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El Sebai TN, Al-Ashkar NM, Ramadan AA, Abdallah MMS, El-Bassiouny HMS. Ameliorating the adverse effects of salinity on wheat plants using the bio-wastes (pomegranate peel extract and /or compost). BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275700. [PMID: 38126481 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate changes and the related rise in the frequency of excessive weather proceedings have a strong influence on the physical, chemical, and hydrological processes in soils. Recently the investigators confirmed that the use of biological treatments and resources to overcome abiotic stress is fruitful. Thus, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) because of its high efficacy and/or compost application could improve soil characteristics, soil organic matter and nutrient status. This effect may be referred back to the enhancement in the plant antioxidative defense system against stress conditions. This experiment was done to study the influence of spraying wheat plants with pomegranate peel extract (PPE) with and/or without soil compost added under salt stress on some growth parameters and physiological aspects. Wheat plants were grown in the presence or absence of compost in the soil and foliar sprayed with PPE (600 and 1200 mg L-1) under salt irrigation (3000 and 6000 mg L-1). Growth and yield traits were decreased with salinity stress. High levels of PPE (1200 mg L-1) induced the highest values of osmoprotectants (Total soluble sugars, total soluble protein, proline and free amino acids) in both unstressed or salinity-stressed plants presence or absence compost. Using compost in soil for cultivating wheat plants and PPE spraying treatments increased growth traits photosynthetic pigments and yield components. Moreover, these treatments increased the accumulation of minerals content (N, P, K and Ca) in plants. In general, the results of correlation coefficients showed a significant strong positive relationship among measured yield traits and other tested parameters. The correlation between 1000-grain Wt. and grain Wt./spike (r = 0.94**) was the highest. Meanwhile, a strong negative correlation coefficient between Na% and all yield parameters was recorded. Compost adding to soil and spraying pomegranate peel extract is a successful method for increasing wheat growth, yield and improving the nutritional value of the produced grains under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N El Sebai
- National Research Centre, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, Agricultural Microbiology Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - N M Al-Ashkar
- National Research Centre, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, Botany Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - A A Ramadan
- National Research Centre, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, Botany Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M M S Abdallah
- National Research Centre, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, Botany Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - H M S El-Bassiouny
- National Research Centre, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, Botany Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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2
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Tariq A, Zeng F, Graciano C, Ullah A, Sadia S, Ahmed Z, Murtaza G, Ismoilov K, Zhang Z. Regulation of Metabolites by Nutrients in Plants. PLANT IONOMICS 2023:1-18. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119803041.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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3
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Liu S, Fu L, Zhang C, Deng J, Xue W, Deng Y. Effects of Exogenous Chlorinated Amino Acetic Acid on Cadmium and Mineral Elements in Rice Seedlings. TOXICS 2023; 11:71. [PMID: 36668797 PMCID: PMC9860664 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effect of exogenous application of chlorinated amino acetic acid on cadmium (Cd) transport characteristics in rice seedlings, X24 and Z35 rice were taken as the research objects to carry out hydroponics experiments, and the changes of Cd content in rice seedlings, rice mineral elements and amino acid content in rice were analyzed. The results showed that exogenous application of 1.2 mmol·L-1 chlorinated amino acetic acid inhibited cadmium in shoots and roots of rice seedlings; Cd content in shoots and roots were reduced by up to 62.19% and 45.61%, respectively. The majority of cadmium was in the cell wall of shoots and roots; this decreased with the increase of the concentration of chlorinated acetic acid. In addition, the Mn content in shoots and Ca content in roots of rice seedlings increased significantly after the application of chlorinated amino acetic acid. The results of amino acid analysis showed that the contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and cystine in rice seedlings were increased. These results indicate that exogenous application of chlorinated amino acetic acid is beneficial to the synthesis of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and cysteine in rice seedlings, increases the content of Mn in shoots and Ca in roots of rice seedlings, and significantly alleviates cadmium stress in seedlings. This provides a theoretical basis for the development of an environmentally friendly Cd-lowering foliar fertilizer for rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Changbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jiawei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Weijie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yun Deng
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Kaur A, Sharma A, Dixit S, Singh K, Upadhyay SK. OSCA Genes in Bread Wheat: Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Interaction Analyses Indicated Their Diverse Roles during Development and Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314867. [PMID: 36499199 PMCID: PMC9737358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channels (OSCA) are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that function as osmosensors during various plant developmental processes and stress responses. In our analysis, through in silico approaches, a total of 42 OSCA genes are identified in the Triticum aestivum genome. A phylogenetic analysis reveals the close clustering of the OSCA proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and T. aestivum in all the clades, suggesting their origin before the divergence of dicots and monocots. Furthermore, evolutionary analyses suggest the role of segmental and tandem duplication events (Des) and purifying selection pressure in the expansion of the OSCA gene family in T. aestivum. Expression profiling in various tissue developmental stages and under abiotic and biotic stress treatments reveals the probable functioning of OSCA genes in plant development and the stress response in T. aestivum. In addition, protein-protein and protein-chemical interactions reveal that OSCA proteins might play a putative role in Ca2+-mediated developmental processes and adaptive responses. The miRNA interaction analysis strengthens the evidence for their functioning in various biological processes and stress-induced signaling cascades. The current study could provide a foundation for the functional characterization of TaOSCA genes in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sameer Dixit
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Kashmir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-172-2534001; Fax: +91-172-2779510
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Co-application of proline or calcium and humic acid enhances productivity of salt stressed pomegranate by improving nutritional status and osmoregulation mechanisms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14285. [PMID: 35995810 PMCID: PMC9395413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximizing food production through integrated management of vegetative and root growth is a major challenge to food security and sustainability in the face of population growth, salinity stress conditions and climatic changes specially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application with proline (Pro) at 5 mM, calcium (Ca) at 1.5% or control supplemented with soil application of humic acid (Hc) at 0, 15 g/tree on the nutrition status, osmoregulatory mechanisms and productivity of ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate trees growing under salt stress conditions. Soil and foliar treatments were applied three times: at flowering stage (April), 2 months after fruit set (June) and at fruit maturity (August). Individual application of either Hc or Pro or Ca alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress. Moreover, supplemented soil application of Hc with Pro or Ca as foliar application increased significantly leaf Pro, total carbohydrates, N, P, Ca and K contents, as well as K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. While it significantly decreased leaf Na and Cl concentration. Furthermore, supplemented application of Hc resulted in the highest decrease in leaf Na and Cl concentrations by 94.59%, 44.79% when combined with Pro and by 51.35%, 31.28%, when combined with Ca. In addition, Hc treatment led to the highest mean fruit yield by 139.56% and 90.73%, respectively as mean of both seasons for Pro and Ca treatments, respectively. The results suggest that, exogenous Pro and Ca supplemented with Hc can mitigate salt stress in ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate through enhancing osmoprotectants accumulaton.
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Karalija E, Selović A, Bešta-Gajević R, Šamec D. Thinking for the future: Phytoextraction of cadmium using primed plants for sustainable soil clean-up. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13739. [PMID: 35765975 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) soil contamination is a global problem for food security due to its ubiquity, toxicity at low levels, persistence, and bioaccumulation in living organisms. Humans' intake of heavy metals is usually due to direct contact with contaminated soil, through the food chain (Cd accumulation in crops and edible plants) or through drinking water in cases of coupled groundwater-surface water systems. Phytoextraction is one of the eco-friendly, sustainable solutions that can be used as a method for soil clean-up with the possibility of re-use of extracted metals through phytomining. Phytoextraction is often limited by the tolerance level of hyperaccumulating plants and the restriction of their growth. Mechanisms of hyperaccumulation of heavy metals in tolerant species have been studied, but there are almost no data on mechanisms of further improvement of the accumulation capacity of such plants. Priming can influence plant stress tolerance by the initiation of mild stress cues resulting in acclimation of the plant. The potential of plant priming in abiotic stress tolerance has been extensively investigated using different types of molecules that are supplemented exogenously to plant organs (roots, leaves, etc.), resulting in enhanced tolerance of abiotic stress. This review focuses on mechanisms of enhancement of plant stress tolerance in hyperaccumulating plants for their exploitation in phytoextraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Karalija
- Laboratory for Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alisa Selović
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Renata Bešta-Gajević
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department for Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dunja Šamec
- Department of Food Technology, University North, Koprivnica, Croatia
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Wang J, Fu X, Zhang S, Chen G, Li S, Shangguan T, Zheng Y, Xu F, Chen ZH, Xu S. Evolutionary and Regulatory Pattern Analysis of Soybean Ca 2+ ATPases for Abiotic Stress Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:898256. [PMID: 35665149 PMCID: PMC9161174 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.898256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
P2-type Ca2+ ATPases are responsible for cellular Ca2+ transport, which plays an important role in plant development and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of P2-type Ca2+ ATPases in stress response and stomatal regulation is still elusive in soybean. In this study, a total of 12 P2-type Ca2+ ATPases genes (GmACAs and GmECAs) were identified from the genome of Glycine max. We analyzed the evolutionary relationship, conserved motif, functional domain, gene structure and location, and promoter elements of the family. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis showed that vegetable soybean leaves are damaged to different extents under salt, drought, cold, and shade stresses. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis demonstrated that most of the GmACAs and GmECAs are up-regulated after drought, cold, and NaCl treatment, but are down-regulated after shading stress. Microscopic observation showed that different stresses caused significant stomatal closure. Spatial location and temporal expression analysis suggested that GmACA8, GmACA9, GmACA10, GmACA12, GmACA13, and GmACA11 might promote stomatal closure under drought, cold, and salt stress. GmECA1 might regulate stomatal closure in shading stress. GmACA1 and GmECA3 might have a negative function on cold stress. The results laid an important foundation for further study on the function of P2-type Ca2+ ATPase genes GmACAs and GmECAs for breeding abiotic stress-tolerant vegetable soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xujun Fu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Taizhou Seed Administration Station, Taizhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tengwei Shangguan
- College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanting Zheng
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Identification of the Wheat (Triticum aestivum) IQD Gene Family and an Expression Analysis of Candidate Genes Associated with Seed Dormancy and Germination. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084093. [PMID: 35456910 PMCID: PMC9025732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The IQ67 Domain (IQD) gene family plays important roles in plant developmental processes and stress responses. Although IQDs have been characterized in model plants, little is known about their functions in wheat (Triticum aestivum), especially their roles in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination. Here, we identified 73 members of the IQD gene family from the wheat genome and phylogenetically separated them into six major groups. Gene structure and conserved domain analyses suggested that most members of each group had similar structures. A chromosome positional analysis showed that TaIQDs were unevenly located on 18 wheat chromosomes. A synteny analysis indicated that segmental duplications played significant roles in TaIQD expansion, and that the IQD gene family underwent strong purifying selection during evolution. Furthermore, a large number of hormone, light, and abiotic stress response elements were discovered in the promoters of TaIQDs, implying their functional diversity. Microarray data for 50 TaIQDs showed different expression levels in 13 wheat tissues. Transcriptome data and a quantitative real-time PCR analysis of wheat varieties with contrasting seed dormancy and germination phenotypes further revealed that seven genes (TaIQD4/-28/-32/-58/-64/-69/-71) likely participated in seed dormancy and germination through the abscisic acid-signaling pathway. The study results provide valuable information for cloning and a functional investigation of candidate genes controlling wheat seed dormancy and germination; consequently, they increase our understanding of the complex regulatory networks affecting these two traits.
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Phytoremediation of Cadmium Polluted Soils: Current Status and Approaches for Enhancing. SOIL SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal present in atmosphere, rocks, sediments, and soils without a known role in plants. It is relatively mobile and can easily enter from soil into groundwater and contaminate the food chain. Its presence in food in excess amounts may cause severe conditions in humans, therefore prevention of cadmium entering the food chain and its removal from contaminated soils are important steps in preserving public health. In the last several years, several approaches for Cd remediation have been proposed, such as the use of soil amendments or biological systems for reduction of Cd contamination. One of the approaches is phytoremediation, which involves the use of plants for soil clean-up. In this review we summarized current data on the use of different plants in phytoremediation of Cd as well as information about different approaches which have been used to enhance phytoremediation. This includes data on the increasing metal bioavailability in the soil, plant biomass, and plant accumulation capacity as well as seed priming as a promising novel approach for phytoremediation enhancing.
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10
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Yu Q, Liu YL, Sun GZ, Liu YX, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Ma YZ, Xu ZS, Lan JH. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Soybean Calmodulin-Binding Protein 60 Family and Identification of GmCBP60A-1 Responses to Drought and Salt Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13501. [PMID: 34948302 PMCID: PMC8708795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-binding protein 60 (CBP60) members constitute a plant-specific protein family that plays an important role in plant growth and development. In the soybean genome, nineteen CBP60 members were identified and analyzed for their corresponding sequences and structures to explore their functions. Among GmCBP60A-1, which primarily locates in the cytomembrane, was significantly induced by drought and salt stresses. The overexpression of GmCBP60A-1 enhanced drought and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis, which showed better state in the germination of seeds and the root growth of seedlings. In the soybean hairy roots experiment, the overexpression of GmCBP60A-1 increased proline content, lowered water loss rate and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, all of which likely enhanced the drought and salt tolerance of soybean seedlings. Under stress conditions, drought and salt response-related genes showed significant differences in expression in hairy root soybean plants of GmCBP60A-1-overexpressing and hairy root soybean plants of RNAi. The present study identified GmCBP60A-1 as an important gene in response to salt and drought stresses based on the functional analysis of this gene and its potential underlying mechanisms in soybean stress-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.-X.L.)
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Ya-Li Liu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.-X.L.)
| | - Guo-Zhong Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Yuan-Xia Liu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.-X.L.)
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (G.-Z.S.); (J.C.); (Y.-B.Z.); (M.C.); (Y.-Z.M.)
| | - Jin-Hao Lan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.-X.L.)
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11
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Kaźmierczak A, Kunikowska A, Doniak M, Kornaś A. Mechanism of kinetin-induced death of Vicia faba ssp. minor root cortex cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23746. [PMID: 34887458 PMCID: PMC8660813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death (CD) may be induced by endogenous or exogenous factors and contributes to all the steps of plant development. This paper presents results related to the mechanism of CD regulation induced by kinetin (Kin) in the root cortex of Vicia faba ssp. minor. To explain the process, 6-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylamino)purine (PI-55), adenine (Ad), 5'-amine-5'-deoxyadenosine (Ado) and N-(2-chloro-4-piridylo)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU) were applied to (i) block cytokinin receptors (CKs) and inhibit the activities of enzymes of CK metabolism, i.e., (ii) phosphoribosyltransferase, (iii) kinases, and (iv) oxidases, respectively. Moreover, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), ruthenium red (RRed) and cyclosporine A (CS-A) were applied to (i) chelate extracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) as well as blocks of (ii) plasma-, (iii) endoplasmic reticulum- (ER) membrane Ca2+ ion channels and (iv) mitochondria- (MIT) Ca2+ ions release by permeability transition por (PTP), respectively. The measured physiological effectiveness of these factors was the number of living and dying cortex cells estimated with orange acridine (OA) and ethidium bromide (EB), the amounts of cytosolic Ca2+ ions with chlortetracycline (CTC) staining and the intensity of chromatin and Ca2+-CTC complex fluorescence, respectively. Moreover, the role of sorafenib, an inhibitor of RAF kinase, on the vitality of cortex cells and ethylene levels as well as the activities of RAF-like kinase and MEK2 with Syntide-2 and Mek2 as substrates were studied. The results clarified the previously presented suggestion that Kin is converted to appropriate ribotides (5'-monophosphate ribonucleotides), which cooperate with the ethylene and Ca2+ ion signalling pathways to transduce the signal of kinetin-programmed cell death (Kin-PCD). Based on the present and previously published results related to Kin-PCD, the crosstalk between ethylene and MAP kinase signalling, as well as inhibitors of CK receptors and enzymes of their metabolism, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kaźmierczak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anita Kunikowska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Doniak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kornaś
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
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12
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Positive Interaction between H 2O 2 and Ca 2+ Mediates Melatonin-Induced CBF Pathway and Cold Tolerance in Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091457. [PMID: 34573090 PMCID: PMC8471466 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is a major environmental factor that detrimentally affects plant growth and development. Melatonin has been shown to confer plant tolerance to cold stress through activating the C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) pathway; however, the underlying modes that enable this function remain obscure. In this study, we investigated the role of H2O2 and Ca2+ signaling in the melatonin-induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) through pharmacological, physiological, and genetic approaches. According to the results, melatonin induced H2O2 accumulation, which was associated with the upregulation of respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (ClRBOHD) during the early response to cold stress in watermelon. Besides, melatonin and H2O2 induced the accumulation of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) in response to cold. This was associated with the upregulation of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2 (ClCNGC2) in watermelon. However, blocking of Ca2+ influx channels abolished melatonin- or H2O2-induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance. Ca2+ also induced ClRBOHD expression and H2O2 accumulation in early response to cold stress in watermelon. Inhibition of H2O2 production in watermelon by RBOH inhibitor or in Arabidopsis by AtRBOHD knockout compromised melatonin-induced [Ca2+]cyt accumulation and melatonin- or Ca2+-induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance. Overall, these findings indicate that melatonin induces RBOHD-dependent H2O2 generation in early response to cold stress. Increased H2O2 promotes [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, which in turn induces H2O2 accumulation via RBOHD, forming a reciprocal positive-regulatory loop that mediates melatonin-induced CBF pathway and subsequent cold tolerance.
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13
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Tailoring Alginate/Chitosan Microparticles Loaded with Chemical and Biological Agents for Agricultural Application and Production of Value-Added Foods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews the recent development of biopolymer-based delivery systems for agricultural application. Encapsulation into biopolymer microparticles ensures the protection and targeted delivery of active agents while offering controlled release with higher efficiency and environmental safety for ecological and sustainable plant production. Encapsulation of biological agents provides protection and increases its survivability while providing an environment safe for growth. The application of microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents presents an innovative way to stimulate plant metabolites synthesis. This enhances plants’ defense against pests and pathogens and results in the production of higher quality food (i.e., higher plant metabolites share). Ionic gelation was presented as a sustainable method in developing biopolymeric microparticles based on the next-generation biopolymers alginate and chitosan. Furthermore, this review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of advanced formulations against conventional ones. The significance of plant metabolites stimulation and their importance in functional food production is also pointed out. This review offers guidelines in developing biopolymeric microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents and guidelines for the application in plant production, underlining its effect on the plant metabolites synthesis.
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14
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Iqbal N, Czékus Z, Poór P, Ördög A. Plant defence mechanisms against mycotoxin Fumonisin B1. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 343:109494. [PMID: 33915161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most harmful mycotoxin which prevails in several crops and affects the growth and yield as well. Hence, keeping the alarming consequences of FB1 under consideration, there is still a need to seek other more reliable approaches and scientific knowledge for FB1-induced cell death and a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of plant defence strategies. FB1-induced disturbance in sphingolipid metabolism initiates programmed cell death (PCD) through various modes such as the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, and activation of specific proteases and nucleases causing DNA fragmentation. There is a close interaction between sphingolipids and defence phytohormones in response to FB1 exposure regulating PCD and defence. In this review, the model plant Arabidopsis and various crops have been presented with different levels of susceptibility and resistivity exposed to various concentration of FB1. In addition to this, regulation of PCD and defence mechanisms have been also demonstrated at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels to help the understanding of the role and function of FB1-inducible molecules and genes and their expressions in plants against pathogen attacks which could provide molecular and biochemical markers for the detection of toxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Iqbal
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary.
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary
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15
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Takahashi H, Pradal C. Root phenotyping: important and minimum information required for root modeling in crop plants. BREEDING SCIENCE 2021; 71:109-116. [PMID: 33762880 DOI: 10.1071/bt06118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As plants cannot relocate, they require effective root systems for water and nutrient uptake. Root development plasticity enables plants to adapt to different environmental conditions. Research on improvements in crop root systems is limited in comparison with that in shoots as the former are difficult to image. Breeding more effective root systems is proposed as the "second green revolution". There are several recent publications on root system architecture (RSA), but the methods used to analyze the RSA have not been standardized. Here, we introduce traditional and current root-imaging methods and discuss root structure phenotyping. Some important root structures have not been standardized as roots are easily affected by rhizosphere conditions and exhibit greater plasticity than shoots; moreover, root morphology significantly varies even in the same genotype. For these reasons, it is difficult to define the ideal root systems for breeding. In this review, we introduce several types of software to analyze roots and identify important root parameters by modeling to simplify the root system characterization. These parameters can be extracted from photographs captured in the field. This modeling approach is applicable to various legacy root data stored in old or unpublished formats. Standardization of RSA data could help estimate root ideotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Takahashi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Christophe Pradal
- UMR AGAP, CIRAD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- Inria & LIRMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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16
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Li X, Huang S, McBride MB. Rhizosphere effect on Pb solubility and phytoavailability in Pb-Contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115840. [PMID: 33120158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of plant roots in modifying Pb solubility and bioavailability in an historically contaminated orchard (Hudson) and a Pb phosphate-spiked (Arkport) soil was determined by measuring soluble Pb in the soil solutions as well as content of Pb in radish shoots grown in these soils. Soluble Pb and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents were greater in the rhizospheres of both Pb-contaminated soils than in the unplanted high-Pb soils. The rhizosphere effect increased soluble Pb 15-fold in the field-contaminated orchard soil, whereas the effect was much smaller in the Pb phosphate-spiked soil. The rhizosphere effect persisted in the Pb-phosphate spiked soil after adjustment of the soil pH from 7.8 to 6.7. The results indicate that Pb phosphate added to a non-acid soil has lower solubility than Pb in an orchard soil contaminated by historical Pb arsenate applications; nevertheless, some uptake of Pb into plant shoots resulted from both sources of soil Pb contamination. The rhizosphere effect was observed for trace metals in addition to Pb, with the solubility of Al, Fe, Cu and Ni all increasing in the rhizosphere soil. In contrast, the solubility of alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba) all decreased in the rhizosphere soil. The results indicate that the rhizosphere effect associated with plant roots can raise the solubility of Pb in soils contaminated by legacy Pb and by insoluble Pb phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Samantha Huang
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - M B McBride
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
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17
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Wang B, Bi Y. The role of signal production and transduction in induced resistance of harvested fruits and vegetables. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2021; 5. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Postharvest diseases are the primary reason causing postharvest loss of fruits and vegetables. Although fungicides show an effective way to control postharvest diseases, the use of fungicides is gradually being restricted due to safety, environmental pollution, and resistance development in the pathogen. Induced resistance is a new strategy to control postharvest diseases by eliciting immune activity in fruits and vegetables with exogenous physical, chemical, and biological elicitors. After being stimulated by elicitors, fruits and vegetables respond immediately against pathogens. This process is actually a continuous signal transduction, including the generation, transduction, and interaction of signal molecules. Each step of response can lead to corresponding physiological functions, and ultimately induce disease resistance by upregulating the expression of disease resistance genes and activating a variety of metabolic pathways. Signal molecules not only mediate defense response alone, but also interact with other signal transduction pathways to regulate the disease resistance response. Among various signal molecules, the second messenger (reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, calcium ions) and plant hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and abscisic acid) play an important role in induced resistance. This article summarizes and reviews the research progress of induced resistance in recent years, and expounds the role of the above-mentioned signal molecules in induced resistance of harvested fruits and vegetables, and prospects for future research.
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18
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Protein-driven biomineralization: Comparing silica formation in grass silica cells to other biomineralization processes. J Struct Biol 2020; 213:107665. [PMID: 33227416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomineralization is a common strategy adopted by organisms to support their body structure. Plants practice significant silicon and calcium based biomineralization in which silicon is deposited as silica in cell walls and intracellularly in various cell-types, while calcium is deposited mostly as calcium oxalate in vacuoles of specialized cells. In this review, we compare cellular processes leading to protein-dependent mineralization in plants, diatoms and sponges (phylum Porifera). The mechanisms of biomineralization in these organisms are inherently different. The composite silica structure in diatoms forms inside the cytoplasm in a membrane bound vesicle, which after maturation is exocytosed to the cell surface. In sponges, separate vesicles with the mineral precursor (silicic acid), an inorganic template, and organic molecules, fuse together and are extruded to the extracellular space. In plants, calcium oxalate mineral precipitates in vacuolar crystal chambers containing a protein matrix which is never exocytosed. Silica deposition in grass silica cells takes place outside the cell membrane when the cells secrete the mineralizing protein into the apoplasm rich with silicic acid (the mineral precursor molecules). Our review infers that the organism complexity and precursor reactivity (calcium and oxalate versus silicic acid) are main driving forces for the evolution of varied mineralization mechanisms.
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19
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Calcium Plays a Double-Edged Role in Modulating Cadmium Uptake and Translocation in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218058. [PMID: 33137932 PMCID: PMC7662230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soils poses great risks to both agricultural production and human health. Calcium (Ca) is an essential element playing a significant role in protecting plants against Cd toxicity. However, how Ca affects Cd uptake and translocation in rice is still not fully elucidated. In this study, the regulatory role of Ca in Cd uptake and upward translocation was investigated in rice at different growth stages. Our results showed that the supplement of 5 mM Ca significantly reduced Cd uptake by rice roots, because of their competition for Ca-permeable channels as an absorption site and Ca-induced downregulation of OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP5. However, Ca application facilitated the upward translocation of Cd by both upregulating OsHMA2 to induce xylem loading of Cd and downregulating OsHMA3 to reduce vacuolar sequestration of Cd. Such contrary results suggested a double-edged role of Ca in regulating root Cd uptake and root-to-shoot Cd translocation in rice. Although it increased Cd content in the aboveground vegetative tissues during the whole growth period, the addition of 5 mM Ca eventually decreased Cd content in rice grains at the ripening stage. All these results suggest that Ca-based amendments possess great potential for the production of low-Cd rice grains.
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20
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Morina F, Küpper H. Direct inhibition of photosynthesis by Cd dominates over inhibition caused by micronutrient deficiency in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:252-261. [PMID: 32781275 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work reveals, by imaging in vivo measurements in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri, in how far Cd stress affects macronutrient (Ca, K) and micronutrient (Fe, Zn) distribution in the leaves. We directly correlate these changes with biophysics of the photosynthetic light reactions. Plants were grown for 2 months at 10 μM Zn (=control), and supplemented with 10, 15, 50 or 75 μM Cd. Direct imaging of OJIP transients revealed that bundle sheath cells were more sensitive to Cd toxicity than mesophyll cells further from the vein. Progressive inhibition of photosystem (PS) II reaction centres and decrease in quantum yield of electron transport between QA and QB and further to PSI acceptors was observed. This was correlated with the decreased dynamics of QA re-oxidation and lower operating efficiency of PSII. Analysis by a benchtop micro X-ray fluorescence device showed that Cd mostly accumulated in the veins, and restricted Fe and Zn distribution from the veins, especially in the 75 μM Cd, while K concentration increased in the whole leaf. Calcium distribution was apparently not affected by Cd, but Cd excess inhibited trichome formation and thereby diminished total Ca concentration in the leaves. The results point to differential tissue sensitivity to Cd, evident by heterogeneous inhibition of photosynthesis. Part of this may be a result of selective disturbances in the leaf nutrient homeostasis. The better photosynthetic performance away from the veins compared to the bundle sheath cells, however, indicates that direct inhibition of photosynthesis by Cd dominates over inhibition caused by micronutrient deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filis Morina
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Biophysics & Biochemistry Branišovská 31/1160, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Biophysics & Biochemistry Branišovská 31/1160, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Branišovská 31/1160, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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21
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Ismael MA, Elyamine AM, Moussa MG, Cai M, Zhao X, Hu C. Cadmium in plants: uptake, toxicity, and its interactions with selenium fertilizers. Metallomics 2020; 11:255-277. [PMID: 30632600 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00247a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cd is the third major contaminant of greatest hazard to the environment after mercury and lead and is considered as the only metal that poses health risks to both humans and animals at plant tissue concentrations that are generally not phytotoxic. Cd accumulation in plant shoots depends on Cd entry through the roots, sequestration within root vacuoles, translocation in the xylem and phloem, and Cd dilution within the plant shoot throughout its growth. Several metal transporters, processes, and channels are involved from the first step of Cd reaching the root cells and until its final accumulation in the edible parts of the plant. It is hard to demonstrate one step as the pivotal factor to decide the Cd tolerance or accumulation ability of plants since the role of a specific transporter/process varies among plant species and even cultivars. In this review, we discuss the sources of Cd pollutants, Cd toxicity to plants, and mechanisms of Cd uptake and redistribution in plant tissues. The metal transporters involved in Cd transport within plant tissues are also discussed and how their manipulation can control Cd uptake and/or translocation. Finally, we discuss the beneficial effects of Se on plants under Cd stress, and how it can minimize or mitigate Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Ismael
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Research Center of Trace Elements, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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22
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Jurić S, Sopko Stracenski K, Król-Kilińska Ż, Žutić I, Uher SF, Đermić E, Topolovec-Pintarić S, Vinceković M. The enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. by encapsulated bioactive agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3737. [PMID: 32111947 PMCID: PMC7048752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulated bioactive agents applied to the Lactuca sativa L. present an innovative approach to stimulate the production of plant secondary metabolites increasing its nutritive value. Calcium and copper ions were encapsulated in biopolymeric microparticles (microspheres and microcapsules) either as single agents or in combination with biocontrol agents, Trichoderma viride spores, a fungal plant growth mediator. Both, calcium and copper ions are directly involved in the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites and alongside, Trichoderma viride can provide indirect stimulation and higher uptake of nutrients. All treatments with microparticles had a positive effect on the enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. The highest increase of chlorophylls, antioxidant activity and phenolic was obtained by calcium-based microparticles in both, conventionally and hydroponically grown lettuces. Non-encapsulated fungus Trichoderma viride enhanced the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites only in hydroponics cultivation signifying the importance of its encapsulation. Encapsulation proved to be simple, sustainable and environmentally favorable for the production of lettuce with increased nutritional quality, which is lettuce fortified with important bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaven Jurić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Żaneta Król-Kilińska
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ivanka Žutić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edyta Đermić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marko Vinceković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
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23
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Zou R, Wang L, Li YC, Tong Z, Huo W, Chi K, Fan H. Cadmium absorption and translocation of amaranth (Amaranthus mangostanus L.) affected by iron deficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113410. [PMID: 31679873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amaranth (Amaranthus mangostanus L.) has superior capability for accumulating cadmium (Cd) and has the potential to be used for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soils. Iron (Fe) is chemically similar to Cd and may mediate Cd-induced physiological or metabolic impacts in plants. The purpose was to investigate the model of time-dependent and concentration-dependent kinetics of Cd absorption under Fe deficiency, understanding the physiological mechanism of Cd absorption in amaranth roots. The kinetic characteristics of Cd uptake by amaranth grown in Cd enriched nutritional solution with or without Fe addition and with methanol-chloroform, carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), and lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) were compared using 109Cd2+ isotope labeling technique. The results showed that Cd uptake was time-dependent and about 90-93% of uptake occurred during the first 150 min. The kinetics of Cd uptake showed that two stages were involved. The saturation stage fitted the Michaelis-Menten model when concentrations of Cd were lower than 12.71 μmol/L and then the absorption of Cd by roots was increased linearly during the second stage. Only linear absorption was observed with methanol-chloroform treatment while the metabolic inhibitor CCCP inhibited only the saturation absorption process, and the Ca channel inhibitor LaCl3 partially inhibited the two stages of absorption. These results indicated that the root absorption of 109Cd2+ was enhanced under Fe deficiency which induced more Fe transporters in the root cell membrane, and the Ca channel, apoplastic and symplastic pathways enhanced the Cd absorption in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuncong C Li
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Wenmin Huo
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Keyu Chi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd. Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hongli Fan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Burger A, Lichtscheidl I. Strontium in the environment: Review about reactions of plants towards stable and radioactive strontium isotopes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:1458-1512. [PMID: 30759584 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiostrontium is released to the environment from routine and accidental discharge and acts on living organisms either from external sources or after absorption. When incorporated by plants, it enters the food chain and causes primary threat to human health and the environment. Understanding the mechanisms of plants for strontium uptake and retention is therefore essential for decision making concerning agriculture: are uptake rates low enough so that plants can serve as food? Or is radiostrontium accumulated so that plants should not be eaten but could be probably used for extracting strontium from water and soil in hot spots of pollution? The review presents a summary of studies about the origin of stable and radioactive strontium in the environment and effects coming from both internal and external exposure of plants. Mobility and availability of strontium to plant roots in soil are controlled by external factors such as chemical composition of the soil and pH, temperature and agricultural soil cultivation as well as soil biological networks built by microbial communities. Plant surfaces may receive input of strontium from deposition induced by atmospheric pollution or by acquisition from water through the whole immersed surface. Cells have entry mechanisms for strontium such as plasma membrane transporters for calcium and potassium. Part of absorbed strontium can be lost via processes discussed in this review. We give examples on strontium transfer factors for 149 plants to estimate plant absorption capacity for strontium from soil, water and air. Uptake efficiency of terrestrial and aquatic plants is deciding about their remediation potential to either remove radiostrontium by accumulation and rhizofiltration or to retain it in roots or aerial parts. Data of strontium content in soils after fallout and edible plants from long-term monitoring support the evaluation of the potential hazards posed by strontium input to the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burger
- University of Vienna, Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Irene Lichtscheidl
- University of Vienna, Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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25
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Kurtyka R, Burdach Z, Siemieniuk A, Karcz W. Single and combined effects of Cd and Pb on the growth, medium pH, membrane potential and metal contents in maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptile segments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:8-16. [PMID: 29857232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the toxic effects of Cd and Pb on plant cell growth are still poorly understood. In particular, little is known about their interactive effects, which usually occur in the environment. Moreover, the data that do exist in the literature are controversial. This study describes experiments that were performed with maize (Zea mays) coleoptile segments, which is a classical model system for studies of plant cell elongation growth. Cadmium and lead, which were added at 0.1 mM, reduced the endogenous and IAA-induced elongation growth of maize coleoptile cells. When both metals were added together or in sequence, their effect on IAA-induced growth was more toxic. The medium pH changes, which were measured simultaneously with growth, indicated that while Pb stopped IAA-induced proton extrusion, Cd only partially diminished it. Although Cd was generally more accumulated than Pb in the maize coleoptile segments, when IAA was added together with Pb, it significantly increased the accumulation of the metal. The short-term electrophysiological experiments showed that the addition of Cd caused the depolarisation of the membrane potential (Em), whereas Pb caused membrane hyperpolarisation. In the long-term electrophysiological experiments, it was found that the Cd-induced Em changes are complex. In conclusion, these results suggest that the effects of Cd and Pb as well as their combination on the elongation growth of maize coleoptile cells and the accumulation of the metals result, among others, from different ionic mechanisms by which each metal change the membrane potential of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kurtyka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Burdach
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siemieniuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Waldemar Karcz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40-032 Katowice, Poland
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Bi L, Weng L, Jiang Z, Xiao H. The tomato IQD gene SUN24 regulates seed germination through ABA signaling pathway. PLANTA 2018; 248:919-931. [PMID: 29968062 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression and functional analysis of the tomato IQD gene SUN24 revealed that it regulates seed germination through ABA signaling pathway. Ca2+ signaling plays crucial roles in diverse biological processes including ABA-mediated seed germination. The plant-specific IQ67-Domain (IQD) proteins are hypothesized to regulate Ca2+ signaling and plant development through interactions with calmodulins (CaMs). Despite a few IQD genes have been identified to regulate herbivore resistance and plant growth and development, the molecular functions of most members in this gene family are not known. In this study, we characterized the role of the tomato IQD gene SUN24 in seed germination. Using pSUN24::GUS reporter lines and by quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis, we show that SUN24 is mainly expressed in the roots, flowers, young fruits, seeds, and other young developing tissues, and its expression is repressed by ABA treatments. Functional analysis shows that knockdown of SUN24 expression by RNA interference delays seed germination, whereas overexpression of this IQD gene promotes germination. Further gene expression analysis reveals that SUN24 negatively regulates expression of two key ABA signaling genes Solanum lycopersicum ABA-insensitive 3 (SlABI3) and SlABI5 in germinating seeds. Moreover, SUN24, targeting to microtubule and nuclear bodies, can interact with four tomato CaMs (SlCaM1, 2, 3, and 6) in yeast cells. Our results demonstrate that SUN24 regulates seed germination through ABA signaling pathway, expanding our understanding of the roles of the IQD protein family members in plant physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Bi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuyan Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ahmadi H, Corso M, Weber M, Verbruggen N, Clemens S. CAX1 suppresses Cd-induced generation of reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis halleri. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2435-2448. [PMID: 29879753 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular analysis of metal hyperaccumulation in species such as Arabidopsis halleri offers the chance to gain insights into metal homeostasis and into the evolution of adaptation to extreme habitats. A prerequisite of metal hyperaccumulation is metal hypertolerance. Genetic analysis of a backcross population derived from Arabidopsis lyrata × A. halleri crosses revealed three quantitative trait loci for Cd hypertolerance. A candidate gene for Cdtol2 is AhCAX1, encoding a vacuolar Ca2+ /H+ antiporter. We developed a method for the transformation of vegetatively propagated A. halleri plants and generated AhCAX1-silenced lines. Upon Cd2+ exposure, several-fold higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detectable in roots of AhCAX1-silenced plants. In accordance with the dependence of Cdtol2 on external Ca2+ concentration, this phenotype was exclusively observed in low Ca2+ conditions. The effects of external Ca2+ on Cd accumulation cannot explain the phenotype as they were not influenced by the genotype. Our data strongly support the hypothesis that higher expression of CAX1 in A. halleri relative to other Arabidopsis species represents a Cd hypertolerance factor. We propose a function of AhCAX1 in preventing a positive feedback loop of Cd-elicited ROS production triggering further Ca2+ -dependent ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmadi
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Corso
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Weber
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephan Clemens
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Znojek E. Localization of calreticulin and calcium ions in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula in response to aluminum stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 229:22-31. [PMID: 30025219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits growth and symbiotic interactions of plants. Calcium plays essential roles in abiotic stresses and legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, but the sites and mechanism of Ca2+ mobilization during mycorrhizae have not been analyzed. In this study, the changes of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and calreticulin (CRT) in Medicago truncatula mycorrhizal (MR) and non-mycorrizal (NM) roots under short Al stress [50 μM AlCl3 pH 4.3 for 3 h] were analyzed. Free Ca2+ ions were detected cytochemically by their reaction with potassium pyroantimonate and anti-CRT antibody was used to locate this protein in Medicago roots by immunocytochemical methods. In MR and NM roots, Al induced accumulation of CRT and free Ca2+. Similar calcium and CRT distribution in the MR were found at the surface of fungal structures (arbuscules and intercellular hyphae), cell wall and in plasmodesmata, and in plant and fungal intracellular compartments. Additionally, degenerated arbuscules were associated with intense Ca2+ and CRT accumulation. In NM roots, Ca2+ and CRT epitopes were observed in the stele, near wall of cortex and endodermis. The present study provides new insight into Ca2+ storage and mobilization in mycorrhizae symbiosis. The colocalization of CRT and Ca2+ suggests that CRT is essential for calcium mobilization for normal mycorrhiza development and response to Al stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Sujkowska-Rybkowska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Znojek
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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29
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Unraveling Field Crops Sensitivity to Heat Stress:Mechanisms, Approaches, and Future Prospects. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy8070128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The astonishing increase in temperature presents an alarming threat to crop production worldwide. As evident by huge yield decline in various crops, the escalating drastic impacts of heat stress (HS) are putting global food production as well as nutritional security at high risk. HS is a major abiotic stress that influences plant morphology, physiology, reproduction, and productivity worldwide. The physiological and molecular responses to HS are dynamic research areas, and molecular techniques are being adopted for producing heat tolerant crop plants. In this article, we reviewed recent findings, impacts, adoption, and tolerance at the cellular, organellar, and whole plant level and reported several approaches that are used to improve HS tolerance in crop plants. Omics approaches unravel various mechanisms underlying thermotolerance, which is imperative to understand the processes of molecular responses toward HS. Our review about physiological and molecular mechanisms may enlighten ways to develop thermo-tolerant cultivars and to produce crop plants that are agriculturally important in adverse climatic conditions.
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Klíma P, Laňková M, Vandenbussche F, Van Der Straeten D, Petrášek J. Silver ions increase plasma membrane permeability through modulation of intracellular calcium levels in tobacco BY-2 cells. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:809-818. [PMID: 29502206 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Silver ions increase plasma membrane permeability for water and small organic compounds through their stimulatory effect on plasma membrane calcium channels, with subsequent modulation of intracellular calcium levels and ion homeostasis. The action of silver ions at the plant plasma membrane is largely connected with the inhibition of ethylene signalling thanks to the ability of silver ion to replace the copper cofactor in the ethylene receptor. A link coupling the action of silver ions and cellular auxin efflux has been suggested earlier by their possible direct interaction with auxin efflux carriers or by influencing plasma membrane permeability. Using tobacco BY-2 cells, we demonstrate here that besides a dramatic increase of efflux of synthetic auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), treatment with AgNO3 resulted in enhanced efflux of the cytokinin trans-zeatin (tZ) as well as the auxin structural analogues tryptophan (Trp) and benzoic acid (BA). The application of AgNO3 was accompanied by gradual water loss and plasmolysis. The observed effects were dependent on the availability of extracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) as shown by comparison of transport assays in Ca2+-rich and Ca2+-free buffers and upon treatment with inhibitors of plasma membrane Ca2+-permeable channels Al3+ and ruthenium red, both abolishing the effect of AgNO3. Confocal microscopy of Ca2+-sensitive fluorescence indicator Fluo-4FF, acetoxymethyl (AM) ester suggested that the extracellular Ca2+ availability is necessary to trigger the response to silver ions and that the intracellular Ca2+ pool alone is not sufficient for this effect. Altogether, our data suggest that in plant cells the effects of silver ions originate from the primal modification of the internal calcium levels, possibly by their interaction with Ca2+-permeable channels at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Klíma
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Laňková
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Vandenbussche
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Petrášek
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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González A, Sáez CA, Moenne A. Copper-induced activation of TRPs and VDCCs triggers a calcium signature response regulating gene expression in Ectocarpus siliculosus. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4556. [PMID: 29682409 PMCID: PMC5907779 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In certain multicellular photoautotrophs, such as plants and green macroalgae, it has been demonstrated that calcium signaling importantly mediates tolerance to copper excess. However, there is no information in brown macroalgae, which are phylogenetically distant from green algae and plants. We have previously shown that chronic copper levels (2.5 μM) activate transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the model brown macroalga Ectocarpus siliculosus, allowing extracellular calcium entry at 13, 29, 39 and 51 min. Here, we showed that intracellular calcium increases also occurred at 3 and 5 h of exposure; these increases were inhibited by antagonists of voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs); a chelating agent of extracellular calcium; an antagonist of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ATPase; and antagonists of cADPR-, NAADP- and IP3-dependent calcium channels. Thus, copper activates VDCCs allowing extracellular calcium entry and intracellular calcium release from the ER via cADPR-, IP3- and NAADP-dependent channels. Furthermore, the level of transcripts encoding a phytochelatin synthase (PS) and a metallothionein (MT) were analyzed in the alga exposed to 2.5 μM copper from 3 to 24 h. The level of ps and mt transcripts increased until 24 h and these increases were inhibited by antagonists of calmodulins (CaMs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs). Finally, activation of VDCC was inhibited by a mixture of TRP antagonists and by inhibitors of protein kinases. Thus, copper-mediated activation of TRPs triggers VDCCs via protein kinases, allowing extracellular calcium entry and intracellular calcium release from ER that, in turn, activate CaMs, CBLs and CDPKs increasing expression of PS and MT encoding genes in E. siliculosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto González
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Claudio A Sáez
- Laboratory of Costal Environmental Research, Center of Advanced Studies, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
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Burger A, Lichtscheidl I. Stable and radioactive cesium: A review about distribution in the environment, uptake and translocation in plants, plant reactions and plants' potential for bioremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:1459-1485. [PMID: 29122347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiocesium in water, soil, and air represents a severe threat to human health and the environment. It either acts directly on living organisms from external sources, or it becomes incorporated through the food chain, or both. Plants are at the base of the food chain; it is therefore essential to understand the mechanisms of plants for cesium retention and uptake. In this review we summarize investigations about sources of stable and radioactive cesium in the environment and harmful effects caused by internal and external exposure of plants to radiocesium. Uptake of cesium into cells occurs through molecular mechanisms such as potassium and calcium transporters in the plasma membrane. In soil, bioavailability of cesium depends on the chemical composition of the soil and physical factors such as pH, temperature and tilling as well as on environmental factors such as soil microorganisms. Uptake of cesium occurs also from air through interception and absorption on leaves and from water through the whole submerged surface. We reviewed information about reducing cesium in the vegetation by loss processes, and we extracted transfer factors from the available literature and give an overview over the uptake capacities of 72 plants for cesium from the substratum to the biomass. Plants with high uptake potential could be used to remediate soil and water from radiocesium by accumulation and rhizofiltration. Inside plants, cesium distributes fast between the different plant organs and cells, but cesium in soil is extremely stable and remains for decades in the rhizosphere. Monitoring of contaminated soil therefore has to continue for many decades, and edible plants grown on such soil must continuously be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burger
- University of Vienna, Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Irene Lichtscheidl
- University of Vienna, Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Kollárová K, Kamenická V, Vatehová Z, Lišková D. Impact of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides and Cd stress on maize root growth parameters, morphology, and structure. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 222:59-66. [PMID: 29407550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active oligosaccharides, including galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides (GGMOs), affect plant growth and development. The impact of GGMOs is dependent on their concentration, and the plant species and plant parts affected. The aim of this article is to ascertain the effects of GGMOs, GGMOs + Cd2+, on growth parameters, morphology, and the structure of maize (Zea mays L.) roots. We undertook this research because, in monocots, the effect of these oligosaccharides is so far unknown. In our study, GGMOs stimulated primary root elongation, induction and elongation of lateral roots, and biomass production. Their effect was dependent on the concentration used. Simultaneously, GGMOs moderated the negative effect of Cd2+ on root elongation growth. Besides, GGMOs affected the primary root structure, proven in the earlier development of xylem and Casparian bands, but not of suberin lamellae (compared to the control). The presence of Cd2+ shifted the apoplasmic barriers closer to the root apex in comparison to samples treated with GGMOs + Cd2+. GGMOs do not inhibit Cd uptake into the root directly, but they moderate its effect, and therefore their influence at the structural and metabolic level seems possible. Their positive impact on plant vitality, even in contaminated conditions, strongly indicates their potential application in remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kollárová
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Viktória Kamenická
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B-2, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Vatehová
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Desana Lišková
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Lan XY, Yang B, Yan YY, Li XY, Xu FL. Resistance mechanisms and their difference between the root and leaf of Microsorum pteropus - A novel potential aquatic cadmium hyperaccumulator. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:480-490. [PMID: 29127802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microsorum pteropus (M. pteropus), an aquatic Polypodiaceae fern, was identified as a novel potential cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator in our previous study. This study reveals the Cd-resistance mechanisms and their difference between the root and leaf of M. pteropus based on analyses of photosynthesis, antioxidant systems and gene expression. A high level of Cd at 500μM was used to treat the samples to test the effects of this compound. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and flavonoids were used as indicators for antioxidant system changes. Five chlorophyll fluorescent parameters including the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y(II)), photochemical quenching (qP), nonphotochemical quenching (qN) and electron transport rate (ETR) were measured to determine the photosynthetic changes. RNA-sequencing analysis was used to study the changes in gene expression. The results showed that after exposure to high levels of Cd, the concentrations of enzymatic oxidants (SOD and POD) were significantly increased, while the MDA levels were significantly decreased. There were no significant changes for the chlorophyll fluorescent parameters during Cd stress, which indicates that M. pteropus is highly effective at protecting itself. Certain functional genes, including photosystem genes and secondary metabolites, had significantly altered levels of expression. Different Cd-resistance mechanisms were found between the root and leaf tissues of M. pteropus. The root tissues of M. pteropus resist Cd damage using antioxidants, while its leaf tissues mainly protect themselves using photosystem self-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Lan
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Yang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun-Yun Yan
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fu-Liu Xu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Ma K, Shi W, Xu M, Liu J, Zhang F. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNA in Wheat Roots in Response to Ca 2+ Channel Blocker. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:244. [PMID: 29559983 PMCID: PMC5845709 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether plant lncRNAs are responsive to Ca2+-channel blocking. When using the Ca2+-channel blocker, LaCl3, to treat germinated wheat seeds for 24 h, we found that both root length and mitosis were inhibited in the LaCl3-treated groups. The effect of the Ca2+-channel blocker was verified in three ways: a [Ca2+]cyt decrease detected using Fluo-3/AM staining, a decrease in the Ca content measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and an inhibition of Ca2+ influx detected using Non-invasive Micro-test Technology. Genome-wide high throughput RNA-seq and bioinformatical methods were used to identify lncRNAs, and found 177 differentially expressed lncRNAs that might be in responsive to Ca2+-channel blocking. Among these, 108 were up-regulated and 69 were down-regulated. The validity of identified lncRNAs data from RNA-seq was verified using qPCR. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that a number of lncRNAs might be involved in diverse biological processes upon Ca2+-channel blocking. Further GO analysis showed that 23 lncRNAs might play roles as transcription factor (TF); Moreover, eight lncRNAs might participate in cell cycle regulation, and their relative expressions were detected using qPCR. This study also provides diverse data on wheat lncRNAs that can deepen our understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of Ca2+-channel blocking in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshi Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wenshuo Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyue Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaxi Liu
| | - Feixiong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Feixiong Zhang
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Ibrahim A, Jin XL, Zhang YB, Cruz J, Vichyavichien P, Esiobu N, Zhang XH. Tobacco plants expressing the maize nitrate transporter ZmNrt2.1 exhibit altered responses of growth and gene expression to nitrate and calcium. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2017; 58:51. [PMID: 29143202 PMCID: PMC5688054 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrate uptake is a highly regulated process. Understanding the intricate interactions between nitrate availability and genetically-controlled nitrate acquisition and metabolism is essential for improving nitrogen use efficiency and increasing nitrate uptake capacity for plants grown in both nitrate-poor and nitrate-enriched environments. In this report, we introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) the constitutively expressed maize high-affinity transporter ZmNrt2.1 gene that would bypass the tight control for the endogenous nitrate-responsive genes. By using calcium inhibitors and varying levels of NO3-, Ca2+ and K+, we probed how the host plants were affected in their nitrate response. RESULTS We found that the ZmNrt2.1-expressing plants had better root growth than the wild type plants when Ca2+ was deficient regardless of the nitrate levels. The growth restriction associated with Ca2+-deficiency can be alleviated with a high level of K+. Furthermore, the transgenic plants exhibited altered expression patterns of several endogenous, nitrate-responsive genes, including the high- and low-affinity nitrate transporters, the Bric-a-Brac/Tramtrack/Broad protein BT2 and the transcription factor TGA-binding protein TGA1, in responding to treatments of NO3-, K+ or inhibitors for the calcium channel and the cytosolic Ca2+-regulating phospholipase C, as compared to the wild type plants under the same treatments. Their expression was not only responsive to nitrate, but also affected by Ca2+. There were also different patterns of gene expression between roots and shoots. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the ectopic effect of the maize nitrate transporter on the host plant's overall gene expression of nitrate sensing system, and further highlight the involvement of calcium in nitrate sensing in tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
- Department of Soil Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Xiao-Lu Jin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
| | - Yu-Bin Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
- Monitoring Center for Marine Resources and Environments, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088 China
| | - Jessica Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
| | - Paveena Vichyavichien
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
| | - Nwadiuto Esiobu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
| | - Xing-Hai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
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Kintzer AF, Stroud RM. On the structure and mechanism of two-pore channels. FEBS J 2017; 285:233-243. [PMID: 28656706 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, two-pore channels (TPC1-3) comprise a family of ion channels that regulate the conductance of Na+ and Ca2+ ions across cellular membranes. TPC1-3 form endolysosomal channels, but TPC3 can also function in the plasma membrane. TPC1/3 are voltage-gated channels, but TPC2 opens in response to binding endolysosome-specific lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,5-diphosphate (PI(3,5)P2 ). Filoviruses, such as Ebola, exploit TPC-mediated ion release as a means of escape from the endolysosome during infection. Antagonists that block TPC1/2 channel conductance abrogate filoviral infections. TPC1/2 form complexes with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) at the endolysosomal surface that couple cellular metabolic state and cytosolic nutrient concentrations to the control of membrane potential and pH. We determined the X-ray structure of TPC1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtTPC1) to 2.87Å resolution-one of the two first reports of a TPC channel structure. Here, we summarize these findings and the implications that the structure may have for understanding endolysosomal control mechanisms and their role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander F Kintzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Koselski M, Trebacz K, Dziubinska H. Vacuolar ion channels in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha: influence of ion channel inhibitors. PLANTA 2017; 245:1049-1060. [PMID: 28197715 PMCID: PMC5391376 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Potassium-permeable slow activating vacuolar channels (SV) and chloride-permeable channels in the vacuole of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha were characterized in respect to calcium dependence, selectivity, and pharmacology. The patch-clamp method was used in the study of ion channel activity in the vacuoles from the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. The whole-vacuole recordings allowed simultaneous observation of two types of currents-predominant slow activated currents recorded at positive voltages and fast activated currents recorded at negative voltages. Single-channel recordings carried out in the gradient of KCl indicated that slow activated currents were carried by potassium-permeable slowly activating vacuolar channels (SV) and fast activated currents-by chloride-permeable channels. Both types of the channels were dependent in an opposite way on calcium, since elimination of this ion from the cytoplasmic side caused inhibition of SV channels, but the open probability of chloride-permeable channels even increased. The dependence of the activity of both channels on different types of ion channel inhibitors was studied. SV channels exhibited different sensitivity to potassium channel inhibitors. These channels were insensitive to 3 mM Ba2+, but were blocked by 3 mM tetraethyl ammonium (TEA). Moreover, the activity of the channels was modified in a different way by calcium channel inhibitors. 200 µM Gd3+ was an effective blocker, but 50 µM ruthenium red evoked bursts of the channel activity resulting in an increase in the open probability. Different effectiveness of anion channel inhibitors was observed in chloride-permeable channels. After the application of 100 µM Zn2+, a decrease in the open probability was recorded but the channels were still active. 50 µM DIDS was more effective, as it completely blocked the channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Koselski
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Kazimierz Trebacz
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Halina Dziubinska
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Moynier F, Fujii T. Calcium isotope fractionation between aqueous compounds relevant to low-temperature geochemistry, biology and medicine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44255. [PMID: 28276502 PMCID: PMC5343585 DOI: 10.1038/srep44255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable Ca isotopes are fractionated between bones, urine and blood of animals and between soils, roots and leaves of plants by >1000 ppm for the 44Ca/40Ca ratio. These isotopic variations have important implications to understand Ca transport and fluxes in living organisms; however, the mechanisms of isotopic fractionation are unclear. Here we present ab initio calculations for the isotopic fractionation between various aqueous species of Ca and show that this fractionation can be up to 3000 ppm. We show that the Ca isotopic fractionation between soil solutions and plant roots can be explained by the difference of isotopic fractionation between the different first shell hydration degree of Ca2+ and that the isotopic fractionation between roots and leaves is controlled by the precipitation of Ca-oxalates. The isotopic fractionation between blood and urine is due to the complexation of heavy Ca with citrate and oxalates in urine. Calculations are presented for additional Ca species that may be useful to interpret future Ca isotopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Moynier
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Toshiyuki Fujii
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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40
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Lu H, Li Z, Wu J, Shen Y, Li Y, Zou B, Tang Y, Zhuang P. Influences of calcium silicate on chemical forms and subcellular distribution of cadmium in Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40583. [PMID: 28074912 PMCID: PMC5225445 DOI: 10.1038/srep40583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of calcium silicate (CS) on the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in grain amaranths (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. Cv. 'K112') grown in a Cd contaminated soil. Results showed that the dry weight and the photosynthetic pigments contents in grain amaranths increased significantly with the increasing doses of CS treatments, with the highest value found for the treatment of CS3 (1.65 g/kg). Compared with the control, application of CS4 (3.31 g/kg) significantly reduced Cd concentrations in the roots, stems and leaves of grain amaranths by 68%, 87% and 89%, respectively. At subcellular level, CS treatment resulted in redistribution of Cd, higher percentages of Cd in the chloroplast and soluble fractions in leaves of grain amaranths were found, while lower proportions of Cd were located at the cell wall of the leaves. The application of CS enhanced the proportions of pectate and protein integrated forms of Cd and decreased the percentages of water soluble Cd potentially associated with toxicity in grain amaranths. Changes of free Cd ions into inactive forms sequestered in subcellular compartments may indicate an important mechanism of CS for alleviating Cd toxicity and accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanping Lu
- Guangdong Ecological Meteorology Center, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Zhian Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Bi Zou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
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Zhang Y, Sa G, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Deng S, Sun J, Li N, Li J, Yao J, Zhao N, Zhao R, Ma X, Polle A, Chen S. Paxillus involutus-Facilitated Cd 2+ Influx through Plasma Membrane Ca 2+-Permeable Channels Is Stimulated by H 2O 2 and H +-ATPase in Ectomycorrhizal Populus × canescens under Cadmium Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 7:1975. [PMID: 28111579 PMCID: PMC5216326 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Using a Non-invasive Micro-test Technique, flux profiles of Cd2+, Ca2+, and H+ were investigated in axenically grown cultures of two strains of Paxillus involutus (MAJ and NAU), ectomycorrhizae formed by these fungi with the woody Cd2+-hyperaccumulator, Populus × canescens, and non-mycorrhizal (NM) roots. The influx of Cd2+ increased in fungal mycelia, NM and ectomycorrhizal (EM) roots upon a 40-min shock, after short-term (ST, 24 h), or long-term (LT, 7 days) exposure to a hydroponic environment of 50 μM CdCl2. Cd2+ treatments (shock, ST, and LT) decreased Ca2+ influx in NM and EM roots but led to an enhanced influx of Ca2+ in axenically grown EM cultures of the two P. involutus isolates. The susceptibility of Cd2+ flux to typical Ca2+ channel blockers (LaCl3, GdCl3, verapamil, and TEA) in fungal mycelia and poplar roots indicated that the Cd2+ entry occurred mainly through Ca2+-permeable channels in the plasma membrane (PM). Cd2+ treatment resulted in H2O2 production. H2O2 exposure accelerated the entry of Cd2+ and Ca2+ in NM and EM roots. Cd2+ further stimulated H+ pumping activity benefiting NM and EM roots to maintain an acidic environment, which favored the entry of Cd2+ across the PM. A scavenger of reactive oxygen species, DMTU, and an inhibitor of PM H+-ATPase, orthovanadate, decreased Ca2+ and Cd2+ influx in NM and EM roots, suggesting that the entry of Cd2+ through Ca2+-permeable channels is stimulated by H2O2 and H+ pumps. Compared to NM roots, EM roots exhibited higher Cd2+-fluxes under shock, ST, and LT Cd2+ treatments. We conclude that ectomycorrhizal P. × canescens roots retained a pronounced H2O2 production and a high H+-pumping activity, which activated PM Ca2+ channels and thus facilitated a high influx of Cd2+ under Cd2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Gang Sa
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zhimei Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou, China
| | - Nianfei Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo, China
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xujun Ma
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Andrea Polle
- Büsgen-Institut, Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August-Universität GöttingenGöttingen, Germany
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing, China
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42
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Tian S, Xie R, Wang H, Hu Y, Ge J, Liao X, Gao X, Brown P, Lin X, Lu L. Calcium Deficiency Triggers Phloem Remobilization of Cadmium in a Hyperaccumulating Species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:2300-2313. [PMID: 27789737 PMCID: PMC5129722 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding cadmium (Cd) accumulation in plants is critical for the development of plant-based strategies for soil remediation and crop safety. Sedum alfredii is a nonbrassica plant species known to hyperaccumulate Cd. The characteristics of Cd uptake, distribution, and retranslocation affected by the Ca status were investigated at cellular levels in S. alfredii Low Ca supply significantly increased Cd contents in shoots of S. alfredii, particularly in the young leaves. Micro x-ray fluorescence images confirmed that sequestration of Cd was greatly enhanced in the young leaves under Ca deficiency stress, with a significant amount of Cd localized in mesophyll cells, compared to the young leaves supplied with high Ca levels. Cd influx into protoplasts isolated from young leaves was significantly inhibited by the addition of Ca channel inhibitors, but not by pre-exposure to Ca deficiency. In stems, the Cd signal in vascular systems under low Ca levels was 10-fold higher than in those treated with higher Ca levels. A detailed investigation of vascular bundles revealed that an extremely high Cd signal induced by low Ca supply occurred in the phloem tissues, but not in the xylem tissues. Transfer of Cd pretreated plants to nutrient solutions at different Ca levels confirmed that a much higher amount of Cd was reallocated to the new growth tissues under low Ca stress compared to plants supplied with sufficient Ca. These results suggest that Ca deficiency triggered a highly efficient phloem remobilization of Cd in S. alfredii and subsequently enhanced Cd accumulation in its young leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengke Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Ruohan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Haixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Xingcheng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Patrick Brown
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Xianyong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
| | - Lingli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China (S.T., R.X., H.W., Y.H., J.G, X.C.L., X.G., L.L.);
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (H.W., Y.H., X.G., X.Y.L., L.L.); and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (P.B.)
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Hou ST, Jiang SX, Zaharia LI, Han X, Benson CL, Slinn J, Abrams SR. Phaseic Acid, an Endogenous and Reversible Inhibitor of Glutamate Receptors in Mouse Brain. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27007-27022. [PMID: 27864367 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.756429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phaseic acid (PA) is a phytohormone regulating important physiological functions in higher plants. Here, we show the presence of naturally occurring (-)-PA in mouse and rat brains. (-)-PA is exclusively present in the choroid plexus and the cerebral vascular endothelial cells. Purified (-)-PA has no toxicity and protects cultured cortical neurons against glutamate toxicity through reversible inhibition of glutamate receptors. Focal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery elicited a significant induction in (-)-PA expression in the cerebrospinal fluid but not in the peripheral blood. Importantly, (-)-PA induction only occurred in the penumbra area, indicting a protective role of PA in the brain. Indeed, elevating the (-)-PA level in the brain reduced ischemic brain injury, whereas reducing the (-)-PA level using a monoclonal antibody against (-)-PA increased ischemic injury. Collectively, these studies showed for the first time that (-)-PA is an endogenous neuroprotective molecule capable of reversibly inhibiting glutamate receptors during ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tao Hou
- From the Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong Province, China, .,Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Building M54, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Ontario, Canada.,the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Susan X Jiang
- Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Building M54, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Irina Zaharia
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada, and
| | - Xiumei Han
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada, and
| | - Chantel L Benson
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada, and
| | - Jacqueline Slinn
- Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Building M54, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne R Abrams
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W9, Canada, and
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Hocking B, Tyerman SD, Burton RA, Gilliham M. Fruit Calcium: Transport and Physiology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:569. [PMID: 27200042 PMCID: PMC4850500 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium has well-documented roles in plant signaling, water relations and cell wall interactions. Significant research into how calcium impacts these individual processes in various tissues has been carried out; however, the influence of calcium on fruit ripening has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on how calcium may impact the development, physical traits and disease susceptibility of fruit through facilitating developmental and stress response signaling, stabilizing membranes, influencing water relations and modifying cell wall properties through cross-linking of de-esterified pectins. We explore the involvement of calcium in hormone signaling integral to the physiological mechanisms behind common disorders that have been associated with fruit calcium deficiency (e.g., blossom end rot in tomatoes or bitter pit in apples). This review works toward an improved understanding of how the many roles of calcium interact to influence fruit ripening, and proposes future research directions to fill knowledge gaps. Specifically, we focus mostly on grapes and present a model that integrates existing knowledge around these various functions of calcium in fruit, which provides a basis for understanding the physiological impacts of sub-optimal calcium nutrition in grapes. Calcium accumulation and distribution in fruit is shown to be highly dependent on water delivery and cell wall interactions in the apoplasm. Localized calcium deficiencies observed in particular species or varieties can result from differences in xylem morphology, fruit water relations and pectin composition, and can cause leaky membranes, irregular cell wall softening, impaired hormonal signaling and aberrant fruit development. We propose that the role of apoplasmic calcium-pectin crosslinking, particularly in the xylem, is an understudied area that may have a key influence on fruit water relations. Furthermore, we believe that improved knowledge of the calcium-regulated signaling pathways that control ripening would assist in addressing calcium deficiency disorders and improving fruit pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradleigh Hocking
- Plant Transport and Signaling Laboratory, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Tyerman
- Plant Transport and Signaling Laboratory, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Burton
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Plant Transport and Signaling Laboratory, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen OsmondSA, Australia
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45
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Ahmad P, Abdel Latef AA, Abd_Allah EF, Hashem A, Sarwat M, Anjum NA, Gucel S. Calcium and Potassium Supplementation Enhanced Growth, Osmolyte Secondary Metabolite Production, and Enzymatic Antioxidant Machinery in Cadmium-Exposed Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:513. [PMID: 27200003 PMCID: PMC4847423 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This work examined the role of exogenously applied calcium (Ca; 50 mM) and potassium (K; 10 mM) (alone and in combination) in alleviating the negative effects of cadmium (Cd; 200 μM) on growth, biochemical attributes, secondary metabolites and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Cd stress significantly decreased the length and weight (fresh and dry) of shoot and root and yield attributes in terms of number of pods and seed yield (vs. control). Exhibition of decreases in chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and total Chl was also observed with Cd-exposure when compared to control. However, Cd-exposure led to an increase in the content of carotenoids. In contrast, the exogenous application of Ca and K individually as well as in combination minimized the extent of Cd-impact on previous traits. C. arietinum seedlings subjected to Cd treatment exhibited increased contents of organic solute (proline, Pro) and total protein; whereas, Ca and K-supplementation further enhanced the Pro and total protein content. Additionally, compared to control, Cd-exposure also caused elevation in the contents of oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxidase, H2O2; malondialdehyde, MDA) and in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR). Ca, K, and Ca + K supplementation caused further enhancements in the activity of these enzymes but significantly decreased contents of H2O2 and MDA, also that of Cd accumulation in shoot and root. The contents of total phenol, flavonoid and mineral elements (S, Mn, Mg, Ca and K) that were also suppressed in Cd stressed plants in both shoot and root were restored to appreciable levels with Ca- and K-supplementation. However, the combination of Ca + K supplementation was more effective in bringing the positive response as compared to individual effect of Ca and K on Cd-exposed C. arietinum. Overall, this investigation suggests that application of Ca and/or K can efficiently minimize Cd-toxicity and eventually improve health and yield in C. arietinum by the cumulative outcome of the enhanced contents of organic solute, secondary metabolites, mineral elements, and activity of antioxidant defense enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Sri Pratap CollegeSrinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Parvaiz Ahmad
| | - Arafat A. Abdel Latef
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley UniversityQena, Egypt
- Biology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed F. Abd_Allah
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Agriculture Research Center, Plant Pathology Research InstituteGiza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity UniversityUttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naser A. Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of AveiroAveiro, Portugal
| | - Salih Gucel
- Centre for Environmental Research, Near East UniversityLefkosa, Cyprus
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46
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Petrova A, Smith CM. Application of Brown Planthopper Salivary Gland Extract to Rice Plants Induces Systemic Host mRNA Patterns Associated with Nutrient Remobilization. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141769. [PMID: 26641488 PMCID: PMC4671554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect saliva plays an important role in modulation of plant-insect interactions. Although this area of research has generated much attention in recent years, mechanisms of how saliva affects plant responses remain poorly understood. To address this void, the present study investigated the impact of the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, Stål; hereafter BPH) salivary gland extract (SGE) on rice (Oryza sativa) systemic responses at the mRNA level. Differentially expressed rice mRNAs were generated through suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and classified into six functional groups. Those with the most representatives were from the primary metabolism (28%), signaling-defense (22%) and transcription-translation-regulation group (16%). To validate SSH library results, six genes were further analyzed by One-Step Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase-PCR. Five of these genes exhibited up-regulation levels of more than 150% of those in the control group in at least one post-application time point. Results of this study allow assignment of at least two putative roles of BPH saliva: First, application of SGE induces immediate systemic responses at the mRNA level, suggesting that altering of the rice transcriptome at sites distant to hoppers feeding locations may play an important role in BPH-rice interactions. Second, 58% of SGE-responsive up-regulated genes have a secondary function associated with senescence, a process characterized by remobilization of nutrients. This suggests that BPH salivary secretions may reprogram the rice transcriptome for nutritional enhancement. When these findings are translated onto 'whole plant' scale, they indicate that BPH saliva may play the 'wise investment' role of 'minimum input today, maximum output tomorrow'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Petrova
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Charles Michael Smith
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
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Yadav AK, Shankar A, Jha SK, Kanwar P, Pandey A, Pandey GK. A rice tonoplastic calcium exchanger, OsCCX2 mediates Ca2+/cation transport in yeast. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17117. [PMID: 26607171 PMCID: PMC4660821 DOI: 10.1038/srep17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In plant cell, cations gradient in cellular compartments is maintained by synergistic action of various exchangers, pumps and channels. The Arabidopsis exchanger family members (AtCCX3 and AtCCX5) were previously studied and belong to CaCA (calcium cation exchangers) superfamily while none of the rice CCXs has been functionally characterized for their cation transport activities till date. Rice genome encode four CCXs and only OsCCX2 transcript showed differential expression under abiotic stresses and Ca(2+) starvation conditions. The OsCCX2 localized to tonoplast and suppresses the Ca(2+) sensitivity of K667 (low affinity Ca(2+) uptake deficient) yeast mutant under excess CaCl2 conditions. In contrast to AtCCXs, OsCCX2 expressing K667 yeast cells show tolerance towards excess Na(+), Li(+), Fe(2+), Zn(2+) and Co(2+) and suggest its ability to transport both mono as well as divalent cations in yeast. Additionally, in contrast to previously characterized AtCCXs, OsCCX2 is unable to complement yeast trk1trk2 double mutant suggesting inability to transport K(+) in yeast system. These finding suggest that OsCCX2 having distinct metal transport properties than previously characterized plant CCXs. OsCCX2 can be used as potential candidate for enhancing the abiotic stress tolerance in plants as well as for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K. Yadav
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Alka Shankar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Saroj K. Jha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Girdhar K. Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
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48
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Li J, Lu H, Liu J, Hong H, Yan C. The influence of flavonoid amendment on the absorption of cadmium in Avicennia marina roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 120:1-6. [PMID: 26004538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid is a key factor for the tolerance to cadmium in plants. Concentration-dependent kinetics experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of flavonoid amendment on the Cd(2+) uptake in Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh. roots. We found that compared with the control, saturation concentration and maximal absorption rate of Cd was higher under flavonoid amendment (p<0.05). When roots were exposed to ion transport inhibitor (LaCl3), flavonoid amendment also facilitated Cd transport in roots. Flavonoids had no influence on Cd(2+) uptake in root cell walls. In conclusion, flavonoids enhance the tolerance to Cd and have a significant stimulative effect on symplasm transport of Cd in A. marina roots. Ca(2+)-channel was not the unique means of symplasm transport for Cd(2+) absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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49
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Iwano M, Ito K, Fujii S, Kakita M, Asano-Shimosato H, Igarashi M, Kaothien-Nakayama P, Entani T, Kanatani A, Takehisa M, Tanaka M, Komatsu K, Shiba H, Nagai T, Miyawaki A, Isogai A, Takayama S. Calcium signalling mediates self-incompatibility response in the Brassicaceae. NATURE PLANTS 2015; 1:15128. [PMID: 27250681 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae is controlled by multiple haplotypes encoding the pollen ligand (S-locus protein 11, SP11, also known as S-locus cysteine-rich protein, SCR) and its stigmatic receptor (S-receptor kinase, SRK). A haplotype-specific interaction between SP11/SCR and SRK triggers the self-incompatibility response that leads to self-pollen rejection, but the signalling pathway remains largely unknown. Here we show that Ca(2+) influx into stigma papilla cells mediates self-incompatibility signalling. Using self-incompatible Arabidopsis thaliana expressing SP11/SCR and SRK, we found that self-pollination specifically induced an increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]cyt) in papilla cells. Direct application of SP11/SCR to the papilla cell protoplasts induced Ca(2+) increase, which was inhibited by D-(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP-5), a glutamate receptor channel blocker. An artificial increase in [Ca(2+)]cyt in papilla cells arrested wild-type (WT) pollen hydration. Treatment of papilla cells with AP-5 interfered with self-incompatibility, and Ca(2+) increase on the self-incompatibility response was reduced in the glutamate receptor-like channel (GLR) gene mutants. These results suggest that Ca(2+) influx mediated by GLR is the essential self-incompatibility response leading to self-pollen rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Iwano
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kanae Ito
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sota Fujii
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kakita
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Asano-Shimosato
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Motoko Igarashi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Pulla Kaothien-Nakayama
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tetsuyuki Entani
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Asaka Kanatani
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Masashi Takehisa
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiba
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takeharu Nagai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Brain Science Institute, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Seiji Takayama
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
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50
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Yan S, McLamore ES, Dong S, Gao H, Taguchi M, Wang N, Zhang T, Su X, Shen Y. The role of plasma membrane H(+) -ATPase in jasmonate-induced ion fluxes and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 83:638-49. [PMID: 26088926 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicits stomatal closure in many plant species. Stomatal closure is accompanied by large ion fluxes across the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we recorded the transmembrane ion fluxes of H(+) , Ca(2+) and K(+) in guard cells of wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis, the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) mutant coi1-1 and the PM H(+) -ATPase mutants aha1-6 and aha1-7, using a non-invasive micro-test technique. We showed that MeJA induced transmembrane H(+) efflux, Ca(2+) influx and K(+) efflux across the PM of Col-0 guard cells. However, this ion transport was abolished in coi1-1 guard cells, suggesting that MeJA-induced transmembrane ion flux requires COI1. Furthermore, the H(+) efflux and Ca(2+) influx in Col-0 guard cells was impaired by vanadate pre-treatment or PM H(+) -ATPase mutation, suggesting that the rapid H(+) efflux mediated by PM H(+) -ATPases could function upstream of the Ca(2+) flux. After the rapid H(+) efflux, the Col-0 guard cells had a longer oscillation period than before MeJA treatment, indicating that the activity of the PM H(+) -ATPase was reduced. Finally, the elevation of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and the depolarized PM drive the efflux of K(+) from the cell, resulting in loss of turgor and closure of the stomata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Yan
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Eric S McLamore
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Shanshan Dong
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haibo Gao
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Masashige Taguchi
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ningning Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaohua Su
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yingbai Shen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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