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Li M, Lebois LAM, Ridgewell C, Palermo CA, Winternitz S, Liu H, Kaufman M, Shinn AK. Functional connectivity of the auditory cortex in women with trauma-related disorders who hear voices. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00167-8. [PMID: 38944384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Voice-hearing' (VH) is a transdiagnostic experience that is common in trauma-related disorders (trauma-D). However, the neural substrates underlying trauma-related VH remain largely unexplored. While auditory perceptual dysfunction is among the abnormalities implicated in schizophrenia VH, whether VH in trauma-D also involves auditory perceptual alterations is unknown. METHODS We investigated auditory cortex (AC)-related functional connectivity (FC) in n=65 women with trauma-D related to childhood abuse with varying severities of VH. Using a novel, computationally-driven and individual-specific method of functionally parcellating the brain, we calculated the FC of two distinct AC subregions-Heschl's gyrus (HG, corresponding to primary AC) and lateral superior temporal gyrus (lSTG, in non-primary AC)- with both the cerebrum and cerebellum. We then measured the association between VH severity and FC using leave-one-out cross validation within the cerebrum, and voxel-wise multiple regression analyses in the cerebellum. RESULTS We found that VH severity positively correlated with left lSTG-frontoparietal network FC, while it negatively correlated with FC between left lSTG and both cerebral and cerebellar representations of the default mode network. VH severity was not predicted by FC of left HG or right AC subregions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to altered interactions between auditory perceptual processing and higher-level processes related to self-reference and executive functioning. This is the first study to show alterations in auditory cortical connectivity in trauma-related VH. While VH in trauma-D appears to be mediated by brain networks that are also implicated in schizophrenia VH, the results suggest a unique mechanism that could distinguish VH in trauma-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Li
- Division of Brain Sciences, Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lauren A M Lebois
- Depression and Anxiety Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Cori A Palermo
- Depression and Anxiety Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Sherry Winternitz
- Depression and Anxiety Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hesheng Liu
- Division of Brain Sciences, Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, China; Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Milissa Kaufman
- Depression and Anxiety Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ann K Shinn
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Cattarinussi G, Di Camillo F, Grimaldi DA, Sambataro F. Diagnostic value of regional homogeneity and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the classification of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01838-4. [PMID: 38914853 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD) show significant neurobiological and clinical overlap. In this study, we wanted to identify indexes of intrinsic brain activity that could differentiate these disorders. We compared the diagnostic value of the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) estimated from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a support vector machine classification of 59 healthy controls (HC), 40 individuals with SCZ, and 43 individuals with BD type I. The best performance, measured by balanced accuracy (BAC) for binary classification relative to HC was achieved by a stacking model (87.4% and 90.6% for SCZ and BD, respectively), with ReHo performing better than fALFF, both in SCZ (86.2% vs. 79.4%) and BD (89.9% vs. 76.9%). BD were better differentiated from HC by fronto-temporal ReHo and striato-temporo-thalamic fALFF. SCZ were better classified from HC using fronto-temporal-cerebellar ReHo and insulo-tempo-parietal-cerebellar fALFF. In conclusion, we provided evidence of widespread aberrancies of spontaneous activity and local connectivity in SCZ and BD, demonstrating that ReHo features exhibited superior discriminatory power compared to fALFF and achieved higher classification accuracies. Our results support the complementarity of these measures in the classification of SCZ and BD and suggest the potential for multivariate integration to improve diagnostic precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua, I-35128, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fabio Di Camillo
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua, I-35128, Italy
| | - David Antonio Grimaldi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua, I-35128, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua, I-35128, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
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Fattal J, Giljen M, Vargas T, Damme KSF, Calkins ME, Pinkham AE, Mittal VA. A Developmental Perspective on Early and Current Motor Abnormalities and Psychotic-Like Symptoms. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae062. [PMID: 38728386 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are prevalent in the general population and, because they represent a lower end of the psychosis vulnerability spectrum, may be useful in informing mechanistic understanding. Although it is well-understood that motor signs characterize formal psychotic disorders, the developmental trajectory of these features and their relationships with PLEs are less well-understood. STUDY DESIGN Data from 7559 adolescents and young adults (age 11-21) in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were used to investigate whether early-life milestone-attainment delays relate to current adolescent sensorimotor functioning and positive and negative PLEs. Current sensorimotor functioning was assessed using the Computerized Finger Tapping task (assessing motor slowing) and Mouse Practice task (assessing sensorimotor planning). STUDY RESULTS Early developmental abnormalities were related to current adolescent-aged motor slowing (t(7415.3) = -7.74, corrected-P < .001) and impaired sensorimotor planning (t(7502.5) = 5.57, corrected-P < .001). There was a significant interaction between developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning on positive and negative PLEs (t = 1.67-4.51), such that individuals with early developmental delays had a stronger positive relationship between sensorimotor dysfunction and PLEs. Importantly, interaction models were significantly better at explaining current PLEs than those treating early and current sensorimotor dysfunction independently (χ2 = 4.89-20.34). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a relationship between early developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning in psychosis proneness and inform an understanding of heterotypic continuity as well as a neurodevelopmental perspective of motor circuits. Furthermore, results indicate that motor signs are a clear factor in the psychosis continuum, suggesting that they may represent a core feature of psychosis vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Fattal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Maksim Giljen
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Vargas
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Cattarinussi G, Di Giorgio A, Sambataro F. Cerebellar dysconnectivity in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is associated with cognitive and clinical variables. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:497-506. [PMID: 38582653 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). However, the patterns of cerebellar dysconnectivity in these two disorders and their association with cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms have not been fully clarified. In this study, we examined cerebellar FC alterations in SCZ and BD-I and their association with cognition and psychotic symptoms. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of 39 SCZ, 43 BD-I, and 61 healthy controls from the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics dataset were examined. The cerebellum was parcellated into ten functional networks, and seed-based FC was calculated for each cerebellar system. Principal component analyses were used to reduce the dimensionality of the diagnosis-related FC and cognitive variables. Multiple regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between FC and cognitive and clinical data. RESULTS We observed decreased cerebellar FC with the frontal, temporal, occipital, and thalamic areas in individuals with SCZ, and a more widespread decrease in cerebellar FC in individuals with BD-I, involving the frontal, cingulate, parietal, temporal, occipital, and thalamic regions. SCZ had increased within-cerebellum and cerebellar frontal FC compared to BD-I. In BD-I, memory and verbal learning performances, which were higher compared to SCZ, showed a greater interaction with cerebellar FC patterns. Additionally, patterns of increased cortico-cerebellar FC were marginally associated with positive symptoms in patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that shared and distinct patterns of cortico-cerebellar dysconnectivity in SCZ and BD-I could underlie cognitive impairments and psychotic symptoms in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Department of Mental Health and Addictions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Hamzehpour L, Bohn T, Dutsch V, Jaspers L, Grimm O. From brain to body: exploring the connection between altered reward processing and physical fitness in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115877. [PMID: 38555826 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the underlying mechanisms that link psychopathology and physical comorbidities in schizophrenia is crucial since decreased physical fitness and overweight pose major risk factors for cardio-vascular diseases and decrease the patients' life expectancies. We hypothesize that altered reward anticipation plays an important role in this. We implemented the Monetary Incentive Delay task in a MR scanner and a fitness test battery to compare schizophrenia patients (SZ, n = 43) with sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 36) as to reward processing and their physical fitness. We found differences in reward anticipation between SZs and HCs, whereby increased activity in HCs positively correlated with overall physical condition and negatively correlated with psychopathology. On the other handy, SZs revealed stronger activity in the posterior cingulate cortex and in cerebellar regions during reward anticipation, which could be linked to decreased overall physical fitness. These findings demonstrate that a dysregulated reward system is not only responsible for the symptomatology of schizophrenia, but might also be involved in physical comorbidities which could pave the way for future lifestyle therapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hamzehpour
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Faculty 15 Biological Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Tamara Bohn
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Valentin Dutsch
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucia Jaspers
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Oliver Grimm
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 10 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Gillespie B, Panthi S, Sundram S, Hill RA. The impact of maternal immune activation on GABAergic interneuron development: A systematic review of rodent studies and their translational implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105488. [PMID: 38042358 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Mothers exposed to infections during pregnancy disproportionally birth children who develop autism and schizophrenia, disorders associated with altered GABAergic function. The maternal immune activation (MIA) model recapitulates this risk factor, with many studies also reporting disruptions to GABAergic interneuron expression, protein, cellular density and function. However, it is unclear if there are species, sex, age, region, or GABAergic subtype specific vulnerabilities to MIA. Furthermore, to fully comprehend the impact of MIA on the GABAergic system a synthesised account of molecular, cellular, electrophysiological and behavioural findings was required. To this end we conducted a systematic review of GABAergic interneuron changes in the MIA model, focusing on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We reviewed 102 articles that revealed robust changes in a number of GABAergic markers that present as gestationally-specific, region-specific and sometimes sex-specific. Disruptions to GABAergic markers coincided with distinct behavioural phenotypes, including memory, sensorimotor gating, anxiety, and sociability. Findings suggest the MIA model is a valid tool for testing novel therapeutics designed to recover GABAergic function and associated behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Sandesh Panthi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Rachel A Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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Shinn AK, Hurtado-Puerto AM, Roh YS, Ho V, Hwang M, Cohen BM, Öngür D, Camprodon JA. Cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychotic disorders: intermittent, continuous, and sham theta-burst stimulation on time perception and symptom severity. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1218321. [PMID: 38025437 PMCID: PMC10679721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The cerebellum contributes to the precise timing of non-motor and motor functions, and cerebellum abnormalities have been implicated in psychosis pathophysiology. In this study, we explored the effects of cerebellar theta burst stimulation (TBS), an efficient transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol, on temporal discrimination and self-reported mood and psychotic symptoms. Methods We conducted a case-crossover study in which patients with psychosis (schizophrenias, schizoaffective disorders, or bipolar disorders with psychotic features) were assigned to three sessions of TBS to the cerebellar vermis: one session each of intermittent (iTBS), continuous (cTBS), and sham TBS. Of 28 enrolled patients, 26 underwent at least one TBS session, and 20 completed all three. Before and immediately following TBS, participants rated their mood and psychotic symptoms and performed a time interval discrimination task (IDT). We hypothesized that cerebellar iTBS and cTBS would modulate these measures in opposing directions, with iTBS being adaptive and cTBS maladaptive. Results Reaction time (RT) in the IDT decreased significantly after iTBS vs. Sham (LS-mean difference = -73.3, p = 0.0001, Cohen's d = 1.62), after iTBS vs. cTBS (LS-mean difference = -137.6, p < 0.0001, d = 2.03), and after Sham vs. cTBS (LS-mean difference = -64.4, p < 0.0001, d = 1.33). We found no effect on IDT accuracy. We did not observe any effects on symptom severity after correcting for multiple comparisons. Conclusion We observed a frequency-dependent dissociation between the effects of iTBS vs. cTBS to the cerebellar midline on the reaction time of interval discrimination in patients with psychosis. iTBS showed improved (adaptive) while cTBS led to worsening (maladaptive) speed of response. These results demonstrate behavioral target engagement in a cognitive dimension of relevance to patients with psychosis and generate testable hypotheses about the potential therapeutic role of cerebellar iTBS in this clinical population. Clinical Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02642029.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann K. Shinn
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aura M. Hurtado-Puerto
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Youkyung S. Roh
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Victoria Ho
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa Hwang
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Bruce M. Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Program for Neuropsychiatric Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Dost Öngür
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joan A. Camprodon
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Goena J, Alústiza I, Vidal-Adroher C, Garcés MS, Fernández M, Molero P, García-Eulate R, Fernández-Seara M, Ortuño F. Time discrimination and change detection could share a common brain network: findings of a task-based fMRI study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1110972. [PMID: 37529319 PMCID: PMC10390230 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Over the past few years, several studies have described the brain activation pattern related to both time discrimination (TD) and change detection processes. We hypothesize that both processes share a common brain network which may play a significant role in more complex cognitive processes. The main goal of this proof-of-concept study is to describe the pattern of brain activity involved in TD and oddball detection (OD) paradigms, and in processes requiring higher cognitive effort. Methods We designed an experimental task, including an auditory test tool to assess TD and OD paradigms, which was conducted under functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 14 healthy participants. We added a cognitive control component into both paradigms in our test tool. We used the general linear model (GLM) to analyze the individual fMRI data images and the random effects model for group inference. Results We defined the areas of brain activation related to TD and OD paradigms. We performed a conjunction analysis of contrast TD (task > control) and OD (task > control) patterns, finding both similarities and significant differences between them. Discussion We conclude that change detection and other cognitive processes requiring an increase in cognitive effort require participation of overlapping functional and neuroanatomical components, suggesting the presence of a common time and change detection network. This is of particular relevance for future research on normal cognitive functioning in the healthy population, as well as for the study of cognitive impairment and clinical manifestations associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Goena
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Irene Alústiza
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Vidal-Adroher
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Sol Garcés
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Colegio de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Fernández
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricio Molero
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Reyes García-Eulate
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Seara
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortuño
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Witkowski G, Januszko P, Skalski M, Mach A, Wawrzyniak ZM, Poleszak E, Ciszek B, Radziwoń-Zaleska M. Factors Contributing to Risk of Persistence of Positive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia during Hospitalization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4592. [PMID: 36901603 PMCID: PMC10001938 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate factors that may contribute to the persistence of positive, negative and other psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia. All patients were treated in general psychiatric wards between January 2006 and December 2017. The initial study sample comprised of the medical reports of 600 patients. The main, specified inclusion criterion for the study was schizophrenia as a discharge diagnosis. Medical reports of 262 patients were excluded from the study due to no neuroimaging scans being available. The symptoms were categorised into three groups: positive, negative, and other psychopathological symptoms. The statistical analysis comprised modalities such as demographic data, clinical symptoms, as well as neuroimaging scans linking them to a potential impact of sustaining the mentioned groups of symptoms during the period of hospitalization. The analysis revealed that statistically significant risk factors of persistence of the three groups of symptoms are the elderly age, the increasing toll of hospitalizations, suicidal attempts in medical history, a family history of alcohol abuse, the presence of positive, negative and other psychopathological symptoms on admission to the hospital, as well as the absence of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP). The study showed that addiction to psychotropic drugs and a family history of schizophrenia were more frequent in patients with persistent CSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Witkowski
- Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Januszko
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Skalski
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Mach
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Maciej Wawrzyniak
- Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bogdan Ciszek
- Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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Fan YS, Xu Y, Li Q, Chen Y, Guo X, Yang S, Guo J, Sheng W, Wang C, Gao Q, Chen H. Systematically mapping gray matter abnormal patterns in drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia from childhood to adolescence. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1452-1461. [PMID: 35396845 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia originates early in neurodevelopment, underscoring the need to elaborate on anomalies in the still maturing brain of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS). METHODS Gray matter (GM) volumes were evaluated in 94 antipsychotic-naïve first-episode EOS patients and 100 typically developing (TD) controls. The anatomical profiles of changing GM deficits in EOS were detected using 2-way analyses of variance with diagnosis and age as factors, and its timing was further charted using stage-specific group comparisons. Interregional relationships of GM alterations were established using structural covariance network analyses. RESULTS Antagonistic interaction results suggested dynamic GM abnormalities of the left fusiform gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, and lingual gyrus in EOS. These regions comprise a dominating part of the ventral stream, a ventral occipitotemporal (vOT) network engaged in early social information processing. GM abnormalities were mainly located in the vOT regions in childhood-onset patients, whereas in the rostral prefrontal cortex (rPFC) in adolescent-onset patients. Moreover, compared with TD controls, patients' GM synchronization with the ventral stream was disrupted in widespread high-order social perception regions including the rPFC and salience network. CONCLUSIONS The current findings reveal age-related anatomical abnormalities of the social perception system in pediatric patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shuang Fan
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yuyan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaonan Guo
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Chong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Qing Gao
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation; High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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11
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Cognitive Optimisation and Schizophrenia: Assembling Heterogeneity, Overcoming the Precariousness of Life, and Challenging Public Health Policies in Psychiatry in France. Cult Med Psychiatry 2022; 46:710-738. [PMID: 34390458 DOI: 10.1007/s11013-021-09745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) aims to optimise cognitive abilities of people who suffer from schizophrenia in order to improve their social adaptation. This therapeutic orientation was developed in psychiatry in the 1980s and 1990s, at a time when the disorder was being redefined as a neurocognitive deficit disorder. In this article, I describe CRT as an assemblage that lies at the intersection of multiple, overlapping theories and spaces of mental disorders and psychiatric care. To do so, I draw on 18 months of ethnographic research conducted in a French hospital unit dedicated to the development of CRT. I argue that the focus on cognitive health and cognitive abilities (or deficits) is not only redefining the logics of care and reshaping medical conceptualisations of schizophrenia, but it is also opening up to a new understanding of people's precarious life conditions, where emotional, biological, and cognitive fragility is intertwined with social and economic uncertainty. I then examine the extent to which psychiatrists have extended the goals of CRT to include psychosocial rehabilitation in order to mitigate not only the effects of cognitive deficits, but also the effects of limited social and professional integration encountered by patients. Finally, I conclude with a consideration of how CRT has become, for its proponents in France, a means to develop a policy and organisational project for French psychiatry.
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12
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Frosch IR, Damme KSF, Bernard JA, Mittal VA. Cerebellar correlates of social dysfunction among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1027470. [PMID: 36532176 PMCID: PMC9752902 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1027470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social deficits are a significant feature among both individuals with psychosis and those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. Critically, the psychosis risk syndrome emerges in adolescence and young adulthood, when social skill development is being fine-tuned. Yet, the underlying pathophysiology of social deficits in individuals at CHR for psychosis remains unclear. Literature suggests the cerebellum plays a critical role in social functioning. Cerebellar dysfunction in psychosis and CHR individuals is well-established, yet limited research has examined links between the cerebellum and social functioning deficits in this critical population. Method In the current study, 68 individuals at CHR for developing psychosis and 66 healthy controls (HCs) completed social processing measures (examining social interaction, social cognition, and global social functioning) and resting-state MRI scans. Seed-to-voxel resting-state connectivity analyses were employed to examine the relationship between social deficits and lobular cerebellar network connectivity. Results Analyses indicated that within the CHR group, each social domain variable was linked to reduced connectivity between social cerebellar subregions (e.g., Crus II, lobules VIIIa and VIIIb) and cortical regions (e.g., frontal pole and frontal gyrus), but a control cerebellar subregion (e.g., lobule X) and was unrelated to these social variables. Discussion These results indicate an association between several cerebellar lobules and specific deficits in social processing. The cerebellum, therefore, may be particularly salient to the social domain and future research is need to examine the role of the cerebellum in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R. Frosch
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Katherine S. F. Damme
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jessica A. Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Vijay A. Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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13
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Scheliga S, Schwank R, Scholle R, Habel U, Kellermann T. A neural mechanism underlying predictive visual motion processing in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2022; 318:114934. [PMID: 36347125 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Psychotic symptoms may be traced back to sensory sensitivity. Thereby, visual motion (VM) processing particularly has been suggested to be impaired in schizophrenia (SCZ). In healthy brains, VM underlies predictive processing within hierarchically structured systems. However, less is known about predictive VM processing in SCZ. Therefore, we performed fMRI during a VM paradigm with three conditions of varying predictability, i.e., Predictable-, Random-, and Arbitrary motion. The study sample comprised 17 SCZ patients and 23 healthy controls. We calculated general linear model (GLM) analysis to assess group differences in VM processing across motion conditions. Here, we identified significantly lower activity in right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) for SCZ patients. Therefore, right TPJ was set as seed for connectivity analyses. For patients, across conditions we identified increased connections to higher regions, namely medial prefrontal cortex, or paracingulate gyrus. Healthy subjects activated sensory regions as area V5, or superior parietal lobule. Reduced TPJ activity may reflect both a failure in the bottom-up flow of visual information and a decrease of signal processing as consequence of increased top-down input from frontal areas. In sum, these altered neural patterns provide a framework for future studies focusing on predictive VM processing to identify potential biomarkers of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Scheliga
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH, Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rosalie Schwank
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH, Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruben Scholle
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH, Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH, Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thilo Kellermann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH, Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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14
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Moussa-Tooks AB, Rogers BP, Huang AS, Sheffield JM, Heckers S, Woodward ND. Cerebellar Structure and Cognitive Ability in Psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:385-395. [PMID: 35680432 PMCID: PMC9378489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysconnectivity theories, combined with advances in fundamental cognitive neuroscience, have led to increased interest in characterizing cerebellar abnormalities in psychosis. Smaller cerebellar gray matter volume has been found in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, the course of these deficits across illness stage, specificity to schizophrenia (vs. psychosis more broadly), and relationship to clinical phenotypes, primarily cognitive impairment, remain unclear. METHODS The Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial toolbox, a gold standard for analyzing human neuroimaging data of the cerebellum, was used to quantify cerebellar volumes and conduct voxel-based morphometry on structural magnetic resonance images obtained from 574 individuals (249 schizophrenia spectrum, 108 bipolar with psychotic features, 217 nonpsychiatric control). Analyses examining diagnosis (schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar disorder), illness stage (early, chronic), and cognitive effects on cerebellum structure in psychosis were performed. RESULTS Cerebellar structure in psychosis did not differ significantly from healthy participants, regardless of diagnosis and illness stage (effect size = 0.01-0.14). In contrast, low premorbid cognitive functioning was associated with smaller whole and regional cerebellum volumes, including cognitive (lobules VI and VII, Crus I, frontoparietal and attention networks) and motor (lobules I-IV, V, and X; somatomotor network) regions in psychosis (effect size = 0.36-0.60). These effects were not present in psychosis cohorts with average estimated premorbid cognition. CONCLUSIONS Cerebellar structural abnormalities in psychosis are related to lower premorbid cognitive functioning implicating early antecedents, atypical neurodevelopment, or both in cerebellar dysfunction. Future research focused on identifying the impact of early-life risk factors for psychosis on the development of the cerebellum and cognition is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra B Moussa-Tooks
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Baxter P Rogers
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna S Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julia M Sheffield
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Stephan Heckers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Neil D Woodward
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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15
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Vanes LD, Murray RM, Nosarti C. Adult outcome of preterm birth: Implications for neurodevelopmental theories of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2022; 247:41-54. [PMID: 34006427 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with an elevated risk of developmental and adult psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. In this review, we evaluate the implications of neurodevelopmental, cognitive, motor, and social sequelae of preterm birth for developing psychosis, with an emphasis on outcomes observed in adulthood. Abnormal brain development precipitated by early exposure to the extra-uterine environment, and exacerbated by neuroinflammation, neonatal brain injury, and genetic vulnerability, can result in alterations of brain structure and function persisting into adulthood. These alterations, including abnormal regional brain volumes and white matter macro- and micro-structure, can critically impair functional (e.g. frontoparietal and thalamocortical) network connectivity in a manner characteristic of psychotic illness. The resulting executive, social, and motor dysfunctions may constitute the basis for behavioural vulnerability ultimately giving rise to psychotic symptomatology. There are many pathways to psychosis, but elucidating more precisely the mechanisms whereby preterm birth increases risk may shed light on that route consequent upon early neurodevelopmental insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy D Vanes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, UK; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, UK; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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16
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Lozano-Goupil J, Raffard S, Capdevielle D, Aigoin E, Marin L. Gesture-speech synchrony in schizophrenia: A pilot study using a kinematic-acoustic analysis. Neuropsychologia 2022; 174:108347. [PMID: 35970254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Severe impairment of social functioning is the core feature of schizophrenia that persists despite treatment, and contributes to chronic functional disability. Abnormal non-verbal behaviors have been reported during interpersonal interactions but the temporal coordination of co-speech gestures with language abilities have been poorly studied to date in this pathology. Using the dynamical systems framework, the goal of the current study was to investigate whether gestures and speech synchrony is impaired in schizophrenia, exploring a new approach to report communicational skill disorders. Performing the first continuous kinematic-acoustic analysis in individuals with schizophrenia, we examined gesture-speech synchrony in solo spontaneous speech and in sensorimotor synchronization task. The experimental group consisted of twenty-eight participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and the control group consisted of twenty-four healthy participants age-gender-education matched. The results showed that spontaneous gesture-speech synchrony was preserved while intentional finger tapping-speech synchrony was impaired. In sensorimotor synchronization task, the schizophrenia group displayed greater asynchronies between finger tapping and syllable uttering and lower stability of coordination patterns. These findings suggest a specific deficit in time delay of information circulation and processing, especially in explicit functions. Thus, investigating intrapersonal coordination in schizophrenia may constitute a promising window into brain/behavior dynamic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Lozano-Goupil
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France.
| | - Stéphane Raffard
- Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON EA, 4556, Montpellier, France; University Department of Adult Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Emilie Aigoin
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - Ludovic Marin
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
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17
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Amadeo MB, Esposito D, Escelsior A, Campus C, Inuggi A, Pereira Da Silva B, Serafini G, Amore M, Gori M. Time in schizophrenia: a link between psychopathology, psychophysics and technology. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:331. [PMID: 35961974 PMCID: PMC9374791 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely demonstrated that time processing is altered in patients with schizophrenia. This perspective review delves into such temporal deficit and highlights its link to low-level sensory alterations, which are often overlooked in rehabilitation protocols for psychosis. However, if temporal impairment at the sensory level is inherent to the disease, new interventions should focus on this dimension. Beyond more traditional types of intervention, here we review the most recent digital technologies for rehabilitation and the most promising ones for sensory training. The overall aim is to synthesise existing literature on time in schizophrenia linking psychopathology, psychophysics, and technology to help future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bianca Amadeo
- U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy. .,Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa - Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC-Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE), Italy.
| | - Davide Esposito
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Campus
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy
| | - Alberto Inuggi
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy
| | - Beatriz Pereira Da Silva
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Gori
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907U-VIP Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Applied Neurosciences for Technological Advances in Rehabilitation Systems (ANTARES) Joint Lab: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa – Clinica Psichiatrica ed SPDC—Italian Institute of Technology (IIT); Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10 - 16132, Genoa, (GE) Italy
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18
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Tonna M, Lucarini V, Lucchese J, Presta V, Paraboschi F, Marsella F, Daniel BD, Vitale M, Marchesi C, Gobbi G. Posture, gait and self‐disorders: An empirical study in individuals with schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 17:447-461. [PMID: 37156494 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In schizophrenia, subjectively perceived disruptions of the sense of the Self (also referred to as "self-disorders") seem to be intimately associated with a perturbation of the implicit awareness of one's own body. Indeed, an early impairment of the motor system, including posture and gait, is now considered a marker of schizophrenia neurodevelopmental substrate and appears more pronounced in early-onset schizophrenia. Therefore, the present study was aimed at: (1) investigating a possible relationship between self-disorders, symptom dimensions and postural and gait profile in schizophrenia; (2) identifying a specific motor profile in early-onset conditions. METHODS A total of 43 schizophrenia outpatients and 38 healthy controls underwent an exhaustive investigation of posture and gait pattern. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), the examination of anomalous self experience scale (EASE) and the abnormal involuntary movement scale (AIMS) were administered to the schizophrenia group. Subsequently, schizophrenia patients were divided into early and adult-onset subgroups and compared with respect to their motor profile. RESULTS We found an association between specific postural patterns (impaired sway area), a general disruption of the gait cycle and subjective bodily experiences (concerning the loss of bodily integrity, cohesion and demarcation). Only motor parameters (increased sway area and gait cadence reduction) differentiated between early and adult-onset patients. CONCLUSION The results of the present study hint at a link between motor impairment and self-disturbances in schizophrenia and candidate a specific motor profile as a possible marker of early-onset forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Service, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Lucchese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Presta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Marsella
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Service, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Movement Analysis Laboratory (LAM), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Marchesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Service, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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19
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Tagawa M, Takei Y, Kato Y, Suto T, Hironaga N, Ohki T, Takahashi Y, Fujihara K, Sakurai N, Ujita K, Tsushima Y, Fukuda M. Disrupted local beta band networks in schizophrenia revealed through graph analysis: A magnetoencephalography study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:309-320. [PMID: 35397141 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment, and is hypothesized to be a 'dysconnection' syndrome due to abnormal neural network formation. Although numerous studies have helped elucidate the pathophysiology of SZ, many aspects of the mechanism underlying psychotic symptoms remain unknown. This study used graph theory analysis to evaluate the characteristics of the resting-state network (RSN) in terms of microscale and macroscale indices, and to identify candidates as potential biomarkers of SZ. Specifically, we discriminated topological characteristics in the frequency domain and investigated them in the context of psychotic symptoms in patients with SZ. METHODS We performed graph theory analysis of electrophysiological RSN data using magnetoencephalography to compare topological characteristics represented by microscale (degree centrality and clustering coefficient) and macroscale (global efficiency, local efficiency, and small-worldness) indices in 29 patients with SZ and 38 healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the aberrant topological characteristics of the RSN in patients with SZ and their relationship with SZ symptoms. RESULTS SZ was associated with a decreased clustering coefficient, local efficiency, and small-worldness, especially in the high beta band. In addition, macroscale changes in the low beta band are closely associated with negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The local networks of patients with SZ may disintegrate at both the microscale and macroscale levels, mainly in the beta band. Adopting an electrophysiological perspective of SZ as a failure to form local networks in the beta band will provide deeper insights into the pathophysiology of SZ as a 'dysconnection' syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Tagawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Gunma Prefectural Psychiatric Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takei
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Tsutsuji Mental Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Suto
- Gunma Prefectural Psychiatric Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Naruhito Hironaga
- Brain Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takefumi Ohki
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Fujihara
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Noriko Sakurai
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Koichi Ujita
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masato Fukuda
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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20
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Wada M, Noda Y, Iwata Y, Tsugawa S, Yoshida K, Tani H, Hirano Y, Koike S, Sasabayashi D, Katayama H, Plitman E, Ohi K, Ueno F, Caravaggio F, Koizumi T, Gerretsen P, Suzuki T, Uchida H, Müller DJ, Mimura M, Remington G, Grace AA, Graff-Guerrero A, Nakajima S. Dopaminergic dysfunction and excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in treatment-resistant schizophrenia and novel neuromodulatory treatment. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2950-2967. [PMID: 35444257 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs are the mainstay in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, one-third of patients do not show adequate improvement in positive symptoms with non-clozapine antipsychotics. Additionally, approximately half of them show poor response to clozapine, electroconvulsive therapy, or other augmentation strategies. However, the development of novel treatment for these conditions is difficult due to the complex and heterogenous pathophysiology of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Therefore, this review provides key findings, potential treatments, and a roadmap for future research in this area. First, we review the neurobiological pathophysiology of TRS, particularly the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic pathways. Next, the limitations of existing and promising treatments are presented. Specifically, this article focuses on the therapeutic potential of neuromodulation, including electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and deep brain stimulation. Finally, we propose multivariate analyses that integrate various perspectives of the pathogenesis, such as dopaminergic dysfunction and excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, thereby elucidating the heterogeneity of TRS that could not be obtained by conventional statistics. These analyses can in turn lead to a precision medicine approach with closed-loop neuromodulation targeting the detected pathophysiology of TRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Wada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi Faculty of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sakiko Tsugawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hideaki Tani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Katayama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Plitman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fernando Caravaggio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Teruki Koizumi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Takefumi Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi Faculty of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uchida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gary Remington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony A Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
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21
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Zhao X, Yao J, Lv Y, Zhang X, Han C, Chen L, Ren F, Zhou Q, Jin Z, Li Y, Du Y, Sui Y. Facial emotion perception abilities are related to grey matter volume in the culmen of cerebellum anterior lobe in drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2072-2085. [PMID: 35751735 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Impaired capability for understanding and interpreting the expressions on other people's faces manifests itself as a core feature of schizophrenia, contributing to social dysfunction. With the purpose of better understanding of the neurobiological basis of facial emotion perception deficits in schizophrenia, we investigated facial emotion perception abilities and regional structural brain abnormalities in drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia, and then examined the correlation between them. Fifty-two drug-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 29 group-matched healthy controls were examined for facial emotion perception abilities assessed with the Facial Emotion Categorization and performed magnetic resonance imaging. The Facial Emotion Categorization data were inserted into a logistic function model so as to calculate shift point and slope as outcome measurements. Voxel-based morphometry was applied to investigate regional grey matter volume (GMV) alterations. The relationship between facial emotion perception and GMV was explored in patients using voxel-wise correlation analysis within brain regions that showed a significant GMV alterations in patients compared with controls. The schizophrenic patients performed differently on Facial Emotion Categorization tasks from the controls and presented a higher shift point and a steeper slope. Relative to the controls, patients showed GMV reductions in the superior temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, parahippocampa gyrus, posterior cingulate, the culmen of cerebellum anterior lobe, cerebellar tonsil, and the declive of cerebellum posterior lobe. Importantly, abnormal performance on Facial Emotion Categorization was found correlated with GMV alterations in the culmen of cerebellum anterior lobe in schizophrenia. This study suggests that reduced GMV in the culmen of cerebellum anterior lobe occurs in first-episode schizophrenia, constituting a potential neuropathological basis for the impaired facial emotion perception in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | | | - Yiding Lv
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | | | - Chongyang Han
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Fangfang Ren
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhuma Jin
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yasong Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yuxiu Sui
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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22
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Xie Y, He Y, Guan M, Zhou G, Wang Z, Ma Z, Wang H, Yin H. Impact of low-frequency rTMS on functional connectivity of the dentate nucleus subdomains in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucination. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 149:87-96. [PMID: 35259665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is effective in treating schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), the underlying neural mechanisms of the effect still need to be clarified. Using the cerebellar dentate nucleus (DN) subdomain (dorsal and versal DN) as seeds, the present study investigated resting state functional connectivity (FC) alternations of the seeds with the whole brain and their associations with clinical responses in schizophrenia patients with AVH receiving 1 Hz rTMS treatment. The results showed that the rTMS treatment improved the psychiatric symptoms (e.g., AVH and positive symptoms) and certain neurocognitive functions (e.g., visual learning and verbal learning) in the patients. In addition, the patients at baseline showed increased FC between the DN subdomains and temporal lobes (e.g., right superior temporal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus) and decreased FC between the DN subdomains and the left superior frontal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, left supramarginal gyrus and regional cerebellum (e.g., lobule 4-5) compared to controls. Furthermore, these abnormal DN subdomain connectivity patterns did not persist and decreased FC of DN subdomains with cerebellum lobule 4-5 were reversed in patients after rTMS treatment. Linear regression analysis showed that the FC difference values of DN subdomains with the temporal lobes, supramarginal gyrus and cerebellum 4-5 between the patients at baseline and posttreatment were associated with clinical improvements (e.g., AVH and verbal learning) after rTMS treatment. The results suggested that rTMS treatment may modulate the neural circuits of the DN subdomains and hint to underlying neural mechanisms for low-frequency rTMS treating schizophrenia with AVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Xie
- School of Education, Xinyang College, Xinyang, China; Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ying He
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muzhen Guan
- Department of Mental Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Zhongheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhujing Ma
- Department of Military Psychology, School of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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23
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Cornelis C, De Picker LJ, Coppens V, Morsel A, Timmers M, Dumont G, Sabbe BGC, Morrens M, Hulstijn W. Impaired Sensorimotor Adaption in Schizophrenia in Comparison to Age-Matched and Elderly Controls. Neuropsychobiology 2022; 81:127-140. [PMID: 34731860 DOI: 10.1159/000518867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "cognitive dysmetria hypothesis" of schizophrenia proposes a disrupted communication between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, resulting in sensorimotor and cognitive symptoms. Sensorimotor adaptation relies strongly on the function of the cerebellum. OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether sensorimotor adaptation is reduced in schizophrenia compared with age-matched and elderly healthy controls. METHODS Twenty-nine stably treated patients with schizophrenia, 30 age-matched, and 30 elderly controls were tested in three motor adaptation tasks in which visual movement feedback was unexpectedly altered. In the "rotation adaptation task" the perturbation consisted of a rotation (30° clockwise), in the "gain adaptation task" the extent of the movement feedback was reduced (by a factor of 0.7) and in the "vertical reversal task," up- and downward pen movements were reversed by 180°. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia adapted to the perturbations, but their movement times and errors were substantially larger than controls. Unexpectedly, the magnitude of adaptation was significantly smaller in schizophrenia than elderly participants. The impairment already occurred during the first adaptation trials, pointing to a decline in explicit strategy use. Additionally, post-adaptation aftereffects provided strong evidence for impaired implicit adaptation learning. Both negative and positive schizophrenia symptom severities were correlated with indices of the amount of adaptation and its aftereffects. CONCLUSIONS Both explicit and implicit components of sensorimotor adaptation learning were reduced in patients with schizophrenia, adding to the evidence for a role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Elderly individuals outperformed schizophrenia patients in the adaptation learning tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cornelis
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Psychiatric Center Multiversum, Mortsel, Belgium
| | - Livia J De Picker
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Center Duffel, Duffel, Belgium
| | - Violette Coppens
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne Morsel
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maarten Timmers
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Glenn Dumont
- AMC, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard G C Sabbe
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Center Duffel, Duffel, Belgium
| | - Manuel Morrens
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,University Psychiatric Center Duffel, Duffel, Belgium
| | - Wouter Hulstijn
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Psychiatric Center Multiversum, Mortsel, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Cerebello-limbic functional connectivity patterns in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:220-227. [PMID: 35074702 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis can present not only with characteristic attenuated psychotic symptoms but also may have other comorbid conditions, including anxiety and depression. These undifferentiated mood symptoms can overlap with the clinical presentation of youth with Distress syndromes. Increased resting-state functional connectivity within cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) pathways has been proposed as a trait-specific biomarker for CHR. However, it is unclear whether this functional neural signature remains specific when compared to a different risk group: youth with Distress syndromes. The purpose of the present work was to describe CTC alterations that distinguish between CHR and Distressed individuals. Using machine learning algorithms, we analyzed CTC connectivity features of CHR (n = 51), Distressed (n = 41), and healthy control (n = 36) participants. We found four cerebellar (lobes VII and left Crus II anterior/posterior) and two basal ganglia (right putamen and right thalamus) nodes containing a set of specific connectivity features that distinguished between CHR, Distressed and healthy control groups. Hyperconnectivity between medial lobule VIIb, somatomotor network and middle temporal gyrus was associated with CHR status and more severe symptoms. Detailed atlas parcellation suggested that CHR individuals may have dysfunction mainly within the associative (cognitive) pathways, particularly, between those brain areas responsible for the multi-sensory signal integration.
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25
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Sharaev M, Malashenkova I, Maslennikova A, Zakharova N, Bernstein A, Burnaev E, Mamedova G, Krynskiy S, Ogurtsov D, Kondrateva E, Druzhinina P, Zubrikhina M, Arkhipov A, Strelets V, Ushakov V. Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Based on the Data of Various Modalities: Biomarkers and Machine Learning Techniques (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2022; 14:53-75. [PMID: 37181835 PMCID: PMC10171060 DOI: 10.17691/stm2022.14.5.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a socially significant mental disorder resulting frequently in severe forms of disability. Diagnosis, choice of treatment tactics, and rehabilitation in clinical psychiatry are mainly based on the assessment of behavioral patterns, socio-demographic data, and other investigations such as clinical observations and neuropsychological testing including examination of patients by the psychiatrist, self-reports, and questionnaires. In many respects, these data are subjective and therefore a large number of works have appeared in recent years devoted to the search for objective characteristics (indices, biomarkers) of the processes going on in the human body and reflected in the behavioral and psychoneurological patterns of patients. Such biomarkers are based on the results of instrumental and laboratory studies (neuroimaging, electro-physiological, biochemical, immunological, genetic, and others) and are successfully being used in neurosciences for understanding the mechanisms of the emergence and development of nervous system pathologies. Presently, with the advent of new effective neuroimaging, laboratory, and other methods of investigation and also with the development of modern methods of data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, a great number of scientific and clinical studies is being conducted devoted to the search for the markers which have diagnostic and prognostic value and may be used in clinical practice to objectivize the processes of establishing and clarifying the diagnosis, choosing and optimizing treatment and rehabilitation tactics, predicting the course and outcome of the disease. This review presents the analysis of the works which describe the correlates between the diagnosis of schizophrenia, established by health professionals, various manifestations of the psychiatric disorder (its subtype, variant of the course, severity degree, observed symptoms, etc.), and objectively measured characteristics/quantitative indicators (anatomical, functional, immunological, genetic, and others) obtained during instrumental and laboratory examinations of patients. A considerable part of these works has been devoted to correlates/biomarkers of schizophrenia based on the data of structural and functional (at rest and under cognitive load) MRI, EEG, tractography, and immunological data. The found correlates/biomarkers reflect anatomic disorders in the specific brain regions, impairment of functional activity of brain regions and their interconnections, specific microstructure of the brain white matter and the levels of connectivity between the tracts of various structures, alterations of electrical activity in various parts of the brain in different EEG spectral ranges, as well as changes in the innate and adaptive links of immunity. Current methods of data analysis and machine learning to search for schizophrenia biomarkers using the data of diverse modalities and their application during building and interpretation of predictive diagnostic models of schizophrenia have been considered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.G. Sharaev
- Senior Researcher; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia; Department Senior Researcher; N.A. Alekseyev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No.1, 2 Zagorodnoye Shosse, Moscow, 117152, Russia
- Corresponding author: Maksim G. Sharaev, e-mail:
| | - I.K. Malashenkova
- Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Virology; National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1 Akademika Kurchatova Square, Moscow, 123182, Russia; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 1A Malaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - A.V. Maslennikova
- Researcher, Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5A Butlerova St., Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - N.V. Zakharova
- Head of the Laboratory for Fundamental Research Methods, Research Clinical Center of Neuropsychiatry; N.A. Alekseyev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No.1, 2 Zagorodnoye Shosse, Moscow, 117152, Russia
| | - A.V. Bernstein
- Professor, Professor of the Center of Applied Artificial Intelligence; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - E.V. Burnaev
- Associate Professor, Professor of the Center of Applied Artificial Intelligence; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - G.S. Mamedova
- Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Fundamental Research Methods, Research Clinical Center of Neuropsychiatry; N.A. Alekseyev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No.1, 2 Zagorodnoye Shosse, Moscow, 117152, Russia
| | - S.A. Krynskiy
- Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Virology; National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1 Akademika Kurchatova Square, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - D.P. Ogurtsov
- Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Virology; National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1 Akademika Kurchatova Square, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - E.A. Kondrateva
- PhD Student; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - P.V. Druzhinina
- PhD Student; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - M.O. Zubrikhina
- PhD Student; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bldg 1, 30 Bolshoy Boulevard, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - A.Yu. Arkhipov
- Researcher, Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5A Butlerova St., Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - V.B. Strelets
- Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5A Butlerova St., Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - V.L. Ushakov
- Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Institute for Advanced Brain Research; Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosov Avenue, Moscow, 119192, Russia; Head of the Department; N.A. Alekseyev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No.1, 2 Zagorodnoye Shosse, Moscow, 117152, Russia; Senior Researcher; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115409, Russia
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26
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Starowicz-Filip A, Prochwicz K, Kłosowska J, Chrobak AA, Myszka A, Bętkowska-Korpała B, Kwinta B. Cerebellar Functional Lateralization From the Perspective of Clinical Neuropsychology. Front Psychol 2021; 12:775308. [PMID: 34955995 PMCID: PMC8703197 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.775308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The cerebellar functional laterality, with its right hemisphere predominantly involved in verbal performance and the left one engaged in visuospatial processes, has strong empirical support. However, the clinical observation and single research results show that the damage to the right cerebellar hemisphere may cause extralinguistic and more global cognitive decline. The aim of our research was to assess the pattern of cognitive functioning, depending on the cerebellar lesion side, with particular emphasis on the damage to the right cerebellar hemisphere. Method: The study sample consisted of 31 patients with focal cerebellar lesions and 31 controls, free of organic brain damage. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination ACE III and the Trail Making Test TMT were used to assess patients’ cognitive functioning. Results: Left-sided cerebellar lesion patients scored lower than controls in attention and visuospatial domain, but not in language, fluency, and memory functions. Participants with right-sided cerebellar lesion demonstrated a general deficit of cognitive functioning, with impairments not only in language and verbal fluency subscales but also in all ACE III domains, including memory, attention, and visuospatial functions. The TMT results proved that cerebellar damage is associated with executive function impairment, regardless of the lesion side. Conclusion: The cognitive profiles of patients with cerebellum lesions differ with regard to the lesion side. Left-sided cerebellar lesions are associated with selective visuospatial and attention impairments, whereas the right-sided ones may result in a more global cognitive decline, which is likely secondary to language deficiencies, associated with this lateral cerebellar injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starowicz-Filip
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Kłosowska
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Myszka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Borys Kwinta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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27
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Wolff A, Gomez-Pilar J, Zhang J, Choueiry J, de la Salle S, Knott V, Northoff G. It's in the Timing: Reduced Temporal Precision in Neural Activity of Schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:3441-3456. [PMID: 34875019 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of perception and cognition in schizophrenia (SCZ) show neuronal background noise (ongoing activity) to intermittently overwhelm the processing of external stimuli. This increased noise, relative to the activity evoked by the stimulus, results in temporal imprecision and higher variability of behavioral responses. What, however, are the neural correlates of temporal imprecision in SCZ behavior? We first report a decrease in electroencephalography signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in two SCZ datasets and tasks in the broadband (1-80 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), and alpha (8-13 Hz) bands. SCZ participants also show lower inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC)-consistency over trials in the phase of the signal-in theta. From these ITPC results, we varied phase offsets in a computational simulation, which illustrated phase-based temporal desynchronization. This modeling also provided a necessary link to our results and showed decreased neural synchrony in SCZ in both datasets and tasks when compared with healthy controls. Finally, we showed that reduced SNR and ITPC are related and showed a relationship to temporal precision on the behavioral level, namely reaction times. In conclusion, we demonstrate how temporal imprecision in SCZ neural activity-reduced relative signal strength and phase coherence-mediates temporal imprecision on the behavioral level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Wolff
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Javier Gomez-Pilar
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Joelle Choueiry
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Sara de la Salle
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Georg Northoff
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
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Basavaraju R, Ithal D, Thanki MV, Ramalingaiah AH, Thirthalli J, Reddy RP, Brady RO, Halko MA, Bolo NR, Keshavan MS, Pascual-Leone A, Mehta UM, Kesavan M. Intermittent theta burst stimulation of cerebellar vermis enhances fronto-cerebellar resting state functional connectivity in schizophrenia with predominant negative symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Schizophr Res 2021; 238:108-120. [PMID: 34653740 PMCID: PMC8662658 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are substantially disabling and treatment resistant. Novel treatments like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) need to be examined for the same using the experimental medicine approach that incorporates tests of mechanism of action in addition to clinical efficacy in trials. METHODS Study was a double-blind, parallel, randomized, sham-controlled trial recruiting schizophrenia with at least a moderate severity of negative symptoms. Participants were randomized to real or sham intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) under MRI-guided neuro-navigation, targeting the cerebellar vermis area VII-B, at a stimulus intensity of 100% active motor threshold, two sessions/day for five days (total = 6000 pulses). Assessments were conducted at baseline (T0), day-6 (T1) and week-6 (T2) after initiation of intervention. Main outcomes were, a) Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) score (T0, T1, T2), b) fronto-cerebellar resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) (T0, T1). RESULTS Thirty participants were recruited in each arm. Negative symptoms improved in both arms (p < 0.001) but was not significantly different between the two arms (p = 0.602). RSFC significantly increased between the cerebellar vermis and the right inferior frontal gyrus (pcluster-FWER = 0.033), right pallidum (pcluster-FWER = 0.042) and right frontal pole (pcluster-FWER = 0.047) in the real arm with no change in the sham arm. CONCLUSION Cerebellar vermal iTBS engaged a target belonging to the class of cerebello-subcortical-cortical networks, implicated in negative symptoms of schizophrenia. However, this did not translate to a superior clinical efficacy. Future trials should employ enhanced midline cerebellar TMS stimulation parameters for longer durations that can potentiate and translate biological changes into clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakshathi Basavaraju
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhruva Ithal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Milind Vijay Thanki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arvinda Hanumanthapura Ramalingaiah
- Department of Neuro Imaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jagadisha Thirthalli
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajakumari P. Reddy
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Roscoe O. Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark A. Halko
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas R. Bolo
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matcheri S. Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Center for Memory Health, Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Guttmann Brain Health Institut, Institut Guttmann, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
| | - Muralidharan Kesavan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
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29
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Hwang M, Roh YS, Talero J, Cohen BM, Baker JT, Brady RO, Öngür D, Shinn AK. Auditory hallucinations across the psychosis spectrum: Evidence of dysconnectivity involving cerebellar and temporal lobe regions. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 32:102893. [PMID: 34911197 PMCID: PMC8636859 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory hallucinations (AH) are typically associated with schizophrenia (SZ), but they are also prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD). Despite the large body of research on the neural correlates of AH in SZ, the pathophysiology underlying AH remains unclear. Few studies have examined the neural substrates associated with propensity for AH in BD. Investigating AH across the psychosis spectrum has the potential to inform about the neural signature associated with the trait of AH, irrespective of psychiatric diagnosis. METHODS We compared resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data in psychosis patients with (n = 90 AH; 68 SZ, 22 BD) and without (n = 55 NAH; 16 SZ, 39 BD) lifetime AH. We performed region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI functional connectivity (FC) analysis using 91 cortical, 15 subcortical, and 26 cerebellar atlas-defined regions. The primary aim was to identify FC differences between patients with and without lifetime AH. We secondarily examined differences between AH and NAH within each diagnosis. RESULTS Compared to the NAH group, patients with AH showed higher FC between cerebellum and frontal (left precentral gyrus), temporal [right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), left temporal fusiform gyrus)], parietal (bilateral superior parietal lobules), and subcortical (left accumbens, left palldium) brain areas. AH also showed lower FC between temporal lobe regions (between right ITG and right MTG and bilateral superior temporal gyri) relative to NAH. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that dysconnectivity involving the cerebellum and temporal lobe regions may be common neurofunctional elements associated with AH propensity across the psychosis spectrum. We also found dysconnectivity patterns that were unique to lifetime AH within SZ or bipolar psychosis, suggesting both common and distinct mechanisms underlying AH pathophysiology in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hwang
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Youkyung S Roh
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Jessica Talero
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Bruce M Cohen
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Program for Neuropsychiatric Research, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin T Baker
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roscoe O Brady
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dost Öngür
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ann K Shinn
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Speers LJ, Bilkey DK. Disorganization of Oscillatory Activity in Animal Models of Schizophrenia. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:741767. [PMID: 34675780 PMCID: PMC8523827 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.741767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating disorder with diverse symptomatology, including disorganized cognition and behavior. Despite considerable research effort, we have only a limited understanding of the underlying brain dysfunction. In this article, we review the potential role of oscillatory circuits in the disorder with a particular focus on the hippocampus, a region that encodes sequential information across time and space, as well as the frontal cortex. Several mechanistic explanations of schizophrenia propose that a loss of oscillatory synchrony between and within these brain regions may underlie some of the symptoms of the disorder. We describe how these oscillations are affected in several animal models of schizophrenia, including models of genetic risk, maternal immune activation (MIA) models, and models of NMDA receptor hypofunction. We then critically discuss the evidence for disorganized oscillatory activity in these models, with a focus on gamma, sharp wave ripple, and theta activity, including the role of cross-frequency coupling as a synchronizing mechanism. Finally, we focus on phase precession, which is an oscillatory phenomenon whereby individual hippocampal place cells systematically advance their firing phase against the background theta oscillation. Phase precession is important because it allows sequential experience to be compressed into a single 120 ms theta cycle (known as a 'theta sequence'). This time window is appropriate for the induction of synaptic plasticity. We describe how disruption of phase precession could disorganize sequential processing, and thereby disrupt the ordered storage of information. A similar dysfunction in schizophrenia may contribute to cognitive symptoms, including deficits in episodic memory, working memory, and future planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David K. Bilkey
- Department of Psychology, Otago University, Dunedin, New Zealand
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31
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Wolf RC, Werler F, Wittemann M, Schmitgen MM, Kubera KM, Wolf ND, Reith W, Hirjak D. Structural correlates of sensorimotor dysfunction in heavy cannabis users. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13032. [PMID: 33951262 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor dysfunction has been previously reported in persons with cannabis dependence. Such individuals can exhibit increased levels of neurological soft signs (NSS), particularly involving motor coordination and sensorimotor integration. Whether such abnormalities may also apply to non-dependent individuals with heavy cannabis use (HCU) is unknown, as much as the neural correlates underlying such deficits. In this study, we investigated associations between NSS and gray matter volume (GMV) in males with HCU and male controls. Twenty-four persons with HCU and 17 controls were examined using standardized assessment of NSS and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T. GMV was calculated using voxel-based morphometry algorithms provided by the Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12). Individuals with HCU showed higher NSS total scores compared to controls. In particular, significant NSS-subdomain effects were found for "motor coordination" (MoCo), "complex motor tasks" (CoMT), and "hard signs" (HS) expression in HCU (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected). Compared to controls, persons with HCU showed significant NSS/GMV interactions in putamen and inferior frontal cortex (MoCo), right cerebellum (CoMT) and middle and superior frontal cortices, and bilateral precentral cortex and thalamus (HS). In between-group analyses, individuals with HCU showed lower GMV in the right anterior orbital and precentral gyrus, as well as higher GMV in the right superior frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor cortex compared to controls. The data support the notion of abnormal sensorimotor performance associated with HCU. The data also provide a neuromechanistic understanding of such deficits, particularly with respect to aberrant cortical-thalamic-cerebellar-cortical circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Christian Wolf
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Florian Werler
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Miriam Wittemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Mike M. Schmitgen
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Katharina M. Kubera
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nadine D. Wolf
- Department of General Psychiatry at the Center for Psychosocial Medicine Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Reith
- Department of Neuroradiology Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
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32
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Japanese Society of Neuropsychopharmacology: "Guideline for Pharmacological Therapy of Schizophrenia". Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2021; 41:266-324. [PMID: 34390232 PMCID: PMC8411321 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Speers LJ, Cheyne KR, Cavani E, Hayward T, Schmidt R, Bilkey DK. Hippocampal Sequencing Mechanisms Are Disrupted in a Maternal Immune Activation Model of Schizophrenia Risk. J Neurosci 2021; 41:6954-6965. [PMID: 34253630 PMCID: PMC8360689 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0730-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory requires information to be stored and recalled in sequential order, and these processes are disrupted in schizophrenia. Hippocampal phase precession and theta sequences are thought to provide a biological mechanism for sequential ordering of experience at timescales suitable for plasticity. These phenomena have not previously been examined in any models of schizophrenia risk. Here, we examine these phenomena in a maternal immune activation (MIA) rodent model. We show that while individual pyramidal cells in the CA1 region continue to precess normally in MIA animals, the starting phase of precession as an animal enters a new place field is considerably more variable in MIA animals than in controls. A critical consequence of this change is a disorganization of the ordered representation of experience via theta sequences. These results provide the first evidence of a biological-level mechanism that, if it occurs in schizophrenia, may explain aspects of disorganized sequential processing that contribute to the cognitive symptoms of the disorder.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hippocampal phase precession and theta sequences have been proposed as biophysical mechanisms by which the sequential structure of cognition might be ordered. Disturbances of sequential processing have frequently been observed in schizophrenia. Here, we show for the first time that phase precession and theta sequences are disrupted in a maternal immune activation (MIA) model of schizophrenia risk. This is a result of greater variability in the starting phase of precession, indicating that the mechanisms that coordinate precession at the assembly level are disrupted. We propose that this disturbance in phase precession underlies some of the disorganized cognitive symptoms that occur in schizophrenia. These findings could have important preclinical significance for the identification and treatment of schizophrenia risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda J Speers
- Psychology Department, Otago University, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Kirsten R Cheyne
- Psychology Department, Otago University, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Elena Cavani
- Psychology Department, Otago University, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tara Hayward
- Psychology Department, Otago University, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Robert Schmidt
- Psychology Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - David K Bilkey
- Psychology Department, Otago University, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Gao Y, Li M, Huang AS, Anderson AW, Ding Z, Heckers SH, Woodward ND, Gore JC. Lower functional connectivity of white matter during rest and working memory tasks is associated with cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 233:101-110. [PMID: 34215467 PMCID: PMC8442250 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia can be understood as a disturbance of functional connections within brain networks. However, functional alterations that involve white matter (WM) specifically, or their cognitive correlates, have seldomly been investigated, especially during tasks. METHODS Resting state and task fMRI images were acquired on 84 patients and 67 controls. Functional connectivities (FC) between 46 WM bundles and 82 cortical regions were compared between the groups under two conditions (i.e., resting state and during working memory retention period). The FC density of each WM bundle was then compared between groups. Associations of FC with cognitive scores were evaluated. RESULTS FC measures were lower in schizophrenia relative to controls for external capsule, cingulum (cingulate and hippocampus), uncinate fasciculus, as well as corpus callosum (genu and body) under the rest or the task condition, and were higher in the posterior corona radiata and posterior thalamic radiation during the task condition. FC for specific WM bundles was correlated with cognitive performance assessed by working memory and processing speed metrics. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the functional abnormalities in patients' WM are heterogeneous, possibly reflecting several underlying mechanisms such as structural damage, functional compensation and excessive effort on task, and that WM FC disruption may contribute to the impairments of working memory and processing speed. This is the first report on WM FC abnormalities in schizophrenia relative to controls and their cognitive associates during both rest and task and highlights the need to consider WM functions as components of brain functional networks in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Gao
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Muwei Li
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna S Huang
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam W Anderson
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephan H Heckers
- Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Neil D Woodward
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - John C Gore
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Osborne KJ, Damme KS, Gupta T, Dean DJ, Bernard JA, Mittal VA. Timing dysfunction and cerebellar resting state functional connectivity abnormalities in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Psychol Med 2021; 51:1289-1298. [PMID: 32008594 PMCID: PMC9754787 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719004161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent with pathophysiological models of psychosis, temporal disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum populations may reflect abnormal cortical (e.g. prefrontal cortex) and subcortical (e.g. striatum) cerebellar connectivity. However, few studies have examined associations between cerebellar connectivity and timing dysfunction in psychosis populations, and none have been conducted in youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Thus, it is currently unknown if impairments in temporal processes are present in CHR youth or how they may be associated with cerebellar connectivity and worsening of symptoms. METHODS A total of 108 (56 CHR/52 controls) youth were administered an auditory temporal bisection task along with a resting state imaging scan to examine cerebellar resting state connectivity. Positive and negative symptoms at baseline and 12 months later were also quantified. RESULTS Controlling for alcohol and cannabis use, CHR youth exhibited poorer temporal accuracy compared to controls, and temporal accuracy deficits were associated with abnormal connectivity between the bilateral anterior cerebellum and a right caudate/nucleus accumbens striatal cluster. Poor temporal accuracy accounted for 11% of the variance in worsening of negative symptoms over 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral findings suggest CHR youth perceive durations of auditory tones as shortened compared to objective time, which may indicate a slower internal clock. Poorer temporal accuracy in CHR youth was associated with abnormalities in brain regions involved in an important cerebellar network implicated in prominent pathophysiological models of psychosis. Lastly, temporal accuracy was associated with worsening of negative symptoms across 12 months, suggesting temporal dysfunction may be sensitive to illness progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Juston Osborne
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Tina Gupta
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Derek J. Dean
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Psychology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jessica A. Bernard
- Texas A & M University, Department of Psychology, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Vijay A. Mittal
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Policy Research, Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Evanston, Chicago, IL, USA
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36
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Functional connectivity of cerebellar dentate nucleus and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive and first-episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2021; 300:113937. [PMID: 33895443 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are the hallmark of schizophrenia and prominent in the early episode stage. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairments are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the abnormal functional connectivity (FC) of the cerebellar dentate nucleus (DN) and its correlation with cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive and first-episode schizophrenia. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired in 47 patients and 43 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were assessed by number sequence span, verbal category fluency, digit-symbol coding tests. The results showed that the patients had deficits in all three cognitive tests compared to the controls. Furthermore, the increased FC of DN with the bilateral postcentral gyrus and decreased FC of DN with the right inferior temporal gyrus and regional cerebellum (e.g., Vermis 4-5 and Crus I) were observed in the patient group compared to the control group. Importantly, these abnormal DN FC significantly correlated with cognitive tests (e.g., number sequence span and digit-symbol coding) and clinical symptoms (e.g., negative symptom) in the patient group. The results suggested that abnormal FC of DN with cortical and subcortical regions was associated with cognitive impairments and symptom severity and might be an underlying neural mechanism in schizophrenia.
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Ren J, Hubbard CS, Ahveninen J, Cui W, Li M, Peng X, Luan G, Han Y, Li Y, Shinn AK, Wang D, Li L, Liu H. Dissociable Auditory Cortico-Cerebellar Pathways in the Human Brain Estimated by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:2898-2912. [PMID: 33497437 PMCID: PMC8107796 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum, a structure historically associated with motor control, has more recently been implicated in several higher-order auditory-cognitive functions. However, the exact functional pathways that mediate cerebellar influences on auditory cortex (AC) remain unclear. Here, we sought to identify auditory cortico-cerebellar pathways based on intrinsic functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging. In contrast to previous connectivity studies that principally consider the AC as a single functionally homogenous unit, we mapped the cerebellar connectivity across different parts of the AC. Our results reveal that auditory subareas demonstrating different levels of interindividual functional variability are functionally coupled with distinct cerebellar regions. Moreover, auditory and sensorimotor areas show divergent cortico-cerebellar connectivity patterns, although sensorimotor areas proximal to the AC are often functionally grouped with the AC in previous connectivity-based network analyses. Lastly, we found that the AC can be functionally segmented into highly similar subareas based on either cortico-cerebellar or cortico-cortical functional connectivity, suggesting the existence of multiple parallel auditory cortico-cerebellar circuits that involve different subareas of the AC. Overall, the present study revealed multiple auditory cortico-cerebellar pathways and provided a fine-grained map of AC subareas, indicative of the critical role of the cerebellum in auditory processing and multisensory integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxun Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Neuromodulation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Catherine S Hubbard
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jyrki Ahveninen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Weigang Cui
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xiaolong Peng
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Guoming Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 100053 Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Ann K Shinn
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Danhong Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Luming Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Neuromodulation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Precision Medicine & Healthcare Research Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Hesheng Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Ye H, Zalesky A, Lv J, Loi SM, Cetin-Karayumak S, Rathi Y, Tian Y, Pantelis C, Di Biase MA. Network Analysis of Symptom Comorbidity in Schizophrenia: Relationship to Illness Course and Brain White Matter Microstructure. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1156-1167. [PMID: 33693887 PMCID: PMC8266579 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent network-based analyses suggest that schizophrenia symptoms are intricately connected and interdependent, such that central symptoms can activate adjacent symptoms and increase global symptom burden. Here, we sought to identify key clinical and neurobiological factors that relate to symptom organization in established schizophrenia. METHODS A symptom comorbidity network was mapped for a broad constellation of symptoms measured in 642 individuals with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Centrality analyses were used to identify hub symptoms. The extent to which each patient's symptoms formed clusters in the comorbidity network was quantified with cluster analysis and used to predict (1) clinical features, including illness duration and psychosis (positive symptom) severity and (2) brain white matter microstructure, indexed by the fractional anisotropy (FA), in a subset (n = 296) of individuals with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data. RESULTS Global functioning, substance use, and blunted affect were the most central symptoms within the symptom comorbidity network. Symptom profiles for some patients formed highly interconnected clusters, whereas other patients displayed unrelated and disconnected symptoms. Stronger clustering among an individual's symptoms was significantly associated with shorter illness duration (t = 2.7; P = .0074), greater psychosis severity (ie, positive symptoms expression) (t = -5.5; P < 0.0001) and lower fractional anisotropy in fibers traversing the cortico-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit (r = .59, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Symptom network structure varies over the course of schizophrenia: symptom interactions weaken with increasing illness duration and strengthen during periods of high positive symptom expression. Reduced white matter coherence relates to stronger symptom clustering, and thus, may underlie symptom cascades and global symptomatic burden in individuals with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ye
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia,Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Samantha M Loi
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Yogesh Rathi
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ye Tian
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria A Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Bld. 161 Barry St, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia; tel: +61-3-9035-3404, fax: +61-3-9035-8842, e-mail:
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Resting state quantitative electroencephalogram gamma power spectra in patients with first episode psychosis: An observational study. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 57:102550. [PMID: 33503585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electrophysiological abnormalities, especially in the gamma frequency range, have been well documented in schizophrenia. This study was aimed to investigate the gamma spectral power of the brain in patients with first episode psychosis, using high-resolution electroencephalography. METHODOLOGY Twenty-nine neuroleptic naïve/free male patients with non-affective psychosis as per ICD 10 DCR clinical criteria were compared with thirty age, sex, education and handedness matched healthy individuals as controls. All participants underwent 192-channel resting electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Gamma spectral power was calculated for low (31-50 Hz) and high-gamma (51-70 and 71-100 Hz) bands and compared between two groups using MANOVA and supplementary one-way ANOVA. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted between spectral power parameters and various clinical variables. RESULTS The gamma spectral power in 31-50 Hz and 51-70 Hz frequency bands was found to be significantly higher in patients in most brain regions. Duration of illness predicted the gamma spectral power in both right and left frontal regions of the brain in the frequency range 31-50 Hz and 71-100 Hz, as well as in the right temporal region in 71-100 Hz range, where it was negatively correlated. CONCLUSION Patients with first episode psychosis have increased gamma spectral power, which might be indirectly related to the duration of illness.
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Chen L, Bedard P, Hallett M, Horovitz SG. Dynamics of Top-Down Control and Motor Networks in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:916-926. [PMID: 33404161 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients might be related to high-level task-control deficits. We aimed at investigating the dynamics between sensorimotor network and top-down control networks (frontal-parietal, cingulo-opercular, and cerebellar) in PD and at determining the effects of levodopa on the dynamics of these networks. METHODS We investigated dynamic functional connectivity (dFC), during resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, between sensorimotor network and top-down control networks in 36 PD patients (OFF medication, PD-OFF) and 36 healthy volunteers. We further assessed the effect of medication on dFC in18 PD patients who were also scanned ON medication. RESULTS The dFC analyses identified three discrete states: State I (35.68%) characterized by connections between the cerebellum and sensorimotor network, State II (34.17%) with connections between the sensorimotor and frontal-parietal network, and State III (30.15%) with connection between the sensorimotor and cingulo-opercular network. PD patients have significantly fewer occurrences and overall spent less time (shorter dwell time) in State II compared to healthy controls. After levodopa intake, dwell time improved toward normal. The change in dwell time before and after taking levodopa was negatively related to the respective changes in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III. PD-OFF showed significantly decreased connectivity between sensorimotor and control networks and increased connectivity within control networks. These changes were partially improved after levodopa intake. CONCLUSIONS Dopamine depletion in PD is associated with abnormalities in temporal and spatial properties between cognitive control and sensorimotor network, possibly contributing to clinical deficits. Levodopa partially restores the network function toward the values observed in healthy volunteers. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Patrick Bedard
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvina G Horovitz
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Pinheiro AP, Schwartze M, Kotz SA. Cerebellar circuitry and auditory verbal hallucinations: An integrative synthesis and perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:485-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Falakshahi H, Vergara VM, Liu J, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Voyvodic J, Mueller BA, Belger A, McEwen S, Potkin SG, Preda A, Rokham H, Sui J, Turner JA, Plis S, Calhoun VD. Meta-Modal Information Flow: A Method for Capturing Multimodal Modular Disconnectivity in Schizophrenia. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:2572-2584. [PMID: 31944934 PMCID: PMC7538162 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2964724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multimodal measurements of the same phenomena provide complementary information and highlight different perspectives, albeit each with their own limitations. A focus on a single modality may lead to incorrect inferences, which is especially important when a studied phenomenon is a disease. In this paper, we introduce a method that takes advantage of multimodal data in addressing the hypotheses of disconnectivity and dysfunction within schizophrenia (SZ). METHODS We start with estimating and visualizing links within and among extracted multimodal data features using a Gaussian graphical model (GGM). We then propose a modularity-based method that can be applied to the GGM to identify links that are associated with mental illness across a multimodal data set. Through simulation and real data, we show our approach reveals important information about disease-related network disruptions that are missed with a focus on a single modality. We use functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion MRI (dMRI), and structural MRI (sMRI) to compute the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF), fractional anisotropy (FA), and gray matter (GM) concentration maps. These three modalities are analyzed using our modularity method. RESULTS Our results show missing links that are only captured by the cross-modal information that may play an important role in disconnectivity between the components. CONCLUSION We identified multimodal (fALFF, FA and GM) disconnectivity in the default mode network area in patients with SZ, which would not have been detectable in a single modality. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed approach provides an important new tool for capturing information that is distributed among multiple imaging modalities.
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Goswami S, Beniwal RP, Kumar M, Bhatia T, Gur RE, Gur RC, Khushu S, Deshpande SN. A preliminary study to investigate resting state fMRI as a potential group differentiator for schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 52:102095. [PMID: 32339919 PMCID: PMC10154078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is found to be associated with dysconnectivity between the various regions of the brain. These aberrant connections in brain networks responsible for various mental processes in schizophrenia. We examined differences in functional connectivity among persons with SZ (n = 30) and an equal number of their unaffected relatives using resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI). Subjects were interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) and Family Interview for Genetic Studies (FIGS). Cognition was assessed using the Computerized Neuropsychological Battery (CNB) and Trail Making Tests A and B. The resting state functional data were acquired using 3.0 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging system and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and FSL version 5.01 (FMRIB's) Software. The persons with SZ performed significantly worse on tasks of cognition and executive functioning. On rsfMRI, a significantly reduced connectivity was noted in the case group in right and left precentral gyri, right post central gyrus, right and left middle temporal gyrus, left paracingulate gyrus, anterior and posterior cingulate, right planum temporale, right pallidum, left cerebellum-6,7b and 8 lobules. Increased connectivity was noted between areas of right temporal pole and left hippocampus, posterior cingulate and the precuneus, right planum polare and right amygdala, right Heschl's gyrus and left posterior supramarginal gyrus, right amygdala with right insular cortex and left cerebellum 6 with bilateral postcentral gyrus in the same group. These differences in connectivity could be utilised as potential group differentiator for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seujee Goswami
- Department of Psychiatry, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, India.
| | - Ram Pratap Beniwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (I.N.M.A.S), Timarpur, Delhi, India.
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Indo-US Projects, Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Subhash Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (I.N.M.A.S), Timarpur, Delhi, India.
| | - Smita N Deshpande
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Wei Q, Zhao L, Zou Y, Wang J, Qiu Y, Niu M, Kang Z, Liu X, Tang Y, Li C, Zhang J, Fan X, Huang R, Han Z. The role of altered brain structural connectivity in resilience, vulnerability, and disease expression to schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 101:109917. [PMID: 32169560 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a highly heritable disorder associated with brain connectivity changes. Although the mechanism of disease expression and vulnerability of SCZ have been reported by previous studies, the mechanism of resilience to SCZ based on the brain structural connectivity is poorly understood. The goal of the present study was to identify the structural brain connectivity related with the resilience to SCZ, which is defined here as the capacity to avoid or delay the onset of SCZ in unaffected siblings of SCZ probands. METHOD We collected diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data of 49 medication-naive, first-episode SCZ (FE-SCZ) patients, 56 unaffected siblings of SCZ probands (SIB-SCZ), and 90 healthy controls. Then we used graph theoretical approach to calculate the topological properties of the brain structural network, including global, subnetwork, and regional parameters. Finally, we compared the parameters between the three groups, and identified the brain structural network related to the resilience, vulnerability and disease expression to SCZ. RESULTS With respect to resilience, only the SIB-SCZ showed significantly increased connectivity in the subnetworks of the left cuneus-precuneus and left posterior cingulate gyrus-precuneus, and in brain areas of right supramarginal gyrus and right inferior temporal gyrus. With respect to vulnerability, both the FE-SCZ and SIB-SCZ had decreased cluster coefficients and local efficiency, and decreased nodal efficiency in the right medial superior frontal gyrus and right medial orbital superior frontal gyrus compared with the healthy controls. With respect to disease expression, only the FE-SCZ group showed decreased or increased global, subnetwork, and nodal connectivity in broader brain regions compared with the healthy controls. CONCLUSION Difference in the topological properties of brain structural connectivity not only reflect the underlying mechanism of vulnerability but also that of resilience to schizophrenia. Alteration in the brain structural connectivity associating with resilience and disease expression may contribute to the onset of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinling Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junjing Wang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meiqi Niu
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanxia Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Neurology, Yiyang Central Hospital,118 Kangfu Road,Yiyang, Hunan Province 413000, China
| | - Changhong Li
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinbei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, One Biotech, Suite 100, 365 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zili Han
- Department of Psychiatry, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Vidal-Domènech F, Riquelme G, Pinacho R, Rodriguez-Mias R, Vera A, Monje A, Ferrer I, Callado LF, Meana JJ, Villén J, Ramos B. Calcium-binding proteins are altered in the cerebellum in schizophrenia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230400. [PMID: 32639965 PMCID: PMC7343173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the cortico-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit might underlie the diversity of symptoms in schizophrenia. However, molecular changes in cerebellar neuronal circuits, part of this network, have not yet been fully determined. Using LC-MS/MS, we screened altered candidates in pooled grey matter of cerebellum from schizophrenia subjects who committed suicide (n = 4) and healthy individuals (n = 4). Further validation by immunoblotting of three selected candidates was performed in two cohorts comprising schizophrenia (n = 20), non-schizophrenia suicide (n = 6) and healthy controls (n = 21). We found 99 significantly altered proteins, 31 of them previously reported in other brain areas by proteomic studies. Transport function was the most enriched category, while cell communication was the most prevalent function. For validation, we selected the vacuolar proton pump subunit 1 (VPP1), from transport, and two EF-hand calcium-binding proteins, calmodulin and parvalbumin, from cell communication. All candidates showed significant changes in schizophrenia (n = 7) compared to controls (n = 7). VPP1 was altered in the non-schizophrenia suicide group and increased levels of parvalbumin were linked to antipsychotics. Further validation in an independent cohort of non-suicidal chronic schizophrenia subjects (n = 13) and non-psychiatric controls (n = 14) showed that parvalbumin was increased, while calmodulin was decreased in schizophrenia. Our findings provide evidence of calcium-binding protein dysregulation in the cerebellum in schizophrenia, suggesting an impact on normal calcium-dependent synaptic functioning of cerebellar circuits. Our study also links VPP1 to suicide behaviours, suggesting a possible impairment in vesicle neurotransmitter refilling and release in these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Vidal-Domènech
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Dept. de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gemma Riquelme
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Raquel Pinacho
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ricard Rodriguez-Mias
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - América Vera
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alfonso Monje
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Departamento de Patologia y Terapeutica Experimental, Universidad de Barcelona, Senior consultant Servicio Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, CIBERNED, Hospital de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis F. Callado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, CIBERSAM, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - J. Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, CIBERSAM, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Judit Villén
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Belén Ramos
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Dept. de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, CIBERSAM, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Jonak K, Syta A, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H, Krukow P. The Clinical Application of EEG-Signals Recurrence Analysis as a Measure of Functional Connectivity: Comparative Case Study of Patients with Various Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060380. [PMID: 32560205 PMCID: PMC7349203 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a simple and widely used assessment tool that allows one to analyze the bioelectric activity of the brain. As a result, one can observe brain waves with different frequencies and amplitudes that correspond to the temporary synchronization of different parts of the brain. Synchronization patterns may be changed by almost any type of pathological conditions, such as psychiatric diseases and structural abnormalities of the brain tissue. In various neuropsychiatric disorders, the coordination of cortical activity may be decreased or enhanced as a result of neurobiological compensatory mechanisms. Methods. In this paper, we analyzed the EEG signals in resting-state condition, with reference to three patients with a similar set of psychopathological symptoms typical for the first psychotic episode, but with different functional and structural neural basis of the disease. Additionally, those patients were compared with a demographically matched healthy individual. We used the non-linear method of time series analysis based on the recurrences of states, to verify whether functional connectivity configurations assessed with recurrence method will qualitatively distinguish patients from a healthy subject, but also differentiate patients from each other. Results. Obtained results confirmed that the connectivity architecture mapped with the recurrence analysis substantially differentiated all participants from each other. An applied analysis additionally showed the specificity of cortical desynchronization and over-synchronization matched to the psychiatric or neurological basis of the disease. Despite this encouraging finding, group-oriented studies are needed to corroborate our qualitative results, based only on a series of clinical case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jonak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkadiusz Syta
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Paweł Krukow
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Gluska 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
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Kim D, Moussa‐Tooks AB, Bolbecker AR, Apthorp D, Newman SD, O'Donnell BF, Hetrick WP. Cerebellar-cortical dysconnectivity in resting-state associated with sensorimotor tasks in schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:3119-3132. [PMID: 32250008 PMCID: PMC7336143 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of cerebellar function have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Since the cerebellum has afferent and efferent projections to diverse brain regions, abnormalities in cerebellar lobules could affect functional connectivity with multiple functional systems in the brain. Prior studies, however, have not examined the relationship of individual cerebellar lobules with motor and nonmotor resting‐state functional networks. We evaluated these relationships using resting‐state fMRI in 30 patients with a schizophrenia‐spectrum disorder and 37 healthy comparison participants. For connectivity analyses, the cerebellum was parcellated into 18 lobular and vermal regions, and functional connectivity of each lobule to 10 major functional networks in the cerebrum was evaluated. The relationship between functional connectivity measures and behavioral performance on sensorimotor tasks (i.e., finger‐tapping and postural sway) was also examined. We found cerebellar–cortical hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia, which was predominantly associated with Crus I, Crus II, lobule IX, and lobule X. Specifically, abnormal cerebellar connectivity was found to the cerebral ventral attention, motor, and auditory networks. This cerebellar–cortical connectivity in the resting‐state was differentially associated with sensorimotor task‐based behavioral measures in schizophrenia and healthy comparison participants—that is, dissociation with motor network and association with nonmotor network in schizophrenia. These findings suggest that functional association between individual cerebellar lobules and the ventral attentional, motor, and auditory networks is particularly affected in schizophrenia. They are also consistent with dysconnectivity models of schizophrenia suggesting cerebellar contributions to a broad range of sensorimotor and cognitive operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae‐Jin Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Alexandra B. Moussa‐Tooks
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Amanda R. Bolbecker
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Deborah Apthorp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNew South WalesAustralia
- Research School of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Sharlene D. Newman
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Brian F. O'Donnell
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - William P. Hetrick
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Wang SM, Ouyang WC, Wu MY, Kuo LC. Relationship between motor function and psychotic symptomatology in young-adult patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:373-382. [PMID: 30976916 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Motor abnormalities have been indicated to be a core manifestation of schizophrenia and not just motor side-effects of antipsychotics. However, little is known about whether all of the complete motor function, including fine motor function, muscle strength, and balance is linked to psychotic symptoms. Therefore, this study was to investigate association between complete motor function and psychotic symptoms in young-adult schizophrenia patients who had no extrapyramidal motor symptoms, which were assessed using the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale. Seventy schizophrenia patients were recruited. Fine motor function, muscle strength, and balance were assessed using The McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Given gender differences in muscle power, the correlation between muscle strength and psychotic symptoms was analyzed by gender separately. Partial correlation controlling for effects of the chlorpromazine equivalent dosage of antipsychotics was conducted. Better fine motor function was correlated with less-severe negative symptoms (r = - 0.49, p < 0.001) in the total sample. In men, better muscle strength was correlated with more severe positive symptoms and less-severe negative symptoms (r = 0.41, p = 0.008; r = - 0.55, p < 0.001). The link between motor function and psychotic symptoms may support the cerebellar and basal ganglia hypotheses of schizophrenia, proposing that diverse schizophrenia symptoms may share the same neural deficiency, that is, dysfunction of cerebellum or basal ganglia. Considering the moderate-to-strong association between muscle strength and psychotic symptoms, muscle strength might be a powerful physical predictor of psychotic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Chen Ouyang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Counseling Psychology and Rehabilitation Counseling, College of Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. .,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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49
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Chen MH, Chang WC, Bai YM, Huang KL, Tu PC, Su TP, Li CT, Lin WC, Tsai SJ, Hsu JW. Cortico-thalamic dysconnection in early-stage schizophrenia: a functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:351-358. [PMID: 30953128 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies have indicated thalamus-related network dysfunction in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. However, whether thalamus-related functional connectivity (FC) contributes to the psychopathology and cognitive deficits of early-stage schizophrenia requires further investigation. A total of 34 patients with early-stage schizophrenia (illness duration = 1.62 ± 1.16 years; age = 26.00 ± 6.34 years) and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in our study and underwent comprehensive assessments of the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, working memory tasks, and resting-state FC magnetic resonance imaging. The patients with early-stage schizophrenia had increased FC of the thalamus with the bilateral postcentral and temporal gyri, inferior occipital cortex, and temporal pole and decreased FC of the thalamus with the vestibulocerebellum and frontal pole compared with the controls. Furthermore, increased FC between the thalamus and temporal pole was positively correlated with positive scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) and negatively correlated with performance on working memory tasks in early-stage schizophrenia. Increased FC of the thalamus with the inferior occipital cortex was positively associated with negative PANSS scores and negatively correlated with Personal and Social Performance Scale scores in early-stage schizophrenia. Our results supported the vital role of thalamus-related network dysfunction in the psychopathology and cognitive deficits of early-stage schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Wei Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhao W, Guo S, Linli Z, Yang AC, Lin CP, Tsai SJ. Functional, Anatomical, and Morphological Networks Highlight the Role of Basal Ganglia-Thalamus-Cortex Circuits in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:422-431. [PMID: 31206161 PMCID: PMC7442374 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from electrophysiological, functional, and structural research suggests that abnormal brain connectivity plays an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, most previous studies have focused on single modalities only, each of which is associated with its own limitations. Multimodal combinations can more effectively utilize various information, but previous multimodal research mostly focuses on extracting local features, rather than carrying out research based on network perspective. This study included 135 patients with schizophrenia and 148 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and structural magnetic resonance imaging data were used to construct the functional, anatomical, and morphological networks of each participant, respectively. These networks were used in combination with machine learning to identify more consistent biomarkers of brain connectivity and explore the relationships between different modalities. We found that although each modality had divergent connectivity biomarkers, the convergent pattern was that all were mostly located within the basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex circuit. Furthermore, using the biomarkers of these 3 modalities as a feature yielded the highest classification accuracy (91.75%, relative to a single modality), suggesting that the combination of multiple modalities could be effectively utilized to obtain complementary information regarding different mode networks; furthermore, this information could help distinguish patients. These findings provide direct evidence for the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia, suggesting that abnormalities in the basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex circuit can be used as a biomarker of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China,Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China,To whom correspondence should be addressed; School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China; tel: +86-13107019688, e-mail:
| | - Zeqiang Linli
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Albert C Yang
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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