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Kelly NR, Guidinger C, Swan DM, Thivel D, Folger A, Luther GM, Hahn ME. A brief bout of moderate intensity physical activity improves preadolescent children's behavioral inhibition but does not change their energy intake. J Behav Med 2024; 47:692-706. [PMID: 38671287 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Children in rural communities consume more energy-dense foods relative to their urban peers. Identifying effective interventions for improving energy intake patterns are needed to address these geographic disparities. The primary aim of this study was to harness the benefits of physical activity on children's executive functioning to see if these improvements lead to acute changes in eating behaviors. In a randomized crossover design, 91 preadolescent (8-10y; M age = 9.48 ± 0.85; 50.5% female; 85.7% White, 9.9% Multiracial, 9.9% Hispanic) children (86% rural) completed a 20-minute physical activity condition (moderate intensity walking) and time-matched sedentary condition (reading and/or coloring) ~ 14 days apart. Immediately following each condition, participants completed a behavioral inhibition task and then eating behaviors (total energy intake, relative energy intake, snack intake) were measured during a multi-array buffet test meal. After adjusting for period and order effects, body fat (measured via DXA), and depressive symptoms, participants experienced significant small improvements in their behavioral inhibition following the physical activity versus sedentary condition (p = 0.04, Hedge's g = 0.198). Eating behaviors did not vary by condition, nor did improvements in behavioral inhibition function as a mediator (ps > 0.09). Thus, in preadolescent children, small improvements in behavioral inhibition from physical activity do not produce acute improvements in energy intake. Additional research is needed to clarify whether the duration and/or intensity of physical activity sessions would produce different results in this age group, and whether intervention approaches and corresponding mechanisms of change vary by individual factors, like age and degree of food cue responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole R Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Daniel M Swan
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Austin Folger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Gabriella M Luther
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Michael E Hahn
- Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1240 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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Dou X, Kim Y, Chu H. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, Mental Status, Social Status, Health Behavior, and Obesity Phenotypes in Korean Adolescents: 2016-2021. Foods 2023; 12:3304. [PMID: 37685235 PMCID: PMC10486969 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors play a role in increasing or decreasing the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. We analyzed the impact of physical activity (PA), dietary habits, and mental and socioeconomic status on MetS prevalence in 2143 (boys: 1113, girls: 1030, age: 13-18 years) Korean middle- and high-school students. Metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy normal weight were also evaluated. MetS occurred in 215 participants (10.0%), and boys had a higher MetS rate than girls. There was no significant difference in alcohol consumption and smoking experience between individuals with and those without MetS. The odds ratio (OR) for high-school students was 1.33 (95%CI, 1.001-1.789, p = 0.043) times that of middle-school students. Depression, low aerobic PA, and high sedentary time increased the ORs to 1.64 (95%CI, 1.059-2.539, p = 0.020), 1.52 (95%CI, 1.092-2.203, p = 0.003), and 1.86 (95%CI, 1.342-2.587, p < 0.001), respectively. Higher energy intake and low weekly breakfast consumption frequency yielded ORs of 1.46 (95%CI, 1.046-2.555, p = 0.025) and 1.70 (95%CI, 1.244-2.339, p = 0.011), respectively. Strength training, stress, suicidal ideation, dining out frequency, and household income did not impact MetS prevalence. Despite obesity, MetS decreased by 29.7% with high aerobic PA and 37.9% with high weekly breakfast consumption frequency. In conclusion, MetS risk was higher for men, individuals with depression, and high-school students. Low aerobic activity, high calorie intake, and low weekly breakfast consumption frequency increased MetS risk. Despite obesity, high aerobic activity, low sedentary time, and breakfast consumption was associated with lower MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Dou
- Department of Sports Welfare Education, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Chu
- Department of Forest Leisure Sprots, Gangneung Yeoungdong University, Gangneung 25521, Republic of Korea
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de Menezes LRD, E Souza RCV, Cardoso PC, Dos Santos LC. Factors Associated with Dietary Patterns of Schoolchildren: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112450. [PMID: 37299412 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of food consumption in childhood is essential to help understand the effect of food choices on health. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that identified the dietary patterns in schoolchildren (7-10 years old) and their associated factors. Observational studies published in the last ten years were searched in the databases BVS (Virtual Health Library), Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was adopted to evaluate the articles' quality. The studies covered schoolchildren, children, and adolescents as part of the sample. We selected 16 studies, 75% of which were considered good/very good and seven mentioned three food patterns. A dietary pattern considered unhealthy was identified in 93.75% of the studies, having as associated factors to its consumption: higher screen time, low bone mass, gain of weight and fat in children, and meal skipping. The children who usually had breakfast showed greater adherence to the dietary pattern consisting of healthier foods. The children's dietary patterns were related to their behavior, nutritional status, and family environment habits. Food and nutrition education's effective actions, as well as the regularization of the marketing of ultra-processed foods, must be stimulated and inserted in public policies as a way to promote and protect children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pollyanna Costa Cardoso
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil
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Khadem A, Shiraseb F, Mirzababaei A, Noori S, Mirzaei K. Association of Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity phenotypes among Iranian women: a cross sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:84. [PMID: 37076804 PMCID: PMC10114364 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Paradoxes have been found in obesity, including individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO), and diet may be one of the reasons for the creation of these metabolic phenotypes. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of the Mediterranean-DASH intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUHOW/O) phenotypes. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 229 overweight and obese women (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2) aged 18-48 years were examined. Anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters were collected from all participants. The body composition of each participant was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA). The MIND diet score was determined based on 15 components using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 items. Karelis criteria was used to determine metabolically healthy/unhealthy phenotype (MH/MUH). RESULTS Among the participants, 72.5% of individuals were identified as MUH and 27.5% as MH, with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 36.16 (8.33) years. The results of our analysis showed that after controlling for age, energy intake, BMI, and physical activity, there was no significant association observed between overweight/obesity phenotypes with tertile 2 (T2) (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 0.86-4.17, P-value = 0.10), T3 (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 0.86-4.17, P-value = 0.11) of MIND score, and only the odds of MUH relative to MH with a marginal significant decreasing trend was observed from the second to the third tertile (1.89 vs. 2.01) (P - trend = 0.06). Also, after additional adjustment for marital status, the nonsignificant association between overweight/obesity phenotypes with tertile 2 (T2) (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 0.89-5.10, P-value = 0.08), T3 (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 0.83-4.23, P-value = 0.12) of MIND score remained, and the odds of MUH relative to MH with a significant decreasing trend was observed with increasing tertiles (P-trend = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, no significant associations were found between adherence to MIND diet with MUH, and only a significant downward trend in the odds of MUH was observed with increasing tertiles. We suggest further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khadem
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Noori
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jansen EC, Burgess HJ, Chervin RD, Dolinoy D, Téllez-Rojo MM, Cantoral A, Olascoaga-Torres L, Lee J, Dunietz GL, O’Brien LM, Peterson KE. Sleep duration and timing are prospectively linked with insulin resistance during late adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:912-922. [PMID: 36847394 PMCID: PMC10033442 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether short sleep duration or later sleep timing is a risk factor for insulin resistance (IR) in late adolescence. METHODS Mexico City adolescents enrolled in a longitudinal birth cohort (ELEMENT) took part in two study visits during peri-puberty that occurred approximately 2 years apart. IR was assessed with serum glucose and insulin. Four groups were defined using puberty-specific cut points: no IR over the follow-up period, transition from normal to IR, transition from IR to normal, and IR at both time points. Baseline sleep assessments were measured with 7-day wrist actigraphy. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between sleep duration and timing with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance categories, adjusting for age, sex, and baseline pubertal status. RESULTS Adolescents who were ≥ 1 hour below the sleep duration recommendations-for-age were 2.74 times more likely to develop IR (95% CI: 1.0-7.4). Similarly, adolescents who were in the latest category of sleep midpoint (>4:33 a.m.) were more likely than those with earliest midpoints (1 a.m.-3 a.m.) to develop IR (odds ratio = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.0-6.7). Changes in adiposity over follow-up did not mediate sleep and IR. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient sleep duration and late sleep timing were associated with development of IR over a 2-year period in late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C. Jansen
- Sleep Disorders Center and Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Ronald D. Chervin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Dana Dolinoy
- Sleep Disorders Center and Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Libni Olascoaga-Torres
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Joyce Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Galit Levi Dunietz
- Sleep Disorders Center and Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Louise M. O’Brien
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- Sleep Disorders Center and Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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Salas-González MD, Lozano-Estevan MDC, Aparicio A, Bermejo LM, Loria-Kohen V, Ortega RM, López-Sobaler AM. Breakfast Quality and Insulin Resistance in Spanish Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1181. [PMID: 36673935 PMCID: PMC9859171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Breakfast has traditionally been considered one of the most important meals of the day; however, there is little evidence for the influence of breakfast quality and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to assess the quality of breakfast in a group of schoolchildren, and its association with IR. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 852 children (8−13 years) was carried out. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin and anthropometric parameters were measured. A three-day dietary record was used to assess their diet and to calculate the Breakfast Quality Index (BQI). The sample was divided into tertiles according to the BQI (tertile 3: better breakfast quality). The homeostatic model was used to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and IR was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.16. Results: The prevalence of IR was 5.2%. The mean BQI score was 4.50 ± 1.25, and boys had lower scores than girls. Children in the BQI tertile 3 had a better global diet quality. In boys, being in the BQI tertile 3 was associated with a lower risk of IR (OR [95% CI]: 0.10 [0.01−0.77], p < 0.05). Conclusions: A higher-quality breakfast was associated with better overall diet quality and a lower risk of IR, especially in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Salas-González
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Association between major dietary patterns and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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The effects of diet quality and dietary acid load on insulin resistance in overweight children and adolescents. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Caferoglu Z, Erdal B, Hatipoglu N, Kurtoglu S. The effects of diet quality and dietary acid load on insulin resistance in overweight children and adolescents. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022; 69:426-432. [PMID: 35817547 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the association of diet quality (DQ) and dietary acid load (DAL) with insulin resistance (IR) in overweight children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 135 overweight participants aged 6-17 years. DQ was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and the HEI-2015-TUBER, revised in accordance with the Turkey Dietary Guidelines (TUBER). Estimation of DAL was made calculating the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores. RESULTS The HEI-2015-TUBER score was lower in those with IR than in those without IR (p=0.021). Higher PRAL and NEAP scores were found in those with IR (p=0.060 and p=0.044, respectively). Moreover, a one-unit increase in the HEI-2015-TUBER score and the DAL score was associated with a reduction of 4.2% and a rise of approximately 3% in IR risk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Healthy eating habits in overweight paediatric groups may help to reduce the IR risk, improving DQ and decreasing DAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Caferoglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Busra Erdal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nihal Hatipoglu
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Selim Kurtoglu
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Suhett LG, Juvanhol LL, Silva MA, Ribeiro SAV, Hermsdorff HHM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, de Novaes JF. Interaction effect between breakfast skipping and sedentary behavior in the dietary inflammatory potential in Brazilian schoolchildren. Nutrition 2022; 102:111749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tatoli R, Lampignano L, Bortone I, Donghia R, Castellana F, Zupo R, Tirelli S, De Nucci S, Sila A, Natuzzi A, Lozupone M, Griseta C, Sciarra S, Aresta S, De Pergola G, Sorino P, Lofù D, Panza F, Di Noia T, Sardone R. Dietary Patterns Associated with Diabetes in an Older Population from Southern Italy Using an Unsupervised Learning Approach. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22062193. [PMID: 35336365 PMCID: PMC8949084 DOI: 10.3390/s22062193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dietary behaviour is a core element in diabetes self-management. There are no remarkable differences between nutritional guidelines for people with type 2 diabetes and healthy eating recommendations for the general public. This study aimed to evaluate dietary differences between subjects with and without diabetes and to describe any emerging dietary patterns characterizing diabetic subjects. In this cross-sectional study conducted on older adults from Southern Italy, eating habits in the “Diabetic” and “Not Diabetic” groups were assessed with FFQ, and dietary patterns were derived using an unsupervised learning algorithm: principal component analysis. Diabetic subjects (n = 187) were more likely to be male, slightly older, and with a slightly lower level of education than subjects without diabetes. The diet of diabetic subjects reflected a high-frequency intake of dairy products, eggs, vegetables and greens, fresh fruit and nuts, and olive oil. On the other hand, the consumption of sweets and sugary foods was reduced compared to non-diabetics (23.74 ± 35.81 vs. 16.52 ± 22.87; 11.08 ± 21.85 vs. 7.22 ± 15.96). The subjects without diabetes had a higher consumption of red meat, processed meat, ready-to-eat dishes, alcoholic drinks, and lower vegetable consumption. The present study demonstrated that, in areas around the Mediterranean Sea, older subjects with diabetes had a healthier diet than their non-diabetic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Tatoli
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (I.B.)
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (I.B.)
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Sarah Tirelli
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Sara De Nucci
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Annamaria Sila
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Annalidia Natuzzi
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 11, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Chiara Griseta
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Sabrina Sciarra
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Simona Aresta
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Unit of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Paolo Sorino
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (D.L.); (T.D.N.)
| | - Domenico Lofù
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (D.L.); (T.D.N.)
| | - Francesco Panza
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 11, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Tommaso Di Noia
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (D.L.); (T.D.N.)
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.T.); (R.D.); (F.C.); (R.Z.); (S.T.); (S.D.N.); (A.S.); (A.N.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
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12
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Stratakis N, Siskos AP, Papadopoulou E, Nguyen AN, Zhao Y, Margetaki K, Lau CHE, Coen M, Maitre L, Fernández-Barrés S, Agier L, Andrusaityte S, Basagaña X, Brantsaeter AL, Casas M, Fossati S, Grazuleviciene R, Heude B, McEachan RRC, Meltzer HM, Millett C, Rauber F, Robinson O, Roumeliotaki T, Borras E, Sabidó E, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Vineis P, Voortman T, Wright J, Conti DV, Vrijheid M, Keun HC, Chatzi L. Urinary metabolic biomarkers of diet quality in European children are associated with metabolic health. eLife 2022; 11:e71332. [PMID: 35076016 PMCID: PMC8789316 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary metabolic profiling is a promising powerful tool to reflect dietary intake and can help understand metabolic alterations in response to diet quality. Here, we used 1H NMR spectroscopy in a multicountry study in European children (1147 children from 6 different cohorts) and identified a common panel of 4 urinary metabolites (hippurate, N-methylnicotinic acid, urea, and sucrose) that was predictive of Mediterranean diet adherence (KIDMED) and ultra-processed food consumption and also had higher capacity in discriminating children's diet quality than that of established sociodemographic determinants. Further, we showed that the identified metabolite panel also reflected the associations of these diet quality indicators with C-peptide, a stable and accurate marker of insulin resistance and future risk of metabolic disease. This methodology enables objective assessment of dietary patterns in European child populations, complementary to traditional questionary methods, and can be used in future studies to evaluate diet quality. Moreover, this knowledge can provide mechanistic evidence of common biological pathways that characterize healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns, and diet-related molecular alterations that could associate to metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Stratakis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer and Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital CampusLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Anh N Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Yinqi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Chung-Ho E Lau
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer and Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital CampusLondonUnited Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Muireann Coen
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer and Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital CampusLondonUnited Kingdom
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZenecaCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | - Silvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | - Lydiane Agier
- Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Team of environmental epidemiology applied to reproduction and respiratory health, IABGrenobleFrance
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | | | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | | | - Barbara Heude
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université de Paris, Inserm, InraParisFrance
| | - Rosemary RC McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustBradfordUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher Millett
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Fernanda Rauber
- Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Eva Borras
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustBradfordUnited Kingdom
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud PúblicaMadridSpain
| | - Hector C Keun
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer and Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital CampusLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
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Strączek K, Horodnicka-Józwa A, Szmit-Domagalska J, Jackowski T, Safranow K, Petriczko E, Walczak M. Familial dietary intervention in children with excess body weight and its impact on eating habits, anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1034148. [PMID: 36531483 PMCID: PMC9751449 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1034148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is considered a civilisation disease which increases mortality and impairs quality of life, also among children and adolescents. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is steadily increasing in the developmental age population. Environmental factors are responsible for the main reason of excessive adipose tissue accumulation. Among these, poor eating habits and lack of exercise play the largest role. Familial prevalence of obesity and family dietary patterns also receive significant attention. Many specialists believe that the treatment of obesity should be multidirectional, effective and minimally invasive. Therefore, effective and safe methods are being investigated to effectively reduce body weight and improve eating habits. Dietary education programmes are an alternative to improve the health status of obese and overweight children and adolescents. To be fully effective, these programmes should involve the whole family. AIM OF THE STUDY In the face of constantly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in the developmental age population and the lack of effective methods to combat its occurrence, it seems appropriate to try to assess the effectiveness of a one-year-long dietary education of children and adolescents with excess body weight on their eating habits and the eating habits of their mothers, as well as selected anthropometric and biochemical parameters in these children using a simple educational tool, the Healthy Food Pyramid. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 68 children with overweight and obesity, patients of the Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. The study used a proprietary questionnaire to assess dietary habits. Patients participated in six individual educational meetings over a twelve-month period. Eating habits were assessed in children and mothers before and after dietary intervention. Sixty-seven questionnaires before and after the dietary intervention were used for analysis. RESULTS Sixty-eight children completed the study. Those who did not complete the study came from families living in rural areas and their mothers mostly had primary or vocational education. One-year dietary education resulted in significant improvements in body weight, waist and hip circumference, WHtR and selected measured carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters with the exception of total cholesterol. The one-year dietary intervention did not have the same effect on the change in dietary habits in children and in their mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Strączek
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Kamilla Strączek,
| | - Anita Horodnicka-Józwa
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Justyna Szmit-Domagalska
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jackowski
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Petriczko
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Walczak
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Identifying dietary patterns in Irish schoolchildren and their association with nutritional knowledge and markers of health before and after intervention. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:383-391. [PMID: 33054881 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify dietary patterns (DP) and examine differences in anthropometric measures, blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness and nutritional knowledge of 6- and 10-year-old children at baseline and following a nutrition and physical activity intervention, with respect to DP and treatment group. This is a longitudinal study. Food diary, nutritional knowledge questionnaire and 550-m walk/run test measured dietary intake, nutritional knowledge and cardiorespiratory fitness, respectively. BP, weight, height and waist circumference were also measured and BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were derived. All measurements were performed at baseline and following intervention. Two primary schools (one intervention, one control) in Cork, Ireland, were selected. Participants were 6- (n 39, age 5·9 (sd 0·6) years) and 10- (n 49, age 9·8 (sd 0·5) years)-year-olds. Two DP were identified, using k-means cluster analysis, for both 6- (unhealthy and nutrient-dense) and 10-year-olds (processed and Western diet) at baseline. DP derived post-intervention were (1) plant-based and (2) processed foods for 6-year-olds and (1) nutrient-dense and (2) unhealthy for 10-year-olds. There was no statistically significant difference in DP for 6- and 10-year-olds at baseline and post-intervention (P > 0·05). Following the intervention, a multivariate ANOVA showed there were no statistically significant differences in nutritional knowledge, BMI, WHtR, cardiorespiratory fitness and BP based on DP and intervention/control group for both age groups (P > 0·05). Three out of four dietary patterns identified for 6- and 10-year-olds were unfavourable. While no statistically significant evidence of intervention impact was found on DP, a positive trend was emerging among 10-year-olds.
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[Role of breakfast and its quality in the health of children and adolescents in Spain]. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:396-409. [PMID: 33724048 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eating breakfast is a healthy habit that should be encouraged since childhood. When it provides nutritional quality, it is an important daily meal. The consumption of dairy products, cereals, and fruits at breakfast is associated with healthier dietary patterns, with a beneficial impact on the overall quality of the diet. In Spain, as in many other countries, the proportion of children who eat breakfast daily is very high, decreasing somewhat in adolescence. However, the quality of breakfast leaves room for improvement, with a low proportion of children/adolescents with high nutritional quality breakfasts. Children/adolescents who eat breakfast regularly have a higher intake of various nutrients (especially vitamins and minerals) than those who do not eat breakfast. Although the evidence is not entirely conclusive, numerous studies have shown various benefits when comparing the population that eats breakfast regularly versus those who do not, such as cardiometabolic risk parameters (obesity, diabetes, blood pressure and lipid profile) and cognitive functions. Breakfast should be included in healthy eating plans, since it allows incorporating foods that are difficult to consume in other meals and may contribute to reducing the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. In order to promote the intake of a healthy breakfast, it is essential to act on the sociodemographic and cultural factors that influence compliance and quality, such as age, nutritional education (mainly parents and children/adolescents, but also other family members, school mates, friends...), carrying it out as a family, adapting it to the tastes of each population and balancing quality and costs.
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Rahimi H, Yuzbashian E, Zareie R, Asghari G, Djazayery A, Movahedi A, Mirmiran P. Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents. Nutr J 2020; 19:112. [PMID: 33012284 PMCID: PMC7534156 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity and its two important phenotypes, the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) are 10.9, 9.1, and 1.8%, respectively, among children and adolescents in Iran. Data on the link between diet quality indices and obesity phenotypes in children and adolescents is scarce. The present study aimed to assess the association of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score with MHO and MUO, as well as with cardiometabolic risk factors (RFs) in children and adolescents with excess weight. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 341 children and adolescents with excess weight aged 6-13 years, selected from primary schools of Tehran. The DASH score was determined based on eight components using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measures, insulin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and physical activity levels were collected. MUO was classified based on two definitions: having 2 or more cardiometabolic RFs, or being insulin resistant determined by a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥ 3.16. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MUO phenotypes and cardiometabolic RFs in each tertile of the DASH score after adjustment for confounders. RESULTS The mean ± SD for age and DASH score was 9.3 ± 1.7 years and 24.0 ± 4.9, respectively. The prevalence of MUO was 62.2% based on RFs, and 43.4% based on HOMA-IR. Participants in the highest tertile of the DASH score had significantly decreased odds for MUO based on HOMA-IR (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28-0.87) compared with those in the lowest tertile, after adjustment for confounders. However, there were no associations between the DASH score and any of cardiometabolic RFs, or MUO based on RFs (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.38-1.20). CONCLUSION The DASH score was inversely associated with MUO based on HOMA-IR, but not associated with MUO based on cardiometabolic RFs in this sample of children and adolescents. A DASH-style diet may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity among children and adolescents with excess weight. Universal definitions for MHO/MUO are required, and longitudinal studies recommended to shed light upon this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Rahimi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
| | - Emad Yuzbashian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
| | - Rahim Zareie
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
| | - Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran.
| | - Abolghassem Djazayery
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ariyo Movahedi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
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Association of dietary patterns with the newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and central obesity: a community based cross-sectional study. Nutr Diabetes 2020; 10:16. [PMID: 32499520 PMCID: PMC7272454 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-020-0120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of dietary patterns with the risk of insulin resistance (IR), diabetes mellitus (DM), and central obesity in China. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on 1432 participants, aged 40–65 years in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results Factor analysis extracted four major dietary patterns: vegetable-fruits, rice–meat, seafood–eggs, and sweet–fast. The vegetable-fruits pattern was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (p < 0.001 in both genders), while sweet–fast food pattern was significantly associated with higher HOMA-IR (p = 0.002 in male, and p < 0.001 in female). The vegetables–fruits pattern was inversely correlated with visceral fat area (VFA) (p = 0.029 in males, and p = 0.017 in females), while sweet–fast food pattern presented a significant direct association (p < 0.001 in male) with VFA in males. There was no association observed between the rice–meat pattern or the seafood–eggs pattern and HOMA-IR or VFA. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, participants in the highest tertile of vegetable-fruits pattern showed a significantly lower risk of DM in both males and females (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70 in male, and OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11–0.72 in female), and lower risk of central obesity was observed in males (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.86 in male). Conversely, participants in the highest tertile of sweet–fast food pattern had higher risk of DM (OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.23–5.88 in male), and central obesity (OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.67–4.86 in male) only in male. While neither the rice–meat pattern nor the seafood–eggs pattern showed significant association with DM or central obesity in both genders. Conclusions Our findings indicated low risk of IR, DM, and central obesity with vegetable-fruits pattern while inverse relation with sweet–fast food pattern.
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Noor S, Dehghan M, Lear SA, Swaminathan S, Ibrahim Q, Rangarajan S, Punthakee Z. Relationship between diet and acculturation among South Asian children living in Canada. Appetite 2020; 147:104524. [PMID: 31756412 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diet and South Asian ethnicity are both associated with early onset of cardiovascular risk factors. Among youth of South Asian origin, little is known about the role of culture in determining healthy dietary patterns. We aimed to assess dietary patterns and their relationships with acculturation to Western and traditional lifestyles among South Asian youth in Canada. METHODS The Research in Cardiovascular Health - Lifestyles, Environments and Genetic Attributes in Children and Youth (RICH LEGACY) study targeted South Asian children and adolescents aged 7-8 and 14-15 years in two Canadian cities. In this cross-sectional study, acculturation questionnaires and food frequency questionnaires were administered to assess the correlations between Western and traditional culture scores, immigration status (generation and length of residency) in Canada and intake frequency of various foods. RESULTS Among 759 youth, those who ate fruits and vegetables more often consumed dairy and whole grains more often (all r = 0.17-0.22, all p < 0.001), while those who ate fast food more often consumed meat, sweets and sugared drinks more often (all r 0.24-0.38, all p < 0.001). Traditional culture scores were weakly positively correlated with whole grain intake frequency (r = 0.12, p = 0.001), and negatively with meat intake frequency (r = -0.14, p < 0.001). Western culture scores positively correlated with high intake frequency of meat (r = 0.23, p < 0.001), fast food (r = 0.14, p < 0.001) and sweets (r = 0.14, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION Children who are more acculturated with Western lifestyle consumed foods associated with increased metabolic risk. However, whether this eating pattern translates into increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular diseases needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmi Noor
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Quazi Ibrahim
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Zubin Punthakee
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Ehrampoush E, Nazari N, Homayounfar R, Ghaemi A, Osati S, Tahamtan S, Hashempur MH, Bahmanyar M. Association between dietary patterns with insulin resistance in an Iranian population. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 36:45-52. [PMID: 32220368 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the association between dietary patterns no single food or group, and risk of insulin resistance (Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Fasting insulin, 2h-glucose, 2h-insulin and HOMA-IR). METHODS In a cross-sectional, population-based study in Tehran, Iran, 2016-2017. Adults (n = 1500, 38% men) mean age 43.72 ± 14.9 years. Dietary intake was collected by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and insulin resistance was evaluated by Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Fasting insulin, 2h glucose, 2h insulin and HOMA-IR. Associations were assessed by using correlation and multivariable linear regression. RESULTS After controlling of the confounding factor or possible underlying such as gender, age, menopausal, BMI, physical activity and the amount of daily energy intake, unhealthy dietary pattern had a positive relationship with all indexes of insulin resistance except 2h glucose and HOMA-IR, healthy dietary pattern had negative and significant relationship with indexes of insulin resistance but apart from 2h glucose. CONCLUSIONS It can be figured out that receiving diet rich in healthy foods might reduce the risk of creating insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ehrampoush
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Nazari
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Ghaemi
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeed Osati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Tahamtan
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Bahmanyar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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Does food insulin index in the context of mixed meals affect postprandial metabolic responses and appetite in obese adolescents with insulin resistance? A randomised cross-over trial. Br J Nutr 2019; 122:942-950. [PMID: 31182181 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The food insulin index (II) is a novel classification to rank foods based on their physiological insulin demand relative to an isoenergetic reference food and may be a valid predictor of postprandial insulin responses and appetite. The present study aimed to compare the postprandial metabolic responses and appetite sensations to two macronutrient- and glycaemic index-matched meals with either high or low II in obese adolescents with insulin resistance (IR). A randomised, single-blind and cross-over trial included fifteen obese adolescents aged 12-18 years with IR. All participants were provided with two different breakfasts: low glycaemic index, low insulin index (LGI-LII) and low glycaemic index, high insulin index (LGI-HII), with a 1-week washout period between meals. At time 0 (just before breakfast), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min after the meal, serum glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels and appetite scores were measured. At the end of 4 h, participants were served ad libitum lunch. Early (0-30 min), late (45-240 min) and total (0-240 min) postprandial insulin responses were lowered by 56·1, 34·6 and 35·6 % after the LGI-LII meal v. LGI-HII meal (P < 0·05). The feeling of hunger was also decreased by 25·8 and 27·5 % after the LGI-LII meal v. LGI-HII meal during the late and total responses (P < 0·05). The calculation II of meals or diets may be a useful dietary approach to reduce postprandial hyperinsulinaemia and the perceived hunger in obese adolescents with IR.
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Lundqvist M, Vogel NE, Levin LÅ. Effects of eating breakfast on children and adolescents: A systematic review of potentially relevant outcomes in economic evaluations. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:1618. [PMID: 31548838 PMCID: PMC6744840 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast is often described as the most important meal of the day. Several studies have focused on examining if breakfast habits have any short-term effects on school attendance, academic achievement, and general health in children and adolescents. Informed decisions of whether to promote eating breakfast or not require a more long-term perspective. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of scientific publications studying the effects identified as potentially relevant for the economic evaluation of eating breakfast in children and adolescents. DESIGN A systematic literature review was conducted. Studies were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO between January 2000 and October 2017. The inclusion criteria applied were published articles from peer-reviewed journals with full text in English, quantitative studies collecting primary data with school-aged children, and adolescents aged from 6 to 18 years as participants, performed entirely or partly in countries with advanced economies, except Japan and Taiwan. RESULTS Twenty-six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and studies that were judged to be of at least moderate quality were included in the analysis. The results of the review of eating breakfast studies showed positive and conclusive effects on cognitive performance, academic achievement, quality of life, well-being and on morbidity risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The overall assessment of the studies indicated positive effects of eating breakfast. How the identified effects influence societal costs and an individual's quality-adjusted life years require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lundqvist
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Ennab Vogel
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars-Åke Levin
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Indian Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines on the Fast and Junk Foods, Sugar Sweetened Beverages, Fruit Juices, and Energy Drinks. Indian Pediatr 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-019-1612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Rocha NP, Milagres LC, Filgueiras MDS, Suhett LG, Silva MA, de Albuquerque FM, Ribeiro AQ, Vieira SA, de Novaes JF. Association of Dietary Patterns with Excess Weight and Body Adiposity in Brazilian Children: The Pase-Brasil Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:52-59. [PMID: 31291415 PMCID: PMC6684177 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multifactorial disease and a serious public health problem. Some of the associated factors are modifiable and, among them, the diet is highlighted. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of dietary patterns of schoolchildren with obesity and body adiposity. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 378 children aged 8 and 9 years, enrolled in urban schools in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the children and their caregivers on sociodemographic characteristics and life habits. Three 24-hour food recalls were used to identify dietary patterns; the Principal Component Analysis was employed. Weight and height were measured for the calculation of the body mass index (BMI) of the children and their mothers, waist circumference and neck circumference. Body composition was also evaluated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). For all performed tests, the level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS Five dietary patterns (DP) were identified: "unhealthy", "snacks", "traditional", "industrialized" and "healthy". There was an association between excess weight (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.38, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.02 to 1.87) and body fat (PR: 1.32, 95%CI : 1.07 to 1.64) with industrialized DP. There was an association between excess body fat (PR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.74) and lower adherence to traditional DP. The other patterns were not associated with obesity and body adiposity. CONCLUSION Children with excess weight and body adiposity showed greater adherence to the industrialized DP and lower adherence to the traditional DP. We suggest that early assessments of dietary habits should be undertaken for monitoring and modifying these habits when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruna Pereira Rocha
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde - Universidade
Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG - Brazil
| | | | | | - Lara Gomes Suhett
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde - Universidade
Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG - Brazil
| | - Mariane Alves Silva
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde - Universidade
Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG - Brazil
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Karageorgou D, Magriplis E, Mitsopoulou A, Dimakopoulos I, Bakogianni I, Micha R, Michas G, Chourdakis M, Ntouroupi T, Tsaniklidou S, Argyri K, Panagiotakos D, Zampelas A, Fappa E, Theodoraki EM, Trichia E, Sialvera TE, Varytimiadi A, Spyreli E, Koutelidakis A, Karlis G, Zacharia S, Papageorgiou A, Chrousos G, Dedoussis G, Dimitriadis G, Manios I, Roma E. Dietary patterns and lifestyle characteristics in adults: results from the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS). Public Health 2019; 171:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Saeedi P, Shavandi A, Skidmore PML. What Do We Know about Diet and Markers of Cardiovascular Health in Children: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E548. [PMID: 30769798 PMCID: PMC6406429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main health concerns in the 21st century, with CVD as the number one cause of mortality worldwide. Although CVD hard endpoints such as stroke or heart attack do not usually occur in children, evidence shows that the manifestation of CVD risk factors begins in childhood, preceding clinical complications of CVD in adulthood. Dietary intake is a modifiable risk factor that has been shown to make a substantial contribution to the risk of CVD in adulthood. However, less is known about the association between dietary intake and markers of cardiovascular health in children. This review summarises the current evidence on the relationship between dietary intake and markers of cardiovascular health including traditional CVD risk factors, physical fitness, and indices of arterial stiffness and wave reflection in children. Original research published in English, between January 2008 and December 2018 fulfilling the objective of this review were screened and included. Findings show that adaptation of a healthy lifestyle early in life can be beneficial for reducing the risk of CVD later in life. Furthermore, keeping arterial stiffness low from a young age could be a potential CVD prevention strategy. However, limited studies are available on diet-arterial stiffness relationship in children, and future research is required to better understand this association to aid the development and implementation of evidence-based strategies for preventing CVD-related complications later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Saeedi
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter Unit-Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs (EIB), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Paula M L Skidmore
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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Fox C, Bernardino L, Cochran J, Essig M, Bridges KG. Inappropriate Use of Homeostasis Model Assessment Cutoff Values for Diagnosing Insulin Resistance in Pediatric Studies. J Osteopath Med 2018; 117:689-696. [PMID: 29084322 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2017.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Assessing pediatric patients for insulin resistance is one way to identify those who are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA) is a measure of insulin resistance based on fasting blood glucose and insulin levels. Although this measure is widely used in research, cutoff values for pediatric populations have not been established. Objective To assess the validity of HOMA cutoff values used in pediatric studies published in peer-reviewed journals. Methods Studies published from January 2010 to December 2015 were identified through MEDLINE. Initial screening of abstracts was done to select studies that were conducted in pediatric populations and used HOMA to assess insulin resistance. Subsequent full-text review narrowed the list to only those studies that used a specific HOMA score to diagnose insulin resistance. Each study was classified as using a predetermined fixed HOMA cutoff value or a cutoff that was a percentile specific to that population. For studies that used a predetermined cutoff value, the references cited to provide evidence in support of that cutoff were evaluated. Results In the 298 articles analyzed, 51 different HOMA cutoff values were used to classify patients as having insulin resistance. Two hundred fifty-five studies (85.6%) used a predetermined fixed cutoff value, but only 72 (28.2%) of those studies provided a reference that supported its use. One hundred ten studies (43%) that used a fixed cutoff either cited a study that did not mention HOMA or provided no reference at all. Tracing of citation history indicated that the most commonly used cutoff values were ultimately based on studies that did not validate their use for defining insulin resistance. Conclusion Little evidence exists to support HOMA cutoff values commonly used to define insulin resistance in pediatric studies. These findings highlight the importance of validating study design elements when training medical students and novice investigators. Using available data to generate population ranges for HOMA would improve its clinical utility.
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Kelishadi R, Heshmat R, Mansourian M, Motlagh ME, Ziaodini H, Taheri M, Ahadi Z, Aminaee T, Goodarzi A, Mansourian M, Qorbani M, Mozafarian N. Association of dietary patterns with continuous metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents; a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis: the CASPIAN-V study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:52. [PMID: 29988703 PMCID: PMC6029340 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the association of dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in children and adolescents. METHODS This nationwide study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 students aged 7-18 years, who lived in 30 provinces in Iran. The analysis was conducted based on the propensity score using a matched case-control study design. Three dietary patterns were obtained conducting a principal component analysis with a varimax rotation on 16 dietary groups. Continuous MetS score was computed by standardizing the residuals (z-scores) of MetS components by regressing them according to age and sex. The gold standard diagnosis of MetS was considered based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Moreover, for the purpose of data analysis, matched logistics analysis was used. RESULTS The study participants consisted of 3843 children and adolescents (response rate 91.5%) with mean (SD) age of 12.45 (3.04) years. Totally 49.4% of students were girls and 71.4% lived in urban areas. Three dietary patterns were obtained: Healthy, Western, and Sweet. Prevalence of MetS was 5% (boy 5.5 and girl 4.5%). Results of multivariate analysis show that students with Sweet dietary patterns were at higher risk for abdominal obesity (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01-1.66), elevated blood pressure (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.01-1.81) and MetS (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.02-1.74). The two other dietary patterns were not associated with MetS and its components. CONCLUSION Sweet dietary pattern increase the risk of MetS and some its components in Iranian children and adolescents. This finding provides valuable information for effective preventive strategies of MetS based on diet rather than medication to maintain healthy lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kelishadi
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Hasan Ziaodini
- Office of Health and Fitness, Ministry of Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majzoubeh Taheri
- Bureau of Population, Family and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Aminaee
- Bureau of Population, Family and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Goodarzi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mansourian
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Mozafarian
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Association between dietary pattern and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: a systematic review. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Rocha NP, Milagres LC, Longo GZ, Ribeiro AQ, Novaes JFD. Association between dietary pattern and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: a systematic review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017; 93:214-222. [PMID: 28238682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE This article followed the recommendations of PRISMA, which aims to guide review publications in the health area. The article search strategy included searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS. There was no date limitation for publications. The descriptors were used in English according to MeSH and in Portuguese according to DeCS. Only articles on dietary patterns extracted by the a posteriori methodology were included. The question to be answered was: how much can an "unhealthy" dietary pattern influence biochemical and inflammatory markers in this population? DATA SYNTHESIS The studies showed an association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic alterations. The patterns were characterized as unhealthy when associated to the consumption of ultraprocessed products, poor in fiber and rich in sodium, fat, and refined carbohydrates. Despite the associations, in several studies, the strength of this association for some risk markers was reduced or lost after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSION There was a positive association between "unhealthy" dietary patterns and cardiometabolic alterations in children and adolescents. Some unconfirmed associations may be related to the difficulty of assessing food consumption. Nevertheless, studies involving dietary patterns and their association with risk factors should be performed in children and adolescents, aiming at interventions and early changes in dietary habits considered to be inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruna Pereira Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Nutrição, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Luana Cupertino Milagres
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Nutrição, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Giana Zarbato Longo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Zamora-Gasga VM, Montalvo-González E, Loarca-Piña G, Vázquez-Landaverde PA, Tovar J, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG. Microbial metabolites profile during in vitro human colonic fermentation of breakfast menus consumed by Mexican school children. Food Res Int 2017; 97:7-14. [PMID: 28578066 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nutrition transition promotes the development of childhood obesity. Currently, Mexico is affected by this serious public health problem. The nutritional and functional characterization of a whole menu has a number of advantages over the study of single nutrients. Since breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day, this study aimed to evaluate the metabolite profile produced by in vitro human colonic fermentation of the isolated indigestible fraction (IF) from three different Mexican breakfast (M-B) menus (Modified "MM-B", traditional "TM-B", and alternative "AM-B"), previously identified as commonly consumed by Mexican schoolchildren in Nayarit State, Mexico. The M-B's consist of egg, corn tortilla, beans (higher in TM-B), sugar and chocolate powder (higher in AM-B) and milk, combined in different proportions. The IF in all breakfasts was about 4.7-5.6g/100g FW, with a relatively high content of protein (≈21%), which might have negative physiological implications. Fermentation of IF from TM-B resulted in the largest pH decrease after 72h (pH=6.07), with a low short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (0.75 to 47.23mmol/L), but greater relative concentration of other fatty acids (FA) (C7, C8, C9). Besides, 55 volatile compounds were detected in the fermentation media by SPME-GC-MS and three principal components (PC) were identified. PC1 was influenced by SCFA production, low FA esters production (<8C), and low volatile organic acids production. PC2 was influenced by the decrease in pH and an increase in antioxidant capacity (p<0.0001). These results suggest that the production of different metabolites in the luminal medium may affect the pH and antioxidant status in the colon. Fermentation of IF from TM-M, assessed after 48 and 72h, showed the highest correlation for PC2; the metabolic pattern registered for this IF maybe considered beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Manuel Zamora-Gasga
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av Instituto Tecnológico No 2595, Col Lagos del Country, CP 63175 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Efigenia Montalvo-González
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av Instituto Tecnológico No 2595, Col Lagos del Country, CP 63175 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Loarca-Piña
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, CP 76010, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Pedro Alberto Vázquez-Landaverde
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Querétaro, Cerro Blanco No. 141, Col Colinas del Cimatario, CP 76090, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Juscelino Tovar
- Food for Health Science Centre, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden
| | - Sonia G Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Av Instituto Tecnológico No 2595, Col Lagos del Country, CP 63175 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
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Kesztyüs D, Traub M, Lauer R, Kesztyüs T, Steinacker JM. Skipping breakfast is detrimental for primary school children: cross-sectional analysis of determinants for targeted prevention. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:258. [PMID: 28292281 PMCID: PMC5351158 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skipping breakfast was found to be associated with abdominal obesity in primary school children. The aim of this research was to examine factors associated with skipping breakfast in primary school children in order to develop targeted preventive measures. METHODS Baseline data assessment (2010) of a cluster-randomized controlled trial for the evaluation of a school-based health promotion program in primary school children in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Anthropometric measures of 1,943 primary school children aged 7.1 ± 0.6 years (51.2% boys) were conducted according to ISAK-standards (International Standard for Anthropometric Assessment) by trained staff. Further information on the health and living conditions of the children and their parents were assessed in parental questionnaires. Generalized linear mixed regression analysis was calculated to define correlates for skipping breakfast in terms of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS According to the final regression models, significant correlates of skipping breakfast can be divided into modifiable behavioral components (high consumption of soft drinks (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.81; 3.43), screen media (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.77; 3.46) and high levels of physical activity (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.44; 0.93)) on the one hand, and more or less static socio-economic factors (migration background (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.02; 3.91), single parenting (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.34; 3.40), and high family education level (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.28; 0.64)) on the other hand, and finally individual factors (female gender (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.03; 1.99) and having a percentage of body fat at or above the 95th percentile (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.00; 2.17)). CONCLUSION Targeted prevention should aim at health-related behaviors accompanying the habit of skipping breakfast. Focusing on vulnerable groups, characterized by not so easily modifiable socio-economic as well as individual factors, may improve results. Interventions should synergistically promote children's health and involve their parents in order to be successful. To reach all children and to avoid skipping breakfast, schools should offer regular breakfast at the start of a school day. Policy makers should support healthy eating habits at all times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Kesztyüs
- Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075, Ulm, Germany. .,Institute of General Medicine, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 20, D-89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Meike Traub
- Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Romy Lauer
- Division of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tibor Kesztyüs
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Arellano-Ruiz P, García-Hermoso A, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Salcedo-Aguilar F, Garrido-Miguel M, Solera-Martinez M. Trends in cardiometabolic parameters among Spanish children from 2006 to 2010: The Cuenca study. Am J Hum Biol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28120433 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the trends in cardiometabolic risk factors among schoolchildren in Cuenca, Spain, from 2006 to 2010. METHODS Data were taken from two cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2006 and 2010 among schoolchildren aged 8-12 years from 20 public schools in the province of Cuenca. The final sample consisted of 2148 participants with measured anthropometric variables, biochemical assessment, and blood pressure. RESULTS We observed an increase in mean serum total cholesterol (8.5 mg/dL and 10.7 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol (13.7 mg/dL and 17.3 md/dL), triglycerides (3.6 mg/dL and 2.6 md/dL), fasting insulin (1.2 µU/mL and 0.3 µU/mL) and HOMA-IR (0.2 and 0.02) and a decrease in mean serum HDL-cholesterol (4.4 mg/dL and 5.7 mg/dL), systolic blood pressure (3.8 mmHg and 5.4 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (0.8 mmHg and 2.0 mmHg) in both sexes. In girls, mean arterial pressure (3.2 mmHg) also decreased in this period. In addition, we found an increase in the prevalence of adverse total cholesterol concentration (≥200 mg/dL) (7.8% and 8.9%), HDL-cholesterol concentration (<40 mg/dL) (1.9% in boys and 3.5% in girls) and LDL cholesterol concentration (≥130mg/dL) (4.8% and 5.8%) in boys and girls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There has been a worsening of the lipid profile in schoolchildren from Cuenca, independent of weight status and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Arellano-Ruiz
- Centro de estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, España
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Centro de estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, España.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Centro de estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, España
| | - Montserrat Solera-Martinez
- Centro de estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, España.,Facultad de enfermería, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, España
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33
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Turner JB, Kumar A, Koch CA. The effects of indoor and outdoor temperature on metabolic rate and adipose tissue - the Mississippi perspective on the obesity epidemic. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2016; 17:61-71. [PMID: 27165258 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Global warming, primarily caused by emissions of too much carbon dioxide, and climate change is a reality. This will lead to more extreme weather events with heatwaves and flooding. Some studies propose an association between thermal exposures and the prevalence of obesity with an increasing trend towards time spent in the thermal comfort zone. Longterm exposure to the thermal comfort zone can lead to a reduction of brown adipose tissue activity with an impact on energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Reduced seasonal cold exposure in combination with reduced diet-induced thermogenesis by a highly palatable high-fat and high-sugar diet and reduced physical activity contribute to the prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Turner
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - C A Koch
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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34
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Blasetti A, Franchini S, Comegna L, Prezioso G, Chiarelli F. Role of nutrition in preventing insulin resistance in children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016; 29:247-57. [PMID: 26630690 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition during prenatal, early postnatal and pubertal period is crucial for the development of insulin resistance and its consequences. During prenatal period fetal environment and nutrition seems to interfere with metabolism programming later in life. The type of dietary carbohydrates, glycemic index, protein, fat and micronutrient content in maternal nutrition could influence insulin sensitivity in the newborn. The effects of lactation on metabolism and nutritional behavior later in life have been studied. Dietary habits and quality of diet during puberty could prevent the onset of a pathological insulin resistance through an adequate distribution of macro- and micronutrients, a diet rich in fibers and vegetables and poor in saturated fats, proteins and sugars. We want to overview the latest evidences on the risk of insulin resistance later in life due to both nutritional behaviors and components during the aforementioned periods of life, following a chronological outline from fetal development to adolescence.
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35
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Funtikova AN, Navarro E, Bawaked RA, Fíto M, Schröder H. Impact of diet on cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. Nutr J 2015; 14:118. [PMID: 26574072 PMCID: PMC4647337 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The manifestation of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and particularly obesity begins in children and adolescents, with deleterious effects for cardiometabolic health at adulthood. Although the impact of diet on cardiovascular risk factors has been studied extensively in adults, showing that their cardiometabolic health is strongly lifestyle-dependent, less is known about this impact in children and adolescents. In particular, little is known about the relationship between their dietary patterns, especially when derived a posteriori, and cardiovascular risk. An adverse association of cardiovascular health and increased intake of sodium, saturated fat, meat, fast food and soft drinks has been reported in this population. In contrast, vitamin D, fiber, mono-and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, dairy, fruits and vegetables were positively linked to cardiovascular health. The aim of this review was to summarize current epidemiological and experimental evidence on the impact of nutrients, foods, and dietary pattern on cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. A comprehensive review of the literature available in English and related to diet and cardiometabolic health in this population was undertaken via the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Medline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Funtikova
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Food and Nutrition PhD program, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estanislau Navarro
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rowaedh Ahmed Bawaked
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine PhD program, University of Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fíto
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
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