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Waugh S, Cameron CE. Syphilis vaccine development: Aligning vaccine design with manufacturing requirements. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2399915. [PMID: 39262177 PMCID: PMC11404580 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, is a global health concern with increasing rates worldwide. Current prevention strategies, including screen-and-treat approaches, are not sufficient to resolve rising infection rates, emphasizing the need for a vaccine. Developing a syphilis vaccine necessitates a range of cross-disciplinary considerations, including essential disease-specific protection, technical requirements, economic feasibility, manufacturing constraints, public acceptance, equitable vaccine access, alignment with global public vaccination programs, and identification of essential populations to be vaccinated to achieve herd immunity. Central to syphilis vaccine development is prioritization of global vaccine availability, including access in low- to middle-income settings. Various vaccine platforms, including subunit, virus-like particle (VLP), mRNA, and outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines, present both advantages and challenges. The proactive consideration of both manufacturing feasibility and efficacy throughout the pre-clinical research and development stages is essential for producing an efficacious, inexpensive, and scalable syphilis vaccine to address the growing global health burden caused by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Waugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Caroline E. Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Calcaterra V, Fabiano V, De Silvestri A, Colombo C, Tranfaglia V, Loiodice M, Ceruti D, Zuccotti G. The impact of vitamin D status on lipid profiles and atherogenic dyslipidemia markers in children and adolescents with obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2596-2605. [PMID: 39168806 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Adequate serum vitamin D levels correlate with a more favorable lipid profile compared to deficient levels. Despite the well-established prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with obesity, studies investigating its influence on lipid profiles in this population are scarce. We explored the impact of vitamin D status on lipid profiles and markers of atherogenic dyslipidemia in a cohort of children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 271 Caucasian children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and a control group of 54 pediatric patients with normal weight. All participants underwent outpatient visits for the assessment of clinical parameters and venous blood collection for biochemical analysis such as triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, atherogenic index of plasma AIP), vitamin D level. Individuals with obesity displayed severe vitamin D deficiency (25-OH-D ≤10 ng/ml) at a higher frequency compared to those with normal weight (p = 0.03). In patients with overweight/obesity and low 25-OH-D levels show higher values of glycemia (p = 0.001), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR and TRYG p < 0.001), TG (p < 0.001), TG/HDL-C (p = 0.001), AIP (p < 0.001), SBP (p = 0.01), and DBP (p = 0.04). In normal-weight individuals with low 25-OH- D levels an increased values of glycemia (p = 0.01), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR p = 0.01 and TRYG p = 0.002), TG (p = 0.01), TG/HDL-C (p = 0.02), AIP (p = 0.01). A direct correlation between 25-OH-D levels and metabolic parameters is observed. CONCLUSIONS A correlation between vitamin D levels and the lipid/atherosclerotic profile was recorded. Vitamin D deficiency may represent a preventable and easily treatable cardiometabolic risk factor, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | - Annalisa De Silvestri
- Biostatistics & Clinical Trial Center, Scientific Direction Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Carla Colombo
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Martina Loiodice
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Ceruti
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
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Agudelo-Hernández F, Guapacha Montoya M. Poetry in youth mutual aid groups for recovery in rural and semi-urban environments. Arts Health 2024; 16:340-357. [PMID: 37916791 DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2023.2273490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For mental disorders Mutual Aid Groups (MAG) have been proposed, however, these have lack of methodologies that approach the needs of young people. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of MAG in rural and semi-urban environments, developed through poetry, on the improvement of mental health. METHODS A quasi-experimental study was carried out in Caldas, Colombia. 171 adolescents participated, divided into 10 MAG. Child Behavior Checklist 4-18 (CBCL/4-18) was used and the nuclear components of the MAG were applied, adding elements of introduction to poetry, creation and group rituals. RESULTS Statistically significant associations (P < .001) were found between the number of sessions and the reduction of symptoms, as well as a decrease in Internalizing Problems and Social problems, after participating in the groups. CONCLUSION Poetry applied to the core components of the MAG can improve psychiatric symptoms in adolescents.
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Andrews G, Andrews G, Leung YF, Suter DM. A robust paradigm for studying regeneration after traumatic spinal cord injury in zebrafish. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 410:110243. [PMID: 39117153 PMCID: PMC11395912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zebrafish are vertebrates with a high potential of regeneration after injury in the central nervous system. Therefore, they have emerged as a useful model system for studying traumatic spinal cord injuries. NEW METHOD Using larval zebrafish, we have developed a robust paradigm to model the effects of anterior spinal cord injury, which correspond to the debilitating injuries of the cervical and thoracic regions in humans. Our new paradigm consists of a more anterior injury location compared to previous studies, a modified behavioral assessment using the visual motor response, and a new data analysis code. RESULTS Our approach enables a spinal cord injury closer to the hindbrain with more functional impact compared to previous studies using a more posterior injury location. Results reported in this work reveal recovery over seven days following spinal cord injury. COMPARING WITH EXISTING METHODS The present work describes a modified paradigm for the in vivo study of spinal cord regeneration after injury using larval zebrafish, including an anterior injury location, a robust behavioral assessment, and a new data analysis software. CONCLUSIONS Our findings lay the foundation for applying this paradigm to study the effects of drugs, nutrition, and other treatments to improve the regeneration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentry Andrews
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Geoffrey Andrews
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yuk Fai Leung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Daniel M Suter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Gouze H, Aegerter P, Gouyette Y, Breban M, D'Agostino MA. Risk of cardiovascular disease decreases over time in psoriatic arthritis but not in spondylarthritis: meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:2638-2647. [PMID: 38366949 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SpA and PsA represent two frequent inflammatory rheumatic disorders characterized by an increased burden on quality of life due to the association of several comorbidities, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD). The estimated prevalence of CVD ranges from 12 to 19% and differs between the two diseases, however, the incidence of CVD is not completely known. We aimed to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-analysis of controlled observational studies to assess the incidence rate of CVD over time in SpA and PsA. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review (SLR) of longitudinal studies with a study period of at least 5 years, including SpA/PsA patients and general population. The main outcome was the occurrence of CVD, including ischaemic heart disease, stroke and death from CV causes. We then performed a random-effects model for meta-analysis. RESULTS The SLR included 34 articles, mainly focused on the association between SpA/PsA and CVD. Twenty-four articles were then selected for the meta-analysis. The overall incidence of CVD was increased in PsA [hazard ratio (HR) 1.28 (95% CI 1.15, 1.43)] and in SpA [HR 1.45 (95% CI 1.22, 1.72)] compared with the general population, with consistency across the different types of CVDs. Interestingly the incidence tended to decrease over time in PsA but not in SpA. CONCLUSION The SLR and meta-analysis confirmed the increased incidence of CVD in both SpA and PsA patients compared with the general population, although the increase seems to be less prominent in PsA than in SpA. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Gouze
- Rheumatology Department, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP-Paris Saclay, Boulogne, France
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Aegerter
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
- Epidemiology and Public Health Service, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yasmine Gouyette
- Rheumatology Department, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP-Paris Saclay, Boulogne, France
- Infection and Inflammation, UMR 1173, Inserm, UVSQ/Paris Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Maxime Breban
- Rheumatology Department, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP-Paris Saclay, Boulogne, France
- Infection and Inflammation, UMR 1173, Inserm, UVSQ/Paris Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria Antonietta D'Agostino
- UOC Reumatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Roma, Italy
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Ma Q, Yuan R, Wang S, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Yuan X, Wang Q, Luo C. Indigenized Characterization Factors for Health Damage Due to Ambient PM 2.5 in Life Cycle Impact Assessment in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:17320-17333. [PMID: 39298624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a broadly used method for quantifying environmental impacts, and life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is an important step as well as a major source of uncertainties in LCA. Characterization factors (CFs) are pivotal elements in LCIA models. In China, the health loss due to ambient PM2.5 is an important aspect of LCIA results, which, however, is generally assessed by adopting CFs developed by global models and there remains a need to integrate localized considerations and the latest information for more precise applications in China. In this study, we developed indigenized CFs for LCIA of health damage due to ambient PM2.5 in China by coupling the atmospheric chemical transport model GEOS-Chem, exposure-response model GEMM containing Chinese cohort studies, and the latest local data. Results show that CFs of four major PM2.5 precursors all exhibit significant interregional variation and monthly differences in China. Our results were generally an order of magnitude higher and show disparate spatial distribution compared to CFs currently in use, suggesting that the health damage due to ambient PM2.5 was underestimated in LCIA in China, and indigenized CFs need to be adopted for more accurate results in LCIA and LCA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Renxiao Yuan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Shan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Xueliang Yuan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Qingsong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Sustainable Development Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Congwei Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
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Kitaw TA, Azmeraw M, Temesgen D, Haile RN. Time to recovery from severe community-acquired pneumonia and its determinants among older adults admitted to North Wollo hospitals: A multi-centred cohort study. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04203. [PMID: 39325926 PMCID: PMC11426932 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Severe community-acquired pneumonia presents a looming threat to older adults globally, often resulting in alarming mortality rates. Despite advancements in treatment, challenges persist, exacerbated by factors like increasing comorbidity. As age rises, so does the risk of mortality and prolonged recovery periods. Particularly in low-income countries such as Ethiopia, the burden of severe community-acquired pneumonia is staggering. Yet, research on the estimated time to recovery and its determinants among older adults in this region remains insufficient, demanding urgent attention. Hence, in this study we endeavour to uncover insights into the recovery time and contributing factors among older adults. Methods We conducted a multi-centred retrospective cohort study among 422 older adults aged >65 years. We collected data using a structured checklist, and the final sample was meticulously selected using a systematic sampling technique. We computed Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests to compare survival curves. We assessed multicollinearity using variance inflation factors. Further, we employed a Cox regression model to identify significant determinants, with model fitness evaluated using a Cox-Snell residual plot. Statistical significance was declared at a P ≤ 0.05. Results In this study, 79.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 75.58-83.29) of patients achieved recovery, with a median time to recovery from severe community-acquired pneumonia of 19 days. Age >75 years, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, elevated creatinine level and baseline white blood cells greater than 11.0 × 109/L were found to be significant determinants. Conclusions On average, older adults take 19 days to recover from severe community-acquired pneumonia. Recovery times are notably longer for individuals aged >75 years, those with comorbidities, and those with elevated white blood cell and creatinine levels. Therefore, tailored interventions addressing these specific factors could potentially improve patient outcomes.
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Solmi M, Miola A, Capone F, Pallottino S, Højlund M, Firth J, Siskind D, Holt RIG, Corbeil O, Cortese S, Dragioti E, Du Rietz E, Nielsen RE, Nordentoft M, Fusar-Poli P, Hartman CA, Høye A, Koyanagi A, Larsson H, Lehto K, Lindgren P, Manchia M, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Vieta E, Taipale H, Correll CU. Risk factors, prevention and treatment of weight gain associated with the use of antidepressants and antipsychotics: a state-of-the-art clinical review. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39225182 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2396396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with severe mental illness have poor cardiometabolic health. Commonly used antidepressants and antipsychotics frequently lead to weight gain, which may further contribute to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. AREAS COVERED We searched MEDLINE up to April 2023 for umbrella reviews, (network-)meta-analyses, trials and cohort studies on risk factors, prevention and treatment strategies of weight gain associated with antidepressants/antipsychotics. We developed 10 clinical recommendations. EXPERT OPINION To prevent, manage, and treat antidepressant/antipsychotic-related weight gain, we recommend i) assessing risk factors for obesity before treatment, ii) monitoring metabolic health at baseline and regularly during follow-up, iii) offering lifestyle interventions including regular exercise and healthy diet based on patient preference to optimize motivation, iv) considering first-line psychotherapy for mild-moderate depression and anxiety disorders, v)choosing medications based on medications' and patient's weight gain risk, vi) choosing medications based on acute vs long-term treatment, vii) using effective, tolerated medications, viii) switching to less weight-inducing antipsychotics/antidepressants where possible, ix) using early weight gain as a predictor of further weight gain to inform the timing of intervention/switch options, and x) considering adding metformin or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, or topiramate(second-line due to potential adverse cognitive effects) to antipsychotics, or aripiprazole to clozapine or olanzapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Federico Capone
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Unit of Internal Medicine III, Padua University Hospital, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mikkel Højlund
- Department of Psychiatry Aabenraa, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Dan Siskind
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Physical and Mental Health Research Stream, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, School of Clinical Medicine, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Richard I G Holt
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Olivier Corbeil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, Quebec Mental Health University Institute, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Developmental EPI (Evidence synthesis, Prediction, Implementation) lab, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA
- DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ebba Du Rietz
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - René Ernst Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Outreach and Support in South-London (OASIS) service, South London and Maudlsey (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anne Høye
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Kelli Lehto
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peter Lindgren
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm City Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
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Sharma R, Banerjee S, Sharma R. Role of Mandukparni (Centella asiatica Linn Urban) in neurological disorders: Evidence from ethnopharmacology and clinical studies to network enrichment analysis. Neurochem Int 2024; 180:105865. [PMID: 39307460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Centella asiatica Linn Urban (C. asiatica), aka Mandukparni, is one of the flagship herbs used in traditional medicines to effectively manage neurological problems. Although this plant has a wealth of comprehensive preclinical pharmacological profiles, further clinical research and execution of its molecular mode of action are still required. We searched electronic databases (Google Scholar, SciFinder, MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, and PubMed) using relevant key words to retrieve information pertaining to C. asiatica till June 2023 and performed network pharmacology to understand the mechanism related to their neurobiological roles. This study extensively analyses its pharmacological properties, nutritional profile, ethnomedical uses, safety, and mechanistic role in treating neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, a network pharmacology study was performed which suggests that its phytomolecules are involved in different neuroactive ligand-receptor pathways, glial cell differentiation, gliogenesis, and astrocyte differentiation. Hopefully, this report will lead to a paradigm shift in medical practice, research, and the creation of phytopharmaceuticals derived from C. asiatica that target the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| | - Subhadip Banerjee
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Centre, School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Ganie AUR, Thirumoorthy A, Jangam KV, John Vijay Sagar K. Exploring psychosocial factors in the functional recovery of children with severe mental disorders: A qualitative content analysis. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024:13591045241286106. [PMID: 39293042 DOI: 10.1177/13591045241286106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe mental disorders during childhood and adolescence can be chronic and disturbing, and may result in serious impairments in functioning. Research on the influence of such factors in the functional recovery of children diagnosed with severe mental illnesses is scant. This study aims to enhance understanding of the patterns and descriptions of social factors in the optimal functioning of children with severe mental illnesses. METHODS We performed content analysis on 69 medical files of children taking treatment from Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (from 2018 to 2020). We analyzed the medical files using the summative approach by identifying and quantifying certain words and phrases. The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and data abstraction form were used to record the functioning profile and quantitative data. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS A total of three major and ten sub-categories were identified from the data. The most striking categories in psychosocial environments were intrapersonal challenges, adverse living and relationship spaces, and outer structures and systems. Moderate to severe functional impairments were retrospectively observed among children. CONCLUSION Children diagnosed with severe mental illnesses and with poor functioning are the most affected group of population and hence, require proper attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasim Ur Rehman Ganie
- Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India
| | - Ammapattian Thirumoorthy
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Kavita V Jangam
- Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Kommu John Vijay Sagar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Chu N, Wang D, Qu S, Yan C, Luo G, Liu X, Hu X, Zhu J, Li X, Sun S, Hu B. Stable construction and analysis of MDD modular networks based on multi-center EEG data. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024:111149. [PMID: 39303847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The modular structure can reflect the activity pattern of the brain, and exploring it may help us understand the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about how to build a stable modular structure in MDD patients and how modules are separated and integrated. METHOD We used four independent resting state Electroencephalography (EEG) datasets. Different coupling methods, window lengths, and optimized community detection algorithms were used to find a reliable and robust modular structure, and the module differences of MDD were analyzed from the perspectives of global module attributes and local topology in multiple frequency bands. RESULTS The combination of the Phase Lag Index (PLI) and the Louvain algorithm can achieve better results and can achieve stability at smaller window lengths. Compared with Healthy Controls (HC), MDD had higher Modularity (Q) values and the number of modules in low-frequency bands. In addition, MDD showed significant structural changes in the frontal and parietal-occipital lobes, which were confirmed by further correlation analysis. CONCLUSION Our results provided a reliable validation of the modular structure construction method in MDD patients and contributed strong evidence for the changes in emotional cognition and visual system function in MDD patients from a new perspective. These results would afford valuable insights for further exploration of the pathogenesis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuting Sun
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China.
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12
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Stover JD, Trone MAR, Weston J, Lewis C, Levis H, Farhang N, Philippi M, Zeidan M, Lawrence B, Bowles RD. Therapeutic CRISPR epigenome editing of inflammatory receptors in the intervertebral disc. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00610-5. [PMID: 39295148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) ranks among the leading causes of disability worldwide and generates a tremendous socioeconomic cost. Disc degeneration, a leading contributor to LBP, can be characterized by the breakdown of the extracellular matrix of the intervertebral disc (IVD), disc height loss, and inflammation. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) has multiple signaling pathways, including proinflammatory signaling through tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 superfamily, member 1a (TNFR1 or TNFRSF1A), and has been implicated as a primary mediator of disc degeneration. We tested our ability to regulate the TNFR1 signaling pathway in vivo, utilizing CRISPR epigenome editing to slow the progression of disc degeneration in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with TNF-α and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi)-based epigenome-editing therapeutics targeting TNFR1, showing decreased behavioral pain in a disc degeneration model. Surprisingly, while treatment with the vectors alone was therapeutic, the TNF-α injection became therapeutic after TNFR1 modulation. These results suggest direct inflammatory receptor modulation as a potent strategy for treating disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Stover
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew A R Trone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jacob Weston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christian Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Hunter Levis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Niloofar Farhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew Philippi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Michelle Zeidan
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Brandon Lawrence
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Robby D Bowles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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13
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Johansen M, Laugesen B, Lauruschkus K, Rasmussen HM. Subjective measurement of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39263845 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2400606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity is essential for maintaining overall health. Cost-effective and easily administered outcome instruments are valuable for clinical practice and large-scale population studies. The scoping review aimed to identify and map subjective instruments developed or validated to measure habitual physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy aged 0-18 years across all levels of the GMFCS-E&R. MATERIALS AND METHODS This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and searched the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Embase and Pedro to identify articles. RESULTS From 288 full-text references, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine instruments measured habitual physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy aged 18 months to 18 years. Six subjective instruments were tested for ambulatory children, while three instruments were tested in children and adolescents at GMFCS-E&R level I-V. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Reporting of the psychometric properties were found on reliability in three instruments, while data on validity were reported in all instruments. Further studies assessing the psychometric properties of subjective instruments in the target population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Johansen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Britt Laugesen
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Danish Centre of Systematic Reviews: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Centre of Clinical Guidelines - Danish National Clearing House, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Helle M Rasmussen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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14
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Wu N, Ye E, Ba Y, Caikai S, Ba B, Li L, Zhu Q. The global burden of maternal disorders attributable to iron deficiency related sub-disorders in 204 countries and territories: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1406549. [PMID: 39310906 PMCID: PMC11413869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy-related anemia presents a significant health concern for approximately 500 million women of reproductive age worldwide. To better prevent maternal disorders, it is essential to understand the impact of iron deficiency across different maternal disorders, regions, age groups, and subcategories. Methods Based on the comprehensive maternal disorders data sourced from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, an investigation was carried out focusing on Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) associated with iron deficiency spanning the period from 1990 to 2019. In addition, Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) were computed for the duration of the study. Results Our study indicates decreasing mortality rates and years of life lost due to maternal conditions related to iron deficiency, such as maternal hemorrhage, miscarriage, abortion, hypertensive disorders, and infections. However, mortality rates and years of life lost due to indirect and late maternal deaths, as well as deaths aggravated by HIV/AIDS, have increased in high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, especially in North America. Moreover, the proportion of maternal deaths aggravated by HIV/AIDS due to iron deficiency is rising globally, especially in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and Georgia. In addition, in the Maldives, the age-standardized DALYs for maternal disorders attributable to iron deficiency exhibited a notable decreasing trend, encompassing a range of conditions. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in Disability-Adjusted Life Years rate for miscarriages and preterm births among women aged 15-49, with hypertensive disorders posing the highest burden among women aged 15-39. Conclusion The burden of maternal disorders caused by iron deficiency is decreasing in most regions and subtypes, except for deaths aggravated by HIV/AIDS. By thoroughly understanding the details of how iron deficiency impacts the health of pregnant women, health policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers can more effectively pinpoint and address the root causes of inequalities in maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuer Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Erdengqieqieke Ye
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yulan Ba
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Shareli Caikai
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bayinsilema Ba
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiying Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Dumitrescu A, Vitcu GM, Stoica S, Susa SR, Stoicescu ER. Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Populations in a Suburb of the Largest City in Western Romania. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1989. [PMID: 39335503 PMCID: PMC11429410 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12091989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major public health issue worldwide, disproportionately affecting socioeconomically disadvantaged populations due to the social determinants of health (SDOHs). In Western Romania, these populations are particularly vulnerable to CVD. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and impact of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals in Western Romania and identify the primary CVRFs contributing to the high incidence of CVD within this population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational design was employed, utilizing data from the medical records of 1433 eligible individuals. The inclusion criteria were based on Eurostat's EU-SILC benchmarks, focusing on severe material deprivation, at-risk-of-poverty rates, and low work intensity. Data on demographics, familial and personal medical history, smoking status, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and HbA1c levels were collected. Results: Of the 1433 subjects, 34.75% were male, with a median age of 52 years. Significant conditions included diabetes (7.39%), coronary disease (3.83%), arterial hypertension (35.58%), and dyslipidemia (21.28%). Median ages were higher for those with diabetes (65 vs. 51 years, p < 0.0001), coronary disease (64 vs. 51 years, p < 0.0001), arterial hypertension (65 vs. 43 years, p < 0.0001), and dyslipidemia (66 vs. 47 years, p < 0.0001). BMI (Body Mass Index) classifications showed 33.77% were overweight, 21.21% obese, and 15.07% morbidly obese. Smokers were younger than non-smokers (48 vs. 54 years, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The findings highlight the significant prevalence of CVRFs among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations in Western Romania. Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, impaired glucose regulation, hypertension, and dyslipidemia compared to their before known status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Dumitrescu
- Neoclinic Concept SRL, Calea Dorobantilor 3, 300134 Timisoara, Romania; (A.D.); (G.M.V.)
- Department of Kinetotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, West Univestity of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriela Mut Vitcu
- Neoclinic Concept SRL, Calea Dorobantilor 3, 300134 Timisoara, Romania; (A.D.); (G.M.V.)
| | - Svetlana Stoica
- Neoclinic Concept SRL, Calea Dorobantilor 3, 300134 Timisoara, Romania; (A.D.); (G.M.V.)
- Cardiology University Clinic, Department VI, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre of Timisoara Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Septimiu Radu Susa
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Emil Robert Stoicescu
- Radiology and Medical Imaging University Clinic, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Field of Applied Engineering Sciences, Specialization Statistical Methods and Techniques in Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Mechanics, ‘Politehnica’ University Timisoara, Mihai Viteazul Boulevard No. 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
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Choe R, Ang IYH, Cheng HS, Jacob JE, Ko SQ. Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of residents towards Hospital-at-Home (HaH) and its role in residency training. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:953. [PMID: 39223535 PMCID: PMC11367856 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the proliferation of Hospital at Home (HaH) programmes globally, there is a need to equip junior doctors with the skills necessary for provision of HaH care. The ideal training structure and clinical requirements for junior doctors to be considered competent in providing HaH care is still poorly understood. This study examines the perceptions of junior doctors towards HaH, and aims to determine the learning needs that might be helpful for future curriculum planning. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of residents at the National University Health System (NUHS) Singapore. Using a 45-item questionnaire, we explored the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of residents towards HaH, and their interest in participating in HaH as part of residency training. RESULTS One hundred six residents responded. Overall knowledge and attitudes were mostly average. Perceptions were neutral but comparatively lower in the domains of safety, efficiency and equity. 69% of residents showed a positive attitude and interest to participate in HaH as part of residency rotations. 80% of respondents were keen to have a 2-4 week rotation incorporated into routine training. Demographic factors that influenced higher scores in various domains included type of residency programme and years of work experience. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that residents are interested in participating in HaH. Incorporation of HaH rotations in residency training will allow juniors doctors to receive greater exposure and training in the skills specific to provision of HaH care. Further studies on the introduction of a HaH curriculum and Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) specific for HaH in residency training may be useful to to ensure that we have a competent HaH workforce that can support and keep up with the growth of HaH globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Choe
- Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ian Yi Han Ang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hooi Swang Cheng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan E Jacob
- Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephanie Qianwen Ko
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Chen J, Chen X, Li Z, Chen X, Huang S, Ye G, Xie R, Luo R, Zhang Y, Shen X, Zhuo Y, Huang S, Li Y, Zhu Y. Temporal trends in the visual impairment burden attributable to high fasting plasma glucose levels: a population-based study. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:1151-1159. [PMID: 38775871 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels have been associated with visual impairment. Recognising global patterns of high FPG level exposure can facilitate the prevention and treatment of related visual impairment. We aimed to assess the trends of the visual impairment burden attributable to high FPG levels globally, regionally, nationally, and by income level. METHODS We obtained data on the visual impairment burden attributable to high FPG levels from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We evaluated the trends of related disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 through joinpoint regression analysis and calculated the annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC). Countries/territories were categorised into high-, upper-middle-, lower-middle-, and low-income groups based on the 2019 World Bank criteria. RESULTS The age-standardised rate of DALYs due to visual impairment attributable to high FPG levels significantly increased globally, from 6.75 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 1.55-15.79) in 1990 to 8.44 per 100,000 population (95% UI, 2.00-19.63) in 2019 (AAPC, 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-0.89; p < 0.001). The largest increases were observed in high-income (AAPC, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60-0.85) and lower-middle-income countries/territories (AAPC, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62-0.73). In 2019, lower-middle-income countries/territories had the highest age-standardised DALY rate (18.94 per 100,000 population; 95% UI, 4.39-43.98), whereas high-income countries/territories had the lowest (2.97 per 100,000 population; 95% UI, 0.75-6.74). CONCLUSIONS The visual impairment burden associated with elevated FPG levels has increased significantly, necessitating enhanced public health prevention measures, clinical management, and treatment to mitigate adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Zhidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Guitong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Rui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ruiyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xinyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shengsong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Yiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Yingting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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Weintraub WS, Kolm P, Dolman S, Alva M, Bhatt DL, Zhang Z. Cost-Effectiveness of Sotagliflozin in SOLOIST-WHF. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2024; 12:1600-1610. [PMID: 38878007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of sotagliflozin in patients with diabetes and recent worsening of heart failure was shown in the SOLOIST-WHF trial. However, the cost-effectiveness of sotagliflozin in these patients has not been previously investigated. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to determine the cost-effectiveness of sotagliflozin in patients with diabetes and recent worsening of heart failure. METHODS Based on SOLOIST-WHF trial data (N = 1,222), the authors constructed a Markov model to estimate the lifetime impact of sotagliflozin from a U.S. health care sector perspective. Cost data were sourced from the National Inpatient Sample. Life expectancy was modeled from census data and modified by the mortality rate in SOLOIST-WHF. Fatal and nonfatal event rates were carried forward from the trial data. Utility was assessed from the published reports. RESULTS Lifetime quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were 4.43 and 4.04 in the sotagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively, and lifetime costs were $220,113 and $188,198 in the sotagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively. The point estimate incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $81,823 per QALY gained. The probability of being cost-effective was 3.6%, 67.5%, and 89.4% at willingness-to-pay thresholds of $50,000, $100,000, and $150,000, respectively, per QALY gained. CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetes and recent worsening of heart failure, sotagliflozin is cost-effective in the U.S. using commonly accepted willingness-to-pay thresholds. (Effect of Sotagliflozin on Cardiovascular Events in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Post Worsening Heart Failure [SOLOIST-WHF]; NCT03521934).
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Weintraub
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Paul Kolm
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Maria Alva
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zugui Zhang
- Christiana Care Health System, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Kimura Y, Otobe Y, Suzuki M, Tanaka S, Kojima I, Suzuki Y, Oyamada C, Kobayashi D, Hamanaka K, Yamada M. Relationship between physical activity levels and changes in skeletal muscle characteristics in patients with stroke. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:4377-4383. [PMID: 37870203 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2272715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) levels and short-term changes in skeletal muscle characteristics in patients with subacute hemiparetic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational study included 76 patients with stroke who received inpatient care in a convalescent rehabilitation ward. The PA level was measured as the duration of daily total PA (≥ 1.5 metabolic equivalents) using a triaxial accelerometer for 7 days after admission. The outcomes were changes in the quadriceps muscle quality and quantity on the affected and unaffected sides, as assessed by ultrasonography at admission and 1 month after admission. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis indicated that the duration of total PA was significantly associated with a percentage change in quadriceps muscle quality (p = 0.011) and quantity (p = 0.012) on the affected side. However, no significant relationship was observed between the muscle quality and quantity on the unaffected side. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that PA was associated with changes in the quadriceps muscle quality and quantity on the affected side in patients with subacute hemiparetic stroke. These findings highlight the importance of promoting PA in stroke rehabilitation to improve muscle properties and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kimura
- College of Science and Engineering, Health Science and Technology Course, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuhei Otobe
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mizue Suzuki
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Yamato University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shu Tanaka
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iwao Kojima
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Suzuki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health care Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Oyamada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health care Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daishun Kobayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health care Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Hamanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health care Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Lynch CJ, Elbau IG, Ng T, Ayaz A, Zhu S, Wolk D, Manfredi N, Johnson M, Chang M, Chou J, Summerville I, Ho C, Lueckel M, Bukhari H, Buchanan D, Victoria LW, Solomonov N, Goldwaser E, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Downar J, Vila-Rodriguez F, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Kay K, Aloysi A, Gordon EM, Bhati MT, Williams N, Power JD, Zebley B, Grosenick L, Gunning FM, Liston C. Frontostriatal salience network expansion in individuals in depression. Nature 2024; 633:624-633. [PMID: 39232159 PMCID: PMC11410656 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Decades of neuroimaging studies have shown modest differences in brain structure and connectivity in depression, hindering mechanistic insights or the identification of risk factors for disease onset1. Furthermore, whereas depression is episodic, few longitudinal neuroimaging studies exist, limiting understanding of mechanisms that drive mood-state transitions. The emerging field of precision functional mapping has used densely sampled longitudinal neuroimaging data to show behaviourally meaningful differences in brain network topography and connectivity between and in healthy individuals2-4, but this approach has not been applied in depression. Here, using precision functional mapping and several samples of deeply sampled individuals, we found that the frontostriatal salience network is expanded nearly twofold in the cortex of most individuals with depression. This effect was replicable in several samples and caused primarily by network border shifts, with three distinct modes of encroachment occurring in different individuals. Salience network expansion was stable over time, unaffected by mood state and detectable in children before the onset of depression later in adolescence. Longitudinal analyses of individuals scanned up to 62 times over 1.5 years identified connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that tracked fluctuations in specific symptoms and predicted future anhedonia symptoms. Together, these findings identify a trait-like brain network topology that may confer risk for depression and mood-state-dependent connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that predict the emergence and remission of depressive symptoms over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Immanuel G Elbau
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tommy Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aliza Ayaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danielle Wolk
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicola Manfredi
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jolin Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Claire Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maximilian Lueckel
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derrick Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Nili Solomonov
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Goldwaser
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Moia
- Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia, Spain
| | | | - Jonathan Downar
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kendrick Kay
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amy Aloysi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mahendra T Bhati
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nolan Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Power
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Zebley
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Logan Grosenick
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faith M Gunning
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Wu Y, Zhang H, Shen Q, Jiang X, Yuan X, Li M, Chen M, Zhou J, Cui J. Exploring the neurocognitive correlates of suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder: The role of frontoparietal and default mode networks. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 177:211-218. [PMID: 39032275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation (SI) is a common symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), often accompanied by cognitive alterations and emotional dysregulation. However, it is unclear whether cognitive dysfunction in patients with MDD is related to the presence or absence of SI and impaired connectivity within or between large-scale neurocognitive networks. Previous studies have shown that the frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode network (DMN) are critical for cognitive control and emotional regulation. Participants were 51 MDD patients with suicidal ideation (MDDSI), 52 MDD patients without suicidal ideation (MDDNSI), and 55 healthy controls (HC). Using areas located within FPN and DMN networks as regions of interest (ROIs), we compared the cognitive performance of the three groups and the strength of the resting state functional connections (RSFC) within and between the FPN and DMN networks. Additionally, we examined the correlation between the strength of FC within the FPN and cognitive function in the SI group. Furthermore, network-based statistics (NBS) were used to correct for the strength of FPN and DMN functional connections. The study identified significant cognitive deficits in MDD patients. Reduced strength of FC was observed within the FPN and DMN networks in the SI group compared to the NSI group. In the SI group, the strength of FC within the FPN network was positively correlated with attention/vigilance. These insights underscore the critical roles of the FPN and DMN in the suicidal ideation, shedding light on the cognitively relevant neurobiological characteristics of MDDSI, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms of MDDSI. URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=131537. Registration number: ChiCTR2100049646.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Department, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Qinge Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Xianfei Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Xiaochi Yuan
- Department of Equipment, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Meng Li
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China; Precision Medicine Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, 272000, China.
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22
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Zhou Y, Zheng M, Gong Y, Huang J, Wang J, Xu N, Tong Y, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Cai Y, Zhou Y. Changing seroprevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in China from 1982 to 2020: A systematic review and spatial analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012466. [PMID: 39226311 PMCID: PMC11398675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a global public health issue. In China, while the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica has currently reduced to a relatively low level, risk of infection still exists in certain areas. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive research on the long-term trends of national seroprevalence, changes across age groups, and characteristics in spatial distribution, which is crucial for effectively targeting interventions and achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030. Our study aimed to address this gap by analyzing the long-term trends of Schistosomiasis japonica seroprevalence in China from 1982 to 2020 based on the data from diverse sources spanning a period of 39 years. METHODOLOGY Seroprevalence data were collected from literature databases and national schistosomiasis surveillance system. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence. Joinpoint model was used to identify changing trend and inflection point. Inverse distance weighted interpolation was used to determine the spatial distribution of seroprevalence. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The seroprevalence decreased from 34.8% in 1982 to 2.4% in 2020 in China. Before 2006, the seroprevalence was higher in the middle age group, and a pattern of increasing with age was observed afterwards. The areas with high seroprevalence existed in Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Jianghan Plain, the Anhui branch of the Yangtze River and some localized mountainous regions in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE There was a significant decline in the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica from 1982 to 2020 in China. Nevertheless, schistosomiasis has not been eradicated; thus, implementing precise and personalized monitoring measures is crucial for the elimination of schistosomiasis, especially in endemic areas and with a particular focus on the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Mao Zheng
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Gong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Tong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
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23
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Al-Aqeel S. Nonadherence to antiseizure medications: what have we learned and what can be done next? Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2024; 24:791-798. [PMID: 38676921 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2349191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonadherence to antiseizure medications (ASMs) is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, health care utilization, and costs. AREAS COVERED This article reviewed 18 randomized controlled trials published between Jan 2010 and Feb 2024 on Medication Adherence Enhancing Intervention (MAEI) for people with epilepsy. The adequacy of reporting intervention development process was assessed using the GUIDance for the rEporting of intervention Development (GUIDED). The adequacy of the intervention description was assessed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. The interventions were categorized as educational (n = 7), behavioral (n = 5), or mixed (n = 6). The impact of MAEIs on adherence is mixed with majority of studies either reporting no difference between intervention and control groups (n = 6) or improvement in the intervention group (n = 7). The shortcomings in the reporting of MAEIs development, MAEIs description, and MAEIs impact measurement were discussed. EXPERT OPINION Future research needs to accomplish the following tasks: 1) develop and test valid epilepsy-specific self-report measures for assessing adherence; 2) optimize intervention design; and 3) increase transparency in reporting all stages of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinaa Al-Aqeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Rooban S, Arul Senghor K, Vinodhini V, Kumar J. Adropin: A crucial regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Metabol Open 2024; 23:100299. [PMID: 39045137 PMCID: PMC11263719 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adropin, a peptide discovered in 2008, has gained recognition as a key regulator of cardiovascular health and metabolic balance. Initially identified for its roles in energy balance, lipid metabolism, and glucose regulation, adropin has also been found to improve cardiovascular health by enhancing endothelial function, modulating lipid profiles, and reducing oxidative stress. These protective mechanisms suggest that adropin may be able to help prevent conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Research has established connections between adropin and cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, positioning it as a valuable biomarker for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk. New studies highlight adropin's diagnostic and prognostic significance, showing that higher levels are linked to better cardiovascular outcomes, while lower levels are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on adropin, emphasizing its significance as a promising focus in the intersection of cardiovascular health and metabolic health. By summarizing the latest research findings, this review aims to offer insights into the potential applications of adropin in both clinical practice and research, leading to a deeper understanding of its role in maintaining cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rooban
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K.A. Arul Senghor
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V.M. Vinodhini
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J.S. Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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25
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Pinto VM, Mazzi F, De Franceschi L. Novel therapeutic approaches in thalassemias, sickle cell disease, and other red cell disorders. Blood 2024; 144:853-866. [PMID: 38820588 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this last decade, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of hereditary red cell disorders and the development of novel classes of pharmacologic agents have provided novel therapeutic approaches to thalassemias, sickle cell disease (SCD), and other red cell disorders. Here, we analyze and discuss the novel therapeutic options according to their targets, taking into consideration the complex process of erythroid differentiation, maturation, and survival of erythrocytes in the peripheral circulation. We focus on active clinical exploratory and confirmatory trials on thalassemias, SCD, and other red cell disorders. Beside β-thalassemia and SCD, we found that the development of new therapeutic strategies has allowed for the design of clinic studies for hereditary red cell disorders still lacking valuable therapeutic alternative such as α-thalassemias, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, or Diamond-Blackfan anemia. In addition, reduction of heme synthesis, which can be achieved by the repurposed antipsychotic drug bitopertin, might affect not only hematological disorders but multiorgan diseases such as erythropoietic protoporphyria. Finally, our review highlights the current state of therapeutic scenarios, in which multiple indications targeting different red cell disorders are being considered for a single agent. This is a welcome change that will hopefully expand therapeutic option for patients affected by thalassemias, SCD, and other red cell disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Maria Pinto
- Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Centro della Microcitemia, Anemie Congenite e Dismetabolismo del Ferro, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Mazzi
- Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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26
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Arasappan D, Spears A, Shah S, Mayfield RD, Akula N, McMahon FJ, Jabbi M. Brain transcriptomic signatures for mood disorders and suicide phenotypes: an anterior insula and subgenual ACC network postmortem study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.14.606080. [PMID: 39185191 PMCID: PMC11343154 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.14.606080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Mood disorders affect over ten percent of humans, but studies dissecting the brain anatomical and molecular neurobiological mechanisms underlying mood (dys)functions have not consistently identified the patterns of pathological changes in relevant brain regions. Recent studies have identified pathological changes in the anterior insula (Ant-Ins) and subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC) brain network in mood disorders, in line with this network's role in regulating mood/affective feeling states. Here, we applied whole-tissue RNA-sequencing measures of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mood disorders versus (vs.) psychiatrically unaffected controls (controls) to identify postmortem molecular pathological markers for mood disorder phenotypes. Using data-driven factor analysis of the postmortem phenotypic variables to determine relevant sources of population variances, we identified DEGs associated with mood disorder-related diagnostic phenotypes by combining gene co-expression, differential gene expression, and pathway-enrichment analyses. We found downregulation/under expression of inflammatory, and protein synthesis-related genes associated with psychiatric morbidity (i.e., all co-occurring mental disorders and suicide outcomes/death by suicide) in Ant-Ins, in contrasts to upregulation of synaptic membrane and ion channel-related genes with increased psychiatric morbidity in sgACC. Our results identified a preponderance of downregulated metabolic, protein synthesis, inflammatory, and synaptic membrane DEGs associated with suicide outcomes in relation to a factor representing longevity in the Ant-Ins and sgACC (AIAC) network. Our study revealed a critical brain network molecular repertoire for mood disorder phenotypes, including suicide outcomes and longevity, and provides a framework for defining dosage-sensitive (i.e., downregulated vs. upregulated) molecular signatures for mood disorder phenotypic complexity and pathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Arasappan
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Abigail Spears
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Simran Shah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Roy D Mayfield
- Department of Neuroscience and Waggoner Center for Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Nirmala Akula
- Genetic Basis of Mood & Anxiety Section, Intramural Research Program, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Francis J McMahon
- Genetic Basis of Mood & Anxiety Section, Intramural Research Program, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Mbemba Jabbi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
- Mulva clinics for the Neurosciences, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
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27
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Chakraborty S, Dash S, Antara NA, Roy BR, Mamun SA, Ali M, Naz F, Johura FT, Lewis J, Afroze F, Hasan ABMA, Sack DA, Ram M, Tofail F, Ahmed T, Faruque ASG. The Impact of Non-Dysentery Shigella Infection on the Growth and Health of Children over Time (INSIGHT)-A Prospective Case-Control Study Protocol. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1677. [PMID: 39203519 PMCID: PMC11356629 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Shigella spp. (Shigella) is known for causing dysentery with blood in stool, but most children infected with Shigella have non-dysentery Shigella-associated diarrhea (NDSD). The World Health Organization recommends the use of antibiotics when diarrhea is bloody, leaving most NDSD cases untreated. The absence of dysentery may not indicate a low risk of death and severe morbidity. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of shigellosis in vulnerable, young children may be lifesaving. INSIGHT aims to determine the potential benefit of identifying NDSD cases (n = 296) and their outcomes compared to cases of Shigella dysentery [DS (n = 148)] and non-Shigella watery diarrhea [WD (n = 148)]. (2) Children seeking care at hospitals in Bangladesh will be enrolled and followed for 1 year (NDSD and DS) or 90 days (WD). We will determine the impact of NDSD on morbidity, mortality, gut health, nutritional status, and cognitive development compared to DS and WD in children and whether the simple "Rapid LAMP-based Diagnostic Test (RLDT)" can accelerate the detection and treatment of shigellosis in the clinical settings of rural Bangladesh. (3) INSIGHT will determine the impact of NDSD in children and determine if the treatment guidelines of shigellosis need to be revisited to improve clinical outcomes and the development of these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Chakraborty
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sampa Dash
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
| | | | | | | | - Mohammad Ali
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Farina Naz
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Fatema-Tuz Johura
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jade Lewis
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Farzana Afroze
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
| | - ABM Ali Hasan
- Kumudini Women’s Medical College Hospital, Mirzapur, Tangail 1940, Bangladesh
| | - David A. Sack
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Malathi Ram
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fahmida Tofail
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; (S.D.); (N.A.A.); (F.N.)
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Wilastonegoro NN, Andriani S, Sebong PH, Agarwal-Harding P, Shepard DS. Estimating dengue disease and economic burden to inform municipal-level policymakers: Method for a pragmatic city-level observational cohort study. Gates Open Res 2024; 8:3. [PMID: 39221028 PMCID: PMC11362393 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.15015.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent trials have confirmed the effectiveness of promising dengue control technologies - two vaccines and Wolbachia. These would generally be applied at the municipal level. To help local officials decide which, if any, control strategy to implement, they need affordable, timely, and accurate data on dengue burden. Building on our previous work in Mexico, Indonesia, and Thailand, we developed a streamlined prospective method to estimate dengue burden at the municipal level quickly, accurately, and efficiently. Methods The method entails enrolling and repeatedly interviewing 100 patients with laboratory-confirmed dengue. They will be selected after screening and testing about 1,000 patients with clinical dengue. The method will capture both acute and chronic effects relating to disease, economic burden, and psychological impacts (presenteeism). The total time requirements are 1.5 years, comprised of 0.25 years for planning and approvals, 1 year for data collection (a full dengue cycle), and 0 .25 years for data cleaning and analysis. A collaboration with municipal and academic colleagues in the city of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia shows how the method could be readily applied in Indonesia's eighth largest city (population 1.8 million). Conclusions Many surveillance studies gather only information on numbers of cases. This proposed method will provide a comprehensive picture of the dengue burden to the health system, payers, and households at the local level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandyan N. Wilastonegoro
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sri Andriani
- Health Department, Government of Semarang City, Semarang, Central Java, 50249, Indonesia
| | - Perigrinus H. Sebong
- Faculty of Medicine, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Central Java, 50215, Indonesia
| | - Priya Agarwal-Harding
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, 02453, USA
| | - Donald S. Shepard
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, 02453, USA
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Lessa VCC, Martins MBM, Vidal ASC, Araujo LA, D'Andrea Meira I. The reality of epilepsy in primary care in Rio de Janeiro: the importance of educational projects for better patient care. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 82:1-5. [PMID: 39038804 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Basic Health Unit (Unidade Básica de Saúde - UBS, in Portuguese) is the first point of contact in the public healthcare system for people with epilepsy. Primary care professionals need to appropriately diagnose, treat, and refer, if necessary, to tertiary services. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the knowledge of UBS professionals on the management of patients with epilepsy in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS Online questionnaires were performed on the topic of epilepsy before and after exposure to classes taught by epileptologists. RESULTS A total of 66 doctors participated, 54.5% of whom were residents or trained in family medicine. The majority had from 1 to 3 years of practice. Insecurity prevailed in the management of pregnant women and the elderly. Around 59.1% of the participants referred patients with seizures without examinations. A total of 78% of the participants did not correctly classify seizure types, and 2/3 did not define drug-resistant epilepsy. Induction and broad-spectrum drugs were common. The therapeutic decision depended on availability in the basic health unit (UBS) (81.8%), dosage (60.6%), side effects (34.8%), and age (36.4%). Comorbidities and sex influenced 1/4 of the sample. For 23% of the participants, the type of crisis did not affect the choice. Regarding typical non-pharmacological options, 75% of the participants were aware of cannabidiol, 40.9% of surgery, 22.7% of ketogenic diet, and 22.8% of deep brain stimulation/vagus nerve stimulation (DBS/VNS). A total of 90.2% indicated the need for training. CONCLUSION There are deficits in the knowledge of UBS professionals in the management of epilepsy. Specialized training is imperative to optimize the care offered within SUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cristina Colares Lessa
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Departamento de Epilepsia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
- Santa Casa da Misericórdia de São Paulo, Departamento de Epilepsia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Marília Bezerra Magalhães Martins
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Departamento de Epilepsia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Alves Araujo
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Departamento de Epilepsia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabella D'Andrea Meira
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Departamento de Epilepsia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurologia/Neurociências, Niterói RJ, Brazil
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Nascimento GG, Machado FW, Cascaes AM, Silva AE, Boscato N, Demarco FF. Validity of self-reported oral conditions among Brazilian older women: Do socio-economic factors matter? Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:521-529. [PMID: 37183553 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the level of agreement between self-report and clinical examination for oral conditions and evaluate the effect of sociodemographic conditions on the validity of self-report among women aged 60 and older. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a social community center for seniors in Southern Brazil. Sociodemographic data (age, level of education, and income) were measured. Participants were interviewed and clinically examined for the number of teeth (DMF-T index) and the use of dental prostheses. The self-reported number of teeth in each arch and the use of dental prostheses were gathered through interviews. The level of agreement was estimated using the observed agreement, Kappa statistics, sensitivity/specificity (edentulism/prostheses) and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, and related tests (number of teeth). The validity of the oral conditions was estimated according to sociodemographic information. RESULTS Ninety-nine women participated in the study. High levels of agreement were observed for edentulism (97.8%; 95%CI 92.8;99.7; Kappa 0.947) and the use of dental prostheses (97.0%; 95%CI 91.3;99.4; Kappa 0.922). In both conditions, despite achieving similar concordance correlation coefficients (ranging from weak to moderate), the mean number of upper teeth was lower in clinical examination (7.1 ± 5.2) compared with self-reported (8.6 ± 3.6), while the opposite was observed for lower teeth (clinical examination: 9.1 ± 3.4; self-reported: 6.6 ± 5.3). Larger differences were found among women of low income and educational levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the participants' socio-economic position might influence their self-reported number of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo G Nascimento
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Fernanda W Machado
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Andréia M Cascaes
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alexandre E Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Noéli Boscato
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Flávio F Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Zhang J, Yu Y, Chen Z, Wang Y. Trends and disparities in the prevalence of physical activity among US adults with epilepsy, 2010-2022. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 157:109850. [PMID: 38820682 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity may be associated with health benefits for people with epilepsy. It remains unclear how the prevalence of physical activity has changed at a national level over the years and whether this prevalence varies between subgroups. METHODS The National Health and Interview Survey, which was conducted from 2010 to 2017 and again in 2022, was used for our nationally representative study. This study explored the trends and disparities in meeting physical activity guidelines among US individuals with epilepsy and non-epilepsy adults. RESULTS The prevalence of adults with epilepsy meeting physical activity guidelines was consistently lower and remained unchanged compared to those without epilepsy. Among the population with epilepsy, the prevalence of aerobic physical activity was 38.1 % (95 % CI, 32.6 %-43.5 %) in 2010 and 39.0 % (95 % CI, 33.4 %-44.7 %) in 2017 (P for trend = 0.84), and remained unchanged in 2022 (39.1 %). For muscle-strength training, the prevalence was 17.5 % (95 % CI, 13.3 %-21.7 %) in 2010 and 18.8 % (95 % CI, 14.8 %-22.8 %) in 2017 (P for trend = 0.82). The prevalence for both activities combined was 12.4 % (95 % CI, 8.7 %-16.2 %) in 2010 and 16.6 % (95 % CI, 12.8 %-20.5 %) in 2017 (P for trend = 0.26). The prevalence of aerobic physical activity varied by educational attainment, body mass index, comorbid conditions, alcohol-drinking status, and epilepsy status. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the adherence rate to meeting physical activity guidelines among US adults with epilepsy was at a low level and had not improved over time. This finding highlights the need for additional nationwide efforts to promote physical activity in the US population with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhang
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No.1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No.1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Neurology, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, China.
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Adjei NK, Samkange-Zeeb F, Boakye D, Saleem M, Christianson L, Kebede MM, Heise TL, Brand T, Esan OB, Taylor-Robinson DC, Agyemang C, Zeeb H. Ethnic differences in metabolic syndrome in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:727-750. [PMID: 38598068 PMCID: PMC11294386 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically quantify the differences in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) prevalence across various ethnic groups in high-income countries by sex, and to evaluate the overall prevalence trends from 1996 to 2022. We conducted a systematic literature review using MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on studies about MetS prevalence among ethnic groups in high-income countries. We pooled 23 studies that used NCEP-ATP III criteria and included 147,756 healthy participants aged 18 and above. We calculated pooled prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using both fixed-effect and random-effect intercept logistic regression models. Data were analysed for 3 periods: 1996-2005, 2006-2009, and 2010-2021. The pooled prevalence of MetS in high-income countries, based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria, was 27.4% over the studied period, showing an increase from 24.2% in 1996-2005 to 31.9% in 2010-2021, with men and women having similar rates. When stratified by ethnicity and sex, ethnic minority women experienced the highest prevalence at 31.7%, while ethnic majority women had the lowest at 22.7%. Notably, MetS was more prevalent in ethnic minority women than men. Among ethnic minorities, women had a higher prevalence of MetS than men, and the difference was highest in Asians (about 15 percentage points). Among women, the prevalence of MetS was highest in Asians (41.2%) and lowest in Blacks/Africans (26.7%). Among men, it was highest in indigenous minority groups (34.3%) and lowest among in Blacks/Africans (19.8%). MetS is increasing at an alarming rate in high-income countries, particularly among ethnic minority women. The burden of MetS could be effectively reduced by tailoring interventions according to ethnic variations and risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kofi Adjei
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | - Daniel Boakye
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maham Saleem
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lara Christianson
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas L Heise
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tilman Brand
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Oluwaseun B Esan
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - David C Taylor-Robinson
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building 2nd Floor Block F, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hajo Zeeb
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Window P, McGrath M, Harvie DS, Smits E, Johnston V, Murdoch M, Russell T. Pain Education and Virtual Reality Improves Pain, Pain-related Fear of Movement, and Trunk Kinematics in Individuals With Persistent Low Back Pain. Clin J Pain 2024; 40:478-489. [PMID: 38708788 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of combining pain education and virtual reality (VR) exposure therapy using a cognitive-behavioral therapy-informed approach (virtual reality-based cognitive behavioral therapy [VR-CBT]) on pain intensity, fear of movement, and trunk movement in individuals with persistent low back pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-seven participants were recruited in a single cohort repeated measures study, attending 3 sessions 1 week apart. The VR-CBT intervention included standardized pain education (session 1) and virtual reality-based exposure therapy (VRET; session 2) incorporating gameplay with mixed reality video capture and reflective feedback of performance. Outcome measures (pain intensity, pain-related fear of movement (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), and trunk kinematics during functional movements (maximum amplitude and peak velocity) were collected at baseline (session 1) and 1 week after education (session 2) and VRET (session 3). One-way repeated measures analysis of variances evaluated change in outcomes from baseline to completion. Post hoc contrasts evaluated effect sizes for the education and VR components of VR-CBT. RESULTS Thirty-four participants completed all sessions. Significant ( P < 0.001) reductions were observed in mean (SD) pain (baseline 5.9 [1.5]; completion 4.3 [2.1]) and fear of movement (baseline 42.6 [6.4]; completion 34.3 [7.4]). Large effect sizes (Cohen d ) were observed for education (pain intensity: 0.85; fear of movement: 1.28), whereas the addition of VRET demonstrated very small insignificant effect sizes (pain intensity: 0.10; fear of movement: 0.18). Peak trunk velocity, but not amplitude, increased significantly ( P < 0.05) across trunk movement tasks. CONCLUSION A VR-CBT intervention improved pain, pain-related fear of movement, and trunk kinematics. Further research should explore increased VR-CBT dosage and mechanisms underlying improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Window
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- STARS Education and Research Alliance, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Brisbane
| | - Michelle McGrath
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- STARS Education and Research Alliance, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Brisbane
| | - Daniel S Harvie
- School of Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide
| | - Esther Smits
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre, University of Queensland
| | - Venerina Johnston
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich
- Centre for Health Research, University of Sothern Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan Murdoch
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
- Tess Cramond Pain and Research Centre, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, Herston
| | - Trevor Russell
- STARS Education and Research Alliance, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Brisbane
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre, University of Queensland
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Behl T, Kaur I, Sehgal A, Khandige PS, Imran M, Gulati M, Khalid Anwer M, Elossaily GM, Ali N, Wal P, Gasmi A. The link between Alzheimer's disease and stroke: A detrimental synergism. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102388. [PMID: 38914265 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Being age-related disorders, both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and stroke share multiple risk factors, such as hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) Ɛ4 genotype, and coexist in patients. Accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangled impair cognitive potential, leading to AD. Blocked blood flow in the neuronal tissues, causes neurodegeneration and cell death in stroke. AD is commonly characterized by cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which significantly elevates the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with AD and stroke have been both reported to exhibit greater cognitive impairment, followed by multiple pathophysiological mechanisms shared between the two. The manuscript aims to elucidate the relationship between AD and stroke, as well as the common pathways and risk factors while understanding the preventive therapies that might limit the negative impacts of this correlation, with diagnostic modalities and current AD treatments. The authors provide a comprehensive review of the link and aid the healthcare professionals to identify suitable targets and risk factors, that may retard cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in patients. However, more intricate research is required in this regard and an interdisciplinary approach that would target both the vascular and neurodegenerative factors would improve the quality of life in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Prasanna Shama Khandige
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 1444411, India; ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 20227, Australia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehan M Elossaily
- Department of Baisc Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pranay Wal
- PSIT Kanpur, Department of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amin Gasmi
- Societe Francophone de Nutritherapie et de Nutrigenetique Appliquee, Villeurbanne, France; International Institute of Nutrition and Micronutrition Sciences, Saint Etienne, France
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Sardiwalla Y, Price EL, Bridgman AC, Voineskos S. The Burden of Plastic Surgery Related Disease in Canada: A Perspective Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2024; 32:481-489. [PMID: 39104942 PMCID: PMC11298130 DOI: 10.1177/22925503221108447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Identifying the burden of disease related to plastic and reconstructive surgery in Canada will provide timely population-based data, inform policy, and generate support for research funding. Methods and Patients: Data on the burden of disease (ie, prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]), were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 results tool for all available and relevant plastic surgery diseases. The economic burden of disease in Canadian dollars was calculated based on prior studies. Data are presented as either rates (per 100 000) or counts with the associated uncertainty interval. Results: In 2019, plastic surgery related conditions in Canada had an overall age-standardized DALY rate of 556 per 100 000 [463-664]. Of these conditions, breast cancer was responsible for approximately 50% of the overall burden of disease, with an age-standardized DALY rate of 268 per 100 000 [244-294] followed by squamous cell carcinoma (66 per 100 000 [45-94]) and thermal burns (61 per 100 000 [46-82]). Age-standardized incidence rates were highest for cellulitis (2654 per 100 000 [2502-2812]). Breast cancer had the highest age-standardized cost of care of all plastic surgery related diseases, at $5.1 billion, approximately half of the total age-standardized cost of $10.6 billion for included plastic surgery diseases. Conclusion: Plastic and reconstructive surgery related diseases, particularly breast cancer, thermal burns, and malignant melanoma, are responsible for a high burden of disease and significant cost to the Canadian healthcare system. These results will help guide national healthcare policy and should provide support to directing funding and research efforts toward impactful diseases facing the Canadian healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaeesh Sardiwalla
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Emma L. Price
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alanna C. Bridgman
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sophocles Voineskos
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Hui L. Quantitative evaluation of the role of aging and non-aging factors for predicting threats from major chronic diseases and developing control strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34224. [PMID: 39092255 PMCID: PMC11292258 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Various indicators exist to assess the threat of chronic diseases. This paper presents new ones to evaluate the role of aging and non-aging factors for predicting threats from major chronic diseases. Age at zero mortality (AM0) and age at average mortality (AMa) can be calculated by regressing age and mortality (the intercept indicates AM0, the slope indicates the observed slope and r indicates random non-aging factors). A regression equation can be created using AMa at the age of 72 and mortality at the age of 82; thus, the expected slope can be obtained for the aging factor without considering non-aging factors. It is possible to distinguish between aging and non-aging factors using the observed and expected slopes, which should be multiplied by r to produce an index of aging (IA). The lower the AM0, AMa or IA of a disease is, the greater the threat it poses to a population. The AM0 and IA were calculated using data from China (2004 and 2019) for various diseases [cancer, heart disease (HD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)]. We found the severity of threat was highest for cancer, CVD, other chronic diseases, HD and COPD in descending order in 2019. The results suggest that changes in threats may be related to socioeconomic development. Cancer was found to be the greatest threat to younger age groups, with IA<0.5, suggesting that non-aging risk factors may play an important role in cancers. Conversely, aging may play an important role in other chronic diseases, including HD, CVD, and COPD. Compared to 2004, the AM0 of cancer showed the greatest change. In conclusions, the different indicators explain different aspects of the problem and it would be beneficial to conduct in-depth research on the theoretical basis for the association of threats of disease with socioeconomic development in order to develop prevention and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hui
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
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Blanco-Giménez P, Vicente-Mampel J, Gargallo P, Maroto-Izquierdo S, Martín-Ruíz J, Jaenada-Carrilero E, Barrios C. Effect of exercise and manual therapy or kinesiotaping on sEMG and pain perception in chronic low back pain: a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:583. [PMID: 39054514 PMCID: PMC11270888 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of incorporating lumbo-pelvic stability core and controlling motor exercises in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) reinforces the use of strategies to improve biopsychosocial beliefs by reducing biomedical postulations. However, clinical practice guidelines recommend multimodal approaches incorporating exercise and manual therapy (MT), and instead reject the application of kinesiotape (KT) in isolation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the effects of 12 weeks of exercises combined with MT or KT on perceived low back pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) and muscle electric activity measured with electromyography (EMG) of the rectus abdominis and multifidus in CLBP (mild disability) and to explore the relationship between the rectus abdominis and multifidus ratios and pain perception after intervention. A blinded, 12-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried out, involving three parallel groups of patients with CLBP. The study was registered at Clinicaltrial.gov and assigned the identification number NCT05544890 (19/09/22). The trial underwent an intention-to-treat analysis. The primary outcome revealed a multimodal treatment program supplemented by additional therapies such as MT and KT, resulting in significant reductions in perceived low back pain. The subjective assessment of individuals with CLBP indicated no discernible distinction between exclusive core stability exercises and control-motor training when combined with MT or KT. Notably, our findings demonstrated positive alterations in both the mean and peak EMG values of the right rectus abdominis in the exercise group, suggesting a beneficial impact on muscle activation. This study focused on assessing the activation levels of the trunk musculature, specifically the rectus abdominis (RA) and multifidus (MF), in individuals with CLBP exhibiting mild disability according to the Oswestry Disability Index. Importantly, improvements in the VAS values were observed independently of changes in muscle electrical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Blanco-Giménez
- Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Vicente-Mampel
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain.
| | - P Gargallo
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - J Martín-Ruíz
- Faculty of Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Health and Functional Assessment, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - E Jaenada-Carrilero
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Barrios
- Institute for Research on Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Valencia Catholic University, Valencia, Spain
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Woods E, Bennett J, Chandrasekhar S, Newman N, Rizwan A, Siddiqui R, Khan R, Khawaja M, Krittanawong C. Efficacy of Diagnostic Testing of Suspected Coronary Artery Disease: A Contemporary Review. Cardiology 2024:1-22. [PMID: 39013364 DOI: 10.1159/000539916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a highly prevalent condition which can lead to myocardial ischemia as well as acute coronary syndrome. Early diagnosis of CAD can improve patient outcomes through guiding risk factor modification and treatment modalities. SUMMARY Testing for CAD comes with increased cost and risk; therefore, physicians must determine which patients require testing, and what testing modality will offer the most useful data to diagnose patients with CAD. Patients should have an initial risk stratification for pretest probability of CAD based on symptoms and available clinical data. Patients with a pretest probability less than 5% should receive no further testing, while patients with a high pretest probability should be considered for direct invasive coronary angiography. In patients with a pretest probability between 5 and 15%, coronary artery calcium score and or exercise electrocardiogram can be obtained to further risk stratify patients to low-risk versus intermediate-high-risk. Intermediate-high-risk patients should be tested with coronary computed tomography angiography (preferred) versus positron emission tomography or single photon emission computed tomography based on their individual patient characteristics and institutional availability. KEY MESSAGES This comprehensive review aimed to describe the available CAD testing modalities, detail their risks and benefits, and propose when each should be considered in the evaluation of a patient with suspected CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Woods
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Josiah Bennett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Noah Newman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Affan Rizwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Rehma Siddiqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Rabisa Khan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Muzamil Khawaja
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chayakrit Krittanawong
- Cardiology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Zhu J, Li S, Li X, Wang L, Du L, Qiu Y. Impact of population ageing on cancer-related disability-adjusted life years: A global decomposition analysis. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04144. [PMID: 39024622 PMCID: PMC11259023 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As the global population ages, the burden of cancer is increasing. We aimed to assess the impact of population ageing on cancer-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Methods We used the decomposition method to estimate the impact of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological change on cancer-related DALYs from 1990 to 2019, stratified by 204 countries/territories and by their sociodemographic index (SDI). This approach separates the net effect of population ageing from population growth and change in age-specific DALY rates. Results Cancer-related DALYs among individuals aged ≥65 years increased by 95.14% between 1990 (52.25 million) and 2019 (101.96 million). Population growth was the main contributor to cancer-related DALYs (92.38 million, attributed proportion: 60.91%), followed by population ageing (41.38 million, 27.28%). Cancer-related DALYs attributed to population ageing followed a bell-shaped pattern when stratified by SDI, meaning they peaked in middle-SDI countries. Cancer-related DALYs attributed to ageing increased in 171 and decreased in 33 countries/territories. The top three cancer types with the highest increase in the absolute number of cancer-related DALYs associated with ageing were tracheal, bronchus, and lung (8.72 million); stomach (5.06 million); and colorectal (4.28 million) cancers, while the attributed proportion of DALYs was the highest in prostate (44.75%), pancreatic (40.93%), and non-melanoma skin (38.03%) cancers. Conclusions Population ageing contributed to global cancer-related DALYs, revealing a bell-shaped pattern when stratified by socioeconomic development, affecting middle-SDI countries the most. To respond to the growing ageing population and reduce cancer-related DALYs, it is necessary to allocate health care resources and prioritize interventions for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingbin Du
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei Qiu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Herrera-Quintana L, Vázquez-Lorente H, Carneiro-Barrera A, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Castillo MJ, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Is there a relationship of cortisol and sex steroid hormones with mental health in middle-aged adults? the FIT-AGEING study. Endocr Pract 2024:S1530-891X(24)00607-4. [PMID: 39032832 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health has emerged as a worldwide concern given the rising incidence of anxiety and depression disorders in the last years. Cortisol and sex steroid hormones have been demonstrated to be important regulators of mental health processes in older adults. However, the evidence considering these integrated variables in apparently healthy middle-aged individuals has not been thoroughly addressed. The present study was aimed at investigating the association of plasma cortisol, testosterone, free testosterone, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) and Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) levels with mental health in middle-aged adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 73 middle-aged adults with 45-65 years of age (53% women). Plasma cortisol, testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS were assessed using a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Free testosterone was calculated from the total testosterone and SHBG. Self-reported depression severity, generic health-related quality of life, hope, satisfaction with life, and optimism-pessimism were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, the Adult Hope Scale (AHS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Life Orientation Test Revised, respectively - higher total scores of these scales indicating greater levels of these variables -. RESULTS Testosterone and free testosterone levels were inversely associated with BDI-II values in men (all P≤0.042). Cortisol levels were positively related with SWLS scores, whereas testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, and DHEAS levels were negatively correlated with BDI-II values in women (all P≤0.045). CONCLUSION In summary, these results suggest that increased levels of steroid hormones - within the normal values - may be associated with better mental health in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas
- Department of Psychiatry and CTS-549 Research Group, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel J Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Carrero JC, Espinoza B, Huerta L, Silva-Miranda M, Guzmán-Gutierrez SL, Dorazco-González A, Reyes-Chilpa R, Espitia C, Sánchez S. Introducing the NUATEI Consortium: A Mexican Research Program for the Identification of Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Compounds for Prevalent Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:957. [PMID: 39065807 PMCID: PMC11280322 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The need for new drugs to treat human infections is a global health concern. Diseases like tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, amoebiasis, and AIDS remain significant problems, especially in developing countries like Mexico. Despite existing treatments, issues such as resistance and adverse effects drive the search for new alternatives. Herein, we introduce the NUATEI research consortium, made up of experts from the Institute of Biomedical Research at UNAM, who identify and obtain natural and synthetic compounds and test their effects against human pathogens using in vitro and in vivo models. The consortium has evaluated hundreds of natural extracts and compounds against the pathogens causing tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, amoebiasis, and AIDS, rendering promising results, including a patent with potential for preclinical studies. This paper presents the rationale behind the formation of this consortium, as well as its objectives and strategies, emphasizing the importance of natural and synthetic products as sources of antimicrobial compounds and the relevance of the diseases studied. Finally, we briefly describe the methods of the evaluation of the compounds in each biological model and the main achievements. The potential of the consortium to screen numerous compounds and identify new therapeutic agents is highlighted, demonstrating its significant contribution to addressing these infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Carrero
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (B.E.); (L.H.); (C.E.)
| | - Bertha Espinoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (B.E.); (L.H.); (C.E.)
| | - Leonor Huerta
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (B.E.); (L.H.); (C.E.)
| | - Mayra Silva-Miranda
- CONAHCyT-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.S.-M.); (S.-L.G.-G.)
| | - Silvia-Laura Guzmán-Gutierrez
- CONAHCyT-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.S.-M.); (S.-L.G.-G.)
| | - Alejandro Dorazco-González
- Departmento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Reyes-Chilpa
- Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Clara Espitia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (B.E.); (L.H.); (C.E.)
| | - Sergio Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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Hou XZ, Wu Q, Lv QY, Yang YT, Li LL, Ye XJ, Yang CY, Lv YF, Wang SH. Increasing the frequency of plant-based food intake in daily diets reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease among elderly Chinese: a cohort study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1440025. [PMID: 39077159 PMCID: PMC11285190 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1440025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective There is limited research on the relationship between the frequency of plant-based food intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among elderly Chinese. This study aims to evaluate the association between plant-based dietary index (PDI) and CVD risks, providing evidence for elderly Chinese to reduce CVD risks by increasing the frequency of plant-based food consumption. Methods This study analyzed data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2011-2018, employing a multivariate modified Poisson regression model, trend tests, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to assess the linear and non-linear relationship between the PDI and CVD risks. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to evaluate the robustness and population-specificity of the results. Results This study included a total of 1,414 elderly Chinese, and at the end of follow-up, 487 participants had developed CVD. The multivariate modified Poisson regression model revealed a negative association between PDI and CVD risks [RR = 0.983, 95%CI = (0.970, 0.997)]. Similarly, the multivariate trend test (p = 0.031) and RCS analysis (P for nonlinear = 0.600) indicated a linear relationship between PDI and CVD risks. Subgroup analyses showed that the relationship between PDI and CVD risk was not influenced by gender, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, or exercise. Conclusion The PDI was negatively correlated with CVD risks, indicating that increasing the frequency of plant-based food intake in the diet may reduce CVD risks among elderly Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zheng Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Yu Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Tian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Lan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Fei Lv
- College of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Han Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kim S, Kang H, Excler JL, Kim JH, Lee JS. The Economic Burden of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella and Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection: A Systematic Literature Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:758. [PMID: 39066396 PMCID: PMC11281589 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infection and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) infection cause a significant global health and economic burden. This systematic review aims to investigate the reported economic burden of NTS and iNTS infection, identify research gaps, and suggest future research directions. Data from PubMed and Embase databases up to April 2022 were reviewed, and articles were screened based on predefined criteria. Cost data were extracted, categorized into direct medical costs (DMCs), direct non-medical costs (DNMCs), and indirect costs (ICs), and converted into US dollars (year 2022). Data primarily originated from high-income countries (37 out of 38), with limited representation from Africa and resource-limited settings. For inpatients, DMCs were the primary cost driver for both NTS and iNTS illnesses, with estimates ranging from USD 545.9 (Taiwan, a region of China) to USD 21,179.8 (Türkiye) for NTS and from USD 1973.1 (Taiwan, a region of China) to USD 32,507.5 (United States of America) for iNTS per case. DNMCs and ICs varied widely across studies. Although study quality improved over time, methodological differences persisted. This review underscores the lack of economic data on NTS and iNTS in resource-limited settings. It also highlights the need for economic burden data in resource-limited settings and a standardized approach to generate global datasets, which is critical for informing policy decisions, especially regarding future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.K.); (J.-L.E.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Hyolim Kang
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.K.); (J.-L.E.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Jean-Louis Excler
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.K.); (J.-L.E.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Jerome H. Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.K.); (J.-L.E.); (J.H.K.)
- College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Lee
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (H.K.); (J.-L.E.); (J.H.K.)
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Francis A, Erridge S, Holvey C, Coomber R, Guru R, Darweish Medniuk A, Sajad M, Searle R, Usmani A, Varma S, Rucker J, Platt M, Holden W, Sodergren MH. Assessment of clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory arthritis: analysis from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024:00004850-990000000-00145. [PMID: 38976497 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess changes in validated patient-reported outcome measures after initiation of cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) and the safety of CBMPs in patients with inflammatory arthritis. A prospective case series from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry was analyzed. The primary outcomes changes were in Brief Pain Inventory, McGill Pain Questionnaire, EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L), Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, and Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up compared with baseline. Adverse events were analyzed in accordance with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, v.4.0. Statistical significance was defined as a P-value less than 0.050. Eighty-two patients met the inclusion criteria. Initiation of CBMP treatment was associated with improvements in Brief Pain Inventory, McGill Pain Questionnaire, EQ-5D-5L, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, and Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months compared with baseline (P < 0.050). There were 102 (44.35%) mild adverse events, 97 (42.17%) moderate adverse events, and 31 (13.48%) severe adverse events recorded by 21 (25.61%) participants. This study suggests that CBMP treatment is associated with pain improvement and increased health-related quality of life for inflammatory arthritis patients. While causality cannot be inferred in this observational study, the results support the development of randomized control trials for inflammatory arthritis pain management with CBMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Francis
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London
| | - Simon Erridge
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
| | | | - Ross Coomber
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St. George's Hospital NHS Trust, London
| | - Rahul Guru
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
- Department of Pain Management, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff
| | - Alia Darweish Medniuk
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
- Anaesthetic Department, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol
| | | | | | | | | | - James Rucker
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
- Department of Pain Management, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff
- Anaesthetic Department, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol
| | | | | | - Mikael H Sodergren
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Medical Cannabis Research Group, Imperial College London
- Department of Medicine, Curaleaf Clinic
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Cao R, Zhang JX, Chen Z, Sun Q, Bai YP, Zhang GG. Hypertension and iron deficiency anemia: Exploring genetic associations and causal inference. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00243-6. [PMID: 39271387 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Observational studies have suggested a potential association between hypertension and Iron deficiency anemia (IDA). However, it is unclear whether there is a genetic and causal link between hypertension and IDA. METHODS AND RESULTS Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data for hypertension were sourced from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. Genetic variants data for IDA were extracted from FinnGen and the IEU Open GWAS project, all derived from European populations. The genetic association between hypertension and IDA was assessed using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC), with MR employed to determine causality. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) as a major analytical method for MR. Sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses were conducted to ensure result reliability. Furthermore, validation analysis was performed to further strengthen the robustness of the findings. A genetic association between hypertension and IDA was observed (rg = 0.121, P = 0.002). Our findings suggest that hypertension increases the risk of developing IDA (OR = 2.493,P = 0.038), and IDA maybe serve as a risk factor for hypertension (OR = 1.006,P < 0.001). Validation analysis yielded consistent results. Importantly, our findings demonstrated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION Additional insights into the connection between hypertension and IDA were gained. Regular testing of iron ions and anemia-related markers in hypertensive patients is crucial for early identification of IDA. Furthermore, it is imperative to closely monitor the blood pressure of patients with IDA to promptly identify and diagnose hypertension. The implementation of these integrated health strategies is vital for global efforts to tackle the dual challenges of hypertension and IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jia-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Emery CR. Intergenerational mental health effects of traumatic victimization in Nepal: A 3-D theory study. Soc Sci Med 2024; 352:117020. [PMID: 38838530 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intergenerational transmission of trauma is a major focus of international research. Epigenetic, complex-trauma, and intergenerational abuse pattern transmission theoretical explanations all have existing empirical support. Three-D theory argues that in addition to trauma victimization severity, victimization invasiveness and exploitativeness have important independent effects. Moreover, 3-D theory claims that a positive 3-way interaction occurs between trauma victimization invasiveness, exploitativeness, and severity. This study examines the 3-D hypotheses in the context of intergenerational trauma effects on adolescent depression symptoms and suicidal ideation in generation two. Three-D theory may play a particularly important role in intergenerational trauma effects for female victims in the context of conservative South Asian sex role norms. OBJECTIVE Test for main effects, two-way, and three-way interaction effects of invasiveness, exploitativeness, and severity of traumatic victimization on intergenerational transmission to adolescent depression and suicidal ideation in generation two. Pathways from maternal depression and borderline personality symptoms as well as physical and sexual abuse and neglect of the adolescent child were also tested. PARTICIPANTS and setting. Participants were a nationally representative, random, multi-stage cluster sample of 1089 Nepali mothers and their 15-17 year old adolescent children. METHODS Regression models with adjustments for clustering within municipality were used to test the hypotheses. RESULTS One in four Nepali adolescents had considered suicide; more than half had high depression scores. A three-way interaction effect between maternal trauma invasiveness, exploitativeness, and severity was positively associated with adolescent depression symptoms. A two-way interaction effect between exploitativeness and severity of maternal trauma was positively associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. Maternal depression, BPD symptoms, and very severe physical abuse of the adolescent were also associated with adolescent depression symptoms. CONCLUSION Further research is needed to measure and investigate invasiveness, exploitativeness, and severity of traumatic victimization as they bear on intergenerational transmission of trauma. Examination of intergenerational transmission of self-concept as a potential vector is recommended.
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Liu Y, Lin R, Fang H, Li L, Zhang M, Lu L, Gao X, Song J, Wei J, Xiao Q, Zhang F, Wu K, Cui L. Sargassum polysaccharide attenuates osteoarthritis in rats and is associated with the up-regulation of the ITGβ1-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:176-190. [PMID: 39040490 PMCID: PMC11260896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) presents a formidable challenge, characterized by as-yet-unclear mechanical intricacies within cartilage and the dysregulation of bone homeostasis. Our preliminary data revealed the encouraging potential of a Sargassum polysaccharide (SP), in promoting chondrogenesis. The aim of our study is to comprehensively assess the therapeutic effects of SP on OA models and further elucidate its potential mechanism. Methods The protective effects of SP were initially evaluated in an inflammation-induced human chondrocyte (C28) cell model. CCK-8 assays, Alcian blue staining, RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to verify the chondrogenesis of SP in vitro. To assess the efficacy of SP in vivo, surgically induced medial meniscus destabilization (DMM) OA rats underwent an 8-week SP treatment. The therapeutic effects of SP in OA rats were comprehensively evaluated using X-ray imaging, micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), histopathological analysis, as well as immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. Following these assessments, we delved into the potential signaling pathways of SP in inflammatory chondrocytes utilizing RNA-seq analysis. Validation of these findings was conducted through RT-qPCR and western blotting techniques. Results SP significantly enhance the viability of C28 chondrocytes, and increased the secretion of acidic glycoproteins. Moreover, SP stimulated the expression of chondrogenic genes (Aggrecan, Sox9, Col2a1) and facilitated the synthesis of Collagen II protein in C28 inflammatory chondrocytes. In vivo experiments revealed that SP markedly ameliorated knee joint stenosis, alleviated bone and cartilage injuries, and reduced the histopathological scores in the OA rats. μ-CT analysis confirmed that SP lessened bone impairments in the medial femoral condyle and the subchondral bone of the tibial plateau, significantly improving the microarchitectural parameters of the subchondral bone. Histopathological analyses indicated that SP notably enhanced cartilage quality on the surface of the tibial plateau, leading to increased cartilage thickness and area. Immunohistochemistry staining and immunofluorescence staining corroborated these findings by showing a significant promotion of Collagen II expression in OA joints treated with SP. RNA-seq analysis suggest that SP's effects were mediated through the regulation of the ITGβ1-PI3K-AKT signaling axis, thereby stimulating chondrogenesis. Verification through RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses confirmed that SP significantly upregulated the expression of ITGβ1, p110δ, AKT1, ACAN, and Col2a1. Notably, knock-down of ITGβ1 using siRNA in C28 chondrocytes inhibited the expression of ITGβ1, p110δ, AKT1, and ACAN. However, these inhibitory effects were not completely reversed by supplemental SP intervention. Conclusions In summary, our findings reveal that SP significantly enhances chondrogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, alleviating OA progression both in bone and cartilage. The observed beneficial effects are intricately linked to the activation of the ITGβ1-PI3K-AKT signaling axis. The translational potential of this article Our research marks the first instance unveiling the advantageous effects and underlying mechanisms of SP in OA treatment. With its clinical prospects, SP presents compelling new evidence for the advancement of a next-generation polysaccharide drug for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Liu
- Corresponding author. Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524045, China.
| | | | | | - Lixian Li
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lujiao Lu
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jintong Song
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinsong Wei
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qixian Xiao
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fucheng Zhang
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology and Trauma Treatment, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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de Castro AL, Duarte Ortiz V, Hickmann AR, Santos Lacerda D, Türck P, Campos Carraro C, Freitas S, Bello Klein A, Bassani V, da Rosa Araujo AS. Effects of Pterostilbene on Heart and Lung Oxidative Stress Parameters in 2 Experimental Models of Cardiovascular Disease: Myocardial Infarction and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 84:101-109. [PMID: 38573589 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction (MI) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are 2 prevalent cardiovascular diseases. In both conditions, oxidative stress is associated with a worse prognosis. Pterostilbene (PTE), an antioxidant compound, has been studied as a possible therapy for cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effect of PTE on oxidative stress in the hearts of animals with MI and in the lungs of animals with PAH. Male Wistar rats were used in both models. In the MI model, the experimental groups were sham, MI, and MI + PTE. In the PAH model, the experimental groups were control, PAH, and PAH + PTE. Animals were exposed to MI through surgical ligation of the left coronary artery, or to PAH, by the administration of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Seven days after undergoing cardiac injury, the MI + PTE animals were treated with PTE (100 mg/kg day) for 8 days. After this, the heart was collected for molecular analysis. The PAH + PTE animals were treated with PTE (100 mg/kg day) for 14 days, beginning 7 days after PAH induction. After this, the lungs were collected for biochemical evaluation. We found that PTE administration attenuated the decrease in ejection fraction and improved left ventricle end-systolic volume in infarcted animals. In the PAH model, PTE improved pulmonary artery flow and decreased reactive oxygen species levels in the lung. PTE administration promoted protective effects in terms of oxidative stress in 2 experimental models of cardiac diseases: MI and PAH. PTE also improved cardiac function in infarcted rats and pulmonary artery flow in animals with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alexandre R Hickmann
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Denise Santos Lacerda
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica; Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil ; and
| | - Patrick Türck
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Schauana Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Adriane Bello Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Valquiria Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Grodin EN, Burnette EM, Rodriguez C, Fulcher JA, Ray LA. The gut microbiome in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease: A systematic review of clinical studies. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1221-1242. [PMID: 38719790 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that a relationship exists between the gut microbiome and the pathogenesis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD). This systematic review identified studies that investigated the gut microbiome in individuals with an AUD or an AALD. A search was conducted on October 27, 2022, in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Fifty studies satisfied eligibility criteria. Most studies found evidence for gut dysbiosis in individuals with AUD and AALD. Microbiome intervention studies have mostly been conducted in AALD patients; fecal microbial transplant interventions show the most promise. Because most studies were conducted cross-sectionally, the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and alcohol use is unknown. Furthermore, almost all studies have been conducted in predominantly male populations, leaving critical questions regarding sex differences and generalizability of the findings. The study summaries and recommendations provided in this review seek to identify areas for further research and to highlight potential gut microbial interventions for treating AUD and AALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Burnette
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Crystal Rodriguez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Fulcher
- Division of Infectious Diseases, David Gefen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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50
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Nishimura A, Senga Y, Fujikawa Y, Takegami N, Akeda K, Ogura T, Sudo A. Prevalence and risk factors of ankle osteoarthritis in a population-based study. Foot Ankle Surg 2024; 30:389-393. [PMID: 38453588 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of radiographic ankle osteoarthritis (AOA) in Japan and identify its risk factors. METHODS The analysis included data from the population-based cohort study, radiographs of the knees and ankles, ultrasonography of the ankle to examine chronic ankle instability (CAI), and questionnaires on ankle pain, job history, height, and body weight. A total of 597 individuals aged > 50 years were included in the study. The risk factors for AOA were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The study revealed a 13.9% prevalence of radiographic AOA among the participants, with 1.2% reporting painful AOA. Female sex, aging, history of ankle fractures, and CAI were identified as the risk factors associated with AOA. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study highlights the significant prevalence of radiographic AOA in a rural Japanese population, emphasizing the importance of considering ankle fractures and CAI as potential risk factors for AOA development. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE Level II, prospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Departments of Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Senga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takegami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Koji Akeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Toru Ogura
- Clinical Research Support Center, Mie University Hospital, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu City, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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