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Baum ML, Wilton DK, Fox RG, Carey A, Hsu YHH, Hu R, Jäntti HJ, Fahey JB, Muthukumar AK, Salla N, Crotty W, Scott-Hewitt N, Bien E, Sabatini DA, Lanser TB, Frouin A, Gergits F, Håvik B, Gialeli C, Nacu E, Lage K, Blom AM, Eggan K, McCarroll SA, Johnson MB, Stevens B. CSMD1 regulates brain complement activity and circuit development. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:317-332. [PMID: 38552925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Complement proteins facilitate synaptic elimination during neurodevelopmental pruning, but neural complement regulation is not well understood. CUB and Sushi Multiple Domains 1 (CSMD1) can regulate complement activity in vitro, is expressed in the brain, and is associated with increased schizophrenia risk. Beyond this, little is known about CSMD1 including whether it regulates complement activity in the brain or otherwise plays a role in neurodevelopment. We used biochemical, immunohistochemical, and proteomic techniques to examine the regional, cellular, and subcellular distribution as well as protein interactions of CSMD1 in the brain. To evaluate whether CSMD1 is involved in complement-mediated synapse elimination, we examined Csmd1-knockout mice and CSMD1-knockout human stem cell-derived neurons. We interrogated synapse and circuit development of the mouse visual thalamus, a process that involves complement pathway activity. We also quantified complement deposition on synapses in mouse visual thalamus and on cultured human neurons. Finally, we assessed uptake of synaptosomes by cultured microglia. We found that CSMD1 is present at synapses and interacts with complement proteins in the brain. Mice lacking Csmd1 displayed increased levels of complement component C3, an increased colocalization of C3 with presynaptic terminals, fewer retinogeniculate synapses, and aberrant segregation of eye-specific retinal inputs to the visual thalamus during the critical period of complement-dependent refinement of this circuit. Loss of CSMD1 in vivo enhanced synaptosome engulfment by microglia in vitro, and this effect was dependent on activity of the microglial complement receptor, CR3. Finally, human stem cell-derived neurons lacking CSMD1 were more vulnerable to complement deposition. These data suggest that CSMD1 can function as a regulator of complement-mediated synapse elimination in the brain during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Baum
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; MD-PhD Program of Harvard & MIT, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel K Wilton
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rachel G Fox
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alanna Carey
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yu-Han H Hsu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ruilong Hu
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Henna J Jäntti
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jaclyn B Fahey
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allie K Muthukumar
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nikkita Salla
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William Crotty
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nicole Scott-Hewitt
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bien
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Sabatini
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Toby B Lanser
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arnaud Frouin
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frederick Gergits
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Chrysostomi Gialeli
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, S-214 28 Malmö, Sweden; Cardiovascular Research - Translational Studies Research Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, S-214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eugene Nacu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kasper Lage
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anna M Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, S-214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kevin Eggan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Steven A McCarroll
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matthew B Johnson
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Beth Stevens
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA.
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2
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Liu ZY, Tang F, Yang JZ, Chen X, Wang ZF, Li ZQ. The Role of Beta2-Microglobulin in Central Nervous System Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:46. [PMID: 38743119 PMCID: PMC11093819 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, and impose a substantial economic burden on society. In recent years, emerging evidence has found that beta2 -microglobulin (B2M), a subunit of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, plays a crucial role in the development and progression in certain CNS diseases. On the one hand, intracellular B2M was abnormally upregulated in brain tumors and regulated tumor microenvironments and progression. On the other hand, soluble B2M was also elevated and involved in pathological stages in CNS diseases. Targeted B2M therapy has shown promising outcomes in specific CNS diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary and discussion of recent advances in understanding the pathological processes involving B2M in CNS diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, aging, stroke, HIV-related dementia, glioma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yuan Liu
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Yang
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Brain Glioma Center & Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Hacisuleyman E, Hale CR, Noble N, Luo JD, Fak JJ, Saito M, Chen J, Weissman JS, Darnell RB. Neuronal activity rapidly reprograms dendritic translation via eIF4G2:uORF binding. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:822-835. [PMID: 38589584 PMCID: PMC11088998 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Learning and memory require activity-induced changes in dendritic translation, but which mRNAs are involved and how they are regulated are unclear. In this study, to monitor how depolarization impacts local dendritic biology, we employed a dendritically targeted proximity labeling approach followed by crosslinking immunoprecipitation, ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry. Depolarization of primary cortical neurons with KCl or the glutamate agonist DHPG caused rapid reprogramming of dendritic protein expression, where changes in dendritic mRNAs and proteins are weakly correlated. For a subset of pre-localized messages, depolarization increased the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) and their downstream coding sequences, enabling localized production of proteins involved in long-term potentiation, cell signaling and energy metabolism. This activity-dependent translation was accompanied by the phosphorylation and recruitment of the non-canonical translation initiation factor eIF4G2, and the translated uORFs were sufficient to confer depolarization-induced, eIF4G2-dependent translational control. These studies uncovered an unanticipated mechanism by which activity-dependent uORF translational control by eIF4G2 couples activity to local dendritic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Hacisuleyman
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Caryn R Hale
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Noble
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John J Fak
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Misa Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Robert B Darnell
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Ferro A, Arshad A, Boyd L, Stanley T, Berisha A, Vrudhula U, Gomez AM, Borniger JC, Cheadle L. The cytokine receptor Fn14 is a molecular brake on neuronal activity that mediates circadian function in vivo. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.02.587786. [PMID: 38617238 PMCID: PMC11014623 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To survive, organisms must adapt to a staggering diversity of environmental signals, ranging from sensory information to pathogenic infection, across the lifespan. At the same time, organisms intrinsically generate biological oscillations, such as circadian rhythms, without input from the environment. While the nervous system is well-suited to integrate extrinsic and intrinsic cues, how the brain balances these influences to shape biological function system-wide is not well understood at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate that the cytokine receptor Fn14, previously identified as a mediator of sensory experience-dependent synaptic refinement during brain development, regulates neuronal activity and function in adult mice in a time-of-day-dependent manner. We show that a subset of excitatory pyramidal (PYR) neurons in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus increase Fn14 expression when neuronal activity is heightened. Once expressed, Fn14 constrains the activity of these same PYR neurons, suggesting that Fn14 operates as a molecular brake on neuronal activity. Strikingly, differences in PYR neuron activity between mice lacking or expressing Fn14 were most robust at daily transitions between light and dark, and genetic ablation of Fn14 caused aberrations in circadian rhythms, sleep-wake states, and sensory-cued and spatial memory. At the cellular level, microglia contacted fewer, but larger, excitatory synapses in CA1 in the absence of Fn14, suggesting that these brain-resident immune cells may dampen neuronal activity by modifying synaptic inputs onto PYR neurons. Finally, mice lacking Fn14 exhibited heightened susceptibility to chemically induced seizures, implicating Fn14 in disorders characterized by hyperexcitation, such as epilepsy. Altogether, these findings reveal that cytokine receptors that mediates inflammation in the periphery, such as Fn14, can also play major roles in healthy neurological function in the adult brain downstream of both extrinsic and intrinsic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Ferro
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Anosha Arshad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Leah Boyd
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Tess Stanley
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Uma Vrudhula
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian M. Gomez
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11740, USA
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5
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Sell GL, Barrow SL, McAllister AK. Glutamate signaling and neuroligin/neurexin adhesion play opposing roles that are mediated by major histocompatibility complex I molecules in cortical synapse formation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583626. [PMID: 38496590 PMCID: PMC10942384 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Although neurons release neurotransmitter before contact, the role for this release in synapse formation remains unclear. Cortical synapses do not require synaptic vesicle release for formation 1-4 , yet glutamate clearly regulates glutamate receptor trafficking 5,6 and induces spine formation 7-11 . Using a culture system to dissect molecular mechanisms, we found that glutamate rapidly decreases synapse density specifically in young cortical neurons in a local and calcium-dependent manner through decreasing NMDAR transport and surface expression as well as co-transport with neuroligin (NL1). Adhesion between NL1 and neurexin 1 protects against this glutamate-induced synapse loss. Major histocompatibility I (MHCI) molecules are required for the effects of glutamate in causing synapse loss through negatively regulating NL1 levels. Thus, like acetylcholine at the NMJ, glutamate acts as a dispersal signal for NMDARs and causes rapid synapse loss unless opposed by NL1-mediated trans-synaptic adhesion. Together, glutamate, MHCI and NL1 mediate a novel form of homeostatic plasticity in young neurons that induces rapid changes in NMDARs to regulate when and where nascent glutamatergic synapses are formed.
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6
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Djurišić M. Immune receptors and aging brain. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20222267. [PMID: 38299364 PMCID: PMC10866841 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20222267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging brings about a myriad of degenerative processes throughout the body. A decrease in cognitive abilities is one of the hallmark phenotypes of aging, underpinned by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration occurring in the brain. This review focuses on the role of different immune receptors expressed in cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems. We will discuss how immune receptors in the brain act as sentinels and effectors of the age-dependent shift in ligand composition. Within this 'old-age-ligand soup,' some immune receptors contribute directly to excessive synaptic weakening from within the neuronal compartment, while others amplify the damaging inflammatory environment in the brain. Ultimately, chronic inflammation sets up a positive feedback loop that increases the impact of immune ligand-receptor interactions in the brain, leading to permanent synaptic and neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Djurišić
- Departments of Biology, Neurobiology, and Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A
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7
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Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w. [PMID: 38372958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD) is a secosteroid hormone and shows a pleiotropic effect in brain-related disorders where it regulates redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, and growth factor synthesis. Vitamin D3's active metabolic form, 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is a known regulator of several genes involved in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotropism, and neuroinflammation. Multiple studies suggest that VD deficiency can be proposed as a risk factor for the development of several age-related neurological disorders. The evidence for low serum levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 or calcidiol), the major circulating form of VD, is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), dementia, and cognitive impairment. Despite decades of evidence on low VD association with neurological disorders, the precise molecular mechanism behind its beneficial effect remains controversial. Here, we will be delving into the neurobiological importance of VD and discuss its benefits in different neuropsychiatric disorders. The focus will be on AD, PD, and HD as they share some common clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features. The central focus will be on the different attributes of VD in the aspect of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cholinesterase activity, and psychotropic effect in different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Skv
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omalur Eshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Golla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program, The Research Instituteof the, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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8
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Leister H, Krause FF, Gil B, Prus R, Prus I, Hellhund-Zingel A, Mitra M, Da Rosa Gerbatin R, Delanty N, Beausang A, Brett FM, Farrell MA, Cryan J, O’Brien DF, Henshall DC, Helmprobst F, Pagenstecher A, Steinhoff U, Visekruna A, Engel T. Immunoproteasome deficiency results in age-dependent development of epilepsy. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae017. [PMID: 38317856 PMCID: PMC10839634 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunoproteasome is a central protease complex required for optimal antigen presentation. Immunoproteasome activity is also associated with facilitating the degradation of misfolded and oxidized proteins, which prevents cellular stress. While extensively studied during diseases with increasing evidence suggesting a role for the immunoproteasome during pathological conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, this enzyme complex is believed to be mainly not expressed in the healthy brain. In this study, we show an age-dependent increase in polyubiquitination in the brains of wild-type mice, accompanied by an induction of immunoproteasomes, which was most prominent in neurons and microglia. In contrast, mice completely lacking immunoproteasomes (triple-knockout mice), displayed a strong increase in polyubiquitinated proteins already in the young brain and developed spontaneous epileptic seizures, beginning at the age of 6 months. Injections of kainic acid led to high epilepsy-related mortality of aged triple-knockout mice, confirming increased pathological hyperexcitability states. Notably, the expression of the immunoproteasome was reduced in the brains of patients suffering from epilepsy. In addition, the aged triple-knockout mice showed increased anxiety, tau hyperphosphorylation and degeneration of Purkinje cell population with the resulting ataxic symptoms and locomotion alterations. Collectively, our study suggests a critical role for the immunoproteasome in the maintenance of a healthy brain during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Leister
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix F Krause
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Beatriz Gil
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruslan Prus
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Inna Prus
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Hellhund-Zingel
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Meghma Mitra
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rogerio Da Rosa Gerbatin
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Norman Delanty
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Beausang
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesca M Brett
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael A Farrell
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane Cryan
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donncha F O’Brien
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, D09V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frederik Helmprobst
- Institute of Neuropathology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility for Mouse Pathology and Electron Microscopy, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Axel Pagenstecher
- Institute of Neuropathology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility for Mouse Pathology and Electron Microscopy, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinhoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Huang Z. Evidence that Alzheimer's Disease Is a Disease of Competitive Synaptic Plasticity Gone Awry. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:447-470. [PMID: 38669548 PMCID: PMC11119021 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that a physiological function of amyloid-β (Aβ) is to mediate neural activity-dependent homeostatic and competitive synaptic plasticity in the brain. I have previously summarized the lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis and highlighted the similarities between Aβ and anti-microbial peptides in mediating cell/synapse competition. In cell competition, anti-microbial peptides deploy a multitude of mechanisms to ensure both self-protection and competitor elimination. Here I review recent studies showing that similar mechanisms are at play in Aβ-mediated synapse competition and perturbations in these mechanisms underpin Alzheimer's disease (AD). Specifically, I discuss evidence that Aβ and ApoE, two crucial players in AD, co-operate in the regulation of synapse competition. Glial ApoE promotes self-protection by increasing the production of trophic monomeric Aβ and inhibiting its assembly into toxic oligomers. Conversely, Aβ oligomers, once assembled, promote the elimination of competitor synapses via direct toxic activity and amplification of "eat-me" signals promoting the elimination of weak synapses. I further summarize evidence that neuronal ApoE may be part of a gene regulatory network that normally promotes competitive plasticity, explaining the selective vulnerability of ApoE expressing neurons in AD brains. Lastly, I discuss evidence that sleep may be key to Aβ-orchestrated plasticity, in which sleep is not only induced by Aβ but is also required for Aβ-mediated plasticity, underlining the link between sleep and AD. Together, these results strongly argue that AD is a disease of competitive synaptic plasticity gone awry, a novel perspective that may promote AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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10
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Clarkson BD, Grund EM, Standiford MM, Mirchia K, Westphal MS, Muschler LS, Howe CL. CD8+ T cells recognizing a neuron-restricted antigen injure axons in a model of multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e162788. [PMID: 37676734 PMCID: PMC10617772 DOI: 10.1172/jci162788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells outnumber CD4+ cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions associated with disease progression, but the pathogenic role and antigenic targets of these clonally expanded effectors are unknown. Based on evidence that demyelination is necessary but not sufficient for disease progression in MS, we previously hypothesized that CNS-infiltrating CD8+ T cells specific for neuronal antigens directly drive the axonal and neuronal injury that leads to cumulative neurologic disability in patients with MS. We now show that demyelination induced expression of MHC class I on neurons and axons and resulted in presentation of a neuron-specific neoantigen (synapsin promoter-driven chicken ovalbumin) to antigen-specific CD8+ T cells (anti-ovalbumin OT-I TCR-transgenic T cells). These neuroantigen-specific effectors surveilled the CNS in the absence of demyelination but were not retained. However, upon induction of demyelination via cuprizone intoxication, neuroantigen-specific CD8+ T cells proliferated, accumulated in the CNS, and damaged neoantigen-expressing neurons and axons. We further report elevated neuronal expression of MHC class I and β2-microglobulin transcripts and protein in gray matter and white matter tracts in tissue from patients with MS. These findings support a pathogenic role for autoreactive anti-axonal and anti-neuronal CD8+ T cells in MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D.S. Clarkson
- Department of Neurology
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles L. Howe
- Department of Neurology
- Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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11
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Kellogg CM, Pham K, Machalinski AH, Porter HL, Blankenship HE, Tooley KB, Stout MB, Rice HC, Sharpe AL, Beckstead MJ, Chucair-Elliott AJ, Ocañas SR, Freeman WM. Microglial MHC-I induction with aging and Alzheimer's is conserved in mouse models and humans. GeroScience 2023; 45:3019-3043. [PMID: 37393197 PMCID: PMC10643718 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) CNS cellular localization and function is still being determined after previously being thought to be absent from the brain. MHC-I expression has been reported to increase with brain aging in mouse, rat, and human whole tissue analyses, but the cellular localization was undetermined. Neuronal MHC-I is proposed to regulate developmental synapse elimination and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we report that across newly generated and publicly available ribosomal profiling, cell sorting, and single-cell data, microglia are the primary source of classical and non-classical MHC-I in mice and humans. Translating ribosome affinity purification-qPCR analysis of 3-6- and 18-22-month-old (m.o.) mice revealed significant age-related microglial induction of MHC-I pathway genes B2m, H2-D1, H2-K1, H2-M3, H2-Q6, and Tap1 but not in astrocytes and neurons. Across a timecourse (12-23 m.o.), microglial MHC-I gradually increased until 21 m.o. and then accelerated. MHC-I protein was enriched in microglia and increased with aging. Microglial expression, and absence in astrocytes and neurons, of MHC-I-binding leukocyte immunoglobulin-like (Lilrs) and paired immunoglobin-like type 2 (Pilrs) receptor families could enable cell -autonomous MHC-I signaling and increased with aging in mice and humans. Increased microglial MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs were observed in multiple AD mouse models and human AD data across methods and studies. MHC-I expression correlated with p16INK4A, suggesting an association with cellular senescence. Conserved induction of MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs with aging and AD opens the possibility of cell-autonomous MHC-I signaling to regulate microglial reactivation with aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collyn M Kellogg
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kevin Pham
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adeline H Machalinski
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Hunter L Porter
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Harris E Blankenship
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kyla B Tooley
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael B Stout
- Aging and Metabolism Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Heather C Rice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Amanda L Sharpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael J Beckstead
- Aging and Metabolism Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ana J Chucair-Elliott
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sarah R Ocañas
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13Th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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12
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Kim MS, Cho K, Cho MH, Kim NY, Kim K, Kim DH, Yoon SY. Neuronal MHC-I complex is destabilized by amyloid-β and its implications in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:181. [PMID: 37773139 PMCID: PMC10540404 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The expression of major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) in neurons has recently been shown to regulate neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity. However, its contribution to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we investigated the relationship between impaired MHC-I-β2M complex and AD in vitro and human AD samples. Interaction between protein was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and confirmed by immunoprecipitation. Single-chain trimer of MHC-I-β2M was generated to study the effect of stabilization of MHC-I-β2M complex on NCAM1 signaling. RESULTS MHC-I is destabilized in the brains of AD patients and neuronal cells treated with oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ). Specifically, Aβ oligomers disassemble the MHC-I-β2-microglobulin (β2M) complex, leading to reduced interactions with neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), a novel interactor of neuronal MHC-I, and decreased signaling. Inhibition of MHC-I-β2M complex destabilization by non-dissociable MHC-I-β2M-peptide complex restored MHC-I-NCAM1 signaling in neuronal cells. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that disruption of MHC-1-NCAM1 signaling by Aβ induced disassembly of MHC-I-β2M complex is involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Moreover, our findings suggest modulation of MHC-I stability may be a potential therapeutic target for restoring synaptic function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Kim
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwangmin Cho
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Cho
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Na-Young Kim
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Convergence Medicine Research Center/Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hou Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Yoon
- ADEL Institute of Science & Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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13
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Tomiyama ALMR, Cartarozzi LP, de Oliveira Coser L, Chiarotto GB, Oliveira ALR. Neuroprotection by upregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) in SOD1 G93A mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1211486. [PMID: 37711512 PMCID: PMC10498468 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1211486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that progressively affects motoneurons, causing muscle atrophy and evolving to death. Astrocytes inhibit the expression of MHC-I by neurons, contributing to a degenerative outcome. The present study verified the influence of interferon β (IFN β) treatment, a proinflammatory cytokine that upregulates MHC-I expression, in SOD1G93A transgenic mice. For that, 17 days old presymptomatic female mice were subjected to subcutaneous application of IFN β (250, 1,000, and 10,000 IU) every other day for 20 days. Rotarod motor test, clinical score, and body weight assessment were conducted every third day throughout the treatment period. No significant intergroup variations were observed in such parameters during the pre-symptomatic phase. All mice were then euthanized, and the spinal cords collected for comparative analysis of motoneuron survival, reactive gliosis, synapse coverage, microglia morphology classification, cytokine analysis by flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR quantification of gene transcripts. Additionally, mice underwent Rotarod motor assessment, weight monitoring, and neurological scoring. The results show that IFN β treatment led to an increase in the expression of MHC-I, which, even at the lowest dose (250 IU), resulted in a significant increase in neuronal survival in the ALS presymptomatic period which lasted until the onset of the disease. The treatment also influenced synaptic preservation by decreasing excitatory inputs and upregulating the expression of AMPA receptors by astrocytes. Microglial reactivity quantified by the integrated density of pixels did not decrease with treatment but showed a less activated morphology, coupled with polarization to an M1 profile. Disease progression upregulated gene transcripts for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and IFN β treatment significantly decreased mRNA expression for IL4. Overall, the present results demonstrate that a low dosage of IFN β shows therapeutic potential by increasing MHC-I expression, resulting in neuroprotection and immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alexandre L. R. Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology—University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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14
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Datta D. Interrogating the Etiology of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Using Aging Rhesus Macaques: Cellular, Molecular, and Cortical Circuitry Perspectives. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1523-1534. [PMID: 37279946 PMCID: PMC10460555 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most significant risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with profound socioeconomic and personal costs. Consequently, there is an urgent need for animal models that recapitulate the age-related spatial and temporal complexity and patterns of pathology identical to human AD. Our research in aging nonhuman primate models involving rhesus macaques has revealed naturally occurring amyloid and tau pathology, including the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles comprising hyperphosphorylated tau. Moreover, rhesus macaques exhibit synaptic dysfunction in association cortices and cognitive impairments with advancing age, and thus can be used to interrogate the etiological mechanisms that generate neuropathological cascades in sporadic AD. Particularly, unique molecular mechanisms (eg, feedforward cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate [cAMP]-Protein kinase A (PKA)-calcium signaling) in the newly evolved primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are critical for persistent firing required for subserving higher-order cognition. For example, dendritic spines in primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contain a specialized repertoire of proteins to magnify feedforward cAMP-PKA-calcium signaling such as N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors and calcium channels on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (eg, ryanodine receptors). This process is constrained by phosphodiesterases (eg, PDE4) that hydrolyze cAMP and calcium-buffering proteins (eg, calbindin) in the cytosol. However, genetic predispositions and age-related insults exacerbate feedforward cAMP-Protein kinase A-calcium signaling pathways that induce a myriad of downstream effects, including the opening of K+ channels to weaken network connectivity, calcium-mediated dysregulation of mitochondria, and activation of inflammatory cascades to eliminate synapses, thereby increasing susceptibility to atrophy. Therefore, aging rhesus macaques provide an invaluable model to explore novel therapeutic strategies in sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyadeep Datta
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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15
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Eyford BA, Lazarczyk MJ, Choi KB, Varghese M, Arora H, Kari S, Munro L, Pfeifer CG, Sowa A, Dickstein DR, Dickstein DL, Jefferies WA. Outside-in signaling through the major histocompatibility complex class-I cytoplasmic tail modulates glutamate receptor expression in neurons. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13079. [PMID: 37567897 PMCID: PMC10421907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38663-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins in regulating synaptic signaling is a crucial aspect of central nervous system (CNS) function. In this study, we investigate the significance of the cytoplasmic tail of MHC-I in synaptic signaling within the CNS and its impact on the modulation of synaptic glutamate receptor expression. Specifically, we focus on the Y321 to F substitution (Y321F) within the conserved cytoplasmic tyrosine YXXΦ motif, known for its dual role in endocytosis and cellular signaling of MHC-I. Our findings reveal that the Y321F substitution influences the expression of AMPAR subunits GluA2/3 and leads to alterations in the phosphorylation of key kinases, including Fyn, Lyn, p38, ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3, and p70 S6 kinase. These data illuminate the crucial role of MHC-I in AMPAR function and present a novel mechanism by which MHC-I integrates extracellular cues to modulate synaptic plasticity in neurons, which ultimately underpins learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Eyford
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Maciej J Lazarczyk
- Division of Institutional Measures, Department of Medical Direction and Quality, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kyung Bok Choi
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 1364-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Merina Varghese
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hitesh Arora
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Suresh Kari
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 1364-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lonna Munro
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 1364-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cheryl G Pfeifer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 1364-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Allison Sowa
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daniel R Dickstein
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Dara L Dickstein
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 1364-2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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16
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Hobson BD, Stanley AT, De Los Santos MB, Culbertson B, Mosharov EV, Sims PA, Sulzer D. Conserved and cell type-specific transcriptional responses to IFN-γ in the ventral midbrain. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:277-291. [PMID: 37100211 PMCID: PMC10460506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) contributes to neuropathology in infectious, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative disease. With the exception of microglia, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins are virtually undetectable in the mature, healthy central nervous system (CNS). Neurons have generally been considered incapable of antigen presentation, and although interferon gamma (IFN-γ) can elicit neuronal MHC class I (MHC-I) expression and antigen presentation in vitro, it has been unclear whether similar responses occur in vivo. Here we directly injected IFN-γ into the ventral midbrain of mature mice and analyzed gene expression profiles of specific CNS cell types. We found that IFN-γ upregulated MHC-I and associated mRNAs in ventral midbrain microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and GABAergic, glutamatergic, and dopaminergic neurons. The core set of IFN-γ-induced genes and their response kinetics were similar in neurons and glia, but with a lower amplitude of expression in neurons. A diverse repertoire of genes was upregulated in glia, particularly microglia, which were the only cells to undergo cellular proliferation and express MHC classII (MHC-II) and associated genes. To determine if neurons respond directly via cell-autonomous IFN-γ receptor (IFNGR) signaling, we produced mutant mice with a deletion of the IFN-γ-binding domain of IFNGR1 in dopaminergic neurons, which resulted in a complete loss of dopaminergic neuronal responses to IFN-γ. Our results demonstrate that IFN-γ induces neuronal IFNGR signaling and upregulation of MHC-I and related genes in vivo, although the expression level is low compared to oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hobson
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Adrien T Stanley
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Mark B De Los Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Bruce Culbertson
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States.
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States.
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17
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Kellogg CM, Pham K, Machalinski AH, Porter HL, Blankenship HE, Tooley K, Stout MB, Rice HC, Sharpe AL, Beckstead MJ, Chucair-Elliott AJ, Ocañas SR, Freeman WM. Microglial MHC-I induction with aging and Alzheimer's is conserved in mouse models and humans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.07.531435. [PMID: 36945372 PMCID: PMC10028873 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC-I) CNS cellular localization and function is still being determined after previously being thought to be absent from the brain. MHC-I expression has been reported to increase with brain aging in mouse, rat, and human whole tissue analyses but the cellular localization was undetermined. Neuronal MHC-I is proposed to regulate developmental synapse elimination and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we report that across newly generated and publicly available ribosomal profiling, cell sorting, and single-cell data, microglia are the primary source of classical and non-classical MHC-I in mice and humans. Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification-qPCR analysis of 3-6 and 18-22 month old (m.o.) mice revealed significant age-related microglial induction of MHC-I pathway genes B2m , H2-D1 , H2-K1 , H2-M3 , H2-Q6 , and Tap1 but not in astrocytes and neurons. Across a timecourse (12-23 m.o.), microglial MHC-I gradually increased until 21 m.o. and then accelerated. MHC-I protein was enriched in microglia and increased with aging. Microglial expression, and absence in astrocytes and neurons, of MHC-I binding Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like (Lilrs) and Paired immunoglobin-like type 2 (Pilrs) receptor families could enable cell-autonomous MHC-I signaling and increased with aging in mice and humans. Increased microglial MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs were observed in multiple AD mouse models and human AD data across methods and studies. MHC-I expression correlated with p16INK4A , suggesting an association with cellular senescence. Conserved induction of MHC-I, Lilrs, and Pilrs with aging and AD opens the possibility of cell-autonomous MHC-I signaling to regulate microglial reactivation with aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collyn M. Kellogg
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Kevin Pham
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Adeline H. Machalinski
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Hunter L. Porter
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Harris E. Blankenship
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kyla Tooley
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael B. Stout
- Aging & Metabolism Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Heather C. Rice
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Amanda L. Sharpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael J. Beckstead
- Aging & Metabolism Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Ana J. Chucair-Elliott
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Sarah R. Ocañas
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Willard M. Freeman
- Genes & Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
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18
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Zhao Y, Zheng Q, Hong Y, Gao Y, Hu J, Lang M, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Luo H, Zhang X, Sun H, Yan XX, Huang TY, Wang YJ, Xu H, Liu C, Wang X. β 2-Microglobulin coaggregates with Aβ and contributes to amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Nat Neurosci 2023:10.1038/s41593-023-01352-1. [PMID: 37264159 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies indicate that β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation is pivotal for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression; however, cumulative evidence suggests that Aβ itself is not sufficient to trigger AD-associated degeneration, and whether other additional pathological factors drive AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we characterize pathogenic aggregates composed of β2-microglobulin (β2M) and Aβ that trigger neurodegeneration in AD. β2M, a component of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I), is upregulated in the brains of individuals with AD and constitutes the amyloid plaque core. Elevation of β2M aggravates amyloid pathology independent of MHC class I, and coaggregation with β2M is essential for Aβ neurotoxicity. B2m genetic ablation abrogates amyloid spreading and cognitive deficits in AD mice. Antisense oligonucleotide- or monoclonal antibody-mediated β2M depletion mitigates AD-associated neuropathology, and inhibition of β2M-Aβ coaggregation with a β2M-based blocking peptide ameliorates amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits in AD mice. Our findings identify β2M as an essential factor for Aβ neurotoxicity and a potential target for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuyang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiaojiao Hu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoju Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya Medical School, Changsha, China
| | - Timothy Y Huang
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Center for Brain Sciences, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute for Brain Science and Disease, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China.
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19
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Yao B, Delaidelli A, Vogel H, Sorensen PH. Pediatric Brain Tumours: Lessons from the Immune Microenvironment. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5024-5046. [PMID: 37232837 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30050379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of recent advances in tumour molecular subtyping, pediatric brain tumours (PBTs) remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. While some PBTs are treatable with favourable outcomes, recurrent and metastatic disease for certain types of PBTs remains challenging and is often fatal. Tumour immunotherapy has emerged as a hopeful avenue for the treatment of childhood tumours, and recent immunotherapy efforts have been directed towards PBTs. This strategy has the potential to combat otherwise incurable PBTs, while minimizing off-target effects and long-term sequelae. As the infiltration and activation states of immune cells, including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumour-associated macrophages, are key to shaping responses towards immunotherapy, this review explores the immune landscape of the developing brain and discusses the tumour immune microenvironments of common PBTs, with hopes of conferring insights that may inform future treatment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Yao
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Alberto Delaidelli
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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20
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Lazarczyk MJ, Eyford BA, Varghese M, Arora H, Munro L, Warda T, Pfeifer CG, Sowa A, Dickstein DR, Rumbell T, Jefferies WA, Dickstein DL. The intracellular domain of major histocompatibility class-I proteins is essential for maintaining excitatory spine density and synaptic ultrastructure in the brain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6448. [PMID: 37081001 PMCID: PMC10119172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins are expressed in neurons, where they regulate synaptic plasticity. However, the mechanisms by which MHC-I functions in the CNS remains unknown. Here we describe the first structural analysis of a MHC-I protein, to resolve underlying mechanisms that explains its function in the brain. We demonstrate that Y321F mutation of the conserved cytoplasmic tyrosine-based endocytosis motif YXXΦ in MHC-I affects spine density and synaptic structure without affecting neuronal complexity in the hippocampus, a region of the brain intimately involved in learning and memory. Furthermore, the impact of the Y321F substitution phenocopies MHC-I knock-out (null) animals, demonstrating that reverse, outside-in signalling events sensing the external environment is the major mechanism that conveys this information to the neuron and this has a previously undescribed yet essential role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej J Lazarczyk
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Medical Direction and Quality, Division of Institutional Measures, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Brett A Eyford
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Merina Varghese
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hitesh Arora
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lonna Munro
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370 - 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, 1364 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tahia Warda
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cheryl G Pfeifer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370 - 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, 1364 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Allison Sowa
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daniel R Dickstein
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Timothy Rumbell
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Robert H.N. Ho Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2370 - 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, 1364 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Dara L Dickstein
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
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21
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Nagappan-Chettiar S, Yasuda M, Johnson-Venkatesh EM, Umemori H. The molecular signals that regulate activity-dependent synapse refinement in the brain. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 79:102692. [PMID: 36805716 PMCID: PMC10023433 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The formation of appropriate synaptic connections is critical for the proper functioning of the brain. Early in development, neurons form a surplus of immature synapses. To establish efficient, functional neural networks, neurons selectively stabilize active synapses and eliminate less active ones. This process is known as activity-dependent synapse refinement. Defects in this process have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Here we review the manner and mechanisms by which synapse elimination is regulated through activity-dependent competition. We propose a theoretical framework for the molecular mechanisms of synapse refinement, in which three types of signals regulate the refinement. We then describe the identity of these signals and discuss how multiple molecular signals interact to achieve appropriate synapse refinement in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapratha Nagappan-Chettiar
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. https://twitter.com/sivapratha
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erin M Johnson-Venkatesh
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hisashi Umemori
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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22
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Huang YM, Ma YH, Gao PY, Wang ZB, Huang LY, Hou JH, Tan L, Yu JT. Plasma β 2-microglobulin and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in cognitively intact older adults: the CABLE study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:69. [PMID: 37005674 PMCID: PMC10067214 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a correlation between elevated levels of β2-microglobulin (B2M) and cognitive impairment. However, the existing evidence is insufficient to establish a conclusive relationship. This study aims to analyze the link of plasma B2M to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and cognition. METHODS To track the dynamics of plasma B2M in preclinical AD, 846 cognitively healthy individuals in the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) cohort were divided into four groups (suspected non-AD pathology [SNAP], 2, 1, 0) according to the NIA-AA criteria. Multiple linear regression models were employed to examine the plasma B2M's relationship with cognitive and CSF AD biomarkers. Causal mediation analysis was conducted through 10,000 bootstrapped iterations to explore the mediating effect of AD pathology on cognition. RESULTS We found that the levels of plasma B2M were increased in stages 1 (P = 0.0007) and 2 (P < 0.0001), in contrast to stage 0. In total participants, higher levels of B2M were associated with worse cognitive performance (P = 0.006 for MMSE; P = 0.012 for MoCA). Moreover, a higher level of B2M was associated with decreases in Aβ1-42 (P < 0.001) and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 (P = 0.015) as well as increases in T-tau/Aβ1-42 (P < 0.001) and P-tau/Aβ1-42 (P < 0.001). The subgroup analysis found B2M correlated with Aβ1-42 in non-APOE ε4 individuals (P < 0.001) but not in APOE ε4 carriers. Additionally, the link between B2M and cognition was partially mediated by Aβ pathology (percentage: 8.6 to 19.3%), whereas tau pathology did not mediate this effect. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the association of plasma B2M with CSF AD biomarkers as well as a possible important role of Aβ pathology in the association between B2M and cognitive impairment, particularly in cognitively normal individuals. The results indicated that B2M could be a potential biomarker for preclinical AD and might have varied functions throughout various stages of preclinical AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Huang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pei-Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia-Hui Hou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- National Center for Neurological Diseases in China, Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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23
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Tshilenge KT, Aguirre CG, Bons J, Gerencser AA, Basisty N, Song S, Rose J, Lopez-Ramirez A, Naphade S, Loureiro A, Battistoni E, Milani M, Wehrfritz C, Holtz A, Hetz C, Mooney SD, Schilling B, Ellerby LM. Proteomic Analysis of Huntington's Disease Medium Spiny Neurons Identifies Alterations in Lipid Droplets. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100534. [PMID: 36958627 PMCID: PMC10165459 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. The resulting polyglutamine (polyQ) tract alters the function of the HTT protein. Although HTT is expressed in different tissues, the medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs) in the striatum are particularly vulnerable in HD. Thus, we sought to define the proteome of human HD patient-derived MSNs. We differentiated HD72 induced pluripotent stem cells and isogenic controls into MSNs and carried out quantitative proteomic analysis. Using data-dependent acquisitions with FAIMS for label-free quantification on the Orbitrap Lumos mass spectrometer, we identified 6,323 proteins with at least two unique peptides. Of these, 901 proteins were altered significantly more in the HD72-MSNs than in isogenic controls. Functional enrichment analysis of upregulated proteins demonstrated extracellular matrix and DNA signaling (DNA replication pathway, double-strand break repair, G1/S transition) with the highest significance. Conversely, processes associated with the downregulated proteins included neurogenesis-axogenesis, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-signaling pathway, Ephrin-A: EphA pathway, regulation of synaptic plasticity, triglyceride homeostasis cholesterol, plasmid lipoprotein particle immune response, interferon-γ signaling, immune system major histocompatibility complex, lipid metabolism and cellular response to stimulus. Moreover, proteins involved in the formation and maintenance of axons, dendrites, and synapses (e.g., Septin protein members) were dysregulated in HD72-MSNs. Importantly, lipid metabolism pathways were altered, and using quantitative image, we found analysis that lipid droplets accumulated in the HD72-MSN, suggesting a deficit in the turnover of lipids possibly through lipophagy. Our proteomics analysis of HD72-MSNs identified relevant pathways that are altered in MSNs and confirm current and new therapeutic targets for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Galicia Aguirre
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA; University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90893, USA
| | - Joanna Bons
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Akos A Gerencser
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Nathan Basisty
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA; Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, 21244, USA
| | - Sicheng Song
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jacob Rose
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | | | - Swati Naphade
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Ashley Loureiro
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Elena Battistoni
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Mateus Milani
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile
| | - Cameron Wehrfritz
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Anja Holtz
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA
| | - Claudio Hetz
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile
| | - Sean D Mooney
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA; University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90893, USA.
| | - Lisa M Ellerby
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, 94945, USA; University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90893, USA.
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24
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Chen Y, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Fang Y, Ma L, Zhang X, Xiong J, Liu L. Hypoimmunogenic human pluripotent stem cells are valid cell sources for cell therapeutics with normal self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:11. [PMID: 36691086 PMCID: PMC9872349 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoimmunogenic human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are expected to serve as an unlimited cell source for generating universally compatible "off-the-shelf" cell grafts. However, whether the engineered hypoimmunogenic hPSCs still preserve their advantages of unlimited self-renewal and multilineage differentiation to yield functional tissue cells remains unclear. Here, we systematically studied the self-renewal and differentiation potency of three types of hypoimmunogenic hPSCs, established through the biallelic lesion of B2M gene to remove all surface expression of classical and nonclassical HLA class I molecules (B2Mnull), biallelic homologous recombination of nonclassical HLA-G1 to the B2M loci to knockout B2M while expressing membrane-bound β2m-HLA-G1 fusion proteins (B2MmHLAG), and ectopic expression of soluble and secreted β2m-HLA-G5 fusion proteins in B2MmHLAG hPSCs (B2Mm/sHLAG) in the most widely used WA09 human embryonic stem cells. Our results showed that hypoimmunogenic hPSCs with variable expression patterns of HLA molecules and immune compromising spectrums retained their normal self-renewal capacity and three-germ-layer differentiation potency. More importantly, as exemplified by neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, hypoimmunogenic hPSC-derived tissue cells were fully functional as of their morphology, electrophysiological properties, macromolecule transportation and metabolic regulation. Our findings thus indicate that engineered hypoimmunogenic hPSCs hold great promise of serving as an unlimited universal cell source for cell therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshu Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jie Xiong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Santoro S, Clarelli F, Preziosa P, Storelli L, Cannizzaro M, Mascia E, Esposito F, Rocca MA, Filippi M. Exploring the Association of HLA Genetic Risk Burden on Thalamic and Hippocampal Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2136. [PMID: 36421810 PMCID: PMC9690825 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system for which human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are major contributors to susceptibility. Several investigations have focused on the relationship between HLA and clinical parameters, while few studies have evaluated its correlation with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. We investigated the association between the HLA genetic burden (HLAGB), originating from the most updated HLA alleles associated with MS, and neuroimaging endophenotypes, with a specific focus on brain atrophy metrics. A monocentric Italian cohort of 334 MS patients with imputed HLA alleles and cross-sectional volumetric measures of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), hippocampus, thalamus and T2-hyperintense lesions was investigated. Linear regression models with covariate adjustment were fitted for each metric. We detected no effect of HLAGB on WM and GM volumes. Interestingly, we found a marginal correlation between higher HLAGB and lower hippocampal volume (β = -0.142, p = 0.063) and a nominal association between higher HLAGB and lower thalamic volume (β = -0.299, p = 0.047). No association was found with T2 lesion volumes. The putative impact of higher HLAGB on hippocampus and thalamus suggests, if replicated in independent cohorts, a possible cumulative contribution of HLA risk loci on brain volumetric traits linked to clinical deficits in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santoro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Clarelli
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Preziosa
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana Storelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Miryam Cannizzaro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mascia
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Rocca
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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26
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Mason HD, McGavern DB. How the immune system shapes neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:733-748. [PMID: 36075783 PMCID: PMC9746609 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and are influenced by many factors including age, genetics, and injuries. While these diseases are often thought to result from the accumulation and spread of aberrant proteins, recent studies have demonstrated that they can be shaped by the innate and adaptive immune system. Resident myeloid cells typically mount a sustained response to the degenerating CNS, but peripheral leukocytes such as T and B cells can also alter disease trajectories. Here, we review the sometimes-dichotomous roles played by immune cells during neurodegenerative diseases and explore how brain trauma can serve as a disease initiator or accelerant. We also offer insights into how failure to properly resolve a CNS injury might promote the development of a neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah D Mason
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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27
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Shoji M, Okamoto R, Unno T, Harada K, Kubo M, Fukuyama Y, Kuzuhara T. Transcriptome analysis of PC12 cells reveals that trans-banglene upregulates RT1-CE1 and downregulates abca1 in the neurotrophic pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1784-1790. [PMID: 36155550 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trans(t)-banglene and cis(c)-banglene possess neurotrophin-like activity in rat neurons. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying t-banglene-induced neurotrophic activity in rat and human neurons remain unclear. Here, we performed transcriptome analysis in PC12 cells, a rat adrenal gland pheochromocytoma cell line treated with t-banglene, using comprehensive RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed gene analysis of the sequencing data revealed that the expression of RT1 class I, locus CE1 (RT1-CE1) was upregulated, and that of ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (abca1), myosin light chain 6, and hippocampus abundant transcript 1 was downregulated in t-banglene-treated PC12 cells, with statistically significant differences. We also confirmed the RT1-CE1 upregulation and abca1 downregulation in t-banglene-treated PC12 cells by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RT1-CEl is a major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) protein. ABCAl is a major cholesterol transporter that regulates efflux of intracellular cholesterol and phospholipids. Thus, our results suggest an exciting link between MHCI, cholesterol regulation, and neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shoji
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Risa Okamoto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Taishi Unno
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Takashi Kuzuhara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
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28
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An opinion on the debatable function of brain resident immune protein, T-cell receptor beta subunit in the central nervous system. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:235-242. [PMID: 36590097 PMCID: PMC9795316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years scientific research has established that the nervous and immune systems have shared molecular signaling components. Proteins native to immune cells, which are also found in the brain, have neuronal functions in the nervous system where they affect synaptic plasticity, axonal regeneration, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. Certain native immune molecules like major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I), paired immunoglobulin receptor B (PirB), toll-like receptor (TLR), cluster of differentiation-3 zeta (CD3ζ), CD4 co-receptor, and T-cell receptor beta (TCR-β) expression in neurons have been extensively documented. In this review, we provide our opinion and discussed the possible roles of T-cell receptor beta subunits in modulating the function of neurons in the central nervous system. Based on the previous findings of Syken and Shatz., 2003; Nishiyori et al., 2004; Rodriguez et., 1993 and Komal et., 2014; we discuss whether restrictive expression of TCR-β subunits in selected brain regions could be involved in the pathology of neurological disorders and whether their aberrant enhancement in expression may be considered as a suitable biomarker for aging or neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington's disease (HD).
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29
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Hu Y, Shen Y, Wu X, Ba R, Xu H, Lu K, Shao Y, Sun C, Zhang Y, Miao F, Shen Y, Zhang J. Expression pattern of NLRC5 in the postnatal mouse brain. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151939. [PMID: 35952483 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), belonging to a large family of pattern recognition receptors, participate in the host's first line of defense against invading pathogens. Caspase recruitment domain containing 5 (NLRC5), the largest member in the NLR family, is demonstrated to be involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory diseases far and wide. Recent studies report that NLRC5 is associated with some central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Besides, NLRC5 is a mastery regulator for the expression of MHC class I both in the immune system and the CNS, while MHC class I is expressed and exerts its function in the brain. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the expression pattern of NLRC5 in the developing and adult CNS. In our study, postnatal brain sections of C57BL/6 J mice are analyzed for the expression of NLRC5 protein by immunofluorescence. In the postnatal stages of developing telencephalon, NLRC5 exhibits a spatial and temporal expression pattern. NLRC5 is time-specifically expressed in subfields of hippocampus and different layers of prefrontal cortex. Moreover, it is shown that NLRC5 is highly cell type specific. It can be expressed in large quantities by neurons and microglia, but rarely expressed by astrocytes. Taken together, our research is important for further understanding the biological characteristics of NLRC5 and its function in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru Ba
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengqin Miao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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30
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Jiang CC, Lin LS, Long S, Ke XY, Fukunaga K, Lu YM, Han F. Signalling pathways in autism spectrum disorder: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:229. [PMID: 35817793 PMCID: PMC9273593 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent and complex neurodevelopmental disorder which has strong genetic basis. Despite the rapidly rising incidence of autism, little is known about its aetiology, risk factors, and disease progression. There are currently neither validated biomarkers for diagnostic screening nor specific medication for autism. Over the last two decades, there have been remarkable advances in genetics, with hundreds of genes identified and validated as being associated with a high risk for autism. The convergence of neuroscience methods is becoming more widely recognized for its significance in elucidating the pathological mechanisms of autism. Efforts have been devoted to exploring the behavioural functions, key pathological mechanisms and potential treatments of autism. Here, as we highlight in this review, emerging evidence shows that signal transduction molecular events are involved in pathological processes such as transcription, translation, synaptic transmission, epigenetics and immunoinflammatory responses. This involvement has important implications for the discovery of precise molecular targets for autism. Moreover, we review recent insights into the mechanisms and clinical implications of signal transduction in autism from molecular, cellular, neural circuit, and neurobehavioural aspects. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives are discussed with regard to novel strategies predicated on the biological features of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chen Jiang
- International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Li-Shan Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Sen Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Mental Health Center Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ke
- Child Mental Health Research Center, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of CNS Drug Innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ying-Mei Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Feng Han
- International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Institute of Brain Science, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China. .,Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China.
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31
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Cukier HN, Kim H, Griswold AJ, Codreanu SG, Prince LM, Sherrod SD, McLean JA, Dykxhoorn DM, Ess KC, Hedera P, Bowman AB, Neely MD. Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic profiles of hiPSC-derived dopamine neurons from clinically discordant brothers with identical PRKN deletions. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:84. [PMID: 35768426 PMCID: PMC9243035 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported on two brothers who carry identical compound heterozygous PRKN mutations yet present with significantly different Parkinson's Disease (PD) clinical phenotypes. Juvenile cases demonstrate that PD is not necessarily an aging-associated disease. Indeed, evidence for a developmental component to PD pathogenesis is accumulating. Thus, we hypothesized that the presence of additional genetic modifiers, including genetic loci relevant to mesencephalic dopamine neuron development, could potentially contribute to the different clinical manifestations of the two brothers. We differentiated human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from the two brothers into mesencephalic neural precursor cells and early postmitotic dopaminergic neurons and performed wholeexome sequencing and transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. No significant differences in the expression of canonical dopamine neuron differentiation markers were observed. Yet our transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant downregulation of the expression of three neurodevelopmentally relevant cell adhesion molecules, CNTN6, CNTN4 and CHL1, in the cultures of the more severely affected brother. In addition, several HLA genes, known to play a role in neurodevelopment, were differentially regulated. The expression of EN2, a transcription factor crucial for mesencephalic dopamine neuron development, was also differentially regulated. We further identified differences in cellular processes relevant to dopamine metabolism. Lastly, wholeexome sequencing, transcriptomics and metabolomics data all revealed differences in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, the dysregulation of which has been previously associated with PD. In summary, we identified genetic differences which could potentially, at least partially, contribute to the discordant clinical PD presentation of the two brothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Cukier
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN, USA
| | - Anthony J Griswold
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Simona G Codreanu
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa M Prince
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN, USA
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John A McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Derek M Dykxhoorn
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kevin C Ess
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter Hedera
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN, USA.
| | - M Diana Neely
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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32
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Marin IA, Gutman-Wei AY, Chew KS, Raissi AJ, Djurisic M, Shatz CJ. The nonclassical MHC class I Qa-1 expressed in layer 6 neurons regulates activity-dependent plasticity via microglial CD94/NKG2 in the cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203965119. [PMID: 35648829 PMCID: PMC9191652 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203965119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During developmental critical periods, circuits are sculpted by a process of activity-dependent competition. The molecular machinery involved in regulating the complex process of responding to different levels of activity is now beginning to be identified. Here, we show that the nonclassical major histocompatibility class I (MHCI) molecule Qa-1 is expressed in the healthy brain in layer 6 corticothalamic neurons. In the visual cortex, Qa-1 expression begins during the critical period for ocular dominance (OD) plasticity and is regulated by neuronal activity, suggesting a role in regulating activity-dependent competition. Indeed, in mice lacking Qa-1, OD plasticity is perturbed. Moreover, signaling through CD94/NKG2, a known cognate Qa-1 heterodimeric receptor in the immune system, is implicated: selectively targeting this interaction phenocopies the plasticity perturbation observed in Qa-1 knockouts. In the cortex, CD94/NKG2 is expressed by microglial cells, which undergo activity-dependent changes in their morphology in a Qa-1–dependent manner. Our study thus reveals a neuron–microglial interaction dependent upon a nonclassical MHCI molecule expressed in L6 neurons, which regulates plasticity in the visual cortex. These results also point to an unexpected function for the Qa-1/HLA-E (ligand) and CD94/NKG2 (receptor) interaction in the nervous system, in addition to that described in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana A. Marin
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
| | - Alan Y. Gutman-Wei
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
| | - Kylie S. Chew
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
| | - Aram J. Raissi
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
| | - Maja Djurisic
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
| | - Carla J. Shatz
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035
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33
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Pumo GM, Kitazawa T, Rijli FM. Epigenetic and Transcriptional Regulation of Spontaneous and Sensory Activity Dependent Programs During Neuronal Circuit Development. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:911023. [PMID: 35664458 PMCID: PMC9158562 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.911023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous activity generated before the onset of sensory transduction has a key role in wiring developing sensory circuits. From axonal targeting, to synapse formation and elimination, to the balanced integration of neurons into developing circuits, this type of activity is implicated in a variety of cellular processes. However, little is known about its molecular mechanisms of action, especially at the level of genome regulation. Conversely, sensory experience-dependent activity implements well-characterized transcriptional and epigenetic chromatin programs that underlie heterogeneous but specific genomic responses that shape both postnatal circuit development and neuroplasticity in the adult. In this review, we focus on our knowledge of the developmental processes regulated by spontaneous activity and the underlying transcriptional mechanisms. We also review novel findings on how chromatin regulates the specificity and developmental induction of the experience-dependent program, and speculate their relevance for our understanding of how spontaneous activity may act at the genomic level to instruct circuit assembly and prepare developing neurons for sensory-dependent connectivity refinement and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele M. Pumo
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Epigenetics, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Department Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Taro Kitazawa
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Epigenetics, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Filippo M. Rijli
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Epigenetics, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Department Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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34
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Greenlee JE, Carlson NG, Abbatemarco JR, Herdlevær I, Clardy SL, Vedeler CA. Editorial: Autoimmunity and the Brain: Paraneoplastic Neurological Injury and Beyond. Front Neurol 2022; 13:900130. [PMID: 35645953 PMCID: PMC9135069 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.900130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Greenlee
- Neurology Service, George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: John E. Greenlee
| | - Noel G. Carlson
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Health Care System, GRECC, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Justin R. Abbatemarco
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ida Herdlevær
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-SysMed, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stacey L. Clardy
- Neurology Service, George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Christian A. Vedeler
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-SysMed, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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35
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Maternal mid-gestational and child cord blood immune signatures are strongly associated with offspring risk of ASD. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1527-1541. [PMID: 34987169 PMCID: PMC9106807 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies and work in animal models indicate that immune activation may be a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We measured levels of 60 cytokines and growth factors in 869 maternal mid-gestational (MMG) and 807 child cord blood (CB) plasma samples from 457 ASD (385 boys, 72 girls) and 497 control children (418 boys, 79 girls) from the Norwegian Autism Birth Cohort. We analyzed associations first using sex-stratified unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models, and then employed machine learning strategies (LASSO + interactions, Random Forests, XGBoost classifiers) with cross-validation and randomly sampled test set evaluation to assess the utility of immune signatures as ASD biomarkers. We found prominent case-control differences in both boys and girls with alterations in a wide range of analytes in MMG and CB plasma including but not limited to IL1RA, TNFα, Serpin E1, VCAM1, VEGFD, EGF, CSF1, and CSF2. MMG findings were most striking, with particularly strong effect sizes in girls. Models did not change appreciably upon adjustment for maternal conditions, medication use, or emotional distress ratings. Findings were corroborated using machine learning approaches, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values in the test sets ranging from 0.771 to 0.965. Our results are consistent with gestational immunopathology in ASD, may provide insights into sex-specific differences, and have the potential to lead to biomarkers for early diagnosis.
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36
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Hobson BD, Sulzer D. Neuronal Presentation of Antigen and Its Possible Role in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:S137-S147. [PMID: 35253783 PMCID: PMC9440948 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies often exhibit autoimmune features, including CD4+ and some CD8+ T lymphocytes that recognize epitopes derived from alpha-synuclein. While neurons have long been considered to not present antigens, recent data indicate that they can be induced to do so, particularly in response to interferons and other forms of stress. Here, we review literature on neuronal antigen presentation and its potential role in PD. Although direct evidence for CD8+ T cell-mediated neuronal death is lacking in PD, neuronal antigen presentation appears central to the pathology of Rasmussen's encephalitis, a pediatric neurological disorder driven by cytotoxic T cell infiltration and neuroinflammation. Emerging data suggest that T cells enter the brain in PD and other synucleinopathies, where the majority of neuromelanin-containing substantia nigra and locus coeruleus neurons express MHC Class I molecules. In cell culture, CD8+ T cell recognition of antigen:MHC Class I complexes on neuronal membranes leads to cytotoxic responses and neuronal cell death. Recent animal models suggest the possibility of T cell autoreactivity to mitochondrial antigens in PD. It remains unclear if neuronal antigen presentation plays a role in PD or other neurodegenerative disorders, and efforts are underway to better elucidate the potential impact of autoimmune responses on neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Hobson
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Correspondence to: David Sultzer, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. E-mail:
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37
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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and Morita therapy (MT); comparison of three established psychotherapies and possible common neural mechanisms of psychotherapies. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:805-828. [PMID: 34889976 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Psychotherapies aim to relieve patients from mental distress by guiding them toward healthier attitudes and behaviors. Psychotherapies can differ substantially in concepts and approaches. In this review article, we compare the methods and science of three established psychotherapies: Morita Therapy (MT), which is a 100-year-old method established in Japan; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which-worldwide-has become the major psychotherapy; and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which is a relatively young psychotherapy that shares some characteristics with MT. The neuroscience of psychotherapy as a system is only beginning to be understood, but relatively solid scientific information is available about some of its important aspects such as learning, physical health, and social interactions. On average, psychotherapies work best if combined with pharmacotherapies. This synergy may rely on the drugs helping to "kickstart" the use of neural pathways (behaviors) to which a patient otherwise has poor access. Improved behavior, guided by psychotherapy, can then consolidate these pathways by their continued usage throughout a patient's life.
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38
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Duménieu M, Marquèze-Pouey B, Russier M, Debanne D. Mechanisms of Plasticity in Subcortical Visual Areas. Cells 2021; 10:3162. [PMID: 34831385 PMCID: PMC8621502 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual plasticity is classically considered to occur essentially in the primary and secondary cortical areas. Subcortical visual areas such as the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) or the superior colliculus (SC) have long been held as basic structures responsible for a stable and defined function. In this model, the dLGN was considered as a relay of visual information travelling from the retina to cortical areas and the SC as a sensory integrator orienting body movements towards visual targets. However, recent findings suggest that both dLGN and SC neurons express functional plasticity, adding unexplored layers of complexity to their previously attributed functions. The existence of neuronal plasticity at the level of visual subcortical areas redefines our approach of the visual system. The aim of this paper is therefore to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms for activity-dependent plasticity of both synaptic transmission and cellular properties in subcortical visual areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dominique Debanne
- INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, UNIS, 13015 Marseille, France; (M.D.); (B.M.-P.); (M.R.)
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39
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Soteros BM, Sia GM. Complement and microglia dependent synapse elimination in brain development. WIREs Mech Dis 2021; 14:e1545. [PMID: 34738335 PMCID: PMC9066608 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Synapse elimination, also known as synaptic pruning, is a critical step in the maturation of neural circuits during brain development. Mounting evidence indicates that the complement cascade of the innate immune system plays an important role in synapse elimination. Studies indicate that excess synapses during development are opsonized by complement proteins and subsequently phagocytosed by microglia which expresses complement receptors. The process is regulated by diverse molecular signals, including complement inhibitors that affect the activation of complement, as well as signals that affect microglial recruitment and activation. These signals may promote or inhibit the removal of specific sets of synapses during development. The complement-microglia system has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several developmental brain disorders, suggesting that the dysregulation of mechanisms of synapse pruning may underlie the specific circuitry defects in these diseases. Here, we review the latest evidence on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of complement-dependent and microglia-dependent synapse elimination during brain development, and highlight the potential of this system as a therapeutic target for developmental brain disorders. This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Immune System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breeanne M Soteros
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Gek Ming Sia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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40
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Faust TE, Gunner G, Schafer DP. Mechanisms governing activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci 2021; 22:657-673. [PMID: 34545240 PMCID: PMC8541743 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-021-00507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Almost 60 years have passed since the initial discovery by Hubel and Wiesel that changes in neuronal activity can elicit developmental rewiring of the central nervous system (CNS). Over this period, we have gained a more comprehensive picture of how both spontaneous neural activity and sensory experience-induced changes in neuronal activity guide CNS circuit development. Here we review activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the mammalian CNS, which we define as the removal of a subset of synapses, while others are maintained, in response to changes in neural activity in the developing nervous system. We discuss the mounting evidence that immune and cell-death molecules are important mechanistic links by which changes in neural activity guide the pruning of specific synapses, emphasizing the role of glial cells in this process. Finally, we discuss how these developmental pruning programmes may go awry in neurodevelopmental disorders of the human CNS, focusing on autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Together, our aim is to give an overview of how the field of activity-dependent pruning research has evolved, led to exciting new questions and guided the identification of new, therapeutically relevant mechanisms that result in aberrant circuit development in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis E Faust
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Gunner
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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41
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Shen Y, Zhang J. Tight Regulation of Major Histocompatibility Complex I for the Spatial and Temporal Expression in the Hippocampal Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:739136. [PMID: 34658795 PMCID: PMC8517433 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.739136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression and function of immune molecules, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), within the developing and adult brain have been discovered over the past few years. Studies utilizing classical class I MHC knockout animals suggest that these molecules, in fact, play essential roles in the establishment, function, and modification of synapses in the CNS. Altered neuronal expression of class I MHC, as has been reported in pathological conditions, leads to aberrations in neuronal development and repair. In the hippocampus, cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate synaptic plasticity have heretofore been extensively studied. It is for this reason that multiple studies directed at better understanding the expression, regulation, and function of class I MHC within the hippocampus have been undertaken. Since several previous reviews have addressed the roles of class I MHC in the formation and function of hippocampal connections, the present review will focus on describing the spatial and temporal expression of class I MHC in developing, healthy adult, and aging hippocampus. Herein, we also review current literatures exploring mechanisms that regulate class I MHC expression in murine hippocampus. With this review, we aim to facilitate a deeper mechanistic understanding into the complex tight regulation of MHC I expression in hippocampus, which are needed as we explore the potential for targeting MHC I for therapeutic intervention in normal aging and in neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianqiong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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42
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Meng HR, Suenaga T, Edamura M, Fukuda A, Ishida Y, Nakahara D, Murakami G. Functional MHCI deficiency induces ADHD-like symptoms with increased dopamine D1 receptor expression. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 97:22-31. [PMID: 34022373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate synaptic development has been proposed as a potential mechanism of neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI), an immunity-associated molecule expressed by neurons in the brain, regulates synaptic development; however, the involvement of MHCI in these disorders remains elusive. We evaluated whether functional MHCI deficiency induced by β2m-/-Tap1-/- double-knockout in mice leads to abnormalities akin to those seen in neurodevelopmental disorders. We found that functional MHCI deficiency induced locomotor hyperactivity, motor impulsivity, and attention deficits, three major symptoms of ADHD. In contrast, these mice showed normal spatial learning, behavioral flexibility, social behavior, and sensorimotor integration. In the analysis of the dopamine system, upregulation of dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) expression in the nucleus accumbens and a greater locomotor response to D1R agonist SKF 81297 were found in the functional MHCI-deficient mice. Low-dose methylphenidate, used for the treatment of ADHD patients, alleviated the three behavioral symptoms and suppressed c-Fos expression in the D1R-expressing medium spiny neurons of the mice. These findings reveal an unexpected role of MHCI in three major symptoms of ADHD and may provide a novel landmark in the pathogenesis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Meng
- Division of Psychology, Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Toshiko Suenaga
- Division of Psychology, Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; School of Psychology, Tokyo University of Social Welfare, Tokyo 114-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Edamura
- Division of Psychology, Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Atsuo Fukuda
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; Advanced Research Facilities and Services, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishida
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-16, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Nakahara
- Division of Psychology, Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; Division of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-16, Japan.
| | - Gen Murakami
- Division of Psychology, Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; Department of Liberal Arts, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
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43
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Arosa FA, Esgalhado AJ, Reste-Ferreira D, Cardoso EM. Open MHC Class I Conformers: A Look through the Looking Glass. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189738. [PMID: 34575902 PMCID: PMC8470049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies carried out during the last few decades have consistently shown that cell surface MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules are endowed with functions unrelated with antigen presentation. These include cis–trans-interactions with inhibitory and activating KIR and LILR, and cis-interactions with receptors for hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. The mounting body of evidence indicates that these non-immunological MHC-I functions impact clinical and biomedical settings, including autoimmune responses, tumor escape, transplantation, and neuronal development. Notably, most of these functions appear to rely on the presence in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells of heavy chains not associated with β2m and the peptide at the plasma membrane; these are known as open MHC-I conformers. Nowadays, open conformers are viewed as functional cis-trans structures capable of establishing physical associations with themselves, with other surface receptors, and being shed into the extracellular milieu. We review past and recent developments, strengthening the view that open conformers are multifunctional structures capable of fine-tuning cell signaling, growth, differentiation, and cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Arosa
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - André J Esgalhado
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Débora Reste-Ferreira
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elsa M Cardoso
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Health School, Guarda Polytechnic Institute, 6300-749 Guarda, Portugal
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44
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Woo E, Sansing LH, Arnsten AFT, Datta D. Chronic Stress Weakens Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortex: Architectural and Molecular Changes. CHRONIC STRESS 2021; 5:24705470211029254. [PMID: 34485797 PMCID: PMC8408896 DOI: 10.1177/24705470211029254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to uncontrollable stress causes loss of spines and dendrites in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a recently evolved brain region that provides top-down regulation of thought, action, and emotion. PFC neurons generate top-down goals through recurrent excitatory connections on spines. This persistent firing is the foundation for higher cognition, including working memory, and abstract thought. However, exposure to acute uncontrollable stress drives high levels of catecholamine release in the PFC, which activates feedforward calcium-cAMP signaling pathways to open nearby potassium channels, rapidly weakening synaptic connectivity to reduce persistent firing. Chronic stress exposures can further exacerbate these signaling events leading to loss of spines and resulting in marked cognitive impairment. In this review, we discuss how stress signaling mechanisms can lead to spine loss, including changes to BDNF-mTORC1 signaling, calcium homeostasis, actin dynamics, and mitochondrial actions that engage glial removal of spines through inflammatory signaling. Stress signaling events may be amplified in PFC spines due to cAMP magnification of internal calcium release. As PFC dendritic spine loss is a feature of many cognitive disorders, understanding how stress affects the structure and function of the PFC will help to inform strategies for treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Woo
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neurology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren H Sansing
- Department of Neurology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amy F T Arnsten
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dibyadeep Datta
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
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45
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Katrinli S, Smith AK. Immune system regulation and role of the human leukocyte antigen in posttraumatic stress disorder. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100366. [PMID: 34355049 PMCID: PMC8322450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that adversely affect mental and physical health. Recent studies have increasingly explored the role of the immune system in risk for PTSD and its related symptoms. Dysregulation of the immune system may lead to central nervous system tissue damage and impair learning and memory processes. Individuals with PTSD often have comorbid inflammatory or auto-immune disorders. Evidence shows associations between PTSD and multiple genes that are involved in immune-related or inflammatory pathways. In this review, we will summarize the evidence of immune dysregulation in PTSD, outlining the contributions of distinct cell types, genes, and biological pathways. We use the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) locus to illustrate the contribution of genetic variation to function in different tissues that contribute to PTSD etiology, severity, and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Katrinli
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
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46
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Ferro A, Auguste YSS, Cheadle L. Microglia, Cytokines, and Neural Activity: Unexpected Interactions in Brain Development and Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:703527. [PMID: 34276699 PMCID: PMC8281303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.703527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular signaling molecules such as cytokines and their receptors enable immune cells to communicate with one another and their surrounding microenvironments. Emerging evidence suggests that the same signaling pathways that regulate inflammatory responses to injury and disease outside of the brain also play powerful roles in brain development, plasticity, and function. These observations raise the question of how the same signaling molecules can play such distinct roles in peripheral tissues compared to the central nervous system, a system previously thought to be largely protected from inflammatory signaling. Here, we review evidence that the specialized roles of immune signaling molecules such as cytokines in the brain are to a large extent shaped by neural activity, a key feature of the brain that reflects active communication between neurons at synapses. We discuss the known mechanisms through which microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, respond to increases and decreases in activity by engaging classical inflammatory signaling cascades to assemble, remodel, and eliminate synapses across the lifespan. We integrate evidence from (1) in vivo imaging studies of microglia-neuron interactions, (2) developmental studies across multiple neural circuits, and (3) molecular studies of activity-dependent gene expression in microglia and neurons to highlight the specific roles of activity in defining immune pathway function in the brain. Given that the repurposing of signaling pathways across different tissues may be an important evolutionary strategy to overcome the limited size of the genome, understanding how cytokine function is established and maintained in the brain could lead to key insights into neurological health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Neuroscience Department, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
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47
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Zalocusky KA, Najm R, Taubes AL, Hao Y, Yoon SY, Koutsodendris N, Nelson MR, Rao A, Bennett DA, Bant J, Amornkul DEJ, Xu Q, An A, Cisne-Thomson O, Huang Y. Neuronal ApoE upregulates MHC-I expression to drive selective neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:786-798. [PMID: 33958804 PMCID: PMC9145692 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selective neurodegeneration is a critical causal factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the mechanisms that lead some neurons to perish, whereas others remain resilient, are unknown. We sought potential drivers of this selective vulnerability using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and discovered that ApoE expression level is a substantial driver of neuronal variability. Strikingly, neuronal expression of ApoE-which has a robust genetic linkage to AD-correlated strongly, on a cell-by-cell basis, with immune response pathways in neurons in the brains of wild-type mice, human ApoE knock-in mice and humans with or without AD. Elimination or over-expression of neuronal ApoE revealed a causal relationship among ApoE expression, neuronal MHC-I expression, tau pathology and neurodegeneration. Functional reduction of MHC-I ameliorated tau pathology in ApoE4-expressing primary neurons and in mouse hippocampi expressing pathological tau. These findings suggest a mechanism linking neuronal ApoE expression to MHC-I expression and, subsequently, to tau pathology and selective neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Zalocusky
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Ramsey Najm
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alice L Taubes
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yanxia Hao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seo Yeon Yoon
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Koutsodendris
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maxine R Nelson
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antara Rao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason Bant
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dah-Eun J Amornkul
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qin Xu
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alice An
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olga Cisne-Thomson
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Peoples N, Strang C. Complement Activation in the Central Nervous System: A Biophysical Model for Immune Dysregulation in the Disease State. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:620090. [PMID: 33746710 PMCID: PMC7969890 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.620090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement, a feature of the innate immune system that targets pathogens for phagocytic clearance and promotes inflammation, is tightly regulated to prevent damage to host tissue. This regulation is paramount in the central nervous system (CNS) since complement proteins degrade neuronal synapses during development, homeostasis, and neurodegeneration. We propose that dysregulated complement, particularly C1 or C3b, may errantly target synapses for immune-mediated clearance, therefore highlighting regulatory failure as a major potential mediator of neurological disease. First, we explore the mechanics of molecular neuroimmune relationships for the regulatory proteins: Complement Receptor 1, C1-Inhibitor, Factor H, and the CUB-sushi multiple domain family. We propose that biophysical and chemical principles offer clues for understanding mechanisms of dysregulation. Second, we describe anticipated effects to CNS disease processes (particularly Alzheimer's Disease) and nest our ideas within existing basic science, clinical, and epidemiological findings. Finally, we illustrate how the concepts presented within this manuscript provoke new ways of approaching age-old neurodegenerative processes. Every component of this model is testable by straightforward experimentation and highlights the untapped potential of complement dysregulation as a driver of CNS disease. This includes a putative role for complement-based neurotherapeutic agents and companion biomarkers.
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Funikov SY, Spasskaya DS, Burov AV, Teterina EV, Ustyugov AA, Karpov VL, Morozov AV. Structures of the Mouse Central Nervous System Contain Different Quantities of Proteasome Gene Transcripts. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320060047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yilmaz M, Yalcin E, Presumey J, Aw E, Ma M, Whelan CW, Stevens B, McCarroll SA, Carroll MC. Overexpression of schizophrenia susceptibility factor human complement C4A promotes excessive synaptic loss and behavioral changes in mice. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:214-224. [PMID: 33353966 PMCID: PMC8086435 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The complement component 4 (C4) gene is linked to schizophrenia and synaptic refinement. In humans, greater expression of C4A in the brain is associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. To investigate this genetic finding and address how C4A shapes brain circuits in vivo, here, we generated a mouse model with primate-lineage-specific isoforms of C4, human C4A and/or C4B. Human C4A bound synapses more efficiently than C4B. C4A (but not C4B) rescued the visual system synaptic refinement deficits of C4 knockout mice. Intriguingly, mice without C4 had normal numbers of cortical synapses, which suggests that complement is not required for normal developmental synaptic pruning. However, overexpressing C4A in mice reduced cortical synapse density, increased microglial engulfment of synapses and altered mouse behavior. These results suggest that increased C4A-mediated synaptic elimination results in abnormal brain circuits and behavior. Understanding pathological overpruning mechanisms has important therapeutic implications in disease conditions such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Yilmaz
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esra Yalcin
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessy Presumey
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ernest Aw
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minghe Ma
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher W Whelan
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Beth Stevens
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A McCarroll
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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