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Aziz M, Chemnad K, Al-Harahsheh S, Abdelmoneium AO, Baghdady A, Ali R. Depression, stress, and anxiety versus internet addiction in early and middle adolescent groups: the mediating roles of family and school environments. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:184. [PMID: 38570890 PMCID: PMC10993579 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family and school environment play a crucial role across the different developmental stages of adolescence. This paper investigates the potential mediating role of family and school environments in the relationship between the three psychosocial predictors of depression, anxiety, stress, and Internet addiction (IA). Specifically, it focuses on the two stages of early and middle adolescence. METHODS The study involved a survey of 407 adolescents from Qatar, comprising 250 early adolescents and 157 middle adolescents. Inclusion criteria for the study included adolescents between the ages of 10 to 17 years old, residents of Qatar and studying in a Qatar-based school. To assess the constructs of the three psychosocial predictors, IA, family environment, the study utilized the Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Scale (DASS), the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (IADQ), and the Brief Family Relationship Scale, respectively. School environment was measured using questions from the "Health Behavior in School-aged Children: WHO Collaborative Cross-National survey/study (HBSC) 2013-2014. The study applied standard mediation analysis between the DASS components and IA with family and school environment as the mediators. RESULTS Results from the mediation analysis reveal insights into the relationships between psychosocial predictors and IA. The findings indicate that family and school environments partially mediated the relationship with regards to depression, stress, and anxiety in early adolescents. In middle adolescents, family environment partially mediated the relationship with depression and stress and fully mediating the relationship with anxiety. Meanwhile, school environment only exhibited partial mediation in the relationship with anxiety in middle adolescence. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the crucial role parents and schools play in addressing problematic technology usage that develops as a response to depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents. Moreover, the study reveals nuances in the mediating role of family and school environment in early and middle adolescence. This highlights the evolving nature of these influences across the different stages of development. Notably, this study contributes to the literature by moving beyond the conventional focus on the so-called WEIRD population, and offering valuable insights from a region that is underrepresented in current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aziz
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Khansa Chemnad
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Ahmed Baghdady
- World Innovation Summit for Education, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raian Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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Gervais C, Jose PE. Relationships Between Family Connectedness and Stress-Triggering Problems Among Adolescents: Potential Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:237-251. [PMID: 37725201 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationships between family connectedness, coping strategies, and stress-triggering problems in adolescents. To this end, it longitudinally examined the relationships between these three phenomena in a sample of New Zealand adolescents. Data were the three waves of the Youth Connectedness Project, in which 1,774 adolescents aged 10-17 completed a self-report survey three times at one-year intervals. Using random intercept longitudinal mediation path models, we tested whether and to what extent different coping strategies at T2 functioned as mediators between family connectedness at T1 and stress-triggering problems at T3. As predicted, statistical analyses indicated that family connectedness negatively predicted stress-triggering problems over time, and we found that maladaptive coping, but not adaptive coping, significantly mediated this relationship. This result suggests that family connectedness predicted a reduction in maladaptive coping one year later, and this lower level of maladaptation predicted a reduction in stress-triggering problems a subsequent year later. These and other related findings are important as they highlight several mechanisms shaping unfolding problematic situations experienced by adolescents. Contributions of the results to the existing body of knowledge about adolescents' stress and coping strategies are discussed, as well as their clinical implications for the prevention or reduction of stress experienced by adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gervais
- Nursing Department, University of Quebec in Outaouais, 5 St-Joseph Street, St-Jerome Campus, Qc, J7Z 0B7, Canada.
| | - Paul E Jose
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, 6012, Wellington, New Zealand
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Polatcı S, Antalyalı ÖL, Alparslan AM, Yastıoğlu S. Young people's happiness in the context of negative life events and coping strategies: a latent profile and latent class analysis. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:335. [PMID: 37838737 PMCID: PMC10576293 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Young people have to cope with many negative life events and stress factors to maintain their happiness. Although there are studies on how they benefit from different coping strategies and their results, there is no study that profiles/groups young people according to negative life events and coping styles. From this point of view, the study aims to determine different life events classes and stress coping profiles in young people, and to examine the differences in happiness among the new groups created according to the discovered classes and profiles. Participants consisted of 1093 young people (M = 21.08) from different state universities in Turkey. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted, resulting in a 3 profile solution characterizing coping strategies: Positive-oriented (26.8%), slightly positive-oriented (50%), and negative-oriented (23.2%) coping strategy profiles. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted, resulting in a 2 class solution characterizing negative life events: More negative (40.1%) and less negative (59.9%) life events classes. For the purpose of the study, the profiles created with the latent profile analysis and the latent class analysis were considered together and the participants were divided into 6 groups. These groups differed significantly in terms of happiness. The group with the highest level of happiness is the group with positive-oriented coping strategies and less negative life conditions (μ = 4.35, p < .001), and the group with the lowest level of happiness is the group with negative-oriented coping strategies and more negative life conditions (μ = 3.48, p < .001). However, the findings indicated that a positive-oriented coping strategy profile (the profile that scored high on positive coping strategies and low on negative coping strategies) offers the most promising route to happiness whether experienced negative life events are less or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Polatcı
- Department of Business Administration, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ömer Lütfi Antalyalı
- Department of Business Administration, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ali Murat Alparslan
- Department of Public Relations and Publicity, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Seher Yastıoğlu
- Department of Business Administration, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
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Weeks SN, Renshaw TL, Vinal SA. Minority Stress as a Multidimensional Predictor of LGB+ Adolescents' Mental Health Outcomes. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:938-962. [PMID: 34806974 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.2006000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The minority stress model has been used to explain added daily stressors that non-heterosexual (LGB+) individuals experience. While the emphasis of minority stress research is frequently broad (global minority stress) or narrow (specific stressors) in focus, the literature often refers to specific stressors at the domain level as either distal (external) or proximal (internal). This study found that, compared with broad and narrow levels, a domain level approach may be best for understanding the predictive value of minority stress. Multiple regression analyses with a sample of 152 LGB+ adolescents found that distal stress predicted substance misuse (p < .001) and suicidality (p = .002) and was a stronger predicter than proximal stress for psychological inflexibility. This study might contribute to an evidence base that could guide measurement approaches for assessing minority stress and using related results to inform the prediction of-and, ultimately, intervention with-LGB+ adolescents' mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean N Weeks
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Tyler L Renshaw
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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Janssen TWP, van Atteveldt N. Coping styles mediate the relation between mindset and academic resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6060. [PMID: 37055499 PMCID: PMC10099024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted adolescent mental health on a global scale. However, many students were resilient during this crisis, despite exposure to COVID-related stressors. We aimed to study the protective effects of growth mindset on school-related resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the mediating effects of coping styles. The two-year follow-up of an ongoing Randomized Controlled Trial, involving a growth mindset and control intervention, took place during the pandemic. We measured growth mindset, school burnout symptoms, COVID-19-specific stressor exposure, coping styles, and calculated a resilience score (corrected for pre-pandemic school burnout symptoms). Mediation analyses were performed in the total sample (N = 261), and exploratory in the intervention subsamples, to test whether the associations between mindset and resilience were mediated by coping styles. Growth-mindset students were more resilient during the pandemic and used less maladaptive and more adaptive (acceptance) coping styles. Coping mediated the relation between mindset and resilience in the total sample (both coping styles), and growth mindset intervention subsample (maladaptive coping). We found unique evidence for the beneficial effects of growth mindset on school-related resilience during the pandemic, and the mediating effect of coping styles as explanatory mechanism. This work contributes to a growing literature that shows positive effects of growth mindset on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W P Janssen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology & Research Institute Learn!, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - N van Atteveldt
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology & Research Institute Learn!, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kwon M, Oh J. Factors Affecting Sleep Quality of College Students during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020416. [PMID: 36837616 PMCID: PMC9958765 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between college students' fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), intolerance of uncertainty, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify factors affecting sleep quality. Materials and Methods: Data were collected through an online survey of 310 college students from three universities located in three regions in Korea. Results: The average sleep quality score of college students was 4.76 ± 2.86 points, the average fear of COVID-19 was 14.01 ± 5.05 points, and the average intolerance of uncertainty was 31.50 ± 7.92 points. Fear of COVID-19 and intolerance of uncertainty were positively correlated (r = 0.302, p < 0.001). Sleep quality was positively correlated with fear of COVID-19 (r = 0.246, p < 0.001). Sleep quality was positively correlated with intolerance of uncertainty (r = 0.212, p < 0.001). Health status was the most powerful factor that affected sleep quality (β = 0.377, p < 0.001). The next most powerful factors that affected sleep quality were fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.164, p = 0.003) and intolerance of uncertainty (β = 0.122, p = 0.027), respectively. Conclusions: These results are expected to be used as basic data for the development of health intervention programs to protect and improve the psychological well-being of college students by improving their sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihyoung Kwon
- Department of Nursing, College of Life and Health, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Oh
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Kongju 32588, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-850-0301; Fax: +82-41-850-0315
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Scheiner C, Seis C, Kleindienst N, Buerger A. Psychopathology, Protective Factors, and COVID-19 among Adolescents: A Structural Equation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2493. [PMID: 36767859 PMCID: PMC9915090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019 and the associated restrictions, mental health in children and adolescents has been increasingly discussed in the media. Negative impacts of the pandemic, including a sharp increase in psychopathology and, consequently, reduced quality of life, appear to have particularly affected children and young people, who may be especially vulnerable to the adverse effects of isolation. Nevertheless, many children and adolescents have managed to cope well with the restrictions, without deterioration of their mental health. The present study therefore explored the links between COVID-19 infection (in oneself or a family member, as well as the death of a family member due to the virus), protective factors such as self-efficacy, resilience, self-esteem, and health-related quality of life, and measures of psychopathology such as depression scores, internalizing/externalizing problems, emotion dysregulation, and victimization. For this purpose, we examined data from 2129 adolescents (mean age = 12.31, SD = 0.67; 51% male; 6% born outside of Germany) using a structural equation model. We found medium to high loadings of the manifest variables with the latent variables (COVID-19, protective factors, and psychopathology). Protective factors showed a significant negative correlation with psychopathology. However, COVID-19 had a weak connection with psychopathology in our sample. External pandemic-related factors (e.g., restrictions) and their interaction with existing psychopathology or individual protective factors appear to have a greater influence on young people's mental health than the impact of the virus per se. Sociopolitical efforts should be undertaken to foster prevention and promote individual resilience, especially in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Scheiner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- German Center of Prevention Research in Mental Health, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Seis
- Department of Psychology I, Wuerzburg University, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Kleindienst
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arne Buerger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- German Center of Prevention Research in Mental Health, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Afriat M, De France K, Stack DM, Serbin LA, Hollenstein T. Relationship Quality and Mental Health Implications for Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Longitudinal Study. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2023; 32:544-554. [PMID: 36714376 PMCID: PMC9864497 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although parent-adolescent and peer-adolescent relationship quality are critical for adolescent wellbeing during typical stressful life events, the unique features of the COVID-19 pandemic put into question whether strong parent-adolescent and peer-adolescent relationship quality functioned as protective factors of adolescent mental health in this context. The current longitudinal study examined a community sample of adolescents across 3 time points, each 6 months apart (Time 1: Fall, 2019; n = 163, 50.9% male; mean age = 15.75 years, SD = 1.02). Results showed that increases in depression symptoms, perceived stress, and emotion dysregulation from Fall 2019 to Fall 2020 were predicted by changes in parent, but not peer relationship quality. The current study demonstrates that adolescent-parent relationship quality may be protective against mental health difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, while adolescent-peer relationship quality may not. Identifying protective factors that may play a role in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, and other such widespread health crises, on youth mental health is critical in reducing the long-term psychological harm of the viral outbreak, as well as promoting adolescent wellbeing and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Afriat
- Psychology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Kalee De France
- Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, 350 George St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA
| | - Dale M. Stack
- Psychology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Lisa A. Serbin
- Psychology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Tom Hollenstein
- Psychology Departmen, Queen’s University, 64 Arch St, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
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Scheiner C, Daunke A, Seidel A, Mittermeier S, Romanos M, Kölch M, Buerger A. LessStress - how to reduce stress in school: evaluation of a universal stress prevention in schools: study protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:44. [PMID: 36658596 PMCID: PMC9851575 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress is detrimental to health, and children and young people have had to cope with significantly more stress since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, stress at school and in relation to learning is a major problem in this age group. Studies in Germany have indicated that the pandemic has led to a reduced quality of life (QoL) and an increased risk for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Schools are an ideal setting for interventions against stress, which is one of the strongest predictors for the development of psychosocial problems. The present study seeks to address stress by means of a short prevention training programme in schools, including emotion regulation, mindfulness, and self-compassion. In addition to information material for self-study, students should have the opportunity to actively deal with the topic of stress and develop coping strategies within a short space of time. In contrast to very long stress reduction programmes that often last several weeks, the programme is delivered in just 90 min. METHODS The effectiveness of the short and economical prevention programme LessStress will be examined in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (RCT) encompassing 1894 students. At several measurement time points, students from two groups (intervention and control) will be asked about their subjectively perceived stress levels, among other aspects. Due to the clustered nature of the data, mainly multilevel analyses will be performed. DISCUSSION In Germany, there are no nationwide universal prevention programmes for students against stress in schools, and this gap has become more evident since the outbreak of the pandemic. Universal stress prevention in schools may be a starting point to promote resilience. By dealing with stress in a healthy way, mental health can be strengthened and maintained. Moreover, to reach at-risk students at an early stage, we advocate for a stronger networking between child psychiatry and schools. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00025721 . Registered on November 4, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Scheiner
- grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658German Centre of Prevention Research in Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Daunke
- grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neurology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexandra Seidel
- grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658German Centre of Prevention Research in Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Mittermeier
- grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658German Centre of Prevention Research in Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Romanos
- grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658German Centre of Prevention Research in Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kölch
- grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neurology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Arne Buerger
- grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658German Centre of Prevention Research in Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Al Beainy S, El Hassan K. Coping strategies and personal growth: The case of Palestinian refugees in Shatila camp, Lebanon. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1083998. [PMID: 36968712 PMCID: PMC10034374 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between coping strategies used by adolescent refugees in the Palestinian refugees' Shatila camp in Lebanon and posttraumatic growth. Moreover, the study explored and predicted the impact of coping strategies utilized by adolescent Palestinians in Shatila camp, Lebanon on their personal growth and psychological well-being. Data were collected using two questionnaires and a checklist: (a) LEC-5 checklist as an assessment tool to make sure that all the participants have faced or experienced stressful events, (b) questionnaires including the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) to find out the style of coping refugees used, and (c) Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) to identify the factors of growth refugees developed as a result of using different coping strategies. Sixty adolescent refugees at one of the centers in the camp (31 females and 29 males) who benefited from counseling services participated in the study. Adolescent refugees' performance on the checklist and questionnaires revealed the prevalence of stressors among the refugees. The coping strategies mostly utilized were problem-focused coping strategies, as there was a correlation between its factors and some coping strategies, and there were coping strategies used that predict the development of growth among. Finally, as for the counseling and training programs and services, interventions and guidance services seem to better prepare refugees to handle and cope with the stress that they encounter to develop personal growth.
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Yazdanmehr A, Li Y, Wang J. Employee responses to information security related stress: Coping and violation intention. INFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/isj.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel Yazdanmehr
- Paul H. Chook Department of Information Systems and Statistics, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College City University of New York New York New York USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Accounting and Information Management, Haslam College of Business The University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Jingguo Wang
- Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, College of Business The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
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Flannery JS, Maza MT, Kilic Z, Telzer EH. Cascading bidirectional influences of digital media use and mental health in adolescence. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 64:255-287. [PMID: 37080671 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A substantial portion of critical adolescent development is occurring within digital environments. However, certain individual differences may lead adolescents to use digital media in diverse ways. In this chapter we suggest that the way teens use digital media influences how digital media affects their mental health. Further, we propose a model in which these influences, in the context of ongoing development, may have feedback effects on how digital media is subsequently used, thus resulting in a self-perpetuating cycle. Our model suggests that certain developmental risk/protective factors and maladaptive/adaptive digital media behaviors likely perpetuate each other in a cyclical manner each serving to maintain and/or escalate the other. We discuss existing evidence of these processes in psychosocial, identity, incentive processing, and physical health development. Future research focusing on individual differences and self-reinforcing digital media behaviors that manifest these feedback loops may portray a more complete picture of cascading digital media influences across adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Flannery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Maria T Maza
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Zelal Kilic
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
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Lisk S, Carter B, James K, Stallard P, Deighton J, Yarrum J, Fonagy P, Day C, Byford S, Shearer J, Weaver T, Sclare I, Evans C, Farrelly M, Ho PC, Brown J. Brief Educational Workshops in Secondary Schools Trial (BESST): protocol for a school-based cluster randomised controlled trial of open-access psychological workshop programme for 16–18-year-olds. Trials 2022; 23:935. [PMID: 36352473 PMCID: PMC9647960 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are increasingly prevalent in adolescents, often causing daily distress and negative long-term outcomes. Despite the significant and growing burden, less than 25% of those with probable diagnosis of anxiety and depression are receiving help in England. Significant barriers to help-seeking exist in this population, with a scarcity of easily accessible, effective, and cost-effective interventions tailored specially for this age group. One intervention that has been shown to be feasible to deliver and with the promise of reducing stress in this age group is a school-based stress workshop programme for 16–18-year-olds (herein called DISCOVER). The next step is to rigorously assess the effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness, of the DISCOVER intervention in a fully powered cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT). If found to be clinically and cost-effective, DISCOVER could be scaled up as a service model UK-wide and have a meaningful impact on the mental health of adolescents across the country. Trial registration: ISRCTN registry ISRCTN90912799. Registered with ISRCTN 28 May 2020.
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Spitz A, Aebi M, Metzke CW, Walitza S, Steinhausen HC. Stability and change in a predictive model of emotional and behavioural problems from early adolescence to middle adulthood. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 151:8-16. [PMID: 35427875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The impact of negative life events, self-esteem, and coping behaviour are considered to be contributing factors in the development of emotional and behavioural problems. Differences in the predictive value of these three factors on emotional and behavioural problems from adolescence to adulthood have not yet been studied. Multiple linear regressions separate for the two sexes were used to assess whether the impact of negative life-events, self-esteem, and coping behaviour predicted emotional and behavioural problems at four discrete measurement points from early adolescence to middle adulthood in a cohort of N = 366 participants from a Swiss longitudinal community study. Mostly irrespective of sex, negative life-events and low self-esteem were significant predictors of internalizing problems, externalizing problems and total problem scores in adolescence as well as in adulthood. The explained variance in the model increased steadily from early adolescence to middle adulthood. While the impact of negative life-events was on the same level across all measurements until adulthood, the contribution of self-esteem increased steadily. There was a significant association, particularly in adolescent males, between avoidant coping and emotional and behavioural problems. The cross-sectional findings from this community study reflect long-term robust patterns in the associations of negative life-events, self-esteem, and avoidant coping with emotional and behavioural problems from adolescence to adulthood. Clinically, the three constructs represent actionable targets for optimizing assessment and intervention strategies across the adolescent life-span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Spitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Institute of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Aebi
- Research & Development, Corrections and Rehabilitation, Department of Justice and Home Affairs, Canton of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christa Winkler Metzke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Institute of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Capital Region Psychiatry, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Bourduge C, Teissedre F, Morel F, Flaudias V, Izaute M, Brousse G. Lockdown Impact on Stress, Coping Strategies, and Substance Use in Teenagers. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:790704. [PMID: 35126203 PMCID: PMC8813749 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.790704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the French government took many measures, the most notable of which was a national lockdown on 17 March 2020. Its effects have been widely studied, but to our knowledge, no study has sought to determine how adolescents have adapted to cope with this situation. The present study set out to explore teenagers' stress levels, coping strategies, and substance use during this period. METHODS This paper is a cross-sectional study that rides on an existing prevention program interviewed 348 French middle school students (209 girls and 139 boys) in grade 8 (M age = 13.45; SDage = 0.54) using an online questionnaire between March 17 and May 11, 2020 (COVID-19 lockdown). The study examined the teenagers' perceived stress, coping strategies they had used, including recent use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, during COVID-19 lockdown. RESULTS Teenagers reported lower perceived stress during lockdown than usually, with a significant decrease for girls. Those who perceived the least social support reported the highest levels of stress. The strategies of planning, behavioral disengagement, self-distraction, positive reframing, acceptance, and religion were used more than usual, while active coping and self-blame were used less. Acceptance was the most often used strategy and a source of decreased stress during lockdown. A significant decrease in recent tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use was also observed. CONCLUSION Changes in the use of coping strategies, withdrawal from the stressful school environment, and greater exposure to parents than to peers caused adolescents to be less stressed and to decrease their substance use during the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédrine Bourduge
- LAPSCO, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service d'addictologie et Pathologies Duelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Florence Morel
- Service d'addictologie et Pathologies Duelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valentin Flaudias
- Service d'addictologie et Pathologies Duelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL-EA-4638), Université de Nantes, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Izaute
- LAPSCO, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Georges Brousse
- CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Stainton A, Chisholm K, Woodall T, Hallett D, Reniers RLEP, Lin A, Wood SJ. Gender differences in the experience of psychotic-like experiences and their associated factors: A study of adolescents from the general population. Schizophr Res 2021; 228:410-416. [PMID: 33556674 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
"Psychotic-Like Experiences" (PLEs) are common in the general population. While they are usually transient and resolve spontaneously, they can be distressing and signify increased risk for later psychosis or other psychopathology. It is important to investigate factors associated with PLEs which could be targeted to reduce their prevalence and impact. Males and females are known to experience PLEs differently, but any gender differences in the relationships between PLEs and other, potentially targetable, factors are currently unknown. 302 adolescents (175 females, mean age = 16.03, SD = 0.75; 127 males, mean age = 16.09, SD = 0.74) from secondary schools in the West Midlands region of the UK completed baseline self-report measures of positive PLEs, measured by the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P), and several potentially related factors including: cannabis use, perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and daily hassles. PLEs were common in this sample, with 67.5% of individuals experiencing at least one CAPE-P item 'often' or 'almost always'. Females reported significantly higher levels of PLEs, and associated distress, than males. Anxiety, depressive, and stress symptoms were similarly associated with PLEs in both genders. However, there was a significant interaction of gender and daily hassles in the association with PLEs. In summary, there were significant gender differences in the experience of PLEs in this sample. Although daily hassles were more common in females, they had a significantly stronger association with PLEs in males. Thus, addressing "daily life stress" in adolescents may require tailoring towards the more emotional perception of stress in females, and towards everyday life hassles in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Stainton
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Katharine Chisholm
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Woodall
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Hallett
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Renate L E P Reniers
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stephen J Wood
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Ronchi L, Banerjee R, Lecce S. Theory of mind and peer relationships: The role of social anxiety. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ronchi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | | | - Serena Lecce
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
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Kurtek P. Causal attribution and coping with parental dominance and deprecation in youth with mild intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 33:430-441. [PMID: 31736221 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although interactions among parents and Youth with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) may be stressful at times, most studies focus on the effects of stressful interactions on the parents. This study considers the Youth's perspective - particularly their beliefs about the reason for the parent's actions as well as how they would respond in the situation. The RA-PD test (American Psychologist, 28, 2015, 107) was administered to 151 transition age youth with MID in Poland. The test includes vignettes that describe common situations in which the parent engages in Domination or Deprecation. The participants coping responses, based on a multi-axial approach developed by Hobfoll (Stress, culture, and community. The psychology and philosophy of stress, 1998, Springer, New York, NY), and attributions toward the parental figure in the scenarios, based on Kelley (American Psychologist, 28, 2015, 107), were coded by judges. Correlations between causal attribution and coping response showed a consistent pattern where positive attributions were associated with prosocial coping and negative attributions were significantly related to antisocial coping. The implications for improving coping, especially for Youth with aggressive and passive tendencies, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kurtek
- Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
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Maskevich S, Cassanet A, Allen NB, Trinder J, Bei B. Sleep and stress in adolescents: the roles of pre-sleep arousal and coping during school and vacation. Sleep Med 2019; 66:130-138. [PMID: 31877504 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This study explored the relationship between stress and actigraphy-measured and self-reported sleep in adolescents during periods of restricted (school) and unrestricted (vacation) sleep opportunities. We further examined whether (1) cognitive pre-sleep arousal (PSA) mediated the relationship between stress and sleep onset latency (SOL), and (2) coping moderated the effect of stress on PSA. METHODS Participants were 146 (77 females) adolescents (M = 16.2, SD = 1.0) recruited from the community. Actigraphy assessed daily sleep over the last week of a school-term and the following two-week vacation. The following self-report measures were administered during both school and vacation: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Inventory of High-School Students Recent Life Experiences (stress), Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale, and the Brief COPE (coping). RESULTS Path analyses showed that during both school and vacation, higher cognitive PSA mediated the relationship between higher stress and longer self-report SOL (p < 0.01). During vacation, higher PSA also mediated the relationship between higher stress and longer actigraphy SOL (p < 0.05). During vacation (but not school), problem-focused coping moderated the mediating effects of PSA (p < 0.05), such that more frequent use of coping was associated with weaker association between stress and cognitive PSA, and shorter actigraphy and self-report SOL. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive PSA and coping may be two modifiable factors influencing how stress affects adolescents' sleep onset. Interventions that reduce cognitive arousal at bedtime may therefore shorten adolescents' sleep onset during both school and vacation. Further, the use of problem-focused coping strategies might be protective against the effects of stress on sleep onset, especially during vacation periods. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This paper expands the understanding of the stress-sleep association in adolescents by examining the mediating role of cognitive pre-sleep arousal and the moderating effects of coping. By examining these associations during both school and vacation periods, findings are likely to be applicable to both restricted and relatively unconstrained sleep conditions. Practically, our findings suggest that interventions directed towards the reduction of cognitive pre-sleep arousal may improve adolescents' sleep onset latency. Additionally, fostering healthy coping, especially problem-focused coping strategies such as problem solving, may mitigate the effects of stress on adolescents' sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Maskevich
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Cassanet
- Krongold Clinic, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Trinder
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bei Bei
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Silvers JA, Squeglia LM, Rømer Thomsen K, Hudson KA, Feldstein Ewing SW. Hunting for What Works: Adolescents in Addiction Treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:578-592. [PMID: 30779445 PMCID: PMC6443447 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although adolescents are developmentally distinct from adults, they often receive addiction treatment based on adult models. This is problematic because adolescents face significantly different conditions in addiction treatment, including distinct basic biological and neurodevelopmental stages, unique sociodevelopmental concerns, distinctive addiction trajectories, and, in turn, disparate treatment goals and outcomes. In sum, it can be difficult for even savvy clinicians to know how to approach addiction treatment with this important age group. In an effort to help clinicians and researchers consider substance use via a neurodevelopmental lens, we approached this review with 4 goals: (i) characterize the prevalence, and related health and safety implications of substance use within this age group; (ii) identify the nature of the adolescent brain, including characteristic features of this phase of neurodevelopment relevant to adolescent substance use treatment; (iii) provide an overview of current adolescent addiction interventions and avenues to improve clinical treatment and clinical research efforts for adolescents; and (iv) examine the intersection between the nature of the developing brain and adolescent substance use, and utilize that information to inform alternative routes and directions for substance use treatment in this critical age group. This review concludes by offering a novel neurodevelopmental model and framework to examine substance use interventions, along with a series of recommendations to optimize adolescent substance use treatment and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Silvers
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA;
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 67 President St., MSC 861, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Kristine Rømer Thomsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Bartholins Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Karen A. Hudson
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, M/C UHN80R1, Portland, OR 97239, USA,
| | - Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, M/C UHN80R1, Portland, OR 97239, USA,
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Coppari N, Barcelata Eguiarte B, Bagnoli L, Codas Zavala G, López Humada H, Martínez Cañete Ú. Influencia del sexo, edad y cultura en las estrategias de afrontamiento de adolescentes paraguayos y mexicanos. UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-1.isec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
La adolescencia es un periodo sensible al estrés, sin embargo, el afrontamiento puede contribuir a una adaptación positiva, el cual tiende a cambiar en función de algunas variables personales como el sexo, la edad y contextuales, como la cultura. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia del sexo, edad y cultura en las estrategias de afrontamiento con adolescentes paraguayos y mexicanos. Se realizó un estudio de campo transversal, expos-facto, de tipo comparativo de dos muestras independientes con un diseño 2 x 2 x 2. Participaron de manera intencional 2278 adolescentes escolares paraguayos (n = 1188) y mexicanos (n = 1090), de 13 a 18 años (M = 15.15; DE = 1.48). Se aplicó la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS) que evalúa tres estilos y 18 estrategias de afrontamiento, y una cédula sociodemográfica. Se encontraron diferencias y efectos principales por edad y país en los estilos de afrontamiento productivo, no productivo y con referencia a otros y en algunas de sus estrategias. Las mujeres usan más estrategias de afrontamiento, muchas relacionadas con la búsqueda de apoyo social. Los adolescentes tempranos paraguayos y mexicanos tienden a presentar menos estrategias productivas. Solo se observaron efectos de interacción del sexo y la cultura en los estilos de afrontamiento. Estos datos aportan evidencia que podría ser útil para las políticas públicas de prevención y promoción de salud en adolescentes.
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Park S, Jang H, Lee ES. Major Stressors among Korean Adolescents According to Gender, Educational Level, Residential Area, and Socioeconomic Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2080. [PMID: 30248942 PMCID: PMC6210583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents are exposed to many stressors which have been associated with poor mental health. Using data from the 2015 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, we identified the major stressors among Korean adolescents based on gender, current educational level, residential area, and socioeconomic status (SES). The major stressors among girls were relationship- and appraisal-related factors, whereas boys more often reported health- and conflict-related factors. High school students more often reported academic performance and family circumstances as major stressors, whereas middle school students tended to report conflict-related factors. Urban adolescents reported academic performance and conflicts with parents as major stressors while rural adolescents reported conflicts with teachers and peer relationship problems. Finally, adolescents of lower SES reported multiple factors, including relational and family problems, as major stressors; contrarily, among those of higher SES, the primary stressor was uniquely related to academic performance. This result is significant in that adolescents' stress levels, as well as the types of major stressors, vary depending on individual factors. It could also be beneficial for developing and implementing individualized and thus more efficient stress-management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea.
| | - Hyesue Jang
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul 04933, Korea.
| | - Eun-Sun Lee
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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Chatterjee D, McMorris B, Gower AL, Forster M, Borowsky IW, Eisenberg ME. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early Initiation of Marijuana and Alcohol Use: The Potential Moderating Effects of Internal Assets. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:1624-1632. [PMID: 29364764 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1421224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early adolescence is a critical risk period for initiation of substance use. Internal assets (IAs), which are individual qualities guiding positive choices, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are important protective and risk factors, respectively, against substance use. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether IAs modify associations between ACEs and early initiation of alcohol and marijuana use. METHOD Data were from 9th and 11th graders who completed the 2013 Minnesota Student Survey (n = 79,339). Students reported on experiences of abuse, household dysfunction, and substance use. Multivariable logistic regressions examined associations between different types of ACEs and substance use. Interactions between IAs and ACEs were added to models to test effect modification. For significant interactions, main effects models were re-estimated at different percentiles of IAs. RESULT IAs moderated associations of both abuse and household dysfunction with early initiation of marijuana (p <.003) and alcohol (p =.007) for females but not for males. For females with low IAs, odds of early initiation of marijuana were approximately twice as high as students without any ACEs. A similar pattern was detected for females' initiation of alcohol use. No effect modification was detected for IAs and experiencing only abuse or household dysfunction on initiation. CONCLUSION Special attention should be paid to improving IAs among girls who have already experienced ACEs. Future research should examine protective factors that buffer the effects of ACEs for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara McMorris
- b School of Nursing, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA
| | - Amy L Gower
- c Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA
| | - Myriam Forster
- d Department of Health Sciences , College of Health and Human Development, California State University , Northridge, Los Angeles , California , USA
| | - Iris Wagman Borowsky
- c Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA
| | - Marla E Eisenberg
- c Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA
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Caputi M, Schoenborn H. Theory of mind and internalizing symptoms during middle childhood and early adolescence: The mediating role of coping strategies. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1487270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Caputi
- Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Helen Schoenborn
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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25
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Theurel A, Gentaz E. The regulation of emotions in adolescents: Age differences and emotion-specific patterns. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195501. [PMID: 29879165 PMCID: PMC5991707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments addressed the issue of age-related differences and emotion-specific patterns in emotion regulation during adolescence. Experiment 1 examined emotion-specific patterns in the effectiveness of reappraisal and distraction strategies in 14-year-old adolescents (N = 50). Adolescents were instructed to answer spontaneously or to downregulate their responses by using either distraction or cognitive reappraisal strategies before viewing negative pictures and were asked to rate their emotional state after picture presentation. Results showed that reappraisal effectiveness was modulated by emotional content but distraction was not. Reappraisal was more effective than distraction at regulating fear or anxiety (threat-related pictures) but was similar to distraction regarding other emotions. Using the same paradigm, Experiment 2 examined in 12-year-old (N = 56), 13-year-old (N = 49) and 15-year-old adolescents (N = 54) the age-related differences a) in the effectiveness of reappraisal and distraction when implemented and b) in the everyday use of regulation strategies using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Results revealed that regulation effectiveness was equivalent for both strategies in 12-year-olds, whereas a large improvement in reappraisal effectiveness was observed in 13- and 15-year-olds. No age differences were observed in the reported use of reappraisal, but older adolescents less frequently reported using distraction and more frequently reported using the rumination strategy. Taken together, these experiments provide new findings regarding the use and the effectiveness of cognitive regulation strategies during adolescence in terms of age differences and emotion specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Theurel
- SensoriMotor, Affective and Social Development Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Gentaz
- SensoriMotor, Affective and Social Development Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
- University Grenoble Alpes, LPNC-CNRS, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Chronological Age and Puberty Coping Strategy Among Iranian Adolescent Females. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/intjsh.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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The Moderating Role of Spirituality in the Association between Stress and Substance Use among Adolescents: Differences by Gender. J Youth Adolesc 2017; 47:818-828. [PMID: 28493184 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-017-0687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents are exposed to various stressors that may increase the risk for substance use. Due to the detrimental, and potentially long-lasting, effects related to substance use, it is necessary to explore more optimal coping strategies. This study explored the association between substance use and stress among male and female high school students in relation to spirituality as a moderator. To examine these relationships, the study used cross-sectional data collected from 27,874 high school students (Male = 50.7%, Female = 49.3%) across 58 high schools in Maryland that included an ethnically diverse sample (49% Caucasian, 30% African American) with an average age of 16 years old. Bivariate results showed differences in substance use, stress, and spirituality between male and female students. Higher rates of substance use were generally found among male students compared to female students; rates tended to be higher among female students for stress and spirituality compared to their male counterparts. Multilevel analyses indicated a positive association between stress and substance use among male and female students after adjusting for demographic and school-level factors. Both male and female students who reported turning to spiritual beliefs when experiencing problems were less likely to use substances. However, the interaction between stress and spirituality was significant for males only. These findings suggest that stress may increase the propensity for substance use and that spirituality might be a viable coping mechanism useful for helping high school students adapt to stressful circumstances and situations.
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Ding C, Yang D. Assessment of Grade-Level Differences in Coping Behavior Among Adolescents Using Multidimensional Scaling Single-Ideal-Point Model. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0748175612467462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Ding
- University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dong Yang
- Center for Mental Health, School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Stavropoulos V, Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Wilson P, Motti-Stefanidi F. MMORPG gaming and hostility predict Internet Addiction symptoms in adolescents: An empirical multilevel longitudinal study. Addict Behav 2017; 64:294-300. [PMID: 26410795 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilis Stavropoulos
- University of Athens, 304/218 High Street, Ashburton, Victoria P.C. 3147, Greece.
| | | | | | - Peter Wilson
- Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Pde., Melbourne VIC 3065, Australia.
| | - Frosso Motti-Stefanidi
- University of Athens, School of Philosophy, Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, Athens, P.C. 157 84, Greece.
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McLaughlin KA, Garrad MC, Somerville LH. What develops during emotional development? A component process approach to identifying sources of psychopathology risk in adolescence. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2016. [PMID: 26869841 PMCID: PMC4734878 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2015.17.4/kmclaughlin] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a phase of the lifespan associated with widespread changes in emotional behavior thought to reflect both changing environments and stressors, and psychological and neurobiological development. However, emotions themselves are complex phenomena that are composed of multiple subprocesses. In this paper, we argue that examining emotional development from a process-level perspective facilitates important insights into the mechanisms that underlie adolescents' shifting emotions and intensified risk for psychopathology. Contrasting the developmental progressions for the antecedents to emotion, physiological reactivity to emotion, emotional regulation capacity, and motivation to experience particular affective states reveals complex trajectories that intersect in a unique way during adolescence. We consider the implications of these intersecting trajectories for negative outcomes such as psychopathology, as well as positive outcomes for adolescent social bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washingon, USA
| | - Megan C Garrad
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leah H Somerville
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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31
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Doré BP, Silvers JA, Ochsner KN. Toward a Personalized Science of Emotion Regulation. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2016; 10:171-187. [PMID: 29750085 PMCID: PMC5939931 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to successfully regulate emotion plays a key role in healthy development and the maintenance of psychological well-being. Although great strides have been made in understanding the nature of regulatory processes and the consequences of deploying them, a comprehensive understanding of emotion regulation that can specify what strategies are most beneficial for a given person in a given situation is still a far-off goal. In this review, we argue that moving toward this goal represents a central challenge for the future of the field. As an initial step, we propose a concrete framework that (i) explicitly considers emotion regulation as an interaction of person, situation, and strategy, (ii) assumes that regulatory effects vary according to these factors, and (iii) sets as a primary scientific goal the identification of person-, situation-, and strategy-based contingencies for successful emotion regulation. Guided by this framework, we review current questions facing the field, discuss examples of contextual variation in emotion regulation success, and offer practical suggestions for continued progress in this area.
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White RE, Kross E, Duckworth AL. Spontaneous Self-Distancing and Adaptive Self-Reflection Across Adolescence. Child Dev 2015; 86:1272-1281. [PMID: 25876213 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Experiments performed primarily with adults show that self-distancing facilitates adaptive self-reflection. However, no research has investigated whether adolescents spontaneously engage in this process or whether doing so is linked to adaptive outcomes. In this study, 226 African American adolescents, aged 11-20, reflected on an anger-related interpersonal experience. As expected, spontaneous self-distancing during reflection predicted lower levels of emotional reactivity by leading adolescents to reconstrue (rather than recount) their experience and blame their partner less. Moreover, the inverse relation between self-distancing and emotional reactivity strengthened with age. These findings highlight the role that self-distancing plays in fostering adaptive self-reflection in adolescence, and begin to elucidate the role that development plays in enhancing the benefits of engaging in this process.
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Nicholls AR. Coaching the Coaches: Coping Effectiveness Training for Super League Academy Managers. JOURNAL OF SPORT PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/21520704.2014.911229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Examining the Relationship between Binge Eating and Coping Strategies and the Definition of Binge Eating in a Sample of Spanish Adolescents. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 11:172-80. [DOI: 10.1017/s1138741600004212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study had two major goals: to explore the relationship between binge eating and coping strategies in a sample of Spanish adolescents and to examine the adolescents' concept of binge eating. Two hundred and fifty-nine adolescents from a secondary school completed the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS; Frydenberg & Lewis, 1993) and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE; Henderson & Freeman, 1987), as well as additional questions regarding the binge-eating episodes. The results show that the adolescents who reported binge eating used more avoidance coping strategies than those who did not engage in this behavior. Adolescents took into account mainly the amount of food eaten when defining a binge with few of them mentioning loss of control in their descriptions. The results of the study have implications for the prevention of this behavior. The development of constructive ways for solving daily problems and coping with stressors may be a possible prevention strategy for this behaviour in adolescence.
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35
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Surviving Childhood Cancer: Relationship between Exercise and Coping on Quality of Life. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 16:E1. [DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2013.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis research assesses Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in a Spanish sample of adolescent cancer survivors, and analyzes the relationship between HRQoL, coping styles and physical exercise. Forty-two survivors (12–19 years), who were ≥ 1 year of remission, completed standardized measures of HRQoL (CHIP-AE), coping strategies (ACS) and physical exercise (AECEF). Mean scores in all HRQoL domains were within normative values. Multiple regression analysis revealed that physical exercise and productive coping were related to higher HRQoL, whereas non-productive coping was related to lower HRQoL. This sample of survivors reported good levels of HRQoL, which are mediated by coping styles and physical exercise.
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Al-Bahrani M, Aldhafri S, Alkharusi H, Kazem A, Alzubiadi A. Age and gender differences in coping style across various problems: Omani adolescents' perspective. J Adolesc 2013; 36:303-9. [PMID: 23395184 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examines adolescents' coping styles, with relation to their gender and age and level, of six types of problems. The participants were 1843 adolescents (51.7% female and 48.3% male) from the Sultanate of Oman with a mean age of 15.75. Two scales examining general adaptive and maladaptive coping styles and levels of school, economic, personal, health, family, and emotional problems were administered. The findings showed that adolescents' high levels of perceived problems were associated with higher levels of maladaptive coping styles than those with low levels of problems. Furthermore, female adolescents seem to use maladaptive coping styles (across all levels of the six types of problems) more than males. The use of adaptive and maladaptive coping styles increase with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Al-Bahrani
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, P.O. Box: 32, Al-Khod, P.C.: 123, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
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37
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Markward MJ, Renner LM, Eevans CJ. Peer Victimization and Self-Efficacy in Coping with Conflict as Predictors of Depressive Feelings among Females in Early Adolescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/1754730x.2008.9715733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Cicognani E. Coping Strategies With Minor Stressors in Adolescence: Relationships With Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Well-Being. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sierra-Baigrie S, Lemos-Giráldez S, Paino M, Fonseca-Pedrero E. Exploring the Relationship between Coping Strategies and Binge Eating in Nonclinical Adolescents. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2011; 20:e63-9. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Serafini AJ, Bandeira DR. A influência da rede de relações, do coping e do neuroticismo na satisfação de vida de jovens estudantes. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-166x2011000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivou-se avaliar, em uma amostra de jovens, o efeito das variáveis rede de relações, neuroticismo e estratégias de coping sobre a variável satisfação de vida, e apresentar um perfil descritivo da amostra para essas variáveis. Participaram 502 alunos de 10 escolas estaduais de Porto Alegre, com idade média de 16,6 anos (desvio-padrão=1,4 anos). Os instrumentos utilizados incluem: questionário de dados sociodemográficos, Escala Multidimensional de Satisfação de Vida para Adolescentes, Inventário de Rede de Relações, Inventário de Estratégias de Coping e Escala Fatorial de Neuroticismo. Foram realizadas análises de variância multivariada e de regressão múltipla. Os principais resultados indicaram que os participantes apresentam bom nível de satisfação de vida, utilizam um número variado de estratégias de coping, e que os amigos e a mãe exercem influência sobre eles. Verificou-se que o fator depressão da Escala Fatorial de Neuroticismo foi o que melhor predisse o nível de satisfação de vida total da amostra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Jung Serafini
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Brasil
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41
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Carlozzi BL, Winterowd C, Harrist RS, Thomason N, Bratkovich K, Worth S. Spirituality, anger, and stress in early adolescents. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2010; 49:445-459. [PMID: 19894119 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-009-9295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of spiritual beliefs and involvement with anger and stress in early adolescents. Early adolescents (n = 53) completed the Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale (Hatch et al. 1998), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (Spielberger 1999), and the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen and Williamson 1988). Contrary to expectations, spirituality was significantly and positively related to anger and stress. Implications and possible explanations for the unanticipated findings in this study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Carlozzi
- School of Applied Health and Education Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 416 Willard Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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42
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Dieser Artikel liefert einen Überblick über Befunde zu situativen und personalen Einflussfaktoren auf die Bewältigung alltäglicher Anforderungen von klinisch unauffälligen Kindern und Jugendlichen. Hierzu wurden insgesamt 28 Studien aufgenommen. Mit dem Ziel einer ersten Bestandsaufnahme wird die Frage beantwortet, welchen Einfluss die Faktoren Belastungssituation, Alter und Geschlecht auf das Bewältigungsverhalten der Kinder und Jungendlichen zeigen. Ausgehend vom dargestellten Forschungsstand werden Empfehlungen für zukünftige Studien abgeleitet und Perspektiven für die Gesundheitspsychologie aufgezeigt.
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Forns M, Balluerka N, Gómez-Benito J, Kirchner T, Amador JA. Multilevel approach to stressors, coping, and psychopathological symptoms. Psychol Rep 2010; 106:262-78. [PMID: 20402453 DOI: 10.2466/pr0.106.1.262-278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 4-yr. longitudinal study was conducted of the relationship between stressors, coping strategies, and psychopathological symptoms in a group of 447 adolescents. The Coping Responses Inventory-Youth Form and the Youth Self-Report were used to evaluate coping strategies and psychopathological symptoms, respectively. Stressors were identified on the basis of written reports produced by the adolescents and coded using the System of Coding Problems of Adolescents. A multilevel approach showed that scores for externalizing symptoms increased significantly with age. General distress and internalization also tended to increase with age, although without reaching statistical significance. Approach and avoidance coping strategies remain stable across the ages studied. Avoidant coping increases psychopathological symptoms, whereas the influence of approach coping depends on the type of stressor (personal, interpersonal, or nonpersonal).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Forns
- Institute of Brain, Cognition and Behavior (IR3C), University of Barcelona, Spain
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Veloso-Besio C, Caqueo-Arancibia W, Caqueo-Urízar A, Muñoz-Sánchez Z, Villegas-Abarzúa F. Estrategias de afrontamiento en adolescentes. FRACTAL: REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-02922010000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir y analizar las estrategias de afrontamiento que presentan los adolescentes escolarizados. La muestra total estuvo conformada por 323 adolecentes, estudiantes (184 hombres y 139 mujeres) de Octavo Básico a Cuarto Año Medio pertenecientes a diferentes tipos Establecimientos Educacionales de la ciudad de Arica (Chile): Privado (90), Particular Subvencionado (114) y Municipal (119). A todos ellos se les aplicó la escala ASC de Frydenberg y Lewis (1997). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tipos de Establecimiento Educacional, siendo el Establecimiento Particular Subvencionado el que evidenció mayor variedad de estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas. Se discuten las implicancias a la luz de los resultados hallados.
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Haraldsson K, Lindgren EC, Hildingh C, Marklund B. What makes the everyday life of Swedish adolescent girls less stressful: a qualitative analysis. Health Promot Int 2010; 25:192-9. [PMID: 20233834 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dap061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a widespread phenomenon in society today, not least among children and adolescents. Stress-related ill-health has increased in this population and affects girls to a greater extent than boys. Against this background, it is important to acquire knowledge about measures that prevent stress, especially in girls. The aim of this study was therefore to illuminate adolescent girls' experiences and reflections about what makes everyday life less stressful. An explorative design, qualitative content analysis, was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen 17-year-old girls. The analysis comprised both manifest and latent content and revealed the girls' own experiences of and reflections about what makes everyday life less stressful. Three categories, 'Enjoyment and Recovery', 'Trust' and 'Insight and Influence', and nine subcategories emerged. The latent content of these categories is described by the theme 'access to sources of strength'. It is essential that persons in the girls' surroundings are aware of all sources that provide the strength to resist and prevent stress in everyday life. A climate has to be created in all arenas of the girls' everyday life in which they can access these sources of strength. Utilizing the girls' experiences and views about what needs to be done is the first step towards a preventive and promotive mode of working on their own circumstances and wishes. This approach is consistent with the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, which emphasizes the importance of involving the target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Haraldsson
- Research and Development Unit, General practise and Public Health, Halland County Council, Falkenberg, Sweden.
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46
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Suldo SM, Shaunessy E, Michalowski J, Shaffer EJ. Coping strategies of high school students in an International Baccalaureate program. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.20345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kartalova-O'Doherty Y, Doherty DT. Coping strategies and styles of family carers of persons with enduring mental illness: a mixed methods analysis. Scand J Caring Sci 2008; 22:19-28. [PMID: 18269419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A qualitative exploratory study investigated the experiences and needs of family carers of persons with enduring mental illness in Ireland. The current mixed-methods secondary study used content analysis and statistical procedures to identify and explore the coping strategies emerging from the original interviews. The majority of family carers reported use of active behavioural coping strategies, sometimes combined with active cognitive or avoidance strategies. The percentage of cares reporting use of active cognitive strategies was the lowest among those whose ill relative lived in their home, and the highest among those whose relative lived independently. Participants with identified active cognitive strategies often reported that their relative was employed or in training. Participants who reported use of avoidance strategies were significantly younger than participants who did not report use of such strategies. The lowest percentage of avoidance strategies was among participants whose ill relative lived independently, whereas the highest was among carers whose relative lived in their home. The findings of this study highlight the importance of a contextual approach to studying coping styles and processes. Further research questions and methodological implications are discussed.
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48
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Feagans Gould L, Hussong AM, Keeley ML. The Adolescent Coping Process Interview: measuring temporal and affective components of adolescent responses to peer stress. J Adolesc 2007; 31:641-57. [PMID: 18022684 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The way in which adolescents cope with stressors in their lives has been established as an important correlate of adjustment. While most theoretical models of coping entail unfolding transactions between coping strategies and emotional arousal, the majority of coping measures tap only trait-level coping styles, ignoring both temporal and affective components of the coping process. The current study fills this gap by establishing the psychometric properties of a newly developed measure, the Adolescent Coping Process Interview (ACPI), that is more in line with transactional and developmental models of coping. Results indicate that the ACPI displays good psychometric properties, captures significant intra-individual variability in coping over the process, and points to emotional arousal as informing several coping-adjustment relationships. Moreover, the ACPI and similar approaches may help promote the development of more adaptive patterns of coping in adolescents by helping to identify specific points within the coping process at which to intervene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Feagans Gould
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
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49
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Blount RL, Simons LE, Devine KA, Jaaniste T, Cohen LL, Chambers CT, Hayutin LG. Evidence-based assessment of coping and stress in pediatric psychology. J Pediatr Psychol 2007; 33:1021-45. [PMID: 17938147 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review selected measures of stress and coping in pediatric populations. Stress and coping are presented within a risk and resiliency framework. METHODS The Society of Pediatric Psychology (SPP) surveyed the membership to identify the most frequently used assessment instruments. Twelve measures of coping and three measures of stress were reviewed. These instruments were evaluated using the Stress and Coping workgroup's modification of the criteria developed by the SPP Assessment Task Force (SPP-ATF). RESULTS One of the three measures of stress and five of the 12 measures of coping were Well-established measures that broaden understanding. Additionally, one of the coping measures was categorized as a Well-established measure that guides treatment. Merits of the individual measures are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations for future research are provided, including suggestions for the construction and use of measures to inform treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L Blount
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA.
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50
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Coping with stress across the lifespan: Absolute vs. relative changes in strategy. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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