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Berasarte I, Bordagaray A, Garcia-Arrona R, Ostra M, Reis de Araujo W, Vidal M. Microscale titration of acetic acid using digital colorimetry and paper-based analytical devices. Talanta 2024; 276:126254. [PMID: 38759362 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A quantitative method for acid-base titrations in paper-based devices (PADs) is described to analyze acetic acid in vinegar samples. In this work, two different types of PADs were developed: a device for individual spot testing and a microfluidic device. Digital colorimetry was used as the detection method, and the images were acquired using a smartphone and a homemade box with LED lights for controlled image acquisition. Titration curves were built with just eight points, using the R channel based on the gradual color transition from red to blue of litmus, a natural indicator. The endpoint was accurately determined by second derivative calculations. Both systems were applied to fifteen vinegar samples of different types, and good concentration results were obtained in comparison to the reference method. The proposed methodology is simple, fast, environmentally friendly, and surpasses the need for calibration curve construction. Moreover, the subjective endpoint identification is eliminated, and the method was automated to provide a high throughput workflow, suitable for quality control processes and real-time measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Berasarte
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain; Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ane Bordagaray
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Rosa Garcia-Arrona
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miren Ostra
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
| | - William Reis de Araujo
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maider Vidal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
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2
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Dou J, Yang Z, Singh B, Ma B, Lu Z, Xu J, He Y. Discussion: Embracing microfluidics to advance environmental science and technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173597. [PMID: 38810741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidics, also called lab-on-a-chip, represents an emerging research platform that permits more precise and manipulation of samples at the microscale or even down to the nanoscale (nanofluidic) including picoliter droplets, microparticles, and microbes within miniaturized and highly integrated devices. This groundbreaking technology has made significant strides across multiple disciplines by providing an unprecedented view of physical, chemical, and biological events, fostering a holistic and an in-depth understanding of complex systems. The application of microfluidics to address the challenges in environmental science is likely to contribute to our better understanding, however, it's not yet fully developed. To raise researchers' interest, this discussion first delineates the valuable and underutilized environmental applications of microfluidic technology, ranging from environmental surveillance to acting as microreactors for investigating interfacial dynamic processes, and facilitating high-throughput bioassays. We highlight, with examples, how rationally designed microfluidic devices lead to new insights into the advancement of environmental science and technology. We then critically review the key challenges that hinder the practical adoption of microfluidic technologies. Specifically, we discuss the extent to which microfluidics accurately reflect realistic environmental scenarios, outline the areas to be improved, and propose strategies to overcome bottlenecks that impede the broad application of microfluidics. We also envision new opportunities and future research directions, aiming to provide guidelines for the broader utilization of microfluidics in environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Dou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhugen Yang
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Baljit Singh
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway and Health, Engineering & Materials Science (HEMS) Research Hub, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin), Dublin D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Bin Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijiang Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Geology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Jianming Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Shao Y, Li X, Qi X, Li J, Zhao S, Sun P, Wang H, Cheng Y, Zhang Z, Chen L, Zhang X, Zhu M. A graphene oxide-assisted protein immobilization paper-tip immunosensor with smartphone and naked eye readout for the detection of okadaic acid. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1314:342781. [PMID: 38876519 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Okadaic acid (OA), as a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, can increase the risk of acute carcinogenic or teratogenic effects for the ingestion of OA contaminated shellfish. At present, much effort has been made to graft immunoassay onto a paper substrate to make paper-based sensors for rapid and simple detection of shellfish toxin. However, the complicated washing steps and low protein fixation efficiency on the paper substrate need to be further addressed. RESULTS A novel paper-tip immunosensor for detecting OA was developed combined with smartphone and naked eye readout. The trapezoid paper tip was consisted of quantitative and qualitative detection zones. To improve the OA antigen immobilization efficiency on the paper substrate, graphene oxide (GO)-assisted protein immobilization method was introduced. Meanwhile, Au nanoparticles composite probe combined with the lateral flow washing was developed to simplify the washing step. The OA antigen-immobilized zone, as the detection zone Ⅰ, was used for quantitative assay by smartphone imaging. The paper-tip front, as the detection zone Ⅱ, which could qualitatively differentiate OA pollution level within 45 min using the naked eye. The competitive immunoassay on the paper tip exhibited a wide linear range for detecting OA (0.02-50 ng∙mL-1) with low detection limit of 0.02 ng∙mL-1. The recovery of OA in spiked shellfish samples was in the range of 90.3 %-113.%. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrated that the proposed paper-tip immunosensor could provide a simple, low-cost and high-sensitivity test for OA detection without the need for additional large-scale equipment or expertise. We anticipate that this paper-tip immunosensor will be a flexible and versatile tool for on-site detecting the pollution of marine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Shao
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, China
| | - Peiyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, China
| | | | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Longyu Chen
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Meijia Zhu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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Mohan B, Sasaki Y, Minami T. Paper-based optical sensor arrays for simultaneous detection of multi-targets in aqueous media: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1313:342741. [PMID: 38862204 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Sensor arrays, which draw inspiration from the mammalian olfactory system, are fundamental concepts in high-throughput analysis based on pattern recognition. Although numerous optical sensor arrays for various targets in aqueous media have demonstrated their diverse applications in a wide range of research fields, practical device platforms for on-site analysis have not been satisfactorily established. The significant limitations of these sensor arrays lie in their solution-based platforms, which require stationary spectrophotometers to record the optical responses in chemical sensing. To address this, this review focuses on paper substrates as device components for solid-state sensor arrays. Paper-based sensor arrays (PSADs) embedded with multiple detection sites having cross-reactivity allow rapid and simultaneous chemical sensing using portable recording apparatuses and powerful data-processing techniques. The applicability of office printing technologies has promoted the realization of PSADs in real-world scenarios, including environmental monitoring, healthcare diagnostics, food safety, and other relevant fields. In this review, we discuss the methodologies of device fabrication and imaging analysis technologies for pattern recognition-driven chemical sensing in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binduja Mohan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan; JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Chang J, Hu R, Zhang J, Hou T, Li F. Two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanozyme-mediated portable paper-based analytical device for dichlorophen assay. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116271. [PMID: 38583355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) nanozyme-mediated paper-based analytical devices (PADs) have shown great potential in portable visual determination of phenolic compounds in the environment. However, most MOF nanozymes suffer from poor dispersibility and block-like structure, which often prompts deposition and results in diminished enzymatic activity, severely hindering their environmental applications. Here, we proposed colorimetric PADs for the visual detection of dichlorophen (Dcp) based on its significant inhibitory effect on the two-dimensional (2D) MOF nanozyme activity. Specifically, we synthesized a 2D Cu TCPP (Fe) (defined as 2D-CTF) MOF nanozyme exhibiting excellent dispersibility and remarkable peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity, which could catalyze the oxidation and subsequent color change of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine even under neutral conditions. Notably, the POD-like activity of 2D-CTF demonstrated a unique response to Dcp because of the occupation of Fe-N4 active sites on the 2D-CTF. This property enables the use of 2D-CTF as a highly efficient catalyst to develop colorimetric PADs for naked-eye and portable detection of Dcp. We believe that the proposed colorimetric PADs offer an efficient method for Dcp assay and open fresh avenues for the advancement of colorimetric sensors for analyzing of phenolic toxic substances in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Chang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixian Hu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Hou
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Liu S, Zhang M, Chen Q, Ouyang Q. Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks Driven Three-Dimensional Folded Paper-Based Microfluidic Analysis Device for Chlorpyrifos Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38860923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) residues in food pose a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Herein, we propose a three-dimensional folded paper-based microfluidic analysis device (3D-μPAD) based on multifunctional metal-organic frameworks, which can achieve rapid quantitative detection of CPF by fluorescence-colorimetric dual-mode readout. Upconversion nanomaterials were first coupled with a bimetal organic framework possessing peroxidase activity to create a fluorescence-quenched nanoprobe. After that, the 3D-μPAD was finished by loading the nanoprobe onto the paper-based detection zone and spraying it with a color-developing solution. With CPF present, the fluorescence intensity of the detection zone gradually recovers, the color changes from colorless to blue. This showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of CPF, and the limits of detection were 0.028 (fluorescence) and 0.043 (colorimetric) ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, the 3D-μPAD was well applied in detecting real samples with no significant difference compared with the high-performance liquid chromatography method. We believe it has huge potential for application in the on-site detection of food hazardous substance residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
- Tea industry Research Institute, Fujian Eight Horses Tea Co., Ltd, Quanzhou 362442, PR China
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7
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Zarei A, Rezaei A, Shahlaei M, Asani Z, Ramazani A, Wang C. Selective and sensitive CQD-based sensing platform for Cu 2+ detection in Wilson's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13183. [PMID: 38851799 PMCID: PMC11162432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive Cu2+ intake can cause neurological disorders (e.g. Wilson's disease) and adversely affect the gastrointestinal, liver, and kidney organs. The presence of Cu2+ is strongly linked to the emergence and progression of Wilson's disease (WD), and accurately measuring the amount of copper is a crucial step in diagnosing WD at an early stage in a clinical setting. In this work, CQDs were fabricated through a facile technique as a novel fluorescence-based sensing platform for detecting Cu(II) in aqueous solutions, and in the serum samples of healthy and affected individuals by WD. The CQDs interact with Cu(II) ions to produce Turn-on and Turn-off states at nano-molar and micro-molar levels, respectively, with LODs of 0.001 µM and 1 µM. In fact, the Cu2+ ions can act like a bridge between two CQDs by which the charge and electron transfer between the CQDs may increase, possibly can have significant effects on the spectroscopic features of the CQDs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported research that can detect Cu(II) at low levels using two different complexation states, with promising results in testing serum. The potential of the sensor to detect Cu(II) was tested on serum samples from healthy and affected individuals by WD, and compared to results obtained by ICP-OES. Astonishingly, the results showed an excellent correlation between the measured Cu(II) levels using the proposed technique and ICP-OES, indicating the high potential of the fluorimetric CQD-based probe for Cu(II) detection. The accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, high precision, accuracy, and applicability of the probe toward Cu(II) ions make it a potential diagnostic tool for Wilson's disease in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zarei
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Aram Rezaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Shahlaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Asani
- Students Research Committee,, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
- The Convergent Sciences & Technologies Laboratory (CSTL), Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Sun XY, Zhang X, Gao K, Zhao WJ, Tian YT, Liu T, Lu ZL. A mitochondria-specific NIR fluorescence probe for dual-detection of sulfur dioxide and viscosity in living cells and mice. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 38829181 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00515e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The level of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and viscosity in mitochondria play vital roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Abnormalities in mitochondrial SO2 and viscosity are closely associated with numerous biological diseases. It is of great significance to develop novel fluorescence probes for simultaneous detection of SO2 and viscosity within mitochondria. Herein, we have developed a water-soluble, mitochondrial-targeted and near-infrared fluorescent probe, CMBT, for the simultaneous detection of SO2 and viscosity. The probe CMBT incorporates benzothiazolium salt as a mitochondrial targeting moiety and 7-diethylaminocoumarin as a rotor for viscosity detection, respectively. Based on the prompt reaction between nucleophilic HSO3-/SO32- and the backbone of the benzothiazolium salt derivative, probe CMBT displayed high sensitivity and selectivity toward SO2 with a limit of detection as low as 0.17 μM. As viscosity increased, the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process was restricted, resulting in fluorescence emission enhancement at 690 nm. Moreover, probe CMBT demonstrated exceptional mitochondrial targeting ability and was successfully employed to image variations of SO2 and viscosity in living cells and mice. The work highlights the great potential of the probe as a convenient tool for revealing the relationship between SO2 and viscosity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yi Sun
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang 033001, PR China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang 033001, PR China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang 033001, PR China.
| | - Yu-Ting Tian
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang 033001, PR China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang 033001, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceutics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing 100875, China.
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9
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Leal-Alves C, Deng Z, Kermeci N, Shih SCC. Integrating microfluidics and synthetic biology: advancements and diverse applications across organisms. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2834-2860. [PMID: 38712893 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01090b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is the design and modification of biological systems for specific functions, integrating several disciplines like engineering, genetics, and computer science. The field of synthetic biology is to understand biological processes within host organisms through the manipulation and regulation of their genetic pathways and the addition of biocontrol circuits to enhance their production capabilities. This pursuit serves to address global challenges spanning diverse domains that are difficult to tackle through conventional routes of production. Despite its impact, achieving precise, dynamic, and high-throughput manipulation of biological processes is still challenging. Microfluidics offers a solution to those challenges, enabling controlled fluid handling at the microscale, offering lower reagent consumption, faster analysis of biochemical reactions, automation, and high throughput screening. In this review, we diverge from conventional focus on automating the synthetic biology design-build-test-learn cycle, and instead, focus on microfluidic platforms and their role in advancing synthetic biology through its integration with host organisms - bacterial cells, yeast, fungi, animal cells - and cell-free systems. The review illustrates how microfluidic devices have been instrumental in understanding biological systems by showcasing microfluidics as an essential tool to create synthetic genetic circuits, pathways, and organisms within controlled environments. In conclusion, we show how microfluidics expedite synthetic biology applications across diverse domains including but not limited to personalized medicine, bioenergy, and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Leal-Alves
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1515 Ste-Catherine St. W, Montréal, QC, H3G1M8 Canada
| | - Zhiyang Deng
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1515 Ste-Catherine St. W, Montréal, QC, H3G1M8 Canada
| | - Natalia Kermeci
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada.
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada
| | - Steve C C Shih
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1515 Ste-Catherine St. W, Montréal, QC, H3G1M8 Canada
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W, Montréal, QC, H4B1R6 Canada
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10
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Bezinge L, Shih CJ, Richards DA, deMello AJ. Electrochemical Paper-Based Microfluidics: Harnessing Capillary Flow for Advanced Diagnostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401148. [PMID: 38801400 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based microfluidics has attracted much attention due to the promise of transforming point-of-care diagnostics by facilitating quantitative analysis with low-cost and portable analyzers. Such devices harness capillary flow to transport samples and reagents, enabling bioassays to be executed passively. Despite exciting demonstrations of capillary-driven electrochemical tests, conventional methods for fabricating electrodes on paper impede capillary flow, limit fluidic pathways, and constrain accessible device architectures. This account reviews recent developments in paper-based electroanalytical devices and offers perspective by revisiting key milestones in lateral flow tests and paper-based microfluidics engineering. The study highlights the benefits associated with electrochemical sensing and discusses how the detection modality can be leveraged to unlock novel functionalities. Particular focus is given to electrofluidic platforms that embed electrodes into paper for enhanced biosensing applications. Together, these innovations pave the way for diagnostic technologies that offer portability, quantitative analysis, and seamless integration with digital healthcare, all without compromising the simplicity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Bezinge
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A Richards
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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11
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Yan Y, Huang X, Yuan L, Tang Y, Zhu W, Du H, Nie J, Zhang L, Liao S, Tang X, Zhang Y. Single-step batch fabrication of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices with a 3D printer and their applications in nanoenzyme-enhanced visual detection of dopamine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05337-2. [PMID: 38780654 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Wax printing is the most widely used method for fabricating microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), but it still suffers from disadvantages like discontinuation of wax printers and need for additional equipment for heating treatment. To address these issues, this work initially describes a new class of wax printing approach for high-precision, batch fabrication of μPADs using a household 3D printer. It only involves a one patterning step of printing polyethylene wax into rice paper body. Under optimized parameters, a fabrication resolution, namely the minimum hydrophilic channel width, down to ~189 ± 30 μm could be achieved. In addition, the analytical applicability of such polyethylene wax-patterned μPADs was demonstrated well with enhanced colorimetric detection of dopamine as a model analyte by combining metal-organic framework (MOF) based nanoenzymes (ZIF-67) with a smartphone (for portable quantitative readout). The developed nanosensor could linearly detect dopamine over a concentration range from 10 to 1000 μM, with a detection limit of ca. 2.75 μM (3σ). The recovery results for analyzing several real samples (i.e., pig feed, chicken feed, pork and human serum) were between 91.82 and 102.79%, further validating its good detection accuracy for potential practical applications in food safety and medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueer Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyue Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hancong Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Nie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lang Zhang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 234 Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Liao
- Guilin Zhonghui Technology Development Co., Ltd., 13 Lushan Road, Guilin, 541100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Tang
- URIT Medical Electronic Co., Ltd., No.D-07 Information Industry District, High-Tech Zone, Guilin, 541100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Gomez-Dopazo GB, Agosto Nieves RJ, Albarracín Rivera RL, Colon Morera SM, Nazario DR, Ramos I, Dmochowski IJ, Lee D, Bansal V. Cellulose acetate microwell plates for high-throughput colorimetric assays. RSC Adv 2024; 14:15319-15327. [PMID: 38741966 PMCID: PMC11089462 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Single use plasticware (SUP) in scientific, diagnostic, and academic laboratories makes a significant contribution to plastic waste generation worldwide. Polystyrene (PS) microwell plates form a part of this waste. These plates are the backbone of high throughput colorimetric measurements in academic, research, and healthcare settings for detection/quantification of wide-ranging analytes including proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and enzyme activity. Polystyrene (PS) microwell plates serve as a platform for holding samples and reagents, where mixing initiates chemical reaction(s), and the ensuing color changes are quantified using a microplate reader. However, these plates are rarely reused or recycled, contributing to the staggering amounts of plastic waste generated in scientific laboratories. Here, we are reporting the fabrication of cellulose acetate (CA) microwell plates as a greener alternative to non-biodegradable PS plates and we demonstrate their application in colorimetric assays. These easy to fabricate, lighter weight, customizable, and environmentally friendly plates were fabricated in 96- and 384-well formats and made water impermeable through chemical treatment. The plates were tested in three different colorimetric analyses: (i) bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) for protein quantification; (ii) chymotrypsin (CT) activity assay; and (iii) alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity assay. Color intensities were quantified using a freely available smartphone application, Spotxel® Reader (Sicasys Software GmbH). To benchmark the performance of this platform, the same assays were performed in commercial PS plates too and quantified using a UV/Vis microplate reader. The two systems yielded comparable linear correlation coefficients, LOD and LOQ values, thereby validating the CA plate-cell phone based analytical method. The CA microwell plates, coupled with smart phone optical data capture, provide greener, accessible, and scalable tools for all laboratory settings and are particularly well-suited for resource- and infrastructure-limited environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela B Gomez-Dopazo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey 205 Ave. Antonio R Barcelo Cayey PR-00736 USA
| | - Renis J Agosto Nieves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey 205 Ave. Antonio R Barcelo Cayey PR-00736 USA
| | | | - Shaneily M Colon Morera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey 205 Ave. Antonio R Barcelo Cayey PR-00736 USA
| | - Daniel Rivera Nazario
- Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao CUH Station, 100 Road 908 Humacao PR-00791 USA
| | - Idalia Ramos
- Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao CUH Station, 100 Road 908 Humacao PR-00791 USA
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231S, 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering 220S, 33rd Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Vibha Bansal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey 205 Ave. Antonio R Barcelo Cayey PR-00736 USA
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13
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Farshchi F, Saadati A, Bahavarnia F, Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. Identification of acetaldehyde based on plasmonic patterns of a gold nanostructure conjugated with chromophore and H 2O 2: a new platform for the rapid and low-cost analysis of carcinogenic agents by colorimetric affordable test strip (CATS). RSC Adv 2024; 14:15755-15765. [PMID: 38752162 PMCID: PMC11094588 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02814g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde, a prevalent carbonyl compound in fermented foods, poses challenges in various applications due to its reactivity. This study addresses the need for efficient acetaldehyde detection methods across biotechnological, environmental, pharmaceutical, and food sectors. Herein, we present a novel colorimetric/UV spectrophotometric approach utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), particularly gold nano-flowers (AuNFs), for sensitive acetaldehyde identification. The method exhibits a notable sensitivity, detecting acetaldehyde at concentrations as low as 0.1 μM. The mechanism involves the interaction of acetaldehyde molecules with AuNFs, leading to a significant change in the absorbance spectrum, which serves as the basis for detection. Moreover, its applicability extends to human biofluids, notably urine samples. Integration with a cost-effective one-drop microfluidic colorimetric device (OD-μPCD) enables the development of an affordable test strip (CATS). This semi-analytical device, employing a multichannel OD-μPCD, facilitates real-time analysis of acetaldehyde in human samples. Our findings demonstrate the pioneering utilization of AuNPs for selective and sensitive acetaldehyde detection, promising advancements in environmental and occupational safety standards, and laying a foundation for enhanced detection and monitoring of related volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farshchi
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas Avenida Brasil No 4365-Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro 21040-900 Brazil
| | - Arezoo Saadati
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology Brno CZ-612 00 Czech Republic
| | - Farnaz Bahavarnia
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Nasrin Shadjou
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University Urmia Iran
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14
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Malik S, Singh J, Saini K, Chaudhary V, Umar A, Ibrahim AA, Akbar S, Baskoutas S. Paper-based sensors: affordable, versatile, and emerging analyte detection platforms. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2777-2809. [PMID: 38639474 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02258g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Paper-based sensors, often referred to as paper-based analytical devices (PADs), stand as a transformative technology in the field of analytical chemistry. They offer an affordable, versatile, and accessible solution for diverse analyte detection. These sensors harness the unique properties of paper substrates to provide a cost-effective and adaptable platform for rapid analyte detection, spanning chemical species, biomolecules, and pathogens. This review highlights the key attributes that make paper-based sensors an attractive choice for analyte detection. PADs demonstrate their versatility by accommodating a wide range of analytes, from ions and gases to proteins, nucleic acids, and more, with customizable designs for specific applications. Their user-friendly operation and minimal infrastructure requirements suit point-of-care diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and more. This review also explores various fabrication methods such as inkjet printing, wax printing, screen printing, dip coating, and photolithography. Incorporating nanomaterials and biorecognition elements promises even more sophisticated and sensitive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India.
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India.
| | - Kajal Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India.
| | - Vivek Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133203, Haryana, India.
| | - Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, USA
- STEM Pioneers Training Lab, Najran University, Najran 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- STEM Pioneers Training Lab, Najran University, Najran 11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Akbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, USA
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15
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Xiang J, Qi J, Hu D, Wang C, Wang L, Wu Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Wang X, Li B, Chen L. Molecularly imprinted metal-organic frameworks assisted cloth and paper hybrid microfluidic devices for visual detection of gonyautoxin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133969. [PMID: 38460257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Marine algal toxin contamination is a major threat to human health. Thus, it is crucial to develop rapid and on-site techniques for detecting algal toxins. In this work, we developed colorimetric cloth and paper hybrid microfluidic devices (μCPADs) for rapid detection of gonyautoxin (GTX1/4) combined with molecularly imprinted polymers. In addition, the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) composites were applied for this approach by their unique features. Guanosine serves as a dummy template for surface imprinting and has certain structural advantages in recognizing gonyautoxin. MOF@MIPs composites were able to perform a catalytic color reaction using hydrogen peroxide-tetramethylbenzidine for the detection of GTX1/4. The cloth-based sensing substrates were assembled on origami μPADs to form user-friendly, miniaturized colorimetric μCPADs. Combined with a smartphone, the proposed colorimetric μCPADs successfully achieved a low limit of detection of 0.65 μg/L within the range of 1-200 μg/L for rapid visual detection of GTX1/4. Moreover, the GTX1/4 of real shellfish and seawater samples were satisfactorily detected to indicate the application prospect of the μCPADs. The proposed method shows good potential in the low-cost, stable establishment of assays for the rapid detection of environmental biotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ji Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Die Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Chao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yixuan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Bowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Centre for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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16
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Zhang Z, Liu T, Dong M, Ahamed MA, Guan W. Sample-to-answer salivary miRNA testing: New frontiers in point-of-care diagnostic technologies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1969. [PMID: 38783564 PMCID: PMC11141732 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA), crucial non-coding RNAs, have emerged as key biomarkers in molecular diagnostics, prognosis, and personalized medicine due to their significant role in gene expression regulation. Salivary miRNA, in particular, stands out for its non-invasive collection method and ease of accessibility, offering promising avenues for the development of point-of-care diagnostics for a spectrum of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases. Such development promises rapid and precise diagnosis, enabling timely treatment. Despite significant advancements in salivary miRNA-based testing, challenges persist in the quantification, multiplexing, sensitivity, and specificity, particularly for miRNA at low concentrations in complex biological mixtures. This work delves into these challenges, focusing on the development and application of salivary miRNA tests for point-of-care use. We explore the biogenesis of salivary miRNA and analyze their quantitative expression and their disease relevance in cancer, infection, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also examined recent progress in miRNA extraction, amplification, and multiplexed detection methods. This study offers a comprehensive view of the development of salivary miRNA-based point-of-care testing (POCT). Its successful advancement could revolutionize the early detection, monitoring, and management of various conditions, enhancing healthcare outcomes. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Md. Ahasan Ahamed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
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17
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Yang M, Cao M, Zhang Z, Wang C. PCB-C 4D coupled with paper-based microfluidic sampling for the rapid detection of liquid conductivity. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2543-2555. [PMID: 38591249 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00198b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The detection of liquid electrical conductivity has board applications in food safety testing, water quality monitoring, and agricultural soil analysis. Electrodes used in traditional liquid electrical conductivity detection come into direct contact with liquid, leading to electrode contamination and affecting the accuracy of the detection results. The capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) method effectively addresses this issue. However, impurity particles present in the solution can compromise the consistency and repeatability of detection results. This study combines paper-based microfluidic technology with printed circuit board-capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (PCB-C4D) to address this issue. Prior to sample detection, in situ rapid filtration is employed to remove impurity particles from the raw solution sample, significantly enhancing detection consistency and reliability. Simultaneously, Optimization of PCB-C4D parameters, channel size, filtration time, and solution drop rate ensures optimal detection conditions. A compact kit design facilitates reliable assembly of the PCB-C4D electrodes and paper-based channel, enhancing practicality. Practical measurements on the conductivity of orange juice, cucumber, and soil solution further validate the method's accuracy, rapidity, and effectiveness in in situ conductivity detection. This work advances the practical application of PCB-C4D technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingpeng Yang
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Mingyi Cao
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Zhixuan Zhang
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 10083, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China.
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18
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Vaquer A, Adrover-Jaume C, Clemente A, Viana J, Rodríguez R, Rojo-Molinero E, Oliver A, de la Rica R. OriPlex: Origami-enabled multiplexed detection of respiratory pathogens. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116341. [PMID: 38677019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Origami biosensors leverage paper foldability to develop total analysis systems integrated in a single piece of paper. This capability can also be utilized to incorporate additional features that would be difficult to achieve with rigid substrates. In this article, we report a new design for 3D origami biosensors called OriPlex, which leverages the foldability of filter paper for the multiplexed detection of bacterial pathogens. OriPlex immunosensors detect pathogens by folding nanoparticle reservoirs containing different types of nanoprobes. This releases antibody-coated nanoparticles in a central channel where targets are captured through physical interactions. The OriPlex concept was demonstrated by detecting the respiratory pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) with a limit of detection of 3.4·103 cfu mL-1 and 1.4·102 cfu mL-1, respectively, and with a turn-around time of 25 min. Remarkably, the OriPlex biosensors allowed the multiplexed detection of both pathogens spiked into real bronchial aspirate (BAS) samples at a concentration of 105 cfu mL-1 (clinical infection threshold), thus demonstrating their suitability for diagnosing lower tract respiratory infections. The results shown here pave the way for implementing OriPlex biosensors as a screening test for detecting superbugs requiring personalized antibiotics in suspected cases of nosocomial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreu Vaquer
- Multidisciplinary Sepsis Group, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Adrover-Jaume
- Multidisciplinary Sepsis Group, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Clemente
- Multidisciplinary Sepsis Group, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julia Viana
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Rocío Rodríguez
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Estrella Rojo-Molinero
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto de la Rica
- Multidisciplinary Sepsis Group, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Sun J, Gong J, Gong L, Zhu C, Li-Yang L, Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang S, Liu S, Fu JJ, Xu P. High Manganese Content of Lipid NanoMn (LNM) by Microfluidic Technology for Enhancing Anti-Tumor Immunity. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:556. [PMID: 38675217 PMCID: PMC11054818 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a clinically effective method for treating tumors. Manganese can activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and induce an anti-tumor immune response. However, its efficacy is hindered by non-specific distribution and low uptake rates. In this study, we employed microfluidic technology to design and develop an innovative preparation process, resulting in the creation of a novel manganese lipid nanoparticle (LNM). The lipid manganese nanoparticle produced in this process boasts a high manganese payload, excellent stability, the capacity for large-scale production, and high batch repeatability. LNM has effectively demonstrated the ability to activate the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibit tumor development. Notably, LNM does not require combination chemotherapy drugs or other immune activators. Therefore, LNM presents a safe, straightforward, and efficient strategy for anti-tumor immune activation, with the potential for scalable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China; (J.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Lidong Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Chuanda Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Longhao Li-Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jingya Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.G.); (L.G.); (C.Z.); (L.L.-Y.); (J.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Silu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China; (J.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Ji-Jun Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China; (J.S.); (S.L.)
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20
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Li X, Wang H, Qi X, Ji Y, Li F, Chen X, Li K, Li L. PCR Independent Strategy-Based Biosensors for RNA Detection. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:200. [PMID: 38667193 PMCID: PMC11048163 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
RNA is an important information and functional molecule. It can respond to the regulation of life processes and is also a key molecule in gene expression and regulation. Therefore, RNA detection technology has been widely used in many fields, especially in disease diagnosis, medical research, genetic engineering and other fields. However, the current RT-qPCR for RNA detection is complex, costly and requires the support of professional technicians, resulting in it not having great potential for rapid application in the field. PCR-free techniques are the most attractive alternative. They are a low-cost, simple operation method and do not require the support of large instruments, providing a new concept for the development of new RNA detection methods. This article reviews current PCR-free methods, overviews reported RNA biosensors based on electrochemistry, SPR, microfluidics, nanomaterials and CRISPR, and discusses their challenges and future research prospects in RNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Haoqian Wang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Xin Qi
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Yi Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Fukai Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
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21
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Sharma M, Mazumder N, Ajayan PM, Deb P. Quantum enhanced efficiency and spectral performance of paper-based flexible photodetectors functionalized with two dimensional materials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:283001. [PMID: 38574668 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad3abf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Flexible photodetectors (PDs) have exotic significance in recent years due to their enchanting potential in future optoelectronics. Moreover, paper-based fabricated PDs with outstanding flexibility unlock new avenues for future wearable electronics. Such PD has captured scientific interest for its efficient photoresponse properties due to the extraordinary assets like significant absorptive efficiency, surface morphology, material composition, affordability, bendability, and biodegradability. Quantum-confined materials harness the unique quantum-enhanced properties and hold immense promise for advancing both fundamental scientific understanding and practical implication. Two-dimensional (2D) materials as quantum materials have been one of the most extensively researched materials owing to their significant light absorption efficiency, increased carrier mobility, and tunable band gaps. In addition, 2D heterostructures can trap charge carriers at their interfaces, leading increase in photocurrent and photoconductivity. This review represents comprehensive discussion on recent developments in such PDs functionalized by 2D materials, highlighting charge transfer mechanism at their interface. This review thoroughly explains the mechanism behind the enhanced performance of quantum materials across a spectrum of figure of merits including external quantum efficiency, detectivity, spectral responsivity, optical gain, response time, and noise equivalent power. The present review studies the intricate mechanisms that reinforce these improvements, shedding light on the intricacies of quantum materials and their significant capabilities. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the technical applicability of paper-based PDs has been discussed with challenges and future trends, providing comprehensive insights into their practical usage in the field of future wearable and portable electronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory (AFML), Department of Physics, Tezpur University, (Central University), Tezpur 784028, India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
| | - Pritam Deb
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory (AFML), Department of Physics, Tezpur University, (Central University), Tezpur 784028, India
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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22
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Silva-Neto HA, Jaime JC, Rocha DS, Sgobbi LF, Coltro WKT. Fabrication of paper-based analytical devices using stencil-printed glass varnish barriers for colorimetric detection of salivary α-amylase. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1297:342336. [PMID: 38438226 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing disposable paper-based devices has positively impacted analytical science, particularly in developing countries. Some benefits of those devices include their versatility, affordability, environmentally friendly, and the possibility of being integrated with portable electrochemical or colorimetric detectors. Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) comprising circular zones and microfluidic networks have been successfully employed in the analytical chemistry reign. However, the combination of the stencil-printing method and alternative binder has not been satisfactorily explored for fabricating colorimetric paper devices. RESULTS We developed PADs exploring the stencil printing approach and glass varnish as the hydrophobic chemical agent. As a proof-of-concept, the colorimetric assay of salivary α-amylase (sAA) was performed in saliva samples. Through the scanning electron microscopy measurements, it was possible to indicate satisfactory definitions between native fibers and barrier, and that the measured values for the channel width revealed suitable fidelity (R2 = 0.99) with the nominal widths (ranging from 400 to 5000 μm). The proposed hydrophobic barrier exhibited excellent chemical resistance. The analytical applicability for detecting sAA revealed linear behavior in the range from 2 to 12 U mL-1 (R2 = 0.99), limit of detection of 0.75 U mL-1, reproducibility (RSD ≤2.4%), recovery experiments ranged from 89 to 108% and AGREE response (0.86). In addition, the colorimetric analysis of sAA in four different saliva samples demonstrated levels ranging from 202 to 2080 U mL-1, which enabled monitoring the absence and presence of periodontitis. SIGNIFICANCE This report has presented the first use of a self-adhesive mask and glass varnish for creating circular zones and microfluidic architectures on paper without using thermic or UV curing treatments. Also, the proposed analytical methodology for detecting sAA exhibited suitable ecological impact considering the AGREE tool. We believe the proposed fabrication of paper devices emerges as a novel, simple, high-fidelity microfluidic channel and portable analytical approach for colorimetric sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habdias A Silva-Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jordana C Jaime
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Danielly S Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Livia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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23
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Ma H, Kinzer-Ursem TL, Linnes JC. Two-phase Porous Media Flow Model Based on the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equation. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5265-5273. [PMID: 38502904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Two-phase porous media flow is important in many applications from drug delivery to groundwater diffusion and oil recovery and is of particular interest to biomedical diagnostic test developers using cellulose and nitrocellulose membranes with limited fluid sample volumes. This work presents a new two-phase porous media flow model based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation. The model aims to address the limitations of existing methods by incorporating a partial saturation distribution in porous media to account for limited fluid volumes. The basic parameters of the model are the pore size distribution and the contact angle. To validate the model, we solved five analytical solutions and compared them to corresponding experimental data. The experimentally measured penetration length data agreed with the model predictions, demonstrating model accuracy. Our findings suggest that this new two-phase porous media flow model can provide a valuable tool for researchers developing fluidic assays in paper and other porous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tamara L Kinzer-Ursem
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jacqueline C Linnes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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24
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Moreira Naves DF, Dos Reis Feliciano C, Santos MG. Restricted double access ionic imprinted polymer for online extraction and determination of copper from milk samples via FIA-FAAS system. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1296:342308. [PMID: 38401938 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining metals in complex biological samples, such as milk, typically involves dry or wet decomposition. However, these techniques have limitations, including low selectivity, risk of contamination, and the use of large reagent volumes. To solve these problems, solid-phase extraction (SPE) using multifunctional sorbents has been extensively explored. In this context, this work proposed synthesizing a new restricted double access ionic imprinted polymer (RAIIP-BSA), for online SPE and determination of Cu2+ from untreated milk samples via flow injection analysis and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-FASS). RESULTS Firstly, the polymer was obtained by bulk polymerization using Cu2+ as a template, 4-vinyl pyridine as a functional monomer, and glycidyl methacrylate as a hydrophilic comonomer. Subsequently, it was covered with bovine serum albumin, creating the restricted double access barrier. The obtained material could exclude 97 % of the proteins from milk samples. RAIIP-BSA was chemically and physically characterized. The main extraction variables were optimized via multivariate optimization. The method showed good figures of merit, such as linearity ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 mg L-1, LoD and LoQ of 0.03 and 0.05 mg L-1, intra- and interday precision ranging from 0.73 to 4.14 % and 0.16-3.68 %, and an intra- and interday accuracy ranging from 97.0 to 115.0 % and 103.0-119.0 %, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE The developed method demonstrates the effective extraction of Cu2+ from untreated milk samples, exhibiting selectivity, high extraction capacity, prolonged sorbent (RAIIP-BSA) durability, simplicity, and swift operation. This method holds promise as an alternative to conventional metal analysis approaches in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daysla Fernanda Moreira Naves
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Dos Reis Feliciano
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Mariane Gonçalves Santos
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil.
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25
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Shykholeslami A, Ghavami R, Rasouli Z. Nanosized quantum dots-wrapped metallic particles ensembles integrated into filter disc-based analytical device for garlic evaluation. Application to monitor fake pickled garlic in balsamic vinegar. Food Chem 2024; 437:137809. [PMID: 37866344 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an affordable and simple analytical device is presented to portable identify of garlic in 30 min; the evaluation needs no pre-treatment of sample. The analytical device fabrication was did employing a headspace-based nanosensor array using of inexpensive materials as commercial filter discs, quantum dots (QDs), and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). The nanoarray is fabricated by the accumulation QDs on MNPs surface, that results in the production of ensembles of QDs/MNPs. The ensembles generate diverse colorimetric profiles as "fingerprints" regarding to each garlic sample. The volatile organosulfur compounds (OSCs) of garlic can prefer binding to the MNPs comparing with QDs. The color profiles can be displayed with a smartphone camera, which can be quantitatively distinguished by chemometrics approaches. The analytical device was used to assessment of fake pickled samples in balsamic vinegar. This device proves well potential for qualitative control of garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Shykholeslami
- Chemometrics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Raouf Ghavami
- Chemometrics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran.
| | - Zolaikha Rasouli
- Chemometrics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran.
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26
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Apoorva S, Nguyen NT, Sreejith KR. Recent developments and future perspectives of microfluidics and smart technologies in wearable devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1833-1866. [PMID: 38476112 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Wearable devices are gaining popularity in the fields of health monitoring, diagnosis, and drug delivery. Recent advances in wearable technology have enabled real-time analysis of biofluids such as sweat, interstitial fluid, tears, saliva, wound fluid, and urine. The integration of microfluidics and emerging smart technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and Internet of Things (IoT), into wearable devices offers great potential for accurate and non-invasive monitoring and diagnosis. This paper provides an overview of current trends and developments in microfluidics and smart technologies in wearable devices for analyzing body fluids. The paper discusses common microfluidic technologies in wearable devices and the challenges associated with analyzing each type of biofluid. The paper emphasizes the importance of combining smart technologies with microfluidics in wearable devices, and how they can aid diagnosis and therapy. Finally, the paper covers recent applications, trends, and future developments in the context of intelligent microfluidic wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikala Apoorva
- UKF Centre for Advanced Research and Skill Development(UCARS), UKF College of Engineering and Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India, 691 302
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kamalalayam Rajan Sreejith
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, Queensland, Australia.
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27
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Link JS, O'Donnell-Sloan J, Curdts S, Geiss BJ, Dandy DS, Henry CS. Multiplexed Capillary-Flow Driven Immunoassay for Respiratory Illnesses. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4111-4119. [PMID: 38417100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiplexed analysis in medical diagnostics is widely accepted as a more thorough and complete method compared to single-analyte detection. While analytical methods like polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) exist for multiplexed detection of biomarkers, they remain time-consuming and expensive. Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are an attractive option for point-of-care testing, and examples of multiplexed LFAs exist. However, these devices are limited by spatial resolution of test lines, large sample volume requirements, cross-reactivity, and poor sensitivity. Recent work has developed capillary-flow microfluidic ELISA platforms as a more sensitive alternative to LFAs; however, multiplexed detection on these types of devices has yet to be demonstrated. In the aftermath of the initial SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the need for rapid, sensitive point-of-care devices has become ever clearer. Moving forward, devices that can distinguish between diseases with similar presenting symptoms would be the ideal home diagnostic. Here, the first example of a multiplexed capillary-flow immunoassay device for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers is reported. From a single sample addition step, the reagents and washing steps required for two simultaneous ELISAs are delivered to spatially separated test strips. Visual results can be obtained in <15 min, and images captured with a smartphone can be analyzed for quantitative data. This device was used to distinguish between and quantify H1N1 hemagglutinin (HA) and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N-protein). Using this device, analytical detection limits of 840 and 133 pg/mL were obtained for hemagglutinin and nucleocapsid protein, respectively. The presence of one target in the device did not increase the signal on the other test line, indicating no cross-reactivity between the assays. Additionally, simultaneous detection of both N-protein and HA was performed as well as simultaneous detection of N-protein and human C-reactive protein (CRP). Elevated levels of CRP in a patient infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been shown to correlate with more severe outcomes and a greater risk of death as well. To further expand on the simultaneous detection of two biomarkers, CRP and N-protein were detected simultaneously, and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein did not interfere with the detection of CRP when both targets were present in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S Link
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - John O'Donnell-Sloan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1019, United States
| | - Sierra Curdts
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Brian J Geiss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David S Dandy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1019, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1019, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Metalluragy and Materials Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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28
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Tzianni EI, Sakkas VA, Prodromidis MI. Wax screen-printable ink for massive fabrication of negligible-to-nil cost fabric-based microfluidic (bio)sensing devices for colorimetric analysis of sweat. Talanta 2024; 269:125475. [PMID: 38039670 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Fabric-based microfluidic analytical devices (μADs) have emerged as a promising material for replacing paper μADs thanks to their superior properties in terms of stretchability, mechanical strength, and their wide scope of applicability in wearable devices or embedded in garments. The major obstacle in their widespread use is the lack of a technique enabling their massive fabrication at a negligible-to-nil cost. In response, we report the development of a wax ink with proper thixotropic and hydrophobic properties, fully compatible with automatic screen-printing that allows the one step massive fabrication of microfluidics on a cotton/elastane fabric, with a printing resolution 400 μm (hydrophilic channel) and 1000 μm (hydrophobic barrier), without being necessary any post curing. The cost of the ink (50 g) and of each microfluidic device is ca. 2.3 and 0.007 €, respectively. The active component of the ink was a refined beeswax in a matrix based on ethyl cellulose in 2-butoxy ethyl acetate. Screen-printed fabric μADs were used for the simultaneous colorimetric determination of pH and urea in untreated human sweat by using multivariate regression analysis. This method enabled the direct measurement of urea using urease, regardless of the sweat's pH, and shows strong agreement with a reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni I Tzianni
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45 110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasilios A Sakkas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45 110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mamas I Prodromidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45 110, Ioannina, Greece.
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29
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Aryal P, Hefner C, Martinez B, Henry CS. Microfluidics in environmental analysis: advancements, challenges, and future prospects for rapid and efficient monitoring. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1175-1206. [PMID: 38165815 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00871a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have emerged as advantageous tools for detecting environmental contaminants due to their portability, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and rapid response capabilities. These devices have wide-ranging applications in environmental monitoring of air, water, and soil matrices, and have also been applied to agricultural monitoring. Although several previous reviews have explored microfluidic devices' utility, this paper presents an up-to-date account of the latest advancements in this field for environmental monitoring, looking back at the past five years. In this review, we discuss devices for prominent contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, nutrients, microorganisms, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), etc. We cover numerous detection methods (electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescent, etc.) and critically assess the current state of microfluidic devices for environmental monitoring, highlighting both their successes and limitations. Moreover, we propose potential strategies to mitigate these limitations and offer valuable insights into future research and development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Claire Hefner
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Brandaise Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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30
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Lehnert T, Gijs MAM. Microfluidic systems for infectious disease diagnostics. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1441-1493. [PMID: 38372324 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00117f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms, encompassing both uni- and multicellular entities, exhibit remarkable diversity as omnipresent life forms in nature. They play a pivotal role by supplying essential components for sustaining biological processes across diverse ecosystems, including higher host organisms. The complex interactions within the human gut microbiota are crucial for metabolic functions, immune responses, and biochemical signalling, particularly through the gut-brain axis. Viruses also play important roles in biological processes, for example by increasing genetic diversity through horizontal gene transfer when replicating inside living cells. On the other hand, infection of the human body by microbiological agents may lead to severe physiological disorders and diseases. Infectious diseases pose a significant burden on global healthcare systems, characterized by substantial variations in the epidemiological landscape. Fast spreading antibiotic resistance or uncontrolled outbreaks of communicable diseases are major challenges at present. Furthermore, delivering field-proven point-of-care diagnostic tools to the most severely affected populations in low-resource settings is particularly important and challenging. New paradigms and technological approaches enabling rapid and informed disease management need to be implemented. In this respect, infectious disease diagnostics taking advantage of microfluidic systems combined with integrated biosensor-based pathogen detection offers a host of innovative and promising solutions. In this review, we aim to outline recent activities and progress in the development of microfluidic diagnostic tools. Our literature research mainly covers the last 5 years. We will follow a classification scheme based on the human body systems primarily involved at the clinical level or on specific pathogen transmission modes. Important diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria, will be addressed more extensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lehnert
- Laboratory of Microsystems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
| | - Martin A M Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
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31
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Yoon B, Tai KY, Thomas GM, Ow H, Chang S. Utilizing a Paper-Based Platform for Oilfield Applications: Time-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging and Detection of Interwell Chemical Tracers. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8239-8246. [PMID: 38405497 PMCID: PMC10882586 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemical tracers are indispensable tools for enhancing reservoir characterization and optimizing production processes in the oil and gas industry. Particularly, interwell water tracers provide key data for efficient water flood management and the improvement of production rates. However, the analysis of these water tracers within reservoir fluids is challenging, requiring laborious separation and extraction steps that often rely on complex instruments and skilled operators. Real-time analysis is especially problematic in remote areas with limited access to well-equipped laboratories. To address these challenges, we introduce a paper-based platform for the time-resolved fluorescence detection of dipicolinic acid (DPA) tracers complexed with terbium ion (Tb3+). Our innovation is driven by the need to simplify tracer analysis, make it portable, and enhance accessibility for oilfield applications. By leveraging the unique properties of cyclen-based macrocyclic ligands, we have achieved the stable and sensitive immobilization of Tb3+ on quartz microfilter paper, eliminating the need for extensive laboratory-based procedures. We achieve the stable and sensitive immobilization of Tb3+ on quartz microfilter paper by leveraging the unique properties of cyclen-based macrocyclic ligands. This innovation enables the formation of highly fluorescent, oil-blind, and optically detectable DPA-Tb3+ complexes at the paper surface. We visualize and capture these fluorescence signals using an intensified charge-coupled device camera via time gating, effectively suppressing undesirable fluorescence originating from crude oil. The quantification of DPA concentrations is achievable down to 158 ppb (9.45 × 10-7 M), as confirmed through time-resolved fluorescence microplate reader measurements. We also demonstrate the practicality of our technology by detecting DPA tracers in the presence of crude oil contamination, a common challenge encountered in oil production wells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Yoon
- Aramco Americas: Aramco
Research Center, Boston 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kiera Y. Tai
- Aramco Americas: Aramco
Research Center, Boston 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gawain M. Thomas
- Aramco Americas: Aramco
Research Center, Boston 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hooisweng Ow
- Aramco Americas: Aramco
Research Center, Boston 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sehoon Chang
- Aramco Americas: Aramco
Research Center, Boston 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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32
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Oday J, Hadi H, Hashim P, Richardson S, Iles A, Pamme N. Development and validation of spectrophotometric method and paper-based microfluidic devices for the quantitative determination of Amoxicillin in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24968. [PMID: 38318013 PMCID: PMC10839972 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing need for easy-to-use, low cost and portable quantitative assays to determine active pharmaceutical ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. Here, we developed a batch spectrophotometric method and a method employing a paper-based microfluidic device for the estimation of Amoxicillin (AMX) in pure solution and pharmaceutical preparations. The detection depends on the coupling reaction of Amoxicillin with diazotized sulfadimidine (DSDM) in an alkaline medium. The yellow azo dye reaction product was measured at λmax 425 nm and linearity was observed from 2 to 30 mg L-1 with a detection limit of 0.32 mg L-1 and a quantification limit of 1.2 mg L-1 was found. The reaction was then transferred onto the paper-based microfluidic device and a plateau change in color intensity was found above 10 mg L-1. Thus, the paper-based microfluidic device can be applied for the semi-quantitative determination of Amoxicillin in pure solution and commercial pharmaceutical products for rapid screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwan Oday
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hind Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Parween Hashim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Samantha Richardson
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Alexander Iles
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Pamme
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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Brazaca LC, Imamura AH, Blasques RV, Camargo JR, Janegitz BC, Carrilho E. The use of biological fluids in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs): Recent advances, challenges and future perspectives. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115846. [PMID: 38006702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The use of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for aiding medical diagnosis is a growing trend in the literature mainly due to their low cost, easy use, simple manufacturing, and great potential for application in low-resource settings. Many important biomarkers (proteins, ions, lipids, hormones, DNA, RNA, drugs, whole cells, and more) and biofluids are available for precise detection and diagnosis. We have reviewed the advances μPADs in medical diagnostics have achieved in the last few years, focusing on the most common human biofluids (whole blood/plasma, sweat, urine, tears, and saliva). The challenges of detecting specific biomarkers in each sample are discussed, along with innovative techniques that overcome such limitations. Finally, the difficulties of commercializing μPADs are considered, and future trends are presented, including wearable devices and integrating multiple steps in a single platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Hikari Imamura
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vieira Blasques
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Rocha Camargo
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
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Safarkhani M, Farasati Far B, Lima EC, Jafarzadeh S, Makvandi P, Varma RS, Huh Y, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, Rabiee N. Integration of MXene and Microfluidics: A Perspective. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:657-676. [PMID: 38241520 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The fusion of MXene-based materials with microfluidics not only presents a dynamic and promising avenue for innovation but also opens up new possibilities across various scientific and technological domains. This Perspective delves into the intricate synergy between MXenes and microfluidics, underscoring their collective potential in material science, sensing, energy storage, and biomedical research. This intersection of disciplines anticipates future advancements in MXene synthesis and functionalization as well as progress in advanced sensing technologies, energy storage solutions, environmental applications, and biomedical breakthroughs. Crucially, the manufacturing and commercialization of MXene-based microfluidic devices, coupled with interdisciplinary collaborations, stand as pivotal considerations. Envisioning a future where MXenes and microfluidics collaboratively shape our technological landscape, addressing intricate challenges and propelling innovation forward necessitates a thoughtful approach. This viewpoint provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the field while outlining future prospects for the integration of MXene-based entities and microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Safarkhani
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684611367, Iran
| | - Eder C Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Goncalves 9500, Caixa Postal 15003, Porto Alegre CEP 91501-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Shima Jafarzadeh
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation (CxI), Technical University of Liberec (TUL), Studentská 1402/2, Liberec 1 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - YunSuk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Sasaki Y, Lyu X, Kawashima T, Zhang Y, Ohshiro K, Okabe K, Tsuchiya K, Minami T. Nanoarchitectonics of highly dispersed polythiophene on paper for accurate quantitative detection of metal ions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5159-5166. [PMID: 38332791 PMCID: PMC10851342 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
π-Conjugated polymers such as polythiophene provide intramolecular wire effects upon analyte capture, which contribute to sensitive detection in chemical sensing. However, inherent aggregation-induced quenching causes difficulty in fluorescent chemical sensing in the solid state. Herein, we propose a solid-state fluorescent chemosensor array device made of a paper substrate (PCSAD) for the qualitative and quantitative detection of metal ions. A polythiophene derivative modified by dipicolylamine moieties (1poly), which shows optical changes upon the addition of target metal ions (i.e., Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Hg2+), was highly dispersed on the paper substrate using office apparatus. In this regard, morphological observation of the PCSAD after printing of 1poly suggested the contribution of the fiber structures of the paper substrate to the homogeneous dispersion of 1poly ink to suppress aggregation-induced quenching. The optical changes in the PCSAD upon the addition of metal ions was rapidly recorded using a smartphone, which was further applied to imaging analysis and pattern recognition techniques for high-throughput sensing. Indeed, the printed PCSAD embedded with 1poly achieved the accurate detection of metal ions at ppm levels contained in river water. The limit of detection of the PCSAD-based sensing system using a smartphone (48 ppb for Cu2+ ions) is comparable to that of a solution-based sensing system using a stationary spectrophotometer (16 ppb for Cu2+ ions). Therefore, the methodology based on a combination of a paper-based sensor array and a π-conjugated polymer will be a promising approach for solid-state fluorescent chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Xiaojun Lyu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawashima
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Kohei Ohshiro
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Kiyosumi Okabe
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Tsuchiya
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
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Pereira MG, Machado A, Leite A, Rangel M, Bordalo A, Rangel AOSS, Mesquita RBR. Microfluidic Paper-Based Device Incorporated with Silica Nanoparticles for Iodide Quantification in Marine Source Dietary Supplements. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1024. [PMID: 38339741 PMCID: PMC10857764 DOI: 10.3390/s24031024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient for humans due to its fundamental role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. As a key parameter to assess health conditions, iodine intake needs to be monitored to ascertain and prevent iodine deficiency. Iodine is available from various food sources (such as seaweed, fish, and seafood, among others) and dietary supplements (multivitamins or mineral supplements). In this work, a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) to quantify iodide in seaweed and dietary supplements is described. The developed μPAD is a small microfluidic device that emerges as quite relevant in terms of its analytical capacity. The quantification of iodide is based on the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iodine, which acts as the catalyst to produce the blue form of TMB. Additionally, powder silica was used to intensify and uniformize the colour of the obtained product. Following optimization, the developed μPAD enabled iodide quantification within the range of 10-100 µM, with a detection limit of 3 µM, and was successfully applied to seaweeds and dietary supplements. The device represents a valuable tool for point-of-care analysis, can be used by untrained personnel at home, and is easily disposable, low-cost, and user-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda G. Pereira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.P.); (A.O.S.S.R.)
| | - Ana Machado
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.); (A.B.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Andreia Leite
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Rangel
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Adriano Bordalo
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.); (A.B.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - António O. S. S. Rangel
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.P.); (A.O.S.S.R.)
| | - Raquel B. R. Mesquita
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.P.); (A.O.S.S.R.)
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Hilda L, Mutlaq MS, Waleed I, Althomali RH, Mahdi MH, Abdullaev SS, Singh R, Nasser HA, Mustafa YF, Alawadi AHR. Genosensor on-chip paper for point of care detection: A review of biomedical analysis and food safety application. Talanta 2024; 268:125274. [PMID: 37839324 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, paper-based biosensing has attracted considerable attention in numerous fields due to several advantages of them. To elaborate, using paper as a substrate of sensing approaches can be considered an affordable sensing approach owing to low cost of paper, and alongside that, the ability to operate without requiring external equipment. In many cases, cost-effective fabrication techniques such as screen printed and drop casting can be supposed as other benefits of these platforms. Despite the portability and affordability of paper-based assay, two important limitations including sensitivity and selectivity can decrease the application of these sensing approaches. Initially, decoration of paper substrate with nanomaterials (NMs) can improve the properties of paper due to high surface area and conductivity of them. Secondly, the presence of bioreceptors can provide a selective detection platform. Among different bioreceptors, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) can play a significant role. From this perspective, paper-based biosensors can be used for the detection of various gens which related to biomedical or food safety. In this review, we attempted to summarize recent trends and applications of paper-based genosensor, along with critical arguments in terms of NMs role in signal amplification. Furthermore, the lack of paper-based genosensors in field the of biomedical and food safety will be discussed in the following.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lelya Hilda
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Islam Negeri Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan, Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia.
| | - Maysam Salih Mutlaq
- Department of Radiology & Sonar Techniques, AlNoor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | | | - Raed H Althomali
- Department of Chemistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Arts and Science, Wadi Al-Dawasir, 11991, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sherzod Shukhratovich Abdullaev
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Scientific and Innovation Department, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed H R Alawadi
- Building and Construction Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic university, Najaf, Iraq
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Divya, Chandra P. Bioengineered cellulosic paper micro-device for serum albumin detection in clinical range. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128921. [PMID: 38141694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is becoming one of the major causes of morbidity and mortalities in 21st century. We have developed a bioengineered cellulosic paper device for the quantification of albumin (ALB) in physiological samples. The paper surface was activated and antibodies specific to target biomarker was immobilized on engineered paper surface. Every step after modification was characterized by FTIR, XPS, SPM and optical analysis. Further, the device model was designed using CAD file, and a 3-D cascade device was fabricated with in-built constant light source to provide proper and controlled environment for in-situ image analysis. After adding the sample on the bioengineered paper, the antigen-antibody reaction takes place, after that addition of dye results in change of color from yellow to blueish-green within 40 s. An optical method was employed for the analysis of the images by recognizing the specific area and the color intensity. Additionally, the immunosensor specificity was evaluated on number of molecules that are usually found in the serum sample. The linear dynamic range of the developed immunosensor has been reported to be 1-60 mg/mL, covering the normal as well as clinical range of ALB in physiological samples with a detection limit of 0.049(±0.002) mg/mL. With good precision and recovery, the device was able to successfully determine the ALB concentrations in serum sample. The developed device has simple and user-friendly interface and it may also help diagnosing CKD in personalized settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
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Chiou YR, Pang HM, Huang YF, Chen CF. A Semi-Automatic Environmental Monitoring Device for Mercury and Cobalt Ion Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303871. [PMID: 37817349 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
A syringe-based, semi-automatic environmental monitoring device is developed for on-site detection of harmful heavy metal ions in water. This portable device consists of a spring-embedded syringe and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane-based flow regulator for semi-automatic fix-and-release fluidic valve actuation, and a paper-based analytical device (PAD) with two kinds of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) for sensitive Hg2+ and Co2+ ion detection, respectively. The thickness of the elastic PDMS membrane can be adjusted to stabilize and modulate the flow rates generated by the pushing force provided by the spring attached to the plunger. Also, different spring constants can drastically alter the response time. People of all ages can extract the fix-volume sample solutions and then release them to automatically complete the detection process, ensuring high reliability and repeatability. The PAD comprises two layers of modified paper, and each layer is immobilized with bovine serum albumin-capped gold nanoclusters (R-AuNCs) and glutathione-capped gold clusters (G-AuNCs), respectively. The ligands functionalized on the surface of the AuNCs not only can fine-tune the optical properties of the nanoclusters but also enable specific and simultaneous detection of Hg2+ and Co2+ ions via metallophilic Au+ -Hg2+ interaction and the Co2+ -thiol complexation effect, respectively. The feasibility of the device for detecting heavy metal ions at low concentrations in various environmental water samples is demonstrated. The Hg2+ and Co2+ ions can be seen simultaneously within 20 min with detection limits as low as 1.76 nm and 0.27 µm, respectively, lower than those of the regulatory restrictions on water by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the European Union. we expect this sensitive, selective, portable, and easy-to-use device to be valid for on-site multiple heavy metal ion pollution screenings in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Chiou
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology, National Taiwan University, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ming Pang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology, National Taiwan University, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hou X, Cheng Q, Wang H. Self-cleaning paper-based microfluidic biosensor employing DNAzyme and semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube for copper ion detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108602. [PMID: 37972506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) offers a simple and efficient platform for point-of-care monitoring, which can be beneficial for copper determination in livestock feed and manure. However, common cellulose paper has excellent hydrophilicity, causing μPAD is accompanied by poor mechanical properties, short service life, and low sensitivity. Here, a self-cleaning paper-based microfluidic biosensor for Cu2+ determination was proposed to overcome the mentioned shortages in the application. Polymeric octadecyl trichlorosilane was synthesized and decorated on cellulose paper to form hydrophobic paper, which can improve the hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, and pollution ability. In addition, hydrophobic paper, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube, and DNAzyme through the chemical bond were employed to fabricate a self-cleaning paper-based microfluidic biosensor. The properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Raman, and electrochemical methods. The detecting parameters were also optimized. It could measure the Cu2+ concentration from 1 nM to 100 μM, and the detection limit was 0.65 nM. The self-cleaning paper-based microfluidic biosensor was applied to detect Cu2+ concentration in livestock feed and manure that can meet the requirements for fast screening and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Hou
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Qiongyi Cheng
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, No. 41, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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41
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Lou C, Yang H, Hou Y, Huang H, Qiu J, Wang C, Sang Y, Liu H, Han L. Microfluidic Platforms for Real-Time In Situ Monitoring of Biomarkers for Cellular Processes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307051. [PMID: 37844125 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular processes are mechanisms carried out at the cellular level that are aimed at guaranteeing the stability of the organism they comprise. The investigation of cellular processes is key to understanding cell fate, understanding pathogenic mechanisms, and developing new therapeutic technologies. Microfluidic platforms are thought to be the most powerful tools among all methodologies for investigating cellular processes because they can integrate almost all types of the existing intracellular and extracellular biomarker-sensing methods and observation approaches for cell behavior, combined with precisely controlled cell culture, manipulation, stimulation, and analysis. Most importantly, microfluidic platforms can realize real-time in situ detection of secreted proteins, exosomes, and other biomarkers produced during cell physiological processes, thereby providing the possibility to draw the whole picture for a cellular process. Owing to their advantages of high throughput, low sample consumption, and precise cell control, microfluidic platforms with real-time in situ monitoring characteristics are widely being used in cell analysis, disease diagnosis, pharmaceutical research, and biological production. This review focuses on the basic concepts, recent progress, and application prospects of microfluidic platforms for real-time in situ monitoring of biomarkers in cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hongru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ying Hou
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Haina Huang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, P. R. China
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Sousa LR, Guinati BGS, Maciel LIL, Baldo TA, Duarte LC, Takeuchi RM, Faria RC, Vaz BG, Paixão TRLC, Coltro WKT. Office paper and laser printing: a versatile and affordable approach for fabricating paper-based analytical devices with multimodal detection capabilities. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:467-479. [PMID: 38126917 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Multiple protocols have been reported to fabricate paper-based analytical devices (PADs). However, some of these techniques must be revised because of the instrumentation required. This paper describes a versatile and globally affordable method to fabricate PADs using office paper as a substrate and a laser printing technique to define hydrophobic barriers on paper surfaces. To demonstrate the feasibility of the alternatives proposed in this study, the fabrication of devices for three types of detection commonly associated with using PADs was demonstrated: colorimetric detection, electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry associated with a paper-spray ionization (PSI-MS) technique. Besides that, an evaluation of the type of paper used and chemical modifications required on the substrate surface are also presented in this report. Overall, the developed protocol was suitable for using office paper as a substrate, and the laser printing technique as an efficient fabrication method when using this substrate is accessible at a resource-limited point-of-need. Target analytes were used as a proof of concept for these detection techniques. Colorimetric detection was carried out for acetaminophen, iron, nitrate, and nitrite with limits of detection of 0.04 μg, 4.5 mg mL-1, 2.7 μmol L-1, and 6.8 μmol L-1, respectively. A limit of detection of 0.048 fg mL-1 was obtained for the electrochemical analysis of prostate-specific antigen. Colorimetric and electrochemical devices revealed satisfactory performance when office paper with a grammage of 90 g m-2 was employed. Methyldopa analysis was also carried out using PSI-MS, which showed a good response in the same paper weight and behavior compared to chromatographic paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R Sousa
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
- Laboratorio de Biosensores y Bioanálisis (LABB), Departamento de Química Biológica e IQUIBICEN - CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Barbara G S Guinati
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Lanaia I L Maciel
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Thaisa A Baldo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Lucas C Duarte
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Regina M Takeuchi
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38304-402, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C Faria
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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43
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Costa JNY, Pimentel GJC, Poker JA, Merces L, Paschoalino WJ, Vieira LCS, Castro ACH, Alves WA, Ayres LB, Kubota LT, Santhiago M, Garcia CD, Piazzetta MHO, Gobbi AL, Shimizu FM, Lima RS. Single-Response Duplexing of Electrochemical Label-Free Biosensor from the Same Tag. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303509. [PMID: 38245830 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Multiplexing is a valuable strategy to boost throughput and improve clinical accuracy. Exploiting the vertical, meshed design of reproducible and low-cost ultra-dense electrochemical chips, the unprecedented single-response multiplexing of typical label-free biosensors is reported. Using a cheap, handheld one-channel workstation and a single redox probe, that is, ferro/ferricyanide, the recognition events taking place on two spatially resolved locations of the same working electrode can be tracked along a single voltammetry scan by collecting the electrochemical signatures of the probe in relation to different quasi-reference electrodes, Au (0 V) and Ag/AgCl ink (+0.2 V). This spatial isolation prevents crosstalk between the redox tags and interferences over functionalization and binding steps, representing an advantage over the existing non-spatially resolved single-response multiplex strategies. As proof of concept, peptide-tethered immunosensors are demonstrated to provide the duplex detection of COVID-19 antibodies, thereby doubling the throughput while achieving 100% accuracy in serum samples. The approach is envisioned to enable broad applications in high-throughput and multi-analyte platforms, as it can be tailored to other biosensing devices and formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana N Y Costa
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Gabriel J C Pimentel
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Júlia A Poker
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Leandro Merces
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Waldemir J Paschoalino
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luis C S Vieira
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ana C H Castro
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Wendel A Alves
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Lucas B Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Lauro T Kubota
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Murilo Santhiago
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos D Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Maria H O Piazzetta
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angelo L Gobbi
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Flávio M Shimizu
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Renato S Lima
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-590, Brazil
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44
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Pornprom T, Phusi N, Thongdee P, Pakamwong B, Sangswan J, Kamsri P, Punkvang A, Suttisintong K, Leanpolchareanchai J, Hongmanee P, Lumjiaktase P, Jampasa S, Chailapakul O, Pungpo P. Toward the early diagnosis of tuberculosis: A gold particle-decorated graphene-modified paper-based electrochemical biosensor for Hsp16.3 detection. Talanta 2024; 267:125210. [PMID: 37717539 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) currently remains a major life-threatening disease as it can be fatal if not treated properly or in a timely manner. Herein, we first describe a disposable and cost-effective paper-based electrochemical biosensor based on a gold particle-decorated carboxyl graphene (AuPs/GCOOH)-modified electrode for detecting heat shock protein (Hsp16.3), which is a specific biomarker indicating the onset of TB infection. The device pattern was first engineered to facilitate detection procedures and printed on low-cost filter paper to create hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions using a wax printing technique. Immunoassays proceeded in a half-sandwich format because it is a reagent-less approach and requires no labeling step. The fabrication of the immunosensor began with GCOOH drop casting, the electrochemical deposition of AuPs, and the establishment of a biorecognition layer against Hsp16.3 utilizing 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-sulfo standard chemistry. The appearance of Hsp16.3 resulted in a substantial decrease in the electrochemical signal response of the redox probe employed [Fe (CN)6]3-/4- due to the created immunocomplexes that possess insulation properties. GCOOH enables direct antibody immobilization, and AuPs enhance the electrochemical properties of the sensor. This proposed immunosensor, while requiring only a miniscule sample volume (5 μL), achieved superior performance in terms of the limit of detection, measuring at 0.01 ng/mL. Our platform was confirmed to be highly specific to Hsp16.3 and can rapidly detect TB-infected sera without necessitating any pre-enrichment (20 min), making it an alternative and particularly suitable for the early diagnosis of TB in resource-scarce countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimpika Pornprom
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Naruedon Phusi
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Paptawan Thongdee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Bongkochawan Pakamwong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Jidapa Sangswan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Pharit Kamsri
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Auradee Punkvang
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Khomson Suttisintong
- National Nanotechnology Center, NSTDA, 111 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Poonpilas Hongmanee
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Putthapoom Lumjiaktase
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sakda Jampasa
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pungpo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand.
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45
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Yang D, Hu C, Zhang H, Geng S. Recent Developments in Paper-Based Sensors with Instrument-Free Signal Readout Technologies (2020-2023). BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38248413 PMCID: PMC10812998 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Signal readout technologies that do not require any instrument are essential for improving the convenience and availability of paper-based sensors. Thanks to the remarkable progress in material science and nanotechnology, paper-based sensors with instrument-free signal readout have been developed for multiple purposes, such as biomedical detection, environmental pollutant tracking, and food analysis. In this review, the developments in instrument-free signal readout technologies for paper-based sensors from 2020 to 2023 are summarized. The instrument-free signal readout technologies, such as distance-based signal readout technology, counting-based signal readout technology, text-based signal readout technology, as well as other transduction technologies, are briefly introduced, respectively. On the other hand, the applications of paper-based sensors with instrument-free signal readout technologies are summarized, including biomedical analysis, environmental analysis, food analysis, and other applications. Finally, the potential and difficulties associated with the advancement of paper-based sensors without instruments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Chengju Hu
- Health Management Center, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China;
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Shan Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China
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46
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Zhao X, Ding Z, Chen H, Xiao Y, Hou J, Huang L, Wu J, Hao N. Acoustofluidics-Assisted Multifunctional Paper-Based Analytical Devices. Anal Chem 2024; 96:496-504. [PMID: 38153375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) feature an economic and sensitive nature, while acoustofluidics displays contactless and versatile virtue, and both of them gained tremendous interest in the past decades. Integrating μPADs with acoustofluidic techniques provides great potential to overcome the inherent shortcomings and make appealing achievements. Here, we present acoustofluidics-assisted multifunctional paper-based analytical devices that leverage bulk acoustic waves to realize multiple applications on paper substrates, including uniform colorimetric detection, microparticle/cell enrichment, fluorescence amplification, homogeneous mixing, and nanomaterial synthesis. The glucose detection in the range of 5-15 mM was conducted to perform uniform colorimetric detection. Various types (brass powder, copper powder, diamond powder, and yeast cells) and sizes (5-200 μm) of solid particles and biological cells can be enriched on paper in a few seconds or minutes; thus, fluorescence amplification by 3 times was realized with the enrichment. The high-throughput and homogeneous mixing of two fluids can be achieved, and based on the mixing, nanomaterials (ZnO nanosheets) were synthesized on paper. We analyzed the underlying mechanisms of these applications in the devices, which are attributed to Faraday waves and Chladni patterns. With their simple fabrication and prominent effectiveness, the devices open up new possibilities for paper-based microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Hongqiang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaxuan Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Nanjing Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
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47
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Steijlen ASM, Parrilla M, Van Echelpoel R, De Wael K. Dual Microfluidic Sensor System for Enriched Electrochemical Profiling and Identification of Illicit Drugs On-Site. Anal Chem 2024; 96:590-598. [PMID: 38154077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have emerged as a new analytical tool for illicit drug detection to facilitate ultrafast and accurate identification of suspicious compounds on-site. Drugs of abuse can be identified using their unique voltammetric fingerprint at a given pH. Today, the right buffer solution is manually selected based on drug appearance, and in some cases, a consecutive analysis in two different pH solutions is required. In this work, we present a disposable microfluidic multichannel sensor system that automatically records fingerprints in two pH solutions (e.g., pH 5 and pH 12). This system has two advantages. It will overcome the manual selection of a buffer solution at the right pH, decrease analysis time, and minimize the risk of human errors. Second, the combination of two fingerprints, the superfingerprint, contains more detailed information about the samples, which enhances the selectivity of the analytical technique. First, real-time pH measurements proved that the sample can be brought to the desired pH within a minute. Subsequently, an electrochemical study on the microfluidic platform with 1 mM illicit drug standards of MDMA, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine showed that the characteristic voltammetric fingerprints and peak potentials are reproducible, also in the presence of common cutting agents. Finally, the microfluidic concept was validated with real confiscated samples, showing promising results for the user-friendly identification of drugs of abuse. In short, this paper presents a successful proof-of-concept study of a multichannel microfluidic sensor system to enrich the fingerprints of illicit drugs at pH 5 and pH 12, thus providing a low-cost, portable, and rapid identification system of illicit drugs with minimal user intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarijn S M Steijlen
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc Parrilla
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Robin Van Echelpoel
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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48
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Mishra P, Navariya S, Gupta P, Singh BP, Chopra S, Shrivastava S, Agrawal VV. A novel approach to low-cost, rapid and simultaneous colorimetric detection of multiple analytes using 3D printed microfluidic channels. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231168. [PMID: 38234445 PMCID: PMC10791535 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This research paper presents an inventive technique to swiftly create microfluidic channels on distinct membrane papers, enabling colorimetric drug detection. Using a modified DIY RepRap 3D printer with a syringe pump, microfluidic channels (µPADs) are crafted on a flexible nylon-based substrate. This allows simultaneous detection of four common drugs with a single reagent. An optimized blend of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dissolved in hexane is used to create hydrophobic channels on various filter papers. The PDMS-hexane mixture infiltrates the paper's pores, forming hydrophobic barriers that confine liquids within the channels. These barriers are cured on the printer's hot plate, controlling channel width and preventing spreading. Capillary action drives fluid along these paths without spreading. This novel approach provides a versatile solution for rapid microfluidic channel creation on membrane papers. The DIY RepRap 3D printer integration offers precise control and faster curing. The PDMS-hexane solution accurately forms hydrophobic barriers, containing liquids within desired channels. The resulting microfluidic system holds potential for portable, cost-effective drug detection and various sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Mishra
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sagar Navariya
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priyanshi Gupta
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Bhupendra Pratap Singh
- Liquid Crystal Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National United University, Miao-Li-360, Taiwan
| | - Samridhi Chopra
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Swapnil Shrivastava
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ved Varun Agrawal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
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49
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Rypar T, Bezdekova J, Pavelicova K, Vodova M, Adam V, Vaculovicova M, Macka M. Low-tech vs. high-tech approaches in μPADs as a result of contrasting needs and capabilities of developed and developing countries focusing on diagnostics and point-of-care testing. Talanta 2024; 266:124911. [PMID: 37536103 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analysis has captivated scientists' attention in the field of analytical chemistry and related areas for the last two decades. Arguably no other area of modern chemical analysis is so broad and diverse in its approaches spanning from simple 'low-tech' low-cost paper-based analytical devices (PADs) requiring no or simple instrumentation, to sophisticated PADs and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) featuring elements of modern material science and nanomaterials affording high selectivity and sensitivity. Correspondingly diverse is the applicability, covering resource-limited scenarios on the one hand and most advanced approaches on the other. Herein we offer a view reflecting this diversity in the approaches and types of devices. The core idea of this article rests in dividing μPADs according to their type into two groups: A) instrumentation-free μPADs for resource-limited scenarios or developing countries and B) instrumentation-based μPADs as futuristic POC devices for e-diagnostics mainly aimed at developed countries. Each of those two groups is presented and discussed with the view of the main requirements in the given area, the most common targets, sample types and suitable detection approaches either implementing high-tech elements or low-tech low-cost approaches. Finally, a socioeconomic perspective is offered in discussing the fabrication and operational costs of μPADs, and, future perspectives are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rypar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Bezdekova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pavelicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Vodova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mirek Macka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science and School o Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart TAS, 7001, Australia.
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50
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Zheng XT, Goh WP, Yu Y, Sutarlie L, Chen DY, Tan SCL, Jiang C, Zhao M, Ba T, Li H, Su X, Yang L. Skin-Attachable Ink-Dispenser-Printed Paper Fluidic Sensor Patch for Colorimetric Sweat Analysis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302173. [PMID: 37897264 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
In situ analysis of sweat biomarkers potentially provides noninvasive lifestyle monitoring and early diagnosis. Quantitative detection of sweat rate is crucial for thermoregulation and preventing heat injuries. Here, a skin-attachable paper fluidic patch is reported for in situ colorimetric sensing of multiple sweat markers (pH, glucose, lactate, and uric acid) with concurrent sweat rate tracking. Two sets of fluidic patterns-multiplexed detection zones and a longitudinal sweat rate channel-are directly printed by an automated ink dispenser from a specially developed ceramic-based ink. The ceramic ink thermal-cures into an impervious barrier, confining sweat within the channels. The ceramic-ink-printed boundary achieves higher pattern resolution, prevents fluid leakage, attains pattern thermal stability, and resistant to organic solvents. The cellulose matrix of the detection zones is modified with nanoparticles to improve the color homogeneity and sweat sensor sensitivity. The sweat rate channel is made moisture sensitive by incorporating a metal-salt-based dye. The change in saturation/color of the detection zones and/or channels upon sweat addition can be visually detected or quantified by a smartphone camera. A cost-effective way is provided to fabricate paper fluidic sensor patches, successfully demonstrating on-body multiplexed evaluation of sweat analytes. Such skin wearables offer on-site analysis, meaningful to an increasingly health-conscious population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ting Zheng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Peng Goh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yong Yu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Laura Sutarlie
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Der Ying Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sherwin Chong Li Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Changyun Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Te Ba
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis #16-16, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongying Li
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis #16-16, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaodi Su
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Le Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Republic of Singapore
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