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Ruas AMDS, Oliveira AM, Cunha CDM, Damascena NF, Kinra S, Borges CA, Costa PRF, Santana MLPD. [Body image dissatisfaction and low adherence to the Western dietary standard among schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2024; 29:e19792022. [PMID: 38324842 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024292.19792022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify dietary patterns and to evaluate the association between body image perception and these patterns among schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 schoolchildren (both sexes, 10-17 years old) from four public schools in Salvador, Brazil. Two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were applied, and the dietary pattern was determined by Exploratory Factor Analysis after adjustment of dietary data using the Multiple Source Method. To evaluate body image perception, the Brazilian body shape silhouette was used. The associations between body image perception and dietary patterns using the polytomous logistic regression model adjusted for covariables was assessed. Three dietary patterns were obtained: "Western standard," unhealthy, "healthy pattern" and "typical dishes/ junk food." After adjustment, adolescents who wished for a slimmer silhouette (2.48 [95%CI: 1.04-6.11], 3.49 [95%CI: 1.35-9.05] and 2.87 [95%CI: 1.13-7.26]) were more likely to adhere to the quintiles with the lowest consumption of the Western standard, compared to those satisfied with their body image. No associations were identified in the other two dietary patterns. Adolescents dissatisfied with their bodies tend to adhere less to unhealthy dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Monteiro Dos Santos Ruas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
| | - Ana Marlúcia Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
- Departamento de Ciência da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, UFBA. Salvador BA Brasil
| | - Carla de Magalhães Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
- Departamento de Ciência da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, UFBA. Salvador BA Brasil
| | - Nadjane Ferreira Damascena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. London United Kingdom
| | - Camila Aparecida Borges
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | - Priscila Ribas Farias Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
- Departamento de Ciência da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, UFBA. Salvador BA Brasil
| | - Mônica Leila Portela de Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentos Nutrição e Saúde, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). R. Basílio da Gama s/n, Campus Canela. 40110-907 Salvador BA Brasil.
- Departamento de Ciência da Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, UFBA. Salvador BA Brasil
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Bodega P, de Cos-Gandoy A, Fernández-Alvira JM, Fernández-Jiménez R, Moreno LA, Santos-Beneit G. Body image and dietary habits in adolescents: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 82:104-127. [PMID: 37155836 PMCID: PMC10711440 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Adolescence is a critical developmental stage in which increasing concerns about body image (BI) coincide with the consolidation of dietary habits (DHs). Multiple studies have sought robust associations between BI and DHs to prevent unhealthy behaviors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to examine the available literature on the association between BI perception (BIP) and/or satisfaction (BIS) and DHs in adolescents. DATA SOURCES A search was carried out of 5 electronic databases (PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, Embase, and PsycInfo) using a combination of keywords (and synonyms) related to adolescence, BI, and diet. DATA EXTRACTION Data screening, extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 investigators using the PRISMA and AXIS guidelines. DATA ANALYSIS Of 2496 articles screened, 30 articles, published in English or Spanish, that evaluated the relationship between BI and DHs in adolescents aged between 10 years and 18 years, were included. A relationship between accurate BI perception in adolescents and healthy DHs was reported in 5 articles (16.2%). A relationship between overestimation of body weight in adolescents and healthy DHs was reported in 4 articles (13.3%). A relationship between underestimation of body weight and unhealthy DHs was reported in 8 articles (26.7%). In addition, 4 articles (13.3%) reported a relationship between BIS and healthy DHs. The desire to gain weight was associated with unhealthy DHs in 3 (10%) of the articles, while the desire to lose weight was related to healthy DHs in 3 (10%) of the articles and to unhealthy DHs in 3 (10%) other articles. There were also gender differences in the relationship between BIP or BIS and DHs. CONCLUSION Adolescents who underestimate their body weight tend to report less healthy DHs than body weight overestimators. Adolescents unsatisfied with their BI and with a drive for thinness frequently engage in DHs linked to losing weight. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020184625.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bodega
- Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya de Cos-Gandoy
- Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Fernández-Alvira
- Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
- Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en enfermedades CardioVasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Santos-Beneit
- Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Figueira M, Santos AC, Gregório MJ, Araújo J. Changes in screen time from 4 to 7 years of age, dietary patterns and obesity: Findings from the Generation XXI birth cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2508-2516. [PMID: 37580233 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased screen exposure is associated with unhealthy eating behaviours and obesity. Screen time (ST) changes from pre-school to school age, and associations with dietary patterns (DP) and obesity remain unknown. We, therefore, analysed ST changes from 4 to 7 years of age, associated factors, and the relation with DP and obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 4531 children evaluated at 4 and 7 years, as part of the Generation XXI birth cohort (Porto, Portugal). ST was assessed for weekdays and weekend, and average daily time was estimated. Associations between covariates and ST changes, and between ST changes and 3 DP previously identified (Energy-dense foods, Snacking, and Healthier) were estimated by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI), using adjusted multinomial regression models. From 4 to 7 years, 31.5% of the children decreased their ST, 21.8% increased, 16.5% maintained low (≤60 min), and 30.2% maintained high (61-120 min or >120 min) ST. After adjustment, lower maternal education (OR = 2.33, 95%CI:1.82-2.99) and lower family income (OR = 1.72, 95%CI:1.35-2.21) were associated with higher odds of increasing ST, while being a girl was associated with 35% decreased odds of increasing ST. Children that increased and those that maintained high ST showed greater odds of presenting a Snacking DP at 7 years (OR = 2.34, 95%CI:1.64-3.35) and (OR = 2.65, 95%CI:1.89-3.72), respectively. No statistically significant differences were found regarding changes in ST and the child's BMI. CONCLUSION Children increasing screen exposure during this period were more frequently from lower socioeconomic strata and presented unhealthier DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Figueira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Santos
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica -Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Gregório
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Direção-Geral da Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica -Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
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Pineda AMR, Cifuentes MCA, Montoya LMA, Leal VS, de Souza NP, de Lira PIC. Sociodemographic determinants of eating patterns in two Latin American populations. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1951-1963. [PMID: 37202911 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to describe the dietary patterns of a population from Brazil and another from Colombia with respect to understanding their determinants, similarities and differences. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted based on secondary data. The dietary patterns of the adult population of Pernambuco, Brazil, as well as those of the adult population of Antioquia, Colombia, were analysed using principal component analysis method with orthogonal varimax rotation, and a Poisson regression with robust variance was used to verify the association between eating patterns and socio-economic variables. RESULTS In each population, three eating patterns were identified. One of them related to healthy eating, named "Prudent", was identified in the two populations analysed. In Pernambuco, a food pattern consisting exclusively of foods with some degree of processing was verified, entitled "Processed". The food culture was reflected in the pattern called "Traditional-Regional" in Pernambuco and the "Traditional" and "Regional" patterns in Antioquia. CONCLUSIONS Income, education, age, family size, food security status and area of residence were presented as determinants of dietary patterns in both populations. Elements of the food transition were found, which seems to have happened more rapidly in Pernambuco. The food groups that make up the dietary patterns of each population are similar, but the foods that constitute them present differences due to their availability depending on aspects such as climate, soil quality, access to water, local culture and food tradition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marcela Ruiz Pineda
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Nutrition School, Antioquia University, Antioquia, Colombia
| | | | | | - Vanessa Sá Leal
- Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Mascarenhas P, Furtado JM, Almeida SM, Ferraz ME, Ferraz FP, Oliveira P. Pediatric Overweight, Fatness and Risk for Dyslipidemia Are Related to Diet: A Cross-Sectional Study in 9-year-old Children. Nutrients 2023; 15:329. [PMID: 36678200 PMCID: PMC9865454 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric overweight, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance can result from unhealthy lifestyle habits and increase morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Herein, we evaluated the relationship between diet and physical activity patterns with the metabolic health of 9-year-old school children. Measurements included anthropometry, adiposity, lipid, and glycemic profiles. Questionnaires evaluated diet and physical activity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) screened for diet patterns, and multilevel models evaluated diet and physical activity patterns against overweight, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance markers across schools and children. EFA highlighted two diet patterns, Western and Traditional. Food rich in fat, salt, and sugar and fewer vegetables and fruits defined the Western pattern. The Traditional pattern, linked to healthier eating habits, had analogies to the Mediterranean diet. Overall, 39% of the children were overweight (including the obese), while 62% presented cardiovascular risk factors on their lipid profiles. Normal-weight children presented 60% high cholesterol incidence. Global insulin resistance incidence was 4.1%, but almost doubled among the overweight/obese. The Westernized diet consistently linked to worse cardiovascular risk markers, even independently of physical practice. Intensive or competitive physical activity was associated with decreased triglycerides (p = 0.003), regardless of diet. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate these results externally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Mascarenhas
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José M. Furtado
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sílvia M. Almeida
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria E. Ferraz
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fernando P. Ferraz
- Centro de Genética Médica e Nutrição Pediátrica Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Department of Population Studies, ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Vaarala S, Ruotsalainen H, Hylkilä K, Kääriäinen M, Konttila J, Männistö M, Männikkö N. The association of problematic gaming characteristics with dietary habits among Finnish vocational school students. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21381. [PMID: 36496433 PMCID: PMC9741592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital gaming is a popular pastime among young people, but its links to dietary habits have been little studied. The purpose of the study was to describe dietary habits and to examine their associations to problematic gaming behavior with regard to the degree of daily digital gaming time and the overall levels of disordered-like gaming behavior among students in vocational education in the Oulu region of Finland. This cross-sectional study consisted of a total of 773 first-year vocational school students who had played digital games regularly. Data was collected by using an online survey measuring sociodemographic information, dietary habits, amount of digital gaming time, and symptoms of problematic gaming behavior. Most prevalent weekly consumed food types were chicken (90.1%), chips (87.7%), and sausages/cold cuts (85.4%). Around one-fourth of students skipped breakfast on weekdays and at weekends. A higher amount of digital gaming time was associated with skipping breakfast on weekdays. More elevated levels of disordered gaming behavior were particularly associated with the use of a group of food types encompassing carbohydrate-dense and fast food. Current research provides indications that digital gaming may have an impact on youths' dietary habits, while at the same time, however, emphasizing that the issue can be affected by several interrelated and complex factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Vaarala
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Ruotsalainen
- grid.445620.10000 0000 9458 6751School of Health and Social Care, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
| | - Krista Hylkilä
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland ,grid.412326.00000 0004 4685 4917Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jenni Konttila
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Männistö
- grid.445620.10000 0000 9458 6751School of Health and Social Care, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Männikkö
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland ,grid.445620.10000 0000 9458 6751School of Health and Social Care, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
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Grams L, Nelius AK, Pastor GG, Sillero-Quintana M, Veiga ÓL, Homeyer D, Kück M. Comparison of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet between Spanish and German School-Children and Influence of Gender, Overweight, and Physical Activity. Nutrients 2022; 14:4697. [PMID: 36364959 PMCID: PMC9655044 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor dietary habits and low levels of physical activity (PA) have a strong tendency to track from childhood into adulthood. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is known to be extremely healthy, associated with lower BMI and a lower risk of obesity in children and adolescents. Therefore, adherence to the MD was compared between Spanish (n = 182) and German (n = 152) children aged 10 to 13 years to examine a possible more "westernized" diet in Spain with a non-Mediterranean country, that traditionally prefers a "Western diet" and to determine the association between adherence to the MD and gender, body composition, and PA levels. METHODS In the German observational longitudinal cohort study and the Spanish cohort study, body composition and questionnaires (KIDMED, Diet Quality (IAES)) were obtained, and accelerometers (Actigraph) were applied to detect PA. RESULTS Girls had higher BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) than boys and Spanish girls were less active than boys. Differences were detected in MD habits, such as favorable fruit-, vegetables-, fish-intakes, and dairy products in Spanish children and unfavorable consumptions of fast food, processed bakery goods, candies, and sweet beverages in German children. Independently of country, girls, children with lower BMI-SDS and children with higher PA level were related with better diet quality. CONCLUSION Spanish children showed higher adherence to MD and diet quality (IAES) compared to German children, but there was a trend toward a more "westernized" diet. Gender, body composition, and PA influenced nutrition regardless of country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Grams
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Katrin Nelius
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guadalupe Garrido Pastor
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sillero-Quintana
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar L. Veiga
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Denise Homeyer
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Momme Kück
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Pribisalić A, Popović R, Salvatore FP, Vatavuk M, Mašanović M, Hayward C, Polašek O, Kolčić I. The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Body Mass Index Change: A Follow-Up Study in the General Population of Southern Croatia. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113802. [PMID: 34836057 PMCID: PMC8624926 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is one of the most healthful dietary patterns, beneficial for humans and the environment. However, the MD has recently exhibited a declining trend, especially in younger and less affluent people. This study investigated the association between socioeconomic indicators and adherence to the MD in 4671 adult subjects from Dalmatia, Croatia (age range 18–98 years; 61.9% were women). Additionally, in the follow-up we examined the change in adherence to the MD and in BMI (subsample, N = 1342; 62.5% were women; mean follow-up time of 5.8 years). The adherence to the MD was based on the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (range 0–24 points, cut-off value ≥ 14 points), with a prevalence in the overall sample of 28.5%. Higher odds of adherence to the MD were recorded in women, older subjects, and those with higher level of objective material status, while it was less likely in the period after economic crisis of 2007–2008. Additionally, we detected no change in adherence to the MD in the follow-up subsample (−8.5%, p = 0.056), but there was an increase in BMI (+6.5%, p < 0.001). We recorded an increase in adherence for nuts (+127.5%), sweets (+112.6%), red meat (+56.4%), and wine (+50.0%), unlike the reduction in adherence for vegetables (−35.1%), fish (−23.4%), white meat (−11.6%), cereals (−10.9%), and dairy products (−9.6%). Similar results were obtained across all quartiles of objective material status. Over time, the absolute change in the MD score was positively associated with female gender, age, higher education, and moderate physical activity, but it was negatively associated with adherence to the MD at baseline. BMI change was positively associated with female gender, and negatively with initial BMI, initial adherence to the MD, and MD change. Our findings point towards a less than ideal adherence to the MD in the general population of southern Croatia, and identify important characteristics associated with adherence change over time, informing necessary interventions aimed at increasing MD uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajka Pribisalić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Romana Popović
- NUTRITIUS—Nutrition Counseling, Primorska 30, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia;
| | | | - Maja Vatavuk
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Marija Mašanović
- Department for Social Medicine, Division for Health Promotion, Public Health Institute of Dubrovnik Neretva County, Dr. A. Šercera 4a, pp 58, 20001 Dubrovnik, Croatia;
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK;
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.P.); (O.P.)
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.P.); (O.P.)
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-91-576-2263
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Meeting international screen-time guidelines is associated with healthy dietary patterns in Spanish schoolchildren. NUTR HOSP 2021; 37:1123-1129. [PMID: 33119398 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: the aim of this research was to explore the relationship between dietary pattern habits and compliance with screen-time guidelines in Spanish schoolchildren. Material and methods: a cross-sectional and associative study was performed in a total of 370 schoolchildren (44.9 % girls) aged 6-13 (8.7 ± 1.8) years. Results: for boys, those who did not meet these guidelines presented lower chances of eating vegetables regularly (OR = 0.50; 95 % CI = 0.28-0.89) or more than once a day (OR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.22-0.85). In girls, it was observed that those who did not meet the guidelines presented a lower probability of eating one piece of fruit (OR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.19-0.99) as well as a second piece (OR = 0.22; 95 % CI = 0.22-0.81), vegetables more than once a day (OR = 0.39; 95 % CI = 0.19-0.80), fish (at least 2-3 times/week) (OR = 0.40; 95 % CI = 0.20-0.78) and nuts (at least 2 or 3 times per week) (OR = 0.46; 95 % = 0.24-0.87). Conclusion: some healthy eating patterns, such as the consumption of fruits and vegetables, appeared to be more prevalent in those children who met the international screen-time guidelines.
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Association of dietary patterns with blood pressure and body adiposity in adolescents: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1440-1453. [PMID: 33531634 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00850-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper aimed to systematically review the results of observational studies that investigated the association of dietary patterns with blood pressure and body adiposity markers in adolescents. Articles were searched in July 2020 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Of the 3408 studies found, 24 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered in this review. Almost all studies (n = 23) identified at least one unhealthy pattern, predominantly characterized as consumption of confectionery, refined grains, sweets, sweetened drinks, red meats, and processed meats. Fourteen of the twenty-four studies found a significant association between any dietary pattern and blood pressure and/or body adiposity markers. There was a positive association of dietary patterns - characterized by the consumption of foods rich in sodium, animal fat, refined carbohydrates, and low in fiber - with increased blood pressure and body adiposity. Our findings highlight the importance of studies with this scope, whose results can support the surveillance of adolescent's health. However, considering the limited number of studies that found a significant association and their limitations, the present results should be interpreted carefully. More prospective studies are needed to determine how adherence to dietary patterns could influence blood pressure and body adiposity markers in the long term.
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Pedroni C, Vandevijvere S, Desbouys L, Rouche M, Castetbon K. The cost of diets according to diet quality and sociodemographic characteristics in children and adolescents in Belgium. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:336-348. [PMID: 34503386 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1972940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to estimate cost variations according to diet quality and sociodemographic characteristics in children. Data (n = 1,596; 5-17 y) from the Belgian National Food Consumption Survey were used. The "Kidmed index" and dietary patterns (DP) identified through principal component analysis were used to assess diet quality. Daily diet cost was estimated after linking the consumed foods with the GfK ConsumerScan panel food prices. The mean diet cost was 4.68€/day (SEM: 0.05). Adjusted for covariates and energy intake, the mean diet cost was 9.1% higher in the highest Kidmed adherence (vs. the lowest) and 6.2% higher in the tercile T3 (vs. T1) of the "Healthy" DP score. It was 4.8% lower in the T3 (vs. T1) for the "Junk food" DP score. Diet cost was higher in 12-17 year-olds (vs. 5-11 years) and in medium and high educated household (vs. the lowest). These findings support policies to make healthy diets more affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Pedroni
- Research Centre in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research", School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Vandevijvere
- Scientific Institute of Public Health (Sciensano), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Unit "Lifestyle and chronic diseases", Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucille Desbouys
- Research Centre in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research", School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manon Rouche
- Research Centre in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research", School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katia Castetbon
- Research Centre in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research", School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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López-Gil JF, García-Hermoso A, Brazo-Sayavera J, Tárraga López PJ, Yuste Lucas JL. Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Mediator of the Relationship of Recreational Screen Time on Mediterranean Diet Score in Schoolchildren. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4490. [PMID: 33922666 PMCID: PMC8122944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet as well as lower recreational screen time. Similarly, higher screen time has been negatively linked to a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet. However, the mediator effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on the influence of screen time on adherence to the Mediterranean diet is still unknown. The aim of this study was two-fold: first, to assess the combined association of recreational screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness with adherence to Mediterranean diet among Spanish schoolchildren, and second, to elucidate whether the association between recreational screen time and adherence to the Mediterranean diet is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness. METHODS A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 370 schoolchildren aged 6-13 years from six schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain) were included. RESULTS The mediation analysis showed that once screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness were included together in the model, cardiorespiratory fitness was positively linked to adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.020) and although screen time remained negatively related to adherence to the Mediterranean diet, this association was slightly attenuated (indirect effect = -0.027; 95% CI = (-0.080, -0.002)). CONCLUSIONS This research supports that cardiorespiratory fitness may reduce the negative association between screen time and Mediterranean dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia (UM), 30720 San Javier, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 71783-5, Chile
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), 41013 Seville, Spain;
- PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), 40000 Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Pedro Juan Tárraga López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Juan Luis Yuste Lucas
- Departamento de Expresión Plástica, Musical y Dinámica, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Murcia (UM), 30100 Murcia, Spain;
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Desbouys L, Rouche M, De Ridder K, Pedroni C, Castetbon K. Ten-year changes in diet quality among adolescents and young adults (Food Consumption Survey 2004 and 2014, Belgium). Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3225-3235. [PMID: 33570658 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the 10-year change in the overall nutritional quality of adolescent and young adult's diet, as measured by the modified Nutrient Profiling System of the British Food Standards Agency individual Dietary Index (FSAm-NPS-DI) which funds the Nutri-Score development, and in different components of this score, overall and according to the individual characteristics. METHODS Two 24-h dietary recalls were carried out in 15- to 39-year-old respondents included in the Belgian Food Consumption Surveys in 2004 (n = 1186) and 2014 (n = 952). The weighted mean individual FSAm-NPS-DI was computed from all foods and beverages consumed, converted into a scale from 0 to 100 (from the poorest to the most favorable diet), and compared between survey years. Subject characteristics associated with the score, along with the mean daily intake of food groups, energy, and nutrients were explored in multiple linear regressions stratified by survey year and age group. RESULTS The weighted mean daily FSAm-NPS-DI significantly increased between 2004 and 2014 [2004: 55.3 (SEM: 0.2) vs. 2014: 57.4 (0.5), P < 0.001 in 15- to 18-year olds; 55.0 (0.6) vs. 58.1 (0.4), P < 0.001 in 19- to 25-year olds; 57.1 (0.4) vs. 58.5 (0.3), P < 0.01 in 26- to 39-year olds]. SFA intake decreased in all age groups, and sugar-sweetened beverage, sugar, sodium, and fiber intakes decreased among 15‒18-year olds. The nutritional quality changed unevenly according to sociocultural characteristics, levels of education and regions being the main sources of disparities. CONCLUSION The quality of diet improved overall between 2004 and 2014 among young people in Belgium, an uneven change that need to be confirmed in future surveys, following the implementation of the Nutri-Score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Desbouys
- Research Center in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials", CR2, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, CP598, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Manon Rouche
- Research Center in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials", CR2, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, CP598, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin De Ridder
- Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille Pedroni
- Research Center in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials", CR2, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, CP598, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katia Castetbon
- Research Center in "Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials", CR2, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, CP598, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
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Mediterranean Diet, Screen-Time-Based Sedentary Behavior and Their Interaction Effect on Adiposity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020474. [PMID: 33573364 PMCID: PMC7911943 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a worldwide epidemic. Mediterranean diet (MD) is inversely associated with childhood obesity, but the interaction with other environmental factors, such screen time, might influence the health benefits of a high MD adherence in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to assess whether an association between MD and screen time exists in European adolescents. Moreover, we also explored whether sedentary time has a modulatory effect on the association between MD and adiposity. Adherence to the MD (24 h recalls), screen time (questionnaire), pubertal development, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated in 2053 adolescents (54.7% females), aged 12.5–17.5 years. In females, MD adherence was associated with lower BMI and FMI only when they were exposed to less than 338 min/day of screen time (81.8% of females); MD adherence was also associated with lower WC only when females were exposed to less than 143 min/day of screen time (31.5% of females). No significant MD-screen time interaction was observed in males. In conclusion, screen-time-based sedentary behaviours had a modulatory effect in the association between MD adherence and adiposity in European female adolescents.
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Suliga E, Cieśla E, Michel S, Kaducakova H, Martin T, Śliwiński G, Braun A, Izova M, Lehotska M, Kozieł D, Głuszek S. Diet Quality Compared to the Nutritional Knowledge of Polish, German, and Slovakian University Students-Preliminary Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239062. [PMID: 33291705 PMCID: PMC7730789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Suliga
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Elżbieta Cieśla
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sven Michel
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Helena Kaducakova
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Titus Martin
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Grzegorz Śliwiński
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University in Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Alexander Braun
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Marcela Izova
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Maria Lehotska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Dorota Kozieł
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;
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Silva A, Fragoso I, Barrigas C, Teles J. Portuguese adolescents diet quality, lifestyle variables and body composition, in relation to precise measures of maturity. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-190346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.L. Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry Exercise, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I. Fragoso
- Department of Sports and Health, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry Exercise, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C. Barrigas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry Exercise, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J. Teles
- Mathematics Unit, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Abstract
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are recognized as predictors of the risk of obesity in adulthood. The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between dietary pattern and obesity risk among children. Methods: Articles were selected from databases (Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Eric, Livivo, and PubMed/Medline), without limitations regarding language or date. Database-specific search terms included the key words "obesity," "diet," "dietary pattern," "childhood," "children," "adolescents," and relevant synonyms. The review included studies that reported the assessment of the dietary pattern in childhood and that correlated eating patterns with the obesity risk through cluster analysis (CA) and/or factor analysis and/or principal component analysis and presented odds ratios (ORs). The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Owing to the heterogeneity among the assessments of the association of dietary patterns and obesity, the results are described narratively. Results: Using a selection process in two phases, 16 articles were included. Fifteen studies used a cross-sectional design, and one case-control study. The included studies showed variation in sample size (range = 232 to 10,187 children/adolescents) and age (range = 1-19 years old). The studies reported between two and five dietary patterns each. The OR for the relationship between the dietary pattern and the risk of childhood obesity ranged from OR = 1.02; confidence interval (95% CI) (0.91-1.15) to OR = 3.55; 95% CI (1.80-7.03). In this study, the dietary patterns identified by the studies were given different names. The food intake patterns identified could, in most factor or CA studies, be categorized as (1) potentially obesogenic foods that increased risk of becoming overweight (including fatty cheeses, sugary drinks, processed foods, fast food, candies, snacks, cakes, animal products, whole milk, and refined grains) or (2) food classified as healthy with the weakest association with the risk of becoming overweight or obese (including low levels of sugar and fat and high levels of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, nuts, legumes, and yogurt). Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated from most studies that a diet with a lower percentage of obesogenic foods should be effective in reducing the risk of developing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Liberali
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Emil Kupek
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
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Social determinants of food group consumption based on Mediterranean diet pyramid: A cross-sectional study of university students. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227620. [PMID: 31999722 PMCID: PMC6992217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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[Strengths and weaknesses of food and diet in the Spanish population of the 21st century]. NUTR HOSP 2020; 36:3-6. [PMID: 31232580 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: at present, it is precisely the Mediterranean countries whose characteristic lifestyle was recognized as a health paradigm and promoted to the rest of the world, those who are at mostly at risk, in which it becomes necessary the immediate development of strategies based on education that may contribute to the adoption of a healthier diet and lifestyle. Objectives: to review the current dietary patterns in Spain, as well as its evolution in the last years. Methods: review of the studies that have been published in relation to the subject. Results: changes in the diet and lifestyle that have been introduced in recent years in Spain have led to a gradual decreased in the consumption of cereals and derivatives, potatoes and legumes, whereas an increase in the intake of meats and meat derivatives and non-alcoholic drinks has occurred. From the nutritional point of view, these trends resulted in an increase of the proportion of total fats (mainly saturated) and proteins (highly in those of animal origin) in the diet while complex carbohydrates have experienced a decrease (accompanied by a higher consumption of total sugars, including added ones). At the same time, the Spanish society should be considered as with a sedentary behavior. These facts have as one of the main negative consequences that Spain show one of the highest prevalence rates of childhood obesity in Europe, but also in adults. Conclusions: in this context, there is a need to promote the recovery of our culture (Mediterranean diet), and to return to feed and live according to patterns that have kept us protected during generations of many diseases. In fact, it should be important to try to answer the following question: If not so many years ago we had a food model that fulfilled all the recommendations of a healthy diet, which are the main barriers at present from returning to it?
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Naja F, Itani L, Kharroubi S, Diab El Harake M, Hwalla N, Jomaa L. Food insecurity is associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among Lebanese adolescents: a cross-sectional national study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3281-3292. [PMID: 31900578 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To derive dietary patterns (DPs) of Lebanese adolescents (10-18 years) and evaluate associations between identified DPs and household food insecurity (HFI). METHODS Data on adolescents (n = 693) were drawn from a national survey conducted in 2015 on a representative sample of Lebanese households with children. In addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, data collection included the validated Arabic-version of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, used to evaluate HFI. Dietary intake was assessed using a 187-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations between HFI scores and DPs were examined using multiple linear regressions. RESULTS HFI was observed in 55.2% of the study sample. Two DPs were derived among adolescents: Western and Lebanese-Mediterranean (LM). The Western DP was characterized by higher consumption of sweetened beverages, fast foods, sweets, and refined grains, whereas the LM DP was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and whole grains. Scores of the Western DP were negatively associated with fiber, calcium, iron, and vitamins A and D, while the LM DP scores were positively correlated with fiber, proteins, iron, calcium, and vitamins A and D (p < 0.01). LM DP scores were also negatively correlated with total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fats, p < 0.05. After adjustment for sociodemographics, multiple linear regression showed that higher HFI scores were associated with lower adherence to LM DP among adolescents (β = - 0.026, 95% CI - 0.046, - 0.006). CONCLUSIONS HFI was associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean pattern among Lebanese adolescents. Preventive strategies are needed to promote better diet quality among food-insecure youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, PO Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2809, Lebanon
| | - Samer Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Diab El Harake
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Jomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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Socio-economic and cultural disparities in diet among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:843-860. [PMID: 31466544 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore dietary differences according to socio-economic and sociocultural characteristics of adolescents and young adults. DESIGN A systematic review was conducted. SETTING The main search source was MEDLINE, consulted between January 2012 and March 2017. Quality of selected studies was assessed based on dietary measurement method, sample selection, socio-economic indicator choice and statistical modelling. PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, assessing relationships between socio-economic status and dietary intake (patterns, scores and food groups) in the 10- to 40-year-old general population of high-income countries, were selected. RESULTS Among the 7250 reports identified, forty were selected, seventeen of which were of high quality; their conclusions, related only to adolescents, were combined and presented. The most favourable dietary patterns, higher dietary scores, greater consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products, and lower consumption of sugary sweetened beverages and energy-dense foods, were associated with better parental socio-economic status, particularly in terms of higher education. Migrant status was associated with plant-based patterns, greater consumption of fruits and vegetables and of sugary sweetened beverages and energy-dense foods. For the other food groups, and for young adults, very few high-quality studies were found. CONCLUSIONS The socio-economic gradient in adolescent diets requires confirmation by higher-grade studies of a wider set of food groups and must be extended to young adult populations. Future nutritional interventions should involve the most vulnerable adolescent populations, taking account of socio-economic status and migration.
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Rito A, Dinis A, Rascôa C, Maia A, Mendes S, Stein-Novais C, Lima J. Mediterranean Diet Index (KIDMED) Adherence, Socioeconomic Determinants, and Nutritional Status of Portuguese Children: The Eat Mediterranean Program. PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1159/000495803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Xu H, Sun Y, Wan Y, Zhang S, Xu H, Yang R, Wang W, Zeng H, Xu S, Hao J, Tao F. Eating pattern and psychological symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on a national large sample of Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2019; 244:155-163. [PMID: 30340102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed inconsistent results of the relationship between eating patterns and mental health in adolescents, and little is known in Chinese adolescents. METHODS A multi-center population-based survey was conducted in 32 schools in 4 provinces across China. A total of 14,500 adolescents at grade 7-12 completed eligible questionnaires. Emotional, conduct and social adaptation problems were assessed using Multi-dimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), while eating pattern was collected using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). RESULTS Four principal components were obtained, including healthy, meat, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and fast foods patterns. The healthy pattern associated with lower risk of psychological symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (AORs) was 0.59, 0.60, 0.62, 0.53, respectively, all p < 0.01). While the fast foods pattern (AOR was 2.16, 2.04, 1.84, 2.24, respectively, all p < 0.01), the SSBs pattern (AOR was 1.38, 1.34, 1.25, 1.56, respectively, all p < 0.01) and the meats pattern (AOR was 1.24, 1.15, 1.12, 1.28, respectively, all p < 0.05) significantly associated with higher risk of psychological symptoms. Dose-response relationships were observed in all eating patterns with psychological symptoms, except for meats pattern (p-trend < 0.01). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design limited the ability to infer causality. Meanwhile, it was difficult for estimating the eating quantity accurately by SQFFQ, and can only be assessed by the dietary pattern score. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the potential importance of eating pattern for mental health during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglv Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Huiqiong Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Hanjun Zeng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Shaojun Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, P.R China.
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Vitale M, Racca E, Izzo A, Giacco A, Parente E, Riccardi G, Giacco R. Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet in a population of South of Italy: factors involved and proposal of an educational field-based survey tool. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 70:195-201. [PMID: 29929406 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1481202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed and validated a tool assessing the adherence to the Mediterranean diet based on current nutritional recommendations for health promotion (MEDI-Quest). Four-hundred-and-eleven clinically healthy subjects completed both the MEDI-Quest-score and the validated MedDietScore (MDS). A good accordance between MEDI-Quest and MDS was observed (R = 0.638), as well as for the percentage of individuals having similar scores with both methods for each food group. Regarding socio-cultural-factors, higher adherence was observed in people with older-age (OR = 1.030, p < .0001), more qualifier-employment (OR = 1.136, p < .005), higher-income (OR = 1.925, p < .0001), interest in reading-food-labels (OR = 2.057, p < .0001), and having frequent physical activity (OR = 1.608, p < .05). In conclusion, our findings show that (1) the MEDI-Quest score well correlate with MDS, and (2) the adherence to the Mediterranean diet is not particularly high due to less cultural roots. It could be necessary to improve people's knowledge about food and nutrition, taking into consideration believes embedded in their family, tradition and religion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Vitale
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Emanuela Racca
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Arianna Izzo
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Angela Giacco
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | - Eugenio Parente
- b Department of Sciences , University of Basilicata , Potenza , Italy
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- a Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery , University "Federico II" of Naples , Naples , Italy
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Hinnig PDF, Monteiro JS, de Assis MAA, Levy RB, Peres MA, Perazi FM, Porporatti AL, Canto GDL. Dietary Patterns of Children and Adolescents from High, Medium and Low Human Development Countries and Associated Socioeconomic Factors: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:E436. [PMID: 29601553 PMCID: PMC5946221 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the associations among education, income and dietary pattern (DP) in children and adolescents from high, medium and low human development countries (HHDC, MHDC and LHDC, respectively). Observational studies that evaluated the association between family income or education with the DP are obtained through electronic database searches. Forty articles are selected for review. In HHDC, education is inversely associated with "unhealthy" DP and positively associated with "healthy" DP. In cross-sectional studies from HHDC, higher income is negatively associated with "unhealthy" DP. In MHDC, there is no association between the socioeconomic variables (SE) and the DPs, although, in some studies, the unhealthy diet is positively associated with SE. Only one study conducted in LHDC showed an inverse association between income/education with "unhealthy" DP and there is no association between the SE and "healthy" DP. In conclusion, children and adolescents living in HHDC with high parental education tend to have a healthier diet. In MHDC, although an unhealthy diet is found among the high-income and educated population, the associations are not clear. Additional research is needed to clarify the associations between income and education with "unhealthy" and "healthy" DPs in MHDC and LHDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, CCS/UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Jordanna Santos Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasilia-DF 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, CCS/UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Preventive Medicine Department, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Marco Aurélio Peres
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Fernanda Machado Perazi
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, CCS/UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - André Luís Porporatti
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina CCS/UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina CCS/UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil.
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Ribeiro-Silva RDC, Fiaccone RL, Conceição-Machado MEPD, Ruiz AS, Barreto ML, Santana MLP. Body image dissatisfaction and dietary patterns according to nutritional status in adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:155-161. [PMID: 28801145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of data on the association between body self-perception and eating patterns in Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and eating patterns by the anthropometric status in adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1496 adolescents was conducted. The participants completed the Body Shape Questionnaire. Demographic, anthropometric, and socioeconomic data were collected, as well as information regarding the pubertal development and dietary intake. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations of interest. RESULTS Body image dissatisfaction was identified in 19.5% of the adolescents. Three dietary patterns were identified: (1) the Western pattern was composed of sweets and sugars, soft drinks, typical dishes, pastries, fast food, beef, milk, and dairy products; (2) the Traditional pattern was composed of oils, chicken, fish, eggs, processed meat products, cereals (rice, cassava flour, pasta, etc.), baked beans, and bread; and (3) the Restrictive pattern was composed of granola, roots, vegetables, and fruit. Among overweight/obese adolescents, the data indicated a negative association of slight body image dissatisfaction (OR: 0.240 [0.100; 0.576]) and moderate body image dissatisfaction (OR: 0.235 [0.086; 0.645]) with the Western dietary pattern. Additionally, in this group, there was a positive association between high body image dissatisfaction and the Restrictive pattern (OR: 2.794 [1.178; 6.630]). CONCLUSION Amongst overweight/obese adolescents, those with slight and moderate body image dissatisfaction were less likely to follow a Western-like dietary pattern when compared with those satisfied with their body image. Additionally, in this group, adolescents with high body image dissatisfaction was more likely to follow a restrictive pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva
- Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Escola de Nutrição, Departamento Ciência da Nutrição, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Ana Santos Ruiz
- Universidad de Alicante, Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maurício Lima Barreto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz (IGM), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Mônica Leila Portela Santana
- Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Escola de Nutrição, Departamento Ciência da Nutrição, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Ribeiro‐Silva RDC, Fiaccone RL, Conceição‐Machado MEPD, Ruiz AS, Barreto ML, Santana MLP. Body image dissatisfaction and dietary patterns according to nutritional status in adolescents. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Benedetti I, Laureti T, Secondi L. Choosing a healthy and sustainable diet: A three-level approach for understanding the drivers of the Italians' dietary regime over time. Appetite 2018; 123:357-366. [PMID: 29330002 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dietary patterns play key roles in health promotion and in preserving the environment. A growing number of studies show the importance of individual factors on food consumption choices, such as socio-economic status, lifestyle variables and contextual and social factors that characterize the geographical area in which individuals reside. The Mediterranean Diet is a sustainable diet that respects the environment, thus reducing per capita emissions from food production in respect to less sustainable diet. The aim of this paper is to determine the Italians' prevailing food patterns using a composite indicator and to identify which factors determine a higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Italy. By using 15 waves of the ISTAT "Aspect of Daily Life" survey, we constructed an original data set and referred to the multilevel approach which enabled us to distinguish between temporal and cross-sectional effects thus providing valuable insights to policy makers and stakeholders in order to promote the Mediterranean Diet and reap environmental and public health. The results show that education plays an important role in determining food consumption behavior while the tendency to practice sports on a regular basis and to have breakfast and lunch at home positively influence people's adherence to this diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Benedetti
- Department of Economics and Legal Studies, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Generale Parisi, 13 80132 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Laureti
- Department of Economics, Engineering, Society and Business Organization, University of Tuscia, Via del Paradiso, 37 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Luca Secondi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via S.C. De Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
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Borges CA, Slater B, Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Mouratidou T, Huybrechts I, Widhalm K, Gottrand F, Manios Y, Jimenez-Pavón D, Valtueña J, Le Donne C, Marcos A, Molnar D, Castillo MJ, De Henauw S, Moreno LA. Dietary Patterns in European and Brazilian Adolescents: Comparisons and Associations with Socioeconomic Factors. Nutrients 2018; 10:E57. [PMID: 29315272 PMCID: PMC5793285 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between dietary patterns (DP) and socioeconomic factors have been little explored in adolescents. The aim of this study was to identify DP in European and Brazilian adolescents and to investigate their associations with a range of socioeconomic indicators. Adolescents from the HELENA-study and the Household Budget Survey were analyzed. Factor analysis was used to obtain DP. Linear regression was used to examine the association between DP and SES. In Europeans, the Western DP was associated with low education of the mother, high socioeconomic status (boys), older age (boys), and living in cities of the Northern Europe; in Brazilians, the Western DP was associated with high secondary education of the mother, high socioeconomic status and living in Southern areas of the country. The Traditional European DP, in both genders, was associated with high secondary education of the mother and inversely associated with a high socioeconomic status; the Traditional Brazilian DP, was associated with university level education of the mother and older age (boys). The association between DP and socioeconomic factors is relevant for the understanding of food-related practices and highlight the importance of performing a complete assessment of the socioeconomic influence in adolescent's DP from developed and developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Aparecida Borges
- School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo Avenue Dr. Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
| | - Betzabeth Slater
- School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo Avenue Dr. Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
| | - Alba Maria Santaliestra-Pasías
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS Aragon), Center for Biomedical Research Network Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.S.-P.); (T.M.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Theodora Mouratidou
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS Aragon), Center for Biomedical Research Network Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.S.-P.); (T.M.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France;
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Inserm U955, IFR 114/IMPRT, Faculty of Medicine, University Lille 2, F-59037 Lille, France;
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Ave, 176 71 Athens, Greece;
| | - David Jimenez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - Jara Valtueña
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martín Fierro, 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cinzia Le Donne
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Dénes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Medical School, József A. u. 7., 7623 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Manuel J. Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida Madrid, 12, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon (IA2), Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS Aragon), Center for Biomedical Research Network Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.S.-P.); (T.M.); (L.A.M.)
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Barrón V, Rodríguez A, Cuadra I, Flores C, Sandoval P. [Relationship between macronutrient and micronutrient intake and nutritional status of active older adults in Chillán, Chile]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2018; 53:6-11. [PMID: 28988951 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social participation by older adults is a health-protective element that promotes a normal nutritional status through the intake of appropriate nutrients that favour successful aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study was performed on a sample of 118 older adults. Food intake was measured using a 24-h recall questionnaire. The body mass index was used to evaluate the nutritional status. The information was analysed using uni- and bivariate descriptive statistics. Given the abnormal distribution of the responses, the Mann-Whitney and Kolgomorov-Smirnov statistical test were used to compare data at the significance level α=0.05. RESULTS More than half (55%) of the women and 61% of men had a normal nutritional status. The calories and macronutrient intake were within the recommended ranges and unrelated to the nutritional status (P>.05). The micronutrients showed significant differences in relation to the nutritional status, broken down by gender and age, in the majority of vitamins and minerals. (P>.01). The group between 75-90 years old accomplished the recommended dietary allowance in every case. CONCLUSIONS The active participation in organised community groups, the educational level of the older adults, and higher income, could be key factors to explain the good nutritional status of the group, and appears to be a good indicator of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Barrón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Ivonne Cuadra
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Carolina Flores
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Paulina Sandoval
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
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Silva DFDO, Lyra CDO, Lima SCVC. [Dietary habits of adolescents and associated cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2017; 21:1181-96. [PMID: 27076017 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232015214.08742015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study was to conduct a systematic review to establish the major dietary habits of adolescents and the corresponding association with cardiovascular risk factors. Research was performed in the LILACS, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases in addition to a manual search for original articles published between 2005 and 2014. Of the 371 entries identified; 26 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were covered in the review. The main dietary habits observed were Western (61%) Healthy (42%) and Traditional (38%). Western dietary habits were positively associated with total cholesterol and SM, while Healthy dietary habits were inversely associated with fasting glycaemia, DBP and SM and positively with HDL-C, all of the aforementioned associations with very low (D) quality of evidence in accordance with the GRADE rating. The Traditional dietary habits were considered a risk factor for hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia and protection for physical activity and eutrophic BMI. Although these results need to be analyzed with caution, due to the low quality of evidence, there is a clear need for actions aimed at promoting healthy dietary habits in adolescents in order to contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Borges CA, Rinaldi AE, Conde WL, Mainardi GM, Behar D, Slater B. Dietary patterns: a literature review of the methodological characteristics of the main step of the multivariate analyzes. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2017; 18:837-57. [PMID: 26982299 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5497201500040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the solutions adopted in the multiple steps of the use of multivariate techniques to obtain a dietary pattern (DP) concerning: the objective of the studies, the selection of the method for measuring food intake, the criteria for grouping the foods, the number of food groups used, the number of DP obtained, and the nomenclature criteria. METHODS The articles were selected from MEDLINE and Lilacs scientific databases using the following keywords: "dietary patterns" versus "factor analysis"; "principal components analysis"; "cluster analysis" and "reduced regression rank." The initial search resulted in 1,752 articles. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 189 publications were selected. RESULTS The following aspects were relevant among the studies: the prevalence of the principal component analysis (PCA); the prevalence of the use of 4 to 5 DPs in the studies of association with health outcomes; the use of 30 or more food groups from the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); the prevalence of studies that associated DPs with health outcomes and socioeconomic factors; and the heterogeneity of criteria used throughout the analytical stages of the multivariate techniques. CONCLUSION The heterogeneity between the publications concentrates on the criteria for food grouping, the nomenclature, and the number of dietary patterns calculated, which varied depending on the number of food groups present in these analyses. To understand, apply, and explore in full, the multivariate techniques has become necessary in order to improve the reliability of the results and, consequently, to improve the relationships with health outcomes and socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Elisa Rinaldi
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wolney Lisboa Conde
- Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Dora Behar
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Betzabeth Slater
- Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Štefan L, Čule M, Milinović I, Sporiš G, Juranko D. The relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body composition in Croatian university students. Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Bibiloni MDM, González M, Julibert A, Llompart I, Pons A, Tur JA. Ten-Year Trends (1999-2010) of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among the Balearic Islands' Adult Population. Nutrients 2017; 9:E749. [PMID: 28708083 PMCID: PMC5537863 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess ten-year trends (1999-2010) of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) among the Balearic Islands' adult population. Two independent cross-sectional dietary surveys (1999-2000, n = 1200 and 2009-2010 n = 1388, including participants aged 16-65 years) were carried out in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Dietary habits were assessed by means of two 24 h diet recalls and a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire that covers 145 food items. Adherence to the MDP was defined according to a score constructed considering the consumption of nine MDP characteristic components: high monounsaturated fatty acids:saturated fatty acids (MUFA:SFA) ratio, moderate ethanol consumption, high legumes, cereals and roots, fruits, vegetables, and fish consumption, and low consumption of meat and milk. Socio-economic status, education level, lifestyle factors and health status were also assessed. Adherence to the MDP was 43.1% (SD 5.8) in 1999-2000 and 44.6% (SD 8.3) in 2009-2010. Higher age was directly associated with higher adherence to the MDP, and this association was stronger in males than in females. Young generations and smokers showed the lowest adherence to MDP, whereas people with higher educational and socio-economic level, and who were physically active showed the highest adherence. According to the place of birth, the increase in the percentage of the adherence to the MDP was observed to be smaller among the Balearic Island's natives than among people born abroad. In 2009-2010, individuals in the MDP's fourth quartile were more likely to be older (aged 46-65 years), and were less likely to have a low occupational level, to have a light physical activity level and to be smoker than in 1999-2000. The adherence to the MDP has been stabilized and slightly recovered among the Balearic Islands' adult population in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Mónica González
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Alicia Julibert
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038, Guillem Colom Bldg Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Rubio-López N, Llopis-González A, Picó Y, Morales-Suárez-Varela M. Dietary Calcium Intake and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Children: The ANIVA Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14060637. [PMID: 28613243 PMCID: PMC5486323 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of dietary calcium intake with anthropometric measures, physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in 1176 Spanish children aged 6-9 years. Data were obtained from "Antropometría y Nutrición Infantil de Valencia" (ANIVA), a cross-sectional study of a representative sample. Dietary calcium intake assessed from three-day food records was compared to recommended daily intakes in Spain. Anthropometric measures (weight and height) were measured according to international standards and adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) test. For the total sample of children, 25.8% had inadequate calcium intake, a significantly higher prevalence in girls (p = 0.006) and inadequate calcium intake was associated with lower height z-score (p = 0.001) for both sexes. In girls, there was an inverse relationship between calcium intake and body mass index (p = 0.001) and waist/hip ratio (p = 0.018). Boys presented a polarization in physical activity, reporting a greater level of both physical and sedentary activity in comparison with girls (p = 0.001). Children with poor adherence to MedDiet, even if they consume two yogurts or cheese (40 g) daily, adjusted by gender, age, total energy intake, physical activity and father's level of education, are at risk of inadequate total calcium intake (odds ratio adjusted [ORa]: 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-9.94, p = 0.001). The intake of these dairy products was insufficient to cover calcium intake recommendations in this age group (6-9 years). It is important to prioritize health strategies that promote the MedDiet and to increase calcium intake in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Rubio-López
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Agustín Llopis-González
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Research Center on Desertification (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV), Carretera Moncada-Náquera, 46113 Moncada, Spain.
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Mediterranean Diet and Its Correlates among Adolescents in Non-Mediterranean European Countries: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9020177. [PMID: 28241432 PMCID: PMC5331608 DOI: 10.3390/nu9020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the factors which might influence the adherence to a Mediterranean diet in non-Mediterranean European countries. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to determine the associations between socioeconomic, psychological, and physical factors on a Mediterranean diet. In this cross-sectional study, participants were 14–18-year-old adolescents (N = 3071) from two non-Mediterranean countries: Lithuania (N = 1863) and Serbia (N = 1208). The dependent variable was Mediterranean diet, and was assessed with the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents questionnaire. Independent variables were gender, body-mass index, self-rated health, socioeconomic status, psychological distress, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. The associations between dependent and independent variables were analyzed by using logistic regression. Results showed that higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with higher self-rated health, socioeconomic status, and physical activity, yet low adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with being female, having higher body-mass index, psychological distress, and sedentary behavior. Our findings suggest that future studies need to explore associations between lifestyle habits—especially in target populations, such as primary and secondary school students.
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Marventano S, Ferranti R, Antoci M, Giogianni G, Nolfo F, Rametta S, Mistretta A. Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption and Body Composition in Relation to Salt Among Adolescent Resident in Sicily, Southern Italy. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401312666161018130011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Food consumption patterns of Balearic Islands' adolescents depending on their origin. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 17:358-66. [PMID: 25012273 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-014-0071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the immigrant population of the Balearic Islands archipelago (Spain), in the Mediterranean, has risen to 22% of its total population. The aim of this study was to assess food consumption patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents depending on their origin. A population-based cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in the Balearic Islands (2007-2008; n = 1,231; 12-17 years old). Dietary assessment was based on a 145-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Food consumption differences between the adolescents' point of origin and time of arrival were been studied, as well as average daily meals and snacks. The adolescents' origin and number of years living in the Balearic Islands were also assessed. Native adolescents and immigrants from other Mediterranean countries showed healthier food consumption patterns than their peers from non-Mediterranean countries. Immigrant adolescents adapted their eating patterns to native dietary patterns increasingly, the longer they lived in the Balearic Islands.
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Abdullah NF, Teo PS, Foo LH. Ethnic Differences in the Food Intake Patterns and Its Associated Factors of Adolescents in Kelantan, Malaysia. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090551. [PMID: 27626444 PMCID: PMC5037536 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the ethnic differences in dietary patterns and its association with socio-economic, dietary and lifestyle practices among adolescents in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods: A population-based study of 454 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years was included. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary patterns and three dietary patterns were identified based on the principal component analysis method. Results: Malay adolescents had significantly higher scores for the Western-based food pattern and local-based food pattern, whereas Chinese adolescents showed higher scores for the healthy-based food pattern. Multivariate analyses show that age and physical activity (PA) levels were positively associated with healthy-based food pattern in Malay (All, p < 0.001), whereas higher consumption of eating-out from home (EatOut) (p = 0.014) and fast food (p = 0.041) were negatively associated. High weekly breakfast skipping (p < 0.001) and EatOut (p = 0.003) were positively associated with a Western-based pattern, whereas age (p < 0.001) and household income (p = 0.005) were negatively associated. Higher frequency of daily snacking (p = 0.013) was positively associated with local-based food pattern. For Chinese adolescents, age (p < 0.001), PA levels (p < 0.001) and maternal education level (p = 0.035) showed positive associations with the healthy-based pattern, whereas high EatOut (p = 0.001) and fast food intakes (p = 0.001) were negatively associated. Higher weekly consumption of EatOut (p = 0.007), fast food (p = 0.023) and carbonated beverages (p = 0.023), and daily snacking practice (p = 0.004) were positively associated with higher Western-based food pattern, whereas age (p = 0.004) was inversely associated. Conclusion: This study showed that there were significant differences in dietary patterns and its association factors between Malay and Chinese adolescents. More importantly, these findings suggest that unhealthy dietary and lifestyle practices could increase the risk of adherence to unhealthy Western-based food pattern that is high in fat, sugar and salt contents, and, consequently, increase the risk of developing obesity and metabolic-related disorders during these critical years of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul-Fadhilah Abdullah
- Programme of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Sport Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Proton City, Tanjung Malim, Perak 35900, Malaysia.
| | - Pey Sze Teo
- Programme of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University lakeside campus, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Leng Huat Foo
- Programme of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.
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Wadolowska L, Kowalkowska J, Lonnie M, Czarnocinska J, Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Babicz-Zielinska E. Associations between physical activity patterns and dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish girls aged 13-21 years: a cross-sectional study (GEBaHealth Project). BMC Public Health 2016; 16:698. [PMID: 27485607 PMCID: PMC4971681 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similar to other countries, trends of decreasing levels of physical activity (PA) and an increasing prevalence of unhealthy dietary patterns are observed among girls in Poland. Better understanding of potentially inter-related behaviours within this population can help to design tailored interventions. The purpose of this study was to determine associations between PA patterns and dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish girls. METHODS Girls aged 13-21 years (n = 1107) were randomly selected for the study. PA was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Long (IPAQ-L). Dietary data were collected with food frequency questionnaires. PA patterns and dietary patterns were drawn separately by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Logistic regression was used to find the associations between PA patterns and dietary patterns. RESULTS Four major PA patterns ('School/work activity', 'Active recreation', 'Yard activity' and 'Walking and domestic activity') and four dietary patterns ('Traditional Polish', 'Fruit & vegetables', 'Fast food & sweets' and 'Dairy & fats') were identified. Level of PA was the highest in the upper tertile of 'School/work activity' pattern (mean 1372.2 MET-minutes/week, 95 % Confidence Intervals [CI]: 1285.9-1458.5). Girls in upper tertiles of 'Yard activity', 'Active recreation' and 'School/work activity' patterns had significantly higher chances of being in the upper tertile of the 'Fruit and vegetables' dietary pattern (odds ratio [OR] 2.17, 95 % CI: 1.50-3.14, p < 0.0001; OR 2.02, 95 % CI: 1.41-2.91; p < 0.001 and OR 1.76, 95 % CI: 1.24-2.51, p < 0.01 respectively; all adjusted for confounders) in comparison to bottom tertiles. Weak, but significant inverse associations were found between upper tertiles of 'Active recreation' and 'Yard activity' patterns and unhealthy dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS We found associations between PA patterns and dietary patterns in the population of Polish girls. Girls with the highest adherence to the 'School/work activity' pattern had the highest levels of PA and presented pro-healthy dietary behaviours. School should be recognised as potentially efficient and important setting to maximise girls' PA potential. The after-school time is the area that should also be targeted to increase daily PA or to at least sustain the level of PA after completing education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Wadolowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45F, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45F, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Lonnie
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 45F, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Czarnocinska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Organisation and Consumption Economics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Babicz-Zielinska
- Department of Trade and Services, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225, Gdynia, Poland
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Mediterranean diet adherence in children and adolescents in southern European countries. NFS JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mistretta A, Marventano S, Antoci M, Cagnetti A, Giogianni G, Nolfo F, Rametta S, Pecora G, Marranzano M. Mediterranean diet adherence and body composition among Southern Italian adolescents. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 11:215-226. [PMID: 27269367 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet has been associated with health benefits in young populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardio-metabolic parameters in adolescents living in Sicily, Southern Italy. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted during two school years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) on 1643 adolescents of 11-16 years attending 15 secondary schools. Socio-demographic, dietary, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were collected. The KIDMED score was used to evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Linear and logistic regression models were used to test the association between the variable of interest and the outcomes. RESULTS A higher percentage of boys compared with girls was overweight (30.8% vs. 25.4%) and obese (28.7% vs. 18.5%) and only 9.1% had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Vegetable intake was negatively associated with being overweight/obese whereas higher intake of sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fast foods was associated with overweight and obesity. A good adherence to the Mediterranean diet resulted in 30% decreased odds of being overweight or obese (odd ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.87) in both boys and girls. An inverse correlation was found between KIDMED score and BMI, waist circumference and fat mass. No relation with blood pressure was found. CONCLUSIONS Mediterranean dietary pattern resulted significantly associated with weight status in adolescents. These results underline the importance of providing lifestyle and dietary habits education to prevent overweight and obesity in adolescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mistretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia Antoci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Cagnetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giogianni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Nolfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Rametta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Pecora
- Course of General Medicine Training, Council for Health, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marina Marranzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Guerra PH, de Farias JC, Florindo AA. Sedentary behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review. Rev Saude Publica 2016; 50:9. [PMID: 27007685 PMCID: PMC4794779 DOI: 10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the methodological characteristics of the studies selected and assess variables associated with sedentary behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents. METHODS For this systematic review, we searched four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, LILACS, SciELO. Also, electronic searches were applied in Google Scholar. A supplementary search was conducted in the references lists of the included articles and in non-indexed journals. We included observational studies with children and adolescents aged from three to 19 years developed in Brazil, presenting analyses of associations based on regression methods and published until September 30, 2014. RESULTS Of the 255 potential references retrieved by the searches, 49 met the inclusion criteria and composed the descriptive synthesis. In this set, we identified a great number of cross-sectional studies (n = 43; 88.0%) and high methodological variability on the types of sedentary behavior assessed, measurement tools and cut-off points used. The variables most often associated with sedentary behavior were "high levels of body weight" (in 15 out of 27 studies; 55.0%) and "lower level of physical activity" (in eight out of 16 studies; 50.0%). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review raise the following demands to the Brazilian agenda of sedentary behavior research geared to children and adolescents: development of longitudinal studies, validation of measuring tools, establishment of risk cut-offs, measurement of sedentary behavior beyond screen time and use of objective measures in addition to questionnaires. In the articles available, the associations between sedentary behavior with "high levels of body weight" and "low levels of physical activity" were observed in different regions of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Guerra
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Atividade Física e Saúde. Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - José Cazuza de Farias
- Departamento de Educação Física. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - Alex Antonio Florindo
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Atividade Física e Saúde. Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Longitudinal study of psychopathological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors related to the level of Mediterranean diet adherence in a community sample of Spanish adolescents. Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:1812-22. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015003560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern has important health benefits; however, it seems that Spanish school-aged children have been abandoning this healthy pattern recently. We aimed to identify psychopathological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors that may influence the risk of low MD adherence.DesignLongitudinal study in three phases. MD adherence was assessed using the Krece Plus food questionnaire and psychopathological symptoms using the Screen for Childhood Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, Children’s Depression Inventory, Youth’s Inventory-4 and Eating Disorder Inventory-2. Anthropometric data were collected in the first and third phases.SettingsAll five representative areas in Reus, Spain.SubjectsAdolescents (n241).ResultsRegardless of past and current BMI, socio-economic status was a protective factor for low MD adherence (OR=0·805,P=0·003) and a risk factor for high BMI (OR=0·718,P=0·002; OR=0·707,P=0·001). Regardless of socio-economic status, depression was involved with risk of low adherence (OR=1·069,P=0·021). Girls with lower MD adherence presented significantly higher scores for eating disorders measured using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (low adherence, mean 18·9 (sd13·5); high adherence, mean 8·9 (sd9·0),P=0·020) and the Youth Inventory-4 (low adherence, mean 5·2 (sd4·3); medium adherence, mean 3·6 (sd3·2),P=0·044). They also presented higher depression symptoms (low adherence, mean 17·7 (sd9·6); medium adherence, mean 12·3 (sd7·2),P=0·01) than girls with high adherence.ConclusionsThe results highlight the influence of psychosocial factors on levels of MD adherence. These factors need to be taken into account when developing prevention and health promotion initiatives.
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Kastorini CM, Lykou A, Yannakoulia M, Petralias A, Riza E, Linos A. The influence of a school-based intervention programme regarding adherence to a healthy diet in children and adolescents from disadvantaged areas in Greece: the DIATROFI study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70:671-7. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-205680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Giorgianni G, Nolfo F, Rametta S, Matalone M, Mistretta A. Eating and lifestyle habits in relation with weight status and place of living of adolescents in Sicily, Southern Italy. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2015. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-150037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giorgianni
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Nolfo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Rametta
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Mistretta
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Tognon G, Moreno LA, Mouratidou T, Veidebaum T, Molnár D, Russo P, Siani A, Akhandaf Y, Krogh V, Tornaritis M, Börnhorst C, Hebestreit A, Pigeot I, Lissner L. Adherence to a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern in children from eight European countries. The IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 38 Suppl 2:S108-14. [PMID: 25219407 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite documented benefits of a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern, there is a lack of knowledge about how children from different European countries compare with each other in relation to the adherence to this pattern. In response to this need, we calculated the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) in 2-9-year-old children from the Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants (IDEFICS) eight-country study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Using 24 h dietary recall data obtained during the IDEFICS study (n=7940), an MDS score was calculated based on the age- and sex-specific population median intakes of six food groups (vegetables and legumes, fruit and nuts, cereal grains and potatoes, meat products and dairy products) and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fats. For fish and seafood, which was consumed by 10% of the population, one point was given to consumers. The percentages of children with high MDS levels (>3) were calculated and stratified by sex, age and by having at least one migrant parent or both native parents. Demographic (sex and age) and socioeconomic characteristics (parental education and income) of children showing high (>3) vs low (⩽3) MDS levels were examined. RESULTS The highest prevalence of children with MDS>3 was found among the Italian pre-school boys (55.9%) and the lowest among the Spanish school-aged girls (26.0%). Higher adherence to a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern was not associated with living in a Mediterranean country or in a highly educated or high-income family, although with some exceptions. Differences in adherence between boys and girls or age groups varied between countries without any general pattern. CONCLUSIONS With the exception of Italian pre-schoolers, similar adherence levels to a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern have been observed among European children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tognon
- Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Mouratidou
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Disease, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - P Russo
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - A Siani
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Y Akhandaf
- Department of Public Health/Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - V Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tornaritis
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - C Börnhorst
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - A Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - I Pigeot
- 1] Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany [2] Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - L Lissner
- Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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48
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Hobbs M, Pearson N, Foster PJ, Biddle SJH. Sedentary behaviour and diet across the lifespan: an updated systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2014; 49:1179-88. [PMID: 25351783 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour and its association with dietary intake in young people and adults are important topics and were systematically reviewed in 2011. There is a need to update this evidence given the changing nature of sedentary behaviour and continued interest in this field. This review aims to assist researchers in better interpreting the diversity of findings concerning sedentary behaviour and weight status. OBJECTIVE To provide an update of the associations between sedentary behaviour and dietary intake across the lifespan. METHODS Electronic databases searched were MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Science Direct for publications between January 2010 and October 2013, thus updating a previous review. Included were observational studies assessing an association between at least one sedentary behaviour and at least one aspect of dietary intake in preschool children (<5 years), school-aged children (6-11 years), adolescents (12-18 years) and adults (>18 years). RESULTS 27 papers met inclusion criteria (preschool k=3, school-aged children k=9, adolescents k=15, adults k=3). For all three groups of young people, trends were evident for higher levels of sedentary behaviour, especially TV viewing, to be associated with a less healthful diet, such as less fruit and vegetable and greater consumption of energy-dense snacks and sugar sweetened beverages. Data for the three studies with adults were less conclusive. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behaviour continues to be associated with unhealthy diet in young people in mostly cross-sectional studies. More studies utilising a prospective design are needed to corroborate findings and more studies are needed with adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Pearson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Perry J Foster
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK The NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit [Now at Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia]
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49
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Grosso G, Marventano S, Giorgianni G, Raciti T, Galvano F, Mistretta A. Mediterranean diet adherence rates in Sicily, southern Italy. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:2001-9. [PMID: 23941897 PMCID: PMC11108722 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980013002188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet and nutrient intakes in a population of Sicily, southern Italy and to evaluate possible determinants, particularly socio-cultural and lifestyle factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Urban and rural areas of eastern Sicily. SUBJECTS Between May 2009 and December 2010, 3090 adults were randomly recruited through the collaboration of fourteen general practitioners. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the MedDietScore. Nutrient intakes were assessed through the 24 h recall of the previous day's dietary intake. RESULTS Rural participants were barely more adherent to the Mediterranean diet than their urban counterparts (mean scores were 27·8 and 27·2, respectively, P = 0·037). The MedDietScore was correlated with intakes of MUFA, fibre and vitamin C, as well as with consumption of non-refined cereals, vegetables, fruit, meat, dairy products, alcohol and nuts. Regression analysis revealed that older and more educated people were more likely to be in the highest tertile of MedDietScore (OR = 1.90; 95 % CI 1·39, 2·59 and OR = 1·29; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·58, respectively). A significant difference in quantity (moderate) and quality (red wine and beer) of alcohol was found according to adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Finally, more active participants were 1·5 times more likely to form part of the high-adherence group. CONCLUSIONS A slow but concrete moving away from traditional patterns has been observed in younger people and low educated people. Public health interventions should focus on these target populations in order to improve the quality of their diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, CT 95123, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, CT 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giorgianni
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, CT 95123, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, CT 95123, Catania, Italy
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50
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Araújo J, Teixeira J, Gaio AR, Lopes C, Ramos E. Dietary patterns among 13-y-old Portuguese adolescents. Nutrition 2014; 31:148-54. [PMID: 25466659 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns in 13-y-old adolescents and to evaluate their association with socioeconomic and behavioral factors. METHODS Data from 1489 adolescents born in 1990 and enrolled in schools of Porto, Portugal, in 2003-2004 (EPITeen study) were analyzed, after excluding those without information on the food frequency questionnaire and the outliers. The questionnaire items were grouped into 14 food groups and dietary patterns were identified by cluster analysis (k-means). Their association with participants' characteristics was computed using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Four dietary patterns were identified. The pattern healthier (16.1%) was characterized by the highest consumption of seafood, soup, vegetables/legumes, fruit, and added fats. The dairy products pattern (29.7%) showed the highest consumption of dairies. The pattern fast food and sweets (14.2%) presented the highest intake of fast food, sweets and pastry, soft drinks and coffee or tea. The lower intake pattern (40%) was characterized by a lower consumption of the majority of food groups. A higher odds of belonging to the fast food and sweets pattern, compared with the lower intake pattern was found among adolescents spending more time watching TV on the weekends (>360 min: odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-3.57) and among those consuming four to seven fried meals per week (OR, 3.96; 95% CI, 2.27-6.90). Adolescents with highly educated parents were less likely to belong to the fast food and sweets group. CONCLUSION Unhealthier behaviors and lower socioeconomic position were the main factors associated with the unhealthier dietary pattern (fast food and sweets). This information should be considered in the development of health-promotion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Araújo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health; and Cardiovascular Research & Development Unit, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Teixeira
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health; and Cardiovascular Research & Development Unit, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rita Gaio
- Department of Mathematics, Science Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centre of Mathematics of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health; and Cardiovascular Research & Development Unit, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health; and Cardiovascular Research & Development Unit, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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