1
|
Wang Z, Hu Q, Tian C, Wang R, Jiao Q, Chen F, Wu T, Wang J, Zhu Y, Liu A, Zhang W, Li J, Shen H. Prophylactic Effects of n-Acethylcysteine on Inflammation-induced Depression-like Behaviors in Mice. Neuroscience 2024; 549:42-54. [PMID: 38729599 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Depression, affecting individuals worldwide, is a prevalent mental disease, with an increasing incidence. Numerous studies have been conducted on depression, yet its pathogenesis remains elusive. Recent advancements in research indicate that disturbances in synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, and reduced neurotrophic factor expression significantly contribute to depression's pathogenesis. In our study, we utilized adult male C57BL/6J mice. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce both chronic and acute depression-like symptoms in mice, a widely used model for studying depression associated with inflammation. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) exhibits anti-inflammatory and ameliorative effects on depressive symptoms. This study sought to determine whether NAC use could mitigate inflammatory depressive behavior through the enhancement of synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, and increasing levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In this study, we discovered that in mice modeled with depression-like symptoms, the expression levels of dendrites, BDNF, and miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential (mEPSC) in glutamatergic neurons, as well as the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid glutamate receptors (AMPARs) GluA1 and GluA2 subunits, were significantly decreased. These findings suggest an impairment in the synaptic transmission of glutamatergic neurons. Following treatment with NAC, the previously mentioned levels improved, indicating an enhancement in both synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Our results suggest that NAC exerts a protective effect on mouse models of inflammatory depression, potentially through the enhancement of synaptic transmission and plasticity, as well as the restoration of neurotrophic factor expression. These findings offer vital animal experimental evidence supporting NAC's role in mitigating inflammatory depressive behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuan Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Comprehensive Development Service Center, Tianjin Baodi District Health Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruipeng Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyan Jiao
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tongrui Wu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Aili Liu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hui Shen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aono Y, Saito K, Kawashima H, Watanabe A, Kono T, Hashizume-Takizawa T, Okada H, Kosuge Y, Senpuku H, Waddington JL, Saigusa T. Lipopolysaccharides derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis and Escherichia coli: Differential and interactive effects on novelty-induced hyperlocomotion, blood cytokine levels and TLR4-related processes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292830. [PMID: 38857232 PMCID: PMC11164397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall, activates Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) may be involved in the progression of periodontal disease. Mice exposed to a novel environment show hyperlocomotion that is inhibited by systemic administration of LPS derived from Escherichia coli (Ec-LPS). However, whether Pg-LPS influences novelty-induced locomotion is unknown. Accordingly, we carried out an open field test to analyse the effects of Pg-LPS. For comparison, effects of Ec-LPS were also studied. We additionally investigated the influence of systemic administration of Pg-LPS or Ec-LPS on IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 levels in blood, as they could be involved in the changes in locomotion. The TLR4 receptor antagonist TAK-242 was used to study the involvement of TLR4. Since Pg-LPS may block TLR4 in vitro, we analysed the effects of Pg-LPS on Ec-LPS-induced changes in behavioural and biochemical parameters. Male ddY mice were used. Pg- or Ec-LPS and TAK-242 were administered intraperitoneally. Ec-LPS (840 μg/kg), but not Pg-LPS (100, 500 and 840 μg/kg), inhibited novelty-induced locomotion, which was antagonized by TAK-242 (3.0 mg/kg). Ec-LPS (840 μg/kg) increased blood levels of IL-6 and IL-10, which were antagonized by TAK-242 (3.0 mg/kg). However, TAK-242 did not inhibit Ec-LPS-induced increases in TNF-alpha levels in blood. Pg-LPS (100, 500, and 840 μg/kg) did not alter blood IL-6, TNF-alpha, or IL-10 levels. The Ec-LPS-induced increase in blood IL-10, but not IL-6 and TNF-alpha, levels was inhibited by Pg-LPS (500 μg/kg). These results suggest that TLR4 stimulation mediates the inhibition of novel environment-induced locomotion in mice following systemic administration of Ec-LPS, while also increasing blood IL-6 and IL-10 levels. In contrast, Pg-LPS did not exhibit these effects. The present study also provides in vivo evidence that Pg-LPS can inhibit TLR4-mediated increases in blood levels of IL-10, a cytokine thought to prevent the development of periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Aono
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Saito
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Oral Molecular Pharmacology, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arata Watanabe
- Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kono
- Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hashizume-Takizawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kosuge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Pharmacy, Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Senpuku
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - John L. Waddington
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tadashi Saigusa
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Oral Molecular Pharmacology, Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siddiqui F, Gallagher D, Shuster-Hyman H, Lopez L, Gauthier-Fisher A, Librach CL. First trimester human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVC) modulate the kynurenine pathway and glutamate neurotransmission in an LPS-induced mouse model of neuroinflammation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37127610 PMCID: PMC10152638 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Kynurenine Pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation and glutamate toxicity is implicated in several neurological disorders, including depression. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), owing to their well documented phagocytosis-driven mechanism of immunomodulation and neuroprotection, has been tested in many neurological disorders. However, their potential to influence KP and the glutamatergic system has not yet been investigated. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of HUCPVC, a rich and potent source of MSC, on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated KP metabolites, KP enzymes, and key components of glutamate neurotransmission. METHODS The immunomodulatory effect of peripherally administered HUCPVC on the expression profile of kynurenine pathway metabolites and enzymes was assessed in the plasma and brain of mice treated with LPS using LCMS and QPCR. An assessment of the glutamatergic system, including selected receptors, transporters and related proteins was also conducted by QPCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS HUCPVC were found to modulate LPS-induced activation of KP enzymes and metabolites in the brain associated with neurotoxicity. Moreover, the reduced expression of the glutamatergic components due to LPS was also found to be significantly improved by HUCPVC. CONCLUSIONS The immunomodulatory properties of HUCPVC appear to confer neuroprotection, at least in part, through their ability to modulate the KP in the brain. This KP modulation enhances neuroprotective regulators and downregulates neurotoxic consequences, including glutamate neurotoxicity, which is associated with neuroinflammation and depressive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fyyaz Siddiqui
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada.
| | - Denis Gallagher
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada
| | - Hannah Shuster-Hyman
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lianet Lopez
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada
| | | | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, ON, M5G 1N8, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toronto, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tachibana T, Nakatani A, Khan S, Makino R, Cline MA. Effect of lithium chloride on food intake, cloacal temperature, voluntary activity, and crop-emptying rate in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 273:111284. [PMID: 35918017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infections frequently accompany with non-specific symptoms such as anorexia and hyperthermia. In addition, there may be unpleasant sensations such as visceral discomfort during infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a Gram-negative bacteria cell wall component, is known to induce the unpleasant sensation of conditioned taste aversion in mammals. However, the relationship between unpleasant sensations and changes in behavior and physiological conditions has not been investigated extensively in birds. Lithium chloride (LiCl) is a compound that induces unpleasant sensations, including visceral discomfort, although its effects on behavior and physiological conditions have also not been investigated extensively in birds. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of LiCl on conditioned visual aversion, food intake, cloacal temperature, voluntary activity, crop-emptying rate, and blood constituents in chicks (Gallus gallus). We also examined the effect of IP injections of LPS and zymosan, a cell wall component of fungus, on conditioned visual aversion formation. First, IP injection of LiCl was confirmed to induce conditioned visual aversion in chicks. An IP injection of LiCl significantly decreased food intake, voluntary activity, and crop-emptying rate but did not affect the temperature. In addition, the injection of LiCl significantly increased plasma corticosterone concentration, indicating that LiCl serves as a stressor in chicks. Finally, IP injections of LPS and zymosan were found to induce conditioned visual aversion in chicks. Collectively, these results suggest that LiCl induces conditioned aversion, anorexia, hypoactivity, and inhibition of crop-emptying in chicks. In addition, LPS and zymosan would induce unpleasant sensations in chicks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Ai Nakatani
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Sakirul Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Makino
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang E, Kim JY, Yang SH, Lee E, Sun W, Lee HW, Kim H. Three-Dimensional Analysis of Mouse Habenula Subnuclei Reveals Reduced Volume and Gene Expression in the Lipopolysaccharide-mediated Depression Model. Exp Neurobiol 2019; 28:709-719. [PMID: 31902158 PMCID: PMC6946114 DOI: 10.5607/en.2019.28.6.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The habenula (Hb) is small but important brain structure, anatomically and functionally links the forebrain with the midbrain to modulate various neuropsychiatric functions associated with drug addiction and emotion-associated dysfunctions. Several reports suggested that the dysfunction of Hb-related functions affected the Hb structurally and functionally. However, the technical limitation has awaited the solid conclusion of whether Hb change due to depression is likely to occur in certain subnuclei of the Hb. To probe this possibility, we developed 3-dimensional reconstruction methods for the high-resolution volumetric analysis of Hb and the mRNA levels at the given volume in normal or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated mouse model of depression. Notably, we discovered that the volume reduction was prominent in medial Hb but not in lateral Hb after LPS treatments. On the other hand, the RNA expression levels of known Hb regional markers such as Tac1 (dorsal part of medial Hb), ChAT (ventral part of medial Hb), and Tacr1 (medial and lateral Hb) were all decreased in all Hb subnuclei in LPS-injected mice. Accordingly, accurate volumetry with marker labeling was not feasible. Collectively, these established 3D analyses of mouse Hb successfully and precisely determine the volume-based changes of small brain structure, which should be applicable in a wider range of mouse models or pathological specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Yang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eunsoo Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He ABH, Huang CL, Kozłowska A, Chen JC, Wu CW, Huang ACW, Liu YQ. Involvement of neural substrates in reward and aversion to methamphetamine addiction: Testing the reward comparison hypothesis and the paradoxical effect hypothesis of abused drugs. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 166:107090. [PMID: 31521799 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies of drug addiction focus on the reward impact of abused drugs that produces compulsive drug-seeking behavior and drug dependence. However, a small amount of research has examined the opposite effect of aversion to abused drugs to balance the reward effect for drug taking. An aversive behavioral model of abused drugs in terms of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) was challenged by the reward comparison hypothesis (Grigson, 1997). To test the reward comparison hypothesis, the present study examined the rewarding or aversive neural substrates involved in methamphetamine-induced conditioned suppression. The behavioral data showed that methamphetamine induced conditioned suppression on conditioning and reacquisition but extinguished it on extinction. A higher level of stressful aversive corticosterone occurred on conditioning and reacquisition but not extinction. The c-Fos or p-ERK immunohistochemical activity showed that the cingulated cortex area 1 (Cg1), infralimbic cortex (IL), prelimbic cortex (PrL), basolateral amygdala (BLA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus were overexpressed in aversive CTA induced by methamphetamine. These data may indicate that the Cg1, IL, PrL, BLA, NAc, and DG probably mediated the paradoxical effect-reward and aversion. Altogether, our data conflicted with the reward comparison hypothesis, and methamphetamine may simultaneously induce the paradoxical effect of reward and aversion in the brain to support the paradoxical effect hypothesis of abused drugs. The present data implicate some insights for drug addiction in clinical aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bo Han He
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
| | - Chung Lei Huang
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
| | - Anna Kozłowska
- Department of Human Physiology, School Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska Av, 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jun Chien Chen
- Department of Substance Abuse and Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, Taipei 11243, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Wu
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City 20148, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu Qin Liu
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Lin H, Yang N, Wang H, Zhao Y, Li P, Liu J, Wang F. Effects of Platycodins Folium on Depression in Mice Based on a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Serum Assay and Hippocampus Metabolomics. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091712. [PMID: 31052597 PMCID: PMC6540008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as depression, is a state characterized by low mood and aversion to activity. Platycodins Folium (PF) is the dried leaf of Platycodon grandiflorum, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. Our previous research suggested that PF was rich in flavonoids, phenols, organic acids, triterpenoid saponins, coumarins and terpenoids. This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of PF using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive mice. Several behavior tests (sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST)) and biochemical parameters (IL-6, TNF-α and SOD levels) were used to evaluate the antidepressive effect of PF on LPS-induced depression model. Furthermore, a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to explore the latent mechanism of PF in attenuating depression. As a result, a total of 21 and 11 metabolites that potentially contribute to MDD progress and PF treatment were identified in serum and hippocampus, respectively. The analysis of metabolic pathways revealed that lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism and inositol phosphate metabolism were disturbed in a model of mice undergoing MDD and PF treatment. These results help us to understand the pathogenesis of depression in depth, and to discover targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment. They also provide the possibility of developing PF into an anti-depressantive agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuizhu Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Na Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Han Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Francija E, Petrovic Z, Brkic Z, Mitic M, Radulovic J, Adzic M. Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:550-559. [PMID: 30296532 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviour is mediated via NMDA receptor. In this study, we further investigated the role of GluN2 A subunit of NMDA receptor in synaptic processes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of GluN2 A knockout (KO) mice in LPS-induced depressive-like behavior. Our data suggest that LPS-treated mice, lacking GluN2 A subunit, did not exhibit depressive-like behaviour. This was accompanied by unaltered levels of IL-6 and significant changes in neuroplasticity markers and glutamate receptor subunits composition in PFC and hippocampus. In particular, an immune challenge in GluN2 A KO mice resulted in unchanged PSA-NCAM levels and proBDNF increase in both brain structures as well as in increase in BDNF levels in hippocampus. Furthermore, the absence of GluN2 A resulted in increased levels of all NCAM isoforms in PFC upon LPS which was followed with a decrease in GluN1 and GluN2B subunits. The levels of AMPA receptor subunits (GluA1, GluA3, and GluA4) in the hippocampus of GluN2 A mice were unaltered upon the treatment and abundantly present in the PFC of KO mice. These results indicate that the GluN2 A subunit is critical in neuroinflammation-related depression, that its absence abolishes LPS-induced depressive phenotype, sustains PSA-NCAM levels, increases proBDNF signalling in the PFC and hippocampus and potentiates synaptic stabilization through NCAM in the PFC upon an immune challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Francija
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljka Brkic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Mitic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radulovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, The Asher Center of Study and Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Miroslav Adzic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vichaya EG, Dantzer R. Inflammation-induced motivational changes: Perspective gained by evaluating positive and negative valence systems. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2018; 22:90-95. [PMID: 29888301 PMCID: PMC5987547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation can profoundly impact motivated behavior, as is the case with inflammation-induced depression. By evaluating objectively measurable basic neurobehavioral processes involved in motivation, recent research indicates that inflammation generally reduces approach motivation and enhances avoidance motivation. Increased effort valuation largely mediates the effects of inflammation on approach motivation. Changes in reward valuation are not uniformly observed in approach motivation. However, inflammation increases the averseness of negative stimuli. Within the context of both approach and avoidance motivation, inflammation appears to enhance the contrast between concurrently presented stimuli. While changes in both approach and avoidance motivation appear to be mediated by midbrain dopaminergic neurotransmission to the ventral striatum, it is unclear if the enhanced contrast is mediated by the same system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth G. Vichaya
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research,
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 384,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research,
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 384,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nutritive, Post-ingestive Signals Are the Primary Regulators of AgRP Neuron Activity. Cell Rep 2018; 21:2724-2736. [PMID: 29212021 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain regulates food intake by processing sensory cues and peripheral physiological signals, but the neural basis of this integration remains unclear. Hypothalamic, agouti-related protein (AgRP)-expressing neurons are critical regulators of food intake. AgRP neuron activity is high during hunger and is rapidly reduced by the sight and smell of food. Here, we reveal two distinct components of AgRP neuron activity regulation: a rapid but transient sensory-driven signal and a slower, sustained calorie-dependent signal. We discovered that nutrients are necessary and sufficient for sustained reductions in AgRP neuron activity and that activity reductions are proportional to the calories obtained. This change in activity is recapitulated by exogenous administration of gut-derived satiation signals. Furthermore, we showed that the nutritive value of food trains sensory systems-in a single trial-to drive rapid, anticipatory AgRP neuron activity inhibition. Together, these data demonstrate that nutrients are the primary regulators of AgRP neuron activity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Oliveros A, Wininger K, Sens J, Larsson MK, Liu XC, Choi S, Faka A, Schwieler L, Engberg G, Erhardt S, Choi DS. LPS-induced cortical kynurenic acid and neurogranin-NFAT signaling is associated with deficits in stimulus processing during Pavlovian conditioning. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 313:1-9. [PMID: 29153599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) and the post-synaptic calmodulin binding protein neurogranin (Nrgn) have been implicated in neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. This study indicates that systemic dual-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections increases KYNA in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is accompanied with increased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa chain of activated B cells (NFκB) and activation of the nuclear factor of activated T- cells (NFAT). Our results also indicate that dual-LPS increases Nrgn phosphorylation and concomitantly reduces phosphorylation of calmodulin kinase-II (CaMKII). We confirmed that systemic blockade of kynurenine-3 monooxygenase in conjunction with kynurenine administration results in significant increases in Nrgn phosphorylation and a significant reduction of CaMKII phosphorylation in the mPFC. Consequently, dual-LPS administration induced significant impairments in stimulus processing during Pavlovian conditioning. Taken together, our study indicates that elevations in KYNA in the mPFC can directly regulate NMDA-Nrgn-CaMKII signaling, suggesting that neuroinflammatory conditions affecting this pathway may be associated with cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - K Wininger
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - J Sens
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - M K Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - X C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A Faka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nilsson A, Wilhelms DB, Mirrasekhian E, Jaarola M, Blomqvist A, Engblom D. Inflammation-induced anorexia and fever are elicited by distinct prostaglandin dependent mechanisms, whereas conditioned taste aversion is prostaglandin independent. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 61:236-243. [PMID: 27940259 PMCID: PMC5325121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation evokes an array of brain-mediated responses including fever, anorexia and taste aversion. Both fever and anorexia are prostaglandin dependent but it has been unclear if the cell-type that synthesizes the critical prostaglandins is the same. Here we show that pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, but not of COX-1, attenuates inflammation-induced anorexia. Mice with deletions of COX-2 selectively in brain endothelial cells displayed attenuated fever, as demonstrated previously, but intact anorexia in response to peripherally injected lipopolysaccharide (10μg/kg). Whereas intracerebroventricular injection of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor markedly reduced anorexia, deletion of COX-2 selectively in neural cells, in myeloid cells or in both brain endothelial and neural cells had no effect on LPS-induced anorexia. In addition, COX-2 in myeloid and neural cells was dispensable for the fever response. Inflammation-induced conditioned taste aversion did not involve prostaglandin signaling at all. These findings collectively show that anorexia, fever and taste aversion are triggered by distinct routes of immune-to-brain signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nilsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Daniel Björk Wilhelms
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden,Department of Emergency Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elahe Mirrasekhian
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Maarit Jaarola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomqvist
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - David Engblom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Larsson MK, Faka A, Bhat M, Imbeault S, Goiny M, Orhan F, Oliveros A, Ståhl S, Liu XC, Choi DS, Sandberg K, Engberg G, Schwieler L, Erhardt S. Repeated LPS Injection Induces Distinct Changes in the Kynurenine Pathway in Mice. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2243-55. [PMID: 27165635 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immune system has been recognized as a potential contributor to psychiatric disorders. In animals, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is used to induce inflammation and behaviors analogous to some of the symptoms in these disorders. Recent data indicate that the kynurenine pathway contributes to LPS-induced aberrant behaviors. However, data are inconclusive regarding optimal LPS dose and treatment strategy. Here, we therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of single versus repeated administration of LPS on the kynurenine pathway. Adult C57BL6 mice were given 0.83 mg/kg LPS as a single or a repeated injection (LPS + LPS) and sacrificed after 24, 48, 72, or 120 h. Mice receiving LPS + LPS had significantly elevated brain kynurenine levels at 24 and 48 h, and elevated serum kynurenine at 24, 48 and 72 h. Brain kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid were significantly increased at 24 and 48 h in mice receiving LPS + LPS, whereas serum kynurenic acid levels were significantly decreased at 24 h. The increase of brain kynurenic acid by LPS + LPS was likely unrelated to the higher total dose as a separate group of mice receiving 1.66 mg/kg LPS as single injection 24 h prior to sacrifice did not show increased brain kynurenic acid. Serum quinolinic acid levels were not affected by LPS + LPS compared to vehicle. Animals given repeated injections of LPS showed a more robust induction of the kynurenine pathway in contrast to animals receiving a single injection. These results may be valuable in light of data showing the importance of the kynurenine pathway in psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Faka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Bhat
- Protein Biomarkers, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers Laboratories, Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Imbeault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Goiny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Orhan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - S Ståhl
- Translational Science Centre, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers Laboratories, Innovative Medicines, Science for Life Laboratory, AstraZeneca, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - X C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D S Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - K Sandberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Z, Li W, Chen J, Shi H, Zhao M, You H, Rao C, Zhan Y, Yang Y, Xie P. Proteomic analysis reveals energy metabolic dysfunction and neurogenesis in the prefrontal cortex of a lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse model of depression. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:1813-20. [PMID: 26718926 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence from previous studies has suggested an association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and inflammation, and previous studies have associated prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction with MDD. Systemic administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide has been used to study inflammation-associated behavioral changes in rodents. However, proteomic studies investigating PFC protein expression in an LPS-induced mouse model of depression have yet to be conducted. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry, PFC proteomes were comparatively assessed in LPS-induced acute inflammation reaction mice, LPS-induced depressive-like behavior mice (Dep), and control mice. A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins were identified, two of which were selected for western blot analysis, the results of which revealed a significant increase in the expression levels of creatine kinase B and dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 in Dep mice, suggesting that changes in energy metabolism and neuro-genesis occur in the PFC of Dep mice. Further investigation on these processes and on the proteins of the PFC are required in order to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanism underlying MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Wang
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Hongmin You
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Rao
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Yongtao Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang LM, Song W, Cui H, Xing LQ, Du HB, Cui Y, Chen WH, Zhao ZG, Niu CY. Normal mesenteric lymph ameliorates lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced spleen injury. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:604-10. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150090000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Cui
- Hebei North University, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alfaro VY, Goldblatt DL, Valverde GR, Munsell MF, Quinton LJ, Walker AK, Dantzer R, Varadhachary A, Scott BL, Evans SE, Tuvim MJ, Dickey BF. Safety, tolerability, and biomarkers of the treatment of mice with aerosolized Toll-like receptor ligands. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:8. [PMID: 24567720 PMCID: PMC3915096 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously discovered a synergistically therapeutic combination of two Toll-like receptor ligands, an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and Pam2CSK4. Aerosolization of these ligands stimulates innate immunity within the lungs to prevent pneumonia from bacterial and viral pathogens. Here we examined the safety and tolerability of this treatment in mice, and characterized the expression of biomarkers of innate immune activation. We found that neutrophils appeared in lung lavage fluid 4 h after treatment, reached a peak at 48 h, and resolved by 7 days. The peak of neutrophil influx was accompanied by a small increase in lung permeability. Despite the abundance of neutrophils in lung lavage fluid, only rare neutrophils were visible histopathologically in the interstitium surrounding bronchi and veins and none were visible in alveolar airspaces. The cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor, and Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 rose several hundred-fold in lung lavage fluid 4 h after treatment in a dose-dependent and synergistic manner, providing useful biomarkers of lung activation. IL-6 rose fivefold in serum with delayed kinetics compared to its rise in lavage fluid, and might serve as a systemic biomarker of immune activation of the lungs. The dose–response relationship of lavage fluid cytokines was preserved in mice that underwent myeloablative treatment with cytosine arabinoside to model the treatment of hematologic malignancy. There were no overt signs of distress in mice treated with ODN/Pam2CSK4 in doses up to eightfold the therapeutic dose, and no changes in temperature, respiratory rate, or behavioral signs of sickness including sugar water preference, food disappearance, cage exploration or social interaction, though there was a small degree of transient weight loss. We conclude that treatment with aerosolized ODN/Pam2CSK4 is well tolerated in mice, and that innate immune activation of the lungs can be monitored by the measurement of inflammatory cytokines in lung lavage fluid and serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Y Alfaro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - David L Goldblatt
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gabriella R Valverde
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Mark F Munsell
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Lee J Quinton
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA
| | - Adam K Walker
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | | | | | - Scott E Evans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Michael J Tuvim
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Burton F Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Unit 1462, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Walker AK, Budac DP, Bisulco S, Lee AW, Smith RA, Beenders B, Kelley KW, Dantzer R. NMDA receptor blockade by ketamine abrogates lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior in C57BL/6J mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:1609-16. [PMID: 23511700 PMCID: PMC3717543 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces depressive-like behavior by activating indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO; O'Connor et al, 2009c). IDO degrades tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Using mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of kynurenine metabolites in the brain of mice injected at the periphery with 1 mg/kg LPS, we show that LPS activates the kynurenine 3-monooxygenase pathway that ultimately degrades kynurenine into quinolinic acid. As quinolinic acid acts as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist, we used the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine to assess the role of NMDA receptor activation in LPS-induced depressive-like behavior. Here, we report that a low dose of ketamine (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) immediately before administration of LPS (0.83 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) in C57Bl/6 J mice abrogated the development of LPS-induced depressive-like behavior, without altering LPS-induced sickness measured by body weight loss, decreased motor activity, and reduced food intake. Depressive-like behavior was measured 24 h after LPS by decreased sucrose preference and increased immobility in the forced swim test (FST). Ketamine had no effect on LPS-induced cytokine expression in the liver and brain, IDO activation, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcripts. The ability of ketamine to abrogate LPS-induced depressive-like behavior independently of a possible interference with LPS-induced inflammatory signaling was confirmed when ketamine was administered 10 h after LPS instead of immediately before LPS. In contrast, ketamine had no effect when administered 24 h before LPS. To confirm that NMDA receptor antagonism by ketamine mediates the antidepressant-like activity of this compound in LPS-treated mice, mice were pretreated with the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)quinoxaline-2,3-dione (NBQX) to block enhanced AMPA receptor glutamatergic neurotransmission after NMDA receptor antagonism by ketamine. NBQX administered at the dose of 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally 15 min before ketamine in mice treated with LPS 24 h earlier restored LPS-induced decreased sucrose preference. These findings indicate that LPS-induced depressive-like behavior is mediated by NMDA receptor activation, probably as a consequence of formation of quinolinic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Walker
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David P Budac
- Department of Bioanalysis and Physiology, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Stephanie Bisulco
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Anna W Lee
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Robin A Smith
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Brent Beenders
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Keith W Kelley
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, Department of Animal Sciences and Department of Medical Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Road Unit 1450, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Tel: +1 713 563 4793, Fax: +1 713 745 3475, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kubera M, Curzytek K, Duda W, Leskiewicz M, Basta-Kaim A, Budziszewska B, Roman A, Zajicova A, Holan V, Szczesny E, Lason W, Maes M. A new animal model of (chronic) depression induced by repeated and intermittent lipopolysaccharide administration for 4 months. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 31:96-104. [PMID: 23313516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic activation of immune-inflammatory and oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways plays an important role in the pathophysiology of clinical depression. Increased IgA responses directed against LPS of gram-negative bacteria, indicating increased bacterial translocation, may be one of the drivers underpinning these pathways. There is a strong association between signs of bacterial translocation and chronicity of depression and O&NS, but not pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aims of the present study were to: (1) develop a new neurobehavioral model of (chronic) depression (anhedonic behavior) that may reflect chronic LPS stimulation and is associated with increased oxidative stress, and (2) to delineate the effects of fluoxetine on this new depression model. We established that in female mice repeated LPS injections once daily for 5 days (from 750 μg/kg to a maximal dose 1250 μg/kg; increasing doses for the first three days which were then gradually decreased on day 4 and 5) at a one-month interval and this repeated for 4 consecutive months induced chronic anhedonia (estimated by the preference to drink a 1% sucrose) lasting for at least 7 weeks. Chronic LPS administration significantly decreased thymus weight, proliferative activity of splenocytes, production of interferon (IFN)γ and interleukin-(IL)10, and increased superoxide and corticosterone production. Treatment with fluoxetine for 3 weeks abolished the neurobehavioral effects of LPS. The antidepressant effect of fluoxetine was accompanied by increased production of IL-10 and reduced superoxide and corticosterone production. Our results suggest that repeated intermittent LPS injections to female mice may be a useful model of chronic depression and in particular for the depressogenic effects of long standing activation of the toll-like receptor IV complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kubera
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Science, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hao K, Qi Q, Hao H, Wang G, Chen Y, Liang Y, Xie L. The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of azithromycin for lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54981. [PMID: 23358536 PMCID: PMC3554664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A mechanism-based model was developed to describe the time course of lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior and azithromycin pharmacodynamics in mice. The lipopolysaccharide-induced disease progression was monitored by lipopolysaccharide, proinflammatory cytokines, and kynrenine concentration in plasma. The depressive-like behavior was investigated by forced swimming test and tail suspension test. Azithromycin was selected to inhibit the surge of proinflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide. Disease progression model and azithromycin pharmacodynamics were constructed from transduction and indirect response models. A delay in the onset of increased proinflammatory cytokines, kynrenine, and behavior test compared to lipopolysaccharide was successfully characterized by series transduction models. The inhibition of azithromycin on proinflammatory cytokines was described by an indirect response model. After lipopolysaccharide challenging, the proinflammatory cytokines, kynrenine and behavior tests would peak approximately at 3, 12, and 24 h respectively, and then the time courses slowly declined toward a baseline state after peak response. During azithromycin administration, the peak levels of proinflammatory cytokines, kynrenine and behavior indexes decreased. Model parameters indicated that azithromycin significantly inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines level in plasma and improved the depressive-like behavior induced by inflammation. The integrated model for disease progression and drug intervention captures turnovers of proinflammatory cytokines, kynrenine and the behavior results in the different time phases and conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuancheng Chen
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan Univeristy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Grigoleit JS, Kullmann JS, Winkelhaus A, Engler H, Wegner A, Hammes F, Oberbeck R, Schedlowski M. Single-trial conditioning in a human taste-endotoxin paradigm induces conditioned odor aversion but not cytokine responses. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:234-8. [PMID: 21925260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunological responses to bacterial endotoxin can be behaviorally conditioned in rodents. However, it is unclear whether an acute systemic inflammatory response can be behaviorally conditioned in humans. Thus, in a double-blind placebo-controlled study, 20 healthy, male subjects received either a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline together with a novel tasting beverage (conditioned stimulus, CS). Five days later, all subjects received a saline injection and were re-exposed to the CS. Blood was drawn prior to as well as 0.5, 1.5, 3, 4, 6, and 24 h after LPS administration or CS re-exposure. Endotoxin administration led to transient increases in plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and to a significant rise in body temperature. Sole presentation of the CS during evocation did induce neither alterations in body temperature nor changes in plasma cytokine levels. However, subjects in the experimental group rated the smell of the CS significantly more aversive compared to the control group. Employing endotoxin as a US in a single trial taste-immune conditioning paradigm in humans shows a behaviorally conditioned smell aversion but no learned alterations in cytokine levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Sebastian Grigoleit
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Backward conditioning of tumor necrosis factor-α in a single trial: Changing intervals between exposures to lipopolysaccharide and saccharin taste. Physiol Behav 2011; 102:239-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
22
|
Painsipp E, Herzog H, Holzer P. Evidence from knockout mice that neuropeptide-Y Y2 and Y4 receptor signalling prevents long-term depression-like behaviour caused by immune challenge. J Psychopharmacol 2010; 24:1551-60. [PMID: 19939871 PMCID: PMC4359896 DOI: 10.1177/0269881109348171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y participates in the acute behavioural responses to immune challenge, since Y2 receptor knockout (Y2⁻/⁻) mice are particularly sensitive to the short-term anxiogenic-like effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The present exploratory study addressed the involvement of Y2 and Y4 receptors in the long-term behavioural responses to immune challenge. A single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (0.83 mg/kg) to control mice did not affect open field behaviour 3 h post-treatment but enhanced anxiety-like behaviour in Y2⁻/⁻ as well as Y4⁻/⁻ mice. Four weeks post-treatment this behavioural effect of lipopolysaccharide persisted in Y4⁻/⁻ mice but had gone in Y2⁻/⁻ mice. Depression-related behaviour in the forced swim test was enhanced 1 day post-lipopolysaccharide in control and Y2⁻/⁻ mice, but not in Y4⁻/⁻ mice. Four weeks post-treatment, the depressogenic-like effect of lipopolysaccharide had waned in control mice, persisted in Y2⁻/⁻ mice and was first observed in Y4⁻/⁻ mice. In summary, knockout of Y2 and/or Y4 receptors unmasks the ability of a single lipopolysaccharide injection to cause a delayed and prolonged increase in anxiety- and/or depression-like behaviour. These findings suggest that neuropeptide Y acting via Y2 and Y4 receptors prevents the development of long-term anxiety- and depression-like behaviour caused by acute immune challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Painsipp
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neurobiology Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Holzer
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior is mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activation in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2009; 14:511-22. [PMID: 18195714 PMCID: PMC2683474 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 932] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although elevated activity of the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been proposed to mediate comorbid depression in inflammatory disorders, its causative role has never been tested. We report that peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates IDO and culminates in a distinct depressive-like behavioral syndrome, measured by increased duration of immobility in both the forced-swim and tail suspension tests. Blockade of IDO activation either indirectly with the anti-inflammatory tetracycline derivative minocycline, that attenuates LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, or directly with the IDO antagonist 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT), prevents development of depressive-like behavior. Both minocycline and 1-MT normalize the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in the plasma and brain of LPS-treated mice without changing the LPS-induced increase in turnover of brain serotonin. Administration of L-kynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan that is generated by IDO, to naive mice dose dependently induces depressive-like behavior. These results implicate IDO as a critical molecular mediator of inflammation-induced depressive-like behavior, probably through the catabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway.
Collapse
|
24
|
Painsipp E, Herzog H, Holzer P. Implication of neuropeptide-Y Y2 receptors in the effects of immune stress on emotional, locomotor and social behavior of mice. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55:117-26. [PMID: 18508096 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 04/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in the regulation of emotional behavior, and there is indirect evidence for a role of NPY in the cerebral responses to peripheral immune challenge. Since the NPY receptors involved in these reactions are not known, we investigated the effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on emotional, locomotor and social behavior, body temperature and circulating corticosterone in female Y2 (Y2-/-) and Y4 (Y4-/-) receptor knockout mice. LPS (0.1mg/kg injected IP 2.5h before testing) increased rectal temperature in control and Y4-/- mice to a larger degree than in Y2-/- animals. Both Y2-/- and Y4-/- mice exhibited reduced anxiety-related and depression-like behavior in the open field, elevated plus-maze and tail suspension test, respectively. While depression-like behavior was not changed by LPS, anxiety-related behavior was enhanced by LPS in Y2-/-, but not control and Y4-/- animals. Y2-/- mice were also particularly susceptible to the effect of LPS to attenuate locomotor behavior and social interaction with another mouse. The corticosterone response to LPS was blunted in Y2-/- mice which presented elevated levels of circulating corticosterone following vehicle treatment. These data show that Y2-/- mice are particularly sensitive to the effects of LPS-evoked immune stress to attenuate locomotion and social interaction and to increase anxiety-like behavior, while the LPS-induced rise of temperature and circulating corticosterone is suppressed by Y2 receptor knockout. Our observations attest to an important role of endogenous NPY acting via Y2 receptors in the cerebral response to peripheral immune challenge.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Corticosterone/blood
- Exploratory Behavior/drug effects
- Exploratory Behavior/physiology
- Female
- Fever/etiology
- Immobility Response, Tonic/drug effects
- Immobility Response, Tonic/physiology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Locomotion/physiology
- Maze Learning/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/deficiency
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/physiology
- Social Behavior
- Stress, Psychological/blood
- Stress, Psychological/chemically induced
- Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Painsipp
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Frenois F, Moreau M, Connor JO, Lawson M, Micon C, Lestage J, Kelley KW, Dantzer R, Castanon N. Lipopolysaccharide induces delayed FosB/DeltaFosB immunostaining within the mouse extended amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus, that parallel the expression of depressive-like behavior. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32:516-31. [PMID: 17482371 PMCID: PMC1978247 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines induce both sickness behavior and depression, but their respective neurobiological correlates are still poorly understood. The aim of the present study was therefore to identify in mice the neural substrates of sickness and depressive-like behavior induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 830 microg/kg, intraperitoneal). LPS-induced depressive-like behavior was dissociated from LPS-induced sickness by testing mice either at 6 h (at which time sickness was expected to be maximal) or at 24 h post-LPS (at which time sickness was expected to be minimal and not to bias the measurement of depressive-like behavior). Concurrently, the expression of acute and chronic cellular reactivity markers (c-Fos and FosB/DeltaFosB, respectively) was mapped by immunohistochemistry at these two time points. In comparison to saline, LPS decreased motor activity in a new cage at 6 h but not at 24 h. In contrast, the duration of immobility in the tail suspension test was increased at both 6 and 24 h. This dissociation between decreased motor activity and depressive-like behavior was confirmed at 24 h post-LPS in the forced swim test. LPS also decreased sucrose consumption at 24 and 48 h, despite normal food and water consumption by that time. At 24 h post-LPS, LPS-induced depressive-like behavior was associated with a delayed cellular activity (as assessed by FosB/DeltaFosB immunostaining) in specific brain structures, particularly within the extended amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus, whereas c-Fos labeling was markedly decreased by that time in all the brain areas at 6 h post-LPS. These results provide the first evidence in favor of a functional dissociation between the brain structures that underlie cytokine-induced sickness behavior and cytokine-induced depressive-like behavior, and provide important cues about the neuroanatomical brain circuits through which cytokines could have an impact on affect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Frenois
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Maïté Moreau
- INRA UMR 1244 – CNRS FRE 2723 “Neurobiologie Intégrative”, INSERM Institut François Magendie, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux cedex France
| | - Jason O’ Connor
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Marc Lawson
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Charlotte Micon
- INRA UMR 1244 – CNRS FRE 2723 “Neurobiologie Intégrative”, INSERM Institut François Magendie, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux cedex France
| | - Jacques Lestage
- INRA UMR 1244 – CNRS FRE 2723 “Neurobiologie Intégrative”, INSERM Institut François Magendie, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux cedex France
| | - Keith W. Kelley
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nathalie Castanon
- INRA UMR 1244 – CNRS FRE 2723 “Neurobiologie Intégrative”, INSERM Institut François Magendie, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux cedex France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pacheco-López G, Niemi MB, Kou W, Baum S, Hoffman M, Altenburger P, del Rey A, Besedovsky HO, Schedlowski M. Central blockade of IL-1 does not impair taste-LPS associative learning. Neuroimmunomodulation 2007; 14:150-6. [PMID: 18073507 DOI: 10.1159/000110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
After saccharin intake is associated with the consequences of peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, rats develop a strong conditioned avoidance behavior against this gustatory stimulus. To investigate the role of central interleukin-1 (IL-1) as a key signal during taste-LPS engram formation, rats were chronically infused with IL-1 receptor antagonist into the lateral ventricle of the brain before, during and after a single association trial. The results indicate that a stable taste-LPS engram can be formed even under the chronic blockade of central IL-1 signaling during engram formation and consolidation. More importantly, our data show that animals which did not experience a fever response during association phase (due to the LPS encounter) were unable to elicit hyperthermia as part of the conditioned response. These data indicate that pairing a relevant taste stimulus with an immune challenge, such as LPS, might result in the formation of multiple engrams, specifically codifying independent information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pacheco-López
- Chair of Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Institute for Behavioral Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Goebel MU, Hübell D, Kou W, Janssen OE, Katsarava Z, Limmroth V, Schedlowski M. Behavioral conditioning with interferon beta-1a in humans. Physiol Behav 2005; 84:807-14. [PMID: 15885259 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2004] [Revised: 01/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral conditioning is one of the most impressive demonstrations of brain-immune system interaction. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated behavioral conditioned effects on immune functions, however, human studies are rare. We investigated whether it is possible to behaviorally condition the acute response to interferon (IFN)beta-1a. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, 30 healthy subjects received a single injection of IFN(beta)-1a (6MIU of REBIF, Serono International) (unconditioned stimulus, UCS) together with a novel drink (conditioned stimulus, CS). Blood was drawn at baseline, 4, 8, and 24 h after drug administration. Within the first 8 h peripheral granulocytes significantly increased, while monocytes, lymphocytes, T-, B- and natural killer (NK) cell numbers were significantly reduced. In parallel, body temperature, heart rate, norepinephrine and interleukin (IL)-6 plasma levels were heightened within 8 h after injection. 8 days later, all previously IFN(beta)-treated subjects received a subcutaneous placebo (NaCl) injection, but only 15 subjects were re-exposed to the CS (experimental group), while a control group (N=15) drank water and an additional group of subjects (n=8) remained untreated (untreated group). Blood sampling was performed at baseline and at 4, 8, and 24 h. Re-exposition to the CS did not elicit conditioned responses in the experimental group. Moreover, no differences were observed between groups. These data provide negative findings regarding behavioral conditioning of cytokine effects in humans employing a one-trial learning paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion U Goebel
- Department of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|