-gene microRNA (miRNA) families. We found that embryos lacking particular miRNA-dependent signaling pathways develop a vascular trait similar to wild-type, but with a profound increase in phenotypic heterogeneity. Aberrant trait variance in miRNA mutant embryos uniquely sensitizes their vascular system to environmental perturbations. We discovered a previously unrecognized role for specific vertebrate miRNAs to protect tissue development against phenotypic variability. This discovery marks an important advance in our comprehension of how miRNAs function in the development of higher organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dionna M Kasper
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Albertomaria Moro
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Emma Ristori
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Anand Narayanan
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Guillermina Hill-Teran
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fleming
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Miguel Moreno-Mateos
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Charles E Vejnar
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mengting Gu
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mark Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Antonio Giraldez
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stefania Nicoli
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| |
Collapse
|