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Yamaguchi A. Evaluation of fish pituitary spheroids to study annual endocrine reproductive control. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 351:114481. [PMID: 38408711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The pituitary gland is a small endocrine gland located below the hypothalamus. This gland releases several important hormones and controls the function of many other endocrine system glands to release hormones. Fish pituitary hormonal cells are controlled by neuroendocrine and sex steroid feedback. To study the complex pituitary function in vivo, we established an in vitro pituitary spheroid assay and evaluated its suitability for monitoring the annual reproductive physiological conditions in Takifugu rubripes, also known as torafugu, is one of the most economically important species distributed in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, in the western part of the East China Sea, and in more northern areas near Hokkaido, Japan. Fish pituitary spheroids can be easily constructed in liquid or solid plates. The culture medium (L-15) made the aggregation faster than MEM (Hank's). A Rho-kinase inhibitor (Y-27632, 10 μM) and/or fish serum (2.5 %) also promoted spheroid formation. Laser confocal microscopy analysis of spheroids cultured with annual serum of both sexes revealed that luteinizing hormone (LH) synthesis has the highest peak in the final maturation stage (3 years old, May) in accordance with the highest serum sex steroid levels; in contrast, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis has no correlation with the dose of serum or nutrients. Similarly, 3D cell propagation assays using female serum showed that total pituitary cells displayed the highest proliferation at puberty onset (2 years old, October) before half a year of the spawning season. These results indicate that pituitary spheroids are useful in vitro models for monitoring the reproductive physiological status of fish in vivo and may be applicable to the in vitro screening of environmental chemicals and bioactive compounds affecting reproductive efficiency in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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2
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Godoi FGA, Dias MA, Guerreiro ADS, Branco GS, Montagner CC, Moreira RG, Lo Nostro FL. Physiological responses on the reproductive, metabolism and stress endpoints of Astyanax lacustris females (Teleostei: Characiformes) after diclofenac and ibuprofen exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 278:109846. [PMID: 38316244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) and ibuprofen (IBU) are pharmaceutical compounds frequently detected in aquatic compartments worldwide. Several hazard effects including developmental abnormalities and redox balance impairment have been elucidated in aquatic species, but multiple endocrine evaluations are scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the disruptive physiological effects and toxicity of DCF and IBU isolated and combined, using females of the native freshwater teleost Astyanax lacustris. In regards to NSAIDs bioavailability, the results showed absence of degradation of IBU and DCF after 7 days of exposure. IBU LC50 for A. lacustris was 137 mgL-1 and females exposed to IBU isolated increased thyroxine (T4) concentration at 24 h and decreased after 96 h; DCF exposure decreased triiodothyronine (T3) concentration at 96 h. Circulating levels of 17β-estradiol (E2), cortisol (F) and testosterone (T) were not affected by any treatment. HPG and HPI axis genes fshβ, pomc and vtg were upregulated after 24 h of IBU exposure, and dio2 was downregulated in DCF fish exposed group after 96 h compared to the mixture. Protein concentration was reduced in muscle and increased in the liver by DCF and mixtures exposures at 24 h; while liver lipids were increased in the mixture groups after 96 h. The study point out the capacity of NSAIDs to affect endocrine endpoints in A. lacustris females and induce changes in energetic substrate content after acute exposure to isolated and mixed NSAIDs treatments. Lastly, the present investigation brings new insights into the toxicity and endocrine disruptive activity of NSAIDs in Latin America teleost species and the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe G A Godoi
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana A Dias
- Laboratório de Química Ambiental, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química - Universidad de Campinas, 13086-970 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Amanda da S Guerreiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Branco
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Laboratório de Química Ambiental, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química - Universidad de Campinas, 13086-970 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana L Lo Nostro
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires & IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Kho KH, Sukhan ZP, Yang SW, Hwang NY, Lee WK. Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys polyactis) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108919. [PMID: 37240265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β subunit, fshβ; luteinizing hormone β subunit, lhβ; and glycoprotein α subunit, gpα) and sex steroids (17β-estradiol, E2; testosterone, T; progesterone; P) was performed using qRT-PCR, ELISA, in vivo, and in-vitro assay. The pituitary GtHs and gonadal steroids levels were significantly higher in ripen fish of both sexes. However, changes in lhβ and E2 levels in females were not significant in the developing and ripen stages. Furthermore, GtHs and steroids levels were lower in females compared to males throughout the reproductive cycle. In vivo administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) significantly increased the expression of GtHs in both dose- and time-related manners. The lower and higher doses of GnRHa led to successful spawning in male and female SYC, respectively. Sex steroids in vitro significantly inhibited the expression of lhβ in female SYC. Overall, GtHs were shown to play a vital role in final gonadal maturation, while steroids promoted negative feedback in the regulation of pituitary GtHs. Lower levels of GtHs and steroids might be key components in the reproductive dysfunction of captive-reared female SYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hee Kho
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Zahid Parvez Sukhan
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Yang
- Ocean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Yong Hwang
- Ocean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Lee
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
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4
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Costa FG, Gomes CC, Adolfi MC, da Cruz Gallo de Carvalho MC, Zanoni MA, Seiva FRF, Borella MI. New approaches concerning the testis of Astyanax lacustris (Characidae): immunohistochemical studies. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:543-556. [PMID: 37140738 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Astyanax lacustris, locally known as lambari-do-rabo-amarelo, is a study model for Neotropical fish. Testis of A. lacustris shows deep morphophysiological changes throughout the annual reproductive cycle. This work analyzed the distribution of claudin-1, actin, and cytokeratin as elements of the cytoskeleton in germinal epithelium and interstitium; the distribution of type I collagen, fibronectin, and laminin as extracellular matrix compounds; and the localization of androgen receptor in the testis of this species. Claudin-1, cytokeratin, and actin were present in the Sertoli cells and modified Sertoli cells, and actin was also detected in peritubular myoid cells. Type I collagen were in the interstitial tissue, laminin in the basement membrane of germinal epithelium and endothelium, but fibronectin was additionally detected in the germinal epithelium compartment. The labeling of androgen receptor was higher in peritubular myoid cells and undifferentiated spermatogonia, and weaker labeling was detected in type B spermatogonia. Therefore, the present work highlights new aspects of the biology of the testis of A. lacustris, and contribute to amplify the understanding of this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Gonçalves Costa
- Center of Biological Science, State University of North of Paraná (CCB/UENP), Bandeirantes -PR, Brazil.
| | - Chayrra Chehade Gomes
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB/USP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Contar Adolfi
- Developmental Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Marco Antônio Zanoni
- Center of Biological Science, State University of North of Paraná (CCB/UENP), Bandeirantes -PR, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Inês Borella
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB/USP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Moreira RG, Gomes ADO, Tolussi CE, Branco GS, Pinheiro JPS, Zampieri RA, Lo Nostro FL. Neurotoxic, biotransformation, oxidative stress and genotoxic effects in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characiformes) males exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of diclofenac and/or caffeine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 91:103821. [PMID: 35093559 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated neurotoxic, biotransformation, genotoxic and antioxidant responses to relevant environmental concentrations of diclofenac (0.4 μg L-1) and caffeine (27.5 μg L-1), separate and combined, in adult males of the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae after a subchronic exposure (14 days). Fish exposed to diclofenac and caffeine, both separate and combined, revealed a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the muscle, while diclofenac alone and in combination caused cyclooxygenase inhibition. Caffeine alone produces genotoxicity on this species but, when combined with diclofenac, it potentiates hepatic lipoperoxidation and the inhibition of oxidative stress enzymes, while diclofenac alone or in combination produces a general inhibition of important enzymes. This study suggests that aquatic contamination produced by these pharmaceuticals has the potential to affect homeostasis and locomotion in A. altiparanae and compromise their immune system and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Dal Olio Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Souza Branco
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Andrade Zampieri
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática and IBBEA, CONICET-UBA. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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da Silva J, Brambila-Souza G, Araujo DDM, Moreira RG. Effects of vitamin A supplementation on ovarian development of Astyanax lacustris (Teleostei: Characidae) during the non-breeding season. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 265:111132. [PMID: 34968658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is essential for fish reproduction, however, knowledge of VA requirement of broodstock fish is scarce. We investigated the physiological role of VA supplementation in the ovarian maturation of Astyanax lacustris throughout the non-breeding season. Adult females were distributed in five nutritional treatments, which differed by the amount of VA supplemented in a plant-based diet: T1 = 0, T2 = 1800, T3 = 3600, T4 = 7200, and T5 = 14,400 IU kg-1 of VA for 60 days after a period of 16 days feeding on a diet poor in VA to reduce body VA content. Plasma total lipids (TL), lipoproteins, and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were measured after 30 and 60 days. Somatic indexes and morphophysiological ovarian parameters were calculated and VA concentration was analyzed in the ovaries and liver after 60 days. VA supplementation did not increase the concentration of this nutrient in the liver and ovaries. E2 plasma level increased in animals fed on 3600 IU kg-1 of VA (T3) after 60 days and females from T5 group presented a higher RF after 60 days. Ovarian development increased after 60 days compared to that after 30 days, confirmed by the higher gonadosomatic index (all groups). The supplementation with the highest VA level increased RF and decreased plasma TL (after 30 days) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (after 60 days) concentrations, showing a potential to improve reproduction even during the non-breeding season; however, its nutritional requirements of VA could be higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseane da Silva
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brambila-Souza
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Magalhães Araujo
- Departamento de Gestão Agropecuária, Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Satuba, Rua 17 de Agosto S/N, Zona Rural, 57120-000 Satuba, AL, Brazil
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, n° 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Correia TG, Vieira VARO, de Moraes Narcizo A, Zampieri RA, Floeter-Winter LM, Moreira RG. Endocrine disruption caused by the aquatic exposure to aluminum and manganese in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characidae) females during the final ovarian maturation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109132. [PMID: 34246795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) can be toxic to aquatic biota and cause endocrine disruption in fish, affecting reproduction. This study evaluates the physiological responses of the ray-finned teleost fish Astyanax altiparanae vitellogenic females after acute exposure (96 h) to Al and Mn (alone and combined) in acid pH followed by the same period of exposure to metal-free water in neutral pH. The aim of this second period of exposure was to assess the recovery capacity from the toxic effects these metals. Five experimental groups were established: a control in neutral pH (Ctrl), and acidic pH (Ac), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and Al + Mn groups, maintaining the acidic pH in the groups to which metals were added. The following biological parameters were evaluated: metal tissue concentration, relative fecundity (RF: absolute fecundity/body mass). Plasma levels of cortisol (proxy for stress) and 17α hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP), and gene expression of pituitary lhβ mRNA (proxies for final maturation) were measured to evaluate endocrine disruption. In the synchronic exposure, the presence of Mn potentiated the accumulation of Al in gills. The females from acidic pH and Al groups showed a reduced RF. Exposure to Al and Mn triggered an endocrine disruption response, evidenced by a decrease in the plasma concentration of 17α-OHP and cortisol. Despite this anti-steroidogenic effect, no changes occurred in the pituitary gene expression of lhβ. The endocrine changes and the metal accumulation were temporary, while the impacts on RF under the experimental conditions suggest permanent impairment in the reproduction of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Gabriel Correia
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Amanda de Moraes Narcizo
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Zampieri
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Escalante-Rojas MC, Tolussi CE, Gomes AD, Muñoz-Peñuela M, Brambila-Souza G, Branco GS, Moreira RG. Integrated use of biomarkers to evaluate the reproductive physiology of Astyanax fasciatus and Hoplias malabaricus males (Teleostei: Characiformes) in polluted reservoirs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111502. [PMID: 33120267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive physiology of fish can be changed by the presence of pollutants in the water, which act as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC). We evaluated the impacts of water contaminants in polluted reservoirs acting as possible EDC on the reproductive physiology of Astyanax fasciatus and Hoplias malabaricus males. We used biomarkers with different levels of biological organization. Hoplias malabaricus adult males were collected in the summer and winter at five different sites in the Tietê River Basin: the Ponte Nova reservoir (PN), considered a reference site due to the low anthropogenic influence; the Billings reservoir (BIL) at two different branches; and the Guarapiranga reservoir (GUA) at two different branches. Astyanax fasciatus adult males were collected at PN and BIL. BIL and GUA are subjected to great anthropogenic action. We analyzed gonadal histomorphology, testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), estradiol (E2) plasma levels, and gene expression of hepatic vitellogenin (vtgA) and pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (fshβ). In the PN reservoir (reference), the biomarkers analyzed in both species did not differ between the periods analyzed. This is an evidence that the animals keep the same reproductive activity during both seasons. The changes in the plasma concentration of gonadal steroids in both species in polluted reservoirs suggest the presence of EDC compounds in the water and/or adjusts of the physiological setpoint to allow the reproduction in such adverse conditions. The use of vtgA as biomarker suggests the presence of estrogenic compounds, mainly in BIL, but with a more evident response of H. malabaricus. However, even considering physiological changes, both species present testes during the maturation phase that allow the reproduction in an environment with a high degree of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Escalante-Rojas
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, nº 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Tolussi
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, R. Dr. Almeida Lima, 1134 - Parque da Mooca, 03164-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline D Gomes
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, nº 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, nº 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brambila-Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), V. Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Branco
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), V. Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, nº 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Chehade C, Amaral FG, Branco GS, Cassel M, De Jesus LWO, Costa FG, Bordin SA, Moreira RG, Borella MI. Molecular characterization of different preproGnRHs in Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes): Effects of GnRH on female reproduction. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:720-734. [PMID: 32418283 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key molecule in the initiation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Thus, knowledge about GnRH may contribute to the effectiveness of species reproduction. Using a Neotropical tetra Astyanax altiparanae as a fish model species, the GnRH forms were characterized at the molecular level and the role of injected GnRHs in vivo was evaluated. The full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences of preproGnRH2 (612 bp) and preproGnRH3 (407 bp) of A. altiparanae were obtained, and the GnRH1 form was not detected. The cDNA sequences of preproGnRH2 and preproGnRH3 were found to be conserved, but a change in the amino acid at position 8 of the GnRH3 decapeptide of A. altiparanae was observed. All the injected GnRHs stimulated lhβ messenger RNA (mRNA) expression but not fshβ mRNA expression, and only GnRH2 was able to increase maturation-inducing steroid (MIS) levels and possibly stimulate oocyte release. Furthermore, only GnRH2 was able to start the entire reproductive hormonal cascade and induce spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayrra Chehade
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Branco
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Cassel
- Department of Education - Bachelor of Science in Animal Science, Mato Grosso Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFMT)-Alta Floresta Campus, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Lázaro W O De Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Fabiano G Costa
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvana A Bordin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Reproduction of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria I Borella
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Godoi FGA, Muñoz-Peñuela M, Gomes ADO, Tolussi CE, Brambila-Souza G, Branco GS, Lo Nostro FL, Moreira RG. Endocrine disruptive action of diclofenac and caffeine on Astyanax altiparanae males (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 231:108720. [PMID: 32004750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) and caffeine (CAF) are persistent pharmaceuticals that occur in mixtures in the aquatic ecosystems causing effects in the reproductive physiology of aquatic organisms. This study evaluated the physiological reproductive responses of Astyanax altiparanae males exposed to nominal concentrations of DCF (3.08 mg L-1) and CAF (9.59 mg L-1) separately and combined, for 96 h. The steroids profile, estrogenic biomarker vitellogenin (vtgA), testes and liver morphology, and also mortality of males were assessed. DCF and CAF degradation was 5% of the initial concentration for 24 h. The LC50 of the DCF and CAF were 30.8 mg L-1 and 95.9 mg L-1, respectively. Males exposed to DCF and CAF exhibited a reduction of 17β-Estradiol (E2) concentration compared to control (CTL). Similarly, testosterone (T) was also reduced in the DCF treatment, but this response was not observed in 11-Ketotestosterone (11-KT). Males exposed to DCF + CAF combined did not exhibit differences in T, E2 and 11-KT steroids. The vtgA gene expression and the sperm concentration did not change among the treatments. Moreover, acute exposure revealed a hypertrophy of hepatocytes cells in the DCF and DCF + CAF treatments. In conclusion, DCF and CAF, isolated, exhibit an endocrine disruptive activity in A. altiparanae male, an opposite response observed with the mixture of both compounds that abolishes the endocrine disruptive effects. DCF seems to be more toxic for this species, altering also hepatocytes morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe G A Godoi
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, n° 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, n° 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline D Olio Gomes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, n° 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Tolussi
- Universidade Anhembi-Morumbi, Campus Mooca, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brambila-Souza
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Branco
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana L Lo Nostro
- Lab. de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires & IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav.14, n° 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Brambila-Souza G, Mylonas CC, Mello PH, Kuradomi RY, Batlouni SR, Tolussi CE, Moreira RG. Thermal manipulation and GnRHa therapy applied to the reproduction of lambari-do-rabo-amarelo, Astyanax altiparanae females (Characiformes: Characidae) during the non-breeding season. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:120-128. [PMID: 30769013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lambari-do-rabo-amarelo Astyanax altiparanae in the wild reproduce during spring and summer, but females undergo vitellogenesis throughout the year, including the non-spawning winter period when water temperatures are low. The present study investigated the physiological role of temperature modulation on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads axis of lambari during winter, as well as the effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy. Captive females were exposed to two different temperatures (20 °C and 27 °C) and were injected weekly with GnRHa for 21 days during winter (Control, CTR; Low dose; LD and high dose of GnRHa, HD). At the end of the 21-days period gonadosomatic index (GSI), oocyte stage of development and theoretical fecundity were evaluated, together with plasma levels of 17β-estradiol (E2). Gene expression of the two pituitary gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (fshβ) and luteinizing hormone (lhβ), as well as hepatic vitellogenin-A (vtgA) expression were also analyzed. At the end of the experimental period, females from the six different experimental conditions were induced to spawn using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Spawning performance parameters and plasma levels of the maturation inducing steroid (MIS) were analyzed. Gene expression of fshβ did not change with temperature manipulation, but females exposed to 27 °C and supplemented with a HD of GnRHa exhibited an increased fshβ gene expression, associated with higher E2 levels. The higher water temperature alone was able to increase E2 levels. At both water temperatures GnRHa injections induced a decrease in E2 levels. GnRHa injected females had a lower vtgA gene expression levels at 20 °C. Even with differences in the gene expression of gonadotropins among the various temperature/GnRHa treatments, GSI and oocyte diameter did not change, but GnRHa enhanced the number of vitellogenic oocytes at 20 °C. The reproductive performance of lambari induced to spawn with hCG was better after the combined treatment with GnRHa and summer temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brambila-Souza
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - C C Mylonas
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - P H Mello
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - S R Batlouni
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Centro de Aquicultura, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - C E Tolussi
- Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R G Moreira
- Instituto de Biociências - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Gonadal steroids and energy availability during ovarian maturation stages of the Amazonian pirarucu Arapaima gigas (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) in the wild. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 230:106-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Branco GS, Melo AG, Ricci JMB, Digmayer M, de Jesus LWO, Habibi HR, Nóbrega RH. Effects of GnRH and the dual regulatory actions of GnIH in the pituitary explants and brain slices of Astyanax altiparanae males. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:209-217. [PMID: 30098316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary gonadotropins, Fsh (follicle-stimulating hormone) and Lh (luteinizing hormone), regulate testicular development and functions in all vertebrates. At the pituitary, different signaling systems regulate the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins, such as the hypothalamic neuropeptides GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) and GnIH (gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone). While GnRH exerts stimulatory roles, the actions of GnIH remain controversial for many teleost species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of chicken GnRH2 (cGnRH2) and zebrafish GnIH-3 (zGnIH-3) on the male gonadotropin and GnRH system expression using pituitary explants and brain slices from a neotropical species with economical and ecological relevance, Astyanax altiparanae. Our results showed that in males, cGnRH2 increased fshb and lhb mRNA levels in the pituitary explants. Interestingly, zGnIH-3 has no effect on basal gonadotropin expression, however zGnIH-3 decreased the cGnRH2-induced fshb and lhb transcripts in male pituitary explants. In the male brain slices, zGnIH-3 showed stimulatory effects, increasing gnrh2 mRNA levels. Overall, our results suggested that GnIH seems to have dual regulatory actions on gonadotropin and GnRH2 expression of A. altiparanae males. This study provided basic information on endocrine regulation of A. altiparanae reproduction, and the obtained results will expand our knowledge, improving the reproductive management of this economically important freshwater species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Souza Branco
- Aquaculture Center of São Paulo State University (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal Campus, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Aline Gomes Melo
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliana M B Ricci
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Melanie Digmayer
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lázaro W O de Jesus
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas - A. C., Simões Campus, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Hamid R Habibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil.
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