1
|
Choreño-Parra JA, Ramon-Luing LA, Castillejos M, Ortega-Martínez E, Tapia-García AR, Matías-Martínez MB, Cruz-Lagunas A, Ramírez-Martínez G, Gómez-García IA, Ramírez-Noyola JA, Garcia-Padrón B, López-Salinas KG, Jiménez-Juárez F, Guadarrama-Ortiz P, Salinas-Lara C, Bozena-Piekarska K, Muñóz-Torrico M, Chávez-Galán L, Zúñiga J. The rs11684747 and rs55790676 SNPs of ADAM17 influence tuberculosis susceptibility and plasma levels of TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1392782. [PMID: 38881671 PMCID: PMC11177089 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1392782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The proteolytic activity of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) regulates the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptors (TNFRs) from cell surfaces. These molecules play important roles in tuberculosis (TB) shaping innate immune reactions and granuloma formation. Methods Here, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ADAM17 influence TNF and TNFRs levels in 224 patients with active TB (ATB) and 118 healthy close contacts. Also, we looked for significant associations between SNPs of ADAM17 and ATB status. TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2 levels were measured in plasma samples by ELISA. Four SNPs of ADAM17 (rs12692386, rs1524668, rs11684747, and rs55790676) were analyzed in DNA isolated from peripheral blood leucocytes. The association between ATB status, genotype, and cytokines was analyzed by multiple regression models. Results Our results showed a higher frequency of rs11684747 and rs55790676 in close contacts than ATB patients. Coincidentally, heterozygous to these SNPs of ADAM17 showed higher plasma levels of TNF compared to homozygous to their respective ancestral alleles. Strikingly, the levels of TNF and TNFRs distinguished participant groups, with ATB patients displaying lower TNF and higher TNFR1/TNFR2 levels compared to their close contacts. Conclusion These findings suggest a role for SNPs of ADAM17 in genetic susceptibility to ATB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Dirección de Enseñanza, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucero A Ramon-Luing
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Castillejos
- Departamento de Epidemiología Hospitalaria e Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Ortega-Martínez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, SEPI, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Alan Rodrigo Tapia-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Melvin Barish Matías-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Alejandra Gómez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Ariadna Ramírez-Noyola
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Garcia-Padrón
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Karen Gabriel López-Salinas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Jiménez-Juárez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Citlaltepetl Salinas-Lara
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Karolina Bozena-Piekarska
- Dirección de Enseñanza, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Muñóz-Torrico
- Clínica de Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leslie Chávez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martínez-Sotelo JA, Vallecillo AJ, Parada C, Segura E, Campuzano J, Silva-Miranda M, Servín-González L, Espitia C. Immune Response to the Recombinant Apa Protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Expressed in Streptomyces lividans After Intranasal Administration in Mice. Induction of Protective Response to Tubercle Bacillus Aerosols Exposure. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:197. [PMID: 38816607 PMCID: PMC11139747 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Identifying and evaluating potential vaccine candidates has become one of the main objectives to combat tuberculosis. Among them, mannosylated Apa antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the non-mannosylated protein expressed in Escherichia coli, have been studied. Although both proteins can induce a protective response in mice, it has been considered that native protein can be dispensed. In this work, we study the protective response induced by Apa expressed in E. coli and in Streptomyces lividans. The latter, like native is secreted as a double band of 45/47 kDa, however, only its 47 kDa band is mannosylated. Both antigens and BCG were intranasal administrated in mice, and animals were then challenged by aerosol with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The results showed that both, Apa from S. lividans and E. coli conferred statistically significantly protection to animals compared to controls. The cytokine immune response was studied by an immunoassay after animals' immunization, revealing that Apa from S. lividans induced a statistically significant proliferation of T cell, as well as the expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-10. In contrast, non-proliferation was obtained with non-mannosylated protein, but induction of IL-12 and IL-17 was observed. Together, these results demonstrate that both proteins were able to modulate a specific immune response against M. tuberculosis, that could be driven by different mechanisms possibly associated with the presence or not of mannosylation. Furthermore, stimulation of cells from BCG-vaccinated animals with the proteins could be an important tool, to help define the use of a given subunit-vaccine after BCG vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Martínez-Sotelo
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio J Vallecillo
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, C.P. 010205, Cuenca, Azu, Ecuador
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Parada
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Segura
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Campuzano
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra Silva-Miranda
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Servín-González
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clara Espitia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Catedrática CONAHCYT, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao XC, Ju B, Xiu NN, Sun XY, Meng FJ. When inflammatory stressors dramatically change, disease phenotypes may transform between autoimmune hematopoietic failure and myeloid neoplasms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339971. [PMID: 38426096 PMCID: PMC10902444 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome are paradigms of autoimmune hematopoietic failure (AHF). Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are unequivocal myeloid neoplasms (MNs). Currently, AA is also known to be a clonal hematological disease. Genetic aberrations typically observed in MNs are detected in approximately one-third of AA patients. In AA patients harboring MN-related genetic aberrations, a poor response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and an increased risk of transformation to MNs occurring either naturally or after IST are predicted. Approximately 10%-15% of patients with severe AA transform the disease phenotype to MNs following IST, and in some patients, leukemic transformation emerges during or shortly after IST. Phenotypic transformations between AHF and MNs can occur reciprocally. A fraction of advanced MN patients experience an aplastic crisis during which leukemic blasts are repressed. The switch that shapes the disease phenotype is a change in the strength of extramedullary inflammation. Both AHF and MNs have an immune-active bone marrow (BM) environment (BME). In AHF patients, an inflamed BME can be evoked by infiltrated immune cells targeting neoplastic molecules, which contributes to the BM-specific autoimmune impairment. Autoimmune responses in AHF may represent an antileukemic mechanism, and inflammatory stressors strengthen antileukemic immunity, at least in a significant proportion of patients who have MN-related genetic aberrations. During active inflammatory episodes, normal and leukemic hematopoieses are suppressed, which leads to the occurrence of aplastic cytopenia and leukemic cell regression. The successful treatment of underlying infections mitigates inflammatory stress-related antileukemic activities and promotes the penetration of leukemic hematopoiesis. The effect of IST is similar to that of treating underlying infections. Investigating inflammatory stress-powered antileukemic immunity is highly important in theoretical studies and clinical practice, especially given the wide application of immune-activating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of hematological neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chen Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Ju
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Nuan-Nuan Xiu
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fan-Jun Meng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A J, S S S, K S, T S M. Extracellular vesicles in bacterial and fungal diseases - Pathogenesis to diagnostic biomarkers. Virulence 2023; 14:2180934. [PMID: 36794396 PMCID: PMC10012962 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2180934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication among microbes plays an important role in disease exacerbation. Recent advances have described small vesicles, termed as "extracellular vesicles" (EVs), previously disregarded as "cellular dust" to be vital in the intracellular and intercellular communication in host-microbe interactions. These signals have been known to initiate host damage and transfer of a variety of cargo including proteins, lipid particles, DNA, mRNA, and miRNAs. Microbial EVs, referred to generally as "membrane vesicles" (MVs), play a key role in disease exacerbation suggesting their importance in pathogenicity. Host EVs help coordinate antimicrobial responses and prime the immune cells for pathogen attack. Hence EVs with their central role in microbe-host communication, may serve as important diagnostic biomarkers of microbial pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize current research regarding the roles of EVs as markers of microbial pathogenesis with specific focus on their interaction with host immune defence and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers in disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jnana A
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sadiya S S
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Satyamoorthy K
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Murali T S
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diel R, Breuer C, Bös L, Geerdes-Fenge H, Günther A, Häcker B, Hannemann J, Nienhaus A, Priwitzer M, Witte P, Bauer T. [Recommendations for Contact Tracing for Tuberculosis - Update 2023]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023; 85:1076-1098. [PMID: 37972583 DOI: 10.1055/a-2148-7769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of contact tracing for tuberculosis is in addition to active case finding the detection of chains of infection and the prevention of the further spread of the disease. In this context, a careful selection of contact persons is necessary, depending on the type and duration of contact, to identify persons who are recently infected and therefore to increase the benefit of a preventive therapy and to avoid unnecessary testing of persons who are not at risk of infection. Since the last update of the recommendations on contact tracing, data on the use of interferon-y release assays (IGRAs) in children has been improved markedly. These are the preferred test in contact tracing of adults. For children, both IGRAs and the tuberculin skin test can be used equivalently. Rifampicin for 4 months, rifampicin and isoniazid for 3 months, or isoniazid for 9 months are recommended as preventive therapy in cases of confirmed infection.The implementation of the contact tracing in different age groups as well as legal framework conditions and socio-medical aspects and challenges are dealt with in detail. In addition, special cases, such as environmental screening in day-care centers, schools, or other community facilities, are discussed separately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Diel
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Großhansdorf
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | - Cornelia Breuer
- Amt für Gesundheit und Prävention der Landeshauptstadt Dresden
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | | | | | | | - Brit Häcker
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | | | - Albert Nienhaus
- Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheits- und Wohlfahrtspflege, Hamburg
- Universitätskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | | | - Peter Witte
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
- Institut für Krankenhaushygiene, Universitätsklinikum JWK, Minden
| | - Torsten Bauer
- Helios-Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Diel R, Breuer C, Bös L, Geerdes-Fenge H, Günther A, Häcker B, Hannemann J, Nienhaus A, Priwitzer M, Witte P, Bauer T. [Recommendations for contact tracing for tuberculosis - update 2023]. Pneumologie 2023; 77:607-631. [PMID: 37536363 DOI: 10.1055/a-2107-2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of contact tracing for tuberculosis is in addition to active case finding the detection of chains of infection and the prevention of the further spread of the disease. In this context, a careful selection of contact persons is necessary, depending on the type and duration of contact, to identify persons who are recently infected and therefore to increase the benefit of a preventive therapy and to avoid unnecessary testing of persons who are not at risk of infection. Since the last update of the recommendations on contact tracing, data on the use of interferon-y release assays (IGRAs) in children has been improved markedly. These are the preferred test in contact tracing of adults. For children, both IGRAs and the tuberculin skin test can be used equivalently. Rifampicin for 4 months, rifampicin and isoniazid for 3 months, or isoniazid for 9 months are recommended as preventive therapy in cases of confirmed infection.The implementation of the contact tracing in different age groups as well as legal framework conditions and socio-medical aspects and challenges are dealt with in detail. In addition, special cases, such as environmental screening in day-care centers, schools, or other community facilities, are discussed separately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Diel
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Großhansdorf
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | - Cornelia Breuer
- Amt für Gesundheit und Prävention der Landeshauptstadt Dresden
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | | | | | | | - Brit Häcker
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| | | | - Albert Nienhaus
- Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheits- und Wohlfahrtspflege, Hamburg
- Universitätskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | | | - Peter Witte
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
- Institut für Krankenhaushygiene, Universitätsklinikum JWK, Minden
| | - Torsten Bauer
- Helios-Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
- Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose, Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pandey M, Talwar S, Pal R, Nain V, Johri S, Singhal A, Pandey AK. Transcription factor mce3R modulates antibiotics and disease persistence in Mycobacteriumtuberculosis. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104082. [PMID: 37244349 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), an etiological agent of tuberculosis, regulate a network of pathways that help prolong the survival of Mtb inside the host. In this study, we have characterized a transcription repressor gene (mce3R) from the TetR family, that encodes for Mce3R protein in Mtb. We demonstrated that the mce3R gene is dispensable for the growth of Mtb on cholesterol. Gene expression analysis suggests that the transcription of genes belonging to the mce3R regulon is independent of the carbon source. We found that, in comparison to the wild type, the mce3R deleted strain (Δmce3R) generated more intracellular ROS and demonstrated reduced susceptibility to oxidative stress. Total lipid analysis suggests that mce3R regulon encoded proteins modulate the biosynthesis of cell wall lipids in Mtb. Interestingly, the absence of Mce3R increased the frequency of generation of antibiotic persisters in Mtb and imparted in-vivo growth advantage phenotype in guinea pigs. In conclusion, genes belonging to the mce3R regulon modulate the frequency of generation of persisters in Mtb. Hence, targeting mce3R regulon encoded proteins could potentiate the current regimen by eliminating persisters during Mtb infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manitosh Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India; Department of Life Science, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sakshi Talwar
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rahul Pal
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhav Nain
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sonia Johri
- Department of Life Science, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Singhal
- Infectious Diseases Labs (ID Labs), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR, Singapore 138648, Republic of Singapore
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Budak M, Cicchese JM, Maiello P, Borish HJ, White AG, Chishti HB, Tomko J, Frye LJ, Fillmore D, Kracinovsky K, Sakal J, Scanga CA, Lin PL, Dartois V, Linderman JJ, Flynn JL, Kirschner DE. Optimizing tuberculosis treatment efficacy: Comparing the standard regimen with Moxifloxacin-containing regimens. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010823. [PMID: 37319311 PMCID: PMC10306236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world, causing ~1.5 million deaths every year. The World Health Organization initiated an End TB Strategy that aims to reduce TB-related deaths in 2035 by 95%. Recent research goals have focused on discovering more effective and more patient-friendly antibiotic drug regimens to increase patient compliance and decrease emergence of resistant TB. Moxifloxacin is one promising antibiotic that may improve the current standard regimen by shortening treatment time. Clinical trials and in vivo mouse studies suggest that regimens containing moxifloxacin have better bactericidal activity. However, testing every possible combination regimen with moxifloxacin either in vivo or clinically is not feasible due to experimental and clinical limitations. To identify better regimens more systematically, we simulated pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of various regimens (with and without moxifloxacin) to evaluate efficacies, and then compared our predictions to both clinical trials and nonhuman primate studies performed herein. We used GranSim, our well-established hybrid agent-based model that simulates granuloma formation and antibiotic treatment, for this task. In addition, we established a multiple-objective optimization pipeline using GranSim to discover optimized regimens based on treatment objectives of interest, i.e., minimizing total drug dosage and lowering time needed to sterilize granulomas. Our approach can efficiently test many regimens and successfully identify optimal regimens to inform pre-clinical studies or clinical trials and ultimately accelerate the TB regimen discovery process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maral Budak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Cicchese
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - H. Jacob Borish
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alexander G. White
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Harris B. Chishti
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jaime Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - L. James Frye
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel Fillmore
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kara Kracinovsky
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Sakal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Charles A. Scanga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - JoAnne L. Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Denise E. Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park HY, Choi SH, Kim D, Hwang J, Kwon Y, Kwon JW. Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis in patients following gastrectomy or endoscopic submucosal dissection: a cohort analysis of country-level data. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:405-414. [PMID: 36695980 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer adversely affects nutrition and immunity, while increasing the risk of tuberculosis (TB). This study investigated the incidence and risk factors for TB in gastric cancer patients who had undergone gastrectomy or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Korean national insurance claims data. We defined three study groups (total gastrectomy, subtotal gastrectomy, and ESD) of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer plus a cancer-free control group. The latent TB infection (LTBI) screening status, TB incidence, and potential confounders in each cohort were analyzed, and the risk of TB was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS LTBI tests were performed in less than 1% of all patients, and the TB incidence rates were 473.8, 287.4, 199.4, 111.1 events/100,000 person-years in the total gastrectomy, subtotal gastrectomy, ESD, and control cohorts, respectively. Compared to the control cohort, the total gastrectomy cohort showed the highest hazard ratio (HR) for TB incidence (HR: 2.896, 95% CI: 2.559-2.337), while the ESD cohort showed a significantly increased risk (HR: 1.578, 95% CI: 1.957-1.980). Age, body mass index, and lack of exercise were risk factors in all cohorts. Comorbidities were also considered risk factors, depending on the cohort type. CONCLUSIONS Patients who underwent gastrectomy or ESD had an increased risk of TB, and this risk was correlated with the scope of gastrectomy. Considering the low rate of LTBI diagnostic tests and increased risk of TB in the study cohorts, more specific and practical guidelines for TB management are required for gastric cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Young Park
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sun Ha Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dohyang Kim
- Department of Statistics, Daegu University, 38453, Gyeongsan-Si, South Korea
| | - Jinseub Hwang
- Department of Statistics, Daegu University, 38453, Gyeongsan-Si, South Korea
| | - Yeongkeun Kwon
- Division of Foregut Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Won Kwon
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qu C, Xu N, Niu D, Wen S, Yang H, Wang S, Wang G. Case Report: Suspected Case of Brucella-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923341. [PMID: 35935931 PMCID: PMC9353035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonoses. There are many similarities between the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and that of brucellosis. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may occur during the treatment of MTB infection, but it has not been reported in brucellosis cases thus far. We report the case of a 40-year-old male whose condition initially improved after adequate anti-Brucella therapy. However, 3 weeks later, the patient presented with exacerbation of symptoms and development of a paravertebral abscess. After exclusion of other possible causes of clinical deterioration, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) with brucellosis was presumed. After supplementation with anti-Brucella treatment with corticosteroids, the abscess disappeared, and the symptoms completely resolved. Our case suggests that it is necessary to be aware of the possible occurrence of IRIS in patients with brucellosis in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Qu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nannan Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dehong Niu
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Sai Wen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pellegrini JM, Gorvel JP, Mémet S. Immunosuppressive Mechanisms in Brucellosis in Light of Chronic Bacterial Diseases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071260. [PMID: 35888979 PMCID: PMC9324529 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is considered one of the major zoonoses worldwide, constituting a critical livestock and human health concern with a huge socio-economic burden. Brucella genus, its etiologic agent, is composed of intracellular bacteria that have evolved a prodigious ability to elude and shape host immunity to establish chronic infection. Brucella’s intracellular lifestyle and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as its specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are key factors for hiding and hampering recognition by the immune system. Here, we will review the current knowledge of evading and immunosuppressive mechanisms elicited by Brucella species to persist stealthily in their hosts, such as those triggered by their LPS and cyclic β-1,2-d-glucan or involved in neutrophil and monocyte avoidance, antigen presentation impairment, the modulation of T cell responses and immunometabolism. Attractive strategies exploited by other successful chronic pathogenic bacteria, including Mycobacteria, Salmonella, and Chlamydia, will be also discussed, with a special emphasis on the mechanisms operating in brucellosis, such as granuloma formation, pyroptosis, and manipulation of type I and III IFNs, B cells, innate lymphoid cells, and host lipids. A better understanding of these stratagems is essential to fighting bacterial chronic infections and designing innovative treatments and vaccines.
Collapse
|
12
|
Adverse effects of biologic anti-inflammatory agents on the respiratory system: A review. Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med 2021; 27. [PMID: 34430870 PMCID: PMC8327682 DOI: 10.7196/ajtccm.2021.v27i2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapy of autoimmune rheumatological conditions has undergone significant changes with the introduction of biologic antiinflammatory agents including cytokine antagonists and agents that interfere with the function of T and B cells or those that inhibit
intracellular enzymes such as Janus kinase (JAK). Although useful to control inflammation, these agents may be associated with druginduced lung disease, which may be difficult to differentiate from pulmonary disorders caused by the underlying autoimmune diseases.
This review aims to provide a description of lung disease, both infectious and non-infectious, that may be induced by the administration of
biologic anti-inflammatory agents with emphasis on inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and JAK.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang X, Xie Q, Ye Z, Li Y, Che Z, Huang M, Zeng J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tuberculosis: Clinical Challenges and Opportunities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695278. [PMID: 34367155 PMCID: PMC8340780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the communicable diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, affecting nearly one-third of the world's population. However, because the pathogenesis of TB is still not fully understood and the development of anti-TB drug is slow, TB remains a global public health problem. In recent years, with the gradual discovery and confirmation of the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), more and more studies, including our team's research, have shown that MSCs seem to be closely related to the growth status of Mtb and the occurrence and development of TB, which is expected to bring new hope for the clinical treatment of TB. This article reviews the relationship between MSCs and the occurrence and development of TB and the potential application of MSCs in the treatment of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanyun Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhengping Che
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mingyuan Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
HaileMariam M, Yu Y, Singh H, Teklu T, Wondale B, Worku A, Zewude A, Mounaud S, Tsitrin T, Legesse M, Gobena A, Pieper R. Protein and Microbial Biomarkers in Sputum Discern Acute and Latent Tuberculosis in Investigation of Pastoral Ethiopian Cohort. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:595554. [PMID: 34150670 PMCID: PMC8212885 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.595554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI) remains a public health priority in high TB burden countries. Pulmonary TB is diagnosed by sputum smear microscopy, chest X-rays, and PCR tests for distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genes. Clinical tests to diagnose LTBI rely on immune cell stimulation in blood plasma with TB-specific antigens followed by measurements of interferon-γ concentrations. The latter is an important cytokine for cellular immune responses against Mtb in infected lung tissues. Sputum smear microscopy and chest X-rays are not sufficiently sensitive while both PCR and interferon-γ release assays are expensive. Alternative biomarkers for the development of diagnostic tests to discern TB disease states are desirable. This study's objective was to discover sputum diagnostic biomarker candidates from the analysis of samples from 161 human subjects including TB patients, individuals with LTBI, negative community controls (NCC) from the province South Omo, a pastoral region in Ethiopia. We analyzed 16S rRNA gene-based bacterial taxonomies and proteomic profiles. The sputum microbiota did not reveal statistically significant differences in α-diversity comparing the cohorts. The genus Mycobacterium, representing Mtb, was only identified for the TB group which also featured reduced abundance of the genus Rothia in comparison with the LTBI and NCC groups. Rothia is a respiratory tract commensal and may be sensitive to the inflammatory milieu generated by infection with Mtb. Proteomic data supported innate immune responses against the pathogen in subjects with pulmonary TB. Ferritin, an iron storage protein released by damaged host cells, was markedly increased in abundance in TB sputum compared to the LTBI and NCC groups, along with the α-1-acid glycoproteins ORM1 and ORM2. These proteins are acute phase reactants and inhibit excessive neutrophil activation. Proteomic data highlight the effector roles of neutrophils in the anti-Mtb response which was not observed for LTBI cases. Less abundant in the sputum of the LTBI group, compared to the NCC group, were two immunomodulatory proteins, mitochondrial TSPO and the extracellular ribonuclease T2. If validated, these proteins are of interest as new biomarkers for diagnosis of LTBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milkessa HaileMariam
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yanbao Yu
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Harinder Singh
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Takele Teklu
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biniam Wondale
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Worku
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aboma Zewude
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Tamara Tsitrin
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ameni Gobena
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rembert Pieper
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mirzaei R, Babakhani S, Ajorloo P, Ahmadi RH, Hosseini-Fard SR, Keyvani H, Ahmadyousefi Y, Teimoori A, Zamani F, Karampoor S, Yousefimashouf R. The emerging role of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Mol Med 2021; 27:34. [PMID: 33794771 PMCID: PMC8017856 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been the world's driving fatal bacterial contagious disease globally. It continues a public health emergency, and around one-third of the global community has been affected by latent TB infection (LTBI). This is mostly due to the difficulty in diagnosing and treating patients with TB and LTBI. Exosomes are nanovesicles (40-100 nm) released from different cell types, containing proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA, and they allow the transfer of one's cargo to other cells. The functional and diagnostic potential of exosomal miRNAs has been demonstrated in bacterial infections, including TB. Besides, it has been recognized that cells infected by intracellular pathogens such as Mtb can be secreting an exosome, which is implicated in the infection's fate. Exosomes, therefore, open a unique viewpoint on the investigative process of TB pathogenicity. This study explores the possible function of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, we include the latest data on the pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomal miRNAs in TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sajad Babakhani
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Ajorloo
- Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Heidari Ahmadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Ahmadyousefi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Teimoori
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Yousefimashouf
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sarangi A, Das BS, Patnaik G, Sarkar S, Debnath M, Mohan M, Bhattacharya D. Potent anti-mycobacterial and immunomodulatory activity of some bioactive molecules of Indian ethnomedicinal plants that have the potential to enter in TB management. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1578-1599. [PMID: 33772980 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases of human civilization. Approximately one-third of global population is latently infected with the TB pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). The discovery of anti-TB antibiotics leads to decline in death rate of TB. However, the evolution of antibiotic-resistant M.tb-strain and the resurgence of different immune-compromised diseases re-escalated the death rate of TB. WHO has already cautioned about the chances of pandemic situation in TB endemic countries until the discovery of new anti-tubercular drugs, that is, the need of the hour. Analysing the pathogenesis of TB, it was found that M.tb evades the host by altering the balance of immune response and affects either by killing the cells or by creating inflammation. In the pre-antibiotic era, traditional medicines were only therapeutic measures for different infectious diseases including tuberculosis. The ancient literatures of India or ample Indian traditional knowledge and ethnomedicinal practices are evidence for the treatment of TB using different indigenous plants. However, in the light of modern scientific approach, anti-TB effects of those plants and their bioactive molecules were not established thoroughly. In this review, focus has been given on five bioactive molecules of different traditionally used Indian ethnomedicinal plants for treatment of TB or TB-like symptom. These compounds are also validated with proper identification and their mode of action with modern scientific approaches. The effectiveness of these molecules for sensitive or drug-resistant TB pathogen in clinical or preclinical studies was also evaluated. Thus, our specific aim is to highlight such scientifically validated bioactive compounds having anti-mycobacterial and immunomodulatory activity for future use as medicine or adjunct-therapeutic molecule for TB management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sarangi
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - B S Das
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - G Patnaik
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Barsal High School, Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - M Debnath
- Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Panskura, West Bengal, India
| | - M Mohan
- ICMR-National Institute of Malarial Research (NIMR), New Delhi, India
| | - D Bhattacharya
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Park JH, Shim D, Kim KES, Lee W, Shin SJ. Understanding Metabolic Regulation Between Host and Pathogens: New Opportunities for the Development of Improved Therapeutic Strategies Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:635335. [PMID: 33796480 PMCID: PMC8007978 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.635335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes chronic granulomatous lung disease in humans. Recently, novel strategies such as host-directed therapeutics and adjunctive therapies that enhance the effect of existing antibiotics have emerged to better control Mtb infection. Recent advances in understanding the metabolic interplay between host immune cells and pathogens have provided new insights into how their interactions ultimately influence disease outcomes and antibiotic-treatment efficacy. In this review, we describe how metabolic cascades in immune environments and relevant metabolites produced from immune cells during Mtb infection play critical roles in the progression of diseases and induction of anti-Mtb protective immunity. In addition, we introduce how metabolic alterations in Mtb itself can lead to the development of persister cells that are resistant to host immunity and can eventually evade antibiotic attacks. Further understanding of the metabolic link between host cells and Mtb may contribute to not only the prevention of Mtb persister development but also the optimization of host anti-Mtb immunity together with enhanced efficacy of existing antibiotics. Overall, this review highlights novel approaches to improve and develop host-mediated therapeutic strategies against Mtb infection by restoring and switching pathogen-favoring metabolic conditions with host-favoring conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hae Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dahee Shim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keu Eun San Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonsik Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Naik S, Alexander M, Kumar P, Kulkarni V, Deshpande P, Yadana S, Leu CS, Araújo-Pereira M, Andrade BB, Bhosale R, Babu S, Gupta A, Mathad JS, Shivakoti R. Systemic Inflammation in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 11:587617. [PMID: 33584652 PMCID: PMC7873478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies in adults have characterized differences in systemic inflammation between adults with and without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI+ vs. LTBI−). Potential differences in systemic inflammation by LTBI status has not been assess in pregnant women. Methods We conducted a cohort study of 155 LTBI+ and 65 LTBI− pregnant women, stratified by HIV status, attending an antenatal clinic in Pune, India. LTBI status was assessed by interferon gamma release assay. Plasma was used to measure systemic inflammation markers using immunoassays: IFNβ, CRP, AGP, I-FABP, IFNγ, IL-1β, soluble CD14 (sCD14), sCD163, TNF, IL-6, IL-17a and IL-13. Linear regression models were fit to test the association of LTBI status with each inflammation marker. We also conducted an exploratory analysis using logistic regression to test the association of inflammatory markers with TB progression. Results Study population was a median age of 23 (Interquartile range: 21–27), 28% undernourished (mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <23 cm), 12% were vegetarian, 10% with gestational diabetes and 32% with HIV. In multivariable models, LTBI+ women had significantly lower levels of third trimester AGP, IL1β, sCD163, IL-6 and IL-17a. Interestingly, in exploratory analysis, LTBI+ TB progressors had significantly higher levels of IL1β, IL-6 and IL-13 in multivariable models compared to LTBI+ non-progressors. Conclusions Our data shows a distinct systemic immune profile in LTBI+ pregnant women compared to LTBI− women. Data from our exploratory analysis suggest that LTBI+ TB progressors do not have this immune profile, suggesting negative association of this profile with TB progression. If other studies confirm these differences by LTBI status and show a causal relationship with TB progression, this immune profile could identify subsets of LTBI+ pregnant women at high risk for TB progression and who can be targeted for preventative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Naik
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Mallika Alexander
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Pavan Kumar
- International Center for Excellence in Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Vandana Kulkarni
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Prasad Deshpande
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Su Yadana
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cheng-Shiun Leu
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Instituto Goncalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research, Fundação José Silveira, New York, NY, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Instituto Goncalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research, Fundação José Silveira, New York, NY, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil.,Escola de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate International Universities, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ramesh Bhosale
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Subash Babu
- International Center for Excellence in Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Amita Gupta
- Byramjee-Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jyoti S Mathad
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rupak Shivakoti
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Identifies Key Modules and Hub Genes Associated with Mycobacterial Infection of Human Macrophages. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020097. [PMID: 33498280 PMCID: PMC7909288 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Treatments remain unsatisfactory due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying host–pathogen interactions during infection. In the present study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify key macrophage modules and hub genes associated with mycobacterial infection. WGCNA was performed combining our own transcriptomic results using Mycobacterium aurum-infected human monocytic macrophages (THP1) with publicly accessible datasets obtained from three types of macrophages infected with seven different mycobacterial strains in various one-to-one combinations. A hierarchical clustering tree of 11,533 genes was built from 198 samples, and 47 distinct modules were revealed. We identified a module, consisting of 226 genes, which represented the common response of host macrophages to different mycobacterial infections that showed significant enrichment in innate immune stimulation, bacterial pattern recognition, and leukocyte chemotaxis. Moreover, by network analysis applied to the 74 genes with the best correlation with mycobacteria infection, we identified the top 10 hub-connecting genes: NAMPT, IRAK2, SOCS3, PTGS2, CCL20, IL1B, ZC3H12A, ABTB2, GFPT2, and ELOVL7. Interestingly, apart from the well-known Toll-like receptor and inflammation-associated genes, other genes may serve as novel TB diagnosis markers and potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ritter K, Sodenkamp JC, Hölscher A, Behrends J, Hölscher C. IL-6 is not Absolutely Essential for the Development of a TH17 Immune Response after an Aerosol Infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010009. [PMID: 33375150 PMCID: PMC7822128 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases often increases susceptibility to infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). Since numerous chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are mediated by interleukin (IL)-6-induced T helper (TH) 17 cells, a TH17-directed anti-inflammatory therapy may be preferable to an IL-12-dependent TH1 inhibition in order to avoid reactivation of latent infections. To assess, however, the risk of inhibition of IL-6-dependent TH17-mediated inflammation, we examined the TH17 immune response and the course of experimental TB in IL-6- and T-cell-specific gp130-deficient mice. Our study revealed that the absence of IL-6 or gp130 on T cells has only a minor effect on the development of antigen-specific TH1 and TH17 cells. Importantly, these gene-deficient mice were as capable as wild type mice to control mycobacterial infection. Together, in contrast to its key function for TH17 development in other inflammatory diseases, IL-6 plays an inferior role for the generation of TH17 immune responses during experimental TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ritter
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Jan Christian Sodenkamp
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Alexandra Hölscher
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.C.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Jochen Behrends
- Core Facility Fluorescence Cytometry, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany;
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.C.S.); (A.H.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Joao I, Bujdáková H, Jordao L. Opportunist Coinfections by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and Fungi in Immunocompromised Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110771. [PMID: 33147819 PMCID: PMC7693372 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and many fungal species (spp.) are commonly associated with opportunistic infections (OPIs) in immunocompromised individuals. Moreover, occurrence of concomitant infection by NTM (mainly spp. of Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium abscessus complex) and fungal spp. (mainly, Aspergillus fumigatus, Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans) is very challenging and is associated with poor patient prognosis. The most frequent clinical symptoms for coinfection and infection by single agents (fungi or NTM) are similar. For this reason, the accurate identification of the aetiological agent(s) is crucial to select the best treatment approach. Despite the significance of this topic it has not been sufficiently addressed in the literature. This review aims at summarizing case reports and studies on NTM and fungi coinfection during the last 20 years. In addition, it briefly characterizes OPIs and coinfection, describes key features of opportunistic pathogens (e.g., NTM and fungi) and human host predisposing conditions to OPIs onset and outcome. The review could interest a wide spectrum of audiences, including medical doctors and scientists, to improve awareness of these infections, leading to early identification in clinical settings and increasing research in the field. Improved diagnosis and availability of therapeutic options might contribute to improve the prognosis of patients’ survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Joao
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Helena Bujdáková
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (L.J.)
| | - Luisa Jordao
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (L.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sharma T, Grover S, Arora N, P M, Ehtesham NZ, Hasnain SE. PGRS Domain of Rv0297 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Involved in Modulation of Macrophage Functions to Favor Bacterial Persistence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:451. [PMID: 33042856 PMCID: PMC7517703 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) Rv0297-encoded PE_PGRS5 has been known to be expressed at the later stages of infection and in acidified phagosomes during transcriptome and proteomic studies. The possible role of Rv0297 in the modulation of phagosomal maturation and in providing protection against a microbicidal environment has been hypothesized. We show that Rv0297PGRS is involved in modulating the calcium homeostasis of macrophages followed by impedance of the phagolysosomal acidification process. This is evident from the downregulation of the late endosomal markers (Rab7 and cathepsin D) in the macrophages infected with recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis (rM.smeg)—M.smeg_Rv0297 and M.smeg_Rv0297PGRS—or treated with recombinant Rv0297PGRS protein. Macrophages infected with rM.smeg expressing Rv0297 produce nitric oxide and undergo apoptosis, which may aid in the dissemination of pathogen in the later stages of infection. Rv0297 was also found to be involved in rescuing the bacterium from oxidative and hypoxic stress employed by macrophages and augmented the survivability of the recombinant bacterium. These results attribute to the functional significance of this protein in M.tb virulence mechanism. The fact that this protein gets expressed at the later stages of lung granulomas during M.tb infection suggests that the bacterium possibly employs Rv0297 as its dissemination and survival strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarina Sharma
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Grover
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Arora
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjunath P
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Khan AU, Khanduri S, Tarin Z, Abbas SZ, Husain M, Singh A, Yadav P, Jain S. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Lung in patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. J Clin Imaging Sci 2020; 10:39. [PMID: 32754374 PMCID: PMC7395553 DOI: 10.25259/jcis_78_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to characterize findings of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) (80 keV, 140 keV, and mixed) in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and to compare and correlate HRCT and DECT findings. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 67 patients of 18-65 years of age who were suspected cases of pulmonary TB with signs and symptoms of cough, fever, hemoptysis, sputum, night sweats, and weight loss with positive sputum AFB examinations/bronchoalveolar lavage. All the patients subjected to HRCT scan and followed with DECT scan. Comparison of various imaging techniques (DECT 80 keV, DECT 140 keV, and DECT mixed) with HRCT was done for detecting lung findings and data so obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Results On comparing the various imaging techniques with HRCT for detecting consolidation, tree in bud pattern, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacity, bronchiectasis, atelectasis, nodules, granuloma, peribronchial thickening, and fibrosis, the maximum agreement of HRCT was found with DECT 80 keV and minimum agreement was found with DECT 140 keV. Conclusion The study concluded that DECT 80 keV monochromatic reconstructions among 80 keV, mixed, and 140 keV monochromatic reconstructions in lung parenchyma window settings are a faster and better analytical tool for the assessment of findings of pulmonary TB when compared with HRCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Umar Khan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin Khanduri
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zikra Tarin
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Zain Abbas
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mushahid Husain
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anchal Singh
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreshtha Jain
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Howell AK, McCann CM, Wickstead F, Williams DJL. Co-infection of cattle with Fasciola hepatica or F. gigantica and Mycobacterium bovis: A systematic review. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226300. [PMID: 31887151 PMCID: PMC6936813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver flukes, Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, are common trematode parasites of livestock. F. hepatica is known to modulate the immune response, including altering the response to co-infecting pathogens. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is a chronic disease which is difficult to control and is of both animal welfare and public health concern. Previous research has suggested that infection with liver fluke may affect the accuracy of the bTB skin test, but direction of the effect differs between studies. In a systematic review of the literature, all experimental and observational studies concerning co-infection with these two pathogens were sought. Data were extracted on the association between fluke infection and four measures of bTB diagnosis or pathology, namely, the bTB skin test, interferon γ test, lesion detection and culture/bacterial recovery. Of a large body of literature dating from 1950 to 2019, only thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. These included studies of experimentally infected calves, case control studies on adult cows, cross sectional abattoir studies and a herd level study. All the studies had a medium or high risk of bias. The balance of evidence from the 13 studies included in the review suggests that liver fluke exposure was associated with either no effect or a decreased response to all of the four aspects of bTB diagnosis assessed: skin test, IFN γ, lesion detection and mycobacteria cultured or recovered. Most studies showed a small and/or non-significant effect so the clinical and practical importance of the observed effect is likely to be modest, although it could be more significant in particular groups of animals, such as dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison K. Howell
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Catherine M. McCann
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Wickstead
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Diana J. L. Williams
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pennisi M, Russo G, Sgroi G, Bonaccorso A, Parasiliti Palumbo GA, Fichera E, Mitra DK, Walker KB, Cardona PJ, Amat M, Viceconti M, Pappalardo F. Predicting the artificial immunity induced by RUTI® vaccine against tuberculosis using universal immune system simulator (UISS). BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:504. [PMID: 31822272 PMCID: PMC6904993 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) represents a worldwide cause of mortality (it infects one third of the world's population) affecting mostly developing countries, including India, and recently also developed ones due to the increased mobility of the world population and the evolution of different new bacterial strains capable to provoke multi-drug resistance phenomena. Currently, antitubercular drugs are unable to eradicate subpopulations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacilli and therapeutic vaccinations have been postulated to overcome some of the critical issues related to the increase of drug-resistant forms and the difficult clinical and public health management of tuberculosis patients. The Horizon 2020 EC funded project "In Silico Trial for Tuberculosis Vaccine Development" (STriTuVaD) to support the identification of new therapeutic interventions against tuberculosis through novel in silico modelling of human immune responses to disease and vaccines, thereby drastically reduce the cost of clinical trials in this critical sector of public healthcare. RESULTS We present the application of the Universal Immune System Simulator (UISS) computational modeling infrastructure as a disease model for TB. The model is capable to simulate the main features and dynamics of the immune system activities i.e., the artificial immunity induced by RUTI® vaccine, a polyantigenic liposomal therapeutic vaccine made of fragments of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells (FCMtb). Based on the available data coming from phase II Clinical Trial in subjects with latent tuberculosis infection treated with RUTI® and isoniazid, we generated simulation scenarios through validated data in order to tune UISS accordingly to STriTuVaD objectives. The first case simulates the establishment of MTB latent chronic infection with some typical granuloma formation; the second scenario deals with a reactivation phase during latent chronic infection; the third represents the latent chronic disease infection scenario during RUTI® vaccine administration. CONCLUSIONS The application of this computational modeling strategy helpfully contributes to simulate those mechanisms involved in the early stages and in the progression of tuberculosis infection and to predict how specific therapeutical strategies will act in this scenario. In view of these results, UISS owns the capacity to open the door for a prompt integration of in silico methods within the pipeline of clinical trials, supporting and guiding the testing of treatments in patients affected by tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzio Pennisi
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Russo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Italy, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sgroi
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Bonaccorso
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Italy, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Dipendra Kumar Mitra
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Kenneth B. Walker
- TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative (TBVI), Lelystad, 8219 The Netherlands
| | - Pere-Joan Cardona
- Archivel Farma, S.L, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit (UTE), Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Merce Amat
- Archivel Farma, S.L, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Marco Viceconti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kleinwort KJ, Hauck SM, Degroote RL, Scholz AM, Hölzel C, Maertlbauer EP, Deeg C. Peripheral blood bovine lymphocytes and MAP show distinctly different proteome changes and immune pathways in host-pathogen interaction. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8130. [PMID: 31788366 PMCID: PMC6882418 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a pathogen causing paratuberculosis in cattle and small ruminants. During the long asymptomatic subclinical stage, high numbers of MAP are excreted and can be transmitted to food for human consumption, where they survive many of the standard techniques of food decontamination. Whether MAP is a human pathogen is currently under debate. The aim of this study was a better understanding of the host-pathogen response by analyzing the interaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cattle with MAP in their exoproteomes/secretomes to gain more information about the pathogenic mechanisms of MAP. Because in other mycobacterial infections, the immune phenotype correlates with susceptibility, we additionally tested the interaction of MAP with recently detected cattle with a different immune capacity referred as immune deviant (ID) cows. In PBL, different biological pathways were enhanced in response to MAP dependent on the immune phenotype of the host. PBL of control cows activated members of cell activation and chemotaxis of leukocytes pathway as well as IL-12 mediated signaling. In contrast, in ID cows CNOT1 was detected as highly abundant protein, pointing to a different immune response, which could be favorable for MAP. Additionally, MAP exoproteomes differed in either GroEL1 or DnaK abundance, depending on the interacting host immune response. These finding point to an interdependent, tightly regulated response of the bovine immune system to MAP and vise versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit for Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Roxane L. Degroote
- Chair of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Armin M. Scholz
- Livestock Center of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Christina Hölzel
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, CAU Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Chair of Hygiene and Technology of Milk, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Erwin P. Maertlbauer
- Chair of Hygiene and Technology of Milk, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Cornelia Deeg
- Chair of Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mezouar S, Diarra I, Roudier J, Desnues B, Mege JL. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Antagonist Interferes With the Formation of Granulomatous Multinucleated Giant Cells: New Insights Into Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1947. [PMID: 31475008 PMCID: PMC6702871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
More than half of tuberculosis cases in the world are due to resuscitation of dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) sequestered into cell-derived structures called granulomas. It is fairly admitted that cytokines and more particularly Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α is critical in the control of Mtb infections and that anti-TNF-α drugs constitute one of the main risk factors for reactivation of latent Mtb infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of etanercept, a dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding portion of the human p75 TNF receptor linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1, in an in vitro model of human tuberculous granuloma. We showed that etanercept slightly delayed the formation of granuloma and reduced the generation of multinuclear giant cells (MGCs). In addition, etanercept exacerbated the expression of M1 polarization genes but also induced interleukin (IL)-10 release. In addition, our results indicated that etanercept inhibited cell fusion in an IL-10-dependent manner. Moreover, adalimumab, a human monoclonal anti-TNF-α IgG1 inhibited MGC formation in granuloma, without altering IL-10 secretion and induced macrophage apoptosis. Taken together, our data provides new insights into the role of TNF-α blockers in MGCs formation and the impact of such immunomodulatory drugs on tuberculous granuloma maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mezouar
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Issa Diarra
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Roudier
- Department of Rheumatology, Institut du Mouvement et de l'appareil Locomoteur, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, UF Immunologie, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gene expression profiles during subclinical Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in sheep can predict disease outcome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8245. [PMID: 31160677 PMCID: PMC6547741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis in ruminants is caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) however exposure does not predetermine progression to clinical disease. The pathogenesis incorporates a subclinical phase during which MAP is capable of evading host immune responses through adaptation of host cellular immune mechanisms. Presented are results of transcriptomic analysis of Merino sheep experimentally exposed to MAP and repeatedly sampled over the subclinical phase, identifying genes consistently changed over time in comparison to unexposed controls and associated with different disease outcomes. MAP exposed sheep were classified as diseased 45% (n = 9) or resilient 55% (n = 11). Significant gene expression changes were identified in the white blood cells of paucibacillary (n = 116), multibacillary (n = 98) and resilient cohorts (n = 53) compared to controls. Members of several gene families were differentially regulated, including S100 calcium binding, lysozyme function, MHC class I and class II, T cell receptor and transcription factors. The microarray findings were validated by qPCR. These differentially regulated genes are presented as putative biomarkers of MAP exposure, or of the specified disease or resilience outcomes. Further, in silico functional analysis of genes suggests that experimental MAP exposure in Merino sheep results in adaptations to cellular growth, proliferation and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lyu L, Zhang X, Li C, Yang T, Wang J, Pan L, Jia H, Li Z, Sun Q, Yue L, Chen F, Zhang Z. Small RNA Profiles of Serum Exosomes Derived From Individuals With Latent and Active Tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1174. [PMID: 31191492 PMCID: PMC6546874 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has been the leading lethal infectious disease worldwide since 2014, and about one third of the world’s population has a latent TB infection (LTBI). This is largely attributed to the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of TB and LTBI patients. Exosomes offer a new perspective on investigation of the process of TB infection. In this study, we performed small RNA sequencing to explore small RNA profiles of serum exosomes derived from LTBI and TB patients and healthy controls (HC). Our results revealed distinct miRNA profile of the exosomes in the three groups. We screened 250 differentially expressed miRNAs including 130 specifically expressed miRNAs. Some miRNAs were further validated to be specifically expressed in LTBI (hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-miR-450a-5p, and hsa-miR-140-5p) and TB samples (hsa-miR-1246, hsa-miR-2110, hsa-miR-370-3P, hsa-miR-28-3p, and hsa-miR-193b-5p). Additionally, we demonstrated four expression panels in LTBI and TB groups, and six expression patterns among the three groups. These specifically expressed miRNAs and differentially expressed miRNAs in different panels and patterns provide potential biomarkers for detection/diagnosis of latent and active TB using exosomal miRNAs. Additionally, we also discovered plenty of small RNAs derived from genomic repetitive sequences, which might play roles in host immune responses along with Mtb infection progresses. Overall, our findings provide important reference and an improved understanding about miRNAs and repetitive region-derived small RNAs in exosomes during the Mtb infectious process, and facilitate the development of potential molecular targets for detection/diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuidan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongde Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Savage KT, Flood KS, Porter ML, Kimball AB. TNF-α inhibitors in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2019; 10:2040622319851640. [PMID: 31191873 PMCID: PMC6540495 DOI: 10.1177/2040622319851640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a complex disease with a dramatic impact on the quality of life of patients that it afflicts. Despite this, there are few treatment options offering long-term relief. The exact pathophysiology of HS is unclear, although the current theory involves follicular obstruction, rupture, and subsequent inflammation leading to fistula and abscess development in intertriginous skin. Several inflammatory modulators have been implicated in the development of HS, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α as well as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, and IL-17. Initial evidence for the use of TNF-α inhibitors in HS stemmed from recognition that inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with these medications saw a concurrent improvement in their HS symptoms. Early case reports and case series illustrated TNF-α inhibitors’ value in the treatment of HS. Later, two phase III clinical trials, PIONEER I and PIONEER II, demonstrated that adalimumab is an efficacious treatment for HS. Infliximab represents another effective HS treatment option with its main advantage being dosing flexibility. In contrast, clinical trials have failed to show evidence for application of etanercept in HS. There is limited data on other TNF-α inhibitors such as certolizumab-pegol and golimumab. This review outlines the history, dosing, response, and adverse effects of TNF-α inhibitors in the treatment of HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Savage
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Kelsey S Flood
- Harvard Medical School and Clinical Laboratory for Epidemiology and Applied Research in Skin (CLEARS), Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Martina L Porter
- Harvard Medical School and Clinical Laboratory for Epidemiology and Applied Research in Skin (CLEARS), Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Alexa B Kimball
- Alexa B. Kimball Harvard Medical Faculty Physicians, Harvard Medical School and Clinical Laboratory for Epidemiology and Applied Research in Skin (CLEARS), Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rossi I, Buttini F, Sonvico F, Affaticati F, Martinelli F, Annunziato G, Machado D, Viveiros M, Pieroni M, Bettini R. Sodium Hyaluronate Nanocomposite Respirable Microparticles to Tackle Antibiotic Resistance with Potential Application in Treatment of Mycobacterial Pulmonary Infections. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11050203. [PMID: 31052403 PMCID: PMC6571635 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis resistant cases have been estimated to grow every year. Besides Mycobacterium tuberculosis, other mycobacterial species are responsible for an increasing number of difficult-to-treat infections. To increase efficacy of pulmonary treatment of mycobacterial infections an inhalable antibiotic powder targeting infected alveolar macrophages (AMs) and including an efflux pump inhibitor was developed. Low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate sub-micron particles were efficiently loaded with rifampicin, isoniazid and verapamil, and transformed in highly respirable microparticles (mean volume diameter: 1 μm) by spray drying. These particles were able to regenerate their original size upon contact with aqueous environment with mechanical stirring or sonication. The in vitro drugs release profile from the powder was characterized by a slow release rate, favorable to maintain a high drug level inside AMs. In vitro antimicrobial activity and ex vivo macrophage infection assays employing susceptible and drug resistant strains were carried out. No significant differences were observed when the powder, which did not compromise the AMs viability after a five-day exposure, was compared to the same formulation without verapamil. However, both preparations achieved more than 80% reduction in bacterial viability irrespective of the drug resistance profile. This approach can be considered appropriate to treat mycobacterial respiratory infections, regardless the level of drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rossi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
- Interdipartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, BIOPHARMANET TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesca Buttini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
- Interdipartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, BIOPHARMANET TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
- Interdipartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, BIOPHARMANET TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Filippo Affaticati
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Martinelli
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Giannamaria Annunziato
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Diana Machado
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Viveiros
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Marco Pieroni
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ruggero Bettini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
- Interdipartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, BIOPHARMANET TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Raghunandanan S, Jose L, Gopinath V, Kumar RA. Comparative label-free lipidomic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during dormancy and reactivation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3660. [PMID: 30842473 PMCID: PMC6403389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis employs several strategies to combat and adapt to adverse conditions encountered inside the host. The non-replicative dormant state of the bacterium is linked to drug resistance and slower response to anti-tubercular therapy. It is known that alterations in lipid content allow dormant bacteria to acclimatize to cellular stress. Employing comparative lipidomic analysis we profiled the changes in lipid metabolism in M. tuberculosis using a modified Wayne’s model of hypoxia-induced dormancy. Further we subjected the dormant bacteria to resuscitation, and analyzed their lipidomes until the lipid profile was similar to that of normoxially grown bacteria. An enhanced degradation of cell wall-associated and cytoplasmic lipids during dormancy, and their gradual restoration during reactivation, were clearly evident. This study throws light on distinct lipid metabolic patterns that M. tuberculosis undergoes to maintain its cellular energetics during dormancy and reactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajith Raghunandanan
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Leny Jose
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Vipin Gopinath
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ajay Kumar
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O., Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shivaji UN, Sharratt CL, Thomas T, Smith SCL, Iacucci M, Moran GW, Ghosh S, Bhala N. Review article: managing the adverse events caused by anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019; 49:664-680. [PMID: 30735257 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological therapy is currently widely used to treat IBD. Infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab are currently licensed anti-TNF therapies. Biosimilar anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used. Anti-TNF therapies are widely used and their adverse effects are well characterised, and may cause significant morbidity and mortality in a small proportion of exposed patients. Gastroenterologists need to understand the mechanisms for these effects, recognise these swiftly and manage such events appropriately. AIM To cover the range of potential adverse reactions as a result of biologic therapy and specifically management of these events. METHODS A Medline and Pubmed search was undertaken. Search terms included were "anti-TNF," "infliximab" or "adalimumab" or "golimumab" combined with the keywords "ulcerative colitis" or "Crohn's disease" or "inflammatory bowel disease" and then narrowed to articles containing the keywords "complications," "side effects" or "adverse events" or "safety profile." International guidelines were also reviewed where relevant. RESULTS Adverse events discussed in this review include infusion reactions, blood disorders and infections (including bacterial, viral, fungal and opportunistic infections) as well as autoimmune, dermatological disorders, cardiac and neurological conditions. Malignancies including solid organ, haematological and those linked to viral disease are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Anti-TNF therapy has wide-ranging effects on the immune system resulting in a spectrum of potential adverse events in a small proportion of patients. Research advances are improving the understanding, recognition and management of these adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uday N Shivaji
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Caroline L Sharratt
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tom Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Marietta Iacucci
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Gordon W Moran
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Neeraj Bhala
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Melenotte C, Drancourt M, Gorvel JP, Mège JL, Raoult D. Post-bacterial infection chronic fatigue syndrome is not a latent infection. Med Mal Infect 2019; 49:140-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
35
|
Negative tuberculin skin test result predicts all-cause mortality among tuberculosis patients with HIV and diabetes comorbidity. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 33:72-78.e4. [PMID: 30954339 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine if a negative tuberculin skin test (TST) result is associated with increased risk of mortality during tuberculosis (TB) treatment. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients aged ≥15 years with culture-positive TB reported to the Georgia State Electronic Notifiable Disease Surveillance System from 2009 to 2014. TST positivity was defined by the US Centers for Disease Control guidelines. All-cause mortality during TB treatment as well as HIV, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease status were collected from surveillance data. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate adjusted risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Among 1186 culture-confirmed TB patients, 780 (65.8%) with a valid TST and TB treatment outcomes were eligible. Nearly one-third (242/780) had a negative TST result, and 5.6% died during treatment. The highest risk of death was observed among patients with a negative TST and HIV (12.5%) and a negative TST and diabetes (15.4%). Adjusting for confounders, the risk of death among patients with a negative TST was significantly greater compared with those with a positive TST (adjusted risk ratio 2.33 95% confidence interval 1.23-4.43). CONCLUSIONS A negative TST was associated with more than twice the risk of mortality during TB treatment after adjusting for immunosuppressive conditions.
Collapse
|
36
|
Polymorphisms in the STAT4 gene and tuberculosis susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Microb Pathog 2019; 128:288-293. [PMID: 30660736 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene encodes a transcription factor that transmits signals induced by several cytokines which play critical roles in the development of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. We performed an association study between STAT4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and tuberculosis (TB). 624 TB cases and 598 healthy controls were studied to compare allele/genotype frequencies of 4 SNPs in STAT4. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression. Genotyping was performed with the Sequenom MassARRAY SNP genotyping platform. Out of 4 SNPs tested in the study, rs4853542 allele A showed a 25% decreased risk of TB compared with allele G (P = 0.013, OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.60-0.94). However, it did not show significant differences under any genetic model after Bonferroni correction. No association was found for the other 3 SNPs with TB. In subgroup analyses, the protective effects of rs485342 allele A were stronger among younger subjects <25 years (P = 0.002, OR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.31-0.76). Allele A of the rs4853542 polymorphism in STAT4 is not associated with TB susceptibility, but we demonstrated that rs4853542A allele decreased risk of TB in younger adults after Bonferroni correction.
Collapse
|
37
|
Konečný P, Ehrlich R, Gulumian M, Jacobs M. Immunity to the Dual Threat of Silica Exposure and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3069. [PMID: 30687311 PMCID: PMC6334662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to silica and the consequent development of silicosis are well-known health problems in countries with mining and other dust producing industries. Apart from its direct fibrotic effect on lung tissue, chronic and immunomodulatory character of silica causes susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) leading to a significantly higher TB incidence in silica-exposed populations. The presence of silica particles in the lung and silicosis may facilitate initiation of tuberculous infection and progression to active TB, and exacerbate the course and outcome of TB, including prognosis and survival. However, the exact mechanisms of the involvement of silica in the pathological processes during mycobacterial infection are not yet fully understood. In this review, we focus on the host's immunological response to both silica and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, on agents of innate and adaptive immunity, and particularly on silica-induced immunological modifications in co-exposure that influence disease pathogenesis. We review what is known about the impact of silica and Mycobacterium tuberculosis or their co-exposure on the host's immune system, especially an impact that goes beyond an exclusive focus on macrophages as the first line of the defense. In both silicosis and TB, acquired immunity plays a major role in the restriction and/or elimination of pathogenic agents. Further research is needed to determine the effects of silica in adaptive immunity and in the pathogenesis of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Konečný
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rodney Ehrlich
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary Gulumian
- National Health Laboratory Service, Department of Toxicology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Occupational Health, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muazzam Jacobs
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Immunology of Infectious Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abhishek S, Saikia UN, Gupta A, Bansal R, Gupta V, Singh N, Laal S, Verma I. Transcriptional Profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an in vitro Model of Intraocular Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:330. [PMID: 30333960 PMCID: PMC6175983 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intraocular tuberculosis (IOTB), an extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis of the eye, has unique and varied clinical presentations with poorly understood pathogenesis. As it is a significant cause of inflammation and visual morbidity, particularly in TB endemic countries, it is essential to study the pathogenesis of IOTB. Clinical and histopathologic studies suggest the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Methods: A human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cell line was infected with a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis (H37Rv). Electron microscopy and colony forming units (CFU) assay were performed to monitor the M. tuberculosis adherence, invasion, and intracellular replication, whereas confocal microscopy was done to study its intracellular fate in the RPE cells. To understand the pathogenesis, the transcriptional profile of M. tuberculosis in ARPE-19 cells was studied by whole genome microarray. Three upregulated M. tuberculosis transcripts were also examined in human IOTB vitreous samples. Results: Scanning electron micrographs of the infected ARPE-19 cells indicated adherence of bacilli, which were further observed to be internalized as monitored by transmission electron microscopy. The CFU assay showed that 22.7 and 8.4% of the initial inoculum of bacilli adhered and invaded the ARPE-19 cells, respectively, with an increase in fold CFU from 1 dpi (0.84) to 5dpi (6.58). The intracellular bacilli were co-localized with lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) and LAMP-2 in ARPE-19 cells. The transcriptome study of intracellular bacilli showed that most of the upregulated transcripts correspond to the genes encoding the proteins involved in the processes such as adherence (e.g., Rv1759c and Rv1026), invasion (e.g., Rv1971 and Rv0169), virulence (e.g., Rv2844 and Rv0775), and intracellular survival (e.g., Rv1884c and Rv2450c) as well as regulators of various metabolic pathways. Two of the upregulated transcripts (Rv1971, Rv1230c) were also present in the vitreous samples of the IOTB patients. Conclusions:M. tuberculosis is phagocytosed by RPE cells and utilizes these cells for intracellular multiplication with the involvement of late endosomal/lysosomal compartments and alters its transcriptional profile plausibly for its intracellular adaptation and survival. The findings of the present study could be important to understanding the molecular pathogenesis of IOTB with a potential role in the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for IOTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Abhishek
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Nahar Saikia
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amod Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reema Bansal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishali Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nirbhai Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suman Laal
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, United States
| | - Indu Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A prospective study on quality of life in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, Northern India. Indian J Tuberc 2018; 66:118-122. [PMID: 30797267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is a contagious, airborne infection that destroys when M. tuberculosis primarily attacks the lungs. PTB is curable with an early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment. Stigmatization and negative emotions resulting from the illness could result in long term impairment of patients psychological well being which may result in work absenteeism resulting in loss of productivity and reduced monthly income. METHODS This was a prospective study which was conducted over a period of one and half year. A total of 198 patients were recruited for the study. Quality Of Life (QOL) was assessed at baseline and at the end of intensive phase. For QOL WHO based QOLBREF was used. RESULTS In the present study patients scored lowest in the baseline physical (8.36 ± 1.60) followed by the psychological domain (10.40 ± 1.72) however at the end of intensive phase both physical (11.98 ± 1.70) and psychological (12.75 ± 1.) domains improved very much and the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION We conclude that HRQOL is significantly reduced in patients with PTB, and that it improves rapidly and significantly with DOTS-based intensive phase of treatment. Special focus on reduction of stigmatization should be given in the management of TB to reduce the psychological distress.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tomkins-Netzer O, Leong BCS, Zhang X, Lightman S, McCluskey PJ. Effect of Antituberculous Therapy on Uveitis Associated With Latent Tuberculosis. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 190:164-170. [PMID: 29604284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the clinical features of patients with uveitis associated with latent tuberculosis (TB) and examine the effect of anti-TB treatment (ATT) on uveitis outcome. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS One hundred ninety-nine eyes of 129 patients diagnosed with uveitis associated with latent TB were evaluated for recurrence of disease following treatment. Eighty-nine of the patients (69%) received ATT and information was gathered retrospectively regarding clinical outcome, vision, and treatment. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and rate of disease recurrence. RESULTS This study included 89 patients (69%) who received ATT and 40 patients who did not. The uveitis was treated with local and systemic anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy in all patients. The mean change in BCVA following treatment was 4.5 ± 1.4 letters over the follow-up period, with no difference between eyes of patients receiving ATT and those who did not. Sixty-eight eyes (34.9%) had a recurrence of uveitis (0.64 ± 0.08 recurrences per year), with eyes of patients receiving ATT less likely to develop a recurrence compared to those not receiving ATT (29.5% vs 48.2%, odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.77, P = .003). Eyes treated with ATT recurred at an estimated median of 120 months, compared with 51 months in eyes with no treatment (P = .005). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with ATT halved the risk of uveitis recurrence and delayed the onset of the first recurrence in eyes with uveitis associated with latent TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oren Tomkins-Netzer
- UCL/Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Technion, Institute of Technology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
| | | | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- UCL/Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Lightman
- UCL/Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J McCluskey
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bae J, Lee J, Kim H, Suh H, Jung H, Park M, Youn J, Ahn J. Disseminated tuberculosis following adalimumab treatment in psoriasis despite negative screening. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:98-100. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
Barron MM, Shaw KM, Bullard KM, Ali MK, Magee MJ. Diabetes is associated with increased prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 139:366-379. [PMID: 29574108 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aim to determine the association between prediabetes and diabetes with latent TB using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Participants ≥20 years were eligible. Diabetes was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as no diabetes (≤5.6% [38 mmol/mol]), prediabetes (5.7-6.4% [39-46 mmol/mol]), and diabetes (≥6.5% [48 mmol/mol]) combined with self-reported diabetes. Latent TB infection was defined by the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-GIT) test. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of latent TB infection by diabetes status were calculated using logistic regression and accounted for the stratified probability sample. RESULTS Diabetes and QFT-GIT measurements were available for 4958 (89.2%) included participants. Prevalence of diabetes was 11.4% (95%CI 9.8-13.0%) and 22.1% (95%CI 20.5-23.8%) had prediabetes. Prevalence of latent TB infection was 5.9% (95%CI 4.9-7.0%). After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, history of active TB, and foreign born status, the odds of latent TB infection were greater among adults with diabetes (aOR 1.90, 95%CI 1.15-3.14) compared to those without diabetes. The odds of latent TB in adults with prediabetes (aOR 1.15, 95%CI 0.90-1.47) was similar to those without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes is associated with latent TB infection among adults in the United States, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Given diabetes increases the risk of active TB, patients with co-prevalent diabetes and latent TB may be targeted for latent TB treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa M Barron
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kate M Shaw
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mohammed K Ali
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew J Magee
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Katyal M, Leibowitz R, Venters H. IGRA-Based Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Persons Newly Incarcerated in New York City Jails. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2018; 24:156-170. [PMID: 29633660 DOI: 10.1177/1078345818763868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) detection in correctional settings is a public health priority. Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)-based LTBI screening was introduced in New York City jails in 2011 to 2012, replacing historically used tuberculin skin testing (TST), which was associated with substantial incomplete screening rates. This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated LTBI screening outcomes and correlates of positivity in 40,986 persons newly incarcerated in 2011 to 2013. Of 35,090 eligible patients tested (96.4%), final results were 6.3% positive, 93.4% negative, and 0.2% indeterminate. In multivariable regression modeling, sex, age, race/ethnicity, nativity, marital status, prior jail incarceration, and HIV status were correlated with positivity. IGRA-based screening yielded high screening and low indeterminate test rates and may be recommended in correctional and other settings where TST is currently used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Katyal
- 1 Division of Correctional Health Services, New York City Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Leibowitz
- 1 Division of Correctional Health Services, New York City Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Homer Venters
- 1 Division of Correctional Health Services, New York City Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Díaz FE, Abarca K, Kalergis AM. An Update on Host-Pathogen Interplay and Modulation of Immune Responses during Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00076-17. [PMID: 29386235 PMCID: PMC5967693 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00076-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of scrub typhus in humans, a serious mite-borne disease present in a widespread area of endemicity, which affects an estimated 1 million people every year. This disease may exhibit a broad range of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal conditions, with the latter being due to disseminated endothelial infection and organ injury. Unique characteristics of the biology and host-pathogen interactions of O. tsutsugamushi, including the high antigenic diversity among strains and the highly variable, short-lived memory responses developed by the host, underlie difficulties faced in the pursuit of an effective vaccine, which is an imperative need. Other factors that have hindered scientific progress relative to the infectious mechanisms of and the immune response triggered by this bacterium in vertebrate hosts include the limited number of mechanistic studies performed on animal models and the lack of genetic tools currently available for this pathogen. However, recent advances in animal model development are promising to improve our understanding of host-pathogen interactions. Here, we comprehensively discuss the recent advances in and future perspectives on host-pathogen interactions and the modulation of immune responses related to this reemerging disease, highlighting the role of animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabián E Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katia Abarca
- Departamento en Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
18F-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose PET/Computed Tomography Evaluation of Lung Cancer in Populations with High Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Other Granulomatous Disease. PET Clin 2017; 13:19-31. [PMID: 29157383 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis infects one-third of world's population and is responsible for the high mortality and morbidity in developing countries. The presence of a high number of macrophages and lymphocytes in active tuberculosis granulomas is associated with high uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose on PET imaging mimicking lung cancer. In many cases, radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis are undistinguishable from lung cancer, which makes the diagnosis difficult. Clinical history and computed tomographic (CT) findings on a hybrid PET/CT are as important as findings on a PET in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
46
|
Soh AZ, Chee CBE, Wang YT, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking in relation to risk of active tuberculosis: prospective cohort study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2017; 4:e000247. [PMID: 29071086 PMCID: PMC5652562 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of active tuberculosis (TB). However, the relation between lower levels of alcohol intake and TB risk remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between alcohol intake and risk of active TB and assess whether the associations were modified by smoking status, which is another risk factor for active TB. METHODS The Singapore Chinese Health Study is a prospective cohort of 63 257 adults aged 45-74 years recruited from 1993 to 1998. Information on alcohol intake and smoking history was collected at recruitment. Active TB cases were identified via linkage with National TB Notification Registry. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 16.8 years, 1249 incident cases of active TB were identified. Among non-smokers, compared with total abstinence, participants who had monthly to weekly intake of alcohol had reduced TB risk (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.89), but this reduction in risk with low-dose drinking was not observed among current smokers (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.18; p for interaction=0.02). Comparatively, drinking 2+ drinks daily was associated with increased TB risk among current smokers (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.05). This increased risk was not observed among non-smokers (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.77) and the interaction between alcohol intake and smoking status was of borderline significance (p for interaction=0.08). In joint effect, compared with those who neither smoked nor drank, the risk of active TB increased from 1.82 (95% CI 1.57 to 2.10) in current smokers who were non-drinkers to 3.16 (95% CI 2.35 to 4.24) in current smokers who also drank 2+ drinks daily. CONCLUSION While low intake of alcohol may protect against active TB among non-smokers, drinking 2+ drinks daily could act synergistically with smoking to increase the risk of active TB in current smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avril Zixin Soh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cynthia Bin Eng Chee
- Singapore Tuberculosis Control Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-Tang Wang
- Singapore Tuberculosis Control Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ribeiro GM, Matsumoto CK, Real F, Teixeira D, Duarte RS, Mortara RA, Leão SC, de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz C. Increased survival and proliferation of the epidemic strain Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense CRM0019 in alveolar epithelial cells. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:195. [PMID: 28903728 PMCID: PMC5598063 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-1102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria have been reported worldwide generally associated with medical procedures. Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense CRM0019 was obtained during an epidemic of postsurgical infections and was characterized by increased persistence in vivo. To better understand the successful survival strategies of this microorganism, we evaluated its infectivity and proliferation in macrophages (RAW and BMDM) and alveolar epithelial cells (A549). For that, we assessed the following parameters, for both M. abscessus CRM0019 as well as the reference strain M. abscessus ATCC 19977: internalization, intracellular survival for up 3 days, competence to subvert lysosome fusion and the intracellular survival after cell reinfection. RESULTS CRM0019 and ATCC 19977 strains showed the same internalization rate (approximately 30% after 6 h infection), in both A549 and RAW cells. However, colony forming units data showed that CRM0019 survived better in A549 cells than the ATCC 19977 strain. Phagosomal characteristics of CRM0019 showed the bacteria inside tight phagosomes in A549 cells, contrasting to the loosely phagosomal membrane in macrophages. This observation holds for the ATCC 19977 strain in both cell types. The competence to subvert lysosome fusion was assessed by acidification and acquisition of lysosomal protein. For M. abscessus strains the phagosomes were acidified in all cell lines; nevertheless, the acquisition of lysosomal protein was reduced by CRM0019 compared to the ATCC 19977 strain, in A549 cells. Conversely, in macrophages, both M. abscessus strains were located in mature phagosomes, however without bacterial death. Once recovered from macrophages M. abscessus could establish a new intracellular infection. Nevertheless, only CRM0019 showed a higher growth rate in A549, increasing nearly 10-fold after 48 and 72 h. CONCLUSION M. abscessus CRM0019 creates a protective and replicative niche in alveolar epithelial cells mainly by avoiding phagosome maturation. Once recovered from infected macrophages, CRM0019 remains infective and displays greater intracellular growth in A549 cells compared to the ATCC 19977 strain. This evasion strategy in alveolar epithelial cells may contribute to the long survival of the CRM0019 strain in the host and thus to the inefficacy of in vivo treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Monteiro Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristianne Kayoko Matsumoto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Real
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratoire Entrée muqueuse du VIH et Immunité muqueuse, Department Infection, Immunité et Inflammation, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Silva Duarte
- Laboratório de Micobactérias, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Arruda Mortara
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Cardoso Leão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li F, Kang H, Li J, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Dannenberg AM, Liu X, Niu H, Ma L, Tang R, Han X, Gan C, Ma X, Tan J, Zhu B. Subunit Vaccines Consisting of Antigens from Dormant and Replicating Bacteria Show Promising Therapeutic Effect against Mycobacterium Bovis BCG Latent Infection. Scand J Immunol 2017; 85:425-432. [PMID: 28426145 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To screen effective antigens as therapeutic subunit vaccines against Mycobacterium latent infection, we did bioinformatics analysis and literature review to identify effective antigens and evaluated the immunogenicity of five antigens highly expressed in dormant bacteria, which included Rv2031c (HspX), Rv2626c (Hrp1), Rv2007c (FdxA), Rv1738 and Rv3130c. Then, several fusion proteins such as Rv2007c-Rv2626c (F6), Rv2031c-Rv1738-Rv1733c (H83), ESAT6-Rv1738-Rv2626c (LT40), ESAT6-Ag85B-MPT64<190-198> -Mtb8.4 (EAMM), and EAMM-Rv2626c (LT70) were constructed and their therapeutic effects were evaluated in pulmonary Mycobacterium bovis Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) - latently infected rabbit or mouse models. The results showed that EAMM and F6 plus H83 had therapeutic effect against BCG latent infection in the rabbit model, respectively, and that the combination of EAMM with F6 plus H83 significantly reduced the bacterial load. In addition, the fusion proteins LT40 and LT70 consisting of multistage antigens showed promising therapeutic effects in the mouse model. We conclude that subunit vaccines consisting of both latency and replicating-associated antigens show promising therapeutic effects in BCG latent infection animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Kang
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Li
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - D Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A M Dannenberg
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Molecular Microbiology and Immunologyand Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - X Liu
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Niu
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - L Ma
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - R Tang
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - X Han
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - C Gan
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - X Ma
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Tan
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Zhu
- Gansu Key Lab of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Transfer Medicine & Lanzhou Center for Tuberculosis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lv L, Li C, Zhang X, Ding N, Cao T, Jia X, Wang J, Pan L, Jia H, Li Z, Zhang J, Chen F, Zhang Z. RNA Profiling Analysis of the Serum Exosomes Derived from Patients with Active and Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1051. [PMID: 28659881 PMCID: PMC5466984 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has exceeded HIV as the most lethal infectious disease globally for two consecutive years. Moreover, one third of the world’s population is estimated to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). This is mainly because of difficulties associated with diagnosis and treatment for both TB and LTBI patients. Exosomes provide a promising research tool for TB diagnosis and treatment because they are released from various cells containing valuable biochemical information related to disease. In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis on exosomes derived from clinical specimens of healthy controls (HC), active tuberculosis (ATB), and LTBI patients. Our results revealed the distinct gene expression profiles of the exosomes from LTBI and ATB patients. (1) We identified many distinct up-regulated and down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LTBI and ATB samples, and further screened the top-20 DEGs which might provide a potential panel for differentiation of HC, LTBI, and ATB. (2) We classified all the DEGs into six expression patterns, screened the top-20 genes in each pattern, and mainly focused on those highly expressed in LTBI and ATB. (3) Some Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) RNAs were only enriched in the exosomes of LTBI samples. (4) Pathway and function analysis further indicated down-regulated signaling pathways/immune response and up-regulated apoptosis/necrosis. Our findings indicate the selective packaging of RNA cargoes into exosomes under different stages of Mtb infection, while facilitating the development of potential targets for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Cuidan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Nan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Tianshu Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Liping Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zihui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentShanghai, China.,Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Zongde Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kumar R, Rai J, Kajal NC, Devi P. Comparative study of effect of Withania somnifera as an adjuvant to DOTS in patients of newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc 2017; 65:246-251. [PMID: 29933868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Linn.) a rejuvenative herb has long been used as an immunomodulator in Indian subcontinent. As immunity plays an important role in pathogenesis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB), so role of W. somnifera as an adjuvant has been studied on selected parameter. METHOD A randomized, double-blind placebo-control study was conducted in two groups of 60 newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients on Directly Observed Treatment - short course (DOTS) regime. W. somnifera root extract or placebo capsules were given as add-on therapy for duration of 12 weeks. Effects on sputum conversion, Hemoglobin (Hb), body weight, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), RBC counts, WBC counts, CD4 and CD8 counts, Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), serum uric acid and HRQL (Health Related Quality of Life) Index scores were studied. RESULTS At the end of 8 weeks, sputum conversion was seen in 86.6% patients in study group and 76.6% in placebo group. At the end of 12 weeks a highly significant increase was seen in both CD4 and CD8 counts in study group. A raised SGOT and SGPT levels (>35IU/L) were observed in 16.6% and 33.3% patients in study group; 43.33% and 53.33% in the placebo group of patients. Elevated serum uric acid levels (>6mg/dl) were observed in 20% and 33.33% in study and placebo group respectively. Average gain in HRQL score was better in patients of study group. CONCLUSION Use of W. somnifera as an adjuvant in conjunction with anti-TB drugs used as DOTS showed a favorable effect on symptoms and immunological parameters in patients with pulmonary TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Kumar
- Senior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India.
| | - Jaswant Rai
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| | - N C Kajal
- Professor and Head, Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, Government Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| | - Pushpa Devi
- Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| |
Collapse
|