1
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Zhang J, Ge Q. Recycling scale inhibitor wastes into pH-responsive complexes to treat wastewater produced from spent lithium-ion battery disposal. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121939. [PMID: 38901308 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A large amount of organophosphorus-containing wastewater is produced in spent lithium-ion battery disposal. Forward osmosis (FO) offers unique advantages in purifying this kind of wastewater if suitable draw solutes - the core of FO technology, are available. Herein we synthesize several pH-sensitive zinc complexes, namely ZnATMP-iNa (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4), from ZnSO4 and amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) (ATMP) obtained from scale inhibitor wastes for organophosphorus-containing wastewater remediation. Among these ZnATMP-iNa, ZnATMP-3Na best meets the standards of an ideal draw solute. This makes ZnATMP-3Na outperform other reported draw solutes. 0.6 M ZnATMP-3Na produces a water flux of 12.7 LMH, 136 % higher than that of NaCl and a solute loss of 0.015 g/L, lower than that of NH4HCO3 (0.83 g/L). In organophosphorus-containing wastewater treatment, ZnATMP-3Na has higher water recovery efficiency (8.3 LMH) and sustainability than NaCl and NH4HCO3, and is sufficient to handle large quantities of wastewater. Remarkably, the pH-responsive property allows ZnATMP-3Na to be readily recovered through pH-control and reused in FO. The ionic property, expanded cage-like structure and easy-recycling make ZnATMP-3Na achieve sustainable FO separation and superior to other draw solutes. This study provides inspiration for draw solute design from wastes and extends FO application to organophosphorus-containing wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, No.2 Xueyuan Road, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Qingchun Ge
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, No.2 Xueyuan Road, Fujian 350116, China.
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2
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Moon J, Kang H. Effect of cation alkyl chain length on 3-sulfopropylmethacrylate-based draw solutes having lower critical solution temperature. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8291-8298. [PMID: 36926002 PMCID: PMC10011973 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of change in alkyl chain length of cation in tributylalkylphosphonium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate ([P444#][C3S], # = 4, 6, and 8) ionic liquids (ILs) on their osmolality and recovery properties as the draw solute in the forward osmosis (FO) process. The ILs aqueous solutions exhibited a characteristic of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase separation, which allowed for the easy recovery of the draw solute or clean water from the diluted draw solution. The LCSTs of 31, 26, 22, and 18 °C were obtained from 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 wt% aqueous solutions of [P4446][C3S]. When deionized water, 2000 ppm NaCl solution, and 10.0 wt% orange juice aqueous solution were used as feed solution, the water fluxes of the aqueous [P4446][C3S] solutions were approximately 4.49, 3.87, and 1.55 LMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution mode at 7.5 wt% of draw solution. This study demonstrates the applicability of a thermoresponsive ionic structure material as a draw solute for the FO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Moon
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University 37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu Busan 49315 Republic of Korea +82 51 200 7728 +82 51 200 7720
| | - Hyo Kang
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University 37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu Busan 49315 Republic of Korea +82 51 200 7728 +82 51 200 7720
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3
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Reddy AS, Wanjari VP, Singh SP. Design, synthesis, and application of thermally responsive draw solutes for sustainable forward osmosis desalination: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137790. [PMID: 36626951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging sustainable desalination technology; however, it is not a stand-alone process and requires an additional step to recover the water or regenerate the draw solute (DS), making it energy extensive. Therefore, incorporating inexpensive energy sources for DS regeneration is a viable solution to compete with reverse osmosis desalination technology. Hence, selecting suitable DS and its regeneration became a crucial research focus in FO desalination. Among various DSs reported, thermally responsive DSs (TRDS) provide an opportunity to integrate low-grade energy sources for DS regeneration. Utilizing such inexpensive energy will reduce fossil fuel energy demand, lower the cost of desalination, and minimize the carbon footprint. Hence, this review explores the TRDS for FO-based desalination with its design, synthesis, and applications. The manuscript has discussed the classification and selection criteria for the DSs, and how traditional and new-generation TRDSs are designed and synthesized from cationic and anionic moieties of ionic liquids, hydrogels, and other chemicals. The manuscript has also given importance to design criteria such as osmotic strength, viscosity, toxicity, and thermal stability for TRDSs. Furthermore, a detailed discussion on the FO performance, energy, and economic aspects of TRDSs has been reviewed, along with a discussion on the possible low-grade energy sources for the recovery of TRDS. Finally, the challenges and future directions for TRDSs have been discussed to drive FO toward sustainable desalination technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sudharshan Reddy
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Vikram P Wanjari
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Swatantra P Singh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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4
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Moon J, Kang H. Anion Effect on Forward Osmosis Performance of Tetrabutylphosphonium-Based Draw Solute Having a Lower Critical Solution Temperature. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:211. [PMID: 36837713 PMCID: PMC9959785 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) as the draw solute in a forward osmosis (FO) system was investigated through a study on the effect of the structural change of the anion on the FO performance. This study evaluated ILs composed of tetrabutylphosphonium cation ([P4444]+) and benzenesulfonate anion ([BS]-), para-position alkyl-substituted benzenesulfonate anions (p-methylbenzenesulfonate ([MBS]-) and p-ethylbenzenesulfonate ([EBS-]), and methanesulfonate anion ([MS]-). The analysis of the thermo-responsive properties suggested that the [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] ILs have lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), which play a beneficial role in terms of the reusability of the draw solute from the diluted draw solutions after the water permeation process. At 20 wt% of an aqueous solution, the LCSTs of [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] were approximately 36 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The water flux and reverse solute flux of the [P4444][MBS] aqueous solution with higher osmolality than [P4444][EBS] were 7.36 LMH and 5.89 gMH in the active-layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode at osmotic pressure of 25 atm (20 wt% solution), respectively. These results indicate that the [P4444]+-based ionic structured materials with LCST are practically advantageous for application as draw solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyo Kang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7720; Fax: +82-51-200-7728
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5
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Zhao Q, Zhao DL. Thermoresponsive Magnetic Ionic Liquids as Forward Osmosis Draw Solutes for Seawater Desalination. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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6
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Cho Y, Kang H. Effect of the Alkyl Chain Length on Assessment as Thermo-Responsive Draw Solutes for Forward Osmosis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41508-41518. [PMID: 36406486 PMCID: PMC9670907 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of thermo-responsive tetrabutylphosphonium 1-alkanesulfonates (abbreviated as [P4444][C n S], n = 6, 8, 10, and 12), where n is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group on the 1-alkanesulfonate anion, were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction to investigate their potential ability toward the application of draw solutes in forward osmosis (FO). We systematically studied the recovery properties and FO performance of [P4444][C n S]. This series exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics, which offer a clear advantage of being energy-efficient for recovering draw solutes; however, [P4444][C6S] was only observed at 20 wt %. The LCSTs of the 20 wt % [P4444][C6S], [P4444][C8S], [P4444][C10S], and [P4444][C12S] draw solutions were approximately 83, 54, 49, and 56 °C, respectively. Moreover, when the orientation of the active layer was heading toward the draw solution (AL-DS mode), the water and reverse solute flux of [P4444][C10S] were about 1.58 LMH and 0.81 gMH, respectively, at 20 wt % aqueous solutions. When the membrane was used in the active layer facing the feed solution (AL-FS) system, the water and reverse solute flux of [P4444][C10S] were approximately 0.71 LMH and 0.38 gMH, respectively, at 20 wt % aqueous solutions. Thus, this study is the first to examine the structural transformations of the bulkier alkyl group on the sulfonate anion moiety and its feasibility as the new draw solute for the FO system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyo Kang
- . Tel.: +82 51 200 7720. Fax: +82 51 200 7728
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7
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Yang D, Cho Y, Kang H. Effects of the Structure of Benzenesulfonate-Based Draw Solutes on the Forward Osmosis Process. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1067. [PMID: 36363622 PMCID: PMC9696037 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) based on benzenesulfonate derivatives (tetrabutylphosphonium benzenesulfonate ([TBP][BS]), tetrabutylphosphonium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][MBS]), tetrabutylphosphonium 2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][DMBS]), and tetrabutylphosphonium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][TMBS])) were synthesized via anion exchange with tetrabutylphosphonium bromide ([TBP][Br]). Then, we characterized the ILs and investigated their suitability as draw solutes for forward osmosis (FO), focusing on their thermoresponsive properties, conductivities, and osmotic pressures. We found that aqueous [TBP][BS] was not thermoresponsive, but 20 wt% aqueous [TBP][MBS], [TBP][DMBS], and [TBP][TMBS] had lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of approximately 41, 25, and 21 °C, respectively, enabling their easy recovery using waste heat. Based on these findings, 20 wt% aqueous [TBP][DMBS] was tested for its FO performance, and the water and reverse solute fluxes were found to be approximately 9.29 LMH and 1.37 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode and 4.64 LMH and 0.37 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the feed solution (AL-FS) mode. Thus, these tetrabutylphosphonium benzenesulfonate-based LCST-type ILs are suitable for drawing solutes for FO process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyo Kang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7720; Fax: +82-51-200-7728
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8
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Cho Y, Kang H. Influence of the anionic structure and central atom of a cation on the properties of LCST-type draw solutes for forward osmosis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29405-29413. [PMID: 36320770 PMCID: PMC9557740 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-responsive ionic compounds were synthesized to examine if they have a powerful ability to draw solutes for forward osmosis (FO). The investigated compounds were tetrabutylammonium benzenesulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium benzenesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium 2-naphthalenesulfonate, and tetrabutylphosphonium 2-naphthalenesulfonate (abbreviated as [N4444][BS], [P4444][BS], [N4444][NS], and [P4444][NS]). The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics of the materials that formed the monocyclic aromatic compound [BS] were not confirmed; however, the LCSTs of others that formed the bicyclic aromatic compound [NS] were confirmed to be approximately 37 °C ([N4444][NS]) and 19 °C ([P4444][NS]) at 20 wt% in aqueous solutions; this is valued in reducing the energy required for recovery of the draw solute. In addition, it suggests that ammonium-based ionic compounds have a higher recovery temperature than phosphonium-based ionic compounds. When an active layer was oriented to a draw solution (AL-DS mode) and using 20 wt% aqueous [N4444][NS] draw solution at room temperature, water and reverse solute fluxes were about 3.07 LMH and 0.58 gMH, respectively. Thus, this is the first study to investigate structural transformations of the anion and central atom of the cation and to examine prospective draw solutes of the FO system in this series. Thermo-responsive ionic compounds having lower critical solution temperature were utilized as a draw solute for eco-sustainable forward osmosis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsu Cho
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-Gil, Saha-GuBusan 49315Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kang
- BK-21 Four Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University37 Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-Gil, Saha-GuBusan 49315Republic of Korea
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9
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Solvent-driven aqueous separations for hypersaline brine concentration and resource recovery. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Xu Y, Wang YN, Chong JY, Wang R. Thermo-responsive nonionic amphiphilic copolymers as draw solutes in forward osmosis process for high-salinity water reclamation. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118768. [PMID: 35752097 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, thermo-responsive nonionic amphiphilic copolymers have shown a great potential as forward osmosis (FO) draw solutes for high-salinity water desalination and zero-liquid discharge (ZLD). However, the relationship between the copolymer structural properties and key characteristics as draw solutes, as well as copolymer's chemical stability after regeneration have not been much studied. In this work, we systematically investigated poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (propylene oxide)-block-poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) copolymers as draw solute. The results showed that the PEO segments significantly influenced the viscosity, osmotic pressure and lowest phase separation temperature of the copolymer aqueous solutions. Among four commercial copolymers studied, Pluronic® L35 with moderate molecular weight (Mn 1,900 Da), 50% PEO, and relatively high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) showed the best draw solution (DS) performance. It also showed great stability in physiochemical properties and draw capacity after more than ten cycles of regeneration. On the other hand, despite the fact that membrane fouling was observed due to the use of copolymer DS, the FO flux (∼1.2 L m‒2 h‒1, as similar with the virgin membrane) was not affected when high-salinity feedwater such as seawater RO brine was applied. Overall, our study has provided a more comprehensive understanding on the characteristics of nonionic amphiphilic copolymer DS and showcased the promise of copolymer-driven FO process in high-salinity water desalination and ZLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Xu
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Yi-Ning Wang
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Jeng Yi Chong
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Rong Wang
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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11
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Stoy L, Kulkarni Y, Huang CH. Optimization of Iron Removal in the Recovery of Rare-Earth Elements from Coal Fly Ash Using a Recyclable Ionic Liquid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5150-5160. [PMID: 35380811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth elements (REEs) are essential for modern technologies, and the United States currently lacks a secure domestic supply. Coal combustion residuals, specifically coal fly ash (CFA), can be a potential source. Our previous work demonstrated that REEs could be preferentially extracted from CFA using the ionic liquid (IL) betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Hbet][Tf2N]), and the process yielded a mildly acidic REE-rich solution with coextracted Fe and regenerated IL. In this study, we investigated three strategies to limit Fe coextraction: magnetic separation, complexing salts, and ascorbic acid (AA) reduction. Magnetic separation of CFA was ineffective in significantly lowering the Fe content in the IL phase. When NaCl was used instead of NaNO3 during extraction, chloride complexation lowered iron distribution to the IL phase over the aqueous phase (DFe) by five folds, from ∼75 to ∼14, while REE leaching (LREEs) and recovery (RREEs) both increased. Using AA for iron reduction lowered the overall amount of Fe extracted and further decreased DFe to ∼0.16, effectively shifting Fe preference from the IL phase to the aqueous phase. Combining the strategies of NaCl, AA, and supplemental betaine addition, leaching and extraction of REEs from CFA by [Hbet][Tf2N] were achieved in higher efficiency for REE recovery with minimized Fe concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stoy
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yamini Kulkarni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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12
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Wu S, An Y, Lu J, Yu Q, He Z. EDTA-Na 2 as a recoverable draw solute for water extraction in forward osmosis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112521. [PMID: 34902380 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration and reuse of draw solute (DS) is a key challenge in the application of forward osmosis (FO) technologies. Herein, EDTA-Na2 was studied as a recoverable DS for water extraction by taking advantages of its pH-responsive property. The FO system using EDTA DS achieved a higher water flux of 2.22 ± 0.06 L m-2 h-1 and a significantly lower reverse salt flux (RSF) of 0.06 ± 0.01 g m-2 h-1, compared to that with NaCl DS having either the same DS concentration or the same Na+ concentration. The suitable pH range for the application of EDTA DS was between 4.0 and 10.5. A simple recovery method via combined pH adjustment and microfiltration was employed to recover EDTA DS and could achieve the recovery efficiency (at pH 2) of 96.26 ± 0.48%, 97.13 ± 1.03% and 98.56 ± 1.40% by using H2SO4, H3PO4 and HCl, respectively. The lowest acid cost for DS recovery was estimated from 0.0012 ± 0.0001 to 0.0162 ± 0.0003 $ g-1 by using H2SO4. The recovered EDTA DS could be reused in the subsequent FO operation and the overall recovery efficiency was 94.4% for four reuse cycles. These results have demonstrated the feasible of EDTA-Na2 DS and a potentially cost-effective recovery approach, and encouraged further exploration of using EDTA-based compounds as a draw solute for FO applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China.
| | - Ying An
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Jilai Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Qingmiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Takahashi T, Akiya K, Niizeki T, Matsumoto M, Hoshina TA. Tunable thermoresponsive UCST-type alkylimidazolium ionic liquids as a draw solution in the forward osmosis process. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Forero-Martinez NC, Cortes-Huerto R, Benedetto A, Ballone P. Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures: From Nanostructuring to Phase Separation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051647. [PMID: 35268747 PMCID: PMC8912101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamics, structures, and applications of thermoresponsive systems, consisting primarily of water solutions of organic salts, are reviewed. The focus is on organic salts of low melting temperatures, belonging to the ionic liquid (IL) family. The thermo-responsiveness is represented by a temperature driven transition between a homogeneous liquid state and a biphasic state, comprising an IL-rich phase and a solvent-rich phase, divided by a relatively sharp interface. Demixing occurs either with decreasing temperatures, developing from an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), or, less often, with increasing temperatures, arising from a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In the former case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both positive, and enthalpy prevails at low T. In the latter case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both negative, and entropy drives the demixing with increasing T. Experiments and computer simulations highlight the contiguity of these phase separations with the nanoscale inhomogeneity (nanostructuring), displayed by several ILs and IL solutions. Current applications in extraction, separation, and catalysis are briefly reviewed. Moreover, future applications in forward osmosis desalination, low-enthalpy thermal storage, and water harvesting from the atmosphere are discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C. Forero-Martinez
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robinson Cortes-Huerto
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Benedetto
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Ballone
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Feng YQ, Lv ML, Yang M, Ma WX, Zhang G, Yu YZ, Wu YQ, Li HB, Liu DZ, Yang YS. Application of New Energy Thermochromic Composite Thermosensitive Materials of Smart Windows in Recent Years. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051638. [PMID: 35268739 PMCID: PMC8912046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermochromic smart windows technology can intelligently regulate indoor solar radiation by changing indoor light transmittance in response to thermal stimulation, thus reducing energy consumption of the building. In recent years, with the development of new energy-saving materials and the combination with practical technology, energy-saving smart windows technology has received more and more attention from scientific research. Based on the summary of thermochromic smart windows by Yi Long research groups, this review described the applications of thermal responsive organic materials in smart windows, including poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogels, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogels, ionic liquids and liquid crystals. Besides, the mechanism of various organic materials and the properties of functional materials were also introduced. Finally, opportunities and challenges relating to thermochromic smart windows and prospects for future development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Mei-Ling Lv
- Department of Mechanical Electricity, Wuhan Instrument and Electronic Technical School, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Ming Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Wen-Xia Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Gang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Yun-Zi Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Ya-Qi Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - Hai-Bo Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
| | - De-Zheng Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
- Correspondence: (D.-Z.L.); (Y.-S.Y.)
| | - Yong-Sheng Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan 430073, China; (Y.-Q.F.); (M.Y.); (W.-X.M.); (G.Z.); (Y.-Z.Y.); (Y.-Q.W.); (H.-B.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.-Z.L.); (Y.-S.Y.)
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16
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Cai S, Wang Y, He X. Molecular interaction of poly (acrylamide‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐dodecyl sulfonate) with dual responsiveness and application in oily emulsion wastewater. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Cai
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Xianru He
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
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17
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Kollár J, Popelka A, Tkac J, Žabka M, Mosnáček J, Kasak P. Sulfobetaine-based polydisulfides with tunable upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in water alcohols mixture, depolymerization kinetics and surface wettability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:196-208. [PMID: 33387822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Synthesis of a new family of polymers having a polydisulfide structure can be conducted from sulfobetaine-based derivative of natural (R)-lipoic acid. A polydisulfide backbone of polymer can be depolymerized by response to external stimuli and sulfobetaine pendant groups ensure the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behaviour temperatures that can be modulated according to the nature of the solvent and concentration. EXPERIMENTS Sulfobetaine-bearing polydisulfides were synthesized from dithiolane derivatives and then characterized. UCST behavior of the polymers in water and in mixtures containing different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) was investigated. The regeneration of monomers from the polymers in response to external stimuli was examined using UV-vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Tunable surface wettability were shown on the grafted polymers. FINDINGS Decreasing polarity and/or increasing alcohol percentage in the water mixtures induced an increase in the cloud points of the polymers in the solutions. Thermoresponsive behaviour were repeatable and fully reversible with negligible hysteresis from aggregate to unimer state. The regeneration of monomers by depolymerization was tunable by temperature and sunlight. A thickness dependence on surface wettability was observed on wafers covalently modified with polydisulfides. This is the first report of sulfobetaine-based polydisulfides showing tunable UCST behavior and surface wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Kollár
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anton Popelka
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Matej Žabka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Mosnáček
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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18
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Yuan X, Zhang Y, Li Z, Huo F, Dong Y, He H. Stimuli‐Responsive
Ionic Liquids and the Regulation of Aggregation Structure and Phase Behavior†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Qing Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ya‐Qin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhi‐Yong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Feng Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yi‐Hui Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Hong‐Yan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Liaoning 116023 China
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19
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Fouling reduction and recovery during forward osmosis of wastewater using an electroactive CNT composite membrane. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Mahto A, Aruchamy K, Meena R, Kamali M, Nataraj SK, Aminabhavi TM. Forward osmosis for industrial effluents treatment – sustainability considerations. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Zeweldi HG, Bendoy AP, Park MJ, Shon HK, Johnson EM, Kim HS, Kim H, Chung WJ, Nisola GM. Forward osmosis with direct contact membrane distillation using tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate as an effective and safe thermo-recyclable osmotic agent for seawater desalination. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128070. [PMID: 33297074 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL) with lower critical solution temperature (LCST) property was assessed as a reusable draw solution (DS) for forward osmosis (FO). Tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate ([P4444]TsO) was successfully synthesized by neutralization reaction. Characterization results reveal its ability to generate sufficient osmotic pressure (14-68 bars for 0.5-2 M DS) to create a gradient across the FO membrane. Its thermal, physico-chemical and other colligative properties are favorable for its application as an osmotic agent. The LCST behavior of [P4444]TsO was found reversible and its phase separation from water can be done above its cloud point temperature Tc ∼57 °C. In vitro cytotoxicity tests from LDH and MTT assay reveal that it can be safely used as DS at an effective concentration EC30 ∼57 mg L-1 as its non-toxic level. Results from FO operations demonstrate that 2 M [P4444]TsO DS can effectively treat saline feed like seawater (0.6 M NaCl) with reasonable Jv = 1.35 ± 0.15 L m-2h-1, low Js = 0.0038 ± 0.00049 mol m-2h-1, and considerably low specific solute flux (Js/Jv ∼ 0.0028 mol L-1). After FO, ∼98% of [P4444]TsO was precipitated by heating the DS at 60 °C and conveniently reused with consistent FO performance. Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was found effective in removing the residual 2% [P4444]TsO in the DS supernatant to finally produce high-quality effluent with concentrations way below the EC30 limit. Cost estimates for the entire process reveal the potential of FO combined with thermo-cyclic [P4444]TsO regeneration with DCMD for desalination application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana G Zeweldi
- Environmental Waste Recycle Institute (EWRI), Department of Energy Science and Technology (DEST), Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Anelyn P Bendoy
- Environmental Waste Recycle Institute (EWRI), Department of Energy Science and Technology (DEST), Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Jun Park
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, MSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ho Kyong Shon
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, MSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Eldin M Johnson
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, South Korea; Department of Life Science, Food Microbiology and Bioprocess Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Han-Seung Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Hern Kim
- Environmental Waste Recycle Institute (EWRI), Department of Energy Science and Technology (DEST), Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook-Jin Chung
- Environmental Waste Recycle Institute (EWRI), Department of Energy Science and Technology (DEST), Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea.
| | - Grace M Nisola
- Environmental Waste Recycle Institute (EWRI), Department of Energy Science and Technology (DEST), Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Toward tailoring of a new draw solute for forward osmosis process: Branched poly (deep eutectic solvent)-decorated magnetic nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Cai S, Gu S, Li X, Wan S, Chen S, He X. Controlled grafting modification of starch and UCST-type thermosensitive behavior in water. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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24
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Zawadzki M, Paduszyński K, Królikowska M, Grzechnik E. COSMO-RS predicted 1-octanol/water partition coefficient as useful ion descriptor for predicting phase behavior of aqueous solutions of ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Vander Meulen IJ, Jiang P, Wu D, Hrudey SE, Li XF. N-Nitrosamine formation from chloramination of two common ionic liquids. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:341-348. [PMID: 31791507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of solvents increasingly used as "green chemicals." Widespread applications of ILs have led to concerns about their accidental entry to the environment. ILs have been assessed for some environmental impacts; however, little has been done to characterize their potential impacts on drinking water if ILs accidentally enter surface water. IL cations are often aromatic or alkyl quaternary amines that resemble structures of previously confirmed N-nitrosamine (NA) precursors. Therefore, this study has evaluated two common ILs, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (EMImBr) and 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (EMPyrBr), for their NA formation potential. Each IL species was reacted with pre-formed monochloramine under various laboratory conditions. The reaction mixtures were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed for NAs using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. At low concentration of IL (250 μmol/L), the yields of NAs (NMEA or NPyr) increased with increasing doses of monochloramine from both IL species. The total NA yield was as high as 2.5 ± 0.3 ng/mg from EMImBr, and as high as 8.6 ± 0.8 ng/mg from EMPyrBr. At high concentration of IL (5 mmol/L), the NA yield reached a maximum at 2.5 mmol/L NH2Cl, and then decreased with subsequent increases in the reactant concentrations, demonstrating ILs' solvent effects. This study re-emphasizes the importance of preventing discharge of ILs to water bodies to prevent secondary impacts on drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Vander Meulen
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Ping Jiang
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Steve E Hrudey
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
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26
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Lee DJ, Hsieh MH. Forward osmosis membrane processes for wastewater bioremediation: Research needs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121795. [PMID: 31326216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing research and development works have been made to develop forward osmosis (FO) processes as a cost-effective substitute for energy intensive water vacuum suction facility in submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) applications. Perceived to be a spontaneous water driven process without external applied pressures, the FO has been applied in lab and pilot scales for wastewater bioremediation. This paper reviewed the state-of-the-art developments on the FO unit, the process, and ways of enhancing process performance, particularly on the aspects of flux enhancement, flow resistance reduction, and draw solute with low reverse salt diffusion, which are relevant to enhanced osmotic MBR performance. The perspective to realize the use of FO processes in revision of currently existing energy intensive osmotic MBR processes is discussed with research needs being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; College of Technology and Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Huan Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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27
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Thermally responsive ionic liquids and polymeric ionic liquids: emerging trends and possibilities. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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28
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Bao X, Wu Q, Shi W, Wang W, Zhu Z, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Zhang B, Guo Y, Cui F. Dendritic amine sheltered membrane for simultaneous ammonia selection and fouling mitigation in forward osmosis. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Inada A, Takahashi T, Kumagai K, Matsuyama H. Morpholine Derivatives as Thermoresponsive Draw Solutes for Forward Osmosis Desalination. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Inada
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Takahashi
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kumagai
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideto Matsuyama
- Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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30
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Kang H, Suich DE, Davies JF, Wilson AD, Urban JJ, Kostecki R. Molecular insight into the lower critical solution temperature transition of aqueous alkyl phosphonium benzene sulfonates. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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31
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Kim T, Ju C, Park C, Kang H. Polymer Having Dicationic Structure in Dumbbell Shape for Forward Osmosis Process. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030571. [PMID: 30960555 PMCID: PMC6473941 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The thermal-responsive polymers, poly(alkane-1,#-diylbis(tri-n-butylphosphonium) 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate) (PSSBP#, # = 8, 6, and 4), where # is the number of carbon atoms in the central bridge structure of the dicationic phosphonium moiety, were synthesized to examine their potential application as draw solutes in forward osmosis (FO). The polymers exhibited low critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics in aqueous solutions, which is essential for recovering a draw solute from pure water. The LCSTs of the 20 wt% aqueous solutions of PSSBP8, PSSBP6, and PSSBP4 were confirmed to be approximately 30, 38, and 26 °C, respectively, which is advantageous in terms of energy requirements for the recovering draw solute. When the concentration of the PSSBP4 draw solution was 20 wt%, water flux and reverse solute flux were approximately 1.61 LMH and 0.91 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) system when the feed solution was distilled water. The PSSBP# thermal-responsive draw solute has considerable potential for use as a next-generation draw solute because of its excellent osmotic performance and efficient recovery. Therefore, this study provides inspiration for novel ideas regarding structural transformations of polymers and their applicability as draw solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdong-Daero 550beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
| | - Changha Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdong-Daero 550beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdong-Daero 550beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
| | - Hyo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, 37 Nakdong-Daero 550beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
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32
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Inada A, Yumiya K, Takahashi T, Kumagai K, Hashizume Y, Matsuyama H. Development of thermoresponsive star oligomers with a glycerol backbone as the draw solute in forward osmosis process. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Chen Q, Ge Q, Xu W, Pan W. Functionalized imidazolium ionic liquids promote seawater desalination through forward osmosis. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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34
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Hsu CH, Ma C, Bui N, Song Z, Wilson AD, Kostecki R, Diederichsen KM, McCloskey BD, Urban JJ. Enhanced Forward Osmosis Desalination with a Hybrid Ionic Liquid/Hydrogel Thermoresponsive Draw Agent System. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:4296-4303. [PMID: 31459634 PMCID: PMC6648795 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has emerged as a new technology for desalination and exhibits potentials for applications where reverse osmosis is incapable or uneconomical for treating streams with high salinity or fouling propensity. However, most of current draw agents in FO are salts and difficult to be recycled cost- and energy-effectively. In this work, we demonstrate a new and facile approach to efficiently recover water from the FO process with enhanced water purity by using a binary ion liquid/hydrogel system. The hybrid ion liquid/hydrogel draw solution system demonstrated in this work synergistically leverages the thermoresponsive properties of both the ionic liquid (IL) and hydrogel to improve the overall FO performance. Our findings corroborate that the hydrogel mitigates the water flux decline of the IL as the draw agent and provide a ready route to contiguously and effectively regenerate water from the FO process. Such a route allows for an efficient recovery of water from the draw solute/water mixture with enhanced water purity, compared with conventional thermal treating of lower critical solution temperature IL draw solute/water. Furthermore, hydrogels can be used in a continuous and readily recyclable process to recover water without heating the entire draw solute/water mixture. Our design principles open the door to use low-grade/waste heat or solar energy to regenerate draw agents and potentially reduce energy in the FO process considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Hsu
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Canghai Ma
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ngoc Bui
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhuonan Song
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aaron D. Wilson
- Idaho
National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625
MS 2208, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Robert Kostecki
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kyle M. Diederichsen
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bryan D. McCloskey
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Urban
- The
Molecular Foundry and Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Wang X, Cheng H, Hong P, Zhang X, Lai Z. A DNA-mimic contact-active functional group for antifouling ultrafiltration membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:669-676. [PMID: 30391888 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite advanced materials and techniques to reduce the fouling issue of membranes, 10-30% of the cost of ultrafiltration (UF) processes have been spent on membrane cleaning. Particularly in water treatment, the traditional heavy metal-based method is challenged due to its environmental pollution risk and increasing public health awareness. Here, we report the synthesis of a metal-free contact-active antifouling and antimicrobial membrane by covalently functionalizing a commercial polyacrylonitrile (PAN) UF membrane with 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazine (DAT) via a one-step catalyst-free hydrothermal [4 + 2] cyclization of dicyandiamide reaction. The proposed mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of the DAT-functionalized membrane is through strong attraction between the DAT groups and the microbial membrane protein via strong hydrogen bonding, leading to microbial membrane disruption and thus microbe death. A high water flux and good reusability of the membrane against protein in a UF experiment were achieved. The low cost, easy availability of the compounds, as well as the facile reaction offer a high potential of the membrane for real applications in ultrafiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hong Cheng
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peiying Hong
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xixiang Zhang
- Advanced Nanofabrication, Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 239955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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36
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Hartanto Y, Zargar M, Cui X, Jin B, Dai S. Non-ionic copolymer microgels as high-performance draw materials for forward osmosis desalination. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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37
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Volia MF, Tereshatov EE, Mazan V, Folden CM, Boltoeva M. Effect of aqueous hydrochloric acid and zwitterionic betaine on the mutual solubility between a protic betainium-based ionic liquid and water. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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38
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Fundamental investigation of osmolality, thermo-responsive phase diagram, and water-drawing ability of ionic-liquid-based draw solution for forward osmosis membrane process. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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39
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Ju C, Park C, Kim T, Kang S, Kang H. Thermo-responsive draw solute for forward osmosis process; poly(ionic liquid) having lower critical solution temperature characteristics. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29493-29501. [PMID: 35531499 PMCID: PMC9072005 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A poly(ionic liquid) having lower critical solution temperature characteristics was synthesized to investigate its suitability as a draw solute for forward osmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changha Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 49315
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 49315
- Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 49315
- Republic of Korea
| | - Shinwoo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 49315
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 49315
- Republic of Korea
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40
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Long Q, Huang J, Xiong S, Shen L, Wang Y. Exploration of oligomeric sodium carboxylates as novel draw solutes for forward osmosis. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Abstract
In recent years, membrane technologies have been developed to address water shortage and energy crisis. Forward osmosis (FO), as an emerging membrane-based water treatment technology, employs an extremely concentrated draw solution (DS) to draw water pass through the semi-permeable membrane from a feed solution. DS as a critical material in FO process plays a key role in determining separation performance and energy cost. Most of existing DSs after FO still require a regeneration step making its return to initial state. Therefore, selecting suitable DS with low reverse solute, high flux, and easy regeneration is critical for improving FO energy efficiency. Numerous novel DSs with improved performance and lower regeneration cost have been developed. However, none reviews reported the categories of DS based on the energy used for recovery up to now, leading to the lack of enough awareness of energy consumption in DS regeneration. This review will give a comprehensive overview on the existing DSs based on the types of energy utilized for DS regeneration. DS categories based on different types of energy used for DS recovery, mainly including direct use based, chemical energy based, waste heat based, electric energy based, magnetic field energy based, and solar energy based are proposed. The respective benefits and detriments of the majority of DS are addressed respectively according to the current reported literatures. Finally, future directions of energy applied to DS recovery are also discussed.
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42
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Zufía-Rivas J, Morales P, Veintemillas-Verdaguer S. Effect of the Sodium Polyacrylate on the Magnetite Nanoparticles Produced by Green Chemistry Routes: Applicability in Forward Osmosis. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070470. [PMID: 29954100 PMCID: PMC6071008 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous dispersions of magnetic nanocomposites have been proposed as draw electrolytes in forward osmosis. One possible approach for the production of nanocomposites based on magnetite nanoparticles and sodium polyacrylate is the synthesis of the magnetic iron oxide by coprecipitation or oxidative precipitation in the presence of an excess of the polymer. In this work, we explored the effect of the polymer proportion on the nanomaterials produced by these procedures. The materials obtained were compared with those obtained by the coating of magnetite nanocrystals produced beforehand with the same polymer. The samples were characterized by chemical analysis, photon correlation spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetometry. The general trend observed is that the polymers heavily modify the texture of the magnetic material during the synthesis, with a drastic reduction of the particle size and magnetic response. The polycrystalline texture that is generated permits the incorporation of the polymer both on the external surface and in the intergranular space. The aqueous dispersions of the nanocomposites were highly stable, with a hydrodynamic size that was roughly independent of the polymer/magnetite ratio. Such dispersions show an osmotic pressure that is proportional to the concentration of the polymer. Interestingly, the proportionality constant was similar to that of the free polymer only in the case of the samples prepared by oxidative precipitation, being lower in the case of the samples prepared by coprecipitation. Finally, the possibilities of using these materials as draw electrolytes in forward osmosis will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zufía-Rivas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM/CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Puerto Morales
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM/CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM/CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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43
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Dahanayaka M, Liu B, Hu Z, Pei QX, Chen Z, Law AWK, Zhou K. Graphene membranes with nanoslits for seawater desalination via forward osmosis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:30551-30561. [PMID: 29115322 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05660e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stacked graphene (GE) membranes with cascading nanoslits can be synthesized economically compared to monolayer nanoporous GE membranes, and have potential for molecular separation. This study focuses on investigating the seawater desalination performance of these stacked GE layers as forward osmosis (FO) membranes by using molecular dynamics simulations. The FO performance is evaluated in terms of water flux and salt rejection and is explained by analysing the water density distribution and radial distribution function. The water flow displays an Arrhenius type relation with temperature and the activation energy for the stacked GE membrane is estimated to be 8.02 kJ mol-1, a value much lower than that of commercially available FO membranes. The study reveals that the membrane characteristics including the pore width, offset, interlayer separation distance and number of layers have significant effects on the desalination performance. Unlike monolayer nanoporous GE membranes, at an optimum layer separation distance, the stacked GE membranes with large pore widths and completely misaligned pore configuration can retain complete ion rejection and maintain a high water flux. Findings from the present study are helpful in developing GE-based membranes for seawater desalination via FO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Dahanayaka
- Environmental Process Modeling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One #06-08, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
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Mahto A, Mondal D, Polisetti V, Bhatt J, M. R N, Prasad K, Nataraj SK. Sustainable Water Reclamation from Different Feed Streams by Forward Osmosis Process Using Deep Eutectic Solvents as Reusable Draw Solution. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashesh Mahto
- Sustainable
Energy Materials and Processes Group, Centre for Nano and Material
Sciences, Jain University, JGI Global Campus, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562 112, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
| | - Dibyendu Mondal
- Sustainable
Energy Materials and Processes Group, Centre for Nano and Material
Sciences, Jain University, JGI Global Campus, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562 112, India
| | - Veerababu Polisetti
- Reverse
Osmosis Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
| | - Jitkumar Bhatt
- Natural
Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
| | - Nidhi M. R
- Sustainable
Energy Materials and Processes Group, Centre for Nano and Material
Sciences, Jain University, JGI Global Campus, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562 112, India
| | - Kamalesh Prasad
- Natural
Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364 002, India
| | - S. K. Nataraj
- Sustainable
Energy Materials and Processes Group, Centre for Nano and Material
Sciences, Jain University, JGI Global Campus, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562 112, India
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45
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Abstract
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has developed rapidly over the past decade. The development of draw solutes, a key component of FO processes, has also progressed remarkably. A wide range of synthetic draw solutes have been explored in recent years. Synthetic draw solutes exhibit superiority over the conventional draw solutes obtained commercially in terms of lower reverse solute fluxes and less energy consumption in draw solute recycling. However, there are still some big challenges for synthetic draw solutes, such as complicated synthetic procedures, low water fluxes, severe concentration polarization (CP) and decreased water recovery efficiency when recycled draw solutes are reused in FO. These challenges are also the current research focus on the exploration of novel draw solutes. This article aims to review the recent progress especially on synthetic draw solutes. Their design strategies, synthesis routes and FO performance are assessed. Some representative applications involving the synthetic draw solutes-facilitated FO processes are exemplified. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing synthetic draw solutions are evaluated. The challenges and future directions in exploring novel draw solutes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhen Chen
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , No. 2 University of New Garden Road , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , No. 2 University of New Garden Road , Fujian 350116 , China
| | - Qingchun Ge
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , No. 2 University of New Garden Road , Fujian 350116 , China
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46
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Zhong Y, Wang X, Feng X, Telalovic S, Gnanou Y, Huang KW, Hu X, Lai Z. Osmotic Heat Engine Using Thermally Responsive Ionic Liquids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9403-9409. [PMID: 28693317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The osmotic heat engine (OHE) is a promising technology for converting low grade heat to electricity. Most of the existing studies have focused on thermolytic salt systems. Herein, for the first time, we proposed to use thermally responsive ionic liquids (TRIL) that have either an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) or lower critical solution temperature (LCST) type of phase behavior as novel thermolytic osmotic agents. Closed-loop TRIL-OHEs were designed based on these unique phase behaviors to convert low grade heat to work or electricity. Experimental studies using two UCST-type TRILs, protonated betaine bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([Hbet][Tf2N]) and choline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([choline][Tf2N]) showed that (1) the specific energy of the TRIL-OHE system could reach as high as 4.0 times that of the seawater and river water system, (2) the power density measured from a commercial FO membrane reached up to 2.3 W/m2, and (3) the overall energy efficiency reached up to 2.6% or 18% of the Carnot efficiency at no heat recovery and up to 10.5% or 71% of the Carnet efficiency at 70% heat recovery. All of these results clearly demonstrated the great potential of using TRILs as novel osmotic agents to design high efficient OHEs for recovery of low grade thermal energy to work or electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiang Zhong
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xinbo Wang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvedin Telalovic
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute , 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Qiao Y, Ma W, Theyssen N, Chen C, Hou Z. Temperature-Responsive Ionic Liquids: Fundamental Behaviors and Catalytic Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:6881-6928. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Qiao
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wenbao Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nils Theyssen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenshan Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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48
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A Thermodynamical Approach for Evaluating Energy Consumption of the Forward Osmosis Process Using Various Draw Solutes. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9030189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Ju C, Kang H. Zwitterionic polymers showing upper critical solution temperature behavior as draw solutes for forward osmosis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the suitability of homopolymer with UCST characteristics as draw solutes for the FO process for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changha Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 604-714
- Korea
| | - Hyo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Dong-A University
- Busan 604-714
- Korea
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50
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Direction and pressure response of osmotic pressure in binary polymer solutions. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-017-5003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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