1
|
Song X, Li C, Qiu Z, Wang C, Zeng Q. Ecotoxicological effects of polyethylene microplastics and lead (Pb) on the biomass, activity, and community diversity of soil microbes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119012. [PMID: 38704010 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics and heavy metals are ubiquitous and persistent contaminants that are widely distributed worldwide, yet little is known about the effects of their interaction on soil ecosystems. A soil incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the individual and combined effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) and lead (Pb) on soil enzymatic activities, microbial biomass, respiration rate, and community diversity. The results indicate that the presence of PE-MPs notably reduced soil pH and elevated soil Pb bioavailability, potentially exacerbated the combined toxicity on the biogeochemical cycles of soil nutrients, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and the activities of soil urease, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase. Soil CO2 emissions increased by 7.9% with PE-MPs alone, decreased by 46.3% with single Pb, and reduced by 69.4% with PE-MPs and Pb co-exposure, compared to uncontaminated soils. Specifically, the presence of PE-MPs and Pb, individually and in combination, facilitated the soil metabolic quotient, leading to reduced microbial metabolic efficiency. Moreover, the addition of Pb and PE-MPs modified the composition of the microbial community, leading to the enrichment of specific taxa. Tax4Fun analysis showed the effects of Pb, PE-MPs and their combination on the biogeochemical processes and ecological functions of microbes were mainly by altering amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, and signal transduction. These findings offer valuable insights into the ecotoxicological effects of combined PE-MPs and Pb on soil microbial dynamics, reveals key assembly mechanisms and environmental drivers, and highlights the potential threat of MPs and heavy metals to the multifunctionality of soil ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- School of Environment Science & Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Zhennan Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China
| | - Chenghui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China
| | - Qiangcheng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma S, Hu Y, Nan Z, Zhao C, Zang F, Zhao C. Recalcification stabilizes cadmium but magnifies phosphorus limitation in wastewater-irrigated calcareous soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118920. [PMID: 38657849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Long-term wastewater irrigation leads to the loss of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the tillage layer of calcareous land, which irreversibly damages the soil's ability to retain cadmium (Cd). In this study, we selected calcareous agricultural soil irrigated with wastewater for over 50 years to examine the recalcification effects of sugar beet factory lime (SBFL) at doses of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. We found that SBFL promoted Cd transformation in the soil from active exchangeable species to more stable carbonate-bonded and residual species, which the X-ray diffraction patterns also confirmed results that CdSO4 reduced while CdS and CaCdCO3 increased. Correspondingly, the soil bioavailable Cd concentration was significantly reduced by 65.6-84.7%. The Cd concentrations in maize roots and shoots were significantly reduced by 11.7-50.6% and 13.0-70.0%, respectively, thereby promoting maize growth. Nevertheless, SBFL also increased the proportion of plant-unavailable phosphorus (P) in Ca8-P and Ca10-P by 4.3-13.0% and 10.7-25.9%, respectively, reducing the plant-available P (Olsen P) content by 5.2-22.1%. Consequently, soil P-acquiring associated enzyme (alkaline phosphatase) activity and microbial (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteria) community abundance significantly increased. Our findings showed that adding SBFL to wastewater-irrigated calcareous soil stabilized Cd, but exacerbated P limitation. Therefore, it is necessary to alleviate P limitations in the practice of recalcifying degraded calcareous land.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjin Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems and Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Observation Station of Subalpine Ecology Systems in the Middle Qilian Mountains, Zhangye, 734000, China
| | - Yahu Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems and Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Zhongren Nan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems and Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Cuicui Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems and Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fei Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Observation Station of Subalpine Ecology Systems in the Middle Qilian Mountains, Zhangye, 734000, China
| | - Chuanyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Observation Station of Subalpine Ecology Systems in the Middle Qilian Mountains, Zhangye, 734000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren K, Yang X, Li J, Jin H, Gu K, Chen Y, Liu M, Luo Y, Jiang Y. Alleviating the adverse effects of Cd-Pb contamination through the application of silicon fertilizer: Enhancing soil microbial diversity and mitigating heavy metal contamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141414. [PMID: 38336042 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of silicon fertilizer (SF) as a means of remediating cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) pollution has proven to be beneficial. However, the mechanism via which SF enhances soil quality and crop productivity under Cd- and Pb-contaminated soil (S) remains unclear. This study investigated the impacts of chemical fertilizer, mineral SF (MSF), and organic SF (OSF) on microbial community structure, activity of nutrient acquisition enzymes, and growth of tobacco in the presence of S condition. SF significantly reduced the contents of Cd and Pb in soil under S condition by 6.92-42.43% and increased plant height and leaf area by 15.27-81.77%. Moreover, the use of SF was observed to increase the efficiency of soil carbon and phosphorus cycling under S condition by 6.88-23.08%. Concurrently, SF was found to play a crucial role in facilitating the establishment of a complex, efficient, and interdependent molecular ecological network among soil microorganisms. In this context, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota were observed to be integral components of this network. SF was found to have a substantial positive impact on the metabolic functions and organismal systems of soil microorganisms. Moreover, the combined utilization of the Mantel test and partial least squares path model provided empirical evidence supporting the assertion that the administration of SF had a positive impact on both soil nutrient acquisition enzyme activity and tobacco growth, which was attributed to the enhancement of soil microbial diversity resulting from the application of SF. Furthermore, compared with MSF, OSF has advantages in reducing soil Pb and Cd content, promoting tobacco agronomic traits, increasing the number of key microbial communities, and maintaining the structural stability of microbial networks. The aforementioned findings, therefore, suggest that the OSF played a pivotal role in alleviating the adverse impacts of S, thereby demonstrating its efficacy in this particular process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ren
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiongwei Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hongyan Jin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Kaiyuan Gu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Ming Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yigui Luo
- College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Yonglei Jiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ullah S, Ali I, Yang M, Zhao Q, Iqbal A, Wu X, Ahmad S, Muhammad I, Khan A, Adnan M, Yuan P, Jiang L. Partial Substitution of Urea with Biochar Induced Improvements in Soil Enzymes Activity, Ammonia-Nitrite Oxidizers, and Nitrogen Uptake in the Double-Cropping Rice System. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020527. [PMID: 36838492 PMCID: PMC9959172 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar is an important soil amendment that can enhance the biological properties of soil, as well as nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in N-fertilized crops. However, few studies have characterized the effects of urea and biochar application on soil biochemical traits and its effect on paddy rice. Therefore, a field trial was conducted in the early and late seasons of 2020 in a randomized complete block design with two N levels (135 and 180 kg ha-1) and four levels of biochar (0, 10, 20, and 30 t ha-1). The treatment combinations were as follows: 135 kg N ha-1 + 0 t B ha-1 (T1), 135 kg N ha-1 + 10 t B ha-1 (T2), 135 kg N ha-1 + 20 t B ha-1 (T3), 135 kg N ha-1 + 30 t B ha-1 (T4), 180 kg N ha-1 + 0 t B ha-1 (T5), 180 kg N ha-1 + 10 t B ha-1 (T6), 180 kg N ha-1 + 20 t B ha-1 (T7) and 180 kg N ha-1 + 30 t B ha-1 (T8). The results showed that soil amended with biochar had higher soil pH, soil organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, and mineral nitrogen (NH4+-N and NO3--N) than soil that had not been amended with biochar. In both seasons, the 20 t ha-1 and 30 t ha-1 biochar treatments had the highest an average concentrations of NO3--N (10.54 mg kg-1 and 10.25 mg kg-1, respectively). In comparison to soil that had not been treated with biochar, the average activity of the enzymes urease, polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, and chitinase was, respectively, 25.28%, 14.13%, 67.76%, and 22.26% greater; however, the activity of the enzyme catalase was 15.06% lower in both seasons. Application of biochar considerably increased the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), which was 48% greater on average in biochar-amended soil than in unamended soil. However, there were no significant variations in the abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) or nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) across treatments. In comparison to soil that had not been treated with biochar, the average N content was 24.46%, 20.47%, and 19.08% higher in the stem, leaves, and panicles, respectively. In general, adding biochar at a rate of 20 to 30 t ha-1 with low-dose urea (135 kg N ha-1) is a beneficial technique for improving the nutrient balance and biological processes of soil, as well as the N uptake and grain yield of rice plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Anas Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ihsan Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Abdullah Khan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pengli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ligeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Guangxi University, Education Department of Guangxi, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Luo S, Chen Y, Zhang R, Lei L, Lin K, Qiu C, Xu H. Potential of Miscanthus floridulus associated with endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus BL4 to remediate cadmium contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159384. [PMID: 36240921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation assisted by endophytic bacteria is promising to efficiently remediate cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Bacillus cereus BL4, isolated from Miscanthus floridulus growing around a pyrite mine, exhibited high Cd tolerance and plant growth-promoting traits and could improve Cd bioavailability in soil. As a result of the pot experiment, after inoculation with strain BL4, the fresh weight, height, and Cd accumulation of Miscanthus floridulus shoots increased by 19.08-32.26 %, 6.02-16.60 %, and 23.67 %-24.88 %, respectively, and roots increased by 49.38-56.41 %, 22.87-33.93 %, and 28.51 %-42.37 %, respectively. Under Cd stress, the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and root activity of Miscanthus floridulus increased, while the membrane permeability and malonaldehyde (MDA) content significantly decreased after the inoculation of BL4, which indicated the alleviation of the cytotoxicity of Cd. Accordingly, the glutathione (GSH) content increased, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes presented downward trends after BL4 inoculation. Cd bioavailability in soil increased after BL4 inoculation, accompanied by increases in the activities of soil enzymes (invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, FDA hydrolase, and catalase) as well as the richness and diversity of soil bacteria. Our findings revealed that strain BL4 might strengthen the phytoremediation of Cd by Miscanthus floridulus through its effects on plant physio-biochemistry and soil microecology, which provided a basis for the relative application to Cd-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Renfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kangkai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chengshu Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil Ecological Protection and Pollution Control, Sichuan University, Department of Ecology and Environmental of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Serrani D, Ajmone-Marsan F, Corti G, Cocco S, Cardelli V, Adamo P. Heavy metal load and effects on biochemical properties in urban soils of a medium-sized city, Ancona, Italy. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3425-3449. [PMID: 34617246 PMCID: PMC9522685 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Urban soils are often mixed with extraneous materials and show a high spatial variability that determine great differences from their agricultural or natural counterparts. The soils of 18 localities of a medium-sized city (Ancona, Italy) were analysed for their main physicochemical and biological properties, and for chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) total content, distribution among particle-size fractions, and extractability. Because of the absence of thresholds defining a hot spot for heavy metal pollution in urban soils, we defined a "threshold of attention" (ToA) for each heavy metal aiming to bring out hot spot soils where it is more impellent to intervene to mitigate or avoid potential environmental concerns. In several city locations, the soil displayed sub-alkaline pH, large contents of clay-size particles, and higher TOC, total N, and available P with respect to the surrounding rural areas, joined with high contents of total heavy metals, but low availability. The C biomass, basal respiration, qCO2, and enzyme activities were compared to that detected in the near rural soils, and results suggested that heavy metals content has not substantially compromised the soil ecological services. We conclude that ToA can be considered as a valuable tool to highlight soil hot spots especially for cities with a long material history and, for a proper risk assessment in urban soils, we suggest considering the content of available heavy metals (rather than the total content) and soil functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Serrani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Franco Ajmone-Marsan
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Cocco
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valeria Cardelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Adamo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maphuhla NG, Lewu FB, Oyedeji OO. Enzyme Activities in Reduction of Heavy Metal Pollution from Alice Landfill Site in Eastern Cape, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12054. [PMID: 36231352 PMCID: PMC9565107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are unbreakable, and most of them are poisonous to animals and people. Metals are particularly concerning among environmental contaminants since they are less apparent, have extensive effects on ecosystems, are poisonous, and bioaccumulate in ecosystems, biological tissues, and organs. Therefore, there is a need to use biological agents and phytoremediation processes such as enzymes because they have a high potential for effectively transforming and detoxifying polluting substances. They can convert pollutants at a detectable rate and are potentially suitable for restoring polluted environments. We investigated heavy metal concentrations in different soil samples collected in four sections in Alice and determined the enzyme activity levels present in the soil. The Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to check whether there was any relationship between heavy metal concentrations and enzyme activities in the soil. Samples were randomly collected in three weeks, and the microwave digestion method was used for sample treatment and preparation. Quantitation was achieved by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The enzyme assay through incubation method was implemented for discovering the four selected enzymes (urease, invertase, catalase, and phosphatase), and their activity levels were examined colorimetrically by colorimetry spectrophotometer. The ICP-MS results revealed 16 predominating elements, namely: Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Sr, and Zn, and the presence of a non-mental, which is phosphorus (P), and a metalloid in the form of silicon (Si) in all soil samples. Significant differences in metal concentrations were observed among the collection sites. The Al, Fe, K, Mg, and Ca concentrations were above WHO's permissible limits. While Ba, Mn, Na, and P were in moderate concentration, Cu, Cr, Co, Zn, Sr, and Ni were in small amounts recorded mostly below the permissible values from WHO. Four soil enzyme activities were determined successfully (urease, invertase, phosphatase, and catalase). A negative non-significant correlation existed between urease, invertase, phosphatase enzyme activity, and the concentration levels of all selected metals (Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Cr, Sr, and Zn. In contrast, the content of catalase activity was associated non-significantly but positively with the range of selected heavy metals. This study suggests proper monitoring of residences' areas, which can provide detailed information on the impact of high heavy metal content on people's health. They are easily dispersed and can accumulate in large quantities in the soil. The necessary implementation of waste management programs will help the municipality adopt a strategy that will promote recycling programs and protect the residence health from this threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nontobeko Gloria Maphuhla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Francis Bayo Lewu
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Wellington Campus, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Wellington 7655, South Africa
| | - Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Differential effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in improving Rhizobial symbiosis by modulating Sucrose metabolism and Antioxidant defense in Chickpea under As stress. Symbiosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
9
|
Lebrun M, Miard F, Bucci A, Fougère L, Nandillon R, Naclerio G, Scippa GS, Destandeau E, Morabito D, Bourgerie S. The rhizosphere of Salix viminalis plants after a phytostabilization process assisted by biochar, compost, and iron grit: chemical and (micro)-biological analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47447-47462. [PMID: 33895948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amendments, such as biochar, compost, and iron grit, used in phytostabilization studies, showed positive effects on soil physico-chemical properties, plant growth, and the microbial community. However, assisted phytostabilization studies do not always focus on the rhizosphere area where soil, plants, and microorganisms are affected by the amendments and plants and microorganisms can also interact with each other. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of amendment application on the exudation of organic acids by Salix viminalis plant roots, as well as the effects of amendments and plant development on the soil CHNS contents and the microbial community activity and diversity, assessed by measuring enzyme activities and using Biolog EcoPlatesTM tests and next-generation sequencing analyses. The results of the mesocosm experiment showed that soil C, H, and N contents were increased by amendment application, especially biochar and compost, while the one of S decreased. Enzyme activities, microbial activity, and diversity were also increased by the addition of amendments, except iron grit alone. Finally, the quantity of organic acids exuded by roots were little affected by amendments, which could in part explain the reduced effect of plant development on soil chemical and microbiological parameters. In conclusion, this study showed in particular that biochar and compost were beneficial for the soil CHN contents and the microbial community while affecting poorly Salix viminalis root exudates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manhattan Lebrun
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Florie Miard
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Antonio Bucci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Laetitia Fougère
- CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, University of Orléans, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Romain Nandillon
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
- French Geological Survey (BRGM), Orléans, France
- Environmental Consulting Engineering, IDDEA, Olivet, France
- ISTO, UMR 7327, CNRS/Orleans University, Orléans, France
| | - Gino Naclerio
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | - Gabriella S Scippa
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, IS, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Morabito
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Sylvain Bourgerie
- INRA USC1328, LBLGC EA1207, University of Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Experimental and modeling studies of competitive Pb (II) and Cd (II) bioaccumulation by Aspergillus niger. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6477-6488. [PMID: 34424384 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Co-existence of toxic metals causes complex toxicity to microorganisms during bioremediation in water and soil. This study investigated the immobilization of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by fungus Aspergillus niger, which has been widely applied to environmental remediation. Five treatments were set, i.e., CK (no toxic metals), Pb2+ only, Cd2+ only, Pb2+/Cd2+ = 1:1(molar ratio), and Pb2+/Cd2+ = 2:1. Cadmium induced strong toxicity to the fungus, and maintained the high toxicity during incubation. However, as Pb/Cd ratio increased from 0 to 2, the removal rates of Cd2+ by A. niger were raised from 30 to 50%. The elevated activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and citrate synthetase (CS) enzymes confirmed that Pb addition could stimulate the growth of A. niger. For instance, citric acid concentrations and CS activities were 463.22 mg/L and 78.37 nmol/min/g, respectively, during 3-day incubation as Pb/Cd = 1. However, these two values were as low as ~ 50 with addition of only Cd. It was hence assumed that appropriate co-existence of Pb2+ enhanced microbial activity by promoting TCA cycle of the fungus. Moreover, the SEM analysis and geochemical modeling demonstrated that Pb2+ cations were more easily adsorbed and mineralized on A. niger with respect to Cd2+. Therefore, instead of intensifying metal toxicity, the addition of appropriate Pb actually weakened Cd toxicity to the fungus. This study sheds a bright future on application of A. niger to the remediation of polluted water with co-existence of Pb and Cd. KEY POINTS: • Cd2+ significantly inhibited P consumption, suggesting its high toxicity to A. niger. • Pb2+ stimulated the growth of A. niger by promoting TCA cycle in the cells. • Cd2+ removal by A. niger were improved with co-existence of Pb2+.
Collapse
|
11
|
Manzoor M, Gul I, Manzoor A, Kallerhoff J, Arshad M. Optimization of integrated phytoremediation system (IPS) for enhanced lead removal and restoration of soil microbial activities. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130243. [PMID: 34384172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Improving phytoremediation efficiency in lead (Pb) contaminated soil through either bacterial or fungal inoculants have extensively been studied with different successes and limitations. In this study, co-application of bacteria and fungi have been investigated for development of an integrated phytoremediation system (IPS) for efficient Pb removal and restoration of soil microbial and enzymatic activities in degraded soil. For this purpose, Pb tolerant bacterial and fungal strains were firstly analyzed for antifungal and antibacterial activities through disc diffusion method. Afterwards, the co-inoculation studies were performed to investigate the effects on phytoavailability and uptake of Pb by Pelargonium hortorum through soil incubation and pot culture experiments, respectively. Results indicated significant (p < 0.05) antibacterial activity of Mucor spp. against bacterial species (Klebsiella variicola and K. quasipneumoniae). The highest significant increase in extractable Pb fraction (5.0-folds) was observed when soil was co-inoculated with Aspergillus flavus + Microbacterium paraoxydans compared to the control soil (un-inoculated soil) at 2000 mg Pb kg-1 concentration. Similarly, uptake results also indicated significantly higher Pb uptake in plants inoculated with A. flavus + M. paraoxydans. Soil microbial results indicated significant decrease in microbial health indicators and enzymatic activities with increasing Pb concentration and exposure time, as compared to control soil. A relatively severe decline was observed in soil respiration and dehydrogenase (DEH) activities by 2.8- and 2.5-folds, respectively at 2000 mg Pb kg-1 of soil. The optimized IPS was effective for restoring enzymatic activities in Pb contaminated soil and could be applied for sustainable restoration of Pb contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manzoor
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Iram Gul
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Manzoor
- Department of Agricultural Soil Science, Georg-August University Goettingen, Buesgenweg 2, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
As the most important resource for life, water has been a central issue on the international agenda for several decades. Yet, the world’s supply of clean freshwater is steadily decreasing due to extensive agricultural demand for irrigated lands. Therefore, water resources should be used with greater efficiency, and the use of non-traditional water resources, such as Treated Wastewater (TW), should be increased. Reusing TW could be an alternative option to increase water resources. Thus, many countries have decided to turn wastewater into an irrigation resource to help meet urban demand and address water shortages. However, because of the nature of that water, there are potential problems associated with its use in irrigation. Some of the major concerns are health hazards, salinity build-up, and toxicity hazards. The objectives of this comprehensive literature review are to illuminate the importance of using TW in irrigation as an alternative freshwater source and to assess the effects of its use on soil fertility and other soil properties, plants, and public health. The literature review reveals that TW reuse has become part of the extension program for boosting water resource utilization. However, the uncontrolled application of such waters has many unfavorable effects on both soils and plants, especially in the long-term. To reduce these unfavorable effects when using TW in irrigation, proper guidelines for wastewater reuse and management should be followed to limit negative effects significantly.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kandziora-Ciupa M, Nadgórska-Socha A, Barczyk G. The influence of heavy metals on biological soil quality assessments in the Vaccinium myrtillus L. rhizosphere under different field conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:292-310. [PMID: 33496898 PMCID: PMC7902592 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of heavy metals on biological soil quality assessments in Vaccinium myrtillus L. rhizosphere soil as well as in non-rhizosphere soil from different polluted sites. The presented study was also conducted in order to determine any differences in the soil physicochemical and biological properties between the Vaccinium rhizosphere soil and the non-rhizosphere soil. The content of heavy metals and their potential bioavailability, content of macronutrients, physicochemical soil properties, activity of six soil enzymes and microarthropod communities were determined. Soil organic matter, the levels of C, N and all the studied macronutrients and almost all enzyme activity were significantly higher in the rhizosphere soil than in the non-rhizosphere soil. At the most contaminated site, the content of heavy metals was also higher in the rhizosphere soil, but their bioavailability was lower than in the non-rhizosphere soil. The β-glucosidase and urease activity in the soil correlated most negatively with the examined metals. The levels of two enzymes were also strongly impacted by the organic matter-the C and N levels and pH. The number of microarthropods as well as the QBS (soil biological quality index) and FEMI (abundance-based fauna index) were higher in the rhizosphere soil. The bilberry rhizosphere soil had stronger correlation coefficient values between the measured parameters than the non-rhizosphere soil, which suggests that rhizosphere soil is more sensitive and could be used in the monitoring and assessment of forest ecosystems. β-glucosidase and urease were the most sensitive indicators of the adverse impact of Cd, Zn and Pb. The FEMI index seems to be a better indicator than the QBS for identifying differences in soil quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kandziora-Ciupa
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ecology, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Nadgórska-Socha
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ecology, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Barczyk
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ecology, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ramana S, Tripathi AK, Bharati K, Singh AB, Kumar A, Sahu A, Rajput PS, Dey P, Saha JK, Patra AK. Tolerance of cotton to elevated levels of Pb and its potential for phytoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-13067-6. [PMID: 33624237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine the cotton plant's tolerance to Pb and its remediation potential. In the first experiment, the phytoremediation potential was determined by exposing the plant to four levels of Pb (0, 500, 750, and 1000 mg kg-1). The cotton plant exhibited an excellent tolerance index at Pb 1000 mg kg-1 (root 78.65% and shoot 93.08%) and lower grade of growth inhibition (root 21.35% and shoot 6.92%). Pb stress resulted in higher leakage of electrolytes and increased the synthesis of higher proline, total phenol, and free amino acid contents to mitigate stress. The plant could not meet the criteria of a hyperaccumulator of Pb. The concentration of Pb in the shoot was a mere 96 μg g-1 dry wt (< the critical judging concentration of 1000 μg g-1 dry wt), and bioconcentration and translocation factors were <1. The study established that cotton exhibited an exclusion mechanism of Pb. Further, the translocation efficiency (TE %) was very low, i.e., <50% (ranged from 49% at 500 mg kg-1 to 42% at 1000 mg kg -1), and the % of Pb removed by the crop was too little (on an average 0.1%). Pb inhibited the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) by 76%, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis by 60%, and β-glucosidase activity by 20%. However, applied Pb increased the population of actinomycetes by 3.21 times, but significantly decreased heterotrophic bacteria by 3.40 times and N2 fixers by over 53% over control. In the second experiment, the plant was exposed to very high Pb (0, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 mg kg -1) to determine the concentration up to which the plant will survive. The investigation revealed that plants could survive up to Pb 3000 mg kg-1. It confirmed the first experiment in the tolerance index, grade of growth inhibition, bioconcentration factor, translocation factor, and partitioning of Pb. Therefore, it was concluded that the cotton plant was an excluder of Pb and could be effectively cultivated for the phytostabilization of soils polluted with Pb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivakoti Ramana
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India.
| | | | - Kollah Bharati
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Amar Bahadur Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Asha Sahu
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Poonam Singh Rajput
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Pradip Dey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Saha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashok K Patra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu B, Peng Y, Xu J, Qin D, Gao T, Zhu H, Zuo S, Song H, Dong J. Phytoremediation potential of Youngia japonica (L.) DC: a newly discovered cadmium hyperaccumulator. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6044-6057. [PMID: 32989693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic contaminants, causing a lot of harm to environment and the human health. An outdoor pot experiment for 60 days was conducted to study the Cd(II) effects on growth, biomass, physiological properties, Cd uptake, and accumulation in Youngia japonica plants but also to evaluate the effect of Y. japonica growth on enzyme activity of Cd-contamination soils. Generally, the application of Cd(II) less than 120 mg kg-1 stimulated the growth of the plants, whereas at 160 mg kg-1 or higher levels, a significant reduction was observed. For all treatments > 10 mg kg-1 Cd(II) in soil, values of Cd in roots and aboveground parts were more than the critical value of 100 mg kg-1 and reached highest values of 252.51 and 314.29 mg kg-1, respectively. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) and translation factors (TF) for all Cd treatments were more than 1.0, with the former ranging from 1.03 to 5.46 and the later from 1.04 to 1.33. The activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the levels of glutathione (GSH) and proline in Y. japonica plants after exposure to 10-200 mg kg-1 Cd(II) were stimulated, implying that they were defensive guards to the oxidative stress produced by Cd. The urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities under low Cd concentrations can be enhanced by planting Y. japonica species but inhibited under high Cd concentrations. Our data provide comprehensive evidence that Y. japonica has the typical properties of a Cd hyperaccumulator and thus may be practically employed to alleviate Cd from contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Song
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Use of Soil Enzymes as Indicators for Contaminated Soil Monitoring and Sustainable Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12198209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of the risk of soil pollution and the performance of measures for the recovery of contaminated soil requires proper monitoring of the extent of soil function damage and its recovery process. Soil enzymes reveal ecosystem perturbations, are sensitive to management choices, and have been used as indicators of biogeochemical cycles, organic matter degradation, and soil remediation processes. Thus, enzymes can indicate, along with other physical or chemical properties, soil quality. In this paper, we review the effects of soil pollutants [toxic trace elements (TTE), and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC)] on enzymatic activities and evaluate the usefulness of soil enzyme’s activity for monitoring recovery processes in contaminated soil. Soil enzymes can be said to be a powerful means of monitoring to properly indicate the degree of deterioration of soil quality caused by soil pollution and to diagnose the process of functional recovery of contaminated soil. Further research is needed to establish the quantitative relationships between the soil physico-chemical properties and enzyme activity and the effect of soil remediation on the functional recovery of soil-related to soil quality.
Collapse
|
17
|
Aponte H, Meli P, Butler B, Paolini J, Matus F, Merino C, Cornejo P, Kuzyakov Y. Meta-analysis of heavy metal effects on soil enzyme activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:139744. [PMID: 32512304 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme activities (EAs) respond to contamination in several ways depending on the chemical form and content of heavy metals and metalloids (HMs) and their interactions with various soil properties. A systematic and mechanistic understanding of EA responses to HM contamination in soil is necessary for predicting the consequences for nutrient availability and the cycling of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S). In this study, a meta-analysis based on 671 observations found the activities of seven enzymes to decrease in response to soil contamination with Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and As. HM contamination linearly reduced the activities of all enzymes in the following order: arylsulfatase > dehydrogenase > β-glucosidase > urease > acid phosphatase > alkaline phosphatase > catalase. The activities of two endoenzymes: arylsulfatase (partly as exoenzyme) and dehydrogenase were reduced by 72% and 64%, respectively. These reductions were two times greater than of exoenzymes: β-glucosidase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase (partly endoenzyme). This reflects the much stronger impact of HMs on living microorganisms and their endoenzymes than on extracellular enzymes stabilized on clay minerals and organic matter. Increasing clay content weakened the negative effects of HM contamination on EAs. All negative effects of HMs on EAs decreased with soil depth because HMs remain mainly in the topsoil. EAs involved in the cycling of C and S were more affected by HMs than the enzymes associated with the cycling of N and P. Consequently, HM contamination may alter the stoichiometry of C, N, P and S released by enzymatic decomposition of organic compounds that consequently affect microbial community structure and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Aponte
- Doctoral Program in Sciences of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Paula Meli
- Landscape Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Benjamin Butler
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Jorge Paolini
- Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Venezuela
| | - Francisco Matus
- Laboratory of Conservation and Dynamic of Volcanic Soils, Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environmental Research, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carolina Merino
- Laboratory of Conservation and Dynamic of Volcanic Soils, Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environmental Research, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; Agro-Technological Institute, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, 420049 Kazan, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Singh P, Purakayastha TJ, Mitra S, Bhowmik A, Tsang DCW. River water irrigation with heavy metal load influences soil biological activities and risk factors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110517. [PMID: 32721279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers in India and the land adjacent to river flowing through Delhi city is widely irrigated with its water for growing various food crops. Present study was undertaken to assess the heavy metal load in Yamuna water and surrounding soils of the river bank and its impact on soil enzyme activities. Long term impact of irrigation by Yamuna water on the activities of various soil enzymes namely dehydrogenase (DHA), urease (UA), fluroscein diacetate (FDA), aryl sulphatase (ASA), nitrate reductase (NRA), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) were assessed. The sensitivity of soil enzymes to heavy metals were observed as DHA>UA>ASA>NRS. Total organic carbon, easily oxidisable soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and available potassium in different sites varied significantly. Total heavy metal contents in soils showed a decreasing order: Fe>Mn>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>Co>As>Cd and the DTPA extractable heavy metal contents followed the order: Mn>Cu>Pb>Zn >Fe>Ni>Cd>Cr>Co>As. Potential ecological risk factors (Er) were under low risk and comprehensive potential ecological risk indices (Ri) were found to be under low, moderate and high risk categories. Copper (Cu) is the main pollutant contributing considerable load to Ri. From (Ri) principal component analysis and cluster analysis, it is evident that the Okhla site (S8) is most contaminated. The water from Yamuna river needs to be cautiously used for growing various food crops on land adjacent to the river as its long-term usage might cross the permissible limits of heavy metals in the soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India; Amity Institute of Environment Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
| | - Tapan Jyoti Purakayastha
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Sudip Mitra
- Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Arpan Bhowmik
- Division of Design of Experiments, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu C, Lu J, Liu J, Mehmood T, Chen W. Effects of lead (Pb) in stormwater runoff on the microbial characteristics and organics removal in bioretention systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126721. [PMID: 32283420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioretention systems have been proved to be a natural approach for effectively reducing stormwater runoff pollution loads. However, the effects of heavy metals in stormwater runoff on microbial characteristics and organics removal in bioretention systems are unclear. In this study, two lab scale bioretention columns including the control and lead (Pb) treatment with the soil and filler layer were established. The changes of organic matter and lead in the effluent water and the soil (or fillers) were monitored during 121 operation days. The soil (or fillers) microbial characteristics were also analyzed. The results showed that most of Pb was intercepted by soil, while a small amount accumulated in fillers after 121 days. The long-term Pb accumulation in the biorentention system negatively affected the microbial biomass and microbial activity, while positively affected the community diversity. Pb accumulation killed some microorganisms, but simultaneously stimulated the growth of some Pb-tolerance microorganisms. The abundance of bacteria with COD degradation function in soil layer decreased, while that in fillers increased, indicating the effect of Pb on the community structure of these two layers was different. The COD removal in the soil and filler layer was promoted and inhibited by Pb contamination respectively. Moreover, Pb affected the removal of organic matter by chelating organic matters and changing their composition. The results suggested that the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in bioretention system would affect microbial degradation function and pollutants removal, causing our concern for the long-term maintenance of the bioretention system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen Y, Li J, Huang Z, Su G, Li X, Sun Z, Qin Y. Impact of short-term application of seaweed fertilizer on bacterial diversity and community structure, soil nitrogen contents, and plant growth in maize rhizosphere soil. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:591-603. [PMID: 31898151 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the short-term application of Ascophyllum nodosum-fermented seaweed fertilizer on the bacterial community, soil nitrogen contents, and plant growth in maize rhizosphere soil were evaluated. The changes in the bacterial community composition and nitrogen contents including those of total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in rhizosphere soils in response to treatment with seaweed fertilizer were determined. Furthermore, soil enzymatic activity and crop biomass were analyzed. The relative abundance of the dominant phyla varied regularly with fertilization, and bacterial α-diversity was apparently influenced by seaweed fertilizer amendment. The TN contents of all soil samples decreased gradually, and the NO3--N and NH4+-N contents of the soils treated with seaweed fertilizer were much higher than those of the control soils. Similarly, the enzymatic activities of dehydrogenase, nitrite reductase, urease, and cellulase in the soil were significantly increased on day 3, day 8, and day 13 after the application of seaweed fertilizer to the maize rhizosphere soil. However, there was no difference in the activity of soil sucrase between the treatment group and the control group. In this study, the growth of maize seedlings was confirmed to be greatly promoted by the utilization of seaweed fertilizer. These results deepen our understanding of plant-microbe interactions in agroecosystems and should benefit the wide use of seaweed fertilizer in sustainable agricultural production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Chen
- Department of Resources and Environment, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiaoyong Li
- Department of Resources and Environment, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Huang
- Department of Resources and Environment, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxun Su
- Department of Resources and Environment, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- College of Environment and Life Sciences, Kaili University, Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, 556011, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanyi Sun
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Qin
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao X, Sun Y, Huang J, Wang H, Tang D. Effects of soil heavy metal pollution on microbial activities and community diversity in different land use types in mining areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20215-20226. [PMID: 32239406 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial activities and community structures play crucial roles in the soil environment and can be served as effective indicators to assess the ecological influence of heavy metal pollution in soil. This article selected soil samples from five land use types (mining area, mineral processing area, heap mining area, tailing area, and vegetable area) in the Shizishan mining area in Tongling, Anhui Province, China. The physicochemical properties, pollution characteristics, enzyme activities (catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, neutral phosphatase, cellulase, and sucrase), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (SBR), and metabolic entropy (qCO2) in soil were determined and compared, and the relationship between environmental factors and the microbial activities and community diversity was analyzed. The results showed that, according to the Nemerow's Pollution Index (PN), the values were the heap mining area (24.47) > mineral processing area (12.55) > mining area (9.81) > tailings area (6.02) > vegetable area (4.51). With the increase of heavy metal contamination in the sampling area, the six enzyme activities, MBC and SBR decreased, but the qCO2 increased. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that the land use types, soil moisture content (MC), heavy metal content, pH, MBC, SBR, and qCO2 were significantly affected by the microbial community. The most dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (34.73%), Bacteroidetes (9.25%), Acidobacteria (8.99%), and Chloroflexi (8.68%) at the phylum (0.01) level by a total of 18 phyla. It was also found that Firmicutes and Phormidium were more tolerant to heavy metals. These results contributed to an insight into key environmental variables shaping the microbial activities, community structure, and diversity under various land use types in mining area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingqing Zhao
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Tang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guo Y, Li X, Fan D, Xue J, Han J, Zhu Y. Lysobacter may drive the hormetic effects of Pb on soil alkaline phosphatase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17779-17788. [PMID: 32162228 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It has become increasingly recognized that hormesis phenomena exist in soil ecosystem, but the research on the hormetic responses of soil enzymes are still limited. This study was conducted to investigate the hormetic effects of lead (Pb) on the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the associated microbial groups. Soils were treated by adding Pb (NO3)2 solution with 0, 10, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 5000 mg/kg of Pb, respectively. A moist heat sterilization method (121 °C × 30 min) was used to discriminate the microbial effect on soil ALP hormesis from other factors. The bacterial community composition and abundance in the control (CK) and Pb-treated soils were detected by the high-throughput sequencing technique. The ALP activity at doses of 500-1000 mg/kg of Pb was significantly higher than that of CK (0 mg/kg of Pb), showing a typical inverted U-shaped dose response with the stimulation magnitude of 9.8-10.3% within 48 h of incubation. In addition, ALP activity decreased by 80% on average after soil sterilization. Analysis of bacterial community composition indicated that the relative abundance of Lysobacter at 1000 mg Pb/kg was higher than that of CK at genus level, with the increase of 69.82%. The highly significant correlation between soil ALP activities and relative abundance of Lysobacter indicated that this bacterial genus could possibly contribute to the hormetic responses of soil ALP to added doses of Pb in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Guo
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
- National Positioning Observation Station of Hongze Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, 223100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuzhi Li
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diwu Fan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianming Xue
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
- Scion, Private Bag, 29237, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongli Zhu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Aponte H, Herrera W, Cameron C, Black H, Meier S, Paolini J, Tapia Y, Cornejo P. Alteration of enzyme activities and functional diversity of a soil contaminated with copper and arsenic. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110264. [PMID: 32035397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) mining has to address a critical environmental issue related to the disposal of heavy metals and metalloids (HMs). Due to their deleterious effects on living organisms, Cu and arsenic (As) have gained global attention, and thus their monitoring in the environment is an important task. The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the alteration of soil enzyme activities (EAs) and soil microbial functional diversity with Cu/As contamination, and 2) to select the most reliable biochemical indicators of Cu/As contamination. A twelve-week soil experiment was performed with four increasing levels of Cu, As, and Cu/As from 150/15 to 1000/100 mg Cu/As kg-1. Soil enzyme activities and soil community-level physiological profile (CLPP) using MicroResp™ were measured during the experiment. Results showed reduced EAs over time with increasing Cu and Cu/As levels. The most Cu-sensitive EAs were dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase, while arginine ammonification might be related to the resilience of soil microbial communities due to its increased activity in the last experimental times. There was no consistent response to As contamination with reduced individual EAs at specific sampling times, being urease the only EA negatively affected by As. MicroResp™ showed reduced carbon (C) substrate utilization with increasing Cu levels indicating a community shift in C acquisition. These results support the use of specific EAs to assess the environmental impact of specific HMs, being also the first assessment of EAs and the use of CLPP (MicroResp™) to study the environmental impact in Cu/As contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Aponte
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Doctoral Program in Sciences of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Wence Herrera
- Doctoral Program in Sciences of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Clare Cameron
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Helaina Black
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro de Investigación Regional de Investigación Carillanca, P.O. Box 58-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge Paolini
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Centro de Ecología, Altos de Pipe, Apdo. 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Yasna Tapia
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Suelos, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pesticides Decrease Bacterial Diversity and Abundance of Irrigated Rice Fields. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030318. [PMID: 32106524 PMCID: PMC7142973 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria play an important role in soil ecosystems and their activities are crucial in nutrient composition and recycling. Pesticides are extensively used in agriculture to control pests and improve yield. However, increased use of pesticides on agricultural lands results in soil contamination, which could have adverse effect on its bacterial communities. Here, we investigated the effect of pesticides commonly used on irrigated rice fields on bacterial abundance and diversity. Irrigated soil samples collected from unexposed, pesticide-exposed, and residual exposure areas were cultured under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. DNA was extracted and analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed overall decrease in bacterial abundance and diversity in areas exposed to pesticides. Operational taxonomic units of the genera Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Comamonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bordetella, and Staphylococcus decreased in areas exposed to pesticides. Conversely, Domibacillus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus increased in abundance in pesticide-exposed areas. Simpson and Shannon diversity indices and canonical correspondence analysis demonstrated a decrease in bacterial diversity and composition in areas exposed to pesticides. These results suggest bacteria genera unaffected by pesticides that could be further evaluated to identify species for bioremediation. Moreover, there is a need for alternative ways of improving agricultural productivity and to educate farmers to adopt innovative integrated pest management strategies to reduce deleterious impacts of pesticides on soil ecosystems.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cao Y, Ma C, Chen H, Chen G, White JC, Xing B. Copper stress in flooded soil: Impact on enzyme activities, microbial community composition and diversity in the rhizosphere of Salix integra. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135350. [PMID: 31822423 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has increased flooding frequency, making the heavy metal polluted areas more vulnerable, and led to increased global land degradation. Information about the alteration of soil microbiota under heavy metal pollution and flooding is still rather limited. Fast-growing trees are candidates for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils. Therefore, the impact of Cu pollution on microbiota in soil used for cultivating Salix integra Thunb. was investigated with and without flooding for 60 d. Bacterial and fungal communities were accessed via partial 16S rRNA (V3-V4) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes. The activity of invertase, urease and cellulase were markedly decreased by 28.5-59%, 55.0-76.7% and 17.3-34.1%, respectively, with increasing Cu levels. Flooding significantly increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase by 56.3% and 41.4% at the highest Cu level compared to its respective non-flooded condition. High Cu concentration significantly decreased the richness and diversity of the bacterial community, and fungi were more sensitive than bacteria under flooding conditions. Redundancy analysis suggests that Cu, Fe and soil organic matter are the key determinants affecting the composition of microbial communities. Our findings provide new insight into the responses of soil microbes to Cu-contamination and contribute to our understanding of metal toxicity in soil-woody plant systems under flooded conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Hunan Commodities Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China.
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Advances in monitoring soil microbial community dynamic and function. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:249-263. [PMID: 32062778 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00549-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are vital to the overall ecosystem functioning, stability, and sustainability. Soil fertility and health depend on chemical composition and also on the qualitative and quantitative nature of microorganisms inhabiting it. Historically, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE), single-strand conformation polymorphism, DNA amplification fingerprinting, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, length heterogeneity PCR, and ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis were used to assess soil microbial community structure (SMCS), abundance, and diversity. However, these methods had significant shortcomings and limitations for application in land reclamation monitoring. SMCS has been primarily determined by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. This method provides a direct measure of viable biomass in addition to a biochemical profile of the microbial community. PLFA has limitations such as overlap in the composition of microorganisms and the specificity of PLFAs signature. In recent years, high-throughput next-generation sequencing has dramatically increased the resolution and detectable spectrum of diverse microbial phylotypes from environmental samples and it plays a significant role in microbial ecology studies. Next-generation sequencings using 454, Illumina, SOLiD, and Ion Torrent platforms are rapid and flexible. The two methods, PLFA and next-generation sequencing, are useful in detecting changes in microbial community diversity and structure in different ecosystems. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and nanopore sequencing technologies represent third-generation sequencing (TGS) platforms that have been developed to address the shortcomings of second-generation sequencing (SGS). Enzymatic and soil respiration analyses are performed to further determine soil quality and microbial activities. Other valuable methods that are being recently applied to microbial function and structures include NanoSIM, GeoChip, and DNA stable staple isotope probing (DNA-SIP) technologies. They are powerful metagenomics tool for analyzing microbial communities, including their structure, metabolic potential, diversity, and their impact on ecosystem functions. This review is a critical analysis of current methods used in monitoring soil microbial community dynamic and functions.
Collapse
|
27
|
Tang J, Zhang J, Ren L, Zhou Y, Gao J, Luo L, Yang Y, Peng Q, Huang H, Chen A. Diagnosis of soil contamination using microbiological indices: A review on heavy metal pollution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 242:121-130. [PMID: 31028952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of soil has become a serious global issue because of their persistence in the environment and the non-biodegradable nature leading to their accumulation to toxic levels. In order to achieve early warning and prevent soil quality from deteriorating, it is necessary to select suitable indices to diagnose heavy metal pollution. Microbiological indices for monitoring soil pollution by heavy metals are gaining attention. However, the related researches are scattered, and critical review is imperative. This review is mainly to provide readers with an in-depth understanding of the merits and limitations of microbiological indices for heavy metals contaminated and remediated soils. Microbiological indicators include microbial abundance, community diversity and structure, functional activity. The changes of different microbiological indices and the mechanism of microbial response to heavy metal stress in soils are comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, research gaps and future directions of the microbial ecotoxicological diagnosis of soil contamination by heavy metals are also proposed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Tang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Liheng Ren
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Lin Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qinghui Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hongli Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xu Y, Seshadri B, Bolan N, Sarkar B, Ok YS, Zhang W, Rumpel C, Sparks D, Farrell M, Hall T, Dong Z. Microbial functional diversity and carbon use feedback in soils as affected by heavy metals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:478-488. [PMID: 30771648 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms are an important indicator of soil fertility and health. However, our state of knowledge about soil microbial activities, community compositions and carbon use patterns under metal contaminations is still poor. This study aimed to evaluate the influences of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) on soil microorganisms by investigating the microbial community composition and carbon use preferences. Metal pollution was approached both singly and jointly with low (25 and 2500 mg kg-1) and high (50 and 5000 mg kg-1) concentrations of Cd and Pb, respectively, in an artificially contaminated soil. In a laboratory incubation experiment, bio-available and potentially bio-available metal concentrations, selected soil properties (pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon and total nitrogen), and microbial parameters (microbial activity as basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial functional groups) were determined at two sampling occasions (7 and 49 days). Metal contamination had no effect on the selected soil properties, while it significantly inhibited both microbial activity and MBC formation. Contaminated soils had higher microbial quotient (qCO2), suggesting there was higher energy demand with less microbially immobilized carbon as MBC. Notably, the efficiency of microbial carbon use was repressed as the metal concentration increased, yet no difference was observed between metal types (p > 0.05). Based on the microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis, total PLFAs decreased significantly under metal stress at the end of incubation. Heavy metals had a greater negative influence on the fungal population than bacteria with respective 5-35 and 8-32% fall in abundances. The contaminant-driven (metal concentrations and types) variation of soil PLFA biomarkers demonstrated that the heavy metals led to the alteration of soil microbial community compositions and their activities, which consequently had an adverse impact on soil microbial carbon immobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilu Xu
- Global Center for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Balaji Seshadri
- Global Center for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- Global Center for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; School of Natural and Built Environment, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Cornelia Rumpel
- CNRS, Institute of Ecology and Environment Paris, IEES, CNRS-INRA-UPMC-UPEC-IRD, Thiverval-Grignon 78850, France
| | - Donald Sparks
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Environmental Institute, University of Delaware, Newark 19711, USA
| | - Mark Farrell
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Tony Hall
- Sprigg Geobiology Centre & Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Zhaomin Dong
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Panova MI, Pukalchik MA, Uchanov PV, Terekhova VA. Influence of Lead Nitrate and Acetate Applied to Sod-Podzolic Soil on its Bioindicative Parameters. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359018100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
30
|
Maslennikov PV, Chupakhina GN, Skrypnik LN, Feduraev PV, Melnik AS. Assessment of the Antioxidant Potential of Plants in Urban Ecosystems under Conditions of Anthropogenic Pollution of Soils. RUSS J ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413618050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
31
|
Fang H, Han L, Zhang H, Deng Y, Ge Q, Mei J, Long Z, Yu Y. Repeated treatments of ciprofloxacin and kresoxim-methyl alter their dissipation rates, biological function and increase antibiotic resistance in manured soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:661-671. [PMID: 29454207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dissipation of ciprofloxacin (CIP, 1.0 and 10.0mg/kg) and kresoxim-methyl (KM, 1.0 and 2.0mg/kg) in manure-amended soil, the variations in soil enzyme activities and microbial functional diversities, and CIP-induced bacterial community tolerances were studied using a chromatographic analysis, enzyme colorimetric and titration analyses, and the BIOLOG EcoPlate method. Three successive treatments of individual and combined samples of CIP and KM at low and high concentrations were performed at 60d intervals. The dissipation half-life of CIP increased, but that of KM decreased in manured soil with treatment frequency; furthermore, the combined treatment altered the dissipation rates of CIP and KM. A stronger inhibitory effect on the activities of soil neutral phosphatase and urease was observed in the individual KM treatment than in the individual CIP treatment. A similar inhibitory trend was also found in soil neutral phosphatase activity in the combined treatment at high concentration compared to that at low concentration, but the activity of soil catalase was enhanced in the early stages of the KM or CIP treatments. Meanwhile, the inhibitory trend on the overall activity and functional diversity of soil microorganisms was observed in the individual KM or CIP treatment, and the combined treatment exerted a greater suppression effect than that in the individual treatment. Bacterial community resistance to CIP increased significantly with increasing treatment frequency and concentration, and furthermore antibiotic resistance developed faster in the combined treatment than in the individual treatment. It was concluded that the repeated treatments of CIP and KM could alter their dissipation rates and soil enzyme activities, suppress microbial functional diversity, and increase bacterial community resistance to CIP in manured soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingxi Han
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Houpu Zhang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanfei Deng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiqing Ge
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Mei
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengnan Long
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhu X, Yao J, Wang F, Yuan Z, Liu J, Jordan G, Knudsen TŠ, Avdalović J. Combined effects of antimony and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate on soil microbial activity and speciation change of heavy metals. Implications for contaminated lands hazardous material pollution in nonferrous metal mining areas. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 349:160-167. [PMID: 29421352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of antimony (Sb) and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), a common organic flotation reagent, on soil microbial activity and speciation changes of heavy metals were investigated for the first time. The results showed that the exchangeable fraction of Sb was transformed to a stable residual fraction during the incubation period, and the addition of DDTC promoted the transformation compared with single Sb pollution, probably because DDTC can react with heavy metals to form a complex. In addition, the presence of DDTC and Sb inhibited the soil microbial activity to varying degrees. The growth rate constant k of different interaction systems was in the following order on the 28th day: control group ≥ single DDTC pollution > combined pollution > single Sb pollution. A correlation analysis showed that the concentration of exchangeable Sb was the primary factor that affected the toxic reaction under combined pollution conditions, and it significantly affected the characteristics of the soil microorganisms. All the observations provide useful information for a better understanding of the toxic effects and potential risks of combined Sb and DDTC pollution in antimony mining areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Zhu
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Zhimin Yuan
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Gyozo Jordan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Szent István University, Villányi út 35-43, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; State Key Laboratory for Environmental Geochemistry, China Academy of Sciences, 550081, 99 Linchengxi Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tatjana Šolević Knudsen
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Avdalović
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Couic E, Grimaldi M, Alphonse V, Balland-Bolou-Bi C, Livet A, Giusti-Miller S, Sarrazin M, Bousserrhine N. Mercury behaviour and C, N, and P biogeochemical cycles during ecological restoration processes of old mining sites in French Guiana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:657-672. [PMID: 29504006 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00016f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several decades of gold mining extraction activities in the Amazonian rainforest have caused deforestation and pollution. While ecological rehabilitation is essential for restoring biodiversity and decreasing erosion on deforested lands, few studies note the behaviour or toxicity of trace elements during the rehabilitation process. Our original study focused on the potential use of microbial activity and Hg speciation and compared them with As, Cu, Zn and Cr speciation in assessing the chemical and biological quality of ecological restoration efforts. We sampled two sites in French Guyana 17 years after rehabilitation efforts began. The former site was actively regenerated (R) with the leguminous species Clitoria racemosa and Acacia mangium, and the second site was passively regenerated with spontaneous vegetation (Sv). We also sampled soil from a control site without a history of gold mining (F). We performed microcosm soil experiments for 30 days, where trace element speciation and enzyme activities (i.e., FDA, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, urease, alkaline and acid phosphatase) were estimated to characterise the behaviour of trace elements and the soil microbial activity. As bioindicators, the use of soil microbial carbon biomass and soil enzyme activities related to the carbon and phosphorus cycles seems to be relevant for assessing soil quality in rehabilitated and regenerated old mining sites. Our results showed that restoration with leguminous species had a positive effect on soil chemical quality and on soil microbial bioindicators, with activities that tended toward natural non-degraded soil (F). Active restoration processes also had a positive effect on Hg speciation by reducing its mobility. While in Sv we found more exchangeable and soluble mercury, in regenerated sites, Hg was mostly bound to organic matter. These results also suggested that enzyme activities and mercury cycles are sensitive to land restoration and must be considered when evaluating the efficiency of restoration processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewan Couic
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IEES), Université-Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil cedex, 94010, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zeng P, Guo Z, Cao X, Xiao X, Liu Y, Shi L. Phytostabilization potential of ornamental plants grown in soil contaminated with cadmium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:311-320. [PMID: 29053368 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1381939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In a greenhouse experiment, five ornamental plants, Osmanthus fragrans (OF), Ligustrum vicaryi L. (LV), Cinnamomum camphora (CC), Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum (LC), and Euonymus japonicas cv. Aureo-mar (EJ), were studied for the ability to phytostabilization for Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that these five ornamental plants can grow normally when the soil Cd content is less than 24.6 mg·kg-1. Cd was mainly deposited in the roots of OF, LV, LC and EJ which have grown in Cd-contaminated soils, and the maximum Cd contents reached 15.76, 19.09, 20.59 and 32.91 mg·kg-1, respectively. For CC, Cd was mainly distributed in the shoots and the maximum Cd content in stems and leaves were 12.5 and 10.71 mg·kg-1, however, the total amount of Cd in stems and leaves was similar with the other ornamental plants. The enzymatic activities in Cd-contaminated soil were benefited from the five tested ornamental plants remediation. Soil urease and sucrase activities were improved, while dehydrogenase activity was depressed. Meanwhile, the soil microbial community was slightly influenced when soil Cd content is less than 24.6 mg·kg-1 under five ornamental plants remediation. The results further suggested that ornamental plants could be promising candidates for phytostabilization of Cd-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Xia Cao
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Yanan Liu
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Lei Shi
- a Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University , Changsha , China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Heavy Metal Stress and Its Consequences on Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-Producing Pantoea agglomerans. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:199-216. [PMID: 29552714 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the heavy metal pollution is of grave concern, and the part of microorganism for metal bioremediation should take into account as an efficient and economic strategy. On this framework, the heavy metal stress consequences on exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing agricultural isolate, Pantoea agglomerans, were studied. The EPS production is a protective response to stress to survive and grow in the metal-contaminated environment. P. agglomerans show tolerance and mucoid growth in the presence of heavy metals, i.e., mercury, copper, silver, arsenic, lead, chromium, and cadmium. EDX first confirmed the metal accumulation and further, FTIR determined the functional groups involved in metal binding. The ICP-AES identified the location of cell-bound and intracellular metal accumulation. Metal deposition on cell surface has released more Ca2+. The effect on bacterial morphology investigated with SEM and TEM revealed the sites of metal accumulation, as well as possible structural changes. Each heavy metal caused distinct change and accumulated on cell-bound EPS with some intracellular deposits. The metal stress caused a decrease in total protein content and increased in total carbohydrate with a boost in EPS. Thus, the performance of P. agglomerans under metal stress indicated a potential candidate for metal bioremediation. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
|
36
|
Adetunji CO, Oloke JK, Osemwegie OO. Environmental fate and effects of granular pesta formulation from strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa C1501 and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae C1136 on soil activity and weeds. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:98-107. [PMID: 29258010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of variably formulated pesta granules containing wild and UV mutated Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae on the rate of CO2 evolution, organic carbon content, enzymatic activity (acidic and alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenases, urease and protease) and representative soil microorganisms in the soils using different assay techniques. After the 35th day period of experiment, the pesta granule formulation BH4 showed the best evolution of CO2 (824 ± 6.2 mg CO2 kg-1 soil hr-1) as against control treatment (689 ± 3.7 mg CO2 kg-1 soil hr-1). Enzymes activities, organic carbon content of 3.8% on the 15th day of study and stable representation of microorganisms that include actinomycetes, fungi, heterogenous as well as soil nitrogen-mediatory bacteria were equally at their maximum level BH4 treatments. The phytotoxic assay showed no inhibitory effect on Solanum lycopersicum seeds and seedlings compared to the observed growth inhibition on the tested weeds (Amaranthus hybridus and Echinocholoa crus-galli) which corresponds with positive control glyphosate treatment. The glyphosate treated soil had the least critical results on parameters investigated during the study. The order of bioherbicidal activity is BH4>BH2>BH6>BH3>BH1>BH5>positive control. Results from this study confirmed the target efficacy of variably formulated pesta granules which is sustainable, cheap, ecologically suitable and recent. This is in addition to recognizing the microbial-derived formulations as characteristically potent alternative to chemical herbicides utility in agrosystems practice. Further study of the underlining factor responsible for the bioherbicidal performances of the variably formulated pesta granules and field trials are critical for their future commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria.
| | - Julius Kola Oloke
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Department of Pure and Applied Biology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Osarenkhoe Omorefosa Osemwegie
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Maslennikov PV, Chupakhina GN, Skrypnik LN, Feduraev PV, Melnik AS. The contribution of polyphenols to plant resistance to Pb soil pollution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00207233.2018.1440816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liubov N. Skrypnik
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Feduraev
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Beiyuan J, Lau AYT, Tsang DCW, Zhang W, Kao CM, Baek K, Ok YS, Li XD. Chelant-enhanced washing of CCA-contaminated soil: Coupled with selective dissolution or soil stabilization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:1463-1472. [PMID: 28903175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of CCA-contaminated soil (Cr, Cu, and As) by biodegradable chelant-enhanced washing (EDDS, S,S-ethylene-diamine-disuccinic-acid) needs further enhancement. This study investigated the effectiveness of coupling with pre-treatment by selective dissolution and post-treatment by soil amendments, respectively. Three groups of reagents (reductants, alkaline solvents, and organic ligands) were adopted in the pre-treatment to dissolve the oxide minerals before EDDS extraction. In the post-treatment, soil amendments (coal fly ash (CFA), acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS), green waste compost (GWC)), and their mixtures) were used for a 2-month stabilization after 2-h EDDS washing. Multi-endpoint evaluation was performed by assessing the chemical state, leachability, mobility, bioaccessibility, and plant-availability of residual metal(loid)s as well as the cytotoxicity, enzyme activities, and available nutrients of the treated soils. Pre-treatment by dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate significantly enhanced extraction efficiency, but also increased the leachability of As and Cr and bioaccessibility of Cr in the treated soils. While sodium hydroxide removed the majority of As without increasing its leachability and bioaccessibility, it increased the cytotoxicity and inhibited the acid phosphatase activity. Post-treatment with AMDS and CFA effectively controlled the mobility and leachability of residual As and Cr after EDDS washing. However, destabilized Cu was only marginally immobilized by GWC due to strong Cu-EDDS complexation. The bioaccessibility and phytoavailability of Cu was primarily reduced by EDDS washing, while those of As and Cr could be attenuated by AMDS and CFA. This study indicates that coupling chemical extraction with subsequent soil amendment plays complementary roles in mitigating effects of residual metal(loid)s and improving environmental quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzi Beiyuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abbe Y T Lau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abbas ZK. Rhizospheric soil enzyme activities and phytominimg potential of Aeluropus lagopoides and Cyperus conglomeratus growing in contaminated soils at the banks of artificial lake of reclaimed wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:1017-1022. [PMID: 28436692 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1319326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the phytoremediation potential of Aeluropus lagopoides and Cyperus conglomeratus, growing indigenously in the vicinity of an artificial lake of reclaimed water in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia . The sampling sites were located at different distances from the wastewater treatment plants. Trace metal contents were higher in roots than shoots in both these plants. Soil urease activity in rhizophere increased linearly along the sampling sites, however, soil alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities were higher at site 2 but at site 3, the activities of both these soil enzymes reduced. Significant correlations were observed between soil urease activity and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Cd, Cu, Pb, and As in A. lagopoides and translocation factor (TF) for all metals in both these plants. Soil β-glucosidase activity was negatively correlated with the TF of Cd, Cu, Pb, and As in A. lagopoides and positively in C. conglomeratus, respectively. Higher BCF of Cd, Cu and Pb than C. conglomeratus and suitable for phytostabilization, however at site 3, C. conglomeratus showed better phytostabilization efficiency for As, as the BCF of As was higher than the A. lagopoides. On the basis of metal accumulation efficiency and rhizospheric soil urease and β-glucosidase activities, A. lagopoides species proved to be a better option for application in phytostabilization strategy than C. conglomeratus plants in the area surrounding the artificial lake of reclaimed water in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , University of Tabuk , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tian H, Kong L, Megharaj M, He W. Contribution of attendant anions on cadmium toxicity to soil enzymes. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:19-26. [PMID: 28829948 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sorption and desorption are critical processes to control the mobility and biotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) in soils. It is known that attendant anion species of heavy metals could affect metal adsorption on soils and might further alter their biotoxicity. However, for Cd, the influence of attendant anions on its sorption in soils and subsequent toxicity on soil enzymes are still unknown. In this work, four Cd compounds with different salt anions (SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, and Ac-) were selected to investigate their impact of on the sorption, soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP). Thus, a series of simulated Cd pollution batch experiments including measuring adsorption-desorption behavior of Cd on soils and soil enzyme activities were carried out. Results showed that CdSO4 exhibited highest sorption capacity among the tested soils except in Hunan soil. The Cd sorption with NO3- displayed a similar behavior with Cl- on all tested soils. Compared with soil properties, all four kinds of anions on Cd sorption played a more significant role affecting Cd ecological toxicity to soil DHA and ALP. Cd in acetate or nitrate form appears more sensitive towards DHA than sulphate and chloride, while the later pair is more toxic towards ALP than the former. These results have important implications for evaluation of Cd contamination using soil enzyme as bioindicator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Tian
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Long Kong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Wenxiang He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gao G, Zeng X, Li Z, Chen A, Yang Z. Variations in several morphological characteristics and Cd/Pb accumulation capacities among different ecotypes of torpedograss responding to Cd-Pb stresses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:844-861. [PMID: 28156131 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1284759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Torpedograss (Panicum repens) has been recognized as an useful plant species for phytoremediation of water-level-fluctuation zones, which is a worldwide challenge. In this study, 10 ecotypes collected from tropical zone and flooded habitats (Group A) and subtropical zone and drought habitats (Group B) were used to clarify their responses to Cd-Pb stresses and effects of long-term adaptation on their morphological features and Cd-Pb accumulation capacities. Branch capacity, shoot and root biomasses of Group A under control were smaller than those of Group B, while the opposite results were observed under Cd-Pb stresses. The average plant shoot Cd concentrations of Group A under L-Cd-Pb and H-Cd-Pb were 24.84 and 52.38 mg kg-1, respectively, significantly lower than those of Group B (36.81 and 67.60 mg kg-1), while the variation among each group was insignificant, suggesting that habitat isolation and long-term adaptation may have led to differentiation in morphological features and metal uptake capacity. Torpedograss possesses high tolerance to Cd-Pb toxicities, and those ecotypes with larger biomass had higher Cd-Pb accumulation capacities. Torpedograss is a potential plant species for Cd phytoremediation and approximately 16 years would be required to clean soil contained by Cd as high as 10 mg kg-1 using the selected torpedograss ecotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijuan Gao
- a Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology , Guangdong University of Education , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaolong Zeng
- a Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology , Guangdong University of Education , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhidan Li
- a Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology , Guangdong University of Education , Guangzhou , China
| | - Aikui Chen
- a Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology , Guangdong University of Education , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- b Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xin J, Zhao X, Tan Q, Sun X, Wen X, Qin S, Hu C. The Effects of Cadmium Exposure on Cadmium Fractionation and Enzyme Activities in the Rhizosphere of Two Radish Cultivars (Raphanus sativus L.). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:290-295. [PMID: 27933329 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of increasing Cd additions on plant growth and Cd fractionation and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of two radish cultivars were investigated. The results showed that Cd concentrations in shoot and root of cultivar 4 were both higher than for cultivar 19 under different Cd levels. Compared with cultivar 19, the total, shoot and root biomasses of cultivar 4 were significantly reduced with increasing Cd levels. A decrease in soil pH was observed for cultivar 4. The exchangeable Cd concentration of soil from cultivar 4 was significantly higher than for soil from cultivar 19, while the carbonate-bound Cd concentration of soil from cultivar 4 was significantly lower than for cultivar 19. Enzyme activities, especially acid phosphatase activity, were more susceptible to Cd in soil from cultivar 4. These results indicated that cultivar 19 exhibits a stronger ability to adapt to Cd stress than cultivar 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xin
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiling Tan
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyu Qin
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers/Research Center of Trace Elements/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), MOE/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu YN, Guo ZH, Xiao XY, Wang S, Jiang ZC, Zeng P. Phytostabilisation potential of giant reed for metals contaminated soil modified with complex organic fertiliser and fly ash: A field experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:292-302. [PMID: 27788444 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An orthogonal field experiment of giant reed (Arundo donax) modified with organic complex fertiliser (OCF), and OCF and fly ash (O&F), at different planting densities was carried out in metal-contaminated soil. The available percentage of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in soil decreased from 8.45% to 2.19% and from 29.6% to 13.5% by OCF, respectively, and that of cadmium (Cd) was reduced from 25.3% to 6.49% by O&F. The total biomass of giant reed was 631g per individual following application of O&F in contaminated soil. The accumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in giant reed was 1.57, 4.06, and 11.25mg per individual. Urease and sucrase activity were 87.4NH4-Nμg/gd and 63.1glucosemg/gd in response to the treatments modified using OCF, while the highest dehydrogenase activity was 101 TPF (triphenyltetrazolium formazan) μg/gd in the treatments modified using O&F. Dominant bacteria (frequency>50%) were enriched with increasing planting density of giant reed. These results indicate that the phytostabilisation of metal-contaminated soil by giant reed could be improved by the application of O&F or OCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Liu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhao-Hui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Xi-Yuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhi-Chao Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Peng Zeng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu T, Wei L, Qiao M, Zou D, Yang X, Lin A. Mineralization of pyrene induced by interaction between Ochrobactrum sp. PW and ryegrass in spiked soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:290-296. [PMID: 27479773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the capability of pyrene-degrading bacterium Ochrobactrum sp. PW and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) grown alone and in combination on the degradation of pyrene in soil. After 60 days of ryegrass growth, plant biomass, pyrene-degrading microbial mass, soil enzyme activity (catalase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity) and residual concentration of pyrene in soils were determined. Higher dissipation rates were observed in PW inoculation treatments: ryegrass+PW rhizosphere soil (RP-r) and ryegrass+PW non-rhizosphere soil (RP-nr), than planting of ryegrass alone, rhizosphere (R-r) or non-rhizosphere (R-nr). The inoculation with PW significantly (p<0.05) increased the dry weight of ryegrass root and shoot, nearly 2.8 and 3.3 times higher than ryegrass treatment. The pyrene-degrading microbial mass indicated that a much larger mass of bacteria, actinobacteria were present in RP treatment. The catalase activity in all different treatments were significantly (p<0.05) higher than in with treatment R-nr, and the polyphenol oxidase activity was also significantly (p<0.05) increased by inoculation with PW, leading to enhanced mineralization of pyrene from soil. Our results suggest that adding of PAHs-degrading bacteria to soil can enhance remediation of PAHs contaminated soil, while improving plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lianshuang Wei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Min Qiao
- Department of Soil Environmental Sciences, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Dexun Zou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaojin Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Aijun Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China; Beijing City Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Matyja K, Małachowska-Jutsz A, Mazur AK, Grabas K. Assessment of toxicity using dehydrogenases activity and mathematical modeling. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:924-939. [PMID: 27021434 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrogenase activity is frequently used to assess the general condition of microorganisms in soil and activated sludge. Many studies have investigated the inhibition of dehydrogenase activity by various compounds, including heavy metal ions. However, the time after which the measurements are carried out is often chosen arbitrarily. Thus, it can be difficult to estimate how the toxic effects of compounds vary during the reaction and when the maximum of the effect would be reached. Hence, the aim of this study was to create simple and useful mathematical model describing changes in dehydrogenase activity during exposure to substances that inactivate enzymes. Our model is based on the Lagergrens pseudo-first-order equation, the rate of chemical reactions, enzyme activity, and inactivation and was created to describe short-term changes in dehydrogenase activity. The main assumption of our model is that toxic substances cause irreversible inactivation of enzyme units. The model is able to predict the maximum direct toxic effect (MDTE) and the time to reach this maximum (TMDTE). In order to validate our model, we present two examples: inactivation of dehydrogenase in microorganisms in soil and activated sludge. The model was applied successfully for cadmium and copper ions. Our results indicate that the predicted MDTE and TMDTE are more appropriate than EC50 and IC50 for toxicity assessments, except for long exposure times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Matyja
- Environmental Engineering Faculty, Department of Ecologistics and Environmental Risk Management, Wrocław University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Małachowska-Jutsz
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna K Mazur
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Grabas
- Environmental Engineering Faculty, Department of Ecologistics and Environmental Risk Management, Wrocław University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Valentim dos Santos J, Varón-López M, Fonsêca Sousa Soares CR, Lopes Leal P, Siqueira JO, de Souza Moreira FM. Biological attributes of rehabilitated soils contaminated with heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:6735-6748. [PMID: 26662102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two rehabilitation systems in sites contaminated by Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd on biological soil attributes [microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), basal and induced respiration, enzymatic activities, microorganism plate count, and bacterial and fungal community diversity and structure by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)]. These systems (S1 and S2) consisted of excavation (trenching) and replacement of contaminated soil by uncontaminated soil in rows with Eucalyptus camaldulensis planting (S1-R and S2-R), free of understory vegetation (S1-BR), or completely covered by Brachiaria decumbens (S2-BR) in between rows. A contaminated, non-rehabilitated (NR) site and two contamination-free sites [Cerrado (C) and pasture (P)] were used as controls. Cmic, densities of bacteria and actinobacteria, and enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, and urease) were significantly higher in the rehabilitated sites of system 2 (S2-R and S2-BR). However, even under high heavy metal contents (S1-R), the rehabilitation with eucalyptus was also effective. DGGE analysis revealed similarity in the diversity and structure of bacteria and fungi communities between rehabilitated sites and C site (uncontaminated). Principal component analysis showed clustering of rehabilitated sites (S2-R and S2-BR) with contamination-free sites, and S1-R was intermediate between the most and least contaminated sites, demonstrating that the soil replacement and revegetation improved the biological condition of the soil. The attributes that most explained these clustering were bacterial density, acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, fungal and actinobacterial densities, Cmic, and induced respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessé Valentim dos Santos
- Agricultural Microbiology Postgraduate Program, Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Maryeimy Varón-López
- Agricultural Microbiology Postgraduate Program, Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa Soares
- Department of Soil Science-Sector of Biology, Microbiology and Biological Processes Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
- Sector of Biology, Soil Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Postal Box 476, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Lopes Leal
- Department of Soil Science-Sector of Biology, Microbiology and Biological Processes Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - José Oswaldo Siqueira
- Department of Soil Science-Sector of Biology, Microbiology and Biological Processes Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
- Vale Technological Institute, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belem, PA, 60055-090, Brazil
| | - Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira
- Department of Soil Science-Sector of Biology, Microbiology and Biological Processes Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras, Postal Box 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Subrahmanyam G, Shen JP, Liu YR, Archana G, Zhang LM. Effect of long-term industrial waste effluent pollution on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community composition. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:112. [PMID: 26803661 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous studies have addressed the influence of exogenous pollutants on microorganisms, the effect of long-term industrial waste effluent (IWE) pollution on the activity and diversity of soil bacteria was still unclear. Three soil samples characterized as uncontaminated (R1), moderately contaminated (R2), and highly contaminated (R3) receiving mixed organic and heavy metal pollutants for more than 20 years through IWE were collected along the Mahi River basin, Gujarat, western India. Basal soil respiration and in situ enzyme activities indicated an apparent deleterious effect of IWE on microbial activity and soil function. Community composition profiling of soil bacteria using 16S rRNA gene amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method indicated an apparent bacterial community shift in the IWE-affected soils. Cloning and sequencing of DGGE bands revealed that the dominated bacterial phyla in polluted soil were affiliated with Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria, indicating that these bacterial phyla may have a high tolerance to pollutants. We suggested that specific bacterial phyla along with soil enzyme activities could be used as relevant biological indicators for long-term pollution assessment on soil quality. Graphical Abstract Bacterial community profiling and soil enzyme activities in long-term industrial waste effluent polluted soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, 785700, Assam, India
| | - Ju-Pei Shen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Gattupalli Archana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India
| | - Li-Mei Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pająk M, Błońska E, Frąc M, Oszust K. Functional Diversity and Microbial Activity of Forest Soils that Are Heavily Contaminated by Lead and Zinc. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2016; 227:348. [PMID: 27682197 PMCID: PMC5003905 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-016-3051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of metal contamination on microbial functional diversity and enzyme activity in forest soils. This study involved the evaluation of the influence of the texture, carbon content and distance to the source of contamination on the change in soil microbial activity, which did not investigate in previous studies. The study area is located in southern Poland near the city of Olkusz around the flotation sedimentation pond of lead and zinc at the Mining and Metallurgical Company "ZGH Bolesław, Inc.". The central point of the study area was selected as the middle part of the sedimentation pond. The experiment was conducted over a regular 500 × 500-m grid, where 33 sampling points were established. Contents of organic carbon and trace elements (Zn, Pb and Cd), pH and soil texture were investigated. The study included the determination of dehydrogenase and urease activities and microbial functional diversity evaluation based on the community-level physiological profiling approach by Biolog EcoPlate. The greatest reduction in the dehydrogenase and urease activities was observed in light sandy soils with Zn content >220 mg · kg-1 and a Pb content > 100 mg · kg-1. Soils with a higher concentration of fine fraction, despite having the greatest concentrations of metals, were characterized by high rates of Biolog®-derived parameters and a lower reduction of enzyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pająk
- Department of Forest Ecology and Reclamation, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29-go Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Błońska
- Department of Forest Soil, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29-go Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frąc
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Oszust
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xian Y, Wang M, Chen W. Quantitative assessment on soil enzyme activities of heavy metal contaminated soils with various soil properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 139:604-8. [PMID: 25585863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil enzyme activities are greatly influenced by soil properties and could be significant indicators of heavy metal toxicity in soil for bioavailability assessment. Two groups of experiments were conducted to determine the joint effects of heavy metals and soil properties on soil enzyme activities. Results showed that arylsulfatase was the most sensitive soil enzyme and could be used as an indicator to study the enzymatic toxicity of heavy metals under various soil properties. Soil organic matter (SOM) was the dominant factor affecting the activity of arylsulfatase in soil. A quantitative model was derived to predict the changes of arylsulfatase activity with SOM content. When the soil organic matter content was less than the critical point A (1.05% in our study), the arylsulfatase activity dropped rapidly. When the soil organic matter content was greater than the critical point A, the arylsulfatase activity gradually rose to higher levels showing that instead of harm the soil microbial activities were enhanced. The SOM content needs to be over the critical point B (2.42% in our study) to protect its microbial community from harm due to the severe Pb pollution (500mgkg(-1) in our study). The quantitative model revealed the pattern of variation of enzymatic toxicity due to heavy metals under various SOM contents. The applicability of the model under wider soil properties need to be tested. The model however may provide a methodological basis for ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Meie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ma SC, Zhang HB, Ma ST, Wang R, Wang GX, Shao Y, Li CX. Effects of mine wastewater irrigation on activities of soil enzymes and physiological properties, heavy metal uptake and grain yield in winter wheat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 113:483-490. [PMID: 25562177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In China, coal-mining industries are mainly located in the water shortage areas including arid or semiarid areas. Mine wastewater is used for irrigation of agricultural land in these areas. However, few studies have been conducted to address ecological and food safety risks caused by mine wastewater irrigation. In this research, a pot experiment was performed to examine the effects of mine wastewater irrigation on soil enzymes, physiological properties of wheat and potential risks of heavy metal contamination to wheat crop. Plants were subjected to three mine wastewater irrigation treatments: leacheate of coal gangue (T1), coal-washing wastewater (T2) and precipitated coal-washing wastewater (T3). Plants irrigated with well water were taken as the control (CK). The results showed that mine wastewater irrigation caused adverse effects on soil enzymes, physiological properties and grain yield of winter wheat. At anthesis, T1, T2 and T3 treatments significantly reduced the activities of soil enzymes (urease, sucrase and catalase), root activity and net photosynthetic rate of wheat compared to CK. At maturity, grain yield was decreased by 17.8%, 15.4% and 9.8% by T1, T2 and T3, respectively, as compared to that of CK. Importantly, mine wastewater irrigation resulted in accumulation of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn) in wheat grain. Contents of these heavy metals in grains of winter wheat subjected to mine wastewater irrigation were significantly higher than those in CK. The comprehensive contamination indexes of wheat grain in T1, T2 and T3 all reached high pollution level. Our results showed that mine wastewater irrigation significantly increased the pollution risk of heavy metals, thus unsuitable for crop irrigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chen Ma
- Field scientific Observation and Research Base of Land Use, Ministry of Land and Resources, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China.
| | - He-Bing Zhang
- Field scientific Observation and Research Base of Land Use, Ministry of Land and Resources, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Shou-Tian Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Field scientific Observation and Research Base of Land Use, Ministry of Land and Resources, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Gui-Xian Wang
- Field scientific Observation and Research Base of Land Use, Ministry of Land and Resources, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Yun Shao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chun-Xi Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|