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Maruyama K, Morita K. Effectiveness of a Social-Media-Based Diet and Physical Activity Programme for Fathers in Japan: A Randomised Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1104. [PMID: 39200713 PMCID: PMC11354149 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
Provision of healthy lifestyle support for fathers can improve the lifestyles and health awareness of not only fathers but also their children and families. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of education targeting healthy fathers provided via social media. Hence, we aimed to clarify the effects of providing fathers with information on healthy lifestyle habits via social media on their awareness and behaviours regarding diet, physical activity, and healthcare, in addition to such a programme's indirect effects on their children. This randomised controlled trial included 73 fathers of primary school children in Japan. The intervention group received information on 'healthy lifestyle', 'lifestyle-related diseases', 'healthy diet', and 'healthy physical activity' via social media six times every 2 weeks. Data were collected before, 3 months after, and 4 months after the intervention. The intervention was effective in improving some awareness regarding diet, physical activity, and healthcare. In addition, the fathers in the intervention group demonstrated significantly improved interest in their child's diet and exercise habits. Social-media-based diet and physical activity programmes for fathers improved their awareness and behaviour. Therefore, social-media-based health education programmes can be an important tool for increasing fathers' interest in their own health and in their children's lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Maruyama
- Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Public Health Nursing, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
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Moore WS, Maldonado-Molina MM, Mobley AR, Shelnutt KP, McVay MA. Parental Factors Associated With Intentions to Initiate a Family-Based Pediatric Weight Management Program. Child Obes 2024; 20:270-278. [PMID: 37366662 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity can be addressed through family-based pediatric weight management; however, treatment enrollment in the United States is low. This study aimed to identify parental factors associated with intentions to initiate a family-based pediatric weight management program. Methods: Cross-sectional survey data were collected from an online panel of US parents with at least one 5- to 11-year-old child identified as likely to have overweight or obesity. Participants viewed a video about a hypothetical family-based pediatric weight management program, rated their 30-day initiation intentions for that program, and answered additional related questionnaires. Results: Participants (n = 158) identified as White/Caucasian (53%) or Black/African American (47%), were primarily female (61.4%) and married/cohabitating (81.6%) with children who were predominantly girls (53.2%) and, on average, 9-year-olds. Higher parents' perception of program effectiveness predicted initiation intentions (p < 0.001), while concern for their child's weight and parent depression and anxiety levels did not. Higher initiation intentions and perceived program effectiveness were reported by Black/African American participants (p < 0.01) and those with at least a bachelor's degree (p < 0.01) compared to White/Caucasian participants and those without a bachelor's degree, respectively. Initiation intentions were higher for those with greater financial security (p = 0.020) and fewer than three children in the home (p = 0.026). Participants endorsed initiation barriers of time constraints (25%), possible lack of enjoyment for the child (16.9%), and lack of family support (15%). Conclusions: Future program enrollment efforts may need to focus on strategies to increase perceived program effectiveness, although further research is needed that measures actual enrollment in real-world contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy S Moore
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mildred M Maldonado-Molina
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Amy R Mobley
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Karla P Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Megan A McVay
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Overman ML, Vrijkotte T, Sánchez Castro YM, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Hunsberger M, Renders CM, Kremers SPJ, Chinapaw MJM. The cross-sectional association of parental psychosocial status with children's Body Mass Index z-score and the mediating role of children's energy balance behaviors - the ABCD Study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302147. [PMID: 38683830 PMCID: PMC11057752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the cross-sectional association between the psychosocial status of mothers and fathers and the BMI z-scores of their 10 to 12-year-old children. Explore whether this association is mediated by children's diet, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Analyze the moderating effect of the educational levels of both the mother and father on the association. DESIGN In a cross-sectional study design, children's height and weight were measured following a standardized protocol. Parents completed the validated Depression Anxiety and Stress questionnaire, while diet quality, sports participation, time spent in bed and screen time were assessed through child-report using previously validated questions. PARTICIPANTS The data for this study were obtained from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, involving children aged 10 to 12 years and both of their parents (N = 1315). RESULTS The majority, 80%, of the parents were highly educated and born in the Netherlands, and 68% of the children had a healthy BMI. Maternal or paternal psychosocial status was not significantly associated with children's BMI z-score (maternal β -0.0037; 95% CI: -0.008 to 0.0007, paternal β 0.0028; 95% CI: -0.007 to 0.002). Screen time mediated the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score (β = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.002; 0.020). Children's diet, physical activity, and sleep did not mediate the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score. Parental educational level was not a moderator. CONCLUSIONS This research is unique in including four energy balance behaviors and including both mothers and fathers' psychosocial status. Children withfathers experiencing poorer psychosocial status engaged in more screen time which partly explained their higher BMI z-score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. Overman
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vrijkotte
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda M. Sánchez Castro
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet W. Harskamp-van Ginkel
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Hunsberger
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carry M. Renders
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stef P. J. Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mai J. M. Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zhang L, Dai S, Chen Y, Jin T, Li W, Wang W, Pu J, Jia P, Zhao L, Sun X. Scoping review of obesity interventions: Research frontiers and publication status. iScience 2024; 27:109240. [PMID: 38495822 PMCID: PMC10940913 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are significant global health issues, and numerous obesity intervention studies have been conducted. Summarizing current knowledge of interventions aims to inform researchers and policymakers to keep up-to-date with the latest scientific advancements and trends. In this review, we comprehensively retrieved and screened 4,541 studies on obesity intervention published between 2018 and 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection, and objectively presented research frontiers using bibliometric analysis. The research frontiers of intervention are mainly focused on dietary, exercise, pharmacological interventions, bariatric surgery, environmental, and cognitive interventions. Time-restricted eating is the hottest research topic, followed by probiotics and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Gut microbiota is located in the "Basic and transversal themes" quadrant with a high centrality and low density, which has great development potentiality. Obesity intervention is becoming increasingly common,and we advocate for researchers to undertake more focused research endeavors that consider the specific characteristics of diverse populations or patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Medical Discipline Construction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Jin
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Discipline Construction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Pu
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Richardson TN, Reis P, Swanson M. Mental Health and Feeding Styles in Parents of Formula-Fed Infants. Child Obes 2024; 20:178-187. [PMID: 37130301 PMCID: PMC10979682 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nonresponsive feeding styles can contribute to rapid weight gain in infancy and subsequent obesity in childhood. There is a need to investigate factors such as parental mental health symptoms (stress, depression, and anxiety) that may contribute to nonresponsive feeding styles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental mental health symptoms and feeding styles in parents of healthy, term formula-fed infants during the first year of life. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was employed using online surveys. We recruited participants through Facebook groups and pediatricians' offices. Instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale-10, Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression Module-9, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, and Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire. Results: Participants were 306 parents of formula-fed infants. Greater depressive symptoms was the strongest predictor of the pressuring style (β = 0.54), while greater symptoms of stress (β = -0.13) and anxiety (β = -0.28) were associated with lower pressuring scores. Greater depressive symptoms was the strongest predictor of the laissez-faire style (β = 0.48), while greater symptoms of stress (β = -0.17) and anxiety (β = -0.23) were associated with lower laissez-faire scores. Engaging in ≤50% of the infant's feeds was the strongest control variable predictor for the pressuring and laissez-faire styles. None of the mental health variables were significantly related to the restrictive style. Conclusions: We recommend increased screening for depressive symptoms in parents of infants and responsive feeding support, especially for those experiencing depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Reis
- College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Mel Swanson
- College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Jansen E, Marceau K, Sellers R, Chen T, Garfield CF, Leve LD, Neiderhiser JM, Spotts EL, Roary M. The role of fathers in child development from preconception to postnatal influences: Opportunities for the National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22451. [PMID: 38388196 PMCID: PMC10902630 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
A growing body of literature highlights the important role of paternal health and socioemotional characteristics in child development, from preconception through adolescence. Much of this research addresses the indirect effects of fathers, for instance, their influence on maternal behaviors during the prenatal period or via the relationship with their partner. However, emerging evidence also recognizes the direct role of paternal health and behavior for child health and adjustment across development. This critical review presents evidence of biological and sociocultural influences of fathers on preconception, prenatal, and postnatal contributions to child development. The National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program incorporates in its central conceptualization the impact of fathers on family and child outcomes. This critical synthesis of the literature focuses on three specific child outcomes in the ECHO program: health outcomes (e.g., obesity), neurodevelopmental outcomes (e.g., emotional, behavioral, psychopathological development), and positive health. We highlight the unique insights gained from the literature to date and provide next steps for future studies on paternal influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jansen
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ruth Sellers
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Craig F Garfield
- Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leslie D Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Jenae M Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erica L Spotts
- Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Roary
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Laila A, Gallant M, Bain M, Alexander C, Reis L, Welboren A, von Massow M, Parizeau K, Walton K, Ma DWL, Haines J. Household Food Waste Intervention Is Feasible, Acceptable, and Effective. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 56:110-117. [PMID: 38325952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of Weeknight Supper Savers, a family-based intervention designed to promote meal preparation and food waste reduction. METHODS The 4-week program was piloted using a single-arm, prepost design. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, the intervention included a chef-led online cooking class, a food waste toolkit, and 4 text messages/wk. Postintervention surveys were used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions. RESULTS Eighteen families (95%) attended their scheduled cooking class. All parents who completed the survey (17 mothers and 12 fathers) reported being satisfied with the overall program, the cooking class, and the toolkit. Approximately 73% of the children (n = 21) reported being satisfied with the overall program, and 77% reported being satisfied with the cooking class and the toolkit. CONCLUSIONS The intervention was feasible and well-received by families. Results could help inform future public health programs focused on reducing household food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Laila
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Monica Gallant
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maggie Bain
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chloe Alexander
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leticia Reis
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Welboren
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mike von Massow
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Parizeau
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathryn Walton
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Rathi N, Kansal S, Worsley A. Indian fathers are involved in nurturing healthy behaviours in adolescents: A qualitative inquiry. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:88. [PMID: 38178085 PMCID: PMC10768344 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indian adolescents exhibit unhealthy food behaviours and inactive lifestyles which increase their risk of developing obesity and associated negative health consequences. The family food environment represents a vital setting to nurture healthy lifestyle behaviours in adolescents, with parents influencing their adolescents' dietary and physical activity behaviours. Yet, much of the existing evidence exploring parental influences predominantly focuses on mothers while fathers' engagement in instilling healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours is understudied, more so in the context of developing economies like India. Therefore, this qualitative study was designed to understand Indian fathers' views on instilling healthy behaviours in their children. METHODS Convenience sampling along with snowball sampling techniques were employed to recruit fathers of adolescents aged 10-19 years from Kolkata city, India. Informed by the research aim and review of literature, an interview guide was developed and pre-tested. Interviews were carried out either in person or virtually (Zoom/telephone) in English/Hindi/Bengali as per the preference of the participants. All interactions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated to English for the purpose of data analysis. The transcripts were analysed thematically using NVivo software program. Themes were identified using both inductive and deductive approaches. RESULTS A total 36 fathers participated in the interviews. Seven main themes were identified: (i) Involvement of fathers in adolescent upbringing (i.e. engagement in meal preparation, food shopping, educational activities, physical activity); (ii) Family food environment (i.e. setting food rules, having meals with children, making food available); (iii) Challenges to instilling healthy behaviours in adolescents (i.e. adolescents' sedentary lifestyle and liking for unhealthy foods); (iv) Barriers to routine involvement in adolescent upbringing (i.e. time constraints due to paid employment, poor socio-economic status); (v) Adolescent nutrition education: (vi) Dual burden of malnutrition (i.e. awareness of malnutrition, no knowledge about government-led health programs for adolescents); (vii) Paternal knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The emerging themes reveal that Indian fathers played a crucial role in instilling healthy dietary and physical activity behaviour in their adolescents through various parenting practices such as purchasing nutritious food, enforcing food rules, disseminating nutrition-related knowledge, and encouraging adolescents to participate in moderate-to-vigorous intensity outdoor sports. This provides strong support for the inclusion of fathers in sustainable family-focused lifestyle interventions to maximise the nurturing care required by adolescents as well as assist in normalising the representation of fathers in health and welfare policies designed for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rathi
- Department of Home Science, Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sangeeta Kansal
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anthony Worsley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 3220, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Madsen M, Michaelsen L, DeCosta P, Grabowski D. Stigma-Generating Mechanisms in Families Enrolled in a Pediatric Weight Management Program: A Qualitative Study of Health Identities and Healthcare Authenticity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 11:46. [PMID: 38255360 PMCID: PMC10813986 DOI: 10.3390/children11010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increased awareness of obesity as a condition that carries a high level of stigma, as well as growing recognition of its prevalence and harm. Despite the increasing body of research on this topic, there is a gap in the literature regarding mechanisms that generate or exacerbate perceptions of weight stigma, especially within families and pediatric healthcare settings. The present study aims to identify potential stigma-generating mechanisms by focusing on inter-relational dynamics within these contexts. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 11 families and analyzed the data by applying sociological theories on health identities and authenticity. Our study found four themes that represent potential stigma-generating mechanisms by being explicitly related to familial health identities and healthcare authenticity: (1) negotiating and reconstruction familial self-understanding, (2) between guilt, shame and conflicts, (3) navigating weight perceptions, and (4) the necessity of positivity and relevance. Our study shows the complexities of weight stigma within family and pediatric healthcare settings, emphasizing the need for sensitive and tailored support, as well as the value of working authentically as crucial aspects in preventing and/or reducing stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Madsen
- Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (P.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Lene Michaelsen
- The Centre for Children and Youths Health, Mimersgade 47A, 2nd Floor, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Patricia DeCosta
- Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (P.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Dan Grabowski
- Department of Prevention, Health Promotion and Community Care, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (P.D.); (D.G.)
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Litterbach EK, Laws R, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Spence AC. Mothers' experiences of reducing family mealtime screen use in Australian households with young children. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e21. [PMID: 38099428 PMCID: PMC10830358 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Screen use at mealtimes is associated with poor dietary and psychosocial outcomes in children and is disproportionately prevalent among families of low socio-economic position (SEP). This study aimed to explore experiences of reducing mealtime screen use in mothers of low SEP with young children. DESIGN Motivational interviews, conducted via Zoom or telephone, addressed barriers and facilitators to reducing mealtime screen use. Following motivational interviews, participants co-designed mealtime screen use reduction strategies and trialled these for 3-4 weeks. Follow-up semi-structured interviews then explored maternal experiences of implementing strategies, including successes and difficulties. Transcripts were analysed thematically. SETTING Australia. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen mothers who had no university education and a child between six months and six years old. RESULTS A range of strategies aimed to reduce mealtime screen use were co-designed. The most widely used strategies included changing mealtime location and parental modelling of expected behaviours. Experiences were influenced by mothers' levels of parenting self-efficacy and mealtime consistency, included changes to mealtime foods and an increased value of mealtimes. Experiences were reportedly easier, more beneficial and offered more opportunities for family communication, than anticipated. Change required considerable effort. However, effort decreased with consistency. CONCLUSIONS The diverse strategies co-designed by mothers highlight the importance of understanding why families engage in mealtime screen use and providing tailored advice for reduction. Although promising themes were identified, in this motivated sample, changing established mealtime screen use habits still required substantial effort. Embedding screen-free mealtime messaging into nutrition promotion from the inception of eating will be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise-Kate Litterbach
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, Diabetes Victoria, Melbourne, VIC3053, Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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Salemonsen E, Langeland IO, Holm AL. Experiences of childhood weight management among Norwegian fathers of children with overweight or obesity - a qualitative interview study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2235116. [PMID: 37442142 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2235116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paternal participation and experiences in childhood weight management is an understudied studied area. Given the important role fathers play in childhood obesity prevention and treatment, the aim of this study was to explore Norwegian fathers' experiences of helping to prevent further weight gain in their children with overweight or obesity. METHODS Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight fathers of ten children with overweight or obesity and analysed by qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The analysis resulted in one overall theme: Balancing between assuming and avoiding responsibility for weight management with a desire to preserve the child's dignity, comprising two themes: 1) Alternating between concern, helplessness and responsibility, 2) Needing acknowledgement, and flexible and tailored professional support, both of which have several sub-themes. CONCLUSION Fathers need guidance on how to talk to their children to prevent further weight gain, while at the same time emphasizing safeguarding the child's dignity. Healthcare professionals should address parents' own emotional barriers and include fathers to a greater extent as a resource in family-centred counselling and tailor guidance and support to help with childhood weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Salemonsen
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Ingrid Oma Langeland
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Holm
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Haugesund, Norway
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12
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Moura AF, Grønhøj A, Aschemann-Witzel J. Spicing up food interactions: Development of a healthy food education activity targeting fathers and their young children. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1795-1810. [PMID: 37158136 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity rates have been rapidly increasing worldwide. Several actions to reduce this trend have addressed maternal feeding practices. However, research reports an unwillingness to taste healthful foods expressed by children and fathers, which represents a major obstacle to a healthy diet in the family household. The present study aims to propose and qualitatively evaluate an intervention to increase fathers' involvement with their families' healthy eating through exposure to new/disliked healthy foods. METHODS Fifteen Danish families took part in a 4-week online intervention involving picture book reading, a sensory experience session and the cooking of four recipes with four targeted vegetables (celeriac, Brussels sprouts, spinach and kale) and two spices (turmeric and ginger). Interviews were conducted with the families and the content was analysed through a blended or abductive approach. RESULTS Participating in the activities motivated children and fathers to try new vegetables and spices, and increased fathers' sense of self-efficacy toward cooking, tasting new foods and healthy feeding. For the family, the intervention acted as a trigger to consume a higher variety of vegetables and spices and prompted feelings of "food joy". The outcomes observed are of importance considering the relatively low cost and the remote approach of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the fact that fathers play an important role in the home food environment. We conclude that fathers should be included to a higher extent in food and nutrition strategies aimed at promoting healthy weight development in their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Ferreira Moura
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Management, BSS, MAPP Centre for Research on Value Creation in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - Alice Grønhøj
- Department of Management, BSS, MAPP Centre for Research on Value Creation in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
- Department of Management, BSS, MAPP Centre for Research on Value Creation in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
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13
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Ma X, Li W, Rukavina PB. Challenges encountered by parents from urban, lower social economic class in changing lifestyle behaviors of their children who are overweight or obese. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:457. [PMID: 37700221 PMCID: PMC10496151 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents from urban, lower social economic classes often encounter unique challenges in their lives, which shape how they work with their children who are overweight or obese to change their exercise and eating behaviors at home. The present study took an initial step to address a gap in the literature by describing the challenges that parents from lower social economic classes in an urban city encountered in changing exercise and eating behaviors of their children who are overweight or obese. METHODS A conversational style semi-structured interview with prompts and probes was conducted to 44 parents whose child is overweight or obese. Inductive content analysis and constant comparison was used to analyze the data. Data trustworthiness was established by using a variety of strategies. RESULTS Two major themes with eight sub-themes emerged from the data: Challenges to promote a healthy active lifestyle, and challenges from their child's development and lifestyle behavior. Eight sub-themes were: (1) Need for effective strategies for a lifestyle behavior change, (2) monitor and promote healthy choices, (3) money, time, and dangerous neighborhood, (4) scientific knowledge to promote a healthy active lifestyle, (5) developmental changes of adolescence, (6) unmotivated and lack of persistence, (7) sneaking eating, and (8) peer pressure. CONCLUSION The challenges, from economic to parenting, are certainly of importance, and understanding these challenges will be crucial to help school-based professionals develop interventions. Those identified challenges should be clearly placed within family-school collaboration practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Shanghai University of Sport, Changhai Road 399, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Education & Human Ecology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, PAES Building A270 305 Annie and John Glenn Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210-1224, USA.
| | - Paul B Rukavina
- Adelphi University, Woodruff hall, 1 South Avenue, Garden City, NY, USA
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14
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Ad G, Dc G, Nj J, Se W, Tr B, Slusser W, Pj C. A Hybrid Mobile Phone Feasibility Study Focusing on Latino Mothers, Fathers, and Grandmothers to Prevent Obesity in Preschoolers. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:1621-1631. [PMID: 37347374 PMCID: PMC10359399 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To pilot the feasibility of a mobile phone childhood obesity intervention for family caregivers of Latino preschool-aged children. METHODS An evidence-based early childhood obesity intervention was adapted to have cultural relevance and a shorter-length curriculum for mothers, fathers, and grandmothers of 2- to 5-year-old Latino children. Traditional in-person group sessions (four weeks) were combined with eight weeks of mobile phone content to support parenting skills and evidence-based and age-appropriate nutritional practices in either English or Spanish. A convenience sample of Latino families were recruited from WIC and Early Education Centers in East Los Angeles. Feasibility measures were collected. Child and caregiver height and weight were measured, and caregiver surveys of child dietary intake were collected at baseline, 1- and 6-month post-baseline. Changes in child's dietary intake and BMI, as well as caregiver BMI, were examined using a mixed effects linear regression model with family random intercept and nested random slope for time period of measurement. RESULTS The program was delivered to 64 low-income Latino families (46 mothers, 34 fathers, 16 grandmothers, and 48 children). Children had a reduction in raw BMI, BMI percentile, and BMI z-scores at 6-months post-baseline compared to baseline measurements. The study also demonstrated stable BMI outcomes among all caregivers. CONCLUSION The pilot study shows promise in preventing childhood obesity, and having a multi-generational impact on weight outcomes. Leveraging the high-use of mobile phones has the potential to shorten in-person interventions, and engage fathers and grandmothers who play an important role in shaping healthy weight practices in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guerrero Ad
- UCLA Department of Pediatrics and Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Glik Dc
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jackson Nj
- UCLA Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Whaley Se
- Division of Research and Evaluation, Public Health Foundation Enterprises WIC, Irwindale, CA, USA
| | - Belin Tr
- Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Slusser
- UCLA Department of Pediatrics and Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chung Pj
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA
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15
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Gruson-Wood J, Haines J, Rice C, Chapman GE. The problem of heteronormativity in family-based health promotion: centring gender transformation in Ontario, Canada. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2023; 114:659-670. [PMID: 37040043 PMCID: PMC10088627 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social scientists have demonstrated that family health work is interlinked with heteronormative gender inequities. Yet family-based public health interventions rarely incorporate a gender transformative approach or address heteronormativity as a potential health barrier in North America. Instead, attention to gender surfaces primarily in family health interventions conducted in low- to middle-income countries with majority Black and racialized populations. The objective of this article is to establish the importance of designing health interventions that account for heteronormative relations in Ontarian families by drawing on empirical data from the Guelph Family Health Study (GFHS). METHODS We draw on data (February-October 2019) from (1) semi-structured interviews with 20 families and with 4 health educators facilitating the GFHS home visits and (2) observational data of 11 GFHS home visits and 1 health educator training day. Informed by gender transformation theory, data were analyzed and coded to understand the impact of gender, sexuality, and place in family health interventions. RESULTS Pre-existing heteronormative parenting relations were reinforced through GFHS participation: the GFHS was mother-led, increasing some mothers' stress levels. Fathers tended to consider paid work a justification for disengaging from the GFHS, and their detachment sometimes obstructed mothers' intervention efforts. Health educators (all women) were caught in these relations, feeling like because of their gender, they were viewed by parents as confidants and marriage counsellors. CONCLUSION Findings emphasize the need for expanding the epistemic and methodological approaches to family-based health interventions, changing the demographic and geographic emphasis within the field, and designing interventions that focus on societal-level changes. Heterosexuality has not been analyzed as a risk factor within the public health field, but our findings indicate the need for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gruson-Wood
- Social Practice and Transformational Change Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| | - Jess Haines
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Carla Rice
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Gwen E Chapman
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Moura AF, Philippe K. Where is the father? Challenges and solutions to the inclusion of fathers in child feeding and nutrition research. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1183. [PMID: 37337169 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increasing acknowledgement of fathers' involvement in and impact on children's lives, fathers remain underrepresented in child feeding and childhood obesity prevention research, interventions, and actions. Built on our own experiences with conducting research with fathers and recent evidence on this topic, this Research in Practice article has three aims. It will first substantiate the importance of including and studying fathers in the field of child feeding and childhood obesity prevention based on recent study results. Secondly, the article will present and discuss barriers to fathers' inclusion and participation (why isn't it happening?), among other issues, by drawing on sociological and gender ideological insights. Finally, it will provide recommendations and suggestions related to recruitment, focus and methods that can facilitate fathers' involvement in future research, interventions, and practice. Taken together, this article aims to provide tools for giving fathers a voice in the field of child nutrition and by doing so, to decrease maternal-only "burden" of care. We hope our experiences and theoretical reflections will inspire and support researchers and practitioners to be as successful as possible in the realm of family care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia F Moura
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK.
- Department of Management, Business and Social Sciences Faculty, MAPP Centre for Research On Value Creating in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Kaat Philippe
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, F-21000, France
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
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17
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Laviolette C, Johnson CM, Butler JL, Biediger-Friedman L, Sharkey JR. Nutrition Effects of a Family-Centered Health Promotion Program for Mexican-Heritage Children in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071600. [PMID: 37049438 PMCID: PMC10097021 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic and social factors, like poverty and food insecurity, negatively influence fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and body mass index (BMI) among Latino/a children. Behavioral programs are needed to support children’s nutrition. This study examined program effects on FV intake and BMI outcomes for Mexican-heritage children (9–11 years). The program used a modified stepped-wedge design in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas (2019 and 2020). Promotoras led experiential nutrition education sessions and collected height, weight, and instant skin carotenoid scores (biomarker for FV intake) at pre-test (baseline), post-test (6 weeks), and maintenance (3–4 months after post-test). Mean changes and group differences in skin carotenoid scores, BMI z-scores and percentiles were obtained from analyses of variance. Linear mixed-effects models were used to determine overall program effects. Mexican-heritage children were enrolled (n = 57 and 52.6% female). An overall decrease in skin carotenoid scores was observed at post-test (−15.1; 95% CI: −24.95, −5.33). While scores varied widely (range: 17–498), an increase of 14.8 ± 23.8 points occurred in one intervention group. Compared to the control period, greater reductions in BMI outcomes occurred during the program. These findings provide evidence for the use of strengths-based approaches in behavioral nutrition programs.
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Vilasboas T, Le Q, Greaney ML, Lindsay AC. Brazilian Immigrant Parents' Preferences for Content and Intervention Modalities for the Design of a Family-Based Intervention to Promote Their Preschool-Age Children's Healthful Energy Balance-Related Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4817. [PMID: 36981726 PMCID: PMC10048827 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Brazilians are a rapidly growing ethnic immigrant population in the United States (U.S.), and there is a lack of childhood obesity prevention interventions addressing the needs of Brazilian preschool-age children. Using the family ecological model (FEM) as a guide, this developmental cross-sectional study assessed the preferences (content, intervention modality, and language) of 52 individual Brazilian immigrant parents (27 mothers, 25 fathers) for a family-based intervention to promote healthful energy balance-related behaviors (EBRB). Overall, 85% or more of parents reported being interested or very interested in content related to five of the seven assessed EBRBs (increasing fruits and vegetables, reducing unhealthy foods and sugar-sweetened beverages, increasing physical activity, and reducing screen time). Parent-preferred intervention modalities were group sessions delivered by community health workers (CHWs, 86.5%), email (84.6%), and messaging (78.8%), with most parents (71.2%) indicating a preference for content in Portuguese. Interventions integrating multiple components, such as group sessions offered by CHWs and text messaging using SMS and WhatsApp, should be considered. Future steps for intervention development should include investigating different communication channels and their integration into a culturally and linguistically tailored family-based intervention designed to promote healthful EBRBs of preschool-age children in Brazilian families living in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Vilasboas
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Qun Le
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts—Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Mary L. Greaney
- Department of Health Studies, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ana Cristina Lindsay
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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19
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Perceived challenges and strategies to achieve Canada's Food Guide recommendation to "Cook more often": Findings from parents of young children. Appetite 2023; 182:106413. [PMID: 36529319 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Unhealthy diets are detrimental to health, but home meal preparation is associated with better diet quality. Among a sample of parents of children aged 2-12, this study aimed to 1) explore perceived challenges and strategies to meeting the 2019 Canada's Food Guide recommendation of "Cook more often". From October 2019 to January 2020, 8 focus groups were conducted with 40 parents (73% mothers; 78% white) from Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Sessions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A hybrid thematic approach with inductive and deductive data analysis was used. Reported challenges included time constraints, picky eating, lacking cooking skills, high price of some fresh ingredients, school restrictions on meals at school, and the influence of children's peers on food choices, mainly unhealthy snacks. Reported strategies to mitigate some challenges included planning and preparing meals ahead of time, using technology or services to make meal planning and grocery shopping more convenient, using devices and kitchen instruments, such as Crockpot®, to make cooking faster, receiving help from spouse or child(ren), and acknowledging that foods perceived as less healthful in moderation can be included in meal preparation. These findings can help inform interventions and educational campaigns to support cooking among families with young children.
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20
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Latomme J, Morgan PJ, Chastin S, Brondeel R, Cardon G. Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on co-physical activity and other health-related outcomes of fathers and their children: the 'Run Daddy Run' intervention. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:342. [PMID: 36793044 PMCID: PMC9930712 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fathers are important in establishing healthy behaviors in their children, but are rarely engaged in lifestyle programs. Focusing on physical activity (PA) of both fathers and their children by engaging them together in PA (i.e. "co-PA") is therefore a promising novel strategy for interventions. The study aim was to investigate the effect of the 'Run Daddy Run' on co-PA and PA of fathers and their children, and secondary outcomes such as weight status and sedentary behaviour (SB). METHODS This study is a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), including 98 fathers and one of their 6 to 8 years old children (intervention = 35, control = 63). The intervention was implemented over a 14-week period, and consisted of six (inter)active father-child sessions and an online component. Due to COVID-19, only 2/6 sessions could be implemented as planned, the remaining sessions were delivered online. In November 2019-January 2020 pre-test measurements took place, and post-test measurements in June 2020. Additional follow-up test was conducted in November 2020. PA (i.e. LPA, MPA, VPA and volume) of fathers and children were objectively measured using accelerometry, co-PA and the secondary outcomes were questioned using an online questionnaire. RESULTS Significant intervention effects were found for co-PA (+ 24 min./day in the intervention compared to the control group, p = 0.002), and MPA of the father (+ 17 min./day, p = 0.035). For children, a significant increase in LPA (+ 35 min./day, p < 0.001) was found. However, an inverse intervention effect was found for their MPA and VPA (-15 min./day, p = 0.005 and - 4 min./day, p = 0.002, respectively). Also decreases in fathers' and children's SB were found (-39 min./day, p = 0.022 and - 40 min./day, p = 0.003, respectively), but no changes in weight status, the father-child relationship, and the PA-family health climate (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The Run Daddy Run intervention was able to improve co-PA, MPA of fathers and LPA of children, and decreasing their SB. Inverse intervention effects were however found for MPA and VPA of children. These results are unique given their magnitude and clinical relevance. Targeting fathers together with their children might be a novel and potential intervention strategy to improve overall physical activity levels, however, further efforts should however be made to target children's MPA and VPA. Last, replicating these findings in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is recommended for future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This study is registered as a clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov, ID number: NCT04590755, date: 19/10/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Latomme
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XPRCPAN (Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition), School of Education, University of Newcastle, 2308 Newcastle, Australia
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- grid.5214.20000 0001 0669 8188Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland, UK
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Jeong J, Sullivan EF, McCann JK, McCoy DC, Yousafzai AK. Implementation characteristics of father-inclusive interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1520:34-52. [PMID: 36482863 PMCID: PMC9974925 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although prior reviews have documented the effectiveness of engaging male caregivers in early childhood interventions, little is known about how these interventions have been designed and implemented to reach, engage, and support male caregivers in low-resource global settings. We searched five bibliographic databases for intervention studies that engaged male caregivers to improve nurturing care for children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries. Forty-four articles met the inclusion criteria, which represented 33 interventions. Fathers specifically were the most common type of male caregivers targeted in these interventions. The majority of interventions invited fathers to participate alongside their female partners. Community-based peer-groups were the most common delivery model. Most interventions used the same program structure for fathers as applied to mothers, with few considering whether implementation adaptations were needed for men. Intervention curricula were multicomponent and largely targeted child nutrition, health, and couples' relationships. A minority of programs addressed parenting, psychosocial wellbeing, violence prevention, gender attitudes, or economic support. Behavior change techniques were limited to interactive counseling and peer learning. Male caregivers remain missing from caregiving interventions for young children. A greater focus on implementation research can inform better inclusion, engagement, and support for male caregivers in nurturing care interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Jeong
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Juliet K McCann
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dana C McCoy
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aisha K Yousafzai
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Mobley AR, Gans KM, Adamsons K, Huedo-Medina TB. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes of a Father-Focused Childhood Obesity Prevention Program for Low-Income Families with Preschool-Age Children. Child Obes 2023; 19:13-24. [PMID: 35275734 PMCID: PMC10081718 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Few childhood obesity prevention interventions have focused exclusively on fathers, particularly in low-income families. The objectives of this study were to determine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a father-focused childhood obesity prevention program for low-income families with preschool children (ages 3-5 years old). Methods: Father-child pairs (n = 45) enrolled in a community-based intervention in a Northeastern US state and were assigned within groups to intervention (n = 31) or a delayed comparison group (n = 14). The 8-week (2 h/week) program included nutrition, cooking, and parent education. Feasibility (enrollment, retention, and attendance) and acceptability (quality and value of program) of the program were assessed. Pre/Post measures included the Meals in our Household, Comprehensive Feeding Practices, Healthy Kids, and the Cooking Matters questionnaires. T-tests were conducted and Hedge's g was calculated to estimate effect sizes. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.10. Results: Results indicated feasibility and acceptability of the program for intervention fathers, but recruitment and retention of comparison fathers proved challenging. Small to medium effect sizes were detected for improvements in fathers' feeding pressure (g = 0.48, p = 0.005), confidence in cooking skills (g = 0.25, p = 0.09), ability to cook healthy foods on a budget (g = 0.33, p = 0.10), and frequency that fathers cooked dinner (g = 0.15, p = 0.06). There was a large effect size detected in the increase of green salad consumption (g = 0.75, p = 0.01) by fathers and a small effect size for frequency of children eating vegetables (g = 0.13, p = 0.07). Conclusions: While results are promising, further research should evaluate impact of a larger scale father-focused intervention on diet and obesity risk. The project was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03071419.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Mobley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Kim M. Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Institute for Collaboration in Health, Intervention and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Kari Adamsons
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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23
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Litterbach EK, Laws R, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Spence AC. "That's the routine": A qualitative exploration of mealtime screen use in lower educated Australian families with young children. Appetite 2023; 180:106377. [PMID: 36410562 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family meals are an opportune context for initiating healthy eating habits in young children. However, using screens at family mealtimes may negate some of the associated nutritional and social benefits. In High Income countries, frequent mealtime screen use is common, particularly in families of low socioeconomic position (SEP). This study aimed to explore experiences and acceptability of mealtime screen use in families of low SEP with young children. METHODS Qualitative interviews with 25 mothers of low SEP were conducted via telephone or Zoom™ using Photo Interviewing and a semi-structured interview script. Transcripts were analysed thematically using a Constructivist paradigm. RESULTS Many parents reported an eagerness for reducing family mealtime screen use. Three major themes were identified in explaining the reasons behind levels of engagement in family mealtime screen use. These included parental self-efficacy, such as parental confidence in saying no to screens at mealtimes, physical resources such as having enough space in the home for a functioning dining table without view of a television, and temporal priorities such as prioritising screen use for managing children's difficult behaviour at mealtimes over long-term health considerations. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that although family mealtime screen use is likely linked with a range of child behaviours and parenting practices that may negatively influence children's dietary intake and social engagement, parents often considered screens acceptable at mealtimes. Nonetheless, parents' desire to reduce family mealtime screen use provides an important opportunity to determine how best to support parents to achieve this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise-Kate Litterbach
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Salemonsen E, Holm AL, Øen KG. Struggling with overweight or obesity in children - fathers' perceptions and experiences of contributing factors, role and responsibility. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2093912. [PMID: 35786409 PMCID: PMC9254993 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2093912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The family environment is crucial in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity; however, there is a lack of knowledge concerning paternal perceptions and experiences in childhood weight management. The aim of this study was to explore (i) perceptions of contributing factors to childhood overweight and obesity among fathers of children with overweight or obesity and (ii) the fathers' experiences of their parental role caring for a child with overweight or obesity. METHOD A qualitative content analysis was conducted of data from semi-structured in-depth interviews with eight Norwegian fathers of ten children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. RESULTS The analysis identified one overall theme; Feeling uncertain and struggling to understand their own responsibility for the child's overweight or obesity, which consists of two themes; 1)Trying hard to figure out the child's obesity as a complex interaction of factors and 2)Family functioning-negotiating roles and responsibility in parenthood. CONCLUSION Fathers must be met with understanding about their uncertainty and their struggle to understand their individual responsibility for their child's weight excess. It can be necessary to address the significance of family functioning, collaboration, responsibility within the familiy in addition to structural responsibility in clinical dialogues and counselling in order to help with weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Salemonsen
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Holm
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Kirsten Gudbjørg Øen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Philippe K, Perrotta C, O’Donnell A, McAuliffe FM, Phillips CM. Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276491. [PMID: 36327318 PMCID: PMC9632912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse family-based lifestyle factors in the preconception period, pregnancy and early-childhood are major risk factors for childhood obesity and there is a growing consensus that early life interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children are required. However, results from recent systematic reviews of preconception and pregnancy interventions have demonstrated mixed success. Therefore, this protocol presents a study aiming to summarise and evaluate complex preconception and pregnancy intervention components, process evaluation components, and authors' statements, with a view to improving our understanding regarding their success and informing design or adaptation of more effective interventions to prevent childhood obesity. A scoping review will be conducted, using the frameworks of the JBI and Arksey and O'Malley. A two-step approach will be used to identify relevant literature: (1) systematic searches will be conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL to identify all eligible preconception and pregnancy trials with offspring data; and (2) CLUSTER searches will be conducted to find linked publications to eligible trials (follow-ups, process evaluation publications). Two researchers will independently select studies, chart, and synthesise data. A qualitative thematic analysis will be performed in which statements related to process evaluation components and authors' interpretations will be coded as "reasons". A descriptive analysis will be performed to evaluate intervention complexity using a complex intervention framework (AHRQ series; Medical Research Council guidance). The results of this study, which will be discussed with an expert group as part of a consultation stage, aim to identify gaps and inform the design or adaptation of future preconception and pregnancy interventions and approaches to potentially increase success rates. We expect that our results, which will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, will be of interest to researchers, families, and practitioners concerned with good preconception and prenatal care, and healthy child outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaat Philippe
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| | - Carla Perrotta
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling O’Donnell
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine M. Phillips
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Schoeppe S, Salmon J, Williams S, Power D, Waters K, Alley S, Rebar AL, Hayman M, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C. Feasibility of using activity trackers and apps to increase physical activity in whole families: The Step it Up Family intervention. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221129083. [PMID: 36225986 PMCID: PMC9548676 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221129083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study examined the feasibility of an activity tracker and app intervention to increase physical activity in whole families. Methods This was a single-arm feasibility study with pre-post-intervention measures. Between 2017 and 2018, 40 families (58 children aged 6-10 years, 39 mothers, 33 fathers) participated in the 6-week Step it Up Family programme in Queensland, Australia. It was delivered using Garmin activity trackers and apps, weekly motivational text messages and an introductory session. Online surveys and semi-structured interviews conducted with parents assessed intervention usage, acceptability, usability, perceived usefulness, use of physical activity self-management strategies and programme influence. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and qualitative content analysis. Results Overall, 38 families completed the post-intervention survey (95% family retention; 90% children, 95% mothers, 88% fathers). Garmin activity tracker usage was high (i.e. nearly 24/7 during the 6 weeks intervention). Families also used the Garmin apps regularly (i.e. mostly 2-6 times per week). Further, 80% of mothers and 52% of fathers read the motivational mobile text messages. Usability and perceived usefulness of the Garmin activity trackers and apps were rated high. Both parents significantly increased their use of physical activity self-management strategies from pre to post-intervention. Parents expressed that the intervention had increased awareness of physical (in)activity in the family, encouraged to be active and promoted outdoor family activities. Conclusions Using activity trackers and apps to increase physical activity in the whole family was well received by children and parents which suggests that this intervention approach is feasible. However, further testing is needed amongst more diverse family populations. These early findings support the implementation of a randomised controlled trial to examine intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schoeppe
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia,Stephanie Schoeppe, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Building 7, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.
| | - Jo Salmon
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Deborah Power
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Kim Waters
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Stephanie Alley
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Amanda L. Rebar
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Melanie Hayman
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
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Mayes C, Lawson-Boyd E, Meloni M. Situating the Father: Strengthening Interdisciplinary Collaborations between Sociology, History and the Emerging POHaD Paradigm. Nutrients 2022; 14:3884. [PMID: 36235537 PMCID: PMC9572680 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Albeit the main focus remains largely on mothers, in recent years Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) scientists, including epigeneticists, have started to examine how a father's environment affects disease risk in children and argued that more attention needs to be given to father's health-related behaviors for their influence on offspring at preconception (i.e., sperm health) as well as paternal lifestyle influences over the first 1000 days. This research ushers in a new paternal origins of health and disease (POHaD) paradigm and is considered a welcome equalization to the overemphasis on maternal influences. Epigeneticists are excited by the possibilities of the POHaD paradigm but are also cautious about how to interpret data and avoid biased impression of socio-biological reality. (2) Methods: We review sociological and historical literatures on the intersection of gender, food and diet across different social and historical contexts to enrich our understanding of the father; (3) Results: Sociological and historical research on family food practices and diet show that there are no "fathers" in the abstract or vacuum, but they are differently classed, racialized and exist in socially stratified situations where choices may be constrained or unavailable. This confirms that epigeneticists researching POHaD need to be cautious in interpreting paternal and maternal dietary influences on offspring health; (4) Conclusions: We suggest that interdisciplinary approach to this new paradigm, which draws on sociology, history and public health, can help provide the social and historical context for interpreting and critically understanding paternal lifestyles and influences on offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mayes
- Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Geelong 3216, Australia
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Johnson CM, Allicock MA, Sharkey JR, Umstattd Meyer MR, Gómez L, Prochnow T, Laviolette C, Beltrán E, Garza LM. Promotoras de Salud in a Father-Focused Nutrition and Physical Activity Program for Border Communities: Approaches and Lessons Learned from Collaboration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11660. [PMID: 36141933 PMCID: PMC9517298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Promotoras de salud (promotoras) have been a valuable part of community research for Latino families, such as in the recruitment or delivery of health promotion programs. However, there has been limited discussion of how to integrate a promotora model into a father-focused program to support nutrition and physical activity within Latino families. This manuscript's purpose is to describe how to engage and collaborate with promotoras in a father-focused, family-centered program for Latino families living in colonias near the U.S.-Mexico border. As part of a longstanding community-academic partnership, the authors outline approaches and lessons learned from collaboration with promotoras during the design (including formative work and training), implementation, and evaluation of a behavioral program-¡Haz Espacio para Papi! (HEPP, Make Room for Daddy!). Promotoras' contributions supported the entire program, from design through evaluation. The team of all-female promotoras created a balance between the needs and preferences of the community and the goals and requirements of the research. While there is considerable time and human capital required for collaboration, the mutual benefits can make this work meaningful to all involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M. Johnson
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Marlyn A. Allicock
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health-Dallas Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
| | - Joseph R. Sharkey
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Luis Gómez
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Chelsey Laviolette
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Elva Beltrán
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Luz M. Garza
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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29
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Jansen E, Smith K, Thapaliya G, Sadler J, Aghababian A, Carnell S. Associations of mothers' and fathers' structure-related food parenting practices and child food approach eating behaviors during the COVID pandemic. Physiol Behav 2022; 252:113837. [PMID: 35513084 PMCID: PMC9059343 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, many mothers and fathers have spent more time at home with their children, warranting consideration of parenting practices around food during the pandemic as influences on obesogenic eating behaviors among children. Structure-related feeding practices, particularly around snacking, may be particularly challenging yet influential in the pandemic setting. Parent sex and levels of feeding-related co-operation among parents (co-feeding) are understudied potential influences on parent-child feeding relationships. METHODS We investigated relationships between structure-related parent feeding and child food approach behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, while considering potential moderating influences of parent sex and co-feeding levels. An online survey was completed by 318 parents (206 mothers and 112 fathers) of 2-12-year-olds who were living in states with statewide or regional lockdowns in May/June 2020 within the US. Mothers and fathers were drawn from different families, with each survey corresponding to a unique parent-child dyad. Parental stress/mental health, co-feeding (Feeding Coparenting Scale), structure-related food and snack parenting (Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire and Parenting around SNAcking Questionnaire), and child eating behaviors (Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) were assessed. Relationships of parents' structure-related food and snack parenting practices with their child's emotional overeating and food responsiveness behaviors were examined using structural equation modelling. Further, we investigated whether these relations were moderated by parent sex or level of co-feeding. RESULTS Parent sex differences were seen in parental stress, mental health, and co-feeding, but not in structure-related food and snack parenting or child food approach eating behaviors. Structure-related food parenting was negatively associated with emotional overeating. However, structure-related snack parenting was positively associated with emotional overeating and food responsiveness. While regression paths varied between mothers vs. fathers, as well as by co-feeding levels, neither parent sex nor co-feeding levels significantly moderated relationships between parent feeding and child eating variables. CONCLUSIONS Future studies of food and snack parenting and co-operation in relation to feeding among mothers and fathers within a familial unit may be critical to identify intervention strategies that draw on all family resources to better navigate future disruptive events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jansen
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kimberly Smith
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gita Thapaliya
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Sadler
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anahys Aghababian
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan Carnell
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Rojo M, Lacruz T, Solano S, Vivar M, Del Río A, Martínez J, Foguet S, Marín M, Moreno-Encinas A, Veiga ÓL, Cabanas V, Rey C, Graell M, Sepúlveda AR. ENTREN-F family-system based intervention for managing childhood obesity: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial at primary care. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:319-329. [PMID: 35871907 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric obesity is a primary public health concern, and designing effective programs for managing it is of the utmost importance. The objective of this study was to describe the protocol study of a three-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial aimed at assessing the efficacy of a family-system-based intervention ("ENTREN-F" program) for managing childhood obesity, compared to the "ENTREN" program (no "F" - without specific family-system-based workshop) and a control group (behavioral monitoring). METHODS/DESIGN The ENTREN-F program was a multicomponent family-system-based intervention carried out by a multidisciplinary team in the primary health care setting. The program targeted children between 8 and 12 years with overweight and obesity (P ≥ 85th). Parents were actively involved in the process. The contents were designed using the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) principles. The program comprised individual behavioral monitoring, a healthy habits workshop for children and their parents, a CBT workshop for children, and a family-system-based workshop for parents, enhancing parental management skills plus family functioning. The trial's primary outcomes included changes in child body mass index (BMI) z-scores, child's psychological well-being, and family functioning over six months. Secondary outcomes included changes in eating behavior, physical activity, self-esteem, parental distress, parental feeding practices, and parental modeling. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this is one of the few randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy of a multicomponent program that considers health from a comprehensive perspective, trying to improve children's psychological well-being and family functioning besides weight loss. This study, therefore, addresses a gap in the literature. If found to be efficacious, it suggests a new potential health service for translation into National Primary Health Care services in Spain, one of the ten countries with the highest prevalence of obesity in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rojo
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tatiana Lacruz
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Solano
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Vivar
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Del Río
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Jone Martínez
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Foguet
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Marín
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Moreno-Encinas
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Luis Veiga
- Department of Physical Education, Sport & Human Motricity, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Cabanas
- Department of Physical Education, Sport & Human Motricity, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo Rey
- Valdelasfuentes Primary Health Care Center (Alcobendas), Public Health System from Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Graell
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, University Hospital Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de SaludMental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rosa Sepúlveda
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology (Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.
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Derwig M, Tiberg I, Björk J, Kristensson Hallström I. Changes in perceived parental self-efficacy after a Child-Centred Health Dialogue about preventing obesity. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1956-1965. [PMID: 35702925 PMCID: PMC9543087 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aim This randomised controlled trial evaluated changes in parental self‐efficacy and children's weight, after a Child‐Centred Health Dialogue about preventing obesity. Methods We randomly assigned 37 Child Health Centres in Skåne county Sweden to provide usual care or the dialogue intervention. They included centres from high and low socioeconomic areas. The outcomes were changes in parental self‐efficacy and any moderating effect on their children's body mass index 1 year later. Results The baseline data were based on 1115 mothers and 869 fathers representing 1197 children (52% females) aged 4 years (3.9–4.2) with a standardised body mass index (zBMI) of 0.1 ± 0.9. The participation rates at follow‐up, 1.1 ± 0.2 years after the intervention were 817 mothers and 508 fathers. Overall, parental self‐efficacy had decreased by the 1‐year follow‐up. There was a significant intervention effect on maternal self‐efficacy in promoting physical activity, however with unclear clinical relevance. Mothers' change in perceived self‐efficacy in promoting a healthy diet seemed to moderate the intervention effect on zBMI change in children with zBMI > 0 with −0.01 (95% CI: −0.025 to −0.001; p = 0.03). Conclusion Our study suggested a possible link between increased maternal self‐efficacy in promoting a healthy diet and a favourable development of zBMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette Derwig
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Irén Tiberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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González-Mares MO, Aradillas-García C, Márquez-Mireles LE, Monsiváis-Nava CD, Bernal-Medina JE, Vargas-Morales JM, Portales-Pérez DP, Cubillas-Tejeda AC. Implementation and evaluation of an educational intervention to prevent risk factors for the development of non-communicable diseases in Mexican families of suburban communities. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2022; 92:102075. [PMID: 35349946 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCD), are not transmitted from person to person, are long-lasting and usually of slow evolution. Worldwide cause 71% deaths, in Mexico during 2016 were the cause of 80% of registered deaths; population in socioeconomic disadvantage is more vulnerable. It is urgent to develop strategies that can prevent NCD, thus, the objective of this study was to design, implement and evaluate an educational intervention strategy (EI), to prevent and control risk factors for the development NCD in families of two vulnerable communities. The research design was mixed, the stages were developed based on a risk communication (RC) model and was performed in three stages: 1) EI Design, 2) Implementation and 3) Evaluation of the intervention. In the contextualization, risk factors were found in the participants who were integrated in the design of the educational strategy. The EI implemented was effective in increasing knowledge about NCD and practice of healthy habits, such as increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the guidance of EI at the family level has the advantage of creating a support network for these changes. However, pending issues remain, such as the design of effective strategies to reduce the consumption of sugars and sugary drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Odemaris González-Mares
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Sciences, Environmental Agenda. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Celia Aradillas-García
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Applied Research in Environment and Health. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona #550, Col. Lomas 2a. Sección, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Ernesto Márquez-Mireles
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Industrias 101-A Fracc. Talleres, 78399 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Claudia Davinia Monsiváis-Nava
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Sciences, Environmental Agenda. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jesús Eduardo Bernal-Medina
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Sciences, Environmental Agenda. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Vargas-Morales
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Diana Patricia Portales-Pérez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ana Cristina Cubillas-Tejeda
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Silver SR, Whooten RC, Kwete GM, Farrar-Muir H, Cournoyer RN, Barth EA, Kotelchuck M, Taveras EM. Stakeholder engagement in developing a father-inclusive early life obesity prevention intervention: First Heroes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:443. [PMID: 35624421 PMCID: PMC9145160 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although paternal involvement in the perinatal period is associated with benefits for maternal-child health and reduced obesity risk, fathers are seldom included in perinatal or obesity prevention efforts. Engaging community leaders and fathers as stakeholders in intervention development is a critical step in designing a father-inclusive intervention that is efficacious and responsive to their needs. Methods We conducted a structured engagement study, including community stakeholder engagement and qualitative interviews with new fathers, to inform the development of a prospective randomized controlled trial that includes mothers and fathers as equal partners in infant obesity prevention. We interpreted stakeholder feedback through the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework. Results Between September 2019 and April 2020, we held a Community Engagement meeting, formed a Community Advisory Board, and conducted 16 qualitative interviews with new fathers. Stakeholder engagement revealed insights across CFIR domains including intervention characteristics (relative advantage, complexity, design quality & packaging), outer setting factors (cosmopolitanism and culture), individual characteristics (including self-efficacy, state of change, identification with the organization) and process (engagement and adaptation). Stakeholders discussed the diverse challenges and rewards of fatherhood, as well as the intrinsic paternal motivation to be a loving, supportive father and partner. Both community leaders and fathers emphasized the importance of tailoring program delivery and content to meet specific parental needs, including a focus on the social-emotional needs of new parents. Conclusions A structured process of multidimensional stakeholder engagement was successful in improving the design of a father-inclusive perinatal obesity prevention interventions. Father engagement was instrumental in both reinforcing community ties and increasing our understanding of fathers’ needs, resulting in improvements to program values, delivery strategies, personnel, and content. This study provides a practical approach for investigators looking to involve key stakeholders in the pre-implementation phase of intervention development. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04477577. Registered 20 July 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04759-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santana R Silver
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel C Whooten
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Gracia M Kwete
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Haley Farrar-Muir
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rachel N Cournoyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Barth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Milton Kotelchuck
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Elsie M Taveras
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua St, Suite 860, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Kraft Center for Community Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Díaz EN, Le Q, Campos D, Reyes JM, Wright JA, Greaney ML, Lindsay AC. Central American Parents' Preferences for Content and Modality for a Family-Centered Intervention to Promote Healthful Energy Balance-Related Behaviors of Their Preschool-Age Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5080. [PMID: 35564475 PMCID: PMC9101972 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This formative research used a cross-sectional survey to assess interest in informational content and intervention modalities for the design of an early childhood obesity prevention intervention for Central American families from the Northern Triangle countries (El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras) living in the United States. A total of 74 parents (36 mothers, 38 fathers) with a mean age of 31.6 years (SD = 5.6) completed the survey; 59.5% of whom were born outside of the United States. Although most parents reported being very interested in receiving information related to the seven assessed energy balance-related behaviors, there were significant differences by parents' gender and nativity. Most parents endorsed remote modalities for content delivery via text/SMS, WhatsApp, and e-mail. However, respondents were also receptive to in-person delivery provided by community health workers. There were also significant differences in parents' preferences for intervention modalities by parents' gender and nativity. Future steps should include investigating different intervention modalities and their integration into a linguistic and culturally sensitive family-based intervention to promote healthful energy balance-related behaviors of preschool-age children in Central American families originating from the Northern Triangle countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N. Díaz
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (E.N.D.); (D.C.); (J.M.R.); (J.A.W.)
| | - Qun Le
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - Daniel Campos
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (E.N.D.); (D.C.); (J.M.R.); (J.A.W.)
| | - Jesnny M. Reyes
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (E.N.D.); (D.C.); (J.M.R.); (J.A.W.)
| | - Julie A. Wright
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (E.N.D.); (D.C.); (J.M.R.); (J.A.W.)
| | - Mary L. Greaney
- Department of Health Studies, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Ana Cristina Lindsay
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (E.N.D.); (D.C.); (J.M.R.); (J.A.W.)
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Lindsay AC, Caires T, Le Q, Nogueira DL, Tavares Machado MM, Greaney ML. Where Do Brazilian Immigrant Parents Obtain Information to Support the Healthful Energy Balance-related Behaviors of Their Preschool-age Children?: A Cross-sectional Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2021.2001775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qun Le
- Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey
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Johnson CM, Sharkey JR, Umstattd Meyer MR, Gómez L, Allicock MA, Prochnow T, Beltrán E, Martinez L. Designing for Multilevel Behavior Change: A Father-Focused Nutrition and Physical Activity Program for Mexican-Heritage Families in South Texas Border Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910117. [PMID: 34639420 PMCID: PMC8508574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fathers significantly influence family functioning, as coparents and partners, and must be part of family-based approaches to behavioral health interventions or programs. But little is known regarding how to support Latino fathers in health promotion within their family systems, specifically for Latino families living in border communities. Program development was embedded in a larger community-based grant and part of a longstanding academic-community collaboration. An interdisciplinary research team applied theories related to health behavior, family systems, behavior change, and community engagement to develop a father-focused and family-centered behavioral program for Mexican-heritage fathers and children living near the Texas-Mexico border to support changes in nutrition and physical activity at the individual and family levels. Promotoras de salud (trained community health workers) delivered the program through group sessions, check-in calls, and at-home activities. Group session activities were designed to engage family triads and dyads using experiential education related to nutrition and physical activity, like cooking lessons and active play, over a six-week period. Future research can use the program approach and curricula as a roadmap for designing context-specific and culturally-relevant programs for Latino families. Additional research is needed to explore how approaches like this can support families and their health goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M. Johnson
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(512)-245-9196
| | - Joseph R. Sharkey
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.R.S.); (L.G.); (E.B.); (L.M.)
| | - M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
| | - Luis Gómez
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.R.S.); (L.G.); (E.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Marlyn A. Allicock
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Houston School of Public Health-Dallas Regional Campus, Dallas, TX 75207, USA;
| | - Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Elva Beltrán
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.R.S.); (L.G.); (E.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Luz Martinez
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.R.S.); (L.G.); (E.B.); (L.M.)
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Ashton LM, Morgan PJ, Grounds JA, Young MD, Rayward AT, Barnes AT, Pollock ER, Kennedy SL, Saunders KL, Collins CE. Dietary Outcomes of the 'Healthy Youngsters, Healthy Dads' Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:3306. [PMID: 34684307 PMCID: PMC8541030 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The effect of fathers on dietary intake in preschool-aged children is under-explored. The aims were to: (i) evaluate the efficacy of a family-based lifestyle intervention, Healthy Youngsters, Healthy Dads, on change in dietary intake in fathers and their preschool-aged children post-intervention (10 weeks) and at 9 months follow-up compared to a waitlist control group and (ii) investigate associations in father-child dietary intakes. (2) Methods: Linear mixed models estimated group-by-time effects for all dietary outcomes, measured by food frequency questionnaires. Cohen's d determined effect sizes, while correlation tests determined associations in father-child dietary intakes. (3) Results: For children, medium group-by-time effects sizes were identified at 10 weeks for sodium intake (d = 0.38) and percentage energy from core foods (d = 0.43), energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) foods (d = 0.43) and prepacked snacks (d = 0.45). These findings were sustained at 9 months follow-up. For fathers, medium to large, group-by-time effect sizes were identified at 10 weeks for energy intake (d = 0.55), sodium intake (d = 0.64) and percentage energy from core foods (d = 0.49), EDNP foods (d = 0.49), and confectionary (d = 0.36). For all of these dietary variables, except sodium, effects were sustained at 9 months. Moderate to strong associations existed in father-child dietary intakes for some of the dietary variables. (4) Conclusions: Although further research is required, this study provides preliminary support for targeting fathers as agents of change to improve dietary intakes in their preschool-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee M. Ashton
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (L.M.A.); (C.E.C.)
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jacqueline A. Grounds
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Myles D. Young
- School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Anna T. Rayward
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Alyce T. Barnes
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Emma R. Pollock
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Stevie-Lee Kennedy
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Kristen L. Saunders
- School of Education, College of Human and Social Futures, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.A.G.); (A.T.R.); (A.T.B.); (E.R.P.); (S.-L.K.); (K.L.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (L.M.A.); (C.E.C.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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Quinn M, Herty L, Weeks HM, Kwan J, Haines J, Bauer KW. Low-income mothers' perspectives on the involvement of family members in child feeding. Appetite 2021; 168:105683. [PMID: 34496273 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nearly all research on child feeding has focused on mothers. Very little is known about other family members' roles in feeding children nor how mothers engage with these family members regarding child feeding. The objective of this study was to examine mothers' perceptions of other family members' child feeding roles and practices within low-income families, including the challenges experienced and strategies employed by mothers when sharing responsibility for child feeding. Low-income mothers (n = 100) of pre-adolescent children participated in semi-structured interviews regarding child feeding including shared responsibility for child feeding. A content analysis was then conducted to identify main themes in mothers' responses, with three main themes arising from the interviews. First, many family members were actively involved in child feeding and food-related decision-making. The majority of mothers (85%) reported that another family member was involved in feeding their child including fathers and father figures, who were involved in feeding in 63% of families. Other family members, mainly grandparents, were involved in feeding in 35% of families. Mothers identified several concerns regarding their child's eating when with other family members, particularly when grandparents fed children. Finally, mothers employed several strategies to control their children's eating when children were cared for by other family members. Future interventions to promote healthy child feeding among low-income families may benefit from helping mothers negotiate child feeding with other family members, particularly grandparents, and supporting family members' engagement in child feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Quinn
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Lauren Herty
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heidi M Weeks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Janice Kwan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine W Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Johnson CM, Sharkey JR, Gómez L. Latino Fathers as Catalistas (Agents of Change): Strategies to Support Latino Fathers in Childhood Obesity Prevention. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:540-545. [PMID: 33674235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Latino children are disproportionately affected by childhood obesity. Prior research has encouraged father engagement to bolster prevention efforts and outlined general strategies for father recruitment, engagement, and retention. However, behavioral nutrition or education programs with a focus on Latino fathers are lacking, which means there is little guidance for working with Latino fathers in motivation and maintenance. This perspective highlights strategies for supporting dietary and activity behaviors with Latino fathers. Researchers can apply strategies to observational studies or program development and implementation, and practitioners can use strategies to tailor education and counseling with Latino fathers as part of obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M Johnson
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX.
| | - Joseph R Sharkey
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Luis Gómez
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Carroll N, Sadowski A, Parizeau K, von Massow M, Wallace A, Jewell K, Ma DWL, Buchholz AC, Duncan AM, Chan B, Haines J. Food Skills: Associations With Diet Quality and Food Waste Among Canadian Parents. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:371-379. [PMID: 33526389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between self-reported food skills and diet quality along with measured food waste among a sample of Canadian parents. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from surveys to assess food skills, 3-day food records to assess the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and food waste measured by household waste audits. SETTING Guelph-Wellington, Ontario. PARTICIPANTS Parents (n = 130) with children aged 2-8 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES HEI-2015 scores, daily per capita avoidable and unavoidable food waste (grams). ANALYSIS Linear regression using generalized estimating equations to determine unstandardized β estimates of associations between food skills and dependent variables. Models were adjusted for multiple testing, gender, and level of education. RESULTS Food safety knowledge for cooking hot foods (β = 4.3, P = 0.05), planning (β = 4.5, P = 0.001), and conceptualizing food (β = 4.0, P = 0.03) were positively associated with HEI-2015 scores. Knowledge related to best before dates (β = 25.3, P = 0.05; β = 12.1, P = 0.04), conceptualizing food (β = 34.1, P = 0.01; β = 13.8, P = 0.02), and mechanical techniques (β = 39.2, P = 0.01; β = 20.5, P = 0.004) were associated with more avoidable and unavoidable food waste, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Addressing higher-level food skills with a focus on efficient food preparation practices that make use of all edible portions of foods could play an important role in minimizing food waste and improving diet quality. Additional research in other countries and in a larger, more socioeconomically diverse sample is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Carroll
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Sadowski
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Parizeau
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael von Massow
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela Wallace
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kira Jewell
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea C Buchholz
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison M Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brianne Chan
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Hruska V, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Duncan AM, Haines J, Ma DWL. Associations between Family-Based Stress and Dietary Inflammatory Potential among Families with Preschool-Aged Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051464. [PMID: 33925798 PMCID: PMC8145143 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is known to influence dietary choices, and stressed families often report poorer diet quality; however, little is known about how family-based stress is linked with dietary patterns that promote inflammation. This study investigated associations between family-based stress and the inflammatory potential of the diet among preschool-aged children and their parents. Parents (n = 212 mothers, n = 146 fathers) and children (n = 130 girls, n = 123 boys; aged 18 months to 5 years) from 241 families participating in the Guelph Family Health Study were included in the analyses. Parents reported levels of parenting distress, depressive symptoms, household chaos, and family functioning. The inflammatory potential of parents' and children's diets was quantified using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), adjusted for total energy intake (i.e., the E-DIITM). E-DII scores were regressed onto family stress using generalized estimating equations to account for shared variance among family clusters. Compared to those in homes with low chaos, parents in chaotic homes had significantly more proinflammatory dietary profiles (β = 0.973; 95% CI: 0.321, 1.624, p = 0.003). Similarly, compared to those in well-functioning families, parents in dysfunctional families had significantly more proinflammatory dietary profiles (β = 0.967; 95% CI: 0.173, 1.761, p = 0.02). No significant associations were found between parents' E-DII scores and parenting distress or depressive symptoms, nor were any associations found for children's E-DII scores. Results were not found to differ between males and females. Parents in chaotic or dysfunctional family environments may be at increased risk of chronic disease due to proinflammatory dietary profiles. Children's dietary inflammatory profiles were not directly associated with family stress; however, indirect connections through family food-related behaviours may exist. Future research should prioritize elucidating these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Hruska
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Alison M Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Perez O, Beltran A, Isbell T, Galdamez-Calderon E, Baranowski T, Morgan PJ, O'Connor TM. Papás Saludables, Niños Saludables: Perspectives From Hispanic Parents and Children in a Culturally Adapted Father-Focused Obesity Program. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:246-253. [PMID: 33358181 PMCID: PMC7954849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Qualitatively assess culturally adapted lifestyle intervention, Papás Saludables, Niños Saludables (PSNS; Healthy Dads, Healthy Kids), for Hispanic fathers and children. METHODS Semistructured interviews of parents and children after participation in 10-week PSNS program for Hispanic fathers and children. Qualitative data double-coded inductively and deductively until consensus reached. RESULTS Total of 26 fathers, 26 mothers, and 45 children interviewed. Parents and children had positive feedback about program content on culturally relevant nutrition and physical activity and reported improved father-child bonding. Mothers noted increased involvement among fathers in child's well-being. Participants suggested lengthening the program. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Papás Saludables, Niños Saludables is an innovative approach with promise in engaging Hispanic fathers and children in a lifestyle program that emphasizes the role of fathers in children's lifestyle behaviors. Familism, respeto (respect), and promoting father-child relationships were important to engage fathers. Results from this study will inform future trials of PSNS and help identify ways to increase engagement of Hispanic men in other programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Alicia Beltran
- Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tasia Isbell
- School of Public Health and McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Edgar Galdamez-Calderon
- Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tom Baranowski
- Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, and Academic General Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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Sobko T, Brown GTL, Cheng WHG. Does connectedness to nature improve the eating behaviours of pre-schoolers? Emerging evidence from the Play&Grow randomised controlled trial in Hong Kong. Appetite 2020; 154:104781. [PMID: 32615145 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nature-based interventions, which focus on outdoor play, mental health, and self-directed autonomous play, are becoming popular in promoting well-being. The objective of this study was to test whether connecting to nature would contribute to better feeding and eating habits in families with pre-schoolers. METHODS 241 families with children aged two to five were randomly assigned to the Intervention (IG) and Control Groups (CG). IG received 10 sessions of a family-based programme, which included a novel Connectedness to Nature (CN) element. CG received only the government's health recommendations. The effectiveness of the intervention's primary outcomes (CN, eating/feeding behaviours) was analysed by a repeated measures structural equation model with intervention status as a causal predictor. RESULTS 204 families (IG, n = 120; CG, n = 84) completed the measurements before and after the trial. The intervention had a medium effect on caregivers' CN (f2 = 0.16, (95%CI = 0.06, 0.30)) and a large effect on children's CN (f2 = 0.58, (95%CI = 0.36, 0.89)). In the IG, children's CN strongly predicted caregivers' feeding style (β = 0.48 (p < .01, 95%CI = 0.14, 0.83)) and moderately, children's eating behaviours (β = 0.21 (p = .16, 95%CI = -0.09, 0.52)). This produced a positive trend for greater vegetable consumption in the IG compared to the CG (β = 0.20 (95%CI = 0.01, 0.39) vs. β = -0.05, (95%CI = -0.18, 0.08)). Interestingly, the path values in the CG significantly reflected the traditional pattern, (e.g., parental feeding style strongly influenced children's eating behaviour (β = 0.33, p = .001, 95%CI = 0.13, 0.54). CONCLUSIONS The Play&Grow intervention positively increased caregivers' and children's CN. It also improved eating behaviors in children independent of their caregivers' feeding style. This may indicate a higher degree of autonomy in children's eating behaviour if they are exposed to nature. Further research should test the CN component in promotion of healthy eating in pre-schoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Sobko
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Gavin T L Brown
- Quantitative Data Analysis and Research Unit, Faculty of Education & Social Work, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Will H G Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Paternal Education and Infant Health: Variation by Race/Ethnicity. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:1406-1414. [PMID: 33098039 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the USA, efforts to improve unequal infant health outcomes require knowledge about how the relationship between education and infant health varies by parental gender and race/ethnicity. Drawing from a pooled random sample of over 1 million live births from the 2011 to 2017 National Vital Statistics System data, we examine the relationship between maternal and paternal education and infant health and assess how it varies by maternal racial and ethnic background. The model fit statistics suggest that the relationship between paternal education and infant health is about equal to maternal education and infant health. However, we find a weaker relationship overall between parental education and infant health among Asian and Hispanic fathers than Whites, American Indian, and Black fathers. Black fathers' education is more strongly associated with infant health than that of Black mothers. At some levels, paternal education is also more strongly related to health among Hispanic infants. The results suggest a greater focus on fathers' contributions to infant health is warranted, and programs or policies that focus on fathers could help address racial and ethnic infant health disparities.
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45
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Schoeppe S, Salmon J, Williams SL, Power D, Alley S, Rebar AL, Hayman M, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C. Effects of an Activity Tracker and App Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Whole Families-The Step It Up Family Feasibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7655. [PMID: 33092219 PMCID: PMC7588994 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Interventions using activity trackers and smartphone apps have demonstrated their ability to increase physical activity in children and adults. However, they have not been tested in whole families. Further, few family-centered interventions have actively involved both parents and assessed physical activity effects separately for children, mothers and fathers. Objective: To examine the feasibility and short-term effects of an activity tracker and app intervention to increase physical activity in the whole family (children, mothers and fathers). (2) Methods: This was a single-arm feasibility study with pre-post intervention measures. Between 2017-2018, 40 families (58 children aged 6-10 years, 39 mothers, 33 fathers) participated in the 6-week Step it Up Family program in Queensland, Australia. Using commercial activity trackers combined with apps (Garmin Vivofit Jr for children, Vivofit 3 for adults; Garmin Australasia Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia), the intervention included individual and family-level goal-setting, self-monitoring, performance feedback, family step challenges, family social support and modelling, weekly motivational text messages and an introductory session. Parent surveys were used to assess physical activity effects measured as pre-post intervention changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children, mothers and fathers. Objective Garmin activity tracker data was recorded to assess physical activity levels (steps, active minutes) during the intervention. (3) Results: Thirty-eight families completed the post intervention survey (95% retention). At post intervention, MVPA had increased in children by 58 min/day (boys: 54 min/day, girls: 62 min/day; all p < 0.001). In mothers, MVPA increased by 27 min/day (p < 0.001) and in fathers, it increased by 31 min/day (p < 0.001). The percentage of children meeting Australia's physical activity guidelines for children (≥60 MVPA min/day) increased from 34% to 89% (p < 0.001). The percentage of mothers and fathers meeting Australia's physical activity guidelines for adults (≥150 MVPA min/week) increased from 8% to 57% (p < 0.001) in mothers and from 21% to 68% (p < 0.001) in fathers. The percentage of families with 'at least one child and both parents' meeting the physical activity guidelines increased from 0% to 41% (p < 0.001). Objective activity tracker data recorded during the intervention showed that the mean (SD) number of active minutes per day in children was 82.1 (17.1). Further, the mean (SD) steps per day was 9590.7 (2425.3) in children, 7397.5 (1954.2) in mothers and 8161.7 (3370.3) in fathers. (4) Conclusions: Acknowledging the uncontrolled study design, the large pre-post changes in MVPA and rather high step counts recorded during the intervention suggest that an activity tracker and app intervention can increase physical activity in whole families. The Step it Up Family program warrants further efficacy testing in a larger, randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schoeppe
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Jo Salmon
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC 3125, Australia;
| | - Susan L. Williams
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Deborah Power
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Stephanie Alley
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Amanda L. Rebar
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Melanie Hayman
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
| | - Mitch J. Duncan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Building 77, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (S.L.W.); (D.P.); (S.A.); (A.L.R.); (M.H.); (C.V.)
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Davison KK, Haines J, Garcia EA, Douglas S, McBride B. Fathers' food parenting: A scoping review of the literature from 1990 to 2019. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12654. [PMID: 32415676 PMCID: PMC8010159 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While food parenting is a robust area of inquiry, studies have largely focused on mothers. Given the diversity of family structures today and increases in fathers' engagement in caregiving, fathers' food parenting warrants attention. OBJECTIVE We present a scoping review of research on fathers' food parenting (1990-2019). Eligible studies included peer-reviewed research published in English documenting fathers' food parenting and presenting results for fathers separate from mothers. RESULTS Seventy-seven eligible studies were identified. Most studies were based in the U.S (63.6%) and utilized a cross-sectional design (93.5%). Approximately half of studies used a validated measure of food parenting (54.5%) and slightly less than 30% utilized theory (28.6%). Many studies did not report information on fathers' residential status (37.7%) or their relationship to the target child (biological vs social) (63.6%). Content analysis of study findings showed that: fathers are involved in food parenting, but at lower levels than mothers; there are few consistent mother-father differences in food parenting practices; and fathers' controlling food parenting is linked with negative nutrition outcomes in children while responsive food parenting is linked with positive child outcomes. CONCLUSION To better inform family interventions to prevent childhood obesity, future food parenting research with fathers should recognize the diversity of family structures and utilize prospective, theory-based, designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten K Davison
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evelin A Garcia
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sabrina Douglas
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brent McBride
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
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47
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Karmali S, Battram DS, Burke SM, Cramp A, Johnson AM, Mantler T, Morrow D, Ng V, Pearson ES, Petrella RJ, Tucker P, Irwin JD. Perspectives and Impact of a Parent-Child Intervention on Dietary Intake and Physical Activity Behaviours, Parental Motivation, and Parental Body Composition: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6822. [PMID: 32962031 PMCID: PMC7560045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Adults and children in Canada are not meeting physical activity guidelines nor consuming sufficient nutrient-rich foods. High engagement in these unhealthy behaviours can lead to obesity and its associated diseases. Parent-child interventions aimed at obesity prevention/treatment have assisted families with making positive changes to their nutrition and physical activity behaviours. Given that the home environment shapes early health behaviours, it is important to target both parents and children when addressing diet and physical activity. One method that has been shown to improve health outcomes is co-active coaching. The current study explored the impact of a three-month co-active coaching and/or health education intervention on the dietary intake and physical activity behaviours of parents with overweight/obesity and their children (ages 2.5-10; of any weight). Body composition (i.e., body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference), changes in parental motivation with respect to physical activity and dietary behaviours, and parental perceptions of program improvements were collected. A concurrent mixed methods study comprised of a randomized controlled trial and a descriptive qualitative design was utilized. Fifty parent-child dyads were recruited and randomly assigned to the control (n = 25) or intervention (n = 25) group. Assessments were completed at baseline, mid-intervention (six weeks), post-intervention (three months), and six-month follow-up. A linear mixed effects model was utilized for quantitative analysis. Inductive content analysis was used to extract themes from parent interviews. No significant results were observed over time for the dependent measures. Parents in both control and intervention groups reported varied program experiences, including developing changes in perspective, increased awareness of habits, and heightened accountability for making positive changes in themselves, and consequently, their families. Parents also shared barriers they faced when implementing changes (e.g., time, weather, stress). Qualitatively, both groups reported benefitting from this program, with the intervention group describing salient benefits from engaging in coaching. This research expands on the utility of coaching as a method for behaviour change, when compared to education only, in parents with overweight/obesity and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazya Karmali
- Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.K.); (A.M.J.); (D.M.)
| | - Danielle S. Battram
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Western University, Brescia University College, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada;
| | - Shauna M. Burke
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.M.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Anita Cramp
- Middlesex London Health Unit, London, ON N6A 3N7, Canada;
| | - Andrew M. Johnson
- Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.K.); (A.M.J.); (D.M.)
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.M.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Tara Mantler
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.M.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Don Morrow
- Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.K.); (A.M.J.); (D.M.)
| | - Victor Ng
- Department of Programs and Practice Support, College of Family Physicians of Canada, Mississauga, ON L4W 5A4, Canada;
| | - Erin S. Pearson
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
| | - Robert J. Petrella
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
| | - Jennifer D. Irwin
- Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.K.); (A.M.J.); (D.M.)
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (S.M.B.); (T.M.)
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Sato R, Fujiwara T, Kino S, Kawachi I. The association between father involvement in caregiving and early childhood overweight or obesity. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12652. [PMID: 32358873 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the increasing trend of paternal engagement in caregiving, fathers remain underrepresented in studies on parenting and childhood obesity. OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between father involvement in caregiving and child's weight status within a longitudinal dataset from Japan. METHODS The data were obtained from a population-based cohort study in Japan (N = 29 584). The association between father's involvement in child caregiving (age 18 months) on the weight status of the same children at age 3.5 years was examined by logistic regression and linear regression analysis. Furthermore, we checked the interaction between maternal employment & father involvement by creating four mutually exclusive groups of families. RESULTS Children whose fathers were highly involved in caregiving were less likely to be overweight (OR = 0.90, 95% CI, 0.85-0.96). Employed mothers with high paternal involvement in caregiving were 30% less likely to have children with overweight or obesity compared to those with low paternal involvement (95% CI, 0.55-0.90). CONCLUSIONS Father involvement in caregiving is associated with the development of overweight or obesity in early childhood, and may also modify the association between maternal employment and child's weight status. Social policies to support shared child-rearing such as expanding paid parental leave could help families to raise children with healthy weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikako Sato
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kino
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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49
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O'Connor TM, Beltran A, Musaad S, Perez O, Flores A, Galdamez-Calderon E, Isbell T, Arredondo EM, Parra Cardona R, Cabrera N, Marton SA, Baranowski T, Morgan PJ. Feasibility of Targeting Hispanic Fathers and Children in an Obesity Intervention: Papás Saludables Niños Saludables. Child Obes 2020; 16:379-392. [PMID: 32466678 PMCID: PMC7475092 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2020.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hispanic children and men carry a high burden for obesity and associated medical conditions. Healthy Dads Healthy Kids was the first obesity prevention intervention targeting fathers and demonstrated weight loss among fathers and behavior change among fathers and children in Australia. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a culturally adapted version of the program for Hispanic families, Papás Saludables Niños Saludables. Methods: A randomized waitlist controlled trial with a process evaluation was conducted to assess the feasibility of Papás Saludables Niños Saludables(NCT03532048). Fathers, their partner (mother), and one to three children were enrolled. A priori feasibility criteria were: (1) recruit 40 Hispanic fathers and their families in ≤4 months; (2) retain 80% of participants for pre- and postassessments; (3) maintain ≥70% attendance to the 10 sessions; (4) obtain 80% "excellent" or "good" satisfaction from participants; and (5) collect anthropometric and behavioral data on ≥75% of participants at baseline and follow-up. Results: The study enrolled 90% (n = 36) of the goal from one local pediatric clinic between May and August 2018; retained 75% of participants for postassessment; maintained 72% attendance among those who started the program; and achieved 100% "excellent/good" satisfaction ratings among the participating fathers and mothers. One hundred percent of participants had most anthropometric and behavioral data at baseline and 72% at follow-up. Conclusions: With oversampling and improvements in the recruitment strategies, Papás Saludables Niños Saludables is feasible for a randomized controlled clinical trial to address whether a father-targeted lifestyle program is efficacious among low-income Hispanic men and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia M. O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Address correspondence to: Teresia M. O'Connor, MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alicia Beltran
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Salma Musaad
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oriana Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adriana Flores
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edgar Galdamez-Calderon
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tasia Isbell
- School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elva M. Arredondo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ruben Parra Cardona
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Natasha Cabrera
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Marton
- Texas Children's Health Plan, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tom Baranowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Faculty of Education and Arts, Priority Research Center for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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50
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López-Contreras IN, Vilchis-Gil J, Klünder-Klünder M, Villalpando-Carrión S, Flores-Huerta S. Dietary habits and metabolic response improve in obese children whose mothers received an intervention to promote healthy eating: randomized clinical trial. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1240. [PMID: 32795294 PMCID: PMC7427732 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyles habits such as eating unhealthy foodscommence at home and are associated with the development of obesity and comorbidities such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and chronic degenerative diseases, which are the main causes of death in adults. The present study compared changes in dietary habits, behaviors and metabolic profiles of obese children whose mothers attended at the hospital to group sessions, with those who received the usual nutritional consultation. METHODS Randomized clinical trial, 177 mother/obese child pairs participated, 90 in the intervention group and 87 in the control group. The intervention group attended six group education sessions to promote healthy eating, being this an alternative of change of habits in children with obesity. The control group received the usual nutritional consultation; both groups were followed up for 3 months. Frequency of food consumption, behaviors during feeding in the house and metabolic profile was evaluated. Mixed effect linear regression models were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention on the variables of interest, especially in HOMA-IR. RESULTS The intervention group reduced the filling of their dishes (p = 0.009), forcing the children to finish meals (p = 0.003) and food substitution (p < 0.001), moreover increased the consumption of roasted foods (p = 0.046), fruits (p = 0.002) and vegetables (p < 0.001). The children in the control group slightly increased HOMA-IR levels (0.51; 95% CI - 0.48 to 1.50), while the children in the intervention group significantly decreased (- 1.22; 95% CI - 2.28 to - 1.16). The difference in HOMA-IR between the control and intervention group at the end of the follow-up was - 1.67; 95% CI: - 3.11 to - 0.24. CONCLUSIONS The educational intervention improved some eating habits at home, as well as HOMA-IR levels; why we consider that it can be an extra resource in the management of childhood obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04374292 (Date assigned: May 5, 2020). Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Nallely López-Contreras
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ministry of Health (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jenny Vilchis-Gil
- Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Ministry of Health (SSA), Dr. Márquez No 162, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico.,Medicine Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Deputy Director of Research, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ministry of Health (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico.,Research Committee, Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Salvador Villalpando-Carrión
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ministry of Health (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samuel Flores-Huerta
- Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez, Ministry of Health (SSA), Dr. Márquez No 162, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico.
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