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Huang WH, Hung YW, Hung W, Lan MY, Yeh CF. Murine model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis inducing neuroinflammation and olfactory dysfunction. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:325-339.e3. [PMID: 38494093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition affecting the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, often accompanied by olfactory dysfunction. Eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) is a subtype of CRS characterized by eosinophilic infiltration. Animal models for ECRSwNP with olfactory dysfunction are necessary for exploring potential therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model of ECRSwNP combined with olfactory dysfunction in a shorter time frame using intranasal ovalbumin and Aspergillus protease (AP) administration. The efficacy of the model was validated by evaluating sinonasal inflammation, cytokine levels, olfactory function, and neuroinflammation in the olfactory bulb. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were intranasally administered ovalbumin and AP for 6 and 12 weeks to induce ECRSwNP. The resultant ECRSwNP mouse model underwent histologic assessment, cytokine analysis of nasal lavage fluid, olfactory behavioral tests, and gene expression profiling to identify neuroinflammatory markers within the olfactory bulb. RESULTS The developed mouse model exhibited substantial eosinophil infiltration, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in nasal lavage fluid, and confirmed olfactory dysfunction through behavioral assays. Furthermore, olfactory bulb inflammation and reduced mature olfactory sensory neurons were observed in the model. CONCLUSION This study successfully established a validated mouse model of ECRSwNP with olfactory dysfunction within a remarkably short span of 6 weeks, providing a valuable tool for investigating the pathogenesis and potential therapies for this condition. The model offers an efficient approach for future research in CRS with nasal polyps and olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hung
- Department of Nursing, College of Medical Technology and Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ying Lan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Yeh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Li N, Wang R, Li W, Du Q, Deng Z, Fan Y, Zheng L. Identification of OLA1 as a Novel Protein Target of Vitexin to Ameliorate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis with Tissue Thermal Proteome Profiling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16057-16066. [PMID: 37856434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitexin, which exists in various medicinal plants and food sources, has recently received increasing attention because of its anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to identify the protein target of vitexin that ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The results showed that vitexin not only alleviated the clinical symptoms and colonic damage in mice with DSS-induced colitis but also suppressed the colonic production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM, and VCAM) and enhanced the expression of barrier-associated proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, and E-cadherin). Based on tissue thermal proteome profiling (Tissue-TPP) and molecular docking, OLA1 was creatively identified as a potential protein target for vitexin. Further siRNA-mediated knockdown of the OLA1 gene in Caco-2 cells demonstrated the ability of OLA1 to increase Nrf2 protein expression and, thus, mediated the anti-inflammatory effects of vitexin. Interaction of the OLA1-vitexin complex with Keap1 protein to disrupt the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction may be required for activating Nrf2. Our findings revealed a novel role for OLA1 as a protein target of vitexin that contributes to its anti-inflammatory action by activating Nrf2, which may provide a promising molecular mechanism for novel therapeutic strategies to treat colitis and the associated systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yawei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
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Kaliyamoorthy V, Jacop JP, Thirugnanasambantham K, Ibrahim HIM, Kandhasamy S. The synergic impact of lignin and Lactobacillus plantarum on DSS-induced colitis model via regulating CD44 and miR 199a alliance. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:233. [PMID: 36222901 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic or recurrent immune system activation and inflammation inside the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Due to the lack of safety and efficacy of traditional medications, the use of food supplements for IBD management is on the rise. Numerous studies reported that, certain food supplements have a variety of therapeutic benefits for IBD. In the present study, a mouse model of IBD was used to the anti-colitis effects of lignin supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on intestinal inflammation. The animal model was treated with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), the illness index increased, and colon length and body weight declined, but these effects were reversed when lignin and L. plantarum treated groups. In addition, lignin and L. plantarum supplementation inhibited the DSS induced increase in levels of cytokines TNF-α (250 pg/mL), INF-γ (180 pg/mL), IL-1β (70 pg/mL) and TGF- β (72 pg/mL). Gene and protein expression study revealed that Lignin and L. plantarum supplementation restored the expression of E-cad and suppressed the expression of STAT3 in DSS induced colitis model. Lignin and L. plantarum supplementation also suppressed CD44 expression (1.2 fold) by up regulating the expression of miR199a (1 fold) over DSS induced colitis. Our study suggests that Lactobacillus, lignin, and their synergistic treatments have protective roles against inflammatory bowel disease through changes in inflammatory cytokines, and miR 199a expression in DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Kaliyamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, 603308, India
| | - Justin Packia Jacop
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Josephs' College of Engineering, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600119, India
| | - Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham
- Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, 605004, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Hairul Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences and Educational Trust, Pondicherry, 605004, India.,Biology Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar Kandhasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, 603308, India.
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4
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Lucarini E, Di Pilato V, Parisio C, Micheli L, Toti A, Pacini A, Bartolucci G, Baldi S, Niccolai E, Amedei A, Rossolini GM, Nicoletti C, Cryan JF, O'Mahony SM, Ghelardini C, Di Cesare Mannelli L. Visceral sensitivity modulation by faecal microbiota transplantation: the active role of gut bacteria in pain persistence. Pain 2022; 163:861-877. [PMID: 34393197 PMCID: PMC9009324 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Recent findings linked gastrointestinal disorders characterized by abdominal pain to gut microbiota composition. The present work aimed to evaluate the power of gut microbiota as a visceral pain modulator and, consequently, the relevance of its manipulation as a therapeutic option in reversing postinflammatory visceral pain persistence. Colitis was induced in mice by intrarectally injecting 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS). The effect of faecal microbiota transplantation from viscerally hypersensitive DNBS-treated and naive donors was evaluated in control rats after an antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion. Faecal microbiota transplantation from DNBS donors induced a long-lasting visceral hypersensitivity in control rats. Pain threshold trend correlated with major modifications in the composition of gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids. By contrast, no significant alterations of colon histology, permeability, and monoamines levels were detected. Finally, by manipulating the gut microbiota of DNBS-treated animals, a counteraction of persistent visceral pain was achieved. The present results provide novel insights into the relationship between intestinal microbiota and visceral hypersensitivity, highlighting the therapeutic potential of microbiota-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Nicoletti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhain M. O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Wodzanowski KA, Caplan JL, Kloxin AM, Grimes CL. Multiscale Invasion Assay for Probing Macrophage Response to Gram-Negative Bacteria. Front Chem 2022; 10:842602. [PMID: 35242744 PMCID: PMC8886205 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.842602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is a complex network of various cellular components that must differentiate between pathogenic bacteria and the commensal bacteria of the human microbiome, where misrecognition is linked to inflammatory disorders. Fragments of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan bind to pattern recognition receptors within macrophages, leading to immune activation. To study this complex process, a methodology to remodel and label the bacterial cell wall of two different species of bacteria was established using copper (I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC). Additionally, an approach for three-dimensional (3D) culture of human macrophages and their invasion with relevant bacteria in a well-defined hydrogel-based synthetic matrix inspired by the microenvironment of the gut was established. Workflows were developed for human monocyte encapsulation and differentiation into macrophages in 3D culture with high viability. Bacteria invaded into macrophages permitted in situ peptidoglycan labeling. Macrophages exhibited biologically-relevant cytokine release in response to bacteria. This molecularly engineered, multi-dimensional bacteria-macrophage co-culture system will prove useful in future studies to observe immunostimulatory, bacterial fragment production and localization in the cell at the carbohydrate level for insights into how the immune system properly senses bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey L. Caplan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States,Bioimaging Center, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, DE, United States
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States,*Correspondence: April M. Kloxin, ; Catherine L. Grimes,
| | - Catherine L. Grimes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States,*Correspondence: April M. Kloxin, ; Catherine L. Grimes,
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6
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Yang Y, Zheng X, Wang Y, Tan X, Zou H, Feng S, Zhang H, Zhang Z, He J, Cui B, Zhang X, Wu Z, Dong M, Cheng W, Tao S, Wei H. Human Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reduces the Susceptibility to Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Germ-Free Mouse Colitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836542. [PMID: 35237276 PMCID: PMC8882623 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and has shown certain effects. However, the selection of FMT donors and the mechanism underlying the effect of FMT intervention in IBD require further exploration. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice were used to determine the differences in the protection of colitis symptoms, inflammation, and intestinal barrier, by FMT from two donors. Intriguingly, pre-administration of healthy bacterial fluid significantly relieved the symptoms of colitis compared to the ulcerative colitis (UC) bacteria. In addition, healthy donor (HD) bacteria significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory markers Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and various pro-inflammatory factors, in colitis mice, and increased the secretion of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Metagenomic sequencing indicated higher species diversity and higher abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria in the HD intervention group, including Alistipes putredinis, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacterium Christensenella minuta, and secondary bile acids (SBAs)-producing bacterium Clostridium leptum. In the UC intervention group, the SCFA-producing bacterium Bacteroides stercoris, IBD-related bacterium Ruminococcus gnavus, Enterococcus faecalis, and the conditional pathogen Bacteroides caccae, were more abundant. Metabolomics analysis showed that the two types of FMT significantly modulated the metabolism of DSS-induced mice. Moreover, compared with the UC intervention group, indoleacetic acid and unsaturated fatty acids (DHA, DPA, and EPA) with anti-inflammatory effects were significantly enriched in the HD intervention group. In summary, these results indicate that FMT can alleviate the symptoms of colitis, and the effect of HD intervention is better than that of UC intervention. This study offers new insights into the mechanisms of FMT clinical intervention in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huicong Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuaifei Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeyue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhui He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bota Cui
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaomiao Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyu Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyu Tao, ; Hong Wei,
| | - Hong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyu Tao, ; Hong Wei,
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An Update of Research Animal Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:7479540. [PMID: 34938152 PMCID: PMC8687830 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7479540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders that includes two main disease forms, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. The understanding of the intestinal inflammation occurring in IBD has been immeasurably advanced by the development of the now numerous murine models of intestinal inflammation. The usefulness of this research tool in IBD arises from a convergence of underlying genetic susceptibility, immune system dysfunction, environmental factors, and shifts in gut microbiota. Due to the multifactorial feature of these diseases, different animal models have been used to investigate the underlying mechanisms and develop potential therapeutic strategies. The results of preclinical efficacy studies often inform the progression of therapeutic strategies. This review describes the distinct feature and limitations of each murine IBD model and discusses the previous and current lessons from the IBD models.
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Memon A, Kim BY, Kim SE, Pyao Y, Lee YG, Kang SC, Lee WK. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Phytoncide in an Animal Model of Gastrointestinal Inflammation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071895. [PMID: 33810618 PMCID: PMC8037037 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Phytoncide is known to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Purpose: This study was carried out to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of two types of phytoncide extracts from pinecone waste. Methods: We made two types of animal models to evaluate the efficacy, an indomethacin-induced gastroenteritis rat model and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. Result: In the gastroenteritis experiment, the expression of induced-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a marker for inflammation, decreased in the phytoncide-supplemented groups, and gastric ulcer development was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). In the colitis experiment, the shortening of the colon length and the iNOS expression were significantly suppressed in the phytoncide-supplemented group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Through this study, we confirmed that phytoncide can directly inhibit inflammation in digestive organs. Although further research is needed, we conclude that phytoncide has potential anti-inflammatory properties in the digestive tract and can be developed as a functional agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Memon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (A.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - Bae Yong Kim
- Research Institute, Phylus Co., LTD., Danyang-gun 27000, Korea;
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (S.-e.K.); (Y.-G.L.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Se-eun Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (S.-e.K.); (Y.-G.L.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Yuliya Pyao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (A.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (S.-e.K.); (Y.-G.L.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (S.-e.K.); (Y.-G.L.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Woon Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (A.M.); (Y.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-4607-3871
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9
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Durmus A, Durmus I, Bender O, Karatepe O. The effect of Hericium erinaceum on the prevention of chemically induced experimental colitis in rats. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:S44-S52. [PMID: 32550720 PMCID: PMC8009150 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the Hericium erinaceum on an experimental colitis model. METHODS Twenty-four Wistar albino were included in this study. Rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 8) was sham group. Group 2 is the group of chemically induced by intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) resulting in colitis. Group 3 (n = 8) is the group that was treated 7 days before and 7 days after with H. erinaceum resulting in colitis. The activity of colitis was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically in rats. In other words, nitric oxide (NO) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in addition to the myeloperoxidasem (MPO) activities was determined. RESULTS The rate of TNBS-induced colitis caused to increase the level of MDA activities meaningfully in the colitis group than the control group. The results indicated that MDA (p = 0.001), NO (p = 0.001), IL-6 (p = 0.001), MPO (p = 0.878), TNF-α (p = 0.001), and NF-κB levels of treatment group decreased in the blood and colon tissues because of the H. erinaceum treatment when compared to the colitis group. H. erinaceum treatment was related to the declining of MDA, NF-κB, NO, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. CONCLUSION H. erinaceum had a positive effect on the colitis by reducing oxidative damage in blood and tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Durmus
- Department of Surgery, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilgim Durmus
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence to Ilgim Durmus, Ph.D. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Acibadem University, İçerenköy Mahallesi, Kayışdağı Cd. No. 32, 34752, Ataşehir/Istanbul, Turkey Tel: +90-212-230-2008 Fax: +90-212-230-4949 E-mail:
| | - Omer Bender
- Department of SHMYO (Health Occupation School), Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Karatepe
- Department of SHMYO (Health Occupation School), Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Tyagi RK, Jacobse J, Li J, Allaman MM, Otipoby KL, Sampson ER, Wilson KT, Goettel JA. HLA-Restriction of Human Treg Cells Is Not Required for Therapeutic Efficacy of Low-Dose IL-2 in Humanized Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630204. [PMID: 33717161 PMCID: PMC7945590 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential to maintain immune homeostasis in the intestine and Treg cell dysfunction is associated with several inflammatory and autoimmune disorders including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Efforts using low-dose (LD) interleukin-2 (IL-2) to expand autologous Treg cells show therapeutic efficacy for several inflammatory conditions. Whether LD IL-2 is an effective strategy for treating patients with IBD is unknown. Recently, we demonstrated that LD IL-2 was protective against experimental colitis in immune humanized mice in which human CD4+ T cells were restricted to human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Whether HLA restriction is required for human Treg cells to ameliorate colitis following LD IL-2 therapy has not been demonstrated. Here, we show that treatment with LD IL-2 reduced 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis severity in NOD.PrkdcscidIl2rg-/- (NSG) mice reconstituted with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. These data demonstrate the utility of standard immune humanized NSG mice as a pre-clinical model system to evaluate therapeutics targeting human Treg cells to treat IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K. Tyagi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Justin Jacobse
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Margret M. Allaman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kevin L. Otipoby
- Pandion Therapeutics, Immunology Department, Watertown, MA, United States
| | - Erik R. Sampson
- Pandion Therapeutics, Immunology Department, Watertown, MA, United States
| | - Keith T. Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jeremy A. Goettel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeremy A. Goettel,
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11
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Tan P, Li X, Shen J, Feng Q. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Update. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:574533. [PMID: 33041818 PMCID: PMC7530266 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.574533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has successfully been applied for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), which has led to studies on its application to other gastrointestinal diseases and extraintestinal diseases associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Recently, the results of FMT for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been encouraging. However, studies have not fully clarified the clinical application of this emerging therapy. Here, we aimed to review the current knowledge in this fast-growing field and characterize the effectiveness, safety and mechanisms of FMT for the treatment of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pufang Tan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Kim YS, Zhang H, Lee S, Park S, Noh M, Kim YM, Kwon YG. CU06-1004 Alleviates Experimental Colitis by Modulating Colonic Vessel Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:571266. [PMID: 33041812 PMCID: PMC7523507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.571266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Endothelial dysfunction, defined by a reduced endothelial barrier and an increase in the expression of adhesion molecules, is part of the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we assessed the therapeutic effect of CU06-1004, an endothelial dysfunction blocker that reduces vascular hyperpermeability and inflammation in a mouse model of colitis. Acute colitis was induced in mice using 3% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate added to their drinking water for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the addition of dextran sodium sulfate, either mesalazine or CU06-1004 was administered orally each day. Administration of CU06-1004 significantly reduced the clinical manifestations (weight loss, diarrhea, and bloody stool) and histological changes (epithelium loss, inflammatory cell infiltration, and crypt destruction) induced by dextran sodium sulfate. Proinflammatory cytokines were also reduced, indicating that inflammation was ameliorated. From a vascular perspective, CU06-1004 reduced interrupted and tortuous vessels, enhanced junction protein expression, and reduced inflammatory adhesion molecules, indicating a broad improvement of endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial protection induced epithelial barrier restoration and decreased epithelial inflammation. Blocking endothelial dysfunction with CU06-1004 significantly ameliorated the progression of inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, CU06-1004 may represent a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease as well as other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Seul Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haiying Zhang
- R&D Department, Curacle Co. Ltd, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Sunghye Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Songyi Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minyoung Noh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Dong W, Huang K, Yan Y, Wan P, Peng Y, Zeng X, Cao Y. Long-Term Consumption of 2- O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic Acid from the Fruits of Lycium barbarum Modulates Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6 Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8863-8874. [PMID: 32706586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The modulating effect of 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG), a natural derivative of ascorbic acid from the fruits of Lycium barbarum, on mice gut microbiota was investigated in the present study. It was found that AA-2βG was able to adjust the structure of mice gut microbiota, elevated the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia, Porphyromonadaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae, and meanwhile reduced the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Bdellovibrionaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and Peptococcaceae. Through the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis, the key microbiota that were found to be significantly changed after long-term consumption of AA-2βG were Ruminococcaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Rikenellaceae. In addition, AA-2βG could upregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, promote tight junctions between intestinal cells, facilitate the generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and upregulate the mRNA expression level of SCFAs receptors, indicating that AA-2βG might promote organism health. The results demonstrated that AA-2βG might maintain organism health by modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kaiyin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
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14
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Wodzanowski KA, Cassel SE, Grimes CL, Kloxin AM. Tools for probing host-bacteria interactions in the gut microenvironment: From molecular to cellular levels. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127116. [PMID: 32223923 PMCID: PMC7476074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Healthy function of the gut microenvironment is dependent on complex interactions between the bacteria of the microbiome, epithelial and immune (host) cells, and the surrounding tissue. Misregulation of these interactions is implicated in disease. A range of tools have been developed to study these interactions, from mechanistic studies to therapeutic evaluation. In this Digest, we highlight select tools at the cellular and molecular level for probing specific cell-microenvironment interactions. Approaches are overviewed for controlling and probing cell-cell interactions, from transwell and microfluidic devices to engineered bacterial peptidoglycan fragments, and cell-matrix interactions, from three-dimensional scaffolds to chemical handles for in situ modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha E Cassel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Catherine L Grimes
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States; Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States.
| | - April M Kloxin
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States.
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15
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de Aguiar CF, Castoldi A, Amano MT, Ignacio A, Terra FF, Cruz M, Felizardo RJF, Braga TT, Davanzo GG, Gambarini V, Antonio T, Antiorio ATFB, Hiyane MI, Morais da Fonseca D, Andrade-Oliveira V, Câmara NOS. Fecal IgA Levels and Gut Microbiota Composition Are Regulated by Invariant Natural Killer T Cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:697-708. [PMID: 31819985 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is a key element to support host homeostasis and the development of the immune system. The relationship between the microbiota and immunity is a 2-way road, in which the microbiota contributes to the development/function of immune cells and immunity can affect the composition of microbes. In this context, natural killer T cells (NKT cells) are distinct T lymphocytes that play a role in gut immunity and are influenced by gut microbes. In our work, we investigated the involvement of invariant NKT cells (iNKT) in intestinal homeostasis. RESULTS We found that iNKT-deficient mice (iNKT-KO) had reduced levels of fecal IgA and an altered composition of the gut microbiota, with increased Bacteroidetes. The absence of iNKT cells also affected TGF-β1 levels and plasma cells, which were significantly reduced in knockout (KO) mice. In addition, when submitted to dextran sodium sulfate colitis, iNKT-KO mice had worsening of colitis when compared with wild-type (WT) mice. To further address iNKT cell contribution to intestinal homeostasis, we adoptively transferred iNKT cells to KO mice, and they were submitted to colitis. Transfer of iNKT cells improved colitis and restored fecal IgA levels and gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that intestinal NKT cells are important modulators of intestinal homeostasis and that gut microbiota composition may be a potential target in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhiane Favero de Aguiar
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariane T Amano
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sírio-Libanês de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Ignacio
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandes Terra
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Cruz
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raphael J F Felizardo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Tárcio Teodoro Braga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Gastão Davanzo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Gambarini
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Antonio
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Tada Fonseca Brasil Antiorio
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Meire Ioshie Hiyane
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Morais da Fonseca
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André-SP, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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16
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van der Post S, Jabbar KS, Birchenough G, Arike L, Akhtar N, Sjovall H, Johansson MEV, Hansson GC. Structural weakening of the colonic mucus barrier is an early event in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis. Gut 2019; 68:2142-2151. [PMID: 30914450 PMCID: PMC6872445 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The colonic inner mucus layer protects us from pathogens and commensal-induced inflammation, and has been shown to be defective in active UC. The aim of this study was to determine the underlying compositional alterations, their molecular background and potential contribution to UC pathogenesis. DESIGN In this single-centre case-control study, sigmoid colon biopsies were obtained from patients with UC with ongoing inflammation (n=36) or in remission (n=28), and from 47 patients without colonic disease. Mucus samples were collected from biopsies ex vivo, and their protein composition analysed by nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Mucus penetrability and goblet cell responses to microbial stimulus were assessed in a subset of patients. RESULTS The core mucus proteome was found to consist of a small set of 29 secreted/transmembrane proteins. In active UC, major structural mucus components including the mucin MUC2 (p<0.0001) were reduced, also in non-inflamed segments. Active UC was associated with decreased numbers of sentinel goblet cells and attenuation of the goblet cell secretory response to microbial challenge. Abnormal penetrability of the inner mucus layer was observed in a subset of patients with UC (12/40; 30%). Proteomic alterations in penetrable mucus samples included a reduction of the SLC26A3 apical membrane anion exchanger, which supplies bicarbonate required for colonic mucin barrier formation. CONCLUSION Core mucus structural components were reduced in active UC. These alterations were associated with attenuation of the goblet cell secretory response to microbial challenge, but occurred independent of local inflammation. Thus, mucus abnormalities are likely to contribute to UC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd van der Post
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karolina S Jabbar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Gastroenterology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - George Birchenough
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liisa Arike
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Noreen Akhtar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sjovall
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin E V Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar C Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Huang K, Dong W, Liu W, Yan Y, Wan P, Peng Y, Xu Y, Zeng X, Cao Y. 2- O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic Acid, an Ascorbic Acid Derivative Isolated from the Fruits of Lycium Barbarum L., Modulates Gut Microbiota and Palliates Colitis in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11408-11419. [PMID: 31556290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG), a natural ascorbic acid derivative from the fruits of Lycium barbarum, on treating the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice were investigated. The results revealed that AA-2βG had palliating effects on DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in terms of slowing down the trends of body weight and solid fecal mass loss, reducing colitis disease activity index, improving serum physiological and biochemical indicators, increasing colon length, blocking proinflammatory cytokines, and increasing tight junction proteins. Additionally, AA-2βG treatment could promote the production of short-chain fatty acids and modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. The key bacteria related to IBD were found to be Porphyromonadaceae, Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Parasutterella, Parabacteroides, and Clostridium. The results indicated that AA-2βG might treat IBD through the regulation of gut microbiota, suggesting that AA-2βG has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Wanyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yamei Yan
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center , Yinchuan 750002 , Ningxia , China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yujia Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yujuan Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Youlong Cao
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center , Yinchuan 750002 , Ningxia , China
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18
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Armandi A, Bonetto S, Pellicano R, Caviglia GP, Astegiano M, Saracco GM, Ribaldone DG. Dupilumab to target interleukin 4 for inflammatory bowel disease? Hypothesis based on a translational message. MINERVA BIOTECNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.23736/s1120-4826.19.02556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Burrello C, Giuffrè MR, Macandog AD, Diaz-Basabe A, Cribiù FM, Lopez G, Borgo F, Nezi L, Caprioli F, Vecchi M, Facciotti F. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. Cells 2019; 8:E517. [PMID: 31142049 PMCID: PMC6628315 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. Finally, restoration of a normobiotic core ecology contributed to the resolution of inflammation. Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Burrello
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
| | - Maria Rita Giuffrè
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20135 Milan, Italy; mariarita.giuffre’@ieo.it (M.R.G.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Angeli Dominique Macandog
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Diaz-Basabe
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
| | - Fulvia Milena Cribiù
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20135 Milan, Italy; (F.M.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20135 Milan, Italy; (F.M.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Francesca Borgo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
| | - Luigi Nezi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20135 Milan, Italy; mariarita.giuffre’@ieo.it (M.R.G.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20135 Milan, Italy; mariarita.giuffre’@ieo.it (M.R.G.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.D.-B.); (F.B.); (L.N.)
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20
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Kikuchi Y, Matsuo M, Nabeta C, Akahoshi A, Minami H. Elemental Diet Regulates Intestinal Permeability and Antibody Production in Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Injury Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2019; 65:31-37. [PMID: 30814409 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. Administration of indomethacin (Indo) to rats induces acute mucosal lesions similar to those observed in Crohn's disease patients, but the damage can be prevented by feeding the animals an elemental diet (ED). In this study, we examined changes in intestinal macroscopic appearance, permeability, and immunoglobulin production after administration of Indo to male Sprague-Dawley rats fed normal lab chow or an ED. Intestinal damage was induced by subcutaneous injection of Indo on two successive days. Mucosal permeability, as measured by urinary excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein, peaked on day 2 after Indo injection, whereas the most severe intestinal damage, as scored by macroscopic inflammatory changes, was observed on day 3. Flow cytometric analysis of mesenteric lymph node cells revealed that the proportion of CD45RA+ cells was increased after Indo treatment. Furthermore, in vitro-cultured mesenteric lymph node and spleen lymphocytes from Indo-treated rats produced higher levels of IgA and IgG than did cells from vehicle-treated rats. In contrast, IgG and albumin concentrations in plasma were significantly decreased by Indo administration. Notably, none of the Indo-induced changes was observed in ED-fed rats. These findings suggest that an ED may prevent the appearance of Indo-induced mucosal lesions, at least in part, by modulating intestinal permeability and antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kikuchi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Management, Nagasaki International University.,Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Mariko Matsuo
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Chiaki Nabeta
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Asuka Akahoshi
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Hisanori Minami
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
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21
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Xu J, Liu M, Yu P, Wu L, Lu Y. Effect of recombinant Trichinella spiralis cysteine proteinase inhibitor on TNBS-induced experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 66:28-40. [PMID: 30419451 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a high recurrence rate. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two types of IBD. At present, parasite-derived cysteine protease inhibitors have received extensive attention from researchers, and experiments have confirmed that these protease have an effect on certain autoimmune diseases. So we conducted experiments to investigate the effect of Trichinella spiralis cysteine protease inhibitors on TNBS-induced mouse CD models. In this experiment, 72 male BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: prevention group and therapy group. The mice were sacrificed and harvested on the 7th day after the model was established to measure the changes of various indicators of colitis. The comparison of the TsCystatin + TNBS group with the PBS + TNBS group showed that the DAI score, MPO activity, and colonic macroscopic and microscopic damage significantly reduced, IFN-γ significantly decreased, IL-4 expression increased, and NF-κB expression decreased. The percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and CD8+CD28- Treg in spleen, and the proportion of CD4+/CD8+ Treg cells decreased. In the therapy group, we found no significant difference between the TNBS+PBS group and TNBS + TsCystatin group. Treatment with TsCystatin exerted a good intervention effect on the TNBS-induced mouse CD model. TsCystatin possibly induced a Th2-type immune response in the body, which balanced the Th1-type immune response induced by TNBS administration, thereby relieving colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingxu Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lijia Wu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yixin Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin 150030, China.
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22
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MicroRNA 429 regulates the expression of CHMP5 in the inflammatory colitis and colorectal cancer cells. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:985-996. [PMID: 30334065 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of human diseases by regulating the expression of target genes in specific cells or tissues. In this study, we analyzed the association between the MIR429 and its target gene, charged multivesicular body protein 5 (CHMP5), in human colon cancer cells and in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A luciferase reporter system was used to confirm the effect of MIR429 on CHMP5 expression. Protein or mRNA expression of the target gene and associated molecules were measured by Western blot or quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. Flow cytometry was used to compare cell viability or cell cycle progression. RESULTS CHMP5 mRNA and protein expression was directly down-regulated by MIR429. We found that MIR429 inhibited colon cancer cell growth and cell cycle progression, and CHMP5 was overexpressed in the DSS-induced colitis mouse model and human ulcerative colitis (UC) tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that CHMP5 is a direct target of MIR429 in human colon cancer cell lines and suggest that CHMP5 up-regulation as a result of reduced MIR429 expression in DSS-induced mice colitis tissues and human UC tissues may restrict apoptosis and promote cell proliferation.
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Xu YH, Gao CL, Guo HL, Zhang WQ, Huang W, Tang SS, Gan WJ, Xu Y, Zhou H, Zhu Q. Sodium butyrate supplementation ameliorates diabetic inflammation in db/db mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:231-244. [PMID: 29941502 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxemia has been recognized to be closely accompanied with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is responsible for many diabetic complications. Recent study suggests the potential role of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) from microbiota metabolite, on T2DM. Gut-leak is a key event in diabetic-endotoxemia. To investigate if butyrate could ameliorate diabetic-endotoxemia, both in vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out in the present study. The effect of butyrate supplementation on blood HbA1c and inflammatory cytokines were determined in db/db mice; gut barrier integrity and expression of tight junction proteins were investigated both in vivo and in vitro Oral butyrate administration significantly decreased blood HbA1c, inflammatory cytokines and LPS in db/db mice; inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced, and gut integrity and intercellular adhesion molecules were increased as detected by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. By gut microbiota assay, ratio of Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes for gut microbiota was reduced by butyrate. In Caco-2 cells, butyrate significantly promoted cell proliferation, decreased inflammatory cytokines' secretion, enhanced cell anti-oxidative stress ability and preserved the epithelial monocellular integrity, which was damaged by LPS. The present findings demonstrated that butyrate supplementation could ameliorate diabetic-endotoxemia in db/db mice via restoring composition of gut microbiota and preserving gut epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Hua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Chen-Lin Gao
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng-Li Guo
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Wen-Qian Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Tang
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Wen-Jun Gan
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Faculty of Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineMacau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
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Peiravan A, Bertolini F, Rothschild MF, Simpson KW, Jergens AE, Allenspach K, Werling D. Genome-wide association studies of inflammatory bowel disease in German shepherd dogs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200685. [PMID: 30028859 PMCID: PMC6054420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is considered a multifactorial disease caused by complex interactions between the intestinal immune system, intestinal microbiota and environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Although IBD can affect any breed, German shepherd dogs (GSD) in the UK are at increased risk of developing the disease. Based on previous evidence, the aim of the present study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which may confer genetic susceptibility or resistance to IBD using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Genomic DNA was extracted from EDTA blood or saliva samples of 96 cases and 98 controls. Genotyping of cases and controls was performed on the Canine Illumina HD SNP array and data generated was analyzed using PLINK. Several SNPs and regions on chromosomes 7,9,11 and 13 were detected to be associated with IBD using different SNP-by-SNP association methods and FST windows approach. Searching one Mb up-and down-stream of the most significant SNPs, as identified by single SNP analysis as well as 200Kb before and after the start and the end position of the associated regions identified by FST windows approach, we identified 63 genes. Using a combination of pathways analysis and a list of genes that have been reported to be involved in human IBD, we identified 16 candidate genes potentially associated with IBD in GSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Peiravan
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Max F. Rothschild
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Kenneth W. Simpson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Karin Allenspach
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Dirk Werling
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom
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25
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Das P, Rampal R, Udinia S, Kumar T, Pilli S, Wari N, Ahmed IK, Kedia S, Gupta SD, Kumar D, Ahuja V. Selective M1 macrophage polarization in granuloma-positive and granuloma-negative Crohn's disease, in comparison to intestinal tuberculosis. Intest Res 2018; 16:426-435. [PMID: 30090042 PMCID: PMC6077298 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2018.16.3.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Classical M1 macrophage activation exhibits an inflammatory phenotype while alternative M2 macrophage activation exhibits an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We aimed to determine whether there are discriminant patterns of macrophage polarization in Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (iTB). METHODS Colonic mucosal biopsies from 29 patients with iTB, 50 with CD, and 19 controls were examined. Dual colored immunohistochemistry was performed for iNOS/CD68 (an M1φ marker) and CD163/CD68 (an M2φ marker), and the ratio of M1φ to M2φ was assessed. To establish the innate nature of macrophage polarization, we analyzed the extent of mitochondrial depolarization, a key marker of inflammatory responses, in monocyte-derived macrophages obtained from CD and iTB patients, following interferon-γ treatment. RESULTS M1φ polarization was more prominent in CD biopsies (P=0.002) than in iTB (P=0.2) and control biopsies. In granuloma-positive biopsies, including those in CD, M1φ predominance was significant (P=0.001). In iTB, the densities of M1φ did not differ between granuloma-positive and granuloma-negative biopsies (P=0.1). Interestingly, higher M1φ polarization in CD biopsies correlated with high inflammatory response exhibited by peripheral blood-derived monocytes from these patients. CONCLUSIONS Proinflammatory M1φ polarization was more common in colonic mucosa of CD patients, especially in the presence of mucosal granulomas. Further characterization of the innate immune system could help in clarifying the pathology of iTB and CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Rampal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonakshi Udinia
- Cellular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sucharita Pilli
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nahid Wari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Imtiaz Khan Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Cellular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutritions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Cribiù FM, Burrello C, Ercoli G, Garavaglia F, Villanacci V, Caprioli F, Bosari S, Facciotti F. Implementation of an automated inclusion system for the histological analysis of murine tissue samples: A feasibility study in DSS-induced chronic colitis. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218776883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are powerful tools to expand our understanding of human diseases. Histopathological evaluation of murine experimental models is often required to support further research; thus, a more rigorous evaluation of murine histological samples is strongly advocated. Indeed, the overall quality of tissue sections is critical to draw reliable and accurate conclusions. As several methodological variables may reduce the reliability of the pathological analysis, a standardization of the procedural steps required for the processing of histological murine tissues is advisable. Here, we describe a method to standardize the technical procedure from the initial preparation to the paraffin embedding of murine samples. Specifically, we have implemented an automated inclusion system, that is, the SAKURA Tissue-Tek inclusion instrument, which is routinely used for paraffin inclusion of human samples, to process murine specimens of intestinal inflammation. Colitis severity was assessed in chronically Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)–treated mice by cytofluorimetric analysis of colonic cellular infiltrates, expression of inflammatory genes and histopathological analysis of tissue samples, comparing manual and automated tissue preparation systems. We here conclude that implementation of this technique can significantly increase the quality and the reliability of histopathological examination of murine tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Milena Cribiù
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Burrello
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Ercoli
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Garavaglia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Villanacci
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Spedali Civili, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
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Omori M, Maeda S, Igarashi H, Ohno K, Sakai K, Yonezawa T, Horigome A, Odamaki T, Matsuki N. Fecal microbiome in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal lymphoma. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1840-1847. [PMID: 28993566 PMCID: PMC5709562 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although alteration of commensal microbiota is associated with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs, the microbiota composition in intestinal lymphoma, an important differential
diagnosis of canine IBD, has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to compare the fecal microbiota in dogs with IBD, dogs with intestinal lymphoma, and healthy dogs. Eight dogs with IBD, eight dogs with intestinal
lymphoma, and fifteen healthy dogs were included in the study. Fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing. Rarefaction analysis failed to reveal any difference in bacterial diversity among healthy dogs
and diseased dogs. Based on PCoA plots of unweighted UniFrac distances, the bacterial composition in dogs with intestinal lymphoma was different from those observed in dogs with IBD and healthy dogs. When compared with healthy
dogs, intestinal lymphoma subjects showed significant increases in organisms belonging to the Eubacteriaceae family. The proportion of the family Paraprevotellaceae and the genus Porphyromonas was significantly
higher in dogs with IBD compared to healthy dogs. These observations suggest that dysbiosis is associated with intestinal lymphoma as well as IBD in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Omori
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Igarashi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kosei Sakai
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ayako Horigome
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Naoaki Matsuki
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Mourad FH, Yau Y, Wasinger VC, Leong RW. Proteomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Approach Using Animal Models. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:2266-2276. [PMID: 28717845 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, proteomics studies have provided important information on the role of proteins in health and disease. In the domain of inflammatory bowel disease, proteomics has shed important light on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of inflammation and has contributed to the discovery of some putative clinical biomarkers of disease activity. By being able to obtain a large number of specimens from multiple sites and control for confounding environmental, genetic, and metabolic factors, proteomics studies using animal models of colitis offered an alternative approach to human studies. Our aim is to review the information and lessons acquired so far from the use of proteomics in animal models of colitis. These studies helped understand the importance of different proteins at different stages of the disease and unraveled the different pathways that are activated or inhibited during the inflammatory process. Expressed proteins related to inflammation, cellular structure, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and energy depletion advanced the knowledge about the reaction of intestinal cells to inflammation and repair. The role of mesenteric lymphocytes, exosomes, and the intestinal mucosal barrier was emphasized in the inflammatory process. In addition, studies in animal models revealed mechanisms of the beneficial effects of some therapeutic interventions and foods or food components on intestinal inflammation by monitoring changes in protein expression and paved the way for some new possible inflammatory pathways to target in the future. Advances in proteomics technology will further clarify the interaction between intestinal microbiota and IBD pathogenesis and investigate the gene-environmental axis of IBD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi H Mourad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 113-6044, Hamra, Beirut, 110 32090, Lebanon. .,Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia.
| | - Yunki Yau
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - Valerie C Wasinger
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of NSW Australia, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rupert W Leong
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside used for the treatment of heart failure, was reported to inhibit the retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) and attenuate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and arthritis in mice. However, the effects of digoxin in a mice model of inflammatory bowel disease have not been elucidated. METHODS Colitis was induced in severe combined immunodeficiency mice by adoptive transfer of CD45RB CD4 T cells. Digoxin or a vehicle was injected into mice with colitis intraperitoneally every other day and changes in body weight were evaluated. After 6 to 8 weeks, the treated mice were killed and evaluated for histological score, T-cell subset, and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the colonic tissue. RESULTS Wasting disease and histological damage were significantly attenuated in digoxin-treated mice with colitis compared with those in the vehicle-treated mice. In addition, the mRNAs of Th17-related cytokines were downregulated, whereas those of interleukin-10 were upregulated in the colonic mucosa of digoxin-treated mice. However, unexpectedly, the mRNA expression level of tumor necrosis factor alpha did not decrease in the colonic mucosa of digoxin-treated mice with colitis. This observation suggests that digoxin may ameliorate colitis by a tumor necrosis factor alpha-independent pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown for the first time that treatment with digoxin can ameliorate murine experimental colitis. This finding suggests that the suppression of Th17 using reagents such as digoxin could be effective in treating Crohn's disease refractory to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy.
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Park JS, Joe I, Rhee PD, Jeong CS, Jeong G. A lactic acid bacterium isolated from kimchi ameliorates intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. J Microbiol 2017; 55:304-310. [PMID: 28124779 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-017-6447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Some species of lactic acid bacteria have been shown to be beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present study, a strain of lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus paracasei LS2) was isolated from the Korean food, kimchi, and was shown to inhibit the development of experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). To investigate the role of LS2 in IBD, mice were fed DSS in drinking water for seven days along with LS2 bacteria which were administered intragastrically to some of the mice, while phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered to others (the controls). The administration of LS2 reduced body weight loss and increased survival, and disease activity indexes (DAI) and histological scores indicated that the severity of colitis was significantly reduced. The production of inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity also decreased. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the number of Th1 (IFN-γ) population cells was significantly reduced in the LS2-administered mice compared with the controls. The administration of LS2 induced the increase of CD4+FOXP3+ Treg cells, which are responsible for IL-10. Numbers of macrophages (CD11b+ F4/80+), and neutrophils (CD11b+ Gr-1+) among lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) were also reduced. These results indicate that LS2 has an anti-inflammatory effect and ameliorates DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Soo Park
- Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Joe
- Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering, Needham, MA, USA
| | - Paul Dong Rhee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Soo Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gajin Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Robbins L, Zaghiyan K, Melmed G, Vasiliauskas E, Ahmed S, McGovern D, Rabizadeh S, Singh N, Landers C, Ippoliti A, Shih D, Targan S, Fleshner P. Outcomes with Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha Therapy and Serology in Patients with Denovo Crohn's Disease After Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:77-83. [PMID: 27466172 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A subset of patients who undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA] for ulcerative colitis [UC] will later be diagnosed with denovo Crohn's disease [CD]. These patients have a higher risk of pouch failure. In this study we evaluated inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] serology in patients with denovo CD and examined the success of anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha [anti-TNFα] therapy in preventing ileostomy in denovo CD patients who failed anti-TNFα therapy before IPAA. METHODS A prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing IPAA was reviewed to identify patients who developed denovo CD [defined as small bowel inflammation above the pouch inlet or pouch fistula/perianal disease appearing more than 3 months after stoma closure]. Clinical characteristics and IBD serology were analysed. Treatment failure was defined as pouch failure requiring ileostomy or pouchectomy. RESULTS Of 350 patients included in the study, 92 [26%] patients developed denovo CD. Significantly more denovo CD patients had anti-I2 positivity postoperatively versus preoperatively [p = 0.007]. Anti-TNFα therapy successfully treated denovo CD in 28 out of 38 [74%] patients. Out of 17 patients with denovo CD who had failed to respond to anti-TNFα agents before surgery and were treated with anti-TNFα therapy after surgery, 12 [71%] patients responded to treatment. CONCLUSIONS I2 serology may possibly help identify patients who have developed or are at risk for developing denovo CD. Anti-TNFα therapy for denovo CD after IPAA can help prevent permanent ileostomy in almost 75% of cases, even in patients who previously failed anti-TNFα treatment before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Robbins
- Departments of Medicine, Colon and Rectal Surgery
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shervin Rabizadeh
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Namita Singh
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ménard S, Laharie D, Asensio C, Vidal-Martinez T, Candalh C, Rullier A, Zerbib F, Mégraud F, Matysiak-Budnik T, Heyman M. Bifidobacterium breve and Streptococcus thermophilus Secretion Products Enhance T Helper 1 Immune Response and Intestinal Barrier in Mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 230:749-56. [PMID: 16246902 DOI: 10.1177/153537020523001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria or their secretion products can modulate immune responses differently in normal and inflammatory conditions. This comparative study analyzes the effect of oral administration of living lactic acid bacteria, or their conditioned media, on the epithelial and immune functions of colitis-prone C57BL/6 IL-10-deficient mice. Mice were untreated (control) or infected with Helicobacter hepaticus with or without oral treatment with living bacteria, Bifidobacterium breve C50 and Streptococcus thermophilus 065 (LB), or their culture-conditioned media (CM). Histology, cytokine mRNA, electrical resistance, and barrier capacity of colonic samples as well as cytokine secretion by mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells were studied. Helicobacter hepaticus mice developed only mild colitis, which was not modified in LB or CM groups. In the CM (but not the LB) group, the colonic barrier was reinforced as compared to the other groups, as evidenced by decreased horseradish peroxidase (HRP) transcytosis and mannitol fluxes and increased electrical resistance. In MLN, the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IFNγ was significantly higher in CM (2.06% and 1.98%, respectively) mice than in H. hepaticus (1–1% and 0.47%, P < 0.05) or control mice. In addition, the nonspecific stimulation of IFNγ, TNFΑ, and IL-12 secretion by MLN cells was significantly higher in the CM group as compared to the other groups. In the absence of severe colitis, Bifidobacterium breve C50- and Streptococcus thermophilus 065-conditioned media can reinforce intestinal barrier capacity and stimulate Th1 immune response, highlighting the involvement of lactic acid bacteria–derived components in host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Ménard
- INSERM EMI 0212, Faculté Cochin Necker, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75730 Paris, France
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Fiebiger U, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Dissecting the Interplay Between Intestinal Microbiota and Host Immunity in Health and Disease: Lessons Learned from Germfree and Gnotobiotic Animal Models. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2016; 6:253-271. [PMID: 27980855 PMCID: PMC5146645 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2016.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review elaborates the development of germfree and gnotobiotic animal models and their application in the scientific field to unravel mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions and distinct diseases. Strictly germfree animals are raised in isolators and not colonized by any organism at all. The germfree state is continuously maintained by birth, raising, housing and breeding under strict sterile conditions. However, isolator raised germfree mice are exposed to a stressful environment and exert an underdeveloped immune system. To circumvent these physiological disadvantages depletion of the bacterial microbiota in conventionally raised and housed mice by antibiotic treatment has become an alternative approach. While fungi and parasites are not affected by antibiosis, the bacterial microbiota in these "secondary abiotic mice" have been shown to be virtually eradicated. Recolonization of isolator raised germfree animals or secondary abiotic mice results in a gnotobiotic state. Both, germfree and gnotobiotic mice have been successfully used to investigate biological functions of the conventional microbiota in health and disease. Particularly for the development of novel clinical applications germfree mice are widely used tools, as summarized in this review further focusing on the modulation of bacterial microbiota in laboratory mice to better mimic conditions in the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin
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Guo H, Xu Y, Huang W, Zhou H, Zheng Z, Zhao Y, He B, Zhu T, Tang S, Zhu Q. Kuwanon G Preserves LPS-Induced Disruption of Gut Epithelial Barrier In Vitro. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111597. [PMID: 27879681 PMCID: PMC6272946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the gut epithelial barrier have now been recognized to be responsible for diabetic endotoxemia. In everyday life, Mulberry leaf tea is widely used in Asian nations due to its proposed benefits to health and control of diabetes. Evidence indicates the potential role of Kuwanon G (KWG), a component from Morus alba L., on blocking the gut epithelial barrier. In lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-damaged Caco-2 cells, it was found that KWG increased the viability of cells in a concentration-dependent manner. KWG administration significantly elevated the anti-oxidant abilities via increasing ratio of superoxidase dismutase (SOD)/malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells. During KWG incubation, pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were significantly reduced, tight junction proteins including zonula occludens (ZO)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and Occludin were dramatically increased as detected by immunofluorescence assay, trans-epithelial electrical resistance was significantly increased and the transmission of albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) across the barrier was decreased. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that KWG could ameliorate LPS-induced disruption of the gut epithelial barrier by increasing cell viability and tight junction between cells, and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengli Guo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 640000, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Zhaoguang Zheng
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou 510760, China.
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Bao He
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou 510760, China.
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 640000, China.
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Quan Zhu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou 510760, China.
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Tahir AH, Wan J, Shah MK, Janyaro H, Li XJ, Ding MX. A novel model for studying ileitis-induced visceral hypersensitivity in goats. Acta Vet Scand 2016; 58:72. [PMID: 27716368 PMCID: PMC5052972 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-016-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral hypersensitivity (VH) is a common condition in many gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in human and animals. Most studies often induce Crohn's disease/colitis to investigate VH in small experimental animals. Although farm animals commonly suffer from IBDs, their VH has not been investigated so far. Because goats can suffer from Johne's disease, a naturally occurring Crohn's-like disease, they may be suitable to be used for studying the mechanism underlying VH in common intestinal disorders of large animals. In the present study, 60 healthy goats of either sex were equally divided into a 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) group and saline group. A volume of 1.2 ml of TNBS-ethanol solution (30 mg TNBS in 40 % ethanol) or an equal volume of isotonic saline was injected into the wall of the terminal ileum through laparotomy. The severity of the developing ileitis was determined according to macro- and microscopic pathologic scores and the levels of myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and VH was evaluated with visceromotor responses (VMR) to colorectal distension on days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. VMRs were assessed with a continuous ramp distention mode with 6 s for each pressure (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mmHg). RESULTS Compared to the saline group, the TNBS-treated goats showed apparent transmural pathological changes and a significant increase (P < 0.05) in macroscopic and microscopic change scores, and levels of myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ileum, and VMR to colorectal distension. The goats exhibited apparent ileitis at days 3 to 21, and VH at days 7 to 28 following TNBS treatment. CONCLUSION This experiment successfully established a reproducible ileitis and VH with administration of TNBS-ethanol solution in the ileal wall of goats. This model is useful for studying the pathogenesis of the IBD and the mechanism underlying VH, and for evaluating the efficacy of new therapeutic regimens.
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Anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil and its main compound estragole: In vivo mouse models. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 257:14-25. [PMID: 27474066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ocimum are used in cooking, however, their essential oils are utilized in traditional medicine as aromatherapy. The present study was carried out to investigate the chemical composition and systemic anti-inflammatory activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil (EOOB) and its major component estragole, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. The Ocimum basilicum essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory action was verified using acute and chronic in vivo tests as paw edema, peritonitis, and vascular permeability and granulomatous inflammation model. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of action was analyzed by the participation of histamine and arachidonic acid pathways. The chemical profile analysis identified fourteen components present in the essential oil, within them: estragole (60.96%). The in vivo test results show that treatment with EOOB (100 and 50 mg/kg) and estragole (60 and 30 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The smallest doses of EOOB (50 mg/kg) and estragole (30 mg/kg) showed efficacy in the reduction of paw edema induced by histamine and arachidonic acid, vascular permeability inhibition and leukocyte emigration in the peritoneal fluid. Theses doses were capable of reducing the chronic inflammatory process. The results observed between the EOOB and estragole demonstrate efficacy in anti-inflammatory activity, however, the essential oil is more efficacious in the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory action. This study confirms the therapeutic potential of this plant and reinforces the validity of its use in popular medicine.
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Mo JS, Alam KJ, Kim HS, Lee YM, Yun KJ, Chae SC. MicroRNA 429 Regulates Mucin Gene Expression and Secretion in Murine Model of Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2016; 10:837-49. [PMID: 26818658 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the pathogenesis of human diseases by regulating target gene expression in specific cells or tissues. We aimed to detect miRNAs related to ulcerative colitis [UC], identify their target molecules, and analyse the correlation between the miRNAs and their target genes in colorectal cells and dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced mouse colitis. METHODS UC-associated miRNAs were identified by miRNA microarray analysis using DSS-induced colitis and normal colon tissues. The results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]. We identified target genes of MIR429, a colitis-associated miRNA, from our screen by comparing the mRNA microarray analysis in MIR429-overexpressed cells with predicted candidate target genes. We constructed luciferase reporter plasmids to confirm the effect of MIR429 on target gene expression. The protein expression of the target genes was measured by western blot,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] analysis, or immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We identified 37 DSS-induced colitis associated miRNAs. We investigated MIR429 that is down-regulated in DSS-induced colitis, and identified 41 target genes of MIR429. We show that the myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate [MARCKS] is a direct target of MIR429. MARCKS mRNA and protein expression levels are down-regulated by MIR429, and MIR429 regulates the expression of MARCKS and MARCKS-mediated mucin secretion in colorectal cells and DSS-induced colitis. In addition, anti-MIR429 up-regulates MARCKS expression in colorectal cell lines. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that MIR429 modulates mucin secretion in human colorectal cells and mouse colitis tissues by up-regulating of MARCKS expression, thereby making MIR429 a candidate for anti-colitis therapy in human UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Su Mo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Khondoker Jahengir Alam
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Soo Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Yun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Cheon Chae
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Chen C, Liu W, Wang L, Li J, Chen Y, Jin J, Kawan A, Zhang X. Pathological damage and immunomodulatory effects of zebrafish exposed to microcystin-LR. Toxicon 2016; 118:13-20. [PMID: 27085306 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms caused by water eutrophication have become a worldwide problem. Microcystins (MCs), especially microcystin-LR (MC-LR), released during cyanobacterial blooms exert great toxicity on fish and even lead to massive death. The present study mainly investigated the pathological damage and immune response of spleen, gut and gill in zebrafish exposed to MC-LR. Fish were exposed to 0, 1, 5 and 20 μg/L of MC-LR for 30 d. In zebrafish exposed to 5 and 20 μg/L MC-LR, edematous mitochondria, deformation of the nucleus and compaction of chromatin were observed in lymphocyte of spleen; frayed gut villi, exfoliation of epithelial cells and widespread cell lyses were observed in intestines; hyperemia in gill lamellae, epithelial tissue edema and uplift and lamellar fusion were observed in gill. Varied changed gene expression was observed in spleen, intestine and gill of zebrafish. The transcriptional levels of IFN-1 and IL-8 in spleen significantly up-regulated in 20 μg/L group, and the transcription of IL-1β and TNFα in spleen increased in 1 μg/L MC-LR treated fish. In addition, the mRNA levels of IFN-1, IL-1β, IL-8, TGF-β and TNF-α dramatically increased in intestine and gill in all MC-LR treated groups. The present studies indicated that MC-LR exposure caused marked pathological damage, however, fish could adjust actively the expression of innate immune-related genes to resist the tissue damage. Our findings provided strong evidence of the recovery potential of fish exposed to microcystins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyue Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Wanjing Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jienan Jin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Atufa Kawan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xuezhen Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Vezza T, Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Utrilla MP, Rodriguez-Cabezas ME, Galvez J. Flavonoids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review. Nutrients 2016; 8:211. [PMID: 27070642 PMCID: PMC4848680 DOI: 10.3390/nu8040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine that compromises the patients’ life quality and requires sustained pharmacological and surgical treatments. Since their etiology is not completely understood, non-fully-efficient drugs have been developed and those that have shown effectiveness are not devoid of quite important adverse effects that impair their long-term use. In this regard, a growing body of evidence confirms the health benefits of flavonoids. Flavonoids are compounds with low molecular weight that are widely distributed throughout the vegetable kingdom, including in edible plants. They may be of great utility in conditions of acute or chronic intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms including protection against oxidative stress, and preservation of epithelial barrier function and immunomodulatory properties in the gut. In this review we have revised the main flavonoid classes that have been assessed in different experimental models of colitis as well as the proposed mechanisms that support their beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vezza
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Francesca Algieri
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Pilar Utrilla
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Julio Galvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n 18016-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Hagenlocher Y, Hösel A, Bischoff SC, Lorentz A. Cinnamon extract reduces symptoms, inflammatory mediators and mast cell markers in murine IL-10−/− colitis. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 30:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Miyoshi E, Shinzaki S, Fujii H, Iijima H, Kamada Y, Takehara T. Role of aberrant IgG glycosylation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:384-90. [PMID: 26427763 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is one of the most important organs associated with the immune system. It is thought that disruption of intestinal immunity causes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent advances in immune glycobiology have provided novel insights into many human diseases. For example, studies of glycosylation remodeling in mice have underscored the importance of oligosaccharides in the pathogenesis of IBD. Furthermore, aberrant glycosylation of IgG is a good serum marker of IBD activity. In this review, we examine current understanding of the role of aberrant glycosylation in the pathogenesis of IBD in terms of our original data and recent reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shinzaki
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hironobu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Yamada A, Arakaki R, Saito M, Tsunematsu T, Kudo Y, Ishimaru N. Role of regulatory T cell in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2195-205. [PMID: 26900284 PMCID: PMC4734996 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i7.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play key roles in various immune responses. For example, Treg cells contribute to the complex pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis during onset or development of that disease. Many animal models of IBD have been used to investigate factors such as pathogenic cytokines, pathogenic bacteria, and T-cell functions, including those of Treg cells. In addition, analyses of patients with IBD facilitate our understanding of the precise mechanism of IBD. This review article focuses on the role of Treg cells and outlines the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of IBD based on previous reports.
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Laranjeira N, Fonseca J, Meira T, Freitas J, Valido S, Leitão J. Oral mucosa lesions and oral symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease patients. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2016; 52:105-10. [PMID: 26039827 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032015000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory Bowel Disease is known for its extra intestinal manifestations, the oral cavity is no exception. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and oral mucosa lesions and symptoms, and complementary to evaluate their possible relation with oral hygiene, smoking habits, drug therapy, duration and activity of the disease. METHODS Patients were selected from the Gastroenterology Clinic of a Portuguese tertiary referral hospital. This sample consisted of 113 patients previously diagnosed with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease along with a control group of 58 healthy individuals that were accompanying the study group patients to their appointments. Clinical interviews and clinical examinations were performed for data collection. RESULTS The patients in the study group were more affected by oral symptoms (P=0.011), and showed a trend towards a higher incidence of oral mucosal lesions, even though statistical significance was not reached (8.8% versus 3.4% in the control group; P=0.159). Patients in active phase were the most affected. No differences were detected between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, or concerning smoking habits. The corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy seemed to increase the incidence of oral symptoms (P=0.052). The oral mucosa lesions increased and the oral symptoms decreased over the course of the disease, however without statistical significance. CONCLUSION Oral mucosa's lesions and oral symptoms were positively associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, mainly during disease activity periods and conceivably, associated with corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Laranjeira
- Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, CiiEM, Egas Moniz Health Science Institute, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Jorge Fonseca
- Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, CiiEM, Egas Moniz Health Science Institute, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Tânia Meira
- Gastroenterology Service, Garcia de Orta Hospital, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - João Freitas
- Gastroenterology Service, Garcia de Orta Hospital, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Sara Valido
- Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center, CiiEM, Egas Moniz Health Science Institute, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leitão
- Institute of Health Sciences, Portuguese Catholic University, Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, result from the uncontrolled inflammation that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals and the dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The response of these immune systems to luminal gut microbiota and their products results in altered intestinal permeability, loss of barrier function, and mucosal inflammation and ulceration. Animal models of experiment intestinal inflammation have been developed that leverage the development of spontaneous inflammation in certain mouse strains, e.g. Samp1/Yit mice, or induction of inflammation using gene-targeting e.g. IL-10 null mice, administration of exogenous agents e.g. DSS, or adoptive transfer of T-cells into immunodeficient mice, e.g. CD4(+) CD45Rb(Hi) T-cell transfer. Colitis induced by rectal instillation of the haptenizing agent, 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, is one of the most commonly used and well-characterized models of Crohn's disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Kuemmerle
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Molecular Medicine Research Building 5-031, P.O. Box 980341, Richmond, VA, 23298-0341, USA.
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45
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Sreedhar R, Arumugam S, Thandavarayan RA, Giridharan VV, Karuppagounder V, Pitchaimani V, Afrin R, Harima M, Nakamura T, Ueno K, Nakamura M, Suzuki K, Watanabe K. Toki-shakuyaku-san, a Japanese kampo medicine, reduces colon inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:869-875. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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46
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Investigation of genetic susceptibility to nonspecific digestive disorder between TYK2, JAK1, and STAT3 genes in rabbits. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Shin JY, Yoon IH, Lim JH, Shin JS, Nam HY, Kim YH, Cho HS, Hong SH, Kim JS, Lee WW, Park CG. CD4+VEGFR1(HIGH) T cell as a novel Treg subset regulates inflammatory bowel disease in lymphopenic mice. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 12:592-603. [PMID: 26211666 PMCID: PMC4579660 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that control the immune response and thereby maintain immune system homeostasis and tolerance to self-antigens. Many subsets of CD4(+) Tregs have been identified, including Foxp3(+), Tr1, Th3, and Foxp3neg iT(R)35 cells. In this study, we identified a new subset of CD4(+)VEGFR1(high) Tregs that have immunosuppressive capacity. CD4(+)VEGFR1high T cells, which constitute approximately 1.0% of CD4(+) T cells, are hyporesponsive to T-cell antigen receptor stimulation. Surface marker and FoxP3 expression analysis revealed that CD4(+)VEGFR1(high) T cells are distinct from known Tregs. CD4(+)VEGFR1(high) T cells suppressed the proliferation of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cell as efficiently as CD4(+)CD25(high) natural Tregs in a contact-independent manner. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of CD4(+)VEGFR1(+) T cells from wild type to RAG-2-deficient C57BL/6 mice inhibited effector T-cell-mediated inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, we report CD4(+) VEGFR1(high) T cells as a novel subset of Tregs that regulate the inflammatory response in the intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Il-Hee Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hyung Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Seop Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Soo Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sik Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chung-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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48
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Secretory Products of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae and Immunomodulation: Implication for Autoimmune Diseases, Allergies, and Malignancies. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:523875. [PMID: 26114122 PMCID: PMC4465845 DOI: 10.1155/2015/523875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis has the unique ability to make itself "at home" by creating and hiding in a new type of cell in the host body that is the nurse cell. From this immunologically privileged place, the parasite orchestrates a long-lasting molecular cross talk with the host through muscle larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1). Those products can successfully modulate parasite-specific immune responses as well as responses to unrelated antigens (either self or nonself in origin), providing an anti-inflammatory milieu and maintaining homeostasis. It is clear, based on the findings from animal model studies, that T. spiralis and its products induce an immunomodulatory network (which encompasses Th2- and Treg-type responses) that may allow the host to deal with various hyperimmune-associated disorders as well as tumor growth, although the latter still remains unclear. This review focuses on studies of the molecules released by T. spiralis, their interaction with pattern recognition receptors on antigen presenting cells, and subsequently provoked responses. This paper also addresses the immunomodulatory properties of ES L1 molecules and how the induced immunomodulation influences the course of different experimental inflammatory and malignant diseases.
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49
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Kim SJ, Goldstein J, Dorso K, Merad M, Mayer L, Crawford JM, Gregersen PK, Diamond B. Expression of Blimp-1 in dendritic cells modulates the innate inflammatory response in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Mol Med 2015; 20:707-19. [PMID: 25826676 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism of PRDM1, the gene encoding Blimp-1, is strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we demonstrate that Blimp-1 in CD103(+) dendritic cells (DCs) critically contributes to the regulation of macrophage homeostasis in the colon. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-exposed Blimp-1(cko) mice with a deletion of Blimp-1 in CD103(+) DCs and CD11c(hi) macrophages exhibited severe inflammatory symptoms, pronounced weight loss, high mortality, robust infiltration of neutrophils in epithelial regions of the colon, an increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and a significant decrease in CD103(+) DCs in the colon compared with DSS exposed wild-type (WT) mice. Purified colonic macrophages from Blimp-1(cko) mice expressed increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase 8, 9 and 12 mRNA. WT macrophages cocultured with colonic DCs but not bone marrow-derived DCs from Blimp-1(cko) produced increased matrix metalloproteinases in an interleukin (IL)-1β- and IL-6-dependent manner. Treatment of Blimp-1(cko) mice with anti-IL-1β and anti-IL-6 abrogated the exaggerated clinical response. Overall, these data demonstrate that Blimp-1 expression in DCs can alter an innate inflammatory response by modulating the activation of myeloid cells. This is a novel mechanism of contribution of Blimp-1 for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, implicating another therapeutic target for the development of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jung Kim
- The Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, United States of America
| | - Jordan Goldstein
- The Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Dorso
- The Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Miriam Merad
- The Human Immunology Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lloyd Mayer
- The Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (deceased), New York, New York, United States of America
| | - James M Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, United States of America.,Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Betty Diamond
- The Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, United States of America
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50
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Gonsky R, Deem RL, Landers CJ, Haritunians T, Yang S, Targan SR. IFNG rs1861494 polymorphism is associated with IBD disease severity and functional changes in both IFNG methylation and protein secretion. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:1794-801. [PMID: 25171510 PMCID: PMC4327845 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal expression of interferon (IFN)-γ plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD risk regions flank IFNG. The conserved IFNG rs1861494 T/C introduces a new CpG methylation site, is associated with disease severity and lack of therapeutic response in other infectious and immune-mediated disorders, and is in linkage disequilibrium with a ulcerative colitis (UC) disease severity region. It seems likely that CpG-altering single nucleotide polymorphisms modify methylation and gene expression. This study evaluated the association between rs1861494 and clinical, serologic, and methylation patterns in patients with IBD. METHODS Peripheral T cells of UC and Crohn's disease (CD) patients were genotyped for rs1861494 and analyzed for allele-specific and IFNG promoter methylation. Serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and IFN-γ secretion were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nucleoprotein complex formation by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS IFNG rs1861494 T allele carriage in patients with IBD was associated with enhanced secretion of IFN-γ. T allele carriage was associated in UC with high levels of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and faster progression to colectomy. In CD, it was associated with complicated disease involving a stricturing/penetrating phenotype. Likewise, IFNG rs1861494 displayed genotype-specific modulation of DNA methylation and transcription factor complex formation. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the first association of IFNG rs1861494 T allele with enhanced IFN-γ secretion and known IBD clinical parameters indicative of more aggressive disease and serological markers associated with treatment resistance to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients with IBD. These data may be useful prognostically as predictors of early response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy to identify patients with IBD for improved personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivkah Gonsky
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
| | - Richard L Deem
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
| | - Carol J Landers
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
| | - Talin Haritunians
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
| | - Shaohong Yang
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
| | - Stephan R Targan
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048 USA
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