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Zhao X, Lu J, Zhang J, Liu C, Wang H, Wang Y, Du Q. Sleep restriction promotes brain oxidative stress and inflammation, and aggravates cognitive impairment in insulin-resistant mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 166:107065. [PMID: 38718616 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation and insulin resistance (IR) are two risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. As the population of people with IR increases and sleep restriction (SR) due to staying up late becomes the "new normal", it is necessary to investigate the effects and molecular pathogenesis of chronic SR on cognitive function in insulin resistance. In this study, 4-week-old mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to establish IR model, and then the mice were subjected to SR for 21 days, and related indicators were assessed, including cognitive capacity, apoptosis, oxidative stress, glial cell activation, inflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and adiponectin levels, for exploring the potential regulatory mechanisms. Compared with control group, IR mice showed impaired cognitive capacity, meanwhile, SR not only promoted Bax/Bcl2-induced hippocampal neuronal cell apoptosis and Nrf2/HO1- induced oxidative stress, but also increased microglia activation and inflammatory factor levels and BBB permeability, thus aggravating the cognitive impairment in IR mice. Consequently, changing bad living habits and ensuring sufficient sleep are important intervention strategies to moderate the aggravation of IR-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- Centre of General Practice, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Jiancong Lu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Centre of General Practice, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Ce Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Biomedical Research Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528200, China.
| | - Qingfeng Du
- Centre of General Practice, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528200, China; School of Traditional Chinese medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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2
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Yan J, Bai H, Sun Y, Sun X, Hu Z, Liu B, He C, Zhang X. Frontoparietal Response to Working Memory Load Mediates the Association between Sleep Duration and Cognitive Function in Children. Brain Sci 2024; 14:706. [PMID: 39061446 PMCID: PMC11274878 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lack of sleep has been found to be associated with cognitive impairment in children, yet the neural mechanism underlying this relationship remains poorly understood. To address this issue, this study utilized the data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (n = 4930, aged 9-10), involving their sleep assessments, cognitive measures, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an emotional n-back task. Using partial correlations analysis, we found that the out-of-scanner cognitive performance was positively correlated with sleep duration. Additionally, the activation of regions of interest (ROIs) in frontal and parietal cortices for the 2-back versus 0-back contrast was positively correlated with both sleep duration and cognitive performance. Mediation analysis revealed that this activation significantly mediated the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive function at both individual ROI level and network level. After performing analyses separately for different sexes, it was revealed that the mediation effect of the task-related activation was present in girls (n = 2546). These findings suggest that short sleep duration may lead to deficit in cognitive function of children, particularly in girls, through the modulation of frontoparietal activation during working memory load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yan
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haolei Bai
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xueqi Sun
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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3
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Lederer-Hutsteiner T, Müller KW, Penker M, Stolz E, Greimel ER, Freidl W. The mediating effect of after-midnight use of digital media devices on the association of internet-related addictive behavior and insomnia in adolescents. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1422157. [PMID: 39056075 PMCID: PMC11269230 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1422157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that overexposure to digital media devices (DMD) can not only lead to addictive patterns of internet use, but also cause insomnia symptoms. The aim of this cross-sectional study among adolescents is to provide an estimate of the prevalence of sleep impairments and to explore the mediating role of after-midnight use of DMD between internet-related addictive behavior (IRAB) and insomnia. Methods 2,712 school students from Styrian schools participated in a population-representative online survey in a supervised school setting in spring 2022. School students were screened using established and validated scales. Data analysis was carried out using multiple imputation, linear multilevel regression and mediation analysis. Results Prevalence estimation indicates high proportions of clinically relevant moderate [12.6% (11.3%; 14.1%)] and severe [3.6% (2.9%; 4.4%)] insomnia, with an additional 30.6% (29.0%; 32.2%) at subthreshold level. DMD are typically used after midnight an average of 1.66 (1.58; 1.75) evenings with subsequent school day per school week. Linear multilevel regression analysis shows significant associations for sleep disparities as outcome variable e.g., with generalized anxiety [b = 0.329 (0.287; 0.371)], after-midnight use of DMD [b = 0.470 (0.369; 0.572)] and IRAB [b = 0.131 (0.097; 0.165)]. Mediation analysis shows a mediated proportion of 18.2% (13.0%; 25.0%) of the association of IRAB and insomnia by after-midnight use of DMD [Indirect effect: b = 0.032 (0.023; 0.040), direct effect: b = 0.127 (0.083; 0.170)]. Conclusions Although the cross-sectional nature of this study limits causal inference, the results indicate a need for policies, which are already in preparation in Styria as part of a respective action plan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai W Müller
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Penker
- Center for Social Research, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Erwin Stolz
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elfriede R Greimel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Freidl
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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4
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Leonard SI, Liu J, Jackman KB, Bruzzese JM. Sexual and Gender Minority Sleep Health Disparities and Minority Stress in Early Adolescence. J Adolesc Health 2024:S1054-139X(24)00258-1. [PMID: 39001757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep is essential to adolescent development. Sexual and gender minority (SGM; e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) adults are at high risk for poor sleep, partially due to minority stress (e.g., discrimination). However, sleep has rarely been studied among SGM adolescents. In a national sample of early adolescents, we analyzed sexual minority (SM) and gender minority (GM) identity, gender incongruence, and gender nonconformity in association with sleep and tested minority and general stressors as mediators. METHODS We cross-sectionally analyzed data from 10,070 adolescents aged 10-14 in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ Study. Using logistic regression models, we analyzed associations between identity (SM and GM), sexual identity discrimination, minority and general stressors (sexual identity discrimination, teasing, and conflict with parents) and sleep health (duration, latency, and disturbance). We used Baron and Kenny's method to test for mediation. RESULTS Participants reported sexual identity (4% SM, 4% questioning) and gender identity (0.4% GM, 0.6% questioning); 65% were White, 20% were Hispanic, and 52% were assigned male at birth. Compared to heterosexual, SM participants had higher odds of short sleep duration, long sleep latency, and sleep disturbance. GM participants and those reporting gender incongruence and nonconformity had higher odds of long sleep latency and sleep disturbance. Sexual identity discrimination and general social stressors partially mediated some associations. DISCUSSION SGM participants reported poorer sleep. Minority and general social stressors partially accounted for some disparities. Policies need to address SGM identity-based discrimination and challenge social norms that produce minority stress for SGM early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I Leonard
- Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York; Office of Scholarship and Research Development, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York.
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Office of Scholarship and Research Development, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York
| | - Kasey B Jackman
- Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York; Office of Scholarship and Research Development, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Jean-Marie Bruzzese
- Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York; Office of Scholarship and Research Development, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York
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Bruni O, Breda M, Nobili L, Fietze I, Capdevila ORS, Gronfier C. European expert guidance on management of sleep onset insomnia and melatonin use in typically developing children. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2955-2964. [PMID: 38625388 PMCID: PMC11192690 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Sleeping problems are prevalent among children and adolescents, often leading to frequent consultations with pediatricians. While cognitive-behavioral therapy has shown effectiveness, especially in the short term, there is a lack of globally endorsed guidelines for the use of pharmaceuticals or over-the-counter remedies in managing sleep onset insomnia. An expert panel of pediatric sleep specialists and chronobiologists met in October 2023 to develop practical recommendations for pediatricians on the management of sleep onset insomnia in typically developing children. When sleep onset insomnia is present in otherwise healthy children, the management should follow a stepwise approach. Practical sleep hygiene indications and adaptive bedtime routine, followed by behavioral therapies, must be the first step. When these measures are not effective, low-dose melatonin, administered 30-60 min before bedtime, might be helpful in children over 2 years old. Melatonin use should be monitored by pediatricians to evaluate the efficacy as well as the presence of adverse effects. Conclusion: Low-dose melatonin is a useful strategy for managing sleep onset insomnia in healthy children who have not improved or have responded insufficiently to sleep hygiene and behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Breda
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ingo Fietze
- Interdisciplinary Center of Sleep Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Southwest Medical University Affiliated Zigong Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Oscar Ramon Sans Capdevila
- Sleep Unit at the Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- International University of Catalonia (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claude Gronfier
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Neurocampus, Waking Team, Inserm UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France
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Joinson C, Grzeda MT, Heron J, von Gontard A. Sleep duration, sleep problems and developmental trajectories of urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02471-1. [PMID: 38831062 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
To examine if preschool sleep duration and sleep problems are associated with urinary incontinence (UI) at primary school-age. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of child sleep duration/problems (3½ years) with UI trajectories (4-9 years) in 8751 (4507 boys, 4244 girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We adjusted for sex, socioeconomic indicators, mothers' emotional/practical/financial support, developmental delay, stressful life events, temperament, and emotional/behaviour problems. Preschool children who slept more than 8½ hours per night had a decreased probability of UI at school-age. There was a 33% reduction in odds of daytime wetting per additional hour of sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.86). Sleep problems were associated with increased odds of UI e.g., getting up after being put to bed was associated with daytime wetting (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.43-3.39); breathing problems whilst sleeping were associated with delayed bladder control (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.52), and night-time waking was associated with persistent (day and night) wetting (OR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.16-2.00). Waking during the night and waking up early in the morning were associated with reduced odds of bedwetting at school-age (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.96 and OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99 respectively). Preschool children who sleep for longer have a lower likelihood of UI at school-age, whilst those with sleep problems are more likely to experience daytime wetting and combined (day and night) wetting, but not bedwetting alone. Short sleep duration and sleep problems in early childhood could be indicators of future problems attaining and maintaining bladder control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Joinson
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Mariusz T Grzeda
- Galen Research, B1 Chorlton Mill, 3 Cambridge Street, Manchester, M1 5BY, UK
| | - Jon Heron
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Alexander von Gontard
- Psychiatric Services Graubünden (PDGR), Outpatient Services for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chur, Switzerland
- Governor Kremers Centre, Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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7
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Gomes K, Goldman RD. Screen time and sleep in children. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2024; 70:388-390. [PMID: 38886082 PMCID: PMC11280700 DOI: 10.46747/cfp.7006388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
QUESTION I continue to hear concerns from parents in my practice about the frequent use of light-emitting devices by their children. I have also found that many children suffer from sleep disturbances. What are the effects of screen time on sleep, and what are some best practices for sleep hygiene and screen use among children? ANSWER Screen time is higher now than before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and knowledge about the effects of screen time is evolving. Spending time in front of a screen may replace sleep time or sleep-promoting activities such as exercise, and the engaging content and social interactions on screens interfere with falling asleep. Evidence exists on the disruption of the circadian rhythm by light emitted by screens. Advice to families should include sleep hygiene activities as well as elimination of screen use at least 1 hour before sleep.
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Wu J, Wang H, Li X, Van IK, Xie X, Pang CH. Social anxiety mediates between victimization experiences and internet addiction among adolescents: results from propensity score matching. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1378428. [PMID: 38860039 PMCID: PMC11164189 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1378428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has indicated that Victimization Experiences (VE) may be linked to a heightened likelihood of developing psychological symptoms and Internet Addiction (IA) among adolescents. However, the precise mechanism through which VE contributes to IA in adolescents remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate whether Social Anxiety (SA) serves as a mediation between VE and IA, utilizing the framework of General Strain Theory. Methods A cross-sectional survey among 11 middle schools or high schools in Macao was conducted from October to December 2022. Respondents in the victimized group and non-victimized group were 1:1 paired using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to control the potential confounding factors. Results A total of 1,089 questionnaires were valid for analysis and 311 pairs were generated through PSM. Respondents in the victimized group reported significantly higher IA than those in non-victimized group (23.5% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.001) after PSM treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VE (p = 0.015, OR = 1.750, 95% CI = 1.115 to 2.746, E-value = 2.90) and SA (p < 0.001, OR = 1.052, 95% CI = 1.030 to 1.074, E-value = 1.29) were the predictors of IA. The model successfully classified 81.7% of cases overall (R 2 N = 0.133). Further analysis indicated that SA mediates between VE and IA (Z = 3.644, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study revealed the potential mediation effect of SA on the link between VE and IA. By acknowledging the mediating influence of SA, researchers and practitioners can develop more accurate and effective strategies to mitigate Internet Addiction among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wu
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Complexo de Cuidados de Saúde das Ilhas – Edifício do Instituto de Enfermagem Kiang Wu de Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no. 447, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Complexo de Cuidados de Saúde das Ilhas – Edifício do Instituto de Enfermagem Kiang Wu de Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no. 447, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Complexo de Cuidados de Saúde das Ilhas – Edifício do Instituto de Enfermagem Kiang Wu de Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no. 447, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Iat Kio Van
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Complexo de Cuidados de Saúde das Ilhas – Edifício do Instituto de Enfermagem Kiang Wu de Macau, Avenida do Hospital das Ilhas no. 447, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xuebin Xie
- Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Chung CF, Dugré JR, Potvin S. Dysconnectivity of the Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala in Youths with Thought Problems: A Dimensional Approach. Brain Connect 2024; 14:226-238. [PMID: 38526373 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2023.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Youths with thought problems (TP) are at risk to develop psychosis and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Yet, the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning TP are still unclear. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that striatal and limbic alterations are associated with psychosis-like and obsessive-like symptoms in individuals at clinical risk for psychosis, schizophrenia, and OCD. More specifically, nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala are mainly involved in these associations. The current study aims to investigate the neural correlates of TP in youth populations using a dimensional approach and explore potential cognitive functions and neurotransmitters associated with it. Methods: Seed-to-voxels functional connectivity analyses using NAcc and amygdala as regions-of-interest were conducted with resting-state fMRI data obtained from 1360 young individuals, and potential confounders related to TP such as anxiety and cognitive functions were included as covariates in multiple regression analyses. Replicability was tested in using an adult cohort. In addition, functional decoding and neurochemical correlation analyses were performed to identify the associated cognitive functions and neurotransmitters. Results: The altered functional connectivities between the right NAcc and posterior parahippocampal gyrus, between the right amygdala and lateral prefrontal cortex, and between the left amygdala and the secondary visual area were the best predictors of TP in multiple regression model. These functional connections are mainly involved in social cognition and reward processing. Conclusions: The results show that alterations in the functional connectivity of the NAcc and the amygdala in neural pathways involved in social cognition and reward processing are associated with severity of TP in youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fang Chung
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut, Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jules R Dugré
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut, Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Zhi D, Jiang R, Pearlson G, Fu Z, Qi S, Yan W, Feng A, Xu M, Calhoun V, Sui J. Triple Interactions Between the Environment, Brain, and Behavior in Children: An ABCD Study. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:828-838. [PMID: 38151182 PMCID: PMC11006588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures play a crucial role in shaping children's behavioral development. However, the mechanisms by which these exposures interact with brain functional connectivity and influence behavior remain unexplored. METHODS We investigated the comprehensive environment-brain-behavior triple interactions through rigorous association, prediction, and mediation analyses, while adjusting for multiple confounders. Particularly, we examined the predictive power of brain functional network connectivity (FNC) and 41 environmental exposures for 23 behaviors related to cognitive ability and mental health in 7655 children selected from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study at both baseline and follow-up. RESULTS FNC demonstrated more predictability for cognitive abilities than for mental health, with cross-validation from the UK Biobank study (N = 20,852), highlighting the importance of thalamus and hippocampus in longitudinal prediction, while FNC+environment demonstrated more predictive power than FNC in both cross-sectional and longitudinal prediction of all behaviors, especially for mental health (r = 0.32-0.63). We found that family and neighborhood exposures were common critical environmental influencers on cognitive ability and mental health, which can be mediated by FNC significantly. Healthy perinatal development was a unique protective factor for higher cognitive ability, whereas sleep problems, family conflicts, and adverse school environments specifically increased risk of poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS This work revealed comprehensive environment-brain-behavior triple interactions based on the ABCD Study, identified cognitive control and default mode networks as the most predictive functional networks for a wide repertoire of behaviors, and underscored the long-lasting impact of critical environmental exposures on childhood development, in which sleep problems were the most prominent factors affecting mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizheng Yan
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Lab of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aichen Feng
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Lu R, Li R, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Kang W, Zhao A, Lin X, Hu Y, Liu S, Xu Z, Lu Z, Li S. A population-based study exploring association of parasomnia symptoms with sleep onset delay among school-aged children. Sleep Med 2024; 117:1-8. [PMID: 38460489 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parasomnia is potentially implicated in sleep pattern and sleep architecture, however, evidence is quite limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between parasomnia symptoms and sleep onset delay among children through a large epidemiological study. METHODS Two rounds of cross-sectional studies were conducted among 21,704 children aged 3-11; one taking place in Shanghai and the other in Sanya, Hainan province. Children's sleep characteristics were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Propensity score matching was adopted to balance the difference of covariates, and the logistic regression models were implemented to examine the associations between parasomnia symptoms and sleep onset delay. RESULTS A total of 38.2 % of children had sleep onset delay. Parasomnias, especially non rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) parasomnia symptoms, were associated with an increased risk of sleep onset delay (Sleep Walking: OR = 1.55; Sleep Terror: OR = 1.34; Nightmare: OR = 1.37, all p˂0.001). The similar findings were observed in stratified analyses according to sleep duration, and the association was pronounced in sleep sufficiency group (Sleep Walking: OR = 1.62; Sleep Terror: OR = 1.35; Nightmare: OR = 1.35, all p˂0.001). Moreover, a dose-dependent pattern was observed, in which cumulative parasomnia symptoms were associated with increasing risk of sleep onset delay (2 symptoms: OR = 1.19; ≥3 symptoms: OR = 1.40; by comparison with ≤1 symptom). All these findings were also similarly observed in the propensity score matching sample. Moreover, the associations were generally established in both Shanghai and Sanya children. CONCLUSIONS Parasomnia symptoms were associated with a higher risk of sleep onset delay independently of sleep duration among children. More studies are needed to enrich the current evidence, thus further clarifying the association and interaction among different sleep parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Lu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yiting Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wenhui Kang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Anda Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaoya Lin
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, China
| | - Yabin Hu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Liu
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, China; National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shenghui Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China; Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, China; MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Zhang R, Schwandt M, Vines L, Volkow ND. Changes in rest-activity rhythms in adolescents as they age: associations with brain changes and behavior in the ABCD study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.19.24303825. [PMID: 38562879 PMCID: PMC10984078 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.19.24303825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Adolescents with disrupted rest-activity rhythms (RAR) including shorter sleep duration, later sleep timing and low physical activity levels have higher risk for mental and behavioral problems. However, it remains unclear whether the same associations can be observed for within-subject changes in RAR. Methods Our longitudinal investigation on RAR used Fitbit data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study at the 2-year (FL2: aged 10-13 years) and 4-year follow-up (FL4: aged 13-16 years). 963 youths had good-quality Fitbit data at both time points. In this study we examined changes in RAR from FL2 to FL4, their environmental and demographic contributors as well as brain and behavioral correlates. Results From FL2 to FL4, adolescents showed decreases in sleep duration and physical activity as well as delayed sleep timing (Cohen's d .44-.75). The contributions of environmental and demographic factors to RAR changes were greatest to sleep timing (explained 10% variance) and least to sleep duration (explained 1% variance). Delays in sleep timing had stronger correlations with behavioral problems including greater impulsivity and poor academic performance than reductions in sleep duration or physical activity. Additionally, the various brain measures differed in their sensitivity to RAR changes. Reductions in sleep duration were associated with decreased brain functional connectivity between subcortical regions and sensorimotor and cingulo-opercular networks and with enhanced functional connectivity between sensorimotor, visual and auditory networks. Delays in sleep timing were mainly associated with grey matter changes in subcortical regions. Conclusions The current findings corroborate the role of sleep and physical activity in adolescent's brain neurodevelopment and behavior problems. RAR might serve as biomarkers for monitoring behavioral problems in adolescents and to serve as potential therapeutic targets for mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Melanie Schwandt
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Leah Vines
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
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Lemes VB, Sehn AP, Reuter CP, Burns RD, Gaya AR, Gaya ACA, Brand C. Associations of sleep time, quality of life, and obesity indicators on physical literacy components: a structural equation model. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38454408 PMCID: PMC10921767 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To verify the association between ideal sleep time and physical literacy components while also considering multiple mediators, such as quality of life and obesity, using a sample of adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of 470 adolescents aged 11-17 years from southern Brazil. Sleep time, health-related quality of life, and physical literacy components (i.e., physical education enjoyment, sports participation, sedentary behavior, moderate to vigorous physical activity, sex, and age) were evaluated through self-reported questionnaires. In addition, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were determined. The theoretical/statistical support of the structural equation model was evaluated according to fit parameters and strength of association. RESULTS A direct association was observed between more sleep time and lower levels of obesity. The obesity indicators also had a negative association with HqOL, and HqOL had a positive association with physical literacy. The indirect associations indicated that the ideal sleep time was positively associated with HqOL and physical literacy components, considering the negative mediation effect of obesity. The model explains physical literacy in 31% of the variance (R = 0.31). CONCLUSION There was an indirect association between ideal sleep duration and quality of life and between both variables with physical literacy. These relationships occur even considering the negative influence of obesity. Therefore, a child who sleeps adequately has a higher likelihood of being physically active, regardless of obesity, potentially enhancing overall quality of life across various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula Sehn
- University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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14
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Wang J, Wang Y, Ou Q, Yang S, Jing J, Fang J. Computer gaming alters resting-state brain networks, enhancing cognitive and fluid intelligence in players: evidence from brain imaging-derived phenotypes-wide Mendelian randomization. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae061. [PMID: 38436466 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The debate on whether computer gaming enhances players' cognitive function is an ongoing and contentious issue. Aiming to delve into the potential impacts of computer gaming on the players' cognitive function, we embarked on a brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs)-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) study, utilizing publicly available data from a European population. Our findings indicate that computer gaming has a positive impact on fluid intelligence (odds ratio [OR] = 6.264, P = 4.361 × 10-10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.520-11.147) and cognitive function (OR = 3.322, P = 0.002, 95% CI 1.563-7.062). Out of the 3062 brain IDPs analyzed, only one phenotype, IDP NET100 0378, was significantly influenced by computer gaming (OR = 4.697, P = 1.10 × 10-5, 95% CI 2.357-9.361). Further MR analysis suggested that alterations in the IDP NET100 0378 caused by computer gaming may be a potential factor affecting fluid intelligence (OR = 1.076, P = 0.041, 95% CI 1.003-1.153). Our MR study lends support to the notion that computer gaming can facilitate the development of players' fluid intelligence by enhancing the connectivity between the motor cortex in the resting-state brain and key regions such as the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the language center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, 50 Huzhou Street, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Street, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qian Ou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yvhangtang Street, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Sengze Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Harbin University of Science and Technology, 4 Linyuan Street, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jiajie Jing
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, 50 Huzhou Street, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiaqi Fang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, 50 Huzhou Street, Hangzhou 310015, China
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15
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Lin CJ, Chang LY, Wu CC, Chang HY. The effect of childhood depression trajectories on sugar-sweetened beverage habit trajectories in adolescence: Exploring sleep problems as a mediator. Appetite 2024; 194:107199. [PMID: 38160733 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Although depression has been linked to the habit of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), little is known about their long-term relationships and the mediating role of sleep problems. This study examines the associations between childhood depressive symptoms trajectories and adolescent SSB-habit trajectories and whether these associations were mediated by sleep problems. Data came from 1560 adolescents participating in a longitudinal study across grades 1 through 12 in northern Taiwan. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify development of childhood depressive symptoms and an SSB habit in adolescence. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the influence of childhood depressive symptoms and adolescent SSB habit. Mediation analysis was conducted to test whether sleep problems mediated the associations examined. Four distinct trajectories of childhood depressive symptoms were identified: low-stable (30.79%), moderate-stable (42.32%), increasing (12.29%), and high-stable (11.60%). Three distinct trajectories of SSB habit in adolescence were identified: low-stable (44.32%), increasing (15.02%), and high-stable (40.65%). Children who had moderate-stable (aOR = 1.35; CI: 1.04-1.77), high-stable (aOR = 2.01; CI: 1.28-3.15), or increasing (aOR = 1.97; CI: 1.26-3.06) trajectories of depressive symptoms relative to those in the low-stable group were significantly more likely to belong to the high-stable trajectory of SSBs than to the low-stable SSBs group. The Z-mediation test showed that sleep problems significantly mediated the associations between trajectories of childhood depressive symptoms and trajectories of SSBs during adolescence (all p < 0.05). Childhood depressive symptoms conferred risks for adolescent SSB habits; and the effects were seen, in part, through increasing sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ji Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yin Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chen Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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16
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Muth ND, Bolling C, Hannon T, Sharifi M. The Role of the Pediatrician in the Promotion of Healthy, Active Living. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023065480. [PMID: 38404207 PMCID: PMC11042797 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-065480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Few children and adolescents meet federal nutrition or physical activity recommendations, and many experience poor or inadequate sleep and negative health effects from screen use and social media. These lifestyle factors exacerbate physical and mental health risks for children and adolescents. This clinical report provides guidance to help pediatricians address the nutritional, physical activity, sleep, media and screen use, and social-emotional factors that affect child and adolescent health and wellness. The recommendations in this clinical report aim to promote health and wellness practices for infants, children, and adolescents across several domains of influence, including the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie D. Muth
- Children’s Primary Care Medical Group, Carlsbad, Californiaand Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher Bolling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tamara Hannon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Mona Sharifi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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17
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Li H, Yang Z, You L, Liu S. Exploration of the factors influencing the quality of life among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: the data from a cross-sectional study in Shandong. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:573. [PMID: 38388446 PMCID: PMC10885489 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked unprecedented transformations in the lives of adolescents, with reshaping their routines, social dynamics, educational experiences, and overall well-being. Our study delves into the influence of various factors on adolescents' quality of life (QOL) among the COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong Province, China. METHODS Employing a cross-sectional research approach combined with multivariable analysis, we scrutinize the association of demographic factors (age, gender, education level, ethnic groups, urban area, and family economic status) and health-related behaviors (sleep duration, and self-reported health status) with QOL in 9953 students. RESULTS During the pandemic, the average QOL for adolescents in Shandong Province was 133. Our analysis revealed that sleep duration and age had statistically significant associations with total QOL, with the OR values of 1.43 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 to 1.83) and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.19 to 0.70), respectively. Notably, we observed that adolescents from economically disadvantaged families, or those with poorer self-reported health status, were more likely to report lower QOL scores. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study highlights the potential association of sleep duration, age, family economic status, and self-reported health with the QOL of adolescents in Shandong Province during the pandemic. During similar public health crises, policymakers, educators, and healthcare providers can actively work through resource allocation and effective intervention measures towards alleviating financial burdens, improving health conditions, and ultimately enhancing the total QOL for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Li
- Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 350012, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, China
| | - Libin You
- Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 350012, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Zoonotic Disease Research, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 350012, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, China.
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18
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Vilela S, Vaz A, Oliveira A. Sleep timing behaviour, sleep duration and adherence to obesogenic dietary patterns from pre-school to school age: results from the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI. J Sleep Res 2024:e14172. [PMID: 38375691 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
In an obesogenic environment, short sleeping may increase opportunistic eating. The timing of sleep might also influence the drive to eat. This study investigated the prospective association of sleep timing and duration with diet in 5286 children from the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI, evaluated at 4 and 7 years of age. At 4 years, sleep duration was categorised into ≤10 and >10 h. Four sleep timing categories were generated based on the median split for sleep-onset and -offset times: 'Early Sleep-Early Wake'; 'Early Sleep-Late Wake'; 'Late Sleep-Early Wake'; 'Late Sleep-Late Wake'. At 7 years, diet was obtained by a food frequency questionnaire and three dietary patterns were included: 'Healthier', 'Energy-Dense Foods (EDF)' and 'Snacking'. The Healthy Eating Index was used to evaluate diet quality. Multinomial logistic regression models and generalised linear models were performed. Children who had a late sleep, independently of the time of waking up, had higher odds of following the 'EDF' pattern, compared with the 'Healthier'. Boys who had late sleep and/or late wake had also higher odds of following the 'Snacking' pattern and had poorer diet quality. In both sexes, a late sleep or late wake were associated with a lower diet quality, compared to the group 'Early Sleep-Early Wake', and independently of nap behaviour. In boys, shorter sleep duration was associated with a poorer diet. In conclusion, pre-schoolers with late bedtimes or wake-up times have worse dietary patterns and poorer diet quality at the age of 7 years, which seems to be independent of sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Vaz
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Saúde Pública e Ciências Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Newson JJ, Bala J, Giedd JN, Maxwell B, Thiagarajan TC. Leveraging big data for causal understanding in mental health: a research framework. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1337740. [PMID: 38439791 PMCID: PMC10910083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past 30 years there have been numerous large-scale and longitudinal psychiatric research efforts to improve our understanding and treatment of mental health conditions. However, despite the huge effort by the research community and considerable funding, we still lack a causal understanding of most mental health disorders. Consequently, the majority of psychiatric diagnosis and treatment still operates at the level of symptomatic experience, rather than measuring or addressing root causes. This results in a trial-and-error approach that is a poor fit to underlying causality with poor clinical outcomes. Here we discuss how a research framework that originates from exploration of causal factors, rather than symptom groupings, applied to large scale multi-dimensional data can help address some of the current challenges facing mental health research and, in turn, clinical outcomes. Firstly, we describe some of the challenges and complexities underpinning the search for causal drivers of mental health conditions, focusing on current approaches to the assessment and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders, the many-to-many mappings between symptoms and causes, the search for biomarkers of heterogeneous symptom groups, and the multiple, dynamically interacting variables that influence our psychology. Secondly, we put forward a causal-orientated framework in the context of two large-scale datasets arising from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, the largest long-term study of brain development and child health in the United States, and the Global Mind Project which is the largest database in the world of mental health profiles along with life context information from 1.4 million people across the globe. Finally, we describe how analytical and machine learning approaches such as clustering and causal inference can be used on datasets such as these to help elucidate a more causal understanding of mental health conditions to enable diagnostic approaches and preventative solutions that tackle mental health challenges at their root cause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerzy Bala
- Sapien Labs, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Jay N. Giedd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin Maxwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Rady Children’s Hospital – San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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20
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An X, Lian J, Xu L, Peng Z, Chen S, Cheng MY, Shao Y. Changes in electroencephalography microstates are associated with reduced levels of vigilance after sleep deprivation. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148729. [PMID: 38128810 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Total sleep deprivation (TSD) negatively affects cognitive functions, especially vigilance attention, but studies on vigilance changes in terms of electroencephalography (EEG) microstates after TSD are limited. This study investigates the impact of TSD on vigilance attention, EEG microstates and its relationship. Thirty healthy adult males completed a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) before, 24 h after, and 36 h after TSD while their EEG was recorded during rest. Microstate analysis revealed significant changes in the occurrence and contribution of microstate class B after TSD. Moreover, changes in the probability of transitioning between microstate classes A and D were observed, correlating with decreased vigilance. Specifically, a positive correlation was found between transitioning from class B to class C and vigilance, while a trend of negative correlation was observed between transitioning between classes A and D and vigilance. These findings indicate abnormal activity in the salience network and dorsal attention network following sleep deprivation. TSD impairs vigilance attention, as demonstrated by the effects on EEG microstate class B and the transitions between classes A and D. The study suggests its potential as an early warning indicator for predicting vigilance attention after sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin An
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Lian
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Peng
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shufang Chen
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Yang Cheng
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yongcong Shao
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
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21
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Gu Z, Barch DM, Luo Q. Prenatal substance exposure and child health: Understanding the role of environmental factors, genetics, and brain development. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae003. [PMID: 38292554 PMCID: PMC10826906 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal substance exposure (PSE) has been linked to adverse health outcomes, but its interactions with environmental and genetic factors remain unclear. Using data from the adolescent brain cognitive development cohort (n = 9,838; baseline age: 9.92 ± 0.62 years), we tested for the robust associations of PSE-caffeine/alcohol/tobacco/marijuana with children's health, cognition, and brain metrics after controlling for the environmental and genetic contexts. The environmental context involved birth, familial, and societal risk factors, while the genetic context included family histories and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of mental disorders. In this sample, PSE-caffeine was observed in 59.8%, PSE-alcohol in 25.7%, PSE-tobacco in 13.2%, and PSE-marijuana in 5.6% of children. PSE-tobacco/marijuana was associated with higher environmental risks, PSE-alcohol was associated with lower familial risks, and all PSEs were associated with higher genetic risks. Controlling for these contexts reduced the number of significant health associations by 100, 91, 84, and 18% for PSE-tobacco/marijuana/caffeine/alcohol. Compared to the baseline, PSE-alcohol had the most health associations that were persistent over a 2-year period from preadolescence to adolescence, including associations with more sleep and mental health problems, improved cognitive functions, and larger brain volumes. These persistent associations with mental health problems and crystallized cognition were mediated by the surface areas of the frontal and the parietal cortices, respectively. Lower risk scores of the familial contexts attenuated associations between PSE-alcohol/marijuana and mental health problems. Higher PRS for substance use disorders enhanced late-onset associations of PSE-marijuana with externalizing problems. Results support the "health in context" concept, emphasizing modifiable factors mitigating adverse PSE effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Gu
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qiang Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Acupuncture & Meridian, Shanghai 200433, China
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Chen P, Sun HL, Li DH, Feng Y, Su Z, Cheung T, Cui XL, Ungvari GS, Jackson T, An FR, Xiang YT. A comparison of psychiatric symptoms between mental health professionals with and without post-infection sequelae of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115631. [PMID: 38101073 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Post-infection sequelae of COVID-19 (PISC) have raised public health concerns. However, it is not clear whether infected mental health professionals (MHPs) with PISC have experienced more psychiatric symptoms than MHPs without PISC do. This study examined differences in the prevalence of self-reported depression, anxiety, insomnia and suicidality as well as the network structures of these symptoms between these two groups. Participants completed questionnaire measures of psychiatric symptoms and demographics. Expected influence was used to measure centrality of symptoms and network comparison tests were adopted to compare differences in the two network models. The sample comprised 2,596 participants without PISC and 2,573 matched participants with PISC. MHPs with PISC had comparatively higher symptom levels related to depression (55.2% vs. 23.5 %), anxiety (32.0% vs. 14.9 %), insomnia (43.3% vs. 17.3 %), and suicidality (9.6% vs. 5.3 %). PHQ4 ("Fatigue"), PHQ6 ("Guilt"), and GAD2 ("Uncontrollable Worrying") were the most central symptoms in the "without PISC" network model. Conversely, GAD3 ("Worry too much"), GAD5 ("Restlessness"), and GAD4 ("Trouble relaxing") were more central in the "with PISC" network model. In sum, MHPs with PISC experienced comparatively more psychiatric symptoms and related disturbances. Network results provide foundations for the expectation that MHPs with PISC may benefit from interventions that address anxiety-related symptoms, while those without PISC may benefit from interventions targeting depression-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - He-Li Sun
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - De-Hui Li
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi-Ling Cui
- Department of Business Administration, Hong Kong Shue Yan University Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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23
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Mummaneni A, Kardan O, Stier AJ, Chamberlain TA, Chao AF, Berman MG, Rosenberg MD. Functional brain connectivity predicts sleep duration in youth and adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6293-6307. [PMID: 37916784 PMCID: PMC10681648 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is critical to a variety of cognitive functions and insufficient sleep can have negative consequences for mood and behavior across the lifespan. An important open question is how sleep duration is related to functional brain organization which may in turn impact cognition. To characterize the functional brain networks related to sleep across youth and young adulthood, we analyzed data from the publicly available Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset, which includes n-back task-based and resting-state fMRI data from adults aged 22-35 years (task n = 896; rest n = 898). We applied connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict participants' mean sleep duration from their functional connectivity patterns. Models trained and tested using 10-fold cross-validation predicted self-reported average sleep duration for the past month from n-back task and resting-state connectivity patterns. We replicated this finding in data from the 2-year follow-up study session of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, which also includes n-back task and resting-state fMRI for adolescents aged 11-12 years (task n = 786; rest n = 1274) as well as Fitbit data reflecting average sleep duration per night over an average duration of 23.97 days. CPMs trained and tested with 10-fold cross-validation again predicted sleep duration from n-back task and resting-state functional connectivity patterns. Furthermore, demonstrating that predictive models are robust across independent datasets, CPMs trained on rest data from the HCP sample successfully generalized to predict sleep duration in the ABCD Study sample and vice versa. Thus, common resting-state functional brain connectivity patterns reflect sleep duration in youth and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omid Kardan
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Andrew J. Stier
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Taylor A. Chamberlain
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of PsychologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Alfred F. Chao
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Marc G. Berman
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Neuroscience InstituteThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Monica D. Rosenberg
- Department of PsychologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Neuroscience InstituteThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Yang FN, Picchioni D, Duyn JH. Effects of sleep-corrected social jetlag on measures of mental health, cognitive ability, and brain functional connectivity in early adolescence. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad259. [PMID: 37788383 PMCID: PMC10710981 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately half of adolescents encounter a mismatch between their sleep patterns on school days and free days, also referred to as "social jetlag." This condition has been linked to various adverse outcomes, such as poor sleep, cognitive deficits, and mental disorders. However, prior research was unsuccessful in accounting for other variables that are correlated with social jetlag, including sleep duration and quality. To address this limitation, we applied a propensity score matching method on a sample of 6335 11-12-year-olds from the 2-year follow-up (FL2) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. We identified 2424 pairs of participants with high sleep-corrected social jetlag (SJLsc, over 1 hour) and low SJLsc (<= 1 hour) at FL2 (1728 pairs have neuroimaging data), as well as 1626 pairs at 3-year follow-up (FL3), after matching based on 11 covariates including socioeconomic status, demographics, and sleep duration and quality. Our results showed that high SJLsc, as measured by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, was linked to reduced crystallized intelligence (CI), lower school performance-grades, and decreased functional connectivity between cortical networks and subcortical regions, specifically between cingulo-opercular network and right hippocampus. Further mediation and longitudinal mediation analyses revealed that this connection mediated the associations between SJLsc and CI at FL2, and between SJLsc and grades at both FL2 and FL3. We validated these findings by replicating these results using objective SJLsc measurements obtained via Fitbit watches. Overall, our study highlights the negative association between social jetlag and CI during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nils Yang
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dante Picchioni
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeff H Duyn
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Zhou J, Zhu L, Teng Y, Tong J, Gao G, Yan S, Tao F, Huang K. Early sleep duration trajectories and children's cognitive development: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:5353-5365. [PMID: 37737885 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration trajectories and cognitive performance in preschool-aged Chinese children. We included 2131 children from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (MABC) study. Sleep duration trajectories from 6 to 48 months of age were determined using the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). Children's intellectual development was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Compared to those with a medium total sleep duration trajectory, children with a short total sleep duration trajectory had poorer cognitive performance on the Visual Spatial Index (VSI) (β = -3.65; 95% CI = -6.77 to -0.53), which was associated with an increased risk of a low full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.51). The short total sleep duration trajectory was associated with a low VSI compared with both the medium total sleep duration trajectory and the long total sleep duration trajectory. Compared to children with normal nighttime sleep duration and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories, children with short nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, normal nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, and short nighttime sleep and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories all had lower cognitive performance. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) also showed that children with and appropriate total sleep duration, an adequate nighttime sleep duration, and a moderate daytime sleep duration had higher FSIQ. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study emphasize that a medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime, and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development. WHAT IS KNOWN • Sleep duration in infancy is strongly associated with neurocognitive development. WHAT IS NEW • Medium and long total sleep duration trajectories are beneficial for children's cognitive performance compared to the short total sleep duration trajectory. • A medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixing Zhou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuzhu Teng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Tong
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guopeng Gao
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma'anshan, No 24 Jiashan Road, Ma'anshan, 243011, Anhui, China
| | - Shuangqin Yan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma'anshan, No 24 Jiashan Road, Ma'anshan, 243011, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of study on abnormal gametes and reproductive tract, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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26
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Xu CY, Zhu KT, Ruan XY, Zhu XY, Zhang YS, Tong WX, Li B. Effect of physical exercise on sleep quality in college students: Mediating role of smartphone use. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288226. [PMID: 37922266 PMCID: PMC10624267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of physical exercise on sleep quality and the mediating effect of smartphone use behavior in college students. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was adopted. An online survey of 5,075 college students was conducted using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale. RESULTS The sleep quality of college students was poor, and the proportion of college students with good sleep quality was 23.567%. A significant correlation existed between sleep quality and physical exercise (r = -0.159, P < 0.001) and mobile phone addiction (r = 0.355, P < 0.001). Physical exercise can predict sleep quality in college students (β = -0.011, P < 0.001). Smartphone use plays a part in mediating the process by which physical exercise affects sleep quality. CONCLUSION Chinese college students have poor sleep quality. Physical exercise and smartphone use behavior are important factors affecting the sleep quality of college students. Physical exercise can directly predict the sleep quality of college students and can predict the sleep quality of college students through the mediating effect of smartphone use behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yi Xu
- Ministry of Sports, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning China
| | - Kai-Tuo Zhu
- Graduate School, Kyonggi University, Suwon City, Korea
| | | | - Xiao-Ya Zhu
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Yang-Sheng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Nanjing Xiao zhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Xia Tong
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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27
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Yang FN, Liu TT, Wang Z. Corticostriatal connectivity mediates the reciprocal relationship between parent-reported sleep duration and impulsivity in early adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1545-1554. [PMID: 37248201 PMCID: PMC10592631 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence, a developmental period characterized by significant changes in sleep, is associated with normative increases in impulsivity. While short sleep duration has been linked to elevated impulsivity, the neural mechanism underlying the relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity remains poorly understood. METHODS We analyzed a dataset of 7,884 drug-naive 9-10 year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Among them, 5,166 have two-year follow-up neuroimaging data. Linear mixed-effects models, mediation analyses, and longitudinal mediation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between parent-reported sleep duration, impulsivity, and functional and structural connectivity between the cortex and the striatum. RESULTS We found that less sleep duration is significantly associated with higher positive and negative urgency, which are two affect-related components of impulsivity. In addition, we observed a link between short sleep duration and reduced corticostriatal connectivity. Neural pathways associated with short sleep duration-functional connectivity between the cingulo-opercular network and the left caudate, and between the cingulo-parietal network and the right pallidum-mediated the association between sleep duration and positive urgency both at baseline and two-year follow-up. Longitudinal mediation analyses further revealed that short sleep duration and elevated positive urgency exacerbated each other through these two corticostriatal connectivities. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the key role of corticostriatal connectivities in the reciprocal relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity. Given the increasing prevalence of short sleep duration in adolescents, the link between sleep duration, impulsivity, and corticostriatal connectivities has important implications for timely interventions to address impulsive problems in early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nils Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina Tong Liu
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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28
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Royle ML, Connolly EJ, Nowakowski S, Temple JR. Sleep duration, sleep quality, and weapon carrying in a sample of adolescents from Texas. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102385. [PMID: 37662869 PMCID: PMC10474321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies are beginning to document an association between sleep duration and a range of adolescent delinquent behaviors, including weapon carrying. However, little is known about whether and to what extent sleep quality - another dimension of sleep for healthy adolescent functioning - is associated with weapon carrying. We address this gap in knowledge by evaluating the role of restless sleep and sleep duration in adolescent weapon carrying. Methods We analyze data from a diverse sample of 994 adolescents from Texas, USA collected in 2010. Multivariate logistic regression models estimate the association of sleep duration and restless sleep on weapon carrying after controlling for theoretical covariates and demographic characteristics. Results Adolescents sleeping 4 h or less on school nights were more than twice as likely to report carrying a weapon (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.16-4.89, p =.018). Sleeping 5-6 h was associated with higher odds of carrying a weapon, while 6-7 h and 8 or more hours were associated with lower odds; however, all associations were non-significant. Restless sleep was associated with weapon carrying at the bivariate level (Pearson χ2 (3) = 10.56, p =.014), but not at the multivariate (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.91-1.32, p =.299). Conclusions Our findings align with previous research demonstrating that sleeping 4 or less hours increases the likelihood of adolescent weapon carrying. Restless sleep appears to play less of a role. Future research should elucidate the longitudinal pathways between sleep duration, sleep quality, and forms of adolescent weapon carrying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L. Royle
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77340, United States
| | - Eric J. Connolly
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77340, United States
| | - Sara Nowakowski
- Department of Medicine, Section of Health Services Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jeff R. Temple
- Center for Violence Prevention, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, United States
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29
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Paulus MP, Zhao Y, Potenza MN, Aupperle RL, Bagot KS, Tapert SF. Screen media activity in youth: A critical review of mental health and neuroscience findings. JOURNAL OF MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS 2023; 3:100018. [PMID: 37927536 PMCID: PMC10624397 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This review has two primary objectives: (1) to offer a balanced examination of recent findings on the relationship between screen media activity (SMA) in young individuals and outcomes such as sleep patterns, mood disturbances, anxiety-related concerns, and cognitive processes; and (2) to introduce a novel multi-level system model that integrates these findings, resolves contradictions in the literature, and guides future studies in examining key covariates affecting the SMA-mental health relationship. Key findings include: (1) Several meta-analyses reveal a significant association between SMA and mental health issues, particularly anxiety and depression, including specific negative effects linked to prolonged screen time; (2) substantial evidence indicates that SMA has both immediate and long-term impacts on sleep duration and quality; (3) the relationship between SMA and cognitive functioning is complex, with mixed findings showing both positive and negative associations; and (4) the multifaceted relationship between SMA and various aspects of adolescent life is influenced by a wide range of environmental and contextual factors. SMA in youth is best understood within a complex system encompassing individual, caregiver, school, peer, and environmental factors, as framed by Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, which identifies five interrelated systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem) that influence development across both proximal and distal levels of the environment. This model provides a framework for future research to examine these interactions, considering moderating factors, and to develop targeted interventions that can mitigate potential adverse effects of SMA on mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655S. Yale Ave., Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
- School of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, 1215 South Boulder Ave. W., Tulsa, OK 74119, USA
| | - Yihong Zhao
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560W 168th Street, Room 614, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Room 726, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, 1 Church Street, Room 726, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, 1 Church Street, Room 726, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, 1 Church Street, Room 726, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Robin L. Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655S. Yale Ave., Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Kara S. Bagot
- iIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, USA
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, UCSD Health Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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30
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Pérez-Villa A, Echeverría-Garcés G, Ramos-Medina MJ, Prathap L, Martínez-López M, Ramírez-Sánchez D, García-Cárdenas JM, Armendáriz-Castillo I, Guerrero S, Paz C, López-Cortés A. Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the molecular interplay between circadian clocks and cancer pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14198. [PMID: 37648722 PMCID: PMC10469199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (CRs) are fundamental biological processes that significantly impact human well-being. Disruption of these rhythms can trigger insufficient neurocognitive development, insomnia, mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic dysfunctions, and cancer. The field of chronobiology has increased our understanding of how rhythm disturbances contribute to cancer pathogenesis, and how circadian timing influences the efficacy of cancer treatments. As the circadian clock steadily gains recognition as an emerging factor in tumorigenesis, a thorough and comprehensive multi-omics analysis of CR genes/proteins has never been performed. To shed light on this, we performed, for the first time, an integrated data analysis encompassing genomic/transcriptomic alterations across 32 cancer types (n = 10,918 tumors) taken from the PanCancer Atlas, unfavorable prognostic protein analysis, protein-protein interactomics, and shortest distance score pathways to cancer hallmark phenotypes. This data mining strategy allowed us to unravel 31 essential CR-related proteins involved in the signaling crossroad between circadian rhythms and cancer. In the context of drugging the clock, we identified pharmacogenomic clinical annotations and drugs currently in late phase clinical trials that could be considered as potential cancer therapeutic strategies. These findings highlight the diverse roles of CR-related genes/proteins in the realm of cancer research and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Pérez-Villa
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Programa de Investigación en Salud Global, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Echeverría-Garcés
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública "Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez", Quito, Ecuador
| | - María José Ramos-Medina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lavanya Prathap
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Mayra Martínez-López
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - David Ramírez-Sánchez
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jennyfer M García-Cárdenas
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ciencia de Datos Biomédicos, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Isaac Armendáriz-Castillo
- Programa de Investigación en Salud Global, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ciencia de Datos Biomédicos, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina (CISeAL), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Guerrero
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ciencia de Datos Biomédicos, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Clara Paz
- Grupo de Investigación Bienestar, Salud y Sociedad, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
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Yang FN, Picchioni D, Duyn JH. The effect of sleep-corrected social jetlag on crystalized intelligence, school performance, and functional connectome in early adolescence. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.07.18.23292833. [PMID: 37502864 PMCID: PMC10371116 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.18.23292833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Approximately half of adolescents encounter a mismatch between their sleep patterns on school days and free days, also referred to as "social jetlag". This condition has been linked to various adverse outcomes, such as poor sleep, cognitive deficits, and mental disorders. However, prior research was unsuccessful in accounting for other variables that are correlated with social jetlag, including sleep duration and quality. To address this limitation, we applied a propensity score matching method on a sample of 8853 11-12-year-olds from the two-year follow-up (FL2) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We identified 3366 pairs of participants with high sleep-corrected social jetlag (SJLsc, over 1 hour) and low SJLsc (<= 1 hour) at FL2, as well as 1277 pairs at three-year follow-up (FL3), after matching based on 11 covariates including socioeconomic status, demographics, and sleep duration and quality. Our results showed that high SJLsc, as measured by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, was linked to reduced crystallized intelligence, lower school performance - grades, and decreased functional connectivity between cortical networks and subcortical regions, specifically between cingulo-opercular network and right hippocampus (cerc-hprh). Further mediation and longitudinal mediation analyses revealed that cerc-hprh connection mediated the associations between SJLsc and crystallized intelligence at FL2, and between SJLsc and grades at both FL2 and FL3. We validated these findings by replicating these results using objective SJLsc measurements obtained via Fitbit watches. Overall, our study highlights the negative association between social jetlag and crystallized intelligence during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nils Yang
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dante Picchioni
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeff H Duyn
- Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Cao X, Liu X. Time Use and Cognitive Achievement among Adolescents in China: Depression Symptoms as Mediators. J Intell 2023; 11:jintelligence11050088. [PMID: 37233337 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11050088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Everyone's time is limited, and there is competition between different aspects of time use; this requires comprehensive consideration of the effects of different aspects of time use on cognitive achievement in adolescents. This study uses a dataset of 11,717 students from a nationally representative large-scale survey project conducted in 2013 to 2014 to clarify the relationship between time use (including working on homework, playing sports, surfing the Internet, watching TV, and sleeping) and cognitive achievement among Chinese adolescents, and explores the mediating role of depression symptoms in the relationship between time use and cognitive achievement. The results of the correlation analysis show that the average daily time spent on homework, playing sports, and sleeping is significantly positively correlated with cognitive achievement (p < 0.01), while time spent surfing the Internet and watching TV are significantly negatively correlated with cognitive achievement (p < 0.01). The results of the mediating effect model show that depression symptoms play a mediating role in the relationship between time use and cognitive achievement among Chinese adolescents. Specifically, time spent playing sports (indirect effect = 0.008, p < 0.001) and sleeping (indirect effect = 0.015, p < 0.001) have a positive effect on cognitive achievement when using depression symptoms as mediators; time spent on homework (indirect effect = -0.004, p < 0.001), surfing the Internet (indirect effect = -0.002, p = 0.046), and watching TV (indirect effect = -0.005, p < 0.001) have a negative effect on cognitive achievement when using depression symptoms as mediators. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between time use and cognitive achievement among Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Cao
- Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinqiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Distressing dreams in childhood and risk of cognitive impairment or Parkinson's disease in adulthood: a national birth cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 57:101872. [PMID: 37064510 PMCID: PMC10102896 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Distressing dreams in middle-aged and older adults have been associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment (including dementia) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Whether distressing dreams in younger people might be associated with an increased risk of developing these conditions is unknown. This study investigated the association between distressing dreams in childhood and the risk of developing cognitive impairment or PD by age 50. Methods Data from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study - a prospective birth cohort which included all people born in Britain during a single week in 1958, were used in this longitudinal analysis. Information on distressing dreams were obtained prospectively from the children's mothers at ages 7 (1965) and 11 (1969). Cognitive impairment and PD at age 50 (2008) were determined by cognitive assessment and doctor-diagnosis respectively. The association between distressing dreams at ages 7 and 11 (no time point, 1 time point, 2 time points) and cognitive impairment or PD at age 50, was evaluated using multivariable Firth logistic regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. Findings Among 6991 children (50.6% female) with follow-up available at age 50, 267 (3.8%) developed cognitive impairment or PD. After adjustment for all covariates, having more regular distressing dreams during childhood was linearly and statistically significantly associated with higher risk of developing cognitive impairment or PD by age 50 (P for trend = 0.037). Compared with children who never had distressing dreams (no time point), children who had persistent distressing dreams (2 time points) had an 85% increased risk of developing cognitive impairment or PD by age 50 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.11). Interpretation Having persistent distressing dreams during childhood may be associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment or PD in adulthood. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine whether treating distressing dreams during early life may lower the risk of dementia and PD. Funding The study received no external funding.
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Pandora's Box. BJPsych Int 2023; 20:26-28. [PMID: 36812023 PMCID: PMC9909410 DOI: 10.1192/bji.2022.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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Speyer LG. The importance of sleep for adolescents' long-term development. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2022; 6:669-670. [PMID: 35914536 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Ramírez-Contreras C, Santamaría-Orleans A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Zerón-Rugerio MF. Sleep dimensions are associated with obesity, poor diet quality and eating behaviors in school-aged children. Front Nutr 2022; 9:959503. [PMID: 36211495 PMCID: PMC9539562 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.959503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sleep dimensions (duration, patterns, and disturbances) with body mass index (BMI), diet quality, and eating behaviors in school-aged children. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether obesogenic eating behaviors (higher food responsiveness, lower satiety responsiveness, and less slowness in eating) and poor diet quality could mediate the potential association between sleep and obesity in school-aged children. Materials and methods For all participants (n = 588 children, age 5–12 years; 51% girls) we evaluated: sleep dimensions, BMI, diet quality, eating behaviors (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating). Linear regression models were used to test associations between exposure and outcome variables. Additionally, path analysis was conducted to test whether eating behaviors mediated the relationship between sleep and obesity. Results Shorter sleep duration (β = −0.722, p = 0.009) and greater sleep disturbances (β = 0.031, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with BMI. Additionally, we observed that diet quality was significantly associated with sleep duration (β = 0.430, p = 0.004), the midpoint of sleep (β = −0.927, p < 0.001), and sleep disturbances (β = −0.029, p < 0.001). Among other findings, greater sleep disturbances were associated with food responsiveness (β = 0.017, p < 0.001), satiety responsiveness (β = 0.015, p < 0.001), and slowness in eating (β = 0.012, p < 0.001). Importantly, food responsiveness was found as significant mediator of the relationship between sleep and BMI (R = 0.427, R2 = 0.182, p < 0.001). Conclusions Late sleep patterns, short sleep duration, and greater sleep disturbances are significantly related with what and how school-aged children eat. Importantly, poor diet quality was significantly related to all three sleep dimensions, while eating behaviors had a significant relationship with greater sleep disturbances. These findings may be relevant to the development of behavioral targets to prevent childhood obesity, including sleep hygiene guidelines as a strategy to improve children's eating habits, as well as their BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Ramírez-Contreras
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
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