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de Miranda VHM, Dos Santos CP, Neves PP, Nascimento-Filho AV, Dutra MRH, Bernardes N, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Ameliorates Early Cardiometabolic Disorders in Fructose-Overloaded Rat Offspring. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1055. [PMID: 39204159 PMCID: PMC11359402 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigate the role of galantamine on autonomic dysfunction associated with early cardiometabolic dysfunction in the offspring of fructose-overloaded rats. METHODS Wistar rats received fructose diluted in drinking water (10%) or water for 60 days prior to mating. Fructose overload was maintained until the end of lactation. The offspring (21 days after birth) of control and fructose-overloaded animals were divided into three groups: control (C), fructose (F) and fructose + galantamine (GAL). GAL (5 mg/kg) was administered orally until the offspring were 51 days old. Metabolic, hemodynamic and cardiovascular autonomic modulation were evaluated. RESULTS The F group showed decreased insulin tolerance (KITT) compared to the C and GAL groups. The F group, in comparison to the C group, had increased arterial blood pressure, heart rate and sympathovagal balance (LF/HF ratio) and a low-frequency band of systolic arterial pressure (LF-SAP). The GAL group, in comparison to the F group, showed increased vagally mediated RMSSD index, a high-frequency band (HF-PI) and decreased LF/HF ratio and variance in SAP (VAR-SAP) and LF-SAP. Correlations were found between HF-PI and KITT (r = 0.60), heart rate (r = -0.65) and MAP (r = -0.71). CONCLUSIONS GAL treatment significantly improved cardiovascular autonomic modulation, which was associated with the amelioration of cardiometabolic dysfunction in offspring of parents exposed to chronic fructose consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Martins de Miranda
- Physiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (V.H.M.d.M.); (C.P.D.S.); (A.V.N.-F.)
| | - Camila Paixão Dos Santos
- Physiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (V.H.M.d.M.); (C.P.D.S.); (A.V.N.-F.)
| | - Pietra Petrica Neves
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (P.P.N.); (M.R.H.D.)
| | - Antonio Viana Nascimento-Filho
- Physiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (V.H.M.d.M.); (C.P.D.S.); (A.V.N.-F.)
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (P.P.N.); (M.R.H.D.)
| | - Marina Rascio Henriques Dutra
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (P.P.N.); (M.R.H.D.)
| | - Nathalia Bernardes
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, São Judas Tadeu University, Sao Paulo 03166-000, Brazil;
| | - Maria Claúdia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil;
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Physiology Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (V.H.M.d.M.); (C.P.D.S.); (A.V.N.-F.)
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil; (P.P.N.); (M.R.H.D.)
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Zeng Y, Piao Y. Association Analysis of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:453-462. [PMID: 38663436 DOI: 10.1055/a-2293-7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused on the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Data from two cycles of NHANES (2007-2010) were analyzed. Weighted logistic regression models were constructed to explore the relationship between DII and GDM. Stratified and subgroup analyses with adjustment for confounding factors were carried out to explore the association between DII and GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate potential mediating factors. RESULTS A total of 1,421 samples were analyzed. Based on the weighted logistic regression model, a strong positive association was observed between DII score and GDM risk (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02-1.26, P<0.01), suggesting that a pro-inflammatory diet could considerably increase the likelihood of GDM occurrence. This positive association was particularly significant in populations who consume alcohol (OR:1.17, 95%CI: 1.03-1.34, P<0.01) and have a body mass index>30 kg/m² (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38, P<0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that the white blood cell count mediated the association between DII and GDM, with an indirect effect of 0.000828 (95% CI: 0.000226-0.001347, P=0.001) and a mediation proportion of 8.01%. Specifically, the neutrophil count as a component contributed to this mediation effect (0.000774, 95% CI: 0.00014-0.001063, P=0.001), with a mediation proportion of 7.59%. CONCLUSION A pro-inflammatory diet in women elevates the likelihood of GDM occurrence. An anti-inflammatory dietary pattern may be a protective intervention for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zeng
- Department of Obstetric, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Yina Piao
- Department of Obstetric, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
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Ortiz-Valladares M, Peregrino-Ramírez C, Pedraza-Medina R, Guzmán-Muñiz J. Differential effects of perigestational consumption of sucrose-sweetened beverages on anxiety and depression-related behaviors in adult offspring: Sex disparity in a mouse model. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:434-445. [PMID: 38813650 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of sucrose-sweetened drinks (SSDs) during pregnancy and breastfeeding can lead to various health and metabolism issues, but the potential impact on neurodevelopment and long-term effects remains unclear. This study aims to examine how maternal consumption of SSDs during gestation and lactation influences anxiety and depression-related behavior in adult offspring. Adult female CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to a control group (CG) or a sucrose group (SG) 2 weeks before gestation. The SG had 2 h of access to an SSD (15% w/w, 0.6 kcal/ml) for 2 weeks before mating, during pregnancy, and throughout lactation, totaling 8 weeks. Adult offspring were then evaluated for depressive-related behaviors and anxiety-related behaviors. Our findings reveal that perigestational consumption of SSDs does not lead to offspring presenting behaviors related to depression, but it does increase swimming behavior. However, maternal consumption of SSDs could impact the fighting response due to a diminished motivational component. In contrast, perigestational consumption of SSDs has apparent effects on anxiety-related behavior. Furthermore, female offspring appeared to be particularly vulnerable, exhibiting a higher anxiety index compared with controls. These findings indicate that females could be more vulnerable to the effects of maternal consumption of SSDs, being more susceptible to the presence of anxiety-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Pedraza-Medina
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
- Medical Science Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guzmán-Muñiz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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Wang Z, Cui X, Yu H, Chan EM, Shi Z, Shi S, Shen L, Sun Z, Song Q, Lu W, Ma W, Mai S, Zang J. Association of Beverage Consumption during Pregnancy with Adverse Maternal and Offspring Outcomes. Nutrients 2024; 16:2412. [PMID: 39125293 PMCID: PMC11314345 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the global consumption of sugary and non-sugar sweetened beverages continues to rise, there is growing concern about their health impacts, particularly among pregnant women and their offspring. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the consumption patterns of various beverages among pregnant women in Shanghai and their potential health impacts on both mothers and offspring. METHOD We applied a multi-stage random sampling method to select participants from 16 districts in Shanghai. Each district was categorised into five zones. Two towns were randomly selected from each zone, and from each town, 30 pregnant women were randomly selected. Data were collected through face-to-face questionnaires. Follow-up data on births within a year after the survey were also obtained. RESULT The consumption rates of total beverages (TB), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and non-sugar sweetened beverages (NSS) were 73.2%, 72.8%, and 13.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to non-consumers, pregnant women consuming TB three times or less per week had a 38.4% increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR = 1.384; 95% CI: 1.129-1.696) and a 64.2% increased risk of gestational hypertension (GH) (OR = 1.642; 95% CI: 1.129-2.389). Those consuming TB four or more times per week faced a 154.3% higher risk of GDM (OR = 2.543; 95% CI: 2.064-3.314) and a 169.3% increased risk of GH (OR = 2.693; 95% CI: 1.773-4.091). Similar results were observed in the analysis of SSB. Regarding offspring health, compared to non-consumers, TB consumption four or more times per week was associated with a substantial increase in the risk of macrosomia (OR = 2.143; 95% CI: 1.304-3.522) and large for gestational age (LGA) (OR = 1.695; 95% CI: 1.219-2.356). In the analysis of NSS, with a significantly increased risk of macrosomia (OR = 6.581; 95% CI:2.796-13.824) and LGA (OR = 7.554; 95% CI: 3.372-16.921). CONCLUSION The high level of beverage consumption among pregnant women in Shanghai needs attention. Excessive consumption of beverages increases the risk of GDM and GH, while excessive consumption of NSS possibly has a greater impact on offspring macrosomia and LGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Xin Cui
- Shanghai Health Statistics Center, Shanghai 200040, China;
| | - Huiting Yu
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China;
| | - Ee-Mien Chan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Zehuan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Shuwen Shi
- The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 200237, China;
| | - Liping Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Zhuo Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Wenqing Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Shupeng Mai
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Jiajie Zang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; (Z.W.); (Z.S.); (L.S.); (Z.S.); (W.L.); (W.M.); (S.M.)
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Yeterian M, Parikh MA, Frishman WH, Peterson SJ. The Bittersweet Reality: The Cardiovascular Risk of Artificial Sweeteners. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00297. [PMID: 38980077 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Artificial sweeteners are increasingly popular as alternatives to sugar. Approximately 41% of the American adult population reports regular consumption of low-calorie sweeteners. People are not even aware they are ingesting artificial sweeteners as they are now in chewing gum, toothpaste, various food products, baked goods, and even pharmaceutical products. Some of these sweeteners are sweeter than sugar, some less sweet than sugar, and some are natural sweeteners. With the goal of increasing palatability, many products have multiple additives to create the perfect taste. Despite their widespread use and perceived benefits, there is increasing concern in the academic community about the long-term safety of these artificial sweeteners and their role in increasing the burden of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. There is general agreement about the cardiovascular risk of added sugars to a diet. Public health authorities have recommended limiting added sugar consumption. Replacing sugar with these artificial sweeteners has become increasingly popular, but safety remains a question. While multiple well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed for the conclusion, review of the current literature gives us pause about the cardiovascular risk and long-term safety of these additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesrob Yeterian
- From the Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Manish A Parikh
- From the Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
- Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Stephen J Peterson
- From the Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
- Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Dar W. Aspartame-induced cognitive dysfunction: Unveiling role of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and molecular remediation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112295. [PMID: 38776852 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Aspartame, an artificial sweetener, is consumed by millions of people globally. There are multiple reports of aspartame and its metabolites affecting cognitive functions in animal models and humans, which include learning problems, headaches, seizures, migraines, irritable moods, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. These cognitive deficits and associated symptoms are partly attributed to dysregulated excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter balance due to aspartate released from aspartame, resulting in an excitotoxic effect in neurons, leading to neuronal damage. However, microglia, a central immunocompetent cell type in brain tissue and a significant player in inflammation can contribute to the impact. Microglia rapidly respond to changes in CNS homeostasis. Aspartame consumption might affect the microglia phenotype directly via methanol-induced toxic effects and indirectly via aspartic acid-mediated excitotoxicity, exacerbating symptoms of cognitive decline. Long-term oral consumption of aspartame thus might change microglia's phenotype from ramified to activated, resulting in chronic or sustained activation, releasing excess pro-inflammatory molecules. This pro-inflammatory surge might lead to the degeneration of healthy neurons and other glial cells, impairing cognition. This review will deliberate on possible links and research gaps that need to be explored concerning aspartame consumption, ecotoxicity and microglia-mediated inflammatory cognitive impairment. The study covers a comprehensive analysis of the impact of aspartame consumption on cognitive function, considering both direct and indirect effects, including the involvement of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. We also propose a novel intervention strategy involving tryptophan supplementation to mitigate cognitive decline symptoms in individuals with prolonged aspartame consumption, providing a potential solution to address the adverse effects of aspartame on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Dar
- Translational Neurobiology and Disease Modelling Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, 201314, India.
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Xiao Z, Liu X, Luan X, Duan R, Peng W, Tong C, Qiao J, Qi H. Glucose uptake in trophoblasts of GDM mice is regulated by the AMPK-CLUT3 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12051. [PMID: 38802412 PMCID: PMC11130200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
GDM, as a metabolic disease during pregnancy, regulates GLUT3 translocation by AMPK, thereby affecting glucose uptake in trophoblasts. It provides a new research idea and therapeutic target for alleviating intrauterine hyperglycemia in GDM. STZ was used to construct GDM mice, inject AICAR into pregnant mice, and observe fetal and placental weight; flow cytometry was employed for the detection of glucose uptake by primary trophoblast cells; immunofluorescence was applied to detect the localization of GLUT3 and AMPK in placental tissue; Cocofal microscope was used to detect the localization of GLUT3 in trophoblast cells;qRT-PCR and Western blot experiments were carried out to detect the expression levels of GLUT3 and AMPK in placental tissue; CO-IP was utilized to detect the interaction of GLUT3 and AMPK. Compared with the normal pregnancy group, the weight of the fetus and placenta of GDM mice increased (P < 0.001), and the ability of trophoblasts to take up glucose decreased (P < 0.001). In addition, AMPK activity in trophoblasts and membrane localization of GLUT3 in GDM mice were down-regulated compared with normal pregnant mice (P < 0.05). There is an interaction between GLUT3 and AMPK. Activating AMPK in trophoblasts can up-regulate the expression of GLUT3 membrane protein in trophoblasts of mice (P < 0.05) and increase the glucose uptake of trophoblasts (P < 0.05). We speculate that inhibition of AMPK activity in GDM mice results in aberrant localization of GLUT3, which in turn attenuates glucose uptake by placental trophoblast cells. AICAR activates AMPK to increase the membrane localization of GLUT3 and improve the glucose uptake capacity of trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojin Luan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
- Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.
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Yu HR, Yeh YT, Tzeng HT, Dai HY, Lee WC, Wu KLH, Chan JYH, Tain YL, Hsu CN. Carbohydrate-Mediated Pregnancy Gut Microbiota and Neonatal Low Birth Weight. Nutrients 2024; 16:1326. [PMID: 38732572 PMCID: PMC11085476 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of gut microbiota on the association between carbohydrate intake during pregnancy and neonatal low birth weight (LBW) were investigated. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 257 singleton-born mother-child pairs in Taiwan, and maternal dietary intake was estimated using a questionnaire, with each macronutrient being classified as low, medium, or high. Maternal fecal samples were collected between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, and gut microbiota composition and diversity were profiled using 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing. Carbohydrates were the major source of total energy (56.61%), followed by fat (27.92%) and protein (15.46%). The rate of infant LBW was 7.8%, which was positively correlated with maternal carbohydrate intake. In the pregnancy gut microbiota, Bacteroides ovatus and Dorea spp. were indirectly and directly negatively associated with fetal growth, respectively; Rosenburia faecis was directly positively associated with neonatal birth weight. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy altered the microbiota features and was associated with poor fetal growth. Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates can modify the composition and function of the pregnancy gut microbiota, thus providing a potential marker to modulate deviations from dietary patterns, particularly in women at risk of hypertension during pregnancy, to prevent neonatal LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ying Dai
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Kay L. H. Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y. H. Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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9
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Kearns ML, Reynolds CM. The impact of non-nutritive sweeteners on fertility, maternal and child health outcomes: a review of human and animal studies. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38433591 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
There is significant evidence that an unhealthy diet greatly increases the risk of complications during pregnancy and predisposes offspring to metabolic dysfunction and obesity. While fat intake is typically associated with the onset of obesity and its comorbidities, there is increasing evidence linking sugar, particularly high fructose corn syrup, to the global rise in obesity rates. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of added sugar intake during pregnancy on mother and child have been clearly outlined. Guidelines advising pregnant women to avoid food and beverages with high fat and sugar have led to an increase in consumption of 'diet' or 'light' options. Examination of some human birth cohort studies shows that heavy consumption (at least one beverage a day) of non-nutritive sweetener (NNS) containing beverages has been associated with increased risk of preterm birth and increased weight/BMI in male offspring independent of maternal weight, which appears to be offset by breastfeeding for 6 months. Rodent models have shown that NNS exposure during pregnancy can impact maternal metabolic health, adipose tissue function, gut microbiome profiles and taste preference. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are multifaceted and further research, particularly in a translational setting is required to fully understand the effects of NNS on maternal and infant health during pregnancy. Therefore, this review examines maternal sweetener intakes and their influence on fertility, maternal health outcomes and offspring outcomes in human cohort studies and rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Kearns
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science/Conway Institute/Institute of Food and Health/Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clare M Reynolds
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science/Conway Institute/Institute of Food and Health/Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Herman A, Hand LK, Gajewski B, Krase K, Sullivan DK, Goetz J, Hull HR. A high fiber diet intervention during pregnancy: The SPROUT (Single goal in PRegnancy to optimize OUTcomes) protocol paper. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 137:107420. [PMID: 38145714 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have had a limited impact on maternal and infant outcomes. Dietary fiber is a nutrient with benefits that counters many of the metabolic and inflammatory changes that occur during pregnancy. We will determine if a high dietary fiber (HFib) intervention provides benefit to maternal and infant outcomes. METHODS AND DESIGN Pregnant women will be enrolled in an 18-week intervention and randomized in groups of 6-10 women/group into the intervention or control group. Weekly lessons will include information on high-dietary fiber foods and behavior change strategies. Women in the intervention group will be given daily snacks high in dietary fiber (10-12 g/day) to facilitate increasing dietary fiber intake. The primary aim will assess between-group differences for the change in maternal weight, dietary fiber intake, dietary quality, and body composition during pregnancy and up to two months post-partum. The secondary aim will assess between-group differences for the change in maternal weight, dietary fiber intake, and dietary quality from two months to one year post-partum and infant body composition from birth to one-year-old. DISCUSSION Effective and simple intervention strategies to improve maternal and offspring outcomes are lacking. Changes during the perinatal period are related to the risk of disease development in the mother and offspring. However, it is unknown which changes can be successfully targeted to have a meaningful impact. We will test the effect of an intervention designed to counter many of the metabolic and inflammatory changes that occur during pregnancy. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The University of Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the study protocol (STUDY00145397). The results of the trial will be disseminated at conferences and in peer reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04868110.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Herman
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Lauren K Hand
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Byron Gajewski
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Kelli Krase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Jeannine Goetz
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - Holly R Hull
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America.
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11
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Shen C, Hou R, Zhang X, Cai G, Liang C, Gan H, Xu X, Xiang H, Tao F, Cao Y, Peng X. The associations of cola intake with adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women after assisted reproductive technology treatment and women naturally conceived: a birth cohort study. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:1503-1510. [PMID: 38248811 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2023.2286347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The influence of cola intake on birth outcomes is unclear. This study sought to describe and compare the associations between cola intake and adverse birth outcomes among women following assisted reproductive technology (ART) and women spontaneously conceived (SC). Participants (736 ART women and 1,270 SC women) were from the Chinese National Birth Cohort collected in Anhui province. Cola intake was assessed by self-reported questionnaires at each trimester. Outcome measures including preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) were extracted from medical records. The association between cola intake during pregnancy and PTB was found using multivariable log-binomial regression in combined ART and SC women. Separately, for ART women, cola intake during pregnancy increased the risk of PTB (risk ratios were 2.10, 1.65, and 1.81 for all three trimesters, respectively, all p < 0.05), and cola intake in the 1st trimester increased the risk of LWB (risk ratio 2.58, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 5.16). Cola intake during pregnancy was not associated with PTB or LBW for SC women. Our findings indicate a detrimental effect of cola intake during pregnancy on birth outcomes for ART women. Thus, avoidance of cola intake should be counselled by medical doctors in women prescribed with ART treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruirui Hou
- School of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoqi Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Gan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huifen Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Peng
- School of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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12
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Gebremichael B, Lassi ZS, Begum M, Mittinty M, Zhou SJ. Patterns and Predictors of Low-Calorie Sweetener Consumption during Pregnancy: Findings from a National Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:4196. [PMID: 37836480 PMCID: PMC10574556 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the World Health Organization recommended avoiding low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) during pregnancy due to concerns that it may be linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and offspring wellbeing. This study examined the patterns and predictors of LCS consumption among pregnant women in Australia. A survey was conducted among 422 pregnant women aged 18-50 years. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary intake including LCS consumption, pregnancy-related characteristics, and awareness about the health effects of LCS were assessed. We used latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression to identify LCS consumption patterns and predictors of consumption patterns, respectively. The mean (SD) age of the women was 30 (4.6) years. Three LCS consumption patterns were identified: infrequent or non-consumers representing 50% of the women, moderate consumers encompassing 40% of the women, and the remaining were habitual consumers. Over two-thirds (71%) of women were not aware of the potential adverse effects of LCS, and only a quarter of them were concerned about the possible adverse effects on their health and their offspring. Increasing age and living with a medical condition decreased the likelihood of moderate consumption by 7% and 55%, respectively. Frequent sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and gestational diabetes predicted habitual LCS consumption. This research suggested widespread LCS consumption among pregnant women in Australia, but lower awareness of its potential adverse health effects. Interventions to increase awareness of potential adverse effects are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bereket Gebremichael
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia;
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (Z.S.L.); (M.B.)
- College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa AA 1000, Ethiopia
| | - Zohra S. Lassi
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (Z.S.L.); (M.B.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Mumtaz Begum
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (Z.S.L.); (M.B.)
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Murthy Mittinty
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Shao-Jia Zhou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia;
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (Z.S.L.); (M.B.)
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13
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Ngongalah L, Rapley T, Rankin J, Heslehurst N. Cultural Influences on African Migrant Pregnant and Postnatal Women's Dietary Behaviours and Nutrition Support Needs in the UK. Nutrients 2023; 15:4135. [PMID: 37836419 PMCID: PMC10574463 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Black women in the UK face significantly higher risks of overweight and obesity and adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to women from other ethnic groups. Maternal nutrition plays a pivotal role in influencing the health outcomes of women and their children, especially during preconception and pregnancy. Cultural and environmental factors significantly influence the dietary experiences of African women after migration. This study explored the unique nutrition-related challenges faced by African migrant pregnant and postnatal women in the UK, and their nutrition support needs. Interviews were conducted with 23 African migrant women living in the UK, who were either pregnant or had a pregnancy within the past 3 years. These were analysed thematically, resulting in five overarching themes: food rituals and beliefs, pregnancy cravings, limited access to culturally appropriate food, limited access to culturally appropriate and evidence-based nutritional guidance, and the focus on healthy weight. The study identified challenges that African migrant women face in balancing their cultural heritage with the UK food environment and dietary recommendations, including potential implications on their health and pregnancy outcomes. It emphasised the importance of addressing these challenges through culturally sensitive approaches and tailored interventions, to enable informed decision making and enhance health outcomes for these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lem Ngongalah
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK; (J.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Tim Rapley
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7XA, UK;
| | - Judith Rankin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK; (J.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK; (J.R.); (N.H.)
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14
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Holeček M. Aspartic Acid in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:4023. [PMID: 37764806 PMCID: PMC10536334 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspartic acid exists in L- and D-isoforms (L-Asp and D-Asp). Most L-Asp is synthesized by mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from oxaloacetate and glutamate acquired by glutamine deamidation, particularly in the liver and tumor cells, and transamination of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), particularly in muscles. The main source of D-Asp is the racemization of L-Asp. L-Asp transported via aspartate-glutamate carrier to the cytosol is used in protein and nucleotide synthesis, gluconeogenesis, urea, and purine-nucleotide cycles, and neurotransmission and via the malate-aspartate shuttle maintains NADH delivery to mitochondria and redox balance. L-Asp released from neurons connects with the glutamate-glutamine cycle and ensures glycolysis and ammonia detoxification in astrocytes. D-Asp has a role in brain development and hypothalamus regulation. The hereditary disorders in L-Asp metabolism include citrullinemia, asparagine synthetase deficiency, Canavan disease, and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria. L-Asp plays a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric and neurologic disorders and alterations in BCAA levels in diabetes and hyperammonemia. Further research is needed to examine the targeting of L-Asp metabolism as a strategy to fight cancer, the use of L-Asp as a dietary supplement, and the risks of increased L-Asp consumption. The role of D-Asp in the brain warrants studies on its therapeutic potential in psychiatric and neurologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Holeček
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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15
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Jackson KE, Hamad R, Karasek D, White JS. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes and Perinatal Health: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Am J Prev Med 2023; 65:366-376. [PMID: 36966893 PMCID: PMC10518370 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One in 5 pregnant individuals report consuming sugar-sweetened beverages at least once per day. Excess sugar consumption during pregnancy is associated with several perinatal complications. As sugar-sweetened beverage taxes become increasingly common public health measures to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, evidence of the downstream effects of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes on perinatal health remains limited. METHODS This longitudinal retrospective study examines whether sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in 5 U.S. cities were associated with decreased risk of perinatal complications, leveraging 2013-2019 U.S. national birth certificate data and a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach to estimate changes in perinatal outcomes. Analysis occurred from April 2021 through January 2023. RESULTS The sample included 5,324,548 pregnant individuals and their live singleton births in the U.S. from 2013 through 2019. Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes were associated with a 41.4% decreased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (-2.2 percentage points; 95% CI= -4.2, -0.2), a -7.9% reduction in weight-gain-for-gestational-age z-score (-0.2 standard deviations; 95% CI= -0.3, -0.01), and decreased risk of infants born small for gestational age (-4.3 percentage points; 95% CI= -6.5, -2.1). There were heterogeneous effects across subgroups, particularly for weight-gain-for-gestational-age z-score. CONCLUSIONS Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes levied in five U.S. cities were associated with improvements in perinatal health. Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes may be an effective policy instrument for improving health during pregnancy, a critical window during which short-term dietary exposures can have lifelong consequences for the birthing person and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Jackson
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rita Hamad
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Deborah Karasek
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Justin S White
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Naik AQ, Zafar T, Shrivastava VK. The impact of non-caloric artificial sweetener aspartame on female reproductive system in mice model. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:73. [PMID: 37580716 PMCID: PMC10424399 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial sweeteners, used as sugar substitutes have found their ways into almost all the food items due to the notion that they are non-caloric. Aspartame is used in numerous food products throughout the world. The primary users of aspartame include diabetics and calorie conscious people who intend to limit their calorie intake. METHODS Female Swiss albino mice were divided into three groups (12 mice each) for the duration of 30 and 60 days consecutively. The treatment groups received 40 mg/kg b. w. aspartame orally. Hormone assays using ELISA and tissue histopathology have been performed along with the fertility assay to access the treatment outcomeon the fertility of treated mice in comparison to controls. RESULTS Present study reports that female mice treated with aspartame for 30 and 60 days showed significant reduction in body weight, relative organ weight of (liver and kidney) and gonadosomatic index. These changes were more significantly recorded in 60 days treatment group. Aspartame treated animals for 30 and 60 days showed duration-dependent decrease gonandotropins (follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone), and steroids (estradiol and progesterone). Moreover, severe histopathological changes, reduction in number of growing follicles, degenerative changes in follicular structure, corona radiata and zonagranulosa were also observed. Besides, histomorphological changes were also observed in the uterine structure including atrophic uterine endometrial glands, contracted endometrial lining, disruption of the endometrial structure and the shapes of blood vessels were also altered. CONCLUSION Non-nutritive artificial sweeteners including aspartame negatively impact the function of ovaries and feedback mechanism of reproductive hormones by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In light of present findings the aspartame negatively impacted the reproductive system of female mice. More studies are required to identify the molecular mechanism and the pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ab Qayoom Naik
- Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Paloura Mishriwala, Jammu, J & K, 180018, India.
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M. P, 462026, India.
| | - Tabassum Zafar
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M. P, 462026, India.
| | - Vinoy K Shrivastava
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M. P, 462026, India
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Yang B, Ferdousi MS, Morris J, Durnell RH, Chan D, Rekić N, Rideout TC, Wen X. Maternal Bean Consumption during Pregnancy: Distribution and Nutritional Outcomes. Nutrients 2023; 15:2234. [PMID: 37432402 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Due to their high nutritional value, we aimed to characterize the frequency and amount of maternal consumption of beans during pregnancy and their associations with diet quality and nutrient intake. (2) Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of US pregnant women (n = 1444) from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II, a longitudinal study that followed mother-infant pairs from late pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. Maternal bean intake (food types [dried beans, chili, and bean soup], frequency, serving size, and amount), diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI]), and nutrient intake were estimated with a Food Frequency Questionnaire taken in the third trimester of pregnancy. Associations of bean consumption with diet quality and nutrient intake were examined with analysis of variance, Fisher's least significant difference tests, correlation coefficients, and coefficients of determination. (3) Results: In general, maternal bean consumption was low during pregnancy: 0.31 cups/week of dried beans, 0.37 cups/week of chili, and 0.10 cups/week of bean soup. Maternal bean consumption varied by socio-demographics and geographic regions. In comparison with those who never consumed dried beans, mothers who ate dried beans ≥ 1 time per week had a higher mean HEI score (67.5 vs. 63.6), intake of total fiber (24.4 vs. 17.4 g/day), and protein (93.4 vs. 79.9 g/day), but a lower percentage of energy from added sugar (12.6 vs. 15.2%). Higher dried bean consumption had weak-to-moderate correlations with intake of total fiber (correlation coefficient, 0.320), insoluble fiber (0.316), soluble fiber (0.310), and folate (0.286). Similar but less extensive correlations were observed for chili and bean soup consumption. (4) Conclusions: In this US cohort of pregnant women, bean consumption was low. Increased intake of beans (≥1 time per week) may improve maternal diet quality during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokun Yang
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Mariyam S Ferdousi
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Julianna Morris
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Rose H Durnell
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Daren Chan
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Neila Rekić
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Todd C Rideout
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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18
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Li D, Zheng Q, Thomas KV, Dang AK, Binh VN, Anh NTK, Thai PK. Use of artificial sweeteners and caffeine in a population of Hanoi: An assessment by wastewater-based epidemiology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161515. [PMID: 36634775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the consumption of artificial sweeteners in the population is essential to help public health authorities understand the level of sugar consumption. There is a gap in knowledge of patterns and levels of artificial sweetener consumption in Vietnam. Using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), this study aims to evaluate the use of artificial sweeteners in an urban population in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 184 wastewater samples were collected at two sampling sites in an urban canal, receiving sewage from over 400,000 people in three different periods between 2018 and 2020. The population normalized per capita consumption of the five detected artificial sweeteners varied from 0.87 mg d-1 p-1 (sucralose) to 5.2 mg d-1 p-1 (aspartame). The daily consumption of artificial sweeteners was found to be stable throughout the week, however the consumption of artificial sweeteners was influenced by season with higher consumption in summer. Significant correlations (p < 0.01) were found among levels of artificial sweeteners and caffeine in urban canal samples, suggesting these chemicals had common sources. Population-weighted consumption load of artificial sweeteners and caffeine was compared in Vietnam, China and Australia, and the per capita consumption load mainly depended on the habitual of tea/coffee drinking in different countries. This was the first study that provided information on the artificial sweetener consumption by wastewater analysis in Vietnam. However, several sources of uncertainty (sample collection, population estimation, other sources of artificial sweeteners in wastewater, etc.) were acknowledged in this study. Further investigations on the spatial-temporal variation of artificial sweetener consumption with more intensive sampling scheme in Vietnam are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Qiuda Zheng
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anh Kim Dang
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Ngan Binh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Toxicology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kieu Anh
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Phong K Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, 4102, Queensland, Australia
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Maternal Over- and Malnutrition and Increased Risk for Addictive and Eating Disorders in the Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051095. [PMID: 36904093 PMCID: PMC10004806 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from human and animal studies has shown that maternal overnutrition and/or obesity are linked with neurobehavioral changes in the offspring. This fetal programming is characterized by adaptive responses to changes in the nutritional state during early life. In the past decade, an association has been made between overconsumption of highly-palatable food by the mother during fetal development and abnormal behaviors resembling addiction in the offspring. Maternal overnutrition can lead to alterations in the offspring's brain reward circuitry leading to hyperresponsiveness of this circuit following exposure to calorie-dense foods later in life. Given the accumulating evidence indicating that the central nervous system plays a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy balance, and the motivation to seek food, a dysfunction in the reward circuitry may contribute to the addiction-like behaviors observed in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to these alterations in the reward circuitry during fetal development and their relevance to the increased risk for the offspring to later develop addictive-like behaviors is still unclear. Here, we review the most relevant scientific reports about the impact of food overconsumption during fetal development and its effect on addictive-like behaviors of the offspring in the context of eating disorders and obesity.
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Consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweetener during Pregnancy and Weight Gain in Offspring: Evidence from Human Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235098. [PMID: 36501127 PMCID: PMC9739060 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the consumption of maternal non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) during pregnancy and the risk of obesity in offspring remains inconsistent. We aimed to systematically evaluate and clarify the relationship between NNS intake during pregnancy and weight gain in offspring based on evidence from population and clinical research. Databases including PubMed (via Medline), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for eligible human studies. The primary outcome was the differences in body mass index (BMI) z-scores between offspring at 1 year of age who were with and without NNS intake during pregnancy or between offspring with different NNS intake levels during pregnancy. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for data synthesis to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD). A total of six prospective cohort studies were eligible for inclusion, among which three were used for pooled analysis of the BMI z-score. A significant increase was found in an offspring's weight at 1 year of age in the NNS group when compared with the control group: WMD in BMI z-score = 0.19 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.31), p-value = 0.002. Results from the dose-response analysis showed a linear relationship between NNS intake during pregnancy and WMD at 1 year of age: beta = 0.02 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.04) for per serving/week increase in NNS consumption. The whole body of evidence for the review was rated as low quality. In summary, maternal NNS intake during pregnancy was found to be associated with increased weight gain in offspring based on evidence from human studies. Further well-designed and adequately powered studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
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Chen TL, Cheng SF, Gau ML, Lin LL. Processed Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Low Birth Weight at Term among Women of Advanced and Non-Advanced Age. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163429. [PMID: 36014935 PMCID: PMC9416086 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate dietary intake during pregnancy is a key factor in low birth weight (LBW). This study compares LBW between healthy and processed dietary patterns by focusing on women of advanced maternal age. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 327 postpartum women in Taiwan. The participants were assigned to two groups according to their age (≥35 years, n = 151; and 20−34 years, n = 176). An online questionnaire asked women how often they consumed 27 food items during their pregnancy. The prevalence of LBW was higher in the processed dietary pattern (79.3%) than in the healthy pattern (13.78%, p < 0.001). LBW was positively correlated with advanced maternal age (≥35 ages), low pre-pregnancy weight (BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2), insufficient gestational weight gain (GWG), and processed dietary patterns. Older mothers were 5.8 times more likely to have infants with LBW (odds ratio = 5.8; 95% confidence interval 2.0−16.6). A processed dietary pattern was 9.4 times more likely to result in LBW. Insufficient GWG was significantly positively associated with LBW (OR = 4.0; 95%CI 1.4−11.6). Maternal diet during pregnancy is an important modifiable factor for LBW. Prenatal advice should emphasize optimal nutrition, especially in older and underweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ling Chen
- Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fen Cheng
- Department of Allied Health Education and Digital Learning, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Gau
- Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28227101 (ext. 3260)
| | - Li-Li Lin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology ward, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251031, Taiwan
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22
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Witek K, Wydra K, Filip M. A High-Sugar Diet Consumption, Metabolism and Health Impacts with a Focus on the Development of Substance Use Disorder: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:2940. [PMID: 35889898 PMCID: PMC9323357 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are important macronutrients in human and rodent diet patterns that play a key role in crucial metabolic pathways and provide the necessary energy for proper body functioning. Sugar homeostasis and intake require complex hormonal and nervous control to proper body energy balance. Added sugar in processed food results in metabolic, cardiovascular, and nervous disorders. Epidemiological reports have shown enhanced consumption of sweet products in children and adults, especially in reproductive age and in pregnant women, which can lead to the susceptibility of offspring's health to diseases in early life or in adulthood and proneness to mental disorders. In this review, we discuss the impacts of high-sugar diet (HSD) or sugar intake during the perinatal and/or postnatal periods on neural and behavioural disturbances as well as on the development of substance use disorder (SUD). Since several emotional behavioural disturbances are recognized as predictors of SUD, we also present how HSD enhances impulsive behaviour, stress, anxiety and depression. Apart from the influence of HSD on these mood disturbances, added sugar can render food addiction. Both food and addictive substances change the sensitivity of the brain rewarding neurotransmission signalling. The results of the collected studies could be important in assessing sugar intake, especially via maternal dietary patterns, from the clinical perspective of SUD prevention or pre-existing emotional disorders. Methodology: This narrative review focuses on the roles of a high-sugar diet (HSD) and added sugar in foods and on the impacts of glucose and fructose on the development of substance use disorder (SUD) and on the behavioural predictors of drugs abuse. The literature was reviewed by two authors independently according to the topic of the review. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute open access scientific journals using the following keyword search strategy depending on the theme of the chapter: "high-sugar diet" OR "high-carbohydrate diet" OR "sugar" OR "glucose" OR "fructose" OR "added sugar" AND keywords. We excluded inaccessible or pay-walled articles, abstracts, conference papers, editorials, letters, commentary, and short notes. Reviews, experimental studies, and epidemiological data, published since 1990s, were searched and collected depending on the chapter structure. After the search, all duplicates are thrown out and full texts were read, and findings were rescreened. After the selection process, appropriate papers were included to present in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.)
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Yang M, Feng Q, Chen C, Chen S, Guo Y, Su D, Chen H, Sun H, Dong H, Zeng G. Healthier diet associated with reduced risk of excessive gestational weight gain: A Chinese prospective cohort study. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022:e13397. [PMID: 35821659 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Limited studies have examined the associations between diet quality and gestational weight gain (GWG) among Chinese pregnant women, adopting Chinese GWG guidelines. We prospectively investigate the associations of diet quality, using the Chinese Healthy Diet Index for Pregnancy (CHDI-P), which assessed diet quality from 'Diversity', 'Adequacy' and 'Limitation' dimensions with overall 100 points, with GWG among participants enroled in Southwest China. Food consumption was collected by 24 h dietary recalls for three consecutive days and CHDI-P scores were divided into tertiles. GWG was calculated according to the weight measured before delivery and classified into adequate weight gain (AWG), insufficient weight gain (IWG) and excessive weight gain(EWG) following Chinese GWG guidelines. Multinomial regression analyses and stratified analyses by pre-pregnancy body mass index were performed to estimate the association between CHDI-P and GWG. A total of 1416 participants were recruited in early pregnancy, and 971 and 997 participants were respectively followed up in middle and late pregnancy. The mean CHDI-P score was 56.44 ± 6.74, 57.07 ± 7.44 and 57.38 ± 7.94 points in early, middle and late pregnancy, respectively. Women in the lowest CHDI-P scores group had an increased risk of EWG in middle (OR = 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-2.17) and late pregnancy (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.21-2.41) than women in the highest group, while overweight/obese women had a greater risk of EWG in late pregnancy (OR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.30-13.90). No association was found between the CHDI-P scores and IWG. Poor diet quality in middle and late pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of EWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtong Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuyu Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yishan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danping Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongli Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Stampe S, Leth-Møller M, Greibe E, Hoffmann-Lücke E, Pedersen M, Ovesen P. Artificial Sweeteners in Breast Milk: A Clinical Investigation with a Kinetic Perspective. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132635. [PMID: 35807817 PMCID: PMC9268461 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are calorie-free chemical substances used instead of sugar to sweeten foods and drinks. Pregnant women with obesity or diabetes are often recommended to substitute sugary products with ASs to prevent an increase in body weight. However, some recent controversy surrounding ASs relates to concerns about the risk of obesity caused by a variety of metabolic changes, both in the mother and the offspring. This study addressed these concerns and investigated the biodistribution of ASs in plasma and breast milk of lactating women to clarify whether ASs can transfer from mother to offspring through breast milk. We recruited 49 lactating women who were provided with a beverage containing four different ASs (acesulfame-potassium, saccharin, cyclamate, and sucralose). Blood and breast milk samples were collected before and up to six hours after consumption. The women were categorized: BMI < 25 (n = 20), BMI > 27 (n = 21) and type 1 diabetes (n = 8). We found that all four ASs were present in maternal plasma and breast milk. The time-to-peak was 30−120 min in plasma and 240−300 min in breast milk. Area under the curve (AUC) ratios in breast milk were 88.9% for acesulfame-potassium, 38.9% for saccharin, and 1.9% for cyclamate. We observed no differences in ASs distributions between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Stampe
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital and Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
- Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (E.G.); (E.H.-L.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (P.O.); Tel.: +45-31714417 (S.S.); +45-30714824 (P.O.)
| | - Magnus Leth-Møller
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital and Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
- Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (E.G.); (E.H.-L.)
| | - Eva Greibe
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (E.G.); (E.H.-L.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Elke Hoffmann-Lücke
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (E.G.); (E.H.-L.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Michael Pedersen
- Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Per Ovesen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital and Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (E.G.); (E.H.-L.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (P.O.); Tel.: +45-31714417 (S.S.); +45-30714824 (P.O.)
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Wu Y, Chai X. Effects of maternal sugar intake during pregnancy on allergies in offspring: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27447. [PMID: 34678875 PMCID: PMC8542120 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, there is no comprehensive evidence quantifying the plausibility of the association between maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy and the development of offspring's allergic diseases. Thus, this systematic review examines the weight of evidence for causality from cohort studies on the association between maternal free sugar intake during pregnancy and the development of allergies in offspring. METHODS The present meta-analysis is prepared and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. We search PUBMED, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases through October, 2021. All clinical trials to assess the efficacy of maternal sugar intake during pregnancy on allergies in offspring are considered eligible for analysis. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software 2 program is used for statistical analyses of the pooled data. A P value < .05 is considered statistically significant. The outcome measure is development of allergic disease among offspring assessed by any method (parental history, doctor diagnosed, or questionnaire based). RESULTS It is hypothesized that high free sugar consumption during pregnancy may be associated with the development of allergies in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xishui County People's Hospital, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Huanggang, Hubei, China
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Cai C, Sivak A, Davenport MH. Effects of prenatal artificial sweeteners consumption on birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5024-5033. [PMID: 33441213 PMCID: PMC11082813 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of prenatal artificial sweetener (AS) consumption on birth outcomes. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Online databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, FSTA - the food resource database, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched up to 9 April 2020. Studies of all designs (except case studies and reviews) were eligible, which contained information on the relevant population (pregnant women), intervention/exposure (any AS consumption), comparator (no AS consumption) and birth outcomes (preterm delivery, gestational age, birth weight). RESULTS From 677 citations, ten cohort studies and one randomised controlled trial (n 138 007 women) were included. 'Low' to 'very low' certainty evidence revealed that daily consumption of AS was associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery (three studies, n 129 009; risk ratio = 1·18, 95 % CI 1·09, 1·28, I2 = 9 %), a 24 g increase in birth weight (three studies, n 64 417; mean difference (MD): 23·74 g, 95 % CI 0·89, 45·58, I2 = 0 %) and a 0·11 week decrease in gestational age (three studies, n 64 417; MD: -0·11 weeks, 95 % CI -0·19, -0·03, I2 = 0 %). CONCLUSIONS 'Low' to 'very low' certainty evidence suggests daily AS consumption during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, increased birth weight and decreased gestational age. Additional 'high'-quality research is urgently needed to further assess these relationships.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019136728.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Cai
- School of Public Heath, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Program for Pregnancy and Postpartum Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Allison Sivak
- H.T. Coutts Education & Physical Education Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Margie H Davenport
- Program for Pregnancy and Postpartum Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Traisuwan W. Oral health status and behaviors of pregnant migrant workers in Bangkok, Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:379. [PMID: 34315466 PMCID: PMC8314491 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence to show that immigrants have poorer oral health status than their local counterparts, and low-skilled migrant workers may also be more prone to poor oral health. This study aims to evaluate the oral health status and oral health behaviors of pregnant migrant workers compared to those of local pregnant women. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a public general hospital in Bangkok. Pregnant migrant workers who attended the antenatal clinic were randomly enrolled at their first antenatal booking; local pregnant women were also randomly included to form a comparison group. Oral health status of all eligible pregnant women was evaluated according to the World Health Organization (WHO) protocol, and their oral health behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Oral health status and behaviors of the two pregnant groups were compared using Chi-Square test, Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 208 pregnant migrant workers and 210 local pregnant women were included. Pregnant migrant workers had significantly more dental disease than local pregnant women (DMFT mean (SD) = 5.8 (4.4) vs 4.8 (4.0), p = 0.014) with significant more dental decay (D mean (SD) = 5.5 (3.6) vs 3.8 (2.9), p < 0.001; adjusted OR 3.56 (95%CI 1.74–7.27)). Pregnant migrant workers suffered greater periodontal disease with mean (SD) CPI of 2.9 (0.6) vs 2.2 (0.5), p < 0.001. CPI = 3 or 4 occurred in 74.5% of migrants compared to only 22.4% of local pregnant women (adjusted OR 6.39: 95%CI 3.53–11.58). A significant greater percentage of pregnant migrants had a CPI of 4 (11.1% vs 0.5%). Pregnant migrant workers tended not to use fluoride toothpaste or dental floss and despite having 76.0% healthcare coverage, they made significantly fewer dental visits compared to local women; furthermore, the majority of them (74.5%) were under the misconception that dental treatment was prohibited during pregnancy. Conclusion Pregnant migrant workers experienced more dental caries and periodontal disease, had less access to oral health facilities, had less knowledge of healthy oral hygiene, and had poorer oral health practices than local pregnant women. Comprehensive oral health screening and treatment during antenatal visits, together with appropriate systematic antenatal health education, could play a crucial role in improving their oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirongrong Traisuwan
- Department of Dentistry, Rajavithi Hospital, 2, Phyathai Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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28
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Ramulondi M, de Wet H, Ntuli NR. Traditional food taboos and practices during pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and infant care of Zulu women in northern KwaZulu-Natal. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:15. [PMID: 33743760 PMCID: PMC7981893 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional practices and beliefs influence and support the behavior of women during pregnancy and childbirth in different parts of the world. Not much research has been conducted to examine whether and how cultural traditions continue to shape maternity experiences of Zulu women. The aim of this study is to establish the extent at which women in certain rural communities adhere to traditional food taboos and practices during pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and infants feeding, in comparison to what is recommended by health care workers. METHODS A survey was conducted in the rural northern KwaZulu-Natal between 2017 and 2020. A total of 140 women between the ages of 18 and 90 years were interviewed and they were chosen purposively based on their experiences in pregnancy, postpartum recovery, infant care, and their willingness to share the knowledge. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Most (64%) of the participants said that they adhered to these cultural food taboos and practices. The most common foods avoided were certain fruits [mango, naartjie, orange, papaya, and peach], butternut, eggs, sweets (sugar, commercial juice, sweet food, and honey), chili, ice, and alcohol. The most recommended foods during pregnancy were leafy vegetables, fruits (except the avoided ones), liver, and fish. For postpartum recovery, women mostly consumed soft porridge, all fruits and vegetables, beetroot, and tea. Food not allowed for children younger than 2 years included meat, sugar and sweets, and chewable foods. CONCLUSION Differences on food taboos and practices between participants who received formal education and those who did not received it were insignificant. The beliefs about the detrimental effects of some foods were not backed up by scientific research. Restriction of some orange/yellow colored fruits during pregnancy that are rich in vitamin A and/or C may affect daily requirements of these micronutrients, and the foods recommended during pregnancy and postpartum period would not provide all the essential nutrients required for successful pregnancy. However, some of the food taboos would protect women from unhealthy eating. Our findings provide a basis for developing culturally appropriate nutritional mediation programs for Zulu women with a view to provide effective nutritional counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mmbulaheni Ramulondi
- Department of Botany, University of Zululand, Private bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, Richards Bay, 3886, South Africa.
| | - Helene de Wet
- Department of Botany, University of Zululand, Private bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, Richards Bay, 3886, South Africa
| | - Nontuthuko Rosemary Ntuli
- Department of Botany, University of Zululand, Private bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, Richards Bay, 3886, South Africa
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Hehua Z, Yang X, Qing C, Shanyan G, Yuhong Z. Dietary patterns and associations between air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106347. [PMID: 33385926 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been increasing worldwide. Dietary patterns and air pollution are closely related to the occurrence of GDM. No previous study has explored the interaction effect of air pollution exposure and dietary patterns on GDM. We explored the interaction effect between main dietary patterns and pre-pregnancy exposure to air pollution on the development of GDM based on a prospective birth cohort in Northeast China. A total of 2244 participants were included in this study. Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. We found that long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) before pregnancy was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM; the animal foods pattern significantly modified these associations. The sub-group analysis showed that compared with a lower intake in the animal foods pattern (NO2, odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84, 1.35; CO, OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.34), higher intake in the animal foods pattern (NO2, OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.83; CO, OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.76) before pregnancy increased the hazardous effects of NO2 and CO on GDM development. The intake of animal blood, animal organs, preserved eggs, and processed meat products in animal food pattern could all aggravate the effect of exposure to air pollution due to NO2 and CO on GDM. Our study demonstrated that there was a significant interaction effect between animal foods pattern and exposure to air pollution on GDM. These results provide further scientific evidence of the associations among air pollution, dietary intake, and GDM, and may help as well as the prevention of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hehua
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Sanhao Street, No. 36, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province 110004, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Sanhao Street, No. 36, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, China
| | - Chang Qing
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Sanhao Street, No. 36, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province 110004, China
| | - Gao Shanyan
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Sanhao Street, No. 36, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province 110004, China
| | - Zhao Yuhong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Sanhao Street, No. 36, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110004, China.
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Ratsika A, Codagnone MC, O’Mahony S, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Priming for Life: Early Life Nutrition and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Nutrients 2021; 13:423. [PMID: 33525617 PMCID: PMC7912058 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes colonize the human body during the first moments of life and coexist with the host throughout the lifespan. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites aid in the programming of important bodily systems such as the immune and the central nervous system during critical temporal windows of development, with possible structural and functional implications throughout the lifespan. These critical developmental windows perinatally (during the first 1000 days) are susceptible timepoints for insults that can endure long lasting effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Environmental and parental factors like host genetics, mental health, nutrition, delivery and feeding mode, exposure to antibiotics, immune activation and microbiota composition antenatally, are all factors that are able to modulate the microbiota composition of mother and infant and may thus regulate important bodily functions. Among all these factors, early life nutrition plays a pivotal role in perinatal programming and in the modulation of offspring microbiota from birth throughout lifespan. This review aims to present current data on the impact of early life nutrition and microbiota priming of important bodily systems and all the factors influencing the microbial coexistence with the host during early life development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ratsika
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland; (A.R.); (M.C.C.); (S.O.); (C.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Martin C. Codagnone
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland; (A.R.); (M.C.C.); (S.O.); (C.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Siobhain O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland; (A.R.); (M.C.C.); (S.O.); (C.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland; (A.R.); (M.C.C.); (S.O.); (C.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy P61 C996, Ireland
| | - John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland; (A.R.); (M.C.C.); (S.O.); (C.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
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Association of sugar-sweetened beverage intake with maternal postpartum weight retention. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:4196-4203. [PMID: 33336643 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020005169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the perinatal period, modifiable behaviours contributing to excess weight gain, including sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, are understudied. We examined the extent to which perinatal SSB intake affects postpartum weight retention (PPWR). DESIGN We measured SSB intake frequency in the third trimester and 1-month postpartum using the NHANES Dietary Screener Questionnaire. We assessed the association between SSB intake and PPWR (difference between 6-month postpartum and pregravid weight) using multivariable regression adjusted for socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. SETTING Greater Boston area. PARTICIPANTS Three hundred forty-eight mother-infant pairs in the Rise and SHINE prospective birth cohort. RESULTS Mean age was 32·7 (sd 5·0) years; the sample was 47 % white, 32 % Hispanic, 14 % Asian and 7 % Black. Women reported mean daily SSB intake frequencies of 0·9 (sd 1·2) and 0·7 (sd 1·0) times/d in the third trimester and 1-month postpartum, respectively. At 6-month postpartum, average weight retention was 3·4 (sd 5·7) kg; 108 (sd 31 %) women had substantial PPWR, defined as a ≥ 5 kg increase between pregravid and 6-month postpartum weight. Each 1-time/d increment in SSB intake frequency during the third trimester (β = 0·46 kg (95 % CI, 0·07, 0·86)) and 1-month postpartum (β = 0·52 kg (95 % CI 0·03, 1·00)) was associated with higher weight retention at 6 months. Increased SSB intake frequency in the third trimester (OR: 1·37; 95 % CI 1·10, 1·75) and 1-month postpartum (OR: 1·17; 95 % CI 0·92, 1·52) resulted in higher odds of substantial PPWR. CONCLUSIONS SSB consumption during the perinatal period is associated with higher weight retention at 6-month postpartum. Avoiding SSB may reduce the risk of excess weight retention.
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Casas R, Castro Barquero S, Estruch R. Impact of Sugary Food Consumption on Pregnancy: A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3574. [PMID: 33266375 PMCID: PMC7700555 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity in pregnancy has been directly associated with an increased risk of almost all pregnancy complications such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and premature delivery. Thereby, according to current evidence available, life-style interventions to prevent pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity in women of fertile age are necessary to reduce the negative impact of obesity on mother and child health. Unhealthy dietary patterns, together with the increased consumption of processed foods rich in simple sugar and sweeteners are some of the responsible, among others, for the increase in obesity rates during the last years. Nevertheless, how its consumption can affect pregnancy outcomes and long-term children's health is still uncertain. This review aims to collate the available evidence about the consequences of unhealthy dietary patterns and sugary products consumption, including sweeteners, during pregnancy for obesity in childhood and mid-childhood. High simple sugar intake during gestation may contribute to an excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) as well as to develop other pregnancy complications such as GDM, preeclampsia and preterm birth. The heterogeneity of study populations, sample size, different approaches to measure GWG, GMD, preeclampsia, and birth weight, among other conditions, might explain the divergences observed among studies. Therefore, large, well-designed intervention-controlled trials with biological biomarkers to ensure dietary adherence are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in order to provide effective nutritional advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.B.); (R.E.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castro Barquero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.B.); (R.E.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.B.); (R.E.)
- CIBER 06/03: Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Heazell AEP, Timms K, Scott RE, Rockliffe L, Budd J, Li M, Cronin R, McCowan LME, Mitchell EA, Stacey T, Roberts D, Thompson JMD. Associations between consumption of coffee and caffeinated soft drinks and late stillbirth-Findings from the Midland and North of England stillbirth case-control study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 256:471-477. [PMID: 33218821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The consumption of caffeinated drinks and soft drinks is widespread in society, including by pregnant women. Data regarding the association of caffeine intake and stillbirth are varied. We aimed to investigate the degree of consumption of caffeinated drinks or soft drinks in the last four weeks of pregnancy in women who experienced a late stillbirth compared to women with ongoing live pregnancies at similar gestation. Influences on maternal caffeine intake and soft drink consumption during pregnancy were also investigated. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study undertaken in 41 maternity units in the United Kingdom. Cases were women who had a singleton non-anomalous stillbirth ≥28 weeks' gestation (n = 290) and controls were women with an ongoing pregnancy at the time of interview (n = 729). Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire which included questions regarding consumption of a variety of caffeinated drinks and soft drinks in the last four weeks of pregnancy as well as other behaviours (e.g. cigarette smoking). RESULTS Multivariable analysis adjusting for co-existing demographic and behavioural factors found the consumption of instant coffee, energy drinks and cola were associated with increased risk of stillbirth. There was an independent association between caffeine intake and late stillbirth (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.27, 95 % Confidence Interval (95 %CI) 1.14, 1.43 for each 100 mg increment/day). 15 % of cases and 8% of controls consumed more than the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendation (>300 mg of caffeine/day; aOR 2.30, 95 % CI 1.40, 4.24). The population attributable risk for stillbirth associated with >300 mg of caffeine/day was 7.4 %. The majority of respondents reduced caffeine consumption in pregnancy. Midwives and internet resources were the most frequently used sources of information which influenced maternal behaviour with regard to soft drinks and caffeine, and this did not differ between cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS Women should be informed that consumption of caffeine during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of stillbirth, particularly at levels greater than recommended by the WHO (>300 mg/day). Recommendations from midwives and internet-based resources are likely to be the most effective means to influence maternal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E P Heazell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Kate Timms
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E Scott
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Rockliffe
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Budd
- St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Minglan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robin Cronin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lesley M E McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edwin A Mitchell
- Department of Paediatrics: Child Health and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tomasina Stacey
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom; Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, Lindley, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Devender Roberts
- Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John M D Thompson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Paediatrics: Child Health and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Vidmar AP, Goran MI, Naguib M, Fink C, Wee CP, Hegedus E, Lopez K, Gonzalez J, Raymond JK. Time limited eating in adolescents with obesity (time LEAd): Study protocol. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 95:106082. [PMID: 32682994 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time limited eating (TLE) has been shown to be effective for weight loss and improvement of glycemic control in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but has not been well studied in adolescents. TLE may be a more feasible, flexible and effective dietary intervention for adolescents because it removes the need for intensive counting of calories or macronutrients, and emphasizes eating during a specified time period. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of a TLE approach in adolescents with obesity using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) to promote adherence to the intervention. METHODS We propose a prospective, randomized controlled trial, in 60 adolescents (ages 14-18) with obesity (BMI% ≥ 95th percentile). Youth will be randomized to one of three treatment groups for a 12-week intervention: Group 1) Low sugar and carbohydrate education (LSC, 5% of total daily calories from sugar (<35 g)/day; <90 g carbohydrate (CHO)/day) + blinded CGM (used to monitor adherence and glycemic outcomes without real time feedback), Group 2) LSC + TLE (16-h fast/8-h feed for 5 days per week) + blinded CGM, and Group 3) LSC + TLE+ real time feedback via CGM (to evaluate effect of providing CGM data on intervention efficacy). Outcomes will include change in total body fat (TBF) percentage measured on DEXA scan, BMI status and fasting blood glucose at 12 weeks compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS TLE is a potentially powerful lifestyle intervention that could be readily integrated into pediatric weight management programs to optimize their impact and accelerate healthy changes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03954223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina P Vidmar
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Michael I Goran
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Monica Naguib
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Cassandra Fink
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Choo Phei Wee
- CTSI Biostatics Core, Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Hegedus
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kelleen Lopez
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Janelle Gonzalez
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer K Raymond
- Diabetes & Obesity Program, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
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Itani L, Radwan H, Hashim M, Hasan H, Obaid RS, Ghazal HA, Al Hilali M, Rayess R, Mohamed HJJ, Hamadeh R, Al Rifai H, Naja F. Dietary patterns and their associations with gestational weight gain in the United Arab Emirates: results from the MISC cohort. Nutr J 2020; 19:36. [PMID: 32316972 PMCID: PMC7175557 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Suboptimum weight gain during pregnancy may carry long term health consequences for the infant or mother. Nutritional imbalances are well recognized as a determinant of gestational weight gain. Few studies examined the effect of dietary patterns on gestational weight gain, especially in countries undergoing nutrition transition, such as the United Arab Emirates. Objectives To characterize dietary patterns among pregnant women living in the UAE and examine their associations with gestational weight gain and gestational weight rate. Methodology Data were drawn from the Mother-Infant Study Cohort, a two-year prospective cohort study of pregnant women living in the United Arab Emirates, recruited during their third trimester (n = 242). Weight gain during pregnancy was calculated using data from medical records. The Institute of Medicine’s recommendations were used to categorize gestational weight gain and gestational weight gain rate into insufficient, adequate, and excessive. During face-to-face interviews, dietary intake was assessed using an 89-item culture-specific semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that referred to usual intake during pregnancy. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of derived dietary patterns with gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate. Results Two dietary patterns were derived, a “Diverse” and a “Western” pattern. The “Diverse” pattern was characterized by higher intake of fruits, vegetables, mixed dishes while the “Western” pattern consisted of sweets and fast food. The “Western” pattern was associated with excessive gestational weight gain (OR:4.04,95% CI:1.07–15.24) and gestational weight gain rate (OR: 4.38, 95% CI:1.28–15.03) while the “Diverse” pattern decreased the risk of inadequate gestational weight gain (OR:0.24, 95% CI:0.06–0.97) and gestational weight gain rate (OR:0.28, 95% CI:0.09–0.90). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that adherence to a “Diverse” pattern reduced the risk of insufficient gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate, while higher consumption of the “Western” pattern increased the risk of excessive gestational weight gain/gestational weight gain rate. In view of the established consequences of gestational weight gain on the health of the mother and child, there is a critical need for health policies and interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle eating through a life course approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences(RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Hashim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences(RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Nutrition and Dietetics Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences(RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reyad Shaker Obaid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences(RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hessa Al Ghazal
- Sharjah Child Friendly Office, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marwa Al Hilali
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Al Qassimi Hospital-Ministry of Health and Prevention, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Rayess
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences(RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Rena Hamadeh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Al Rifai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Ray J, Kumar S, Laor D, Shereen N, Nwamaghinna F, Thomson A, Perez Perez J, Soni L, McFarlane SI. Effects of Stevia Rebaudiana on Glucose Homeostasis, Blood Pressure and Inflammation: A Critical Review of Past and Current Research Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH & TRIALS 2020; 5:142. [PMID: 32149202 PMCID: PMC7059728 DOI: 10.15344/2456-8007/2020/142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and its related comorbidities continues to rise in the United States and worldwide. Insulin resistance, increased inflammation and oxidative stress are the major pathogenic mechanisms involved in obesity-associated co-morbid conditions. Major efforts to curb the rising tide of obesity, including lifestyle modifications, anti-obesity medications and surgical interventions have shown minimal success. Therefore, introducing new methods to combat obesity, diabetes and associated disorders are desperately needed. Stevia rebaudiana, a natural, non-caloric sweetener has generated significant interest in the scientific community due to its effects on glucose homeostasis, blood pressure and inflammation, all known consequences of obesity. In this review, we assess the effects of Stevia on these parameters in humans as well as in animal models, highlighting its potential role as an effective intervention for the major cardiovascular risk factors associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Samy I. McFarlane
- Corresponding Author: Prof. Samy I. McFarlane, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, 11203, USA, Tel: 718-270-6707, Fax: 718-270-4488;
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Hollister BM, Yaremych HE, Goldring MR, Persky S. Mothers' and fathers' cognitive and affective responses to epigenetics concepts. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2019; 5:dvz021. [PMID: 33244405 PMCID: PMC6875654 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of epigenetics present new opportunities to improve children's health through the counseling of parents about epigenetics concepts. However, it is important to first evaluate how parents respond to this type of information and determine the consequences of educating parents about epigenetics. We have taken an initial step toward this goal by assessing parental responses to an epigenetics learning module. Parents (n = 190, 126 mothers) responded to pre- and post-module survey questions. Prior to the module, parents reported that mothers' lifestyles prior to conception were more important for children's health than fathers' lifestyles prior to conception (t = 4.49, df = 316.5, P < 0.0001). However, after the module, there was no difference between ratings of the importance of mothers' and fathers' preconception lifestyles (t = 1.18, df = 319.8, P = NS). Furthermore, after viewing the module, parents increased their ratings of the importance of both mothers' (t = -5.65, df = 294.8, P < 0.0001) and father's (t = -9.01, df = 287.2, P < 0.0001) preconception lifestyles for child health. After viewing the module, most parents reported feelings of guilt and negativity regarding epigenetics (78 and 55%, respectively). When compared with lean parents, parents with overweight more often reported feelings of guilt (χ 2 =10.27, P = 0.001). This work represents an important first step in evaluating parental responses to epigenetics concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Hollister
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haley E Yaremych
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Megan R Goldring
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Persky
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Bruner-Tran KL, Mokshagundam S, Barlow A, Ding T, Osteen KG. Paternal Environmental Toxicant Exposure and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. CURRENT OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 8:103-113. [PMID: 32953240 PMCID: PMC7500507 DOI: 10.1007/s13669-019-00265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Current clinical efforts to predict and prevent preterm birth are primarily focused on the mother and have made minimal progress in improving outcomes. However, recent data indicate that paternal factors can also influence timing of birth. Herein, we will review recent human and murine data examining the contribution of the father to pregnancy outcomes with an emphasis on environmental exposures that can negatively impact fertility and the timing of birth. RECENT FINDINGS Human epidemiology studies now clearly indicate that a variety of paternal factors (age, race, weight, smoking status) can influence sperm quality, birth timing and, in some studies, offspring health. Utilizing a mouse model, our data have 57demonstrated that developmental exposure to the environmental toxicant TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) is associated with a transgenerational reduction in sperm number and quality and an increased risk of preterm birth in an unexposed partner. SUMMARY Toxicant exposure history can clearly influence sperm quality in men and mice. Murine data further indicate that exposures which negatively affect sperm quality also impair placental function, potentially leading to preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. Of particular concern, these changes have been linked to epigenetic alterations within the male germ cell which can then be transmitted across multiple generations. Since it is not possible to prevent an ancestral toxicant exposure in a human population, identifying lifestyle modifications that can be implemented during the preconception period to improve sperm quality should be explored for the therapeutic potential to reduce the incidence of PTB and its sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylon L. Bruner-Tran
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Shilpa Mokshagundam
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Alison Barlow
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Tianbing Ding
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Kevin G. Osteen
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville TN
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