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Pan J, Hu K, Yu X, Li W, Shen Y, Song Z, Guo Y, Yang M, Hu F, Xia Q, Du Z, Wu X. Beneficial associations between outdoor visible greenness at the workplace and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108327. [PMID: 38157607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greenness surrounding residential places has been found to significantly reduce the risk of diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear whether visible greenness exposure at the workplace has any impact on the risk of MetS. METHODS Visible greenness exposure was assessed using a Green View Index (GVI) based on street view images through a convolutional neural network model. We utilized logistic regression to examine the cross-sectional association between GVI and MetS as well as its components among 51,552 adults aged 18-60 in the city of Hangzhou, China, from January 2018 to December 2021. Stratified analyses were conducted by age and sex groups. Furthermore, a scenario analysis was conducted to investigate the risks of having MetS among adults in different GVI scenarios. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 40.1, and 38.5% were women. We found a statistically significant association between GVI and having MetS. Compared to the lowest quartile of GVI, participants in the highest quartile of GVI had a 17% (95% CI: 11-23%) lower odds of having MetS. The protective association was stronger in the males, but we did not observe such differences in different age groups. Furthermore, we found inverse associations between GVI and the odds of hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, obesity, and high levels of FPG. CONCLUSIONS Higher exposure to outdoor visible greenness in the workplace environment might have a protective effect against MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Pan
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kejia Hu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Shen
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenya Song
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Qunke Xia
- School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhenhong Du
- School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058 China.
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Eldakhakhny B, Enani S, Jambi H, Ajabnoor G, Al-Ahmadi J, Al-Raddadi R, Alsheikh L, Abdulaal WH, Gad H, Borai A, Bahijri S, Tuomilehto J. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3242. [PMID: 38137464 PMCID: PMC10740949 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jeddah, this study aims to understand the dietary and lifestyle-related risk factors among Jeddah's non-diabetic adults. (2) Material and Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, non-diabetic adults were sourced from public healthcare centers. Demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were surveyed. Blood pressure, anthropometrics, and fasting blood samples measuring plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were collected. The age cut-off for MetS was ascertained using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Variables influencing MetS were evaluated using univariate logistic regression, and consequential factors underwent multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and sex. (3) Results: Among 1339 participants, 16% had MetS, with age being the strongest predictor (p < 0.001). The optimal age cut-off was 32 years. For those <32, elevated BP in men and waist circumference (WC) in women were most prevalent. For those >32, elevated WC was dominant in both sexes. Univariate logistic regression revealed that higher income and education correlated with lower MetS prevalence, while marriage and smoking were risk factors. Adjusting for age and sex, only very high income had a significant low-risk association (p = 0.034). (4) Conclusion: MetS is notable in the studied group, with age as the pivotal predictor. High income reduces MetS risk, while marital status and smoking could increase it. Since this was a cross-sectional study, cohort studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah Eldakhakhny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (G.A.); (H.G.); (S.B.)
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumia Enani
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Jambi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Ajabnoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (G.A.); (H.G.); (S.B.)
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Al-Ahmadi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubna Alsheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (W.H.A.)
| | - Wesam H. Abdulaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (W.H.A.)
| | - Hoda Gad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (G.A.); (H.G.); (S.B.)
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Anwar Borai
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhad Bahijri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (G.A.); (H.G.); (S.B.)
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.); (H.J.); (J.A.-A.); (R.A.-R.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
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Mphekgwana PM, Sono-Setati ME, Mokgophi TV, Kifle YG, Madiba S, Modjadji P. Retrospective Analysis of the Outcome of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Coexisting Metabolic Syndrome and HIV Using Multinomial Logistic Regression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105799. [PMID: 37239527 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the coexistence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and HIV has become an important public health problem, putting coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients at risk for severe manifestations and higher mortality. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted to identify factors and determine their relationships with hospitalization outcomes for COVID-19 patients using secondary data from the Department of Health in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study included 15,151 patient clinical records of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. Data on MetS was extracted in the form of a cluster of metabolic factors. These included abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and impaired fasting glucose captured on an information sheet. Spatial distribution of mortality among patients was observed; overall (21-33%), hypertension (32-43%), diabetes (34-47%), and HIV (31-45%). A multinomial logistic regression model was applied to identify factors and determine their relationships with hospitalization outcomes for COVID-19 patients. Mortality among COVID-19 patients was associated with being older (≥50+ years), male, and HIV positive. Having hypertension and diabetes reduced the duration from admission to death. Being transferred from a primary health facility (PHC) to a referral hospital among COVID-19 patients was associated with ventilation and less chance of being transferred to another health facility when having HIV plus MetS. Patients with MetS had a higher mortality rate within seven days of hospitalization, followed by those with obesity as an individual component. MetS and its components such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity should be considered a composite predictor of COVID-19 fatal outcomes, mostly, increased risk of mortality. The study increases our understanding of the common contributing variables to severe manifestations and a greater mortality risk among COVID-19 hospitalized patients by investigating the influence of MetS, its components, and HIV coexistence. Prevention remains the mainstay for both communicable and non-communicable diseases. The findings underscore the need for improvement of critical care resources across South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Mphekgwana
- Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Musa E Sono-Setati
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Tania V Mokgophi
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Yehenew G Kifle
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Sphiwe Madiba
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
| | - Perpetua Modjadji
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
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Dehaghi BF, Mohammadi A, Amiri A. Investigation of the Relationship Between Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Metabolic Syndrome in One of the Oil Industries in the South of Iran. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:43-49. [PMID: 37206808 PMCID: PMC10188736 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the non-auditory effects of noise on humans has been of interest from different aspects. In this study, the relationship between noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study was performed on 1380 male workers of one of the oil and gas companies in the south of Iran. The data was obtained via clinical examination and hearing status assessment to evaluate the metabolic syndrome and its components, intravenous blood samples were taken and tested according to NCEPATPIII criteria. For statistical analysis, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 at a significant level of 0.05. The results showed that the body mass index variable increased the chance of developing metabolic syndrome by 11.4%. NIHL increases the chance of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.291). Also, the same results were observed in hypertriglyceridemia OR = 1.255, waist circumference (OR = 1.163), fasting blood sugar (OR = 1.159), blood pressure (OR = 1.068) and HDL (OR = 1.051). Considering the effect of NIHL on metabolic syndrome, it is possible to help reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and any of its components by controlling noise exposure and accordingly reducing non-auditory injuries to individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Mohammadi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Amiri
- Iran Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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5
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Moscarelli M, Paparella D, Angelini GD, Giannini F, Contegiacomo G, Marchese A, Nasso G, Albertini A, Fattouch K, Speziale G. The influence of metabolic syndrome in heart valve intervention. A multi-centric study. J Card Surg 2022; 37:5063-5072. [PMID: 36413686 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined as insulin resistance along with two or more of: obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and elevated blood pressure, on postoperative complications after isolated heart valve intervention remains controversial. We hypothesized that MetS may negatively influence the postoperative course in these patients. METHODS Patients from 10 cardiac units who underwent isolated valve intervention (mitral± $\pm $ tricuspid repair/replacement (mitral valve surgery [MVS]) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) were included. MetS was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and overall postoperative length of stay (LOS). Relevant postoperative complications were also recorded. RESULTS From 2010 to 2019, 17,283 patients underwent valve intervention. The MVS, SVAR, and TAVR accounted for the 39.4%, 48.2%, and 12.3% respectively of the whole. MetS compared to no-MetS was associated to higher mortality in the MVS group (6.5% vs. 2%, p < .001), but not in the SAVR and TAVR group. In both surgical cohorts, MetS was associated with increased complications including red blood cells transfusion, renal failure, mechanical ventilation time, intensive care and overall postoperative LOS (11 (9) vs. 10 (6), p < .001 and 10 (6) versus 10 (5) days, p = .002, MVS and [SAVR]). No differences were found in the TAVR cohort, with similar mortality and complications. CONCLUSION MetS was associated to more postoperative complications, with higher mortality in the MVS group. In the TAVR cohort, postoperative complications and mortality rate did not differ between patients with and without MetS, however LOS was longer in the MetS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moscarelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Paparella
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Santa Maria Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Giannini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Contegiacomo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Marchese
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Santa Maria Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nasso
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Albertini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Khalil Fattouch
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Maria Eleonora Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Speziale
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care & Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
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Mahadzir MDA, Quek KF, Ramadas A. Comprehending Nutrition and Lifestyle Behaviors of People with Metabolic Syndrome: A Focus Group Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1653. [PMID: 36141266 PMCID: PMC9498472 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Demographically and socio-culturally appropriate care is critical for empowering people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) to self-manage their condition. This focus group study aimed to explore the understanding of nutrition and lifestyle behaviors (NLBs) of Malaysians with MetS. Adults with MetS (N = 21) participated in four focus groups at a university's research clinic in Malaysia. A thematic framework analysis approach was applied to the focus group data using an initial coding framework developed from the Health Belief Model. Six main themes were identified on perceived motivations, barriers, and threats toward healthy NLBs. Motivations to adopt healthy NLBs were body image, personal experience of adverse complications, and family and social support. The perception that healthcare is a business model, the idea that changes in NLBs are difficult and expensive, and cultural influence on food intake were identified as barriers to healthy NLBs. Inadequate knowledge of MetS was identified as a subtheme in this study. Health education and health promotion activities that aim to modify the NLBs of people with MetS should consider the community's perception of motivation and barriers to change. Addressing these aspects in the development of programs can potentially increase program adoption and adherence, ensuring the success of community-based lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amutha Ramadas
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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Pertsch NJ, Garcia CM, Daniel Y, Phillips RK, Sagaityte E, Hagan MJ, Toms SA, Weil RJ. Outcomes for Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Undergoing Elective Carotid Endarterectomy. World Neurosurg 2022; 163:e146-e155. [PMID: 35338016 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder characterized by a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance that has been associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. We evaluated outcomes for patients with MetS after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the largest population to date. METHODS We performed a matched cohort analysis using clinical data from 2012 to 2018 in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. We used propensity scores to match patients to attain covariate balance and used logistic regression to assess odds of unfavorable outcomes, including a predefined primary outcome of composite cardiovascular incident. RESULTS We identified 50,423 eligible adult patients, of whom 14.2% qualified for MetS (n = 7156). Patients with MetS tended to have CEA at an earlier age, more functional dependence, and longer operative durations. After matching, MetS remained associated with the primary outcome of combined cardiovascular incident (odds ratio [OR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.72; P < 0.001), stroke (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12-1.85; P = 0.004), prolonged length of stay (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18-1.44; P < 0.001), and discharge to facility (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.08-1.61; P = 0.007). We also found that obesity alone is protective against combined cardiovascular incident, whereas hypertension with diabetes and MetS increase odds of a cardiovascular complication. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome is associated with adverse outcomes for adult patients undergoing elective CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Pertsch
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
| | - Catherine M Garcia
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Yonathan Daniel
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ronald K Phillips
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Emilija Sagaityte
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Matthew J Hagan
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Steven A Toms
- The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert J Weil
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southcoast Health, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
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Glucocorticosteroids and the Risk of NAFLD in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:4344905. [PMID: 35600209 PMCID: PMC9117063 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4344905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease increases. NAFLD is a chronic disease. One of the most common causes of NAFLD is an inadequate lifestyle, which is characterized by a lack or low physical activity and eating highly processed foods rich in saturated fat and salt and containing low amount of fiber. Moreover, disturbances in intestinal microbiome and the use of certain drugs may predispose to NAFLD. NAFLD is an increasingly described disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent data also indicate a frequent coexistence of metabolic syndrome in this group of patients. Certain groups of drugs also increase the risk of developing inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Particularly important in the development of NAFLD are steroids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, for example, IBD. NAFLD is one of the most frequent parenteral manifestations of the disease in IBD patients. However, there is still insufficient information on what dose and exposure time of selected types of steroids may lead to the development of NAFLD. It is necessary to conduct further research in this direction. Therefore, patients with IBD should be constantly monitored for risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
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Rashnuodi P, Afshari D, Shirali GA, Amiri A, Zadeh MR, Samani AS. Metabolic syndrome and its relationship with shift work in petrochemical workers. Work 2022; 71:1175-1182. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome is a complex of interdependent risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Shift work might have an impact on metabolic variables, and be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. To date, only few studies have been done on the prevalence of MetS in industrial work environments in Iran, and most of them have been conducted on a small sample size. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of shift work on prevalence of metabolic syndrome in one of the petrochemical companies in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 692 male workers of a petrochemical company in south-west Iran. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to criteria recommended by Adult Treatment Panel III. In order to determine correlation between MetS and its factors with shift work odds ratio (ORs) for the MetS, 95% confidence level (95% CL), chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Overall 15.1% of workers were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and 80% of them were shift workers. A significant difference for prevalence of metabolic syndrome and mean values for body mass index, blood pressure, fast blood sugar, waist circumference among shift workers and non-shift workers were identified (p < 0.001). Compared with the day workers, shift workers had a significantly higher risk of MetS (odds ratio = 4.852; 95% CI 2.34–9.974). CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and shift work in petrochemical workers. Promising intervention strategies are needed for prevention of metabolic disorders for shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Rashnuodi
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Davood Afshari
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholam Abbas Shirali
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Amiri
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marziye Raesi Zadeh
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Sahraneshin Samani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Taxi Drivers in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The occupation of taxi driving predisposes drivers to health risks, including obesity, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Although individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are documented, data is scarce on concurrent metabolic disturbances among commercial drivers. The prevalence of MetS and its components were determined in a cross-sectional study among taxi drivers (n = 362) in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. Sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle factors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Anthropometry, blood pressure, and glucose were measured. MetS was defined based on BMI strata, hypertension, and glucose levels. Data was analyzed using SPSS. The mean age of taxi drivers was 42 ± 10.9 years. Overall prevalence of MetS was 17.1%, with higher prevalence observed among older taxi drivers (24.2%) and those with longer experience in the industry (22.9%). Individual components of MetS were obesity (36%), hypertension (36%) and diabetes (46%), while smoking (30%), alcohol use (59%), and physical inactivity (71%) were observed. MetS was associated with duration in the taxi industry, and family history of diabetes among taxi drivers. The presence of MetS and its components among taxi drivers calls for early identification of cardiometabolic risks in the taxi industry and efforts towards achieving a healthier workforce.
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Azizi N, Shab-Bidar S, Bazshahi E, Lesani A, Javanbakht MH, Djafarian K. Joint association of meal frequency and diet quality with metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:12. [PMID: 35125109 PMCID: PMC8819902 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common complication that has been shown in various studies to be related to the frequency and timing of eating. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between meal timing and frequency with diet quality and prevalence of MetS. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS We analyzed data from 850 adults (20 to 59 years) and divided the participants into different categories in terms of frequency of eating occasions (EO) (5 ≥ , 6-7 and 7 <), meal (2 ≥ and 3) and snack (2 ≥ , 3 and 4 ≤) in a day. Daily food consumption was assessed using the structured three 24-h recalls. The quality of diet we calculated using the food quality score (FQS). Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the guidelines of the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III (ATP III). The covariates-adjusted relationships between exposures and outcomes were investigated using a logistic regression test and two-way ANOVA. RESULTS The overall prevalence of MetS in participants was 34.2%. The average FQS was 28.0. Increased frequency of EOs and snacks was related to the higher prevalence of MetS ((OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.24, 2.37; P < 0.01) and (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07, 1.68; P, 0.01), respectively). The adjusted mean of FQS was not significantly different between the EO as well as meals and snack categories. The joint association of EO frequency and snack frequency with diet quality showed a higher chance of having MetS ( (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.19, 4.66; P, 0.01 and (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.06, 2.68; P,0.02), respectively). Also, we observed a higher mean of high density level cholesterol in people with the highest FQS and lowest EO frequency (P,0.02). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the EO and snack frequency may be associated with the higher chance of MetS. We also found when the frequency of EO increases, the beneficial associations of the diet quality were overshadowed. To confirm our findings, well designed randomised clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Azizi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bazshahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Lesani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Lee JK. EFFECTS OF EXERCISE TYPE AND INTENSITY ON VISFATIN AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OBESITY. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127022020_0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Visfatin may regulate a variety of physiological functions and it has great potential to significantly enhance our knowledge of the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to metabolic abnormalities, such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, high low-density cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes, and physical activity is an important factor for the management of MS. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of visfatin on MS and MS risk factors through differences in aerobic exercise intensity and exercise type based on the premise of the same amount of exercise (energy expenditure of 400 kcal per day). Method: Thirty two obese, middle-aged women were randomly assigned to exercise intensity groups VO2max 50% (MAE, n=8) and VO2max 80% (VAE, n=8) and to type of exercise groups VO2max 50% + TRX (MARE, n=8) and VO2max 80% + TRX (VARE, n=8). The exercise program was performed 5 times a week. The data was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests within groups with LSD. Results: Body weight (p<.01 and p<.001) and % body fat (p<.05 and p<.01) significantly decreased in all groups and visfatin only increased significantly after exercise in the VARE group (p<.05). TG, glucose, and waist circumstance (p<.05, p<.01, and p<.001) significantly decreased in all groups and HDL-C (p<.05) only increased significantly after exercise only in the MARE group. Conclusion: These results suggest that, in spite of differences in exercise intensity and exercise type, exercise is effective in improving obesity and MS risk factors, but further research is needed on the exact mechanisms of visfatin. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment .
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Tung YT, Pan CH, Chien YW, Huang HY. Edible Mushrooms: Novel Medicinal Agents to Combat Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4970-4981. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200831151316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is an aggregation of conditions and associated with an increased risk of developing
diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries
and are valuable components of the diet because of their attractive taste, aroma, and nutritional value. Medicinal
mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low-fat content and a transisomer
of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fiber content, biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides
or polysaccharide β-glucans, alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols and terpenoids. In vitro experiments, animal
models, and even human studies have demonstrated not only fresh edible mushroom but also mushroom
extract that has great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as antiobesity,
cardioprotective and anti-diabetic effect. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods
and drugs. The focus of this report was to provide a concise and complete review of the novel medicinal properties
of fresh or dry mushroom and extracts, fruiting body or mycelium and its extracts, fiber, polysaccharides,
beta-glucan, triterpenes, fucoidan, ergothioneine from edible mushrooms that may help to prevent or treat metabolic
syndrome and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chien
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
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Li F, Li Y, Li Q, Shi X. Eriobotrya japonica leaf triterpenoid acids ameliorate metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice fed with high-fat diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110866. [PMID: 33113426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated in some studies that triterpenoid acid extract fromEriobotrya japonica leaf is beneficial to prevent hyperlipidemia or insulin resistance. However, the effect of triterpenoid acids in Eriobotrya japonica leaf on a series of typical symptoms of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been rarely studied systematically. Therefore, the present study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of Eriobotrya japonica leaf triterpenoid acids (ELTA) on MetS and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS ELTA (HPLC purity 95.2 %) was prepared and administered orally (200 mg/kg) to C57BL/6 J mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Pioglitazone (30 mg/kg) was used as a positive control drug. Food intake, body weight, total lipid in feces, lipid profiles, inflammatory factors in serum, hepatic glutathione, and lipid peroxide were measured. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed to evaluate insulin sensitivity. RT-qPCR and molecular docking were performed to explore the potential mechanism. RESULTS ELTA administration reduced body weight gain, relative liver weight, and relative visceral adipose weight. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hepatic total cholesterol, and hepatic triglycerides were also reduced. ELTA reduced the area under curve (AUC) of blood glucose curves in OGTT and ITT. Relative mRNA level analysis of genes related to MetS showed that ELTA can effectively increase the transcriptional levels of Nrf2, HO-1, PPAR-γ, GluT2, GK, FXR, while effectively decrease those of PTP1B, p65, TNF-α, IL-6, SREBP, 11βHSD-1. Molecular docking showed that the ligands in ELTA can bind to 11βHSD-1, GK, PPAR-γ, and JNK, the important targets involved in MetS. CONCLUSIONS ELTA can effectively alleviate visceral central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation of HFD-induced MetS in C57BL/6 J mice. This is possibly achieved by acting on 11βHSD-1, GK, PPAR-γ, and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Yijia Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China
| | - Qingxian Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China
| | - Xianai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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Baek KW, Lee DI, Jeong MJ, Kang SA, Choe Y, Yoo JI, Yu HS, Kim JS. Effects of lifelong spontaneous exercise on the M1/M2 macrophage polarization ratio and gene expression in adipose tissue of super-aged mice. Exp Gerontol 2020; 141:111091. [PMID: 32931843 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the adipose tissue (AT), an increase in the M1 macrophage (M1Ø)/M2 macrophage (M2Ø) polarization ratio can be a risk factor enhancing the inflammatory response during aging, as well as increasing the risk of chronic disease, thereby reducing lifespan, or at least reducing "healthy" lifespan. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the AT M1Ø/M2Ø polarization ratio at the final lifespan stage in aged and control animals performing lifelong spontaneous wheel running. Based on flow cytometric analysis, the AT ratio of macrophages revealed M2Ø polarization following lifelong spontaneous exercise (LSE) regardless of age. However, for Icam1 and Tnf, the qPCR analysis showed no difference in gene expressions in young mice; Arg1 expression was higher in Young-EXE (exercising) than in Young-CON (control) mice (p < .0001). In Old-EXE, Icam1 (p < .0001) and Tnf (p < .0001) expression were lower than in Old-CON; for Arg1, gene expression in Old-EXE was higher than in Old-CON (p < .0001). LSE prevents deterioration of physical fitness owing to aging, maintaining high M2Ø polarization levels in the AT. Additionally, LSE does not downregulate Icam1 and Tnf in the AT but appears to suppress the increased M1Ø polarization ratio attributed to aging by upregulating Arg1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Wan Baek
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-In Lee
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Jeong
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Ae Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Choe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea..
| | - Ji-Seok Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Zeng X, Chen Q, Gong G, Yuan F, Wang T, Zhang G, Li X, Wang D, Wang Q. A simple formula to correct for the effects of storage time and temperature on the insulin concentration. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23255. [PMID: 32133679 PMCID: PMC7370719 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of storage time and temperature on plasma insulin levels and to establish a correction formula. METHODS Venous blood samples were taken from 20 volunteers and processed as follows: whole blood samples, centrifuged samples, and separated plasma samples were stored at 4°C or 25°C. Insulin levels were determined by direct chemiluminescence at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours. According to the correlation between the insulin concentration ratio and storage time, correction formulas for the insulin concentration were established. To verify the test, the venous blood samples of another 33 volunteers were processed in the same way. The insulin levels of the samples were corrected after 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours and compared with the value at 0 hours to verify the feasibility of the corrected formula. RESULTS With the prolongation of storage time, the insulin levels of the whole blood samples at 4°C or 25°C and of the centrifuged samples at 25°C decreased gradually (P < .001), and the insulin level correction formulas were Ccorrection = Cdetermination /0.991e-0.069 x , Ccorrection = Cdetermination /1.048e-0.126 x , and Ccorrection = Cdetermination /[-0.068ln(x) + 0.9242]. There was no significant difference between the corrected insulin results and the original results at any time within 12 hours (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The insulin levels of the whole blood samples at 4°C or 25°C and of the plasma samples at 25°C gradually decreased with storage time. The effect of storage time on the insulin level can be reduced with the correction formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zeng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
- Faculty of Laboratory MedicineCenter for Translational MedicineNorth Sichuan Medical collegeNanchongChina
- Department of Clinical TransfusionAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Sichuan Ba‐Yi Rehabilitation Center of Chengdu University of TCMChengduChina
| | - Guozhong Gong
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSuining First People's HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Fangyuan Yuan
- Faculty of Laboratory MedicineCenter for Translational MedicineNorth Sichuan Medical collegeNanchongChina
| | - Ting Wang
- Faculty of Laboratory MedicineCenter for Translational MedicineNorth Sichuan Medical collegeNanchongChina
| | - Guoyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Clinical TransfusionAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSichuan Cancer Hospital & InstituteChengduChina
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
- Faculty of Laboratory MedicineCenter for Translational MedicineNorth Sichuan Medical collegeNanchongChina
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Niazi E, Saraei M, Aminian O, Izadi N. Frequency of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in health care workers. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:338-342. [PMID: 30641722 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, metabolic syndrome is one of the most important public health risk factors. Having this in mind, the present study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its associated risk factors in healthcare workers. METHOD This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on 410 healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Iran. Demographic, occupational, and psychosocial characteristics were assessed using questionnaire. Assessment of metabolic syndrome of hospital staff was performed at workplace during their medical examination. RESULTS The frequency of metabolic syndrome was found to be 22.4%. This relationship was found among blood pressure and occupational stress, despite the fact that there was no significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and occupational stress. Higher age, having shift work, and inactivity were associated with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Considering the high frequency of metabolic syndrome among Iranian healthcare workers, it is advised that effective management should be employed to correct the occupational and psychosocial factors associated with this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Niazi
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Saraei
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Aminian
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nazanin Izadi
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shirpoor A, Heshmati E, Kheradmand F, Gharalari FH, Chodari L, Naderi R, Majd FN, Samadi M. Increased hepatic FAT/CD36, PTP1B and decreased HNF4A expression contributes to dyslipidemia associated with ethanol-induced liver dysfunction: Rescue effect of ginger extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:144-150. [PMID: 29852391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between chronic alcohol consumption and the development of alcpholic liver disease is a very well known phenomenon, but the precise underlying molecular mediators involved in ethanol-induced liver disease remain elusive. This study aimed to characterize the lipid metabolism alterations and the molecular mediators which are related to lipid metabolism in liver under the heavy ethanol exposure alone or combined with ginger extract. Twenty-four male wistar rats were assigned into three groups, namely control, ethanol, and ginger extract treated ethanol (GETE) groups. Six weeks after the treatment, the ethanol group showed a significant increase in fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and decrease hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 Alpha (HNF4A) genes expressions compared to the control group. The ethanol administration also significantly increased plasma LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared to the control group. Moreover, compared to the control group, the ethanol group showed liver histhological changes, such as fibrosis, focal microvesicular steatosis, some apoptotic hepatocytes, spotty necrosis, portal lymphocytic inflammation, mallory-denk bodies, giant mitochondria, piecemeal necrosis. Consumption of ginger extract along with ethanol, partially ameliorated gene expression alteration and histological changes, improved undesirable lipid profile and liver enzymes changes compare to those in the ethanol group. These findings indicate that ethanol-induced liver abnormalities may in part be associated with lipid homeostasis changes mediated by overexpression of FAT/CD36, PTP1B and downexpressionof HNF4A genes. It also show that these effects can be reduced by using ginger extract as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shirpoor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Elaheh Heshmati
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kheradmand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Leila Chodari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farideh Nezami Majd
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Samadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Ahmad S, Alam O, Naim MJ, Shaquiquzzaman M, Alam MM, Iqbal M. Pyrrole: An insight into recent pharmacological advances with structure activity relationship. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:527-561. [PMID: 30119011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic ring template with multiple pharmacophores that provides a way for the generation of library of enormous lead molecules. Owing to its vast pharmacological profile, pyrrole and its analogues have drawn much attention of the researchers/chemists round the globe to be explored exhaustively for the benefit of mankind. This review focusses on recent advancements; pertaining to pyrrole scaffold, discussing various aspects of structure activity relationship and its bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujauddin Ahmad
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India.
| | - Mohd Javed Naim
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ulaganathan V, Kandiah M, Mohd Shariff Z. A case-control study of the association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer: a comparison of International Diabetes Federation, National Cholesterol Education Program Adults Treatment Panel III, and World Health Organization definitions. J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 9:650-663. [PMID: 30151261 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2018.04.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome was linked with various chronic diseases, including cancer. The study on the effect of metabolic syndrome on colorectal cancer (CRC) was not conducted in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between metabolic syndromes and its components with CRC, based on the three established definitions. Methods A multi-centred matched case control study was conducted in five local hospitals. A total of 140 histologically confirmed CRC cases were matched with 280 cancer free controls. Mean value and prevalence of the components of metabolic syndrome between cases and controls were measured based on the three definitions. A multiple variable analysis using Cox regression was conducted to measure the strength of the association between the definitions of MetS, components of MetS and risk of CRC. Results Multiple variable analyses showed that metabolic syndrome significantly and independently increased the risk of CRC, with an odds ratio ranging from 1.79 to 2.61. This study identified that the definition of metabolic syndrome by the International Diabetes Federation is the most sensitive in predicting the risk of CRC, compared to metabolic syndrome as defined by the World Health Organization and National Cholesterol Education Program Adults Treatment Panel III. Abdominal obesity, low HDL-cholesterol, and hypertension were identified as the three core risk factors, which promote inflammatory signals that contribute to metabolic syndrome and an increased risk of CRC. Conclusions These data hypothesized that simple measurement of abdominal obesity, abnormal BP and HDL-cholesterol especially using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition of MetS for South Asians for to detect individuals at CRC risk may have higher clinical utility than applying other universal complex MetS definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Ulaganathan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mirnalini Kandiah
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zalilah Mohd Shariff
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Turan E, Kızılkaya H, Aral Y. Is metabolic syndrome related to postmenopausal osteoporosis? A retrospective study. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.419847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Shin KA. Optimal Cutoff Points of Rate Pressure Product in Each Stage of Treadmill Exercise Test According to the Degree of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2018.50.2.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Shin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea
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Li F, Yang J, Villar VAM, Asico LD, Ma X, Armando I, Sanada H, Yoneda M, Felder RA, Jose PA, Wang X. Loss of renal SNX5 results in impaired IDE activity and insulin resistance in mice. Diabetologia 2018; 61:727-737. [PMID: 29080975 PMCID: PMC6342204 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We hypothesised that renal sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) regulates the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and, thus, circulating insulin levels. We therefore studied the dynamic interaction between SNX5 and IDE in human renal proximal tubule cells (hRPTCs), as well as in rat and mouse kidneys. METHODS The regulation of IDE by SNX5 expressed in the kidney was studied in vitro and in vivo. Snx5 or mock siRNA was added to immortalised hRPTCs (passage <20) in culture or selectively infused, via osmotic mini-pump, into the remnant kidney of uninephrectomised mice and rats. RESULTS SNX5 co-localised with IDE at the plasma membrane and perinuclear area of hRPTCs and in the brush border membrane of proximal tubules of human, rat, and mouse kidneys. Insulin increased the co-localisation and co-immunoprecipitation of SNX5 and IDE in hRPTCs. Silencing SNX5 in hRPTCs decreased IDE expression and activity. Renal-selective silencing of Snx5 (SNX5 protein: 100 ± 25 vs 29 ± 10, p < 0.05 [% of control]) in C57Bl/6J mice decreased IDE protein (100 ± 13 vs 57 ± 6, p < 0.05 [% of control]) and urinary insulin excretion, impaired the responses to insulin and glucose, and increased blood insulin and glucose levels. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) had increased blood insulin and glucose levels and decreased renal SNX5 (100 ± 27 vs 29 ± 6, p < 0.05 [% of control]) and IDE (100 ± 5 vs 75 ± 4, p < 0.05 [% of control]) proteins, compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Kidney Snx5-depleted WKY rats also had increased blood insulin and glucose levels. The expression of SNX5 and IDE was decreased in RPTCs from SHRs and hypertensive humans compared with cells from normotensive volunteers, indicating a common cause for hyperinsulinaemia and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Renal SNX5 positively regulates IDE expression and function. This study is the first to demonstrate the novel and crucial role of renal SNX5 in insulin and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmin Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Van Anthony M Villar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Laureano D Asico
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Xiaobo Ma
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Ines Armando
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Hironobu Sanada
- Division of Health Science Research, Fukushima Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoneda
- Division of Health Science Research, Fukushima Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Robin A Felder
- Department of Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 740-C, 2300 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
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Li L, Byrd M, Doh K, Dixon PD, Lee H, Tiwari S, Ecelbarger CM. Absence of renal enlargement in fructose-fed proximal-tubule-select insulin receptor (IR), insulin-like-growth factor receptor (IGF1R) double knockout mice. Physiol Rep 2018; 4:4/23/e13052. [PMID: 27923977 PMCID: PMC5357825 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The major site of fructose metabolism in the kidney is the proximal tubule (PT). To test whether insulin and/or IGF1 signaling in the PT is involved in renal structural/functional responses to dietary fructose, we bred mice with dual knockout (KO) of the insulin receptor (IR) and the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in PT by Cre-lox recombination, using a γ-glutamyl transferase promoter. KO mice had slightly (~10%) reduced body and kidney weights, as well as, a reduction in mean protein-to-DNA ratio in kidney cortex suggesting smaller cell size. Under control diet, IR and IGF1R protein band densities were 30-50% (P < 0.05) lower than WT, and the relative difference was greater in male animals. Male, but not female KO, also had significantly reduced band densities for Akt (protein kinase B), phosphorylated AktT308 and IRY1162/1163 A high-fructose diet (1-month) led to a significant increase in kidney weight in WT males (12%), but not in KO males or in either genotype of female mice. Kidney enlargement in the WT males was accompanied by a small, insignificant fall in protein-to-DNA ratio, supporting hyperplasia rather than hypertrophy. Fructose feeding of male WT mice led to significantly higher sodium bicarbonate exchanger (NBCe1), sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE3), sodium phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) abundances, as compared to male KO, suggesting elevated transport capacity and an early feature of fibrosis may have accompanied the renal enlargement. Overall, IR and/or IGF1R appear to have a role in PT cell size and enlargement in response to high-fructose diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Marcus Byrd
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kwame Doh
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Patrice D Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Hwal Lee
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Wang L, Qian X, Wang M, Tang X, Ao H. Which factor is the most effective one in metabolic Sydrome on the outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? A cohort study of 5 Years. J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 13:1. [PMID: 29301583 PMCID: PMC5753490 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-017-0682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic Syndrome and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of Metabolic Syndrome with or without diabetes on perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft remain unclear. Methods An retrospective study was performed on 1166 patients who received isolated primary Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Fuwai hospital. They were divided into three groups: control, Metabolic Syndrome of three factors together with diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome of three factors without diabetes (n = 868, 76 and 222 respectively). Analysis of variance, Chi-rank test, Fisher’s exact test, Log-rank test, Cox and Logistic regression models were used for data processing. Outcomes were postoperative and 5-year survival and morbidities. Results There were no significant differences between groups in in-hospital postoperative complications, epinephrine use, stroke, atrial fibrillation, renal failure, coma, myocardial infarction and repeated revascularization. Patients in the Metabolic Syndrome with diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome without diabetes and control groups, respectively, showed significant difference in perioperative Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (30.3% vs. 21.2%, 16.7%, P = 0.0071) and mortality (11.8% vs. 2.7%, 3.11%, P = 0.0003). The Metabolic Syndrome with diabetes group had higher rates of perioperative mortality than Metabolic Syndrome without diabetes (P = 0.0017, P of Fisher Test = 0.0039). Compared with non-diabetic patients with Metabolic Syndrome, those with Metabolic Syndrome and diabetes had increased long-term mortality (Adjusted HR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4–13.3; P = 0.0113) and Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (Adjusted OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0–2.8; P = 0.048). Control and non-diabetic Metabolic Syndrome groups did not differ in long-term mortality but controls had lower rates of Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (Adjusted OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98; P = 0.0329). Conclusions There were significance differences between the three groups in perioperative Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events and mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. Compared with non-diabetic Metabolic Syndrome patients, patients with Metabolic Syndrome and diabetes had higher long-term Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events and mortality. While patients free of MetS and diabetes were associated with lower incidence of long-term Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167, Beilishi Road, West District of Beijing, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiangyang Qian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingya Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167, Beilishi Road, West District of Beijing, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xinran Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167, Beilishi Road, West District of Beijing, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hushan Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167, Beilishi Road, West District of Beijing, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Bezek Š, Brnoliaková Z, Sotníková R, Knezl V, Paulovičová E, Navarová J, Bauer V. Monotherapy of experimental metabolic syndrome: I. Efficacy and safety. Interdiscip Toxicol 2017; 10:81-85. [PMID: 30174530 PMCID: PMC6107645 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma cholesterol, especially low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Hereditary hypertriglyceridemic rats (hHTG) were developed as a new inbred model for the study of relationships between blood pressure and metabolic abnormalities. The aim of this work was to determine the cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant effects of the novel pyridoindol derivative SMe1EC2, compared to the cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin, in rats fed either standard or high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFC; 1% cholesterol and 7.5% lard fat). Male hHTG rats fed HFC (HTG+HFC) were administered with SMe1EC2 or atorvastatin (both 50 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 4 weeks. Physiological status of animals was monitored by the measurement of preprandial glucose levels and blood pressure. Lipid profile was characterized by the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides (TRG). The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was evaluated in the kidney, liver and serum. Further, the assessment of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the serum was completed. Feeding the animals with HFC diet resulted in increased serum levels of TC, LDL and TRG. SMe1EC2 ameliorated serum levels of LDL in hHTG rats, both on standard and HFC diet. These effects were comparable with those of the standard hypolipidemicum atorvastatin. SMe1EC2 lowered blood pressure, tissue TBARS concentrations and serum IL-1 levels of HTG+HFC rats. Beneficial effects together with very good toxicity profile predestinate SMe1EC2 to be promising agent for further surveys related to metabolic syndrome features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štefan Bezek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Brnoliaková
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ružena Sotníková
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Knezl
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ema Paulovičová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Navarová
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktor Bauer
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Hemoglobin A1c and C-reactive protein are independently associated with blunted nocturnal blood pressure dipping in obesity-related prediabetes. Hypertens Res 2017; 41:33-38. [PMID: 29070829 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blunted nocturnal dipping in blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in middle-aged/older adults. The prevalence of blunted nocturnal BP dipping is higher in persons with obesity and diabetes, conditions that are also associated with elevated aortic stiffness and inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that elevated glycemia, inflammation and aortic stiffness would be inversely associated with the magnitude of nocturnal systolic BP dipping among middle-aged/older adults with obesity at high CVD risk. Twenty-four hour ambulatory BP monitoring, aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, CF-PWV), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and inflammation (C-reactive protein, CRP) were measured in 86 middle-aged/older adults with obesity and at least one other CVD risk factor (age 40-74 years; 34 male/52 female; body mass index=36.7±0.5 kg m-2; HbA1c=5.7±0.04%). In the entire cohort, CRP (β=0.40±0.20, P=0.04), but not HbA1c or CF-PWV was independently associated with systolic BP dipping percent (Model R2=0.07, P=0.12). In stratified (that is, presence or absence of prediabetes) multiple linear regression analysis, HbA1c (β=6.24±2.6, P=0.02) and CRP (β=0.57±0.2, P=0.01), but not CF-PWV (β=0.14± 2.6, P=0.74), were independently associated with systolic BP dipping percent (Model R2=0.32, P<0.01) in obese adults with prediabetes but were absent in obese adults without prediabetes (Model R2=0.01 P=0.95). However, nocturnal systolic BP dipping percent (P=0.65), CF-PWV (P=0.68) and CRP (P=0.59) were similar between participants with and without prediabetes. These data suggest that impaired long-term glycemic control and higher inflammation may contribute partly to blunted BP dipping in middle-aged/older adults with obesity-related prediabetes.
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Anjibabu R, Boggu JMR, Shekhar P, Reddy BVS. Stereoselective Synthesis of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor, ( R
)-Sitagliptin. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramisetti Anjibabu
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
- Department of Chemistry; Adikavi Nannaya University; Rajahmundry 533296 India
| | | | - Putta Shekhar
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Basi V. Subba Reddy
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500 007 India
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van Zwieten PA, Mancia G. Background and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome: A Therapeutic Challenge. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016; 10:206-14. [PMID: 16959752 DOI: 10.1177/1089253206291327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a clustering of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. This syndrome is now widely recognized as a distinct pathologic entity. It is receiving a great deal of attention in the medical literature and also in the lay press. People with metabolic syndrome have a clustering of the following risk factors, including detrimental changes in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, abdominal (visceral) obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Metabolic syndrome is associated with important cardiovascular and cerebrovascular and metabolic risks. Prevention and treatment are therefore of great importance. Preventive measures involving lifestyle are mandatory. In addition, metabolic syndrome patients will require pharmacologic treatment, usually for the rest of their lives. Complex patterns of drug treatment are required. This review provides an extensive and critical review of the drug treatment of this complex pathologic entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A van Zwieten
- Departments of Pharmacotherapy, Cardiology, and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Lee G, Yang SJ, Chee YK. Assessment of healthy behaviors for metabolic syndrome among Korean adults: a modified information-motivation-behavioral skills with psychological distress. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:518. [PMID: 27317425 PMCID: PMC4912813 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the worldwide incidence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) has rapidly increased, healthy behaviors such as weight control, engaging in physical activity, and healthy diet have been crucial in the management of Mets. The purpose of this study was to examine healthy behaviors practice and factors that affect the practice in relation to Mets on the basis of a modified Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills model (IMB) with psychological distress, which is a well-known factor affecting healthy behaviors among individuals with Mets. METHODS Study participants were 267 community dwelling adults (M age: 54.0 ± 8.1 years) with Mets who were attending public health centers located in Seoul, South Korea. A structured questionnaire was administered in the areas of information, motivation, behavioral skills, and practice of Mets healthy behaviors and levels of psychological distress from May 2014 to September 2014. Structural equation modeling was used to test the modified IMB model. RESULTS The modified IMB model had a good fit with the data, indicating that motivation and behavioral skills directly influenced the practice of Mets healthy behaviors, whereas information and psychological distress directly influenced motivation and influenced the practice of healthy behaviors through behavioral skills. These components of the modified IMB model explained 29.8 % of the variance in healthy behaviors for Mets. CONCLUSION Findings suggested that strengthening motivation and behavioral skills for healthy behaviors can directly enhance healthy behavior practice. Providing information about Mets related healthy behaviors and strategies for psychological distress management can be used as the first line evidence based intervention to systemically enhance motivation and behavioral skills among individuals with Mets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guna Lee
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sook Ja Yang
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yeon Kyung Chee
- Department of Child Development, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Topsakal S, Ozmen O, Cankara FN, Yesilot S, Bayram D, Genç Özdamar N, Kayan S. Alpha lipoic acid attenuates high-fructose-induced pancreatic toxicity. Pancreatology 2016; 16:347-52. [PMID: 27025195 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) causes several problems such as insulin resistance. The goal of the study was to investigate pancreatic damage induced by chronic HFCS consumption and the protective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on pancreatic cells. METHODS Wistar Albino, 4-month-old, female rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly distributed into three groups, each containing eight rats. The study included an HFCS group, an HFCS + ALA-administered group and a control group (CON). The prepared 30% solution of HFCS (F30) (24% fructose, 28% dextrose) was added to the drinking water for 10 weeks. ALA treatment was begun 4 weeks after the first HFCS administration (100 mg/kg/oral, last 6 weeks). Rats were anaesthetised and euthanised by cervical dislocation 24 h after the last ALA administration. Blood samples for biochemical tests (amylase, lipase, malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT)) and tissue samples for histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations (caspase-3, insulin and glucagon) were collected. RESULTS Comparing the control and HFCS groups, serum glucose (150.92 ± 39.77 and 236.50 ± 18.28, respectively, p < 0.05), amylase (2165.00 ± 150.76 and 3027.66 ± 729.19, respectively, p < 0.01), lipase (5.58 ± 2.22 and 11.51 ± 2.74, respectively, p < 0.01) and pancreatic tissue MDA (0.0167 ± 0.004 and 0.0193 ± 0.006, respectively, p < 0.05) levels were increased, whereas tissue CAT (0.0924 ± 0.029 and 0.0359 ± 0.023, respectively, p < 0.05) activity decreased in the HFCS group significantly. Histopathological examination revealed degenerative and necrotic changes in Langerhans islet cells and slight inflammatory cell infiltration in pancreatic tissue in the HFCS group. Immunohistochemically there was a significant decrease in insulin (2.85 ± 0.37 and 0.87 ± 0.64, respectively, p < 0.001) and glucagon (2.71 ± 0.48 and 1.00 ± 0.75, respectively, p < 0.001) secreting cell scores, whereas a greater increase in caspase-3 (0.14 ± 0.37 and 1.00 ± 0.75, respectively, p < 0.05) expression was seen in this group compared with the controls. In the ALA-treated group, all of these pathologic conditions were improved. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated HFCS induced pancreatic lesions, but ALA had ameliorative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senay Topsakal
- Pamuklale University, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Nihan Cankara
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Sukriye Yesilot
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bayram
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Genç Özdamar
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Sümeyra Kayan
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
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Strain longitudinal global: un parámetro útil para evaluar disfunción ventricular izquierda subclínica en el síndrome metabólico. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lo CM. Evaluating the living donor: expansion by innovation. Hepatol Int 2016; 10:242-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s12072-016-9713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Al-Daghri NM, Khan N, Sabico S, Al-Attas OS, Alokail MS, Kumar S. Gender-specific associations of serum sex hormone-binding globulin with features of metabolic syndrome in children. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2016; 8:22. [PMID: 26962330 PMCID: PMC4784466 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-016-0134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) has been proposed as a biomarker of MetS in children and adults. We aim to determine the associations of SHBG with components of MetS in children from the Middle-East where the prevalence of MetS are on the rise. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 509 randomly selected school children (226 boys and 283 girls) aged 12-16 years were recruited. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were determined using routine laboratory procedures. Serum SHBG is measured with Cobas e411 using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The modified definition of ATP-III (NHANES III) was used for the diagnosis of MetS. RESULTS Among 509 children, 23.4 % had metabolic syndrome. Boys had a significantly higher waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (p < 0.032, 0.024, respectively) than girls, while levels of glucose (p < 0.029), and SHBG (p < 0.003) were significantly higher in girls than in boys. In overall population, a significant inverse correlation of SHBG level with age, BMI, systolic blood pressure and triglycerides and a significant direct correlation between SHBG level and HDL-c was exhibited. Children with the lowest tertile of serum SHBG had significantly higher prevalence of MetS (p < 0.05). ROC curve shows SHBG level as more sensitive marker of MetS in boys (AUC = 0.70, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum SHBG is significantly more sensitive in identifying MetS in boys, not girls, indicating gender dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- />Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- />Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasiruddin Khan
- />Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- />Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- />Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- />Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S. Al-Attas
- />Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- />Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S. Alokail
- />Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- />Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudhesh Kumar
- />Division of Metabolic and Vascular Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV2 2DX UK
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Kim CJ, Park J, Kang SW. Health-promoting lifestyles and cardio-metabolic risk factors among international students in South Korea. Collegian 2015; 22:215-23. [PMID: 26281410 DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the health-promoting lifestyles and cardio-metabolic risks among international students in Korea. This descriptive, cross-sectional study design enrolled a convenience sample of 118 international students at a university in Korea. Collected data included items from the Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (II) scale and cardiovascular risk factors. The participants had a moderately health-promoting lifestyle (2.5 of 4). Men engaged in more physical activity than did women (p = .002). The most prevalent risk factor was elevated blood lipid profiles (26.3%), followed by overweight/obesity (25.4%), elevated blood pressure (17.8%), and elevated fasting glucose levels (5.1%). More than half of the participants (54.2%) had one or more cardiac risk factors, and these participants also scored lower in health-promoting lifestyle factors than other students (p = .034). Regular health check-ups are needed to identify the cardio-metabolic risks of international students. A university-based programme aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles could help prevent cardio-metabolic risks among international students.
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Tzimas P, Petrou A, Laou E, Milionis H, Mikhailidis D, Papadopoulos G. Impact of metabolic syndrome in surgical patients: should we bother? Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:194-202. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Adediran A, Uche E, Akinbami A, Dada A, Wakama T, Damulak D, Ajibola S, Okwegbuna O. Hemoglobin and Ferritin Concentrations in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutr Metab Insights 2015; 8:15-9. [PMID: 26056471 PMCID: PMC4445885 DOI: 10.4137/nmi.s23302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a clinical condition characterized by insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity, has been linked with raised levels of serum ferritin (Sfr) concentrations. OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to compare hemoglobin (Hb) and Sfr concentrations in patients with MetS, regular donors and first-time donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 102 subjects who were between 18 and 60 years were enrolled for the study. They were divided into three groups. The first group (n = 20) was made up of 5 males and 15 females, all who met the criteria that define MetS. The second group (n = 52; M = 34, F = 18) were regular donors, while the last group (n = 30; M = 16, F = 14) were first-time donors or those who had not donated before. Following an overnight fast, 20 mL of venous blood was drawn from each subject. About 5 mL of this was put into sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) specimen bottles for the full blood count parameters with Sysmex KX-21N hematology analyzer (made in Japan). The remaining 15 mL had serum separated for Sfr assay using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a commercial assay kit manufactured by Teco Diagnostics. RESULTS Significant difference was found in the mean Sfr concentration of subjects with MetS (163 ± 136.92 ng/mL) and regular donors (41.46 ± 40.33 ng/mL), P = 0.001. The mean Sfr concentrations of subjects with MetS (163 ± 136.92 ng/mL) were also higher than that of first-time donors (102.46 ± 80.26 ng/mL), but it was not statistically significant, P = 0.053. The Hb concentrations of the three groups were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Sfr concentrations of regular donors were lower than that of subjects with MetS and first-time donors. The difference between regular donors and subjects with MetS was statistically significant. However, there is no significant difference in the Hb concentrations in the three groups. MetS is not associated with anemia or hyperferritinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewumi Adediran
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ebele Uche
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Akinsegun Akinbami
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Akin Dada
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Tamunomieibi Wakama
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Dapus Damulak
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Sarah Ajibola
- Department of Haematology, Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Okwegbuna
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
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Kang MR, Lee CW, Cho IJ, Lee MY, Shin JH, Oh SJ, Yun J, Yoon WK, Han SB, Kim EE, Bok SH, Kang JS. Betaine Supplementation Improves Beneficial Effects of Boxthorn (L
ycium chinense
Mill.) Leaf on Body Weight/Body Fat Increase and Plasma/Liver Triglycerides Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moo Rim Kang
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Chang Woo Lee
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Ig Jun Cho
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Myeong Youl Lee
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Jung Hyu Shin
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Jieun Yun
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Won Kee Yoon
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk 361-763 Korea
| | - Eun Eai Kim
- Bionutrigen Co., Ltd.; Daejon Chungnam 305-806 Korea
| | - Song-Hae Bok
- Bionutrigen Co., Ltd.; Daejon Chungnam 305-806 Korea
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Bioevaluation Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Ochang Chungbuk 363-883 Korea
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Ji X, Xia C, Wang J, Su M, Zhang L, Dong T, Li Z, Wan X, Li J, Li J, Zhao L, Gao Z, Jiang H, Liu H. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-fluoropyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile and octahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrrole-2-carbonitrile derivatives as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:242-56. [PMID: 25164763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Based on the previous work in our group and the principle of computer-aided drug design, a series of novel β-amino pyrrole-2-carbonitrile derivatives was designed and synthesized. Compounds 8l and 9l were efficacious and selective DPP4 inhibitors resulting in decreased blood glucose in vivo. Compound 8l had moderate DPP4 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.05 μM) and good oral bioavailability (F = 53.2%). Compound 9l showed excellent DPP4 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.01 μM), good selectivity (selective ratio: DPP8/DPP4 = 898.00; DPP9/DPP4 = 566.00) against related peptidases, and good efficacy in an oral glucose tolerance tests in ICR mice and moderate PK profiles (F = 22.8%, t1/2 = 2.74 h). Moreover, compound 9l did not block hERG channel and exhibited no inhibition of liver metabolic enzymes such as CYP2C9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbo Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; East China of Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancheng Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobing Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.
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Parental education level is associated with clustering of metabolic risk factors in adolescents independently of cardiorespiratory fitness, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, or pubertal stage. Pediatr Cardiol 2014; 35:959-64. [PMID: 24563073 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-0882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have reported associations between clustering metabolic risk factors and socioeconomic status (SES) in youth. This study aimed to analyze the association between clustering metabolic risk factors and SES in adolescents. It was hypothesized that SES is inversely related to clustering metabolic risk factors. This 2009 cross-sectional school-based study investigated 517 Portuguese adolescents ages 15-18 years. The study considered the age- and sex-adjusted z-scores for the ratio of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein, homeostasis model, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure, and a metabolic risk score was constructed by summing all the z-scores (≥1 standard deviation was considered high risk). Cardiorespiratory fitness was estimated by the 20 m shuttle-run test and dietary intake by a food frequency questionnaire. The best of parental education was used as a proxy measure of SES. The results showed that adolescents with low SES were more likely to have a high metabolic risk score (odds ratio [OR], 1.96; p < 0.020) regardless of cardiorespiratory fitness, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, or pubertal stage. In conclusion, a lower SES was associated with increased risk for a high metabolic risk score among Azorean adolescents after adjustment for pubertal stage, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Future health-promotion strategies among Azorean adolescents should consider the impact of SES on their health.
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Kardassis D, Schönander M, Sjöström L, Karason K. Carotid artery remodelling in relation to body fat distribution, inflammation and sustained weight loss in obesity. J Intern Med 2014; 275:534-43. [PMID: 24320136 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is known to be associated with carotid artery remodelling, but less is known about how body fat distribution, inflammation and weight loss may affect this relation. METHODS Ultrasonography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography were performed to evaluate carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), body composition and fat distribution, respectively. Participants were divided into three matched study groups (n = 44 per group): obese patients with sustained weight loss 10 years after bariatric surgery [surgery group, body mass index (BMI) 31.5 kg m(-2)]; obese patients who maintained stable weight during the same time period (obese group, BMI 42.5 kg m(-2)); and normal weight subjects (lean group, BMI 24.4 kg m(-2)). RESULTS Patients in the surgery group, compared with those in the obese group, had slightly lower common carotid artery (CCA) IMT (0.75 ± 0.18 vs. 0.78 ± 0.17 mm) and common carotid bulb (CCB) IMT (0.92 ± 0.32 vs. 0.97 ± 0.32 mm); however, these differences were not statistically significant. Lean individuals, compared with those in the surgery group, had significantly lower CCA and CCB IMT values (P < 0.001). In forward stepwise multiple regression analyses including all subjects (n = 132), CCA IMT was predicted mainly by visceral adipose tissue, but was also related to blood pressure and levels of triglycerides and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Carotid lumen diameter was primarily influenced by lean body mass. CONCLUSION Visceral adiposity was the main determinant of premature carotid artery atherosclerosis, possibly through elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and inflammation. Lean body mass predicted carotid artery lumen diameter. Obese patients with long-term sustained weight loss did not have thinner carotid artery walls compared with their weight-stable obese counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kardassis
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Moreira C, Moreira P, Abreu S, Santos PC, Moreira-Silva I, Póvoas S, Mota J, Santos R. Vitamin D intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2014; 12:171-7. [PMID: 24495166 DOI: 10.1089/met.2013.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of research suggests that vitamin D might play an important role in overall health. No data exist on vitamin D intake for the Azorean adolescent population. The purpose of this study was to assess vitamin D intake and investigate a possible association between vitamin D intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in Azorean adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 496 adolescents (288 girls) aged 15-18 years from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. Anthropometric measurements (waist circumference and height), blood pressure (systolic), and plasma biomarkers [fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs)] were measured to assess metabolic risk. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), TC-to-HDL-C ratio, and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score was constructed by summing the Z-scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had ≥1 standard deviation (SD) of this score. Vitamin D intake was assessed with a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Participants were classified into quartiles of vitamin D intake. Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios for high cardiometabolic risk scores after adjusting for total energy intake, pubertal stage, fat mass percentage, and cardiorespiratory fitness. RESULTS Mean (SD) vitamin D intake was 5.8 (6.5) μg/day, and 9.1% of Azorean adolescents achieved the estimated average requirement of vitamin D (10 μg/day or 400 IU). Logistic regression showed that the odds ratio for a high cardiometabolic risk score was 3.35 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-8.75] for adolescents in the lowest vitamin D intake quartile in comparison with those in the highest vitamin D intake quartile, even after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSION A lower level of vitamin D intake was associated with worse metabolic profile among Azorean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Moreira
- 1 Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal
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Al-Hussein FA, Tamimi W, Al Banyan E, Al-Twaijri YA, Tamim H. Cardiometabolic risk among Saudi children and adolescents: Saudi childrens overweight, obesity, and lifestyles (S.Ch.O.O.Ls) study. Ann Saudi Med 2014; 34:46-53. [PMID: 24658553 PMCID: PMC6074937 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2014.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are major contributors to the global burden of disease, with a high reported prevalence of risk factors among different populations. Early and efficient assessment of cardiometabolic risk is important to identify target groups for preventive interventions. The aims of Saudi children's overweight, obesity, and lifestyles study were to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and to compare the different paradigms of assessing such risk among children and adolescents. The study was funded by National Guard Health Affairs and approved by the ethics committee. DESIGN AND SETTINGS A cross-sectional study of students from primary, middle, and secondary schools located in the residential areas for the Saudi National Guard employees in Riyadh. METHODS A random sample of 2149 students, clustered by school and stratified by grade, was selected from a sampling frame of 16 812 students from 10 schools in the residential areas for Saudi National Guard employees. Informed consent was taken from children and parents. Blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were documented. Fasting blood samples were taken for blood glucose and lipid profile. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome ranged from 2% to 18%, according to the sensitivity of the 6 different definitions. Systolic blood pressure and triglycerides-to-HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio showed a dose-response increase with the quartiles of waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Assessment of cardiometabolic risk by diagnosing the metabolic syndrome would lead to missed opportunity of intervention in 94% to 95% of children identified to be in need of intervention by waist circumference and BMI above 75th percentile. CONCLUSION Relying on the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome can harm primary preventive initiatives. BMI and waist circumference for age should be used for assessing cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Abdullah Al-Hussein
- Dr. Fahad Abdullah Al-Hussein, Department of Family and Community Medicine,, College of Medicine, King Saud Ibn AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences,, King Abdulaziz Medical City,, National Guard Health Affairs,, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, T: +966112520088 loc. 1514, F: +966112520305,
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Tominaga Y, Nakagawa K, Mae T, Kitano M, Yokota S, Arai T, Ikematsu H, Inoue S. Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 3:I-IV. [PMID: 24345587 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of licorice flavonoid oil (LFO) on total body fat and visceral fat together with body weight, body mass index (BMI) and safety parameters in overweight subjects. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, moderately overweight participants (56 males, 28 females, BMI 24-30 kg/m(2)) were assigned to four groups receiving a daily dose of either 0 (placebo), 300, 600, or 900 mg of LFO. Total body fat mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and visceral fat area by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan at baseline and after 8 weeks of LFO ingestion. Body weight, BMI, and blood samples were examined at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of LFO ingestion. RESULTS Although caloric intake was similar in all four groups, total body fat mass decreased significantly in the three LFO groups after 8 weeks of ingestion. LFO (900 mg/day) resulted in significant decreases from baseline levels in visceral fat area, body weight, BMI, and LDL-cholesterol. No significant adverse effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Tominaga
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Kaku Nakagawa
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Tatsumasa Mae
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Kitano
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yokota
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Arai
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ikematsu
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan
| | - Shuji Inoue
- Depertment of Clinical Nutrition, Kiryu University, Midori-City, Gumma, Japan.
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Al-Daghri NM, Khan N, Alkharfy KM, Al-Attas OS, Alokail MS, Alfawaz HA, Alothman A, Vanhoutte PM. Selected dietary nutrients and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adult males and females in Saudi Arabia: a pilot study. Nutrients 2013; 5:4587-604. [PMID: 24284611 PMCID: PMC3847750 DOI: 10.3390/nu5114587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, the rapid economic development in Saudi Arabia resulted in an unbalanced dietary intake pattern within the general population. Consequently, metabolic syndrome was also documented to be highly prevalent in the Middle-East region. We aimed to examine the relationship between selected dietary nutrient intakes and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the general adult population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, 185 adult Saudis aged 19 to 60 years (87 males and 98 females (mean age 35.6 ± 13.2 and 37.6 ± 11.7 years, respectively)) were included. The criteria for metabolic syndrome were based on the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) criteria, and the dietary food intake was assessed by two 24-h dietary recall methods. The odd ratios (ORs) of metabolic syndrome risk across quartiles of selected dietary nutrients were significantly lower for carbohydrates and proteins, as well as for vitamins A, C, E and K, calcium, zinc and magnesium (p < 0.05 for all) in the female group with metabolic syndrome than those without. The pattern of daily dietary intake of selected nutrients among the general population of Saudi Arabia raises concern, and this dietary imbalance could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, particularly in adult Saudi females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (K.M.A.); (O.S.A.-A.); (M.S.A.)
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasiruddin Khan
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Khalid M. Alkharfy
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (K.M.A.); (O.S.A.-A.); (M.S.A.)
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S. Al-Attas
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (K.M.A.); (O.S.A.-A.); (M.S.A.)
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Majed S. Alokail
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (K.M.A.); (O.S.A.-A.); (M.S.A.)
- Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A. Alfawaz
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food Science & Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alothman
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (A.A.)
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul M. Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li KaShing Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China; E-Mail:
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Scheers T, Philippaerts R, Lefevre J. SenseWear-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45:481-9. [PMID: 23034646 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31827563ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the associations of multiple, objectively measured parameters of physical activity and sedentary behavior with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components. METHODS Physical activity was measured in 370 Flemish adults (age = 41.7 ± 9.8 yr; mean ± SD) for 7 d using a SenseWear Armband. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Logistic regressions examined the associations between the subcomponents of physical activity and sedentary behavior and the odds of having MetS or individual risk factors. RESULTS MetS was observed in 10.2% of men and 5.2% of women. Adults who spent ≥60 min·d-1 in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were 68%-81% less likely to have abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterol compared with those with <30 min·d MVPA, independent of sex, age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and total sedentary time. The total sedentary time and the average duration of a sedentary bout were positively associated with MetS and most of its individual risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07-1.47). Breaks in sedentary time were inversely associated with abdominal obesity (OR = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55-0.91) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.63-0.99). These associations were no longer significant after adjustment for MVPA (and total sedentary time). Light physical activity was not associated with MetS or any of the individual risk factors. Time spent in moderate, vigorous, total MVPA, and bouts of MVPA were associated with a reduced likelihood of abdominal obesity (OR = <0.01-0.48), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.14-0.63), and low HDL cholesterol (OR = 0.02-0.43), independent of potential confounders and total sedentary time. CONCLUSIONS Engagement in MVPA may be essential to prevent MetS and individual risk factors.
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Tsou MT, Chang BCC. Sex differences in metabolic syndrome of metropolitan elderly people in Northern Taiwan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcgg.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lasikiewicz N, Hendrickx H, Talbot D, Dye L. Exploring stress-induced cognitive impairment in middle aged, centrally obese adults. Stress 2013; 16:44-53. [PMID: 22616657 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2012.682109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has shown that psychosocial stress can induce cognitive impairment. However, few studies have explored impairment following acute stress exposure in individuals with central obesity. Central obesity co-occurs with glucocorticoid excess and can lead to elevated cortisol responses to stress. It is not clear whether centrally obese individuals exhibit greater cognitive impairment following acute stress. Cortisol responses to stress versus no-stress control were compared in 66 high- and low waist to hip ratio (WHR) middle-aged adults (mean age of 46 ± 7.17 years). Cognitive performance post exposure was assessed using Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery. It was hypothesised that high WHR would exhibit greater cortisol in response to stress exposure and would show poorer cognitive performance. Males, particularly of high WHR, tended to secrete greater cortisol during stress exposure. Exposure to stress and increasing WHR were specifically associated with poorer performance on declarative memory tasks (spatial recognition memory and paired associates learning). These data tentatively suggest a reduction in cognitive performance in those with central obesity following exposure to acute stress. Further research is needed to elucidate the effects of stress on cognition in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lasikiewicz
- Department of Psychology, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK.
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Aswathy S, Unnikrishnan AG, Kalra S. Effective management of type 2 DM in India: Looking at low-cost adjunctive therapy. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 17:149-152. [PMID: 23776869 PMCID: PMC3659883 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.107865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Diabetes is projected to increase to 80 million by 2030, placing an immense burden on the health care resources of our country. Thus, diabetes poses a challenge to health systems and the individual. Hence, it is necessary to look at adjuncts to effective management of Diabetes; adjuncts which are not resource intensive and are nearer to the community that people live in. Yoga holds promise as a therapeutic intervention and health promotion measure. This brief communication explores the studies done to date on the beneficial effects of Yoga on Diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreedevi Aswathy
- Department of Community Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponnekara P.O, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Ambika G. Unnikrishnan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponnekara P.O, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital and BRIDE, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Li L, Garikepati RM, Tsukerman S, Tiwari S, Ecelbarger CM. Salt sensitivity of nitric oxide generation and blood pressure in mice with targeted knockout of the insulin receptor from the renal tubule. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R505-12. [PMID: 22814664 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00033.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of the insulin receptor (IR) on kidney nitric oxide generation and blood pressure (BP) control, we generated mice with targeted deletion of renal tubule IR using loxP recombination driven by a Ksp-cadherin promoter. Male knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) littermates (~4 mo old) were transitioned through three 1-wk treatments: 1) low-NaCl diet (0.085%); 2) high-NaCl diet (HS; 5%); and 3) HS diet plus 3 mM tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, in the drinking water. Mice were then switched to medium-NaCl (0.5%) diet for 5 days and kidneys harvested under pentobarbital anesthesia. Twenty-four-hour urinary nitrates plus nitrites were significantly higher in the WT mice under HS (2,067 ± 280 vs. 1,550 ± 230 nmol/day in WT and KO, respectively, P < 0.05). Tempol attenuated genotype differences in urinary nitrates plus nitrites. A rise in BP with HS was observed only in KO mice and not affected by tempol (mean arterial pressure, dark period, HS, 106 ± 5 vs. 119 ± 4 mmHg, for WT and KO, respectively, P < 0.05). Renal outer medullary protein levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms by Western blot (NOS1-3 and phosphorylated-S1177-NOS3) revealed significantly lower band density for NOS1 (130-kDa isoform) in the KO mice. A second study, when mice were euthanized under HS conditions, confirmed significantly lower NOS1 (130 kDa) in the KO, with an even more substantial (>50%) reduction of the 160-kDa NOS1 isoform. These studies suggest that the loss of renal IR signaling impairs renal nitric oxide production. This may be important in BP control, especially in insulin-resistant states, such as the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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