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Ma H, Mu X, Jin Y, Luo Y, Wu M, Han Z. Multimorbidity, lifestyle, and cognitive function: A cross-cultural study on the role of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:560-568. [PMID: 39019233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of lifestyle factors on cognitive function related to four major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, and the relationship between these NCDs and cognitive function have not been fully studied. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between these NCDs and cognitive function in middle-aged and older people, and the combined effects of lifestyle factors. METHODS By employing the data from three large-scale cohort studies from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (2010-2019), English Longitudinal Study of Aging (2014-2019), and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2019), this study carried out a multi-cohort analysis to 77, 210 participants. Fixed-effects regression models were used to examine associations between NCD status and cognitive function. Margin plots were used to illustrate the effect of lifestyle factors. RESULTS Our findings revealed the dose-dependent association between mounting these NCDs and declining cognitive performance, ranging from one NCD (β = -0.05, 95 % CI: -0.08 to -0.02) to four NCDs (β = -0.51, 95 % CI: -0.75 to -0.28). Decline in cognitive function associated with NCDs was exacerbated with physical inactivity, current smoking status, and an increase in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. LIMITATIONS The observational study design precludes causal interrogation of lifestyles and four NCDs on cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS An increasing number of these NCDs were dose-dependently associated with the decline in cognitive function score. Unhealthy lifestyle factors expedite decline in cognitive function linked to these NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Ma
- School of Medical Management, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomin Mu
- School of Healthcare Security, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Luo
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Healthcare Security, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyan Han
- School of Healthcare Security, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Saboo N, Rao A, Kacker S. A study to assess the effect of yoga and diet on Framingham risk score among high-risk cardiovascular subjects. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1772-1779. [PMID: 38948605 PMCID: PMC11213374 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1169_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a cluster of disorders of blood vessels and the heart. As a form of physical activity, yoga postures, and pranayama have been shown to be beneficial in various health conditions, i.e. hypertension, prediabetes, and diabetes among high-risk subjects. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of yoga and diet on the Framingham risk score (FRS) among high-risk cardiovascular subjects. Materials and Methods The experimental interventional study was conducted at "RUHS College of Medical Sciences" and Associated Group of Hospitals", Jaipur among high-risk cardiovascular subjects. FRS was used as a measurement for the outcome of interest at baseline and six months of yoga diet intervention in the study and control groups. Results Mean age of participants was 48.43 ± 6.4 years. Baseline values (mean ± SD) of FRS 24.59 ± 10.15 after six months of yogic lifestyle 15.1 ± 7.05. After six months of yogic lifestyle FRS scores and estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk were statistically significantly (P < 0.0001) decreased. Pearson correlation analysis results depict that FRS correlation. There was a strong positive correlation between the FRS score and total cholesterol (r = 0.787; P < 0.001) and a negative strong correlation between the FRS score and high-density lipoprotein was observed (r =-0.621; P < 0.002). Conclusion The findings of this study conclude that six months of yoga and diet lifestyle intervention significantly decreased FRS among high-risk CVD subjects compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Saboo
- Department of Physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aayushee Rao
- Department of Physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudhanshu Kacker
- Department of Physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Bonekamp NE, Visseren FLJ, Cramer MJ, Dorresteijn JAN, van der Meer MG, Ruigrok YM, van Sloten TT, Teraa M, Geleijnse JM, Koopal C. Long-term lifestyle change and risk of mortality and Type 2 diabetes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:205-213. [PMID: 37774501 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To quantify the relationship between self-reported, long-term lifestyle changes (smoking, waist circumference, physical activity, and alcohol consumption) and clinical outcomes in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS AND RESULTS Data were used from 2011 participants (78% male, age 57 ± 9 years) from the Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort-Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease cohort who returned for a re-assessment visit (SMART2) after ∼10 years. Self-reported lifestyle change was classified as persistently healthy, improved, worsened, or persistently unhealthy. Cox proportional hazard models were used to quantify the relationship between lifestyle changes and the risk of (cardiovascular) mortality and incident Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fifty-seven per cent of participants was persistently healthy, 17% improved their lifestyle, 8% worsened, and 17% was persistently unhealthy. During a median follow-up time of 6.1 (inter-quartile range 3.6-9.6) years after the SMART2 visit, 285 deaths occurred, and 99 new T2D diagnoses were made. Compared with a persistently unhealthy lifestyle, individuals who maintained a healthy lifestyle had a lower risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36-0.63], cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.87), and incident T2D (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28-0.73). Similarly, those who improved their lifestyle had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.37-0.74), cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.81), and incident T2D (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.92). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that maintaining or adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly lower mortality and incident T2D risk in CVD patients. This study emphasizes the importance of ongoing lifestyle optimization in CVD patients, highlighting the potential for positive change regardless of previous lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia E Bonekamp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank L J Visseren
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Cramer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jannick A N Dorresteijn
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon G van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas T van Sloten
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Teraa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Koopal
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ya'ar Bar S, Pintel N, Abd Alghne H, Khattib H, Avni D. The therapeutic potential of sphingolipids for cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1224743. [PMID: 37608809 PMCID: PMC10440740 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1224743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and Inflammation plays a critical role in the development of CVD. Despite considerable progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms and various treatment options available, significant gaps in therapy necessitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Sphingolipids are a family of lipids that have gained attention in recent years as important players in CVDs and the inflammatory processes that underlie their development. As preclinical studies have shown that targeting sphingolipids can modulate inflammation and ameliorate CVDs, targeting sphingolipids has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the current understanding of sphingolipids' involvement in inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, the existing therapeutic approaches and gaps in therapy, and explores the potential of sphingolipids-based drugs as a future avenue for CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapir Ya'ar Bar
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Noam Pintel
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Hesen Abd Alghne
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College Department of Biotechnology, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Hamdan Khattib
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Avni
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College Department of Biotechnology, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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Farahmand M, Mousavi M, Momenan AA, Azizi F, Ramezani Tehrani F. The association between arterial hypertension and menarcheal age. Maturitas 2023; 174:14-22. [PMID: 37210759 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menarche, as a milestone of puberty, may have a long-term effect on health. The present study investigated the association of age at menarche with the incidence of arterial hypertension. STUDY DESIGN A total of 4747 post-menarcheal participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study who met the eligibility criteria were selected. Demographic, lifestyle, reproductive, and anthropometric data, as well as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, were collected. Participants were classified according to their age at menarche: group I: ≤11 years, group II: 12-15 years, and group III: ≥16 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the associations between age at menarche and arterial hypertension outcomes. The generalized estimating equation models were used to compare the trend of changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the three groups. RESULTS The mean age of participants at baseline was 33.9 (13.0). At the end of the study, 1261 (26.6 %) participants had arterial hypertension. Women in group III had a 2.04-fold higher risk of arterial hypertension than those in group II. The mean changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 29 % (95 % CI: 0.02-0.57) and 16 % (95 % CI: 0.00-0.38) higher for women in group III compared with group II. CONCLUSIONS Late menarche could be a risk factor for arterial hypertension, so it is necessary to pay more attention to age at menarche in cardiovascular risk assessment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farahmand
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Mousavi
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Abbas Momenan
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Murphy BM, Navaratnam HS, Le Grande MR, Higgins RO, Rogerson MC, Elliott P, Worcester MUC, Jackson AC. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Enhances Survival in Cardiac Patients Aged Under 60: 14-YEAR OUTCOMES OF THE BEATING HEART PROBLEMS PROGRAM TRIAL. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2023; 43:170-178. [PMID: 36862021 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To optimize recovery and improve prognosis, people who have had an acute cardiac event (ACE) need support to manage their cardiac risk. In 2008, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Beating Heart Problems (BHP) , an 8-wk group program based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing (MI), designed to improve behavioral and mental health. This study investigated 14-yr mortality status for RCT participants in order to evaluate the survival impact of the BHP program. METHODS In 2021, mortality data on 275 participants from the earlier RCT were obtained from the Australian National Death Index. Survival analysis was undertaken to investigate differences in survival for participants in the treatment and control groups. RESULTS Over the 14-yr follow-up period, there were 52 deaths (18.9%). For those aged <60 yr, there was a significant survival benefit to program participation, with 3% deaths in the treatment group and 13% deaths in the control group ( P = .022). For those aged ≥60 yr, the death rate was identical in both groups (30%). Other significant predictors of mortality included older age, higher 2-yr risk score, lower functional capacity, lower self-rated health, and having no private health insurance. CONCLUSIONS Participation in the BHP conferred a survival benefit for patients aged <60 yr but not for participants overall. The findings highlight the long-term benefit of behavioral and psychosocial management of cardiac risk through CBT and MI for those who are younger at the time of their first ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Murphy
- Australian Centre for Heart Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Drs Murphy, Higgins, Rogerson, Worcester, and Jackson, Ms Navaratnam, and Mr Le Grande); Faculty of Health (Drs Murphy and Jackson and Mr Le Grande) and Department of Psychology (Dr Higgins), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Centre for Behaviour Change (Mr Le Grande), School of Psychological Sciences (Drs Murphy and Jackson), and Department of Physiotherapy (Dr Higgins) and Phoenix Australia Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health (Dr Elliott), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Dr Worcester); and Centre on Behavioral Health, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong (Dr Jackson)
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Faghy MA, Yates J, Hills AP, Jayasinghe S, da Luz Goulart C, Arena R, Laddu D, Gururaj R, Veluswamy SK, Dixit S, Ashton REM. Cardiovascular disease prevention and management in the COVID-19 era and beyond: An international perspective. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:102-111. [PMID: 36693488 PMCID: PMC9862672 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite some indicators of a localized curtailing of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, CVD remains one of the largest contributors to global morbidity and mortality. While the magnitude and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have yet to be realized in its entirety, an unquestionable impact on global health and well-being is already clear. At a time when the global state of CVD is perilous, we provide a continental overview of prevalence data and initiatives that have positively influenced CVD outcomes. What is clear is that despite attempts to address the global burden of CVD, there remains a lack of collective thinking and approaches. Moving forward, a coordinated global infrastructure that, if developed with appropriate and relevant key stakeholders, could provide significant and longstanding benefits to public health and yield prominent and consistent policy resulting in impactful change. To achieve global impact, research priorities that address multi-disciplinary social, environmental, and clinical perspectives must be underpinned by unified approaches that maximize public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - James Yates
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Andrew P Hills
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Sisitha Jayasinghe
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Cássia da Luz Goulart
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ross Arena
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Rachita Gururaj
- Department of Physiotherapy, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sundar Kumar Veluswamy
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Physiotherapy, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India
| | - Snehil Dixit
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth E M Ashton
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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Wang D, Dai X, Mishra SR, Lim CCW, Carrillo-Larco RM, Gakidou E, Xu X. Association between socioeconomic status and health behaviour change before and after non-communicable disease diagnoses: a multicohort study. Lancet Public Health 2022; 7:e670-e682. [PMID: 35907418 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(22)00157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are socially patterned. However, the direction and the extent to which socioeconomic status (SES) influences behaviour changes before and after the diagnosis of NCDs is not clearly understood. We aimed to investigate the influence of SES on behaviour changes (physical inactivity and smoking) before and after the diagnosis of major NCDs. METHODS In this multicohort study, we pooled individual-level data from six prospective cohort studies across 17 countries. We included participants who were diagnosed with either diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, or cancer after recruitment. Participants were surveyed every 2 years. Education and total household wealth were used to construct SES. We measured behaviour changes as whether or not participants continued or initiated physical inactivity or smoking after NCD diagnosis. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs), prevalence ratios (PRs), and 95% CIs for the associations between SES and continuation or initiation of unfavourable behaviours. FINDINGS We included 8107 individuals recruited between March, 2002, and January, 2016. Over the 4-year period before and after NCD diagnosis, 886 (60·4%) of 1466 individuals continued physical inactivity and 1018 (68·8%) of 1480 participants continued smoking; 1047 (15·8%) of 6641 participants with physical activity before diagnosis initiated physical inactivity after diagnosis and 132 (2·0%) of 6627 non-smokers before diagnosis initiated smoking after diagnosis. Compared with participants with high SES, those with low SES were more likely to continue physical inactivity (244 [70·3%] of 347 vs 23 [50.0%] of 46; PR 1·41 [95% CI 1·05-1·99]; OR 2·28 [1·18-4·41]), continue smoking (214 [75·4%] of 284 vs 39 [60·9%] of 64; PR 1·27 [1·03-1·59]; OR 2·08 [1·14-3·80]), but also to initiate physical inactivity (188 [26·1%] of 720 vs 47 [7·4%] of 639; PR 3·59 [2·58-4·85]; OR 4·31 [3·02 - 6·14]). INTERPRETATION Low SES was associated with continuing or initiating physical inactivity and continuing smoking after NCD diagnosis. Reducing socioeconomic inequality in health behaviour changes should be prioritised and integrated into NCD-prevention programmes. FUNDING Zhejiang University and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaochen Dai
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Shiva Raj Mishra
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Academy for Data Sciences and Global Health, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Carmen C W Lim
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Emmanuela Gakidou
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Asrullah M, L'Hoir M, Feskens EJM, Melse-Boonstra A. Trend in age at menarche and its association with body weight, body mass index and non-communicable disease prevalence in Indonesia: evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). BMC Public Health 2022; 22:628. [PMID: 35361192 PMCID: PMC8969286 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In western countries, age at menarche (AAM) is nowadays lower than a century ago, coinciding with increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD). This study aimed to determine the time trend in AAM, and its association with BMI and NCD prevalence at later age, in Indonesia. Methods We used secondary data of 15,744 women aged 15–65 years from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted in the period 1993 to 2015. Multiple linear regression was applied to determine the association of AAM with BMI, and Poisson regression with robust variance for investigating the association of AAM with NCD prevalence ratios. Models were adjusted for age, and effect modification by wealth status, living area, and region was investigated. Results AAM has significantly declined from 14.4 (SD:2.1) years of age in the 1940s to 13.4 y (SD:1.5) in the 1990s. AAM was inversely associated with BMI (β: − 0.30 kg/m2, 95%CI: − 0.37, − 0.22) and body weight (β: − 0.67 kg, 95%CI: − 0.75, − 0.54), but was not associated with height. After adjustment for age, AAM was not associated with NCD, i.e. hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, asthma, chronic lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, cancer, or arthritis. Including BMI in the models did not change the results. Conclusions From the 1940s to 1990s, AAM has declined with 1 year in Indonesia. Women with earlier AAM had higher BMI and body weight at later age, but AAM was not associated with NCD prevalence in later life in the Indonesian population. Further longitudinal research is needed to disentangle the direction of causality of the associations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12995-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asrullah
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Monique L'Hoir
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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FACCIOLÀ ALESSIO, VISALLI GIUSEPPA, D’ANDREA GIUSEPPA, VARVARÀ MASSIMO, SANTORO GIUSY, CUFFARI ROSARIA, DI PIETRO ANGELA. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: importance of a screening program for the early detection of risk conditions in a target population. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 62:E934-E942. [PMID: 35603258 PMCID: PMC9104660 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.2360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are two of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In their genesis, an important role is played by some behavioural risk factors that may induce the onset of further risk factors represented by hypertension, prediabetes, overweight and obesity. This study aimed to show the importance of the screening methodology for early detection of these risk conditions in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes complications. METHODS We carried out a screening programme involving a cohort of people aged 45-60 in which risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were evaluated. The subjects were then classified into four groups according to the risk conditions. RESULTS A high percentage (27.0%) of the sample had some alteration in the detected anthropometric and/or clinical-laboratory parameters but were unaware of this condition and, consequently, not under therapeutic treatment. CONCLUSIONS The screening programme allowed the early detection of hypertension and prediabetes or full-blown diabetes conditions in subjects who were unaware they had a pathological condition, and consequently to proceed with adequate investigations and start healthy lifestyles/pharmacological therapies. Overall, the results highlight the need to anticipate these screening campaigns, especially in men, to increase the effectiveness of the prevention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- ALESSIO FACCIOLÀ
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: Alessio Facciolà, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy - E-mail:
| | - GIUSEPPA VISALLI
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPA D’ANDREA
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - MASSIMO VARVARÀ
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - GIUSY SANTORO
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - ROSARIA CUFFARI
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - ANGELA DI PIETRO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
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Vinci P, Panizon E, Tosoni LM, Cerrato C, Pellicori F, Mearelli F, Biasinutto C, Fiotti N, Di Girolamo FG, Biolo G. Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11687. [PMID: 34769118 PMCID: PMC8583847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statins are the first-choice therapy for dyslipidemias and are considered the cornerstone of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in both primary and secondary prevention. Despite the statin-therapy-mediated positive effects on cardiovascular events, patient compliance is often poor. Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are the most common side effect associated with treatment discontinuation. SAMS, which range from mild-to-moderate muscle pain, weakness, or fatigue to potentially life-threatening rhabdomyolysis, are reported by 10% to 25% of patients receiving statin therapy. There are many risk factors associated with patient features and hypolipidemic agents that seem to increase the risk of developing SAMS. Due to the lack of a "gold standard", the diagnostic test for SAMS is based on a clinical criteria score, which is independent of creatine kinase (CK) elevation. Mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of SAMS remain almost unclear, though a high number of risk factors may increase the probability of myotoxicity induced by statin therapy. Some of these, related to pharmacokinetic properties of statins and to concomitant therapies or patient characteristics, may affect statin bioavailability and increase vulnerability to high-dose statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierandrea Vinci
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Emiliano Panizon
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Letizia Maria Tosoni
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Carla Cerrato
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Federica Pellicori
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Filippo Mearelli
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Chiara Biasinutto
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Nicola Fiotti
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
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12
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Grisotto G, Raguindin PF, Glisic M, Bally L, Bano A, Franco OH, Marques-Vidal P, Muka T. Menopausal Transition Is Not Associated with Dietary Change in Swiss Women. J Nutr 2021; 151:1269-1276. [PMID: 33693728 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to a healthy diet could contribute to maintaining adequate health throughout the menopausal transition, but data are scarce. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association between menopausal status and changes in dietary intake in Swiss adult women. METHODS Cross-sectional (n = 2439) and prospective analyses (n = 1656) were conducted between 2009 and 2012 (first follow-up) among women (mean age ± SD, 58.2 ± 10.5 y) living in Lausanne, Switzerland. In both visits, dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ, and menopausal status was classified based on the presence or absence of menstruations. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the cross-sectional association of menopausal status (postmenopausal compared with premenopausal) at the first follow-up with food intake and dietary recommendations. To examine whether menopausal status (premenopausal as reference group, menopausal transition, and postmenopausal) during 5 y of follow-up was associated with longitudinal changes in diet, including adherence to dietary Swiss recommendations, we applied multivariable linear and logistic mixed models adjusted for several covariates. RESULTS At the first follow-up, postmenopausal women consumed less (P < 0.002) meat [median (IQR) 57.2 (35-86.2) compared with 62.5 (41.2-95.2) g/d], pasta [61.8 (37.5-89.2) compared with 85 (57.8-128) g/d], and added sugar [0.1 (0-4) compared with 0.7 (0-8) g/d] and more dairy products [126 (65.4-214) compared with 109 (64.5-182) g/d] and fruit [217 (115-390) compared with 174 (83.2-319) g/d] than premenopausal women. However, linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors showed no independent (cross-sectional) associations of menopausal status with total energy intake (TEI) and individual macro- or micronutrient intakes. In the prospective analysis, compared with women who remained premenopausal during follow-up (n = 244), no differences were found in changes in TEI, dietary intakes, or adherence to the Swiss dietary recommendations in women transitioning from premenopausal to postmenopausal (n = 229) and who remained postmenopausal (n = 1168). CONCLUSION The menopausal transition is not associated with changes in dietary habits among Swiss women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Grisotto
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Francis Raguindin
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Marija Glisic
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Lia Bally
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine & Metabolism, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arjola Bano
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Teixeira MEF, Vitorino PVDO, Amodeo C, Martinez T, Brandão AA, Barbosa ECD, Feitosa ADM, Jardim PCBV, Souza ALL, Barroso WKS. Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Cardiology Specialists from the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 116:774-781. [PMID: 33886727 PMCID: PMC8121412 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major cause of death worldwide, cardiovascular diseases and their prevalence in cardiologists are little known. OBJECTIVES To describe life habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and to investigate the prevalence of diagnosis, awareness, and control of these CVRF among cardiologists members affiliated to and specialists from the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. METHODS National multicenter cross-sectional study to assess Brazilian cardiologists using a questionnaire on life habits, preexisting diseases, current medications, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and levels of glucose and lipids. RESULTS A total of 555 cardiologists were evaluated, of which 67.9% were male, with a mean age of 47.2±11.7 years. Most were non-smoker (88.7%) and physically active (77.1%), consumed alcohol (78.2%), had normal weight circumference (51.7%), and were overweight (56.1%). The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia (DLP) were 32.4%, 5.9%, and 49.7%, respectively, of which only 57.2%, 45.5%, and 49.6%, respectively, were aware of the diseases. CONCLUSIONS The Brazilian cardiologists participating in the study had a high prevalence of SAH, DM and DLP, but only a half of participants were aware of these conditions and, among these, the rates of controlled disease were low for SAH and DLP, although cardiologists are professionals with great knowledge about these CVRF. These findings represent a warning sign for the approach of CVRF in Brazilian cardiologists and encourage the conduction of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emília Figueiredo Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO - Brasil.
| | - Priscila Valverde de O. Vitorino
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de GoiásEscola de Ciências Sociais e da SaúdeGoiâniaGoiásBrasilPontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás - Escola de Ciências Sociais e da Saúde, Goiânia, Goiás - Brasil.
| | - Celso Amodeo
- Universidade Federal de São PauloEscola paulista de MedicinaSão PauloSPBrasilEscola paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp EPM), São Paulo, SP - Brasil.
| | - Tânia Martinez
- Hospital do CoraçãoSão PauloSPBrasilHospital do Coração (HCor) – Lipids, São Paulo, SP - Brasil.
| | - Andréa Araujo Brandão
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrasilUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) – Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil.
| | - Eduardo Costa Duarte Barbosa
- Instituto de CardiologiaLaboratório de Investigação ClínicaPorto AlegreRSBrasilInstituto de Cardiologia - Laboratório de Investigação Clínica (LIC), Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil.
| | - Audes Diógenes Magalhães Feitosa
- Universidade Federal de PernambucoLaboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo AsamiRecifePEBrasilLaboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - Clínica Médica, Recife, PE - Brasil.
| | - Paulo Cesar B. Veiga Jardim
- Universidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás – Cardiologia, Goiânia, GO – Brasil.
| | - Ana Luiza Lima Souza
- Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO - Brasil.
| | - Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso
- Universidade Federal de GoiásLiga de Hipertensão ArterialGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO – Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeGoiâniaGOBrasilUniversidade Federal de Goiás - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Goiânia, GO - Brasil.
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Raffee LA, Alawneh KZ, Ibdah RK, Rawashdeh SI, Zoghoul S, Ewais AS, Al-Mistarehi AH. Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Risk Among Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Young Jordanian Population. Open Access Emerg Med 2020; 12:389-397. [PMID: 33235526 PMCID: PMC7678703 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s272961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) among the young population in Jordan. We examined the risk factors that might be involved in disease incidence. Clinical characteristics, patients' living standards, and various other risk factors were considered to conduct the study. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital. Data were collected from patients who visited this hospital between January 2013 and December 2017. Only young Jordanian adults of age <50 years were included in this study. The data of 358 patients were purposively collected and analyzed (as per the determined inclusion criteria), where information related to their baseline characteristics, clinical characteristics, and related biochemical assays was reviewed. RESULTS This study showed a high prevalence of IHD among young males in Jordan. It also revealed that increased age, smoking, hypertension, unfavorable lipid profile, and obesity were the major possible risk factors for the occurrence of disease. These patients were initially diagnosed with either unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. Initial WBCs count, particularly monocytes differential, was high in about one-third of patients, besides cardiac biomarkers. CONCLUSION The high incidence of IHD was noticed among young individuals. We suggest that more efforts should be instigated for reducing the high prevalence of IHD by adopting a healthy lifestyle, preventive attitude, and nutritious food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqaa A Raffee
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khaled Z Alawneh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rashid K Ibdah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sukaina I Rawashdeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sohaib Zoghoul
- Medical Education Department, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdel Salam Ewais
- Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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15
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Barrea L, Annunziata G, Bordoni L, Muscogiuri G, Colao A, Savastano S. Nutrigenetics-personalized nutrition in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2020; 10:1-13. [PMID: 32714508 PMCID: PMC7371677 DOI: 10.1038/s41367-020-0014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data support the view that both obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for a high proportion of total morbidity and mortality in adults throughout the world. Obesity and CVD have complex interplay mechanisms of genetic and environmental factors, including diet. Nutrition is an environmental factor and it has a predominant and recognizable role in health management and in the prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases, including CVD. However, there is a marked variation in CVD in patients with obesity and the same dietary pattern. The different genetic polymorphisms could explain this variation, which leads to the emergence of the concept of nutrigenetics. Nutritional genomics or nutrigenetics is the science that studies and characterizes gene variants associated with differential response to specific nutrients and relating this variation to various diseases, such as CVD related to obesity. Thus, the personalized nutrition recommendations, based on the knowledge of an individual's genetic background, might improve the outcomes of a specific dietary intervention and represent a new dietary approach to improve health, reducing obesity and CVD. Given these premises, it is intuitive to suppose that the elucidation of diet and gene interactions could support more specific and effective dietary interventions in both obesity and CVD prevention through personalized nutrition based on nutrigenetics. This review aims to briefly summarize the role of the most important genes associated with obesity and CVD and to clarify the knowledge about the relation between nutrition and gene expression and the role of the main nutrition-related genes in obesity and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Macerata Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - on behalf of Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) Group
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Macerata Italy
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Lechner K, von Schacky C, McKenzie AL, Worm N, Nixdorff U, Lechner B, Kränkel N, Halle M, Krauss RM, Scherr J. Lifestyle factors and high-risk atherosclerosis: Pathways and mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 27:394-406. [PMID: 31408370 PMCID: PMC7065445 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319869400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite major efforts to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden with conventional risk factor control, significant residual risk remains. Recent evidence on non-traditional determinants of cardiometabolic health has advanced our understanding of lifestyle-disease interactions. Chronic exposure to environmental stressors like poor diet quality, sedentarism, ambient air pollution and noise, sleep deprivation and psychosocial stress affect numerous traditional and non-traditional intermediary pathways related to ASCVD. These include body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and functionality and the intestinal microbiome, which are increasingly recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health. Evidence points to partially overlapping mechanisms, including effects on inflammatory and nutrient sensing pathways, endocrine signalling, autonomic function and autophagy. Of particular relevance is the potential of low-risk lifestyle factors to impact on plaque vulnerability through altered adipose tissue and skeletal muscle phenotype and secretome. Collectively, low-risk lifestyle factors cause a set of phenotypic adaptations shifting tissue cross-talk from a proinflammatory milieu conducive for high-risk atherosclerosis to an anti-atherogenic milieu. The ketone body ß-hydroxybutyrate, through inhibition of the NLRP-3 inflammasome, is likely to be an intermediary for many of these observed benefits. Adhering to low-risk lifestyle factors adds to the prognostic value of optimal risk factor management, and benefit occurs even when the impact on conventional risk markers is discouragingly minimal or not present. The aims of this review are (a) to discuss novel lifestyle risk factors and their underlying biochemical principles and (b) to provide new perspectives on potentially more feasible recommendations to improve long-term adherence to low-risk lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lechner
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
| | - Clemens von Schacky
- Preventive Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Omegametrix, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Worm
- German University for Prevention and Health Care Management, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uwe Nixdorff
- European Prevention Centre, Medical Centre Düsseldorf (Grand Arc), Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolle Kränkel
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Kardiologie, Campus Benjamin Steglitz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Halle
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Germany
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Latif R, Majeed F. Association between chocolate consumption frequency and heart rate variability indices. Explore (NY) 2020; 16:372-375. [PMID: 32008980 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown favorable effects of chocolate products on the cardiovascular system and reported an inverse relationship between chocolate consumption and adverse cardiac events; however, relationships between chocolate eating habits and heart rate variability have not yet been studied. The purpose of the present research was to determine the relationship, if any, between chocolate consumption frequency and heart rate variability. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of 98 young females (19-21 years old). The study included the evaluation of chocolate eating habits by a questionnaire and heart rate variability parameters by Finometer and Powerlab as primary outcomes along with measuring anthropometry, blood pressure and fasting blood sugar levels as predictors to account for potential confounding. RESULTS Three chocolate eating patterns were distinguished: "No regular chocolate consumption (n:42), 2-4 servings/week (n:20), 5 or more servings/week (n:36)". An ANOVA test revealed insignificant differences (p > 0.05) in heart rate variability parameters (time domain: Heart rate, RRms, SDNN, RMSSD; frequency domain: LF, HF, LF/HF) and pressures (systolic, diastolic, pulse, mean arterial) among three groups of individuals having different chocolate eating habits. Relative frequency of chocolate intake did not correlate with any of the cardiovascular, time-domain or frequency-domain parameters of heart rate variability in study participants. CONCLUSION Based on our results, we conclude that relative frequency of chocolate eating may not affect autonomic regulation of the heart in young females. Also, it may have no correlation with any of the cardiovascular, time-domain or frequency-domain parameters of heart rate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Latif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Lordan R, Redfern S, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer? Food Funct 2020; 11:2861-2885. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivityversusfree FA and ester forms of n-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Shane Redfern
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
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Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Mustafa MR, Ibrahim M, Othman R. Lifestyle interventions for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1519-1524. [PMID: 31762620 PMCID: PMC6864195 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multi-factorial disease and the most common of chronic liver diseases worldwide. The four clinical-pathological entities which are usually followed by NAFLD course include non-alcoholic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The cornerstones of NAFLD management and treatment, however, are healthy lifestyles such as dietary modifications, regular physical activity, and gradual weight loss. At present, no drugs or pharmacological agents have been approved for long-term treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, lifestyle modification is considered the main clinical recommendation and an initial step for the management of NAFLD.
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Key Words
- AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
- ALA, alpha-linolenic acid
- DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- Diet
- EASD, European Association for the Study of Diabetes
- EASL, European Association for the Study of the Liver
- EASO, European Association for the Study of Obesity
- EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid
- Exercise
- Lifestyle
- Liver disease
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- Weight loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Adewale Ahmed
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Abimbola Mikail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Rais Mustafa
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Malaysia
| | - Rozana Othman
- The Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Komasi S, Zakiei A, Ghasemi SR, Gilan NR, Veisi A, Bagherirad D, Saeidi M. Is enneagram personality system able to predict perceived risk of heart disease and readiness to lifestyle modification? Ann Card Anaesth 2019; 22:394-399. [PMID: 31621675 PMCID: PMC6813694 DOI: 10.4103/aca.aca_115_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studying personality traits and patterns is of significant importance in adopting healthy behaviors. Therefore, the current study investigates the relationship between Enneagram personality types and perceived risk of heart disease and readiness to lifestyle modification. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 190 noncardiac patients (82.3% female) in an outpatient clinic in western Iran were selected using a simple random sampling method to fill out standard questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. Results: The findings show that the performer personality (Type 3) can directly predict increasing readiness to lifestyle modification (P < 0.001). In contrast, there is a reverse significant relationship between the challenger personality (Type 8) and readiness to lifestyle modification (P = 0.019). Moreover, the helper personality (Type 6) is able to directly predict increasing the perceived risk of heart disease (P = 0.012). Conclusions: In the Enneagram system, unique personality types possess a unique risk perception and readiness to adopt healthy behaviors. The results of the current study can provide valuable information for healthy lifestyle programs professionals with regard to preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Komasi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Zakiei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Ramin Ghasemi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Rajabi Gilan
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anis Veisi
- Lifestyle Modification Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Delaram Bagherirad
- Lifestyle Modification Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Saeidi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Kariuki JK, Yamnia CI, Imes CC, Weiss PM, Engberg SJ. Impact of lifestyle modification on absolute cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review protocol. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2019; 17:2106-2114. [PMID: 30864978 PMCID: PMC7737226 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2017-003847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions for reducing absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD). INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines recommend tailoring the choice and intensity of preventive interventions based on absolute CVD risk score. Several studies employing lifestyle-based interventions to mitigate CVD risk have reported heterogeneous outcomes, necessitating a systematic review to provide an exhaustive summary of current evidence. INCLUSION CRITERIA Eligible studies will include individuals at high-risk of CVD who are at least 18 years of age, with no history of CVD at baseline, regardless of sex, ethnicity and socio-economic status. Studies that compare lifestyle-based intervention to no intervention or usual care will be included. The outcome of interest is change in absolute CVD risk from baseline to post-intervention. Experimental and quasi-experimental study designs will be included. METHODS Searches will be conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL from the inception of each database. The search for gray literature will include ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, Grey Literature Report, Web of Science, BIOSIS Previews and the Proceedings database. Selected studies will be critically appraised by two independent reviewers at the study level for methodological quality. Extracted data will include details about the interventions, populations, study methods and outcomes of significance to the review question and objectives. Where possible, papers will be pooled in statistical meta-analysis. Effect sizes will be expressed as either odds ratios or standardized mean differences, and their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated for analysis. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42017073543.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cortes I. Yamnia
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | - Patricia M. Weiss
- Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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Gupta M, Dey S, Marbaniang D, Pal P, Ray S, Mazumder B. Grape seed extract: having a potential health benefits. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 57:1205-1215. [PMID: 32180617 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Grapes are one of the most highly consumed fruits across the world. In ancient Europe the leaves and the sap of grape plants has been used in traditional treatment for ages. Besides being a wellspring for vitamins and fibre, the skin and seeds of grapes are highly rich in Polyphenols specifically proanthocyanidins, which can be used as a functional ingredient to address various health issues by boosting the natural bio-processes of the body. Since, grape seeds are by product of wine making companies therefore can be easily procured. The present review article briefly describes the various pharmacological activities of grape seed extract and different experimental studies were done which supports the beneficial health qualities of the extract. Through different and various studies, it was proved that the proanthocyanidin rich grape seed extract provides benefits against many diseases i.e. inflammation, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, peptic ulcer, microbial infections, etc. Therefore, beside from using it as a nutraceutical or cosmeceutical, as a result they may have a potential to substitute or complement in currently used drugs in the treatment of diseases by developing it into other successful pharmaceutical formulations for better future prospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Gupta
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India
| | - Sanjay Dey
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Allied Health Sciences, Banitabla, Ulberia, Howrah, West Bengal India
| | - Daphisha Marbaniang
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India
| | - Paulami Pal
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India
| | - Subhabrata Ray
- B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India
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Mediterranean diet, physical activity and subcutaneous advanced glycation end-products’ accumulation: a cross-sectional analysis in the ILERVAS project. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1233-1242. [PMID: 31065845 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Werneck AO, Agostinete RR, Cayres SU, Urban JB, Wigna A, Chagas LGDM, Torres W, Fernandes RA. Association between Cluster of Lifestyle Behaviors and HOMA-IR among Adolescents: ABCD Growth Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2018. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/medicina54060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association of potential risk factors to health with body fatness and insulin resistance. Baseline measures of the ongoing longitudinal Analysis of Behaviors of Children During (ABCD) Growth Study. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 280 adolescents of both sexes (198 boys and 82 girls) aged from 10 to 18 years. Four risk factors were considered, as follows: no sports practice, skipping breakfast, poor sleep quality, and TV viewing. The outcomes considered were insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body fatness (densitometer scanner). Age, sex, maturity offset, and ethnicity were treated as covariates. Results: No sports practice and skipping breakfast were associated with higher body fatness (Sports practice: Wald: 8.786; p = 0.003. Breakfast: Wald: 9.364; p = 0.002). Poor sleep quality was related to a greater HOMA-IR index (Wald: 6.013; p = 0.014). Adolescents with ≥3 risk factors presented a higher risk of high HOMA-IR (OR = 4.89 (95%CI: 1.61 to 14.84)) than their counterparts with no risk factors. Conclusion: Lifestyle risk factors seem relevant to affect obesity and insulin resistance, while the aggregation of these risk factors affects insulin resistance, independent of adiposity.
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Werneck AO, Agostinete RR, Cayres SU, Urban JB, Wigna A, Chagas LGDM, Torres W, Fernandes RA. Association between Cluster of Lifestyle Behaviors and HOMA-IR among Adolescents: ABCD Growth Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina54060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association of potential risk factors to health with body fatness and insulin resistance. Baseline measures of the ongoing longitudinal Analysis of Behaviors of Children During (ABCD) Growth Study. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 280 adolescents of both sexes (198 boys and 82 girls) aged from 10 to 18 years. Four risk factors were considered, as follows: no sports practice, skipping breakfast, poor sleep quality, and TV viewing. The outcomes considered were insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body fatness (densitometer scanner). Age, sex, maturity offset, and ethnicity were treated as covariates. Results: No sports practice and skipping breakfast were associated with higher body fatness (Sports practice: Wald: 8.786; p = 0.003. Breakfast: Wald: 9.364; p = 0.002). Poor sleep quality was related to a greater HOMA-IR index (Wald: 6.013; p = 0.014). Adolescents with ≥3 risk factors presented a higher risk of high HOMA-IR (OR = 4.89 (95%CI: 1.61 to 14.84)) than their counterparts with no risk factors. Conclusion: Lifestyle risk factors seem relevant to affect obesity and insulin resistance, while the aggregation of these risk factors affects insulin resistance, independent of adiposity.
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Association between Cluster of Lifestyle Behaviors and HOMA-IR among Adolescents: ABCD Growth Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54060096. [PMID: 30513771 PMCID: PMC6306888 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association of potential risk factors to health with body fatness and insulin resistance. Baseline measures of the ongoing longitudinal Analysis of Behaviors of Children During (ABCD) Growth Study. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 280 adolescents of both sexes (198 boys and 82 girls) aged from 10 to 18 years. Four risk factors were considered, as follows: no sports practice, skipping breakfast, poor sleep quality, and TV viewing. The outcomes considered were insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body fatness (densitometer scanner). Age, sex, maturity offset, and ethnicity were treated as covariates. Results: No sports practice and skipping breakfast were associated with higher body fatness (Sports practice: Wald: 8.786; p = 0.003. Breakfast: Wald: 9.364; p = 0.002). Poor sleep quality was related to a greater HOMA-IR index (Wald: 6.013; p = 0.014). Adolescents with ≥3 risk factors presented a higher risk of high HOMA-IR (OR = 4.89 (95%CI: 1.61 to 14.84)) than their counterparts with no risk factors. Conclusion: Lifestyle risk factors seem relevant to affect obesity and insulin resistance, while the aggregation of these risk factors affects insulin resistance, independent of adiposity.
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Werneck AO, Oyeyemi AL, Cyrino ES, Ronque ERV, Szwarcwald CL, Coelho-e-Silva MJ, Silva DR. Association between age at menarche and blood pressure in adulthood: is obesity an important mediator? Hypertens Res 2018; 41:856-864. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Jacobs DR, Petersen KS, Svendsen K, Ros E, Sloan CB, Steffen LM, Tapsell LC, Kris-Etherton PM. Considerations to facilitate a US study that replicates PREDIMED. Metabolism 2018; 85:361-367. [PMID: 29733820 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The PREDIMED clinical trial provided strong evidence that a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) could help prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in high risk middle-aged/older people. This report considers the feasibility of replicating PREDIMED in the U.S., including recommendations for dietary and behavioral principles. A 14-point Mediterranean diet Adherence Score (MEDAS) guided the PREDIMED MedDiet recommendations. At baseline MEDAS points were ~8.5. During intervention this score increased to nearly 11 in MedDiet vs. 9 in control. In the MedDiet groups, only about 0.5 points of the net 2 point MEDAS increase was attributable to the gratis supplements of olive oil or nuts. An issue in a U.S. replication is the large difference in typical U.S. versus Spanish diet and lifestyle. A typical U.S. diet would achieve a MEDAS of 1-2. A replication is scientifically feasible with an assumption such as that the MedDiet reflects a continuum of specific food choices and meal patterns. As such, a 2 point change in MEDAS at any point on the continuum would be hypothesized to reduce incident CVD. A conservative approach would aim for a randomized 4 point MEDAS difference, e.g. 5-6 points vs. an average U.S. diet group that achieved only 1-2 points.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, College Park, PA, United States
| | - Karianne Svendsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology & Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Carol B Sloan
- California Walnut Board and Commission, 101 Parkshore Drive, Suite 250, Folsom, CA 95630, United States
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Linda C Tapsell
- School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, College Park, PA, United States
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