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Shimatani M, Morita T, Yanuar R, Nezu A, Tanimura A. Local anesthetics inhibit muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated calcium responses and the recruitment of β-arrestin in HSY human parotid cells. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:465-472. [PMID: 38614428 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Local anesthetics act on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); thus, their potential as allosteric modulators of GPCRs has attracted attention. Intracellular signaling via GPCRs involves both G-protein- and β-arrestin-mediated pathways. To determine the effects of local anesthetics on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), a family of GPCRs, we analyzed the effects of local anesthetics on mAChR-mediated Ca2+ responses and formation of receptor-β-arrestin complexes in the HSY human parotid cell line. METHODS Ca2+ responses were monitored by fura-2 spectrofluorimetry. Ligand-induced interactions between mAChR and β-arrestin were examined using a β-arrestin GPCR assay kit. RESULTS Lidocaine reduced mAChR-mediated Ca2+ responses but did not change the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in non-stimulated cells. The membrane-impermeant lidocaine analog QX314 and procaine inhibited mAChR-mediated Ca2+ responses, with EC50 values of 48.0 and 20.4 μM, respectively, for 50 μM carbachol-stimulated Ca2+ responses. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, the pretreatment of cells with QX314 reduced carbachol-induced Ca2+ release, indicating that QX314 reduced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Lidocaine and QX314 did not affect store-operated Ca2+ entry as they did not alter the thapsigargin-induced Ca2+ response. QX314 and procaine reduced the carbachol-mediated recruitment of β-arrestin, and administration of procaine suppressed pilocarpine-induced salivary secretion in mice. CONCLUSION Local anesthetics, including QX314, act on mAChR to reduce carbachol-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and the recruitment of β-arrestin. These findings support the notion that local anesthetics and their derivatives are starting points for the development of functional allosteric modulators of mAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Shimatani
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takao Morita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rezon Yanuar
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nezu
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tanimura
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan.
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2
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Campos J, Gleitze S, Hidalgo C, Núñez MT. IP 3R-Mediated Calcium Release Promotes Ferroptotic Death in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:196. [PMID: 38397794 PMCID: PMC10886377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death pathway that involves the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels and iron-mediated lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is experimentally caused by the inhibition of the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT, which depletes cells of GSH, or by inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), a key regulator of lipid peroxidation. The events that occur between GPx4 inhibition and the execution of ferroptotic cell death are currently a matter of active research. Previous work has shown that calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels contributes to ferroptosis-induced cell death in primary hippocampal neurons. Here, we used SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, which do not express RyR channels, to test if calcium release mediated by the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) channel plays a role in this process. We show that treatment with RAS Selective Lethal Compound 3 (RSL3), a GPx4 inhibitor, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, increased cytoplasmic and mitochondrial calcium levels, increased lipid peroxidation, and caused cell death. The RSL3-induced calcium signals were inhibited by Xestospongin B, a specific inhibitor of the ER-resident IP3R calcium channel, by decreasing IP3R levels with carbachol and by IP3R1 knockdown, which also prevented the changes in cell morphology toward roundness induced by RSL3. Intracellular calcium chelation by incubation with BAPTA-AM inhibited RSL3-induced calcium signals, which were not affected by extracellular calcium depletion. We propose that GPx4 inhibition activates IP3R-mediated calcium release in SH-SY5Y cells, leading to increased cytoplasmic and mitochondrial calcium levels, which, in turn, stimulate ROS production and induce lipid peroxidation and cell death in a noxious positive feedback cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Campos
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Silvia Gleitze
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (S.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (S.G.); (C.H.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Marco T. Núñez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800024, Chile
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3
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Kodakandla G, Akimzhanov AM, Boehning D. Regulatory mechanisms controlling store-operated calcium entry. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1330259. [PMID: 38169682 PMCID: PMC10758431 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1330259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium influx through plasma membrane ion channels is crucial for many events in cellular physiology. Cell surface stimuli lead to the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which binds to IP3 receptors (IP3R) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to release calcium pools from the ER lumen. This leads to the depletion of ER calcium pools, which has been termed store depletion. Store depletion leads to the dissociation of calcium ions from the EF-hand motif of the ER calcium sensor Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1). This leads to a conformational change in STIM1, which helps it to interact with the plasma membrane (PM) at ER:PM junctions. At these ER:PM junctions, STIM1 binds to and activates a calcium channel known as Orai1 to form calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels. Activation of Orai1 leads to calcium influx, known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). In addition to Orai1 and STIM1, the homologs of Orai1 and STIM1, such as Orai2/3 and STIM2, also play a crucial role in calcium homeostasis. The influx of calcium through the Orai channel activates a calcium current that has been termed the CRAC current. CRAC channels form multimers and cluster together in large macromolecular assemblies termed "puncta". How CRAC channels form puncta has been contentious since their discovery. In this review, we will outline the history of SOCE, the molecular players involved in this process, as well as the models that have been proposed to explain this critical mechanism in cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutham Kodakandla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Askar M. Akimzhanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Darren Boehning
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
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4
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Wahl AM, Takano T, Su S, Warner BM, Perez P, Sneyd J, Yule DI. Structural and functional analysis of salivary intercalated duct cells reveals a secretory phenotype. J Physiol 2023; 601:4539-4556. [PMID: 37724716 PMCID: PMC10591963 DOI: 10.1113/jp285104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, all salivary ducts (intercalated, striated and collecting) are assumed to function broadly in a similar manner, reclaiming ions that were secreted by the secretory acinar cells while preserving fluid volume and delivering saliva to the oral cavity. Nevertheless, there has been minimal investigation into the structural and functional differences between distinct types of salivary duct cells. Therefore, in this study, the expression profile of proteins involved in stimulus-secretion coupling, as well as the function of the intercalated duct (ID) and striated duct cells, was examined. Particular focus was placed on defining differences between distinct duct cell populations. To accomplish this, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were utilized to examine the localization and expression of proteins involved in reabsorption and secretion of ions and fluid. Further, in vivo calcium imaging was employed to investigate cellular function. Based on the protein expression profile and functional data, marked differences between the IDs and striated ducts were observed. Specifically, the ID cells express proteins native to the secretory acinar cells while lacking proteins specifically expressed in the striated ducts. Further, the ID and striated duct cells display different calcium signalling characteristics, with the IDs responding to a neural stimulus in a manner similar to the acinar cells. Overall, our data suggest that the IDs have a distinct role in the secretory process, separate from the reabsorptive striated ducts. Instead, based on our evidence, the IDs express proteins found in secretory cells, generate calcium signals in a manner similar to acinar cells, and, therefore, are likely secretory cells. KEY POINTS: Current studies examining salivary intercalated duct cells are limited, with minimal documentation of the ion transport machinery and the overall role of the cells in fluid generation. Salivary intercalated duct cells are presumed to function in the same manner as other duct cells, reclaiming ions, maintaining fluid volume and delivering the final saliva to the oral cavity. Here we systematically examine the structure and function of the salivary intercalated duct cells using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and by monitoring in vivo Ca2+ dynamics. Structural data revealed that the intercalated duct cells lack proteins vital for reabsorption and express proteins necessary for secretion. Ca2+ dynamics in the intercalated duct cells were consistent with those observed in secretory cells and resulted from GPCR-mediated IP3 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Wahl
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Takahiro Takano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shan Su
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Paola Perez
- Salivary Disorders Unit, NIDCR, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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5
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Gleitze S, Paula-Lima A, Núñez MT, Hidalgo C. The calcium-iron connection in ferroptosis-mediated neuronal death. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:28-41. [PMID: 34461261 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron, through its participation in oxidation/reduction processes, is essential for the physiological function of biological systems. In the brain, iron is involved in the development of normal cognitive functions, and its lack during development causes irreversible cognitive damage. Yet, deregulation of iron homeostasis provokes neuronal damage and death. Ferroptosis, a newly described iron-dependent cell death pathway, differs at the morphological, biochemical, and genetic levels from other cell death types. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, depletion of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione and altered mitochondrial morphology. Although iron promotes the emergence of Ca2+ signals via activation of redox-sensitive Ca2+ channels, the role of Ca2+ signaling in ferroptosis has not been established. The early dysregulation of the cellular redox state observed in ferroptosis is likely to disturb Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling, facilitating ferroptotic neuronal death. This review presents an overview of the role of iron and ferroptosis in neuronal function, emphasizing the possible involvement of Ca2+ signaling in these processes. We propose, accordingly, that the iron-ferroptosis-Ca2+ association orchestrates the progression of cognitive dysfunctions and memory loss that occurs in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, to prevent iron dyshomeostasis and ferroptosis, we suggest the use of drugs that target the abnormal Ca2+ signaling caused by excessive iron levels as therapy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gleitze
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco T Núñez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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6
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Takano T, Wahl AM, Huang KT, Narita T, Rugis J, Sneyd J, Yule DI. Highly localized intracellular Ca 2+ signals promote optimal salivary gland fluid secretion. eLife 2021; 10:66170. [PMID: 34240705 PMCID: PMC8352588 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary fluid secretion involves an intricate choreography of membrane transporters to result in the trans-epithelial movement of NaCl and water into the acinus lumen. Current models are largely based on experimental observations in enzymatically isolated cells where the Ca2+ signal invariably propagates globally and thus appears ideally suited to activate spatially separated Cl and K channels, present on the apical and basolateral plasma membrane, respectively. We monitored Ca2+ signals and salivary secretion in live mice expressing GCamp6F, following stimulation of the nerves innervating the submandibular gland. Consistent with in vitro studies, Ca2+ signals were initiated in the apical endoplasmic reticulum. In marked contrast to in vitro data, highly localized trains of Ca2+ transients that failed to fully propagate from the apical region were observed. Following stimuli optimum for secretion, large apical-basal gradients were elicited. A new mathematical model, incorporating these data was constructed to probe how salivary secretion can be optimally stimulated by apical Ca2+ signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Takano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Amanda M Wahl
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Kai-Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Takanori Narita
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - John Rugis
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
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7
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Shawer H, Norman K, Cheng CW, Foster R, Beech DJ, Bailey MA. ORAI1 Ca 2+ Channel as a Therapeutic Target in Pathological Vascular Remodelling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653812. [PMID: 33937254 PMCID: PMC8083964 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the adult, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are normally physiologically quiescent, arranged circumferentially in one or more layers within blood vessel walls. Remodelling of native VSMC to a proliferative state for vascular development, adaptation or repair is driven by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). A key effector downstream of PDGF receptors is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mediated through the plasma membrane calcium ion channel, ORAI1, which is activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium store sensor, stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1). This SOCE was shown to play fundamental roles in the pathological remodelling of VSMC. Exciting transgenic lineage-tracing studies have revealed that the contribution of the phenotypically-modulated VSMC in atherosclerotic plaque formation is more significant than previously appreciated, and growing evidence supports the relevance of ORAI1 signalling in this pathologic remodelling. ORAI1 has also emerged as an attractive potential therapeutic target as it is accessible to extracellular compound inhibition. This is further supported by the progression of several ORAI1 inhibitors into clinical trials. Here we discuss the current knowledge of ORAI1-mediated signalling in pathologic vascular remodelling, particularly in the settings of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neointimal hyperplasia, and the recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms by which ORAI1 coordinates VSMC phenotypic remodelling, through the activation of key transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT). In addition, we discuss advances in therapeutic strategies aimed at the ORAI1 target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Shawer
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Norman
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chew W Cheng
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Foster
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - David J Beech
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Marc A Bailey
- School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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8
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Balderas-Villalobos J, Steele TWE, Eltit JM. Physiological and Pathological Relevance of Selective and Nonselective Ca 2+ Channels in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:225-247. [PMID: 35138617 PMCID: PMC10683374 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Contraction of the striated muscle is fundamental for human existence. The action of voluntary skeletal muscle enables activities such as breathing, establishing body posture, and diverse body movements. Additionally, highly precise motion empowers communication, artistic expression, and other activities that define everyday human life. The involuntary contraction of striated muscle is the core function of the heart and is essential for blood flow. Several ion channels are important in the transduction of action potentials to cytosolic Ca2+ signals that enable muscle contraction; however, other ion channels are involved in the progression of muscle pathologies that can impair normal life or threaten it. This chapter describes types of selective and nonselective Ca2+ permeable ion channels expressed in the striated muscle, their participation in different aspects of muscle excitation and contraction, and their relevance to the progression of some pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Balderas-Villalobos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Tyler W E Steele
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jose M Eltit
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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9
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Wei Y, Yee PP, Liu Z, Zhang L, Guo H, Zheng H, Anderson B, Gulley M, Li W. NEDD4L-mediated Merlin ubiquitination facilitates Hippo pathway activation. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50642. [PMID: 33058421 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor Merlin/NF2, a key activator of the Hippo pathway in growth control, is regulated by phosphorylation. However, it is uncertain whether additional post-translational modifications regulate Merlin. Here, we show that ubiquitination is required to activate Merlin in the Hippo pathway. Ubiquitinated Merlin is mostly conjugated by one or two ubiquitin molecules. Such modification is promoted by serine 518 dephosphorylation in response to Ca2+ signaling or cell detachment. Merlin ubiquitination is mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, NEDD4L, which requires a scaffold protein, AMOTL1, to approach Merlin. Several NF2-patient-derived Merlin mutations disrupt its binding to AMOTL1 and its regulation by the AMOTL1-NEDD4L apparatus. Lysine (K) 396 is the major ubiquitin conjugation residue. Disruption of Merlin ubiquitination by the K396R mutation or NEDD4L depletion diminishes its binding to Lats1 and inhibits Lats1 activation. These effects are also accompanied by loss of Merlin's anti-mitogenic and tumor suppressive properties. Thus, we propose that dephosphorylation and ubiquitination compose an intramolecular relay to activate Merlin functions in activating the Hippo pathway during growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiju Wei
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Patricia P Yee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Benjamin Anderson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Gulley
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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10
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Bakowski D, Murray F, Parekh AB. Store-Operated Ca 2+ Channels: Mechanism, Function, Pharmacology, and Therapeutic Targets. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 61:629-654. [PMID: 32966177 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-031620-105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels are a major route for Ca2+ entry in eukaryotic cells. These channels are store operated, opening when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is depleted of Ca2+, and are composed of the ER Ca2+ sensor protein STIM and the pore-forming plasma membrane subunit Orai. Recent years have heralded major strides in our understanding of the structure, gating, and function of the channels. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutants combined with RNAi knockdown strategies have revealed important roles for the channel in numerous human diseases, making the channel a clinically relevant target. Drugs targeting the channels generally lack specificity or exhibit poor efficacy in animal models. However, the landscape is changing, and CRAC channel blockers are now entering clinical trials. Here, we describe the key molecular and biological features of CRAC channels, consider various diseases associated with aberrant channel activity, and discuss targeting of the channels from a therapeutic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fraser Murray
- Pandeia Therapeutics, Oxford OX4 4GP, United Kingdom
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom; , .,Current affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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11
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Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Zhang X, Xin P, Johnson MT, Fike AJ, Walter V, Hempel N, Yule DI, Sneyd J, Gill DL, Trebak M. The native ORAI channel trio underlies the diversity of Ca 2+ signaling events. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2444. [PMID: 32415068 PMCID: PMC7229178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential role of ORAI1 channels in receptor-evoked Ca2+ signaling is well understood, yet little is known about the physiological activation of the ORAI channel trio natively expressed in all cells. The roles of ORAI2 and ORAI3 have remained obscure. We show that ORAI2 and ORAI3 channels play a critical role in mediating the regenerative Ca2+ oscillations induced by physiological receptor activation, yet ORAI1 is dispensable in generation of oscillations. We reveal that ORAI2 and ORAI3 channels multimerize with ORAI1 to expand the range of sensitivity of receptor-activated Ca2+ signals, reflecting their enhanced basal STIM1-binding and heightened Ca2+-dependent inactivation. This broadened bandwidth of Ca2+ influx is translated by cells into differential activation of NFAT1 and NFAT4 isoforms. Our results uncover a long-sought role for ORAI2 and ORAI3, revealing an intricate control mechanism whereby heteromerization of ORAI channels mediates graded Ca2+ signals that extend the agonist-sensitivity to fine-tune transcriptional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Adam J Fike
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 711, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Auckland, 38 Princes Street, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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12
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Zuconelli CR, Schmidt S, Wallbrecher R, van Oostrum J, Bartels YL, Didan Y, Berendsen ML, Brock R, Adjobo-Hermans MJ. Modulation of Orai1 by cationic peptides triggers their direct cytosolic uptake. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Zhang IX, Raghavan M, Satin LS. The Endoplasmic Reticulum and Calcium Homeostasis in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Endocrinology 2020; 161:bqz028. [PMID: 31796960 PMCID: PMC7028010 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mediates the first steps of protein assembly within the secretory pathway and is the site where protein folding and quality control are initiated. The storage and release of Ca2+ are critical physiological functions of the ER. Disrupted ER homeostasis activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), a pathway which attempts to restore cellular equilibrium in the face of ER stress. Unremitting ER stress, and insufficient compensation for it results in beta-cell apoptosis, a process that has been linked to both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both types are characterized by progressive beta-cell failure and a loss of beta-cell mass, although the underlying causes are different. The reduction of mass occurs secondary to apoptosis in the case of T2D, while beta cells undergo autoimmune destruction in T1D. In this review, we examine recent findings that link the UPR pathway and ER Ca2+ to beta cell dysfunction. We also discuss how UPR activation in beta cells favors cell survival versus apoptosis and death, and how ER protein chaperones are involved in regulating ER Ca2+ levels. Abbreviations: BiP, Binding immunoglobulin Protein ER; endoplasmic reticulum; ERAD, ER-associated protein degradation; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; KHE, proton-K+ exchanger; MODY, maturity-onset diabetes of young; PERK, PRKR-like ER kinase; SERCA, Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPases; T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; UPR, unfolded protein response; WRS, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina X Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Brehm Diabetes Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Malini Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Leslie S Satin
- Department of Pharmacology and Brehm Diabetes Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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14
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Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is of paramount importance to immunity. Regulated increases in cytosolic and organellar Ca2+ concentrations in lymphocytes control complex and crucial effector functions such as metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, antibody and cytokine secretion and cytotoxicity. Altered Ca2+ regulation in lymphocytes leads to various autoimmune, inflammatory and immunodeficiency syndromes. Several types of plasma membrane and organellar Ca2+-permeable channels are functional in T cells. They contribute highly localized spatial and temporal Ca2+ microdomains that are required for achieving functional specificity. While the mechanistic details of these Ca2+ microdomains are only beginning to emerge, it is evident that through crosstalk, synergy and feedback mechanisms, they fine-tune T cell signalling to match complex immune responses. In this article, we review the expression and function of various Ca2+-permeable channels in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and endolysosomes of T cells and their role in shaping immunity and the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Jean-Pierre Kinet
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Herrmann AK, Wüllner V, Moos S, Graf J, Chen J, Kieseier B, Kurschus FC, Albrecht P, Vangheluwe P, Methner A. Dimethyl fumarate alters intracellular Ca 2+ handling in immune cells by redox-mediated pleiotropic effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:338-347. [PMID: 31279969 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is widely used to treat the human autoimmune diseases multiple sclerosis (MS) and psoriasis. DMF causes short-term oxidative stress and activates the antioxidant response via the transcription factor Nrf2 but its immunosuppressive effect is not well understood. Immune cell activation depends on calcium signaling which itself is influenced by the cellular redox state. We therefore measured calcium, reactive oxygen species levels and glutathione content in lymphocytes from immunized mice before onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MS patients treated with DMF, and in mouse splenocytes treated ex vivo with DMF. This demonstrated altered redox states and increased lymphocytic calcium levels in all model systems. DMF caused an immediate influx of calcium from the extracellular space, long-term increased cytosolic calcium levels and reduced calcium stored in intracellular stores. The DMF-elicited current had the electrophysiological characteristics of a transient receptor potential channel and the intracellular calcium levels were normalized by antagonists of TRPA1. Interestingly, the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase SERCA2b was downregulated but more active due to glutathionylation of the redox-sensitive cysteine 674. DMF therefore causes pleiotropic changes in cellular calcium homeostasis which are likely caused by redox-sensitive post-translational modifications. These changes probably contribute to its immunosuppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Herrmann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena Wüllner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonja Moos
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Graf
- Dept. of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jialin Chen
- Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leudven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Kieseier
- Dept. of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florian C Kurschus
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- Dept. of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leudven, Belgium
| | - Axel Methner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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16
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A calcium/cAMP signaling loop at the ORAI1 mouth drives channel inactivation to shape NFAT induction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1971. [PMID: 31036819 PMCID: PMC6488650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ORAI1 constitutes the store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel crucial for life. Whereas ORAI1 activation by Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins is known, still obscure is how ORAI1 is turned off through Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI), protecting against Ca2+ toxicity. Here we identify a spatially-restricted Ca2+/cAMP signaling crosstalk critical for mediating CDI. Binding of Ca2+-activated adenylyl cyclase 8 (AC8) to the N-terminus of ORAI1 positions AC8 near the mouth of ORAI1 for sensing Ca2+. Ca2+ permeating ORAI1 activates AC8 to generate cAMP and activate PKA. PKA, positioned by AKAP79 near ORAI1, phosphorylates serine-34 in ORAI1 pore extension to induce CDI whereas recruitment of the phosphatase calcineurin antagonizes the effect of PKA. Notably, CDI shapes ORAI1 cytosolic Ca2+ signature to determine the isoform and degree of NFAT activation. Thus, we uncover a mechanism of ORAI1 inactivation, and reveal a hitherto unappreciated role for inactivation in shaping cellular Ca2+ signals and NFAT activation. ORAI1 constitutes the store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel, but how this channel is turned off through Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) remained unclear. Here the authors identify a spatially-restricted Ca2+/cAMP signaling crosstalk critical for mediating CDI which in turn regulates cellular Ca2+ signals and NFAT activation.
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17
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Soboloff J, Romanin C. STIM1 structure-function and downstream signaling pathways. Cell Calcium 2019; 80:101-102. [PMID: 30999215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, United States; Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, United States.
| | - Christoph Romanin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Life Science Center, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
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18
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Calcium Imaging of Store-Operated Calcium (Ca 2+) Entry (SOCE) in HEK293 Cells Using Fura-2. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1925:163-172. [PMID: 30674026 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9018-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The store-operated calcium (Ca2+) entry (SOCE) pathway is an essential Ca2+ signaling pathway in non-excitable cells that serve many physiological functions. SOCE is mediated through the plasma membrane (PM) protein, Orai1, and the endoplasmic reticulum protein, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). One of the most well-established methods to study SOCE is using the Ca2+-sensing dye, fura-2. Here we describe a detailed protocol on how to use fura-2 to study Ca2+ signaling from SOCE in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells.
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19
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Zhou L, Lei Y, Zhang Y, Huang C. Redox signaling and unfolded protein response coordinate cell fate decisions under ER stress. Redox Biol 2018; 25:101047. [PMID: 30470534 PMCID: PMC6859529 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle orchestrating the folding and post-translational maturation of almost all membrane proteins and most secreted proteins. These proteins synthesized in the ER, need to form disulfide bridge to acquire specific three-dimensional structures for function. The formation of disulfide bridge is mediated via protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family and other oxidoreductases, which contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and consumption in the ER. Therefore, redox regulation of ER is delicate and sensitive to perturbation. Deregulation in ER homeostasis, usually called ER stress, can provoke unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways with an aim to initially restore homeostasis by activating genes involved in protein folding and antioxidative machinery. Over time, however, activated UPR involves a variety of cellular signaling pathways which determine the state and fate of cell in large part (like autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, inflammation, senescence, stemness, and cell cycle, etc.). This review will describe the regulation of UPR from the redox perspective in controlling the cell survival or death, emphasizing the redox modifications of UPR sensors/transducers in the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yunlong Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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20
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Latour S, Mahouche I, Cherrier F, Azzi-Martin L, Velasco V, Soubeyran P, Merlio JP, Poglio S, Bresson-Bepoldin L. Calcium Independent Effect of Orai1 and STIM1 in Non-Hodgkin B Cell Lymphoma Dissemination. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110402. [PMID: 30373149 PMCID: PMC6267368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels, composed of Orai1 and STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) proteins, are the main Ca2+ entry mechanism in lymphocytes. Their role in cell migration and metastasis is demonstrated in solid cancers but it remains elusive in malignant hemopathies. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by the dissemination of neoplastic B cells throughout the organism which is under the control of chemokines such as Stromal Derived Factor 1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4. CXCR4 activation triggers a complex intracellular signaling including an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration whose role is still unclear. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we revealed that STIM1 and Orai1 were responsible for Ca2+ influx induced by SDF-1. Furthermore, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that they are necessary for basal or SDF-1-induced DLBCL cell migration which is independent of Ca2+ entry. We identify that they act as effectors coupling RhoA and ROCK dependent signaling pathway to MLC2 phosphorylation and actin polymerization. Finally, we revealed an alteration of Orai1 and STIM1 expression in extra-nodal DLBCL. Thus, we discovered a novel Ca2+-independent but Orai1 and STIM1-dependent signaling pathway involved in basal and CXCR4 dependent cell migration, which could be relevant for DLBCL physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Latour
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Isabelle Mahouche
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Floriane Cherrier
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Lamia Azzi-Martin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Valérie Velasco
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Pierre Soubeyran
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jean-Philippe Merlio
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Sandrine Poglio
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Laurence Bresson-Bepoldin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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21
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Induction of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) suppresses glioblastoma growth by inhibiting the Hippo pathway transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ. Oncogene 2018; 38:120-139. [PMID: 30082911 PMCID: PMC6318057 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most aggressive brain cancers without effective therapeutics. The Hippo pathway transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ were implicated as drivers in GBM progression and could be therapeutic targets. Here, we found in an unbiased screen of 1650 compounds that amlodipine is able to inhibit survival of GBM cells by suppressing YAP/TAZ activities. Instead of its known function as an L-type calcium channel blocker, we found that amlodipine is able to activate Ca2+ entry by enhancing store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Amlodipine as well as approaches that cause store depletion and activate SOCE trigger phosphorylation and activation of Lats1/2, which in turn phosphorylate YAP/TAZ and prevent their accumulation in the cell nucleus. Furthermore, we identified that protein kinase C (PKC) beta II is a major mediator of Ca2+-induced Lats1/2 activation. Ca2+ induces accumulation of PKC beta II in an actin cytoskeletal compartment. Such translocation depends on inverted formin-2 (INF2). Depletion of INF2 disrupts both PKC beta II translocation and Lats1/2 activation. Functionally, we found that elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ or PKC beta II expression inhibits YAP/TAZ-mediated gene transcription. In vivo PKC beta II expression inhibits GBM tumor growth and prolongs mouse survival through inhibition of YAP/TAZ in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model. Our studies indicate that Ca2+ is a crucial intracellular cue that regulates the Hippo pathway, and that triggering SOCE could be a strategy to target YAP/TAZ in GBM.
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22
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Trebak M, Putney JW. ORAI Calcium Channels. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 32:332-342. [PMID: 28615316 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00011.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we discuss the different gene products and translational variants of ORAI proteins and their contribution to the makeup of different native calcium-conducting channels with distinct compositions and modes of activation. We also review the different modes of regulation of these distinct calcium channels and their impact on downstream cellular signaling controlling important physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Trebak
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and
| | - James W Putney
- The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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23
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CRAC channels as targets for drug discovery and development. Cell Calcium 2018; 74:147-159. [PMID: 30075400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels have been the target of drug discovery for many years. The identification of STIM and Orai proteins as key components of CRAC channels greatly facilitated this process because their co-expression in cell lines produced electrophysiological currents (ICRAC) much larger than those in native cells, making it easier to confirm and characterize the effects of modulatory compounds. A driving force in the quest for CRAC channel drugs has been the immunocompromised phenotype displayed by humans and mice with null or loss-of-function mutations in STIM1 or Orai1, suggesting that CRAC channel inhibitors could be useful therapeutics for autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. Emerging data also suggests that other therapeutic conditions may benefit from CRAC channel inhibition. However, only recently have CRAC channel inhibitors reached clinical trials. This review discusses the challenges associated with drug discovery and development on CRAC channels and the approaches employed to date, as well as the results, starting from initial high-throughput screens for CRAC channel modulators and progressing through target selection and justification, descriptions of pharmacological, safety and toxicological profiles of compounds, and finally the entry of CRAC channel inhibitors into clinical trials.
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Putney
- Scientist Emeritus, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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25
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Fine-tuning of store-operated calcium entry by fast and slow Ca 2+-dependent inactivation: Involvement of SARAF. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1865:463-469. [PMID: 29223474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a functionally relevant mechanism for Ca2+ influx present in electrically excitable and non-excitable cells. Regulation of Ca2+ entry through store-operated channels is essential to maintain an appropriate intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and prevent cell damage. Calcium-release activated channels exhibit Ca2+-dependent inactivation mediated by two temporally separated mechanisms: fast Ca2+-dependent inactivation takes effect in the order of milliseconds and involves the interaction of Ca2+ with residues in the channel pore while slow Ca2+-dependent inactivation (SCDI) develops over tens of seconds, requires a global rise in [Ca2+]cyt and is a mechanism regulated by mitochondria. Recent studies have provided evidence that the protein SARAF (SOCE-associated regulatory factor) is involved in the mechanism underlying SCDI of Orai1. SARAF is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that associates with STIM1 and translocate to plasma membrane-ER junctions in a STIM1-dependent manner upon store depletion to modulate SOCE. SCDI mediated by SARAF depends on the location of the STIM1-Orai1 complex within a PI(4,5)P2-rich microdomain. SARAF also interacts with Orai1 and TRPC1 in cells endogenously expressing STIM1 and cells with a low STIM1 expression and modulates channel function. This review focuses on the modulation by SARAF of SOCE and other forms of Ca2+ influx mediated by Orai1 and TRPC1 in order to provide spatio-temporally regulated Ca2+ signals.
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26
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Putney JW. Forms and functions of store-operated calcium entry mediators, STIM and Orai. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 68:88-96. [PMID: 29217255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signals arise by multiple mechanisms, including mechanisms of release of intracellular stored Ca2+, and the influx of Ca2+ through channels in the plasma membrane. One mechanism that links these two sources of Ca2+ is store-operated Ca2+ entry, the most commonly encountered version of which involves the extensively studied calcium-release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. The minimal and essential molecular components of the CRAC channel are the STIM proteins that function as Ca2+ sensors in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Orai proteins that comprise the pore forming subunits of the CRAC channel. CRAC channels are known to play significant roles in a wide variety of physiological functions. This review discusses the multiple forms of STIM and Orai proteins encountered in mammalian cells, and discusses some specific examples of how these proteins modulate or mediate important physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Putney
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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27
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Zhao L, Thorsheim CL, Suzuki A, Stalker TJ, Min SH, Lian L, Fairn GD, Cockcroft S, Durham A, Krishnaswamy S, Abrams CS. Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein-α in platelets is inconsequential for thrombosis yet is utilized for tumor metastasis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1216. [PMID: 29084966 PMCID: PMC5662573 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are increasingly recognized for their contributions to tumor metastasis. Here, we show that the phosphoinositide signaling modulated by phosphatidylinositol transfer protein type α (PITPα), a protein which shuttles phosphatidylinositol between organelles, is essential for platelet-mediated tumor metastasis. PITPα-deficient platelets have reduced intracellular pools of phosphoinositides and an 80% reduction in IP3 generation upon platelet activation. Unexpectedly, mice lacking platelet PITPα form thrombi normally at sites of intravascular injuries. However, following intravenous injection of tumor cells, mice lacking PITPα develop fewer lung metastases due to a reduction of fibrin formation surrounding the tumor cells, rendering the metastases susceptible to mucosal immunity. These findings demonstrate that platelet PITPα-mediated phosphoinositide signaling is inconsequential for in vivo hemostasis, yet is critical for in vivo dissemination. Moreover, this demonstrates that signaling pathways within platelets may be segregated into pathways that are essential for thrombosis formation and pathways that are important for non-hemostatic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chelsea L Thorsheim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aae Suzuki
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Timothy J Stalker
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sang H Min
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lurong Lian
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Amy Durham
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Charles S Abrams
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Olianas MC, Dedoni S, Onali P. Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Potentiate 5'-Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Stimulation and Glucose Uptake Triggered by Thapsigargin-Induced Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Neurochem Res 2017; 43:245-258. [PMID: 28994003 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of the cellular energy metabolism and may induce either cell survival or death. We previously reported that in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) activate AMPK by triggering store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). However, whether mAChRs may control AMPK activity by regulating additional mechanisms beyond SOCE remains to be investigated. In the present study we examined the effects of mAChRs on AMPK when SOCE was induced by the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin. We found that in SH-SY5Y cells depleted of Ca2+ by thapsigargin, the re-addition Ca2+ to the medium stimulated AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172, which is required for full kinase activity. This response occurred through SOCE, as it was blocked by either the SOCE modulator 2-aminoethoxydiphephenyl borate, knockdown of the SOCE molecular component STIM1, or inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ). In thapsigargin-pretreated cells, stimulation of pharmacologically defined M3 mAChRs potentiated SOCE-induced AMPK activation. This potentiation did not involve an increased Ca2+ influx, but was associated with CaM mobilization from membrane to cytosol, increased CaM/CaMKKβ interaction, and enhanced CaMKK stimulation by thapsigargin-induced SOCE. In thapsigargin-pretreated cells Ca2+ re-addition stimulated glucose uptake and increased the membrane expression of the glucose transporter GLUT1. Both responses were significantly potentiated by mAChRs. These data indicate that in human neuroblastoma cells mAChRs up-regulate AMPK and the downstream glucose uptake by triggering not only SOCE but also CaM translocation and enhanced formation of active CaM/CaMKKβ complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Olianas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Simona Dedoni
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Onali
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Dalghi MG, Ferreira-Gomes M, Montalbetti N, Simonin A, Strehler EE, Hediger MA, Rossi JP. Cortical cytoskeleton dynamics regulates plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform-2 (PMCA2) activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1413-1424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Leon-Aparicio D, Chavez-Reyes J, Guerrero-Hernandez A. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum calcium leak by 2-APB depends on the luminal calcium concentration. Cell Calcium 2017; 65:80-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Maher P, van Leyen K, Dey PN, Honrath B, Dolga A, Methner A. The role of Ca 2+ in cell death caused by oxidative glutamate toxicity and ferroptosis. Cell Calcium 2017; 70:47-55. [PMID: 28545724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a fundamental role in cell death mediated by oxidative glutamate toxicity or oxytosis, a form of programmed cell death similar and possibly identical to other forms of cell death like ferroptosis. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space occurs late in a cascade characterized by depletion of the intracellular antioxidant glutathione, increases in cytosolic reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we aim to compare oxidative glutamate toxicity with ferroptosis, address the signaling pathways that culminate in Ca2+ influx and cell death and discuss the proteins that mediate this. Recent evidence hints toward a role of the machinery responsible for store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which refills the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after receptor-mediated ER Ca2+ release or other forms of store depletion. Pharmacological inhibition of SOCE or transcriptional downregulation of proteins involved in SOCE like the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1, the plasma membrane Ca2+ channels Orai1 and TRPC1 and the linking protein Homer protects against oxidative glutamate toxicity and direct oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) injury, a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. This suggests that SOCE inhibition might have some potential therapeutic effects in human disease associated with oxidative stress like neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Partha Narayan Dey
- University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Birgit Honrath
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Axel Methner
- University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Neurology, Mainz, Germany.
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Bird GS. Cell Calcium special issue: Preface. Cell Calcium 2017; 63:1-2. [PMID: 28356193 PMCID: PMC5502674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The enclosed submission is a Preface for the Cell Calcium Special Issue devoted to the proceedings of the ‘International Conference on Calcium Signaling: from stores to channels’. The conference was held in honor of Dr. James W. Putney who published his seminal work on the hypothesis on Capacitative Calcium Entry (CCE) in Cell Calcium in 1986. Thirty years later, attendees at the conference presented state-of-the-art research on calcium signaling from basic molecular and cellular mechanisms to the physiological and clinical relevance of the process. This Special Issue of Cell Calcium is intended to present much of the exciting work discussed at the conference, illustrating the depth and breadth of our understanding of CCE and calcium signaling. This submission contains a written Preface and is accompanied by three figures. Separately, an image will be sent to the journal offices for its consideration and use on the front cover of this Special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Bird
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
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Abstract
Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane is a key component of the receptor-evoked Ca2+ signaling that mediate numerous cell functions and reload the ER after partial or full ER Ca2+ store depletion. Ca2+ influx is activated in response to Ca2+ release from the ER, a concept developed by Jim Putney, and the channels mediating the influx are thus called store-operated Ca2+ influx channels, or SOCs. The molecular identity of the SOCs has been determined with the identification of the TRPC channels, STIM1 and the Orai channels. These channels are targeted to, operate and are regulated when at the ER/PM junctions. ER/PM junctions are a form of membrane contact sites (MCSs) that are present in all parts of the cells, where the ER makes contacts with cellular membranes and organelles. MCSs have many cellular functions, and are the sites of lipid and Ca2+ transport and delivery between organelles. This short review discusses aspects of MCSs in the context of Ca2+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Young Chung
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, United States
| | - Archana Jha
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, United States
| | - Malini Ahuja
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, United States
| | - Shmuel Muallem
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, United States.
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Tanwar J, Trebak M, Motiani RK. Cardiovascular and Hemostatic Disorders: Role of STIM and Orai Proteins in Vascular Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:425-452. [PMID: 28900927 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mediated by STIM and Orai proteins is a highly regulated and ubiquitous signaling pathway that plays an important role in various cellular and physiological functions. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as the major site for intracellular Ca2+ storage. Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/2 (STIM1/2) sense decrease in ER Ca2+ levels and transmits the message to plasma membrane Ca2+ channels constituted by Orai family members (Orai1/2/3) resulting in Ca2+ influx into the cells. This increase in cytosolic Ca2+ in turn activates a variety of signaling cascades to regulate a plethora of cellular functions. Evidence from the literature suggests that SOCE dysregulation is associated with several pathophysiologies, including vascular disorders. Interestingly, recent studies have suggested that STIM proteins may also regulate vascular functions independent of their contribution to SOCE. In this updated book chapter, we will focus on the physiological role of STIM and Orai proteins in the vasculature (endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells). We will further retrospect the literature implicating a critical role for these proteins in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Tanwar
- Systems Biology Group, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Rajender K Motiani
- Systems Biology Group, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110020, India.
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Putney JW. Store-Operated Calcium Entry: An Historical Overview. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 981:205-214. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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STIM-TRP Pathways and Microdomain Organization: Ca 2+ Influx Channels: The Orai-STIM1-TRPC Complexes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:139-157. [PMID: 28900913 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ influx by plasma membrane Ca2+ channels is the crucial component of the receptor-evoked Ca2+ signal. The two main Ca2+ influx channels of non-excitable cells are the Orai and TRPC families of Ca2+ channels. These channels are activated in response to cell stimulation and Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The protein that conveys the Ca2+ content of the ER to the plasma membrane is the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1. STIM1 activates the Orai channels and is obligatory for channel opening. TRPC channels can function in two modes, as STIM1-dependent and STIM1-independent. When activated by STIM1, both channel types function at the ER/PM (plasma membrane) junctions. This chapter describes the properties and regulation of the channels by STIM1, with emphasis how and when TRPC channels function as STIM1-dependent and STIM1-independent modes and their unique Ca2+-dependent physiological functions that are not shared with the Orai channels.
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Putney JW, Steinckwich-Besançon N, Numaga-Tomita T, Davis FM, Desai PN, D'Agostin DM, Wu S, Bird GS. The functions of store-operated calcium channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:900-906. [PMID: 27913208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium channels provide calcium signals to the cytoplasm of a wide variety of cell types. The basic components of this signaling mechanism include a mechanism for discharging Ca2+ stores (commonly but not exclusively phospholipase C and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate), a sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum that also serves as an activator of the plasma membrane channel (STIM1 and STIM2), and the store-operated channel (Orai1, 2 or 3). The advent of mice genetically altered to reduce store-operated calcium entry globally or in specific cell types has provided important tools to understand the functions of these widely encountered channels in specific and clinically important physiological systems. This review briefly discusses the history and cellular properties of store-operated calcium channels, and summarizes selected studies of their physiological functions in specific physiological or pathological contexts. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Putney
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Natacha Steinckwich-Besançon
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Takuro Numaga-Tomita
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Felicity M Davis
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Pooja N Desai
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Diane M D'Agostin
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Shilan Wu
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Gary S Bird
- The Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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38
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Stolwijk JA, Zhang X, Gueguinou M, Zhang W, Matrougui K, Renken C, Trebak M. Calcium Signaling Is Dispensable for Receptor Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22894-22912. [PMID: 27624938 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.756114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial barrier function is tightly regulated by plasma membrane receptors and is crucial for tissue fluid homeostasis; its dysfunction causes disease, including sepsis and inflammation. The ubiquitous activation of Ca2+ signaling upon phospholipase C-coupled receptor ligation leads quite naturally to the assumption that Ca2+ signaling is required for receptor-regulated endothelial barrier function. This widespread hypothesis draws analogy from smooth muscle and proposes the requirement of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-generated Ca2+ signaling in activating the endothelial contractile apparatus and generating interendothelial gaps. Notwithstanding endothelia being non-excitable in nature, the hypothesis of Ca2+-induced endothelial contraction has been invoked to explain actions of GPCR agonists that either disrupt or stabilize endothelial barrier function. Here, we challenge this correlative hypothesis by showing a lack of causal link between GPCR-generated Ca2+ signaling and changes in human microvascular endothelial barrier function. We used three endogenous GPCR agonists: thrombin and histamine, which disrupt endothelial barrier function, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, which stabilizes barrier function. The qualitatively different effects of these three agonists on endothelial barrier function occur independently of Ca2+ entry through the ubiquitous store-operated Ca2+ entry channel Orai1, global Ca2+ entry across the plasma membrane, and Ca2+ release from internal stores. However, disruption of endothelial barrier function by thrombin and histamine requires the Ca2+ sensor stromal interacting molecule-1 (STIM1), whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated enhancement of endothelial barrier function occurs independently of STIM1. We conclude that although STIM1 is required for GPCR-mediated disruption of barrier function, a causal link between GPCR-induced cytoplasmic Ca2+ increases and acute changes in barrier function is missing. Thus, the cytosolic Ca2+-induced endothelial contraction is a cum hoc fallacy that should be abandoned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Stolwijk
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033.,the Applied Biophysics Inc., Troy, New York 12180
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Maxime Gueguinou
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- the Department of Physiological Sciences, East Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, and
| | | | - Mohamed Trebak
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033,
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39
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Young RC, Schumann R, Zhang P. Nifedipine Block of Capacitative Calcium Entry in Cultured Human Uterine Smooth-Muscle Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/107155760100800405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger C. Young
- Department of Obstretrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 634, Charleston, SC 29425
| | | | - Peisheng Zhang
- Department of Obstretrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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40
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Weatherly LM, Shim J, Hashmi HN, Kennedy RH, Hess ST, Gosse JA. Antimicrobial agent triclosan is a proton ionophore uncoupler of mitochondria in living rat and human mast cells and in primary human keratinocytes. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:777-89. [PMID: 26204821 PMCID: PMC4724348 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial used widely in hospitals and personal care products, at ~10 mm. Human skin efficiently absorbs TCS. Mast cells are ubiquitous key players both in physiological processes and in disease, including asthma, cancer and autism. We previously showed that non-cytotoxic levels of TCS inhibit degranulation, the release of histamine and other mediators, from rat basophilic leukemia mast cells (RBL-2H3), and in this study, we replicate this finding in human mast cells (HMC-1.2). Our investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect led to the discovery that TCS disrupts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in RBL-2H3 cells in glucose-free, galactose-containing media (95% confidence interval EC50 = 7.5-9.7 µm), without causing cytotoxicity. Using these same glucose-free conditions, 15 µm TCS dampens RBL-2H3 degranulation by 40%. The same ATP disruption was found with human HMC-1.2 cells (EC50 4.2-13.7 µm), NIH-3 T3 mouse fibroblasts (EC50 4.8-7.4 µm) and primary human keratinocytes (EC50 3.0-4.1 µm) all with no cytotoxicity. TCS increases oxygen consumption rate in RBL-2H3 cells. Known mitochondrial uncouplers (e.g., carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone) previously were found to inhibit mast cell function. TCS-methyl, which has a methyl group in place of the TCS ionizable proton, affects neither degranulation nor ATP production at non-cytotoxic doses. Thus, the effects of TCS on mast cell function are due to its proton ionophore structure. In addition, 5 µm TCS inhibits thapsigargin-stimulated degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells: further evidence that TCS disrupts mast cell signaling. Our data indicate that TCS is a mitochondrial uncoupler, and TCS may affect numerous cell types and functions via this mechanism. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Weatherly
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME, 04469
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
| | - Juyoung Shim
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
| | - Hina N. Hashmi
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
| | - Rachel H. Kennedy
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME, 04469
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
| | - Samuel T. Hess
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME, 04469
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
| | - Julie A. Gosse
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME, 04469
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469
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Spinelli AM, Trebak M. Orai channel-mediated Ca2+ signals in vascular and airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C402-13. [PMID: 26718630 PMCID: PMC4796280 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Orai (Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3) proteins form a family of highly Ca(2+)-selective plasma membrane channels that are regulated by stromal-interacting molecules (STIM1 and STIM2); STIM proteins are Ca(2+) sensors located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. STIM and Orai proteins are expressed in vascular and airway smooth muscle and constitute the molecular components of the ubiquitous store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway that mediate the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) current. STIM/Orai proteins also encode store-independent Ca(2+) entry pathways in smooth muscle. Altered expression and function of STIM/Orai proteins have been linked to vascular and airway pathologies, including restenosis, hypertension, and atopic asthma. In this review we discuss our current understanding of Orai proteins and the store-dependent and -independent signaling pathways mediated by these proteins in vascular and airway smooth muscle. We also discuss the current studies linking altered expression and function of Orai proteins with smooth muscle-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Spinelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Chang CL, Liou J. Homeostatic regulation of the PI(4,5)P2-Ca(2+) signaling system at ER-PM junctions. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:862-873. [PMID: 26924250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-Ca(2+) signaling system is important for cell activation in response to various extracellular stimuli. This signaling system is initiated by receptor-induced hydrolysis of PI(4,5)P2 in the plasma membrane (PM) to generate the soluble second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 subsequently triggers the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) store to the cytosol to activate Ca(2+)-mediated responses, such as secretion and proliferation. The consumed PM PI(4,5)P2 and ER Ca(2+) must be quickly restored to sustain signaling responses, and to maintain the homeostasis of PI(4,5)P2 and Ca(2+). Since phosphatidylinositol (PI), the precursor lipid for PM PI(4,5)P2, is synthesized in the ER membrane, and a Ca(2+) influx across the PM is required to refill the ER Ca(2+) store, efficient communications between the ER and the PM are critical for the homeostatic regulation of the PI(4,5)P2-Ca(2+) signaling system. This review describes the major findings that established the framework of the PI(4,5)P2-Ca(2+) signaling system, and recent discoveries on feedback control mechanisms at ER-PM junctions that sustain the PI(4,5)P2-Ca(2+) signaling system. Particular emphasis is placed on the characterization of ER-PM junctions where efficient communications between the ER and the PM occur, and the activation mechanisms of proteins that dynamically localize to ER-PM junctions to provide the feedback control during PI(4,5)P2-Ca(2+) signaling, including the ER Ca(2+) sensor STIM1, the extended synaptotagmin E-Syt1, and the PI transfer protein Nir2. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Lun Chang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jen Liou
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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The Calcium Entry-Calcium Refilling Coupling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:333-52. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Albarran L, Lopez JJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Historical Overview of Store-Operated Ca(2+) Entry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:3-24. [PMID: 27161222 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calcium influx is an essential mechanism for the activation of cellular functions both in excitable and non-excitable cells. In non-excitable cells, activation of phospholipase C by occupation of G protein-coupled receptors leads to the generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which, in turn, initiate two Ca(2+) entry pathways: Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) stores, signaled by IP3, leads to the activation of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE); on the other hand, DAG activates a distinct second messenger-operated pathway. SOCE is regulated by the filling state of the intracellular calcium stores. The search for the molecular components of SOCE has identified the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) as the Ca(2+) sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum and Orai1 as a store-operated channel (SOC) subunit. Furthermore, a number of reports have revealed that several members of the TRPC family of channels also take part of the SOC macromolecular complex. This introductory chapter summarizes the early pieces of evidence that led to the concept of SOCE and the components of the store-operated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Albarran
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M Salido
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Dental enamel cells express functional SOCE channels. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15803. [PMID: 26515404 PMCID: PMC4626795 DOI: 10.1038/srep15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel formation requires large quantities of Ca(2+) yet the mechanisms mediating Ca(2+) dynamics in enamel cells are unclear. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) channels are important Ca(2+) influx mechanisms in many cells. SOCE involves release of Ca(2+) from intracellular pools followed by Ca(2+) entry. The best-characterized SOCE channels are the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. As patients with mutations in the CRAC channel genes STIM1 and ORAI1 show abnormal enamel mineralization, we hypothesized that CRAC channels might be an important Ca(2+) uptake mechanism in enamel cells. Investigating primary murine enamel cells, we found that key components of CRAC channels (ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3, STIM1, STIM2) were expressed and most abundant during the maturation stage of enamel development. Furthermore, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) but not ryanodine receptor (RyR) expression was high in enamel cells suggesting that IP3Rs are the main ER Ca(2+) release mechanism. Passive depletion of ER Ca(2+) stores with thapsigargin resulted in a significant raise in [Ca(2+)]i consistent with SOCE. In cells pre-treated with the CRAC channel blocker Synta-66 Ca(2+) entry was significantly inhibited. These data demonstrate that enamel cells have SOCE mediated by CRAC channels and implicate them as a mechanism for Ca(2+) uptake in enamel formation.
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A γ-Secretase Independent Role for Presenilin in Calcium Homeostasis Impacts Mitochondrial Function and Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2015; 201:1453-66. [PMID: 26500256 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.182808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the presenilin (PSEN) encoding genes (PSEN1 and PSEN2) occur in most early onset familial Alzheimer's Disease. Despite the identification of the involvement of PSEN in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) ∼20 years ago, the underlying role of PSEN in AD is not fully understood. To gain insight into the biological function of PSEN, we investigated the role of the PSEN homolog SEL-12 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using genetic, cell biological, and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrate that mutations in sel-12 result in defects in calcium homeostasis, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, consistent with mammalian PSEN, we provide evidence that SEL-12 has a critical role in mediating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium release. Furthermore, we found that in SEL-12-deficient animals, calcium transfer from the ER to the mitochondria leads to fragmentation of the mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that the impact that SEL-12 has on mitochondrial function is independent of its role in Notch signaling, γ-secretase proteolytic activity, and amyloid plaques. Our results reveal a critical role for PSEN in mediating mitochondrial function by regulating calcium transfer from the ER to the mitochondria.
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Abstract
Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) are a major pathway for calcium signaling in virtually all metozoan cells and serve a wide variety of functions ranging from gene expression, motility, and secretion to tissue and organ development and the immune response. SOCs are activated by the depletion of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), triggered physiologically through stimulation of a diverse set of surface receptors. Over 15 years after the first characterization of SOCs through electrophysiology, the identification of the STIM proteins as ER Ca(2+) sensors and the Orai proteins as store-operated channels has enabled rapid progress in understanding the unique mechanism of store-operate calcium entry (SOCE). Depletion of Ca(2+) from the ER causes STIM to accumulate at ER-plasma membrane (PM) junctions where it traps and activates Orai channels diffusing in the closely apposed PM. Mutagenesis studies combined with recent structural insights about STIM and Orai proteins are now beginning to reveal the molecular underpinnings of these choreographic events. This review describes the major experimental advances underlying our current understanding of how ER Ca(2+) depletion is coupled to the activation of SOCs. Particular emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanisms of STIM and Orai activation, Orai channel properties, modulation of STIM and Orai function, pharmacological inhibitors of SOCE, and the functions of STIM and Orai in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Richard S Lewis
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Majewski L, Kuznicki J. SOCE in neurons: Signaling or just refilling? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:1940-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Nurbaeva MK, Eckstein M, Snead ML, Feske S, Lacruz RS. Store-operated Ca2+ Entry Modulates the Expression of Enamel Genes. J Dent Res 2015; 94:1471-7. [PMID: 26232387 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515598144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel formation is an intricate process tightly regulated by ameloblast cells. The correct spatiotemporal patterning of enamel matrix protein (EMP) expression is fundamental to orchestrate the formation of enamel crystals, which depend on a robust supply of Ca2+. In the extracellular milieu, Ca2+ -EMP interactions occur at different levels. Despite its recognized role in enamel development, the molecular machinery involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in ameloblasts remains poorly understood. A common mechanism for Ca2+ influx is store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We evaluated the possibility that Ca2+ influx in enamel cells might be mediated by SOCE and the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel, the prototypical SOCE channel. Using ameloblast-like LS8 cells, we demonstrate that these cells express Ca2+ -handling molecules and mediate Ca2+ influx through SOCE. As a rise in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is a versatile signal that can modulate gene expression, we assessed whether SOCE in enamel cells had any effect on the expression of EMPs. Our results demonstrate that stimulating LS8 cells or murine primary enamel organ cells with thapsigargin to activate SOCE leads to increased expression of Amelx, Ambn, Enam, Mmp20. This effect is reversed when cells are treated with a CRAC channel inhibitor. These data indicate that Ca2+ influx in LS8 cells and enamel organ cells is mediated by CRAC channels and that Ca2+ signals enhance the expression of EMPs. Ca2+ plays an important role not only in mineralizing dental enamel but also in regulating the expression of EMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Nurbaeva
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Eckstein
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - M L Snead
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Feske
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R S Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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Wang C, Zhang L, Jaeger LA, Machaty Z. Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry Sustains the Fertilization Ca2+ Signal in Pig Eggs. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:25. [PMID: 26063872 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.126151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in the maintenance of sperm-induced Ca(2+) oscillations was investigated in porcine eggs. We found that 10 μM gadolinium (Gd(3+)), which is known to inhibit SOCE, blocked Ca(2+) entry that was triggered by thapsigargin-induced store depletion and also caused an abrupt cessation of the fertilization Ca(2+) signal. In a similar manner 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole 2 (20 μM), and tetrapandin-2 (10 μM), potent SOCE inhibitors, also blocked thapsigargin-stimulated Ca(2+) entry and disrupted the Ca(2+) oscillations after sperm-egg fusion. The downregulation of Stim1 or Orai1 in the eggs did not alter the Ca(2+) content of the intracellular stores, whereas co-overexpression of these proteins led to the generation of irregular Ca(2+) transients after fertilization that stopped prematurely. We also found that thapsigargin completely emptied the endoplasmic reticulum, and that the series of Ca(2+) transients stopped abruptly after the addition of thapsigargin to the fertilized eggs, indicating that the proper reloading of the intracellular stores is a prerequisite for the maintenance of the Ca(2+) oscillations. These data strengthen our previous findings that in porcine eggs SOCE is a major signaling cascade that is responsible for sustaining the repetitive Ca(2+) signal at fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmin Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Laurie A Jaeger
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Zoltan Machaty
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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