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Zhang Y, Li J, Jiao S, Li Y, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Maryam B, Liu X. Microfluidic sensors for the detection of emerging contaminants in water: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172734. [PMID: 38663621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, numerous emerging contaminants have been identified in surface water, groundwater, and drinking water. Developing novel sensing methods for detecting diverse emerging pollutants in water is urgently needed, as even at low concentrations, these pollutants can pose a serious threat to human health and environmental safety. Traditional testing methods are based on laboratory equipment, which is highly sensitive but complex to operate, costly, and not suitable for on-site monitoring. Microfluidic sensors offer several benefits, including rapid evaluation, minimal sample usage, accurate liquid manipulation, compact size, automation, and in-situ detection capabilities. They provide promising and efficient analytical tools for high-performance sensing platforms in monitoring emerging contaminants in water. In this paper, recent research advances in microfluidic sensors for the detection of emerging contaminants in water are reviewed. Initially, a concise overview is provided about the various substrate materials, corresponding microfabrication techniques, different driving forces, and commonly used detection techniques for microfluidic devices. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on microfluidic detection methods for endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, microplastics, and perfluorinated compounds. Finally, the prospects and future challenges of microfluidic sensors in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Shipu Jiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Bushra Maryam
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Xianhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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2
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Wu T, Shen C, Zhao Z, Lyu M, Bai H, Hu X, Zhao J, Zhang R, Qian K, Xu G, Ying B. Integrating Paper-Based Microfluidics and Lateral Flow Strip into Nucleic Acid Amplification Device toward Rapid, Low-Cost, and Visual Diagnosis of Multiple Mycobacteria. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400095. [PMID: 38466131 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Efficient diagnosis of mycobacterial infections can effectively manage and prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. Unfortunately, existing diagnostic strategies are challenged by long assay times, high costs, and highly specialized expertise to distinguish between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases (NTM-PDs). Herein, in this study, an optimized 3D paper-based analytical device (µPAD) is incorporated with a closed lateral flow (LF) strip into a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) device (3D-µPAD-LF-LAMP) for rapid, low-cost, and visual detection of pathogenic mycobacteria. The platform's microfluidic feature enhanced the nucleic acid amplification, thereby reducing the costs and time as compared to boiling, easyMAG, and QIAGEN techniques. Moreover, the LF unit is specifically designed to minimize aerosol contamination for a user-friendly and visual readout. 3D-µPAD-LF-LAMP is optimized and assessed using standard strains, demonstrating a limit of detection (LOD) down to 10 fg reaction-1 . In a cohort of 815 patients, 3D-µPAD-LF-LAMP displays significantly better sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and diagnostic accuracy than conventional bacterial culture and Xpert techniques. Collectively, 3D-µPAD-LF-LAMP demonstrates enhanced accessibility, efficiency, and practicality for the diagnosis of multiple pathogenic mycobacteria, which can be applied across diverse clinical settings, thereby ultimately improving public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Chenlan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Mengyuan Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Dong Road, ErQi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Gaolian Xu
- Shanghai Sci-Tech InnoCenter for Infection & Immunity, Building A1, Bay Valley Science and Technology Park, Lane 1688, Guoquan North Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
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3
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Xu N, Li X, Luan F, Tian C, Zhang Z, Chen L, Zhuang X. Ratiometric fluorescent and electrochemiluminescent dual modal assay for detection of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid as an anthrax biomarker. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342181. [PMID: 38220309 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA) is an excellent biomarker of Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis). The sensitive detection of DPA, especially through visual point-of-care testing, was significant for accurate and rapid diagnosis of anthrax to timely prevent anthrax disease or biological terrorist attack. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent (R-FL) and electrochemiluminescent (ECL) dual-mode detection platform with a lanthanide ion-based metal-organic framework (Ln-MOF, i.e., M/Y-X: M = Eu, Y = Tb, and X = 4,4',4″-s-triazine-1,3,5-triyltri-m-aminobenzoic acid) was developed. Eu/Tb-TATAB nanoparticles were constructed to identify DPA. The R-FL detection platform quantitatively detected DPA by monitoring the I545/I617 ratio of the characteristic fluorescence peak intensities of Tb3+ ions and Eu3+ ions. The ECL sensing platform successfully quantified DPA by exploiting the burst effect of DPA on the ECL signal. The above methods had highly sensitive and rapid detection of DPA in water and serum samples. The results showed that this dual-mode detection platform may be projected to be a powerful instrument for preventing related biological warfare and bio-terrorism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Feng Luan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Chunyuan Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Xuming Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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4
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Pan M, Han X, Chen S, Yang J, Wang Y, Li H, Wang S. Paper-based microfluidic device for selective detection of peanut allergen Ara h1 applying black phosphorus-Au nanocomposites for signal amplification. Talanta 2024; 267:125188. [PMID: 37716240 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper developed a portable microfluidic paper-based analysis device (μ-PAD) combined with the electrochemical technique for efficient and sensitive detection of peanut allergen Ara h1. The proposed μ-PAD works based on the variation of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response current induced by peanut allergen Ara h1. Black phosphorus (BP)-Au nanocomposites were introduced both to improve the electron transfer rate at the electrode interface for signal amplification, and to immobilize the specific Ara h1 aptamers through Au-S bonding to recognize the target in food matrices. This μ-PAD had good specificity and detection stability for Ara h1 allergen and could complete the entire analysis process within 20 min, achieving a wide linear response range (25-800 ng mL-1) and a low detection limit (LOD, 11.8 ng mL-1). In the Ara h1 allergen detection applied to real peanut products (cookies, milk, and bread), the constructed μ-PAD obtained acceptable recoveries (93.50%-101.86%) with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.36-2.97% (n = 3), with a good correlation with the ELISA results (R2 = 0.9956). Therefore, the portable μ-PAD based on BP-Au nanocomposites was demonstrated to provide an effective strategy for rapid analysis and screening of Ara h1 allergen in food, which has broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Huilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health of Tianjin, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China.
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5
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Ruengpirasiri P, Charoensin P, Aniwattapong A, Natekuekool P, Srisomwat C, Pinyorospathum C, Chaiyo S, Yakoh A. Graphene Pseudoreference Electrode for the Development of a Practical Paper-Based Electrochemical Heavy Metal Sensor. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1634-1642. [PMID: 38222522 PMCID: PMC10785785 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Paper-based electrochemical devices (PEDs) have emerged as versatile platforms that bridge analytical chemistry and materials science, demonstrating advantages of portability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. This study investigates the integration of a graphene pseudoreference electrode (GPRE) into a PED, and it exhibits potential advantages over the traditional Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode (PRE). In addition, the electrochemical properties and stability of GPRE are compared with those of the traditional Ag/AgCl PRE. The results demonstrate that GPRE exhibits a stable and reproducible potential during electrochemical measurement throughout 180 days, demonstrating its suitability as an alternative to an expensive metal PRE. Furthermore, a GPRE-incorporated paper-based device is designed and evaluated for use in the electrochemical detection of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) using an in situ bismuth-modified electrode. The GPRE-incorporated PED exhibited good analytical performance, with a low limit of detection of 0.69 and 5.77 ng mL-1 and electrochemical sensitivities of 70.16 and 38.34 μA·mL·μg-1·cm-2 for Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively. More than 99.9% accuracy of the sensor was obtained for both ions with respect to conventional inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results highlight the effectiveness and suitability of the GPRE-incorporated PED as a sensor for various applications, such as environmental monitoring, food quality control, and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pimchanok Charoensin
- Kamnoetvidya
Science Academy, 999 Moo. 1, Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Akkrawat Aniwattapong
- Kamnoetvidya
Science Academy, 999 Moo. 1, Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Pemika Natekuekool
- Kamnoetvidya
Science Academy, 999 Moo. 1, Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Chawin Srisomwat
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
| | - Chanika Pinyorospathum
- National
Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Analytical
Sciences and National Doping Test Institute, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- The
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Food and Water Risk Analysis (FAWRA), Department
of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Abdulhadee Yakoh
- The
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Food and Water Risk Analysis (FAWRA), Department
of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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6
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Kumari R, Singh A, Azad UP, Chandra P. Insights into the Fabrication and Electrochemical Aspects of Paper Microfluidics-Based Biosensor Module. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:891. [PMID: 37754125 PMCID: PMC10526938 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past ten years, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (micro-PADs) have attracted a lot of attention as a viable analytical platform. It is expanding as a result of advances in manufacturing processes and device integration. Conventional microfluidics approaches have some drawbacks, including high costs, lengthy evaluation times, complicated fabrication, and the necessity of experienced employees. Hence, it is extremely important to construct a detection system that is quick, affordable, portable, and efficient. Nowadays, micro-PADs are frequently employed, particularly in electrochemical analyses, to replicate the classic standard laboratory experiments on a miniature paper chip. It has benefits like rapid assessment, small sample consumption, quick reaction, accuracy, and multiplex function. The goal of this review is to examine modern paper microfluidics-based electrochemical sensing devices for the detection of macromolecules, small molecules, and cells in a variety of real samples. The design and fabrication of micro-PADs using conventional and the latest techniques have also been discussed in detail. Lastly, the limitations and potential of these analytical platforms are examined in order to shed light on future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Kumari
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Uday Pratap Azad
- Laboratory of Nanoelectrochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India;
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.K.); (A.S.)
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7
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Toldrà A, Chondrogiannis G, Hamedi MM. A 3D paper microfluidic device for enzyme-linked assays: Application to DNA analysis. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300143. [PMID: 37222181 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A paper microfluidic device capable of conducting enzyme-linked assays is presented: a microfluidic enzyme-linked paper analytical device (μEL-PAD). The system exploits a wash-free sandwich coupling to form beads/analyte/enzyme complexes, which are subsequently added to the vertical flow device composed of wax-printed paper, waxed nitrocellulose membrane and absorbent/barrier layers. The nitrocellulose retains the bead complexes without disrupting the flow, enabling for an efficient washing step. The entrapped complexes then interact with the chromogenic substrate stored on the detection paper, generating a color change on it, quantified with an open-source smartphone software. This is a universal paper-based technology suitable for high-sensitivity quantification of many analytes, such as proteins or nucleic acids, with different enzyme-linked formats. Here, the potential of the μEL-PAD is demonstrated to detect DNA from Staphylococcus epidermidis. After generation of isothermally amplified genomic DNA from bacteria, Biotin/FITC-labeled products were analyzed with the μEL-PAD, exploiting streptavidin-coated beads and antiFITC-horseradish peroxidase. The μEL-PAD achieved a limit of detection (LOD) and quantification <10 genome copies/μL, these being at least 70- and 1000-fold lower, respectively, than a traditional lateral flow assay (LFA) exploiting immobilized streptavidin and antiFITC-gold nanoparticles. It is envisaged that the device will be a good option for low-cost, simple, quantitative, and sensitive paper-based point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Toldrà
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios Chondrogiannis
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahiar M Hamedi
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Gutiérrez-Capitán M, Sanchís A, Carvalho EO, Baldi A, Vilaplana L, Cardoso VF, Calleja Á, Wei M, de la Rica R, Hoyo J, Bassegoda A, Tzanov T, Marco MP, Lanceros-Méndez S, Fernández-Sánchez C. Engineering a Point-of-Care Paper-Microfluidic Electrochemical Device Applied to the Multiplexed Quantitative Detection of Biomarkers in Sputum. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3032-3042. [PMID: 37467113 PMCID: PMC10463273 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Health initiatives worldwide demand affordable point-of-care devices to aid in the reduction of morbidity and mortality rates of high-incidence infectious and noncommunicable diseases. However, the production of robust and reliable easy-to-use diagnostic platforms showing the ability to quantitatively measure several biomarkers in physiological fluids and that could in turn be decentralized to reach any relevant environment remains a challenge. Here, we show the particular combination of paper-microfluidic technology, electrochemical transduction, and magnetic nanoparticle-based immunoassay approaches to produce a unique, compact, and easily deployable multiplex device to simultaneously measure interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and myeloperoxidase biomarkers in sputum, developed with the aim of facilitating the timely detection of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The device incorporates an on-chip electrochemical cell array and a multichannel paper component, engineered to be easily aligned into a polymeric cartridge and exchanged if necessary. Calibration curves at clinically relevant biomarker concentration ranges are produced in buffer and artificial sputum. The analysis of sputum samples of healthy individuals and acutely exacerbated patients produces statistically significant biomarker concentration differences between the two studied groups. The device can be mass-produced at a low cost, being an easily adaptable platform for measuring other disease-related target biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Sanchís
- Nanobiotechnology
for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced
Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela O. Carvalho
- Centre
of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP) and LaPMET, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonio Baldi
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Vilaplana
- Nanobiotechnology
for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced
Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa F. Cardoso
- Centre
of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP) and LaPMET, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- CMEMS-UMinho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Calleja
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Roberto de la Rica
- Multidisciplinary
Sepsis Group, Health Research Institute
of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas
(CIBER-INFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hoyo
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Departament d’Enginyeria
Química, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Arnau Bassegoda
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Departament d’Enginyeria
Química, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Departament d’Enginyeria
Química, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - María-Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology
for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced
Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Centre
of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP) and LaPMET, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Basque
Centre for Materials and Applications (BCMaterials), UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - César Fernández-Sánchez
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Carrell C, Jang I, Link J, Terry JS, Call Z, Panraksa Y, Chailapakul O, Dandy DS, Geiss BJ, Henry CS. Capillary driven microfluidic sequential flow device for point-of-need ELISA: COVID-19 serology testing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2721-2728. [PMID: 37099406 PMCID: PMC10249653 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A capillary-driven microfluidic sequential flow device, designed for eventual at-home or doctor's office use, was developed to perform an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serology assays. Serology assays that detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can be used to determine prior infection, immunity status, and/or individual vaccination status and are typically run using well-plate ELISAs in centralized laboratories, but in this format SARs-CoV-2 serology tests are too expensive and/or slow for most situations. Instead, a point-of-need device that can be used at home or in doctor's offices for COVID-19 serology testing would provide critical information for managing infections and determining immune status. Lateral flow assays are common and easy to use, but lack the sensitivity needed to reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in clinical samples. This work describes a microfluidic sequential flow device that is as simple to use as a lateral flow assay, but as sensitive as a well-plate ELISA through sequential delivery of reagents to the detection area using only capillary flow. The device utilizes a network of microfluidic channels made of transparency film and double-sided adhesive combined with paper pumps to drive flow. The geometry of the channels and storage pads enables automated sequential washing and reagent addition steps with two simple end-user steps. An enzyme label and colorimetric substrate produce an amplified, visible signal for increased sensitivity, while the integrated washing steps decrease false positives and increase reproducibility. Naked-eye detection can be used for qualitative results or a smartphone camera for quantitative analysis. The device detected antibodies at 2.8 ng mL-1 from whole blood, while a well-plate ELISA using the same capture and detection antibodies could detect 1.2 ng mL-1. The performance of the capillary-driven immunoassay (CaDI) system developed here was confirmed by demonstrating SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection, and we believe that the device represents a fundamental step forward in equipment-free point-of-care technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Carrell
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Jeremy Link
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - James S Terry
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Zachary Call
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Yosita Panraksa
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - David S Dandy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Brian J Geiss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, 80523, USA
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10
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Fernandes J, Karra N, Swindle EJ, Morgan H. Droplet fluidics for time-dependent analysis of barrier permeability in an epithelial barrier on chip system. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14494-14500. [PMID: 37179995 PMCID: PMC10173818 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00470h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A droplet generator has been developed that interfaces with a barrier-on-chip platform for temporal analyte compartmentalisation and analysis. Droplets are generated every 20 minutes in 8 separate parallel microchannels, with an average droplet volume of 9.47 ± 0.6 μL, allowing simultaneous analysis of 8 different experiments. The device was tested using an epithelial barrier model by monitoring the diffusion of a fluorescent high molecular weight dextran molecule. The epithelial barrier was perturbed using detergent leading to a peak at 3-4 hours, correlating with simulations. For the untreated (control) a constant, very low level of dextran diffusion was observed. The epithelial cell barrier properties were also continuously measured using electrical impedance spectroscopy to extract an equivalent trans epithelial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Fernandes
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton UK
| | - Nikita Karra
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton UK
| | - Emily J Swindle
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton UK
| | - Hywel Morgan
- Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton UK
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11
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Pradela-Filho LA, Veloso WB, Arantes IVS, Gongoni JLM, de Farias DM, Araujo DAG, Paixão TRLC. Paper-based analytical devices for point-of-need applications. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:179. [PMID: 37041400 PMCID: PMC10089827 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) are powerful platforms for point-of-need testing since they are inexpensive devices fabricated in different shapes and miniaturized sizes, ensuring better portability. Additionally, the readout and detection systems can be accomplished with portable devices, allying with the features of both systems. These devices have been introduced as promising analytical platforms to meet critical demands involving rapid, reliable, and simple testing. They have been applied to monitor species related to environmental, health, and food issues. Herein, an outline of chronological events involving PADs is first reported. This work also introduces insights into fundamental parameters to engineer new analytical platforms, including the paper type and device operation. The discussions involve the main analytical techniques used as detection systems, such as colorimetry, fluorescence, and electrochemistry. It also showed recent advances involving PADs, especially combining optical and electrochemical detection into a single device. Dual/combined detection systems can overcome individual barriers of the analytical techniques, making possible simultaneous determinations, or enhancing the devices' sensitivity and/or selectivity. In addition, this review reports on distance-based detection, which is also considered a trend in analytical chemistry. Distance-based detection offers instrument-free analyses and avoids user interpretation errors, which are outstanding features for analyses at the point of need, especially for resource-limited regions. Finally, this review provides a critical overview of the practical specifications of the recent analytical platforms involving PADs, demonstrating their challenges. Therefore, this work can be a highly useful reference for new research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauro A Pradela-Filho
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - William B Veloso
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Iana V S Arantes
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana L M Gongoni
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Davi M de Farias
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Diele A G Araujo
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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12
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Holman JB, Shi Z, Fadahunsi AA, Li C, Ding W. Advances on microfluidic paper-based electroanalytical devices. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 63:108093. [PMID: 36603801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the first electrochemical devices on paper substrates, many different reports of microfluidic paper-based electroanalytical devices (μPEDs), innovative hydrophobic barriers and electrode fabrication processes have allowed the incorporation of diverse materials, resulting in different applications and a boost in performance. These advancements have led to the creation of paper-based devices with comparable performance to many standard conventional devices, with the added benefits of pumpless fluidic transport, component separation and reagent storage that can be exploited to automate and handle sample preprocessing. Herein, we review μPEDs, summarize the characteristics and functionalities of μPEDs, such as separation, fluid flow control and storage, and outline the conventional and emerging fabrication and modification approaches for μPEDs. We also examine the recent application of μPEDs in biomedicine, the environment, and food and water safety, as well as some limitations and challenges that must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Benjamin Holman
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhengdi Shi
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Adeola A Fadahunsi
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Chengpan Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China.
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13
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Kim ER, Joe C, Mitchell RJ, Gu MB. Biosensors for healthcare: current and future perspectives. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:374-395. [PMID: 36567185 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors are utilized in several different fields, including medicine, food, and the environment; in this review, we examine recent developments in biosensors for healthcare. These involve three distinct types of biosensor: biosensors for in vitro diagnosis with blood, saliva, or urine samples; continuous monitoring biosensors (CMBs); and wearable biosensors. Biosensors for in vitro diagnosis have seen a significant expansion recently, with newly reported clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas methodologies and improvements to many established integrated biosensor devices, including lateral flow assays (LFAs) and microfluidic/electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (μPADs/ePADs). We conclude with a discussion of two novel groups of biosensors that have drawn great attention recently, continuous monitoring and wearable biosensors, as well as with perspectives on the commercialization and future of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ryung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheulmin Joe
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert J Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Bock Gu
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Anushka, Bandopadhyay A, Das PK. Paper based microfluidic devices: a review of fabrication techniques and applications. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. SPECIAL TOPICS 2022; 232:781-815. [PMID: 36532608 PMCID: PMC9743133 DOI: 10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of applications are possible with paper-based analytical devices, which are low priced, easy to fabricate and operate, and require no specialized equipment. Paper-based microfluidics offers the design of miniaturized POC devices to be applied in the health, environment, food, and energy sector employing the ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment free and Deliverable to end users) principle of WHO. Therefore, this field is growing very rapidly and ample research is being done. This review focuses on fabrication and detection techniques reported to date. Additionally, this review emphasises on the application of this technology in the area of medical diagnosis, energy generation, environmental monitoring, and food quality control. This review also presents the theoretical analysis of fluid flow in porous media for the efficient handling and control of fluids. The limitations of PAD have also been discussed with an emphasis to concern on the transformation of such devices from laboratory to the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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15
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Xiong X, Guo C, Yan G, Han B, Wu Z, Chen Y, Xu S, Shao P, Song H, Xu X, Han J. Simultaneous Cross-type Detection of Water Quality Indexes via a Smartphone-App Integrated Microfluidic Paper-Based Platform. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44338-44345. [PMID: 36506192 PMCID: PMC9730490 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water quality guarantee in remote areas necessitates the development of portable, sensitive, fast, cost-effective, and easy-to-use water quality detection methods. The current work reports on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) integrated with a smartphone app for the simultaneous detection of cross-type water quality parameters including pH, Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), and nitrite. The shapes, baking time, amount, and ratios of reaction reagent mixtures of wax μPAD were optimized to improve the color uniformity and intensity effectively. An easy-to-use smartphone app was established for recording, analyzing, and directly reading the colorimetric signals and target concentrations on μPAD. The results showed that under the optimum conditions, the current analytical platform has reached the detection limits of 0.4, 1.9, 2.9, and 1.1 ppm for nitrite, Cu(II), Ni(II), and Fe(III), respectively, and the liner ranges are 2.3-90 ppm (nitrite), 3.8-400 ppm (Cu(II)), 2.9-1000 ppm (Ni(II)), 2.8-500 ppm (Fe(III)), and 5-9 (pH). The proposed portable smartphone-app integrated μPAD detection system was successfully applied to real industrial wastewater and river water quality monitoring. The proposed method has great potential for field water quality detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Xiong
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
- Yangtze
Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Chengwang Guo
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Gengyang Yan
- School
of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Bingxin Han
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Zan Wu
- Institute
of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy
of Science and Technology, Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical
Analysis, Beijing100089, China
| | - Yueqian Chen
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
- Yangtze
Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Peng Shao
- Institute
of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy
of Science and Technology, Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical
Analysis, Beijing100089, China
| | - Hong Song
- School
of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Xiyan Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing102488, China
| | - Junfeng Han
- Centre
for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum
Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
- Yangtze
Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing314000, China
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16
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Lomae A, Preechakasedkit P, Teekayupak K, Panraksa Y, Yukird J, Chailapakul O, Ruecha N. Microfluidic Paper-Based Device for Medicinal Diagnosis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-127355. [PMID: 36330618 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666221103103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) devices has rapidly grown since they offer immediate test results with ease of use, makingthem suitable for home self-testing patients and caretakers. However, the POCT development has faced the challenges of increased cost and limited resources. Therefore, the paper substrate as a low-cost material has been employed to develop a cost-effective POCT device, known as "Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs)". This device is gaining attention as a promising tool for medicinal diagnostic applications owing to its unique features of simple fabrication, low cost, enabling manipulation flow (capillarydriven flow), the ability to store reagents, and accommodating multistep assay requirements. OBJECTIVE This review comprehensively examines the fabrication methods and device designs (2D/3D configuration) and their advantages and disadvantages, focusing on updated μPADs applications for motif identification. METHODS The evolution of paper-based devices, starting from the traditional devices of dipstick and lateral flow assay (LFA) with μPADs, has been described. Patterned structure fabrication of each technique has been compared among the equipment used, benefits, and drawbacks. Microfluidic device designs, including 2D and 3D configurations, have been introduced as well as their modifications. Various designs of μPADs have been integrated with many powerful detection methods such as colorimetry, electrochemistry, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, and SER-based sensors for medicinal diagnosis applications. CONCLUSION The μPADs potential to deal with commercialization in terms of the state-of-the-art of μPADs in medicinal diagnosis has been discussed. A great prototype, which is currently in a reallife application breakthrough, has been updated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchara Lomae
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattarachaya Preechakasedkit
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kanyapat Teekayupak
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yosita Panraksa
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jutiporn Yukird
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nipapan Ruecha
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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17
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Lomae A, Chaiyo S, Chailapakul O, Siangproh W, Panchompoo J. Fully integrated colorimetric sensor based on transparency substrate for salbutamol determination. MethodsX 2022; 9:101913. [PMID: 36405363 PMCID: PMC9667289 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile colorimetric method for the determination of salbutamol based on a simple redox reaction using permanganate as reagent was first investigated at the transparency-based analytical device (TAD). The colorimetric TAD sensor was in-lab constructed using a transparent PET-based substrate, showing good compatibility with the permanganate reagent which could result in a vivid color change, clearly observed by the naked eye. This proposed colorimetric TAD sensor was successfully applied for salbutamol determination in real drug samples with good accuracy and satisfactory recovery, highlighting the potential capability of this TAD-based colorimetric sensor in pharmaceutical application.
A facile colorimetric method based on a typical redox reaction was first developed for the determination of salbutamol (SAL) using a low-cost and portable transparency-based analytical device (TAD). The TAD was simply fabricated by wax-printing onto a transparent polymer-based substrate to create the hydrophobic barriers and the colorimetric reaction zones where the color changes could be easily observed with the naked eye. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4), a common oxidizing agent, was deliberately used as a colorimetric reagent for SAL. Once SAL reacted with KMnO4 in the acidified system, it could undergo oxidation and the color of KMnO4 subsequently changed from light pink to orange. The color change corresponding to the SAL concentration could be clearly observed at the TAD sensor. In addition, the reaction color could be recorded using a digital camera and then analyzed by ImageJ for quantitative analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the developed method together with the TAD sensor exhibited high efficiency for SAL determination with linearity ranging from 0.5 to 40 mg·L−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 mg·L−1. This proposed TAD-based colorimetric method using permanganate as color reagent showed excellent performance in SAL detection with good accuracy and high precision.
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18
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Electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for tumor marker detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Li P, Xiong H, Yang B, Jiang X, Kong J, Fang X. Recent progress in CRISPR-based microfluidic assays and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Khamcharoen W, Kaewjua K, Yomthiangthae P, Anekrattanasap A, Chailapakul O, Siangproh W. Recent developments in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for pharmaceutical analysis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-127245. [PMID: 36305123 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666221027144310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, due to the global increase in diseases, drugs for biomedical applications have increased dramatically. Therefore, there is an urgent need for analytical tools to monitor, treat, investigate, and control drug compounds in diverse matrices. The new and challenging task has been looking for simple, low-cost, rapid, and portable analytical platforms. The development of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) has garnered immense attention in many analytical applications due to the benefit of cellulose structure. It can be functionalized and serves as an ideal channel and scaffold for the transportation and immobilization of various substances. Microfluidic technology has been considered an effective tool in pharmaceutical analysis that facilitates the quantitative measurement of several parameters on cells or other biological systems. The µPADs represent unique advantages over conventional microfluidics, such as the self-pumping capability. They have low material costs, are easy to fabricate, and do not require external power sources. This review gives an overview of the current designs in this decade for µPADs and their respective application in pharmaceutical analysis. These include device designs, choice of paper material, and fabrication techniques with their advantages and drawbacks. In addition, the strategies for improving analytical performance in terms of simplicity, high sensitivity, and selectivity are highlighted, followed by the application of µPADs design for the detection of drug compounds for various purposes. Moreover, we present recent advances involving µPAD technologies in the field of pharmaceutical applications. Finally, we discussed the challenges and potential of µPADs for the transition from laboratory to commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisarut Khamcharoen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Kantima Kaewjua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Phanumas Yomthiangthae
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Ananyaporn Anekrattanasap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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21
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Jampasa S, Kreangkaiwal C, Kalcher K, Waiwinya W, Techawiwattanaboon T, Songumpai N, Sueyanyongsiri P, Pattanasombatsakul K, Techapornroong M, Benjamanukul S, Chailapakul O, Patarakul K, Chaiyo S. Resistance-Based Lateral Flow Immunosensor with a NFC-Enabled Smartphone for Rapid Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Clinical Samples. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14583-14592. [PMID: 36219138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is one of the most life-threatening tropical diseases caused by pathogenic Leptospira. To date, a diagnostic device that offers rapid and sensitive detection of leptospires has been still in demand for proper treatment to reduce the mortality rate. Herein, we create a resistance-based lateral flow immunosensor diagnosis device (R-LFI) that integrates near-field communication (NFC) with a portable smartphone for leptospiral detection in clinical samples. A specific monoclonal antibody against the pathogen was coated on a nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) where the test line was collocated. Two electrodes with a sandwich-like configuration were installed employing a conductive double-sided adhesive tape and connected with a NFC smartphone-based detection system. A half-sandwich immunocomplex formation induced high proton conduction, resulting in a considerable decrement in resistive response. The performance of the R-LFI sensor was evaluated using recombinant LipL32 (rLipL32), Leptospira interrogans, and clinical samples. The R-LFI device exhibited linear responses toward rLipL32 protein in phosphate buffer and L. interrogans-spiked healthy human serum samples within the concentration ranging from 1 to 1000 ng mL-1 (limit of detection (LOD): 0.29 ng mL-1) and from 104 to 106 cell mL-1 (LOD: 4.89 × 103 cell mL-1), respectively. Our R-LFI sensor successfully detected L. interrogans-positive clinical samples as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This platform offers high specificity, selectivity, simplicity, miniscule sample volume, and no labeling element requirement. These desirable features make it particularly suitable for countries where medical facilities and resources are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakda Jampasa
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Chahya Kreangkaiwal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Kurt Kalcher
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, A-8010Graz, Austria
| | - Wassa Waiwinya
- Interdisciplinary Program, Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Nopporn Songumpai
- Division of Infectious diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla90110, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Saovanee Benjamanukul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Banphaeo General Hospital, Samut Sakhon74120, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Patarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Food and Water Risk Analysis (FAWRA), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
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22
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Seder I, Ham KM, Jun BH, Kim SJ. Mechanical Timer-Actuated Fluidic Dispensing System: Applications to an Automated Multistep Lateral Flow Immunoassay with High Sensitivity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12884-12889. [PMID: 36069050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a fluidic dispensing system that can automate the sequential fluidic delivery of multiple reagents for lateral flow assays. Highly sensitive assays typically require multiple solution-based sequences, including washing steps and signal amplification. However, implementation of these types of sequences on an automated and highly sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) platform remains challenging. Our platform consists of two disposable cartridges with reagent chambers and a test strip and an instrument that has a mechanical timer to actuate the cam-follower-gear components. The timer rotation sequentially shifts the position of the chambers and loads the reagents to the test paper strip. The dispensing intervals are controlled at a variation of <1% within a total actuation time of 60 min. Unlike other POCT devices, the timing of fluid delivery in our timer-actuated platform is not dependent on the selection of substrates and reagents, and the unique approach to fluidic delivery results in no reagent overlap or carryover, minimal reagent loss, and highly accurate fluidic timing control for highly sensitive solution-based assays. As a model application, the proposed platform applies a gold enhancement solution to amplify the detection signal and detect prostate-specific antigen with a limit of detection of 86 pg/mL within 27 min. This platform provides an opportunity for solution-based POCT applications with high sensitivity, thereby satisfying the requirement for user-friendly operations in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Seder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Ham
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Hyun Jun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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23
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Qi W, Zheng L, Hou Y, Duan H, Wang L, Wang S, Liu Y, Li Y, Liao M, Lin J. A finger-actuated microfluidic biosensor for colorimetric detection of foodborne pathogens. Food Chem 2022; 381:131801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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24
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Guo R, Xue L, Jin N, Duan H, Li M, Lin J. Power-free microfluidic biosensing of Salmonella with slide multivalve and disposable syringe. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114458. [PMID: 35714495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a power-free biosensor was presented to detect Salmonella typhimurium on a microfluidic chip using a slide multivalve for channel selection and a disposable syringe for fluidic transfer. First, bacterial sample with immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNPs) and glucose oxidase (GOx) modified immune polystyrene nanoparticles (IPNPs), washing buffer, glucose, and peroxide test strip (PTS) were preloaded in their respective chambers at the periphery of chip. After the slide multivalve was selected to connect sample chamber with common separation chamber, which was connected with a syringe, the mixture of Salmonella, IMNPs and IPNPs was back and forth moved through 3D Tesla-structure micromixer using the syringe, resulting in the formation of IMNP-Salmonella-IPNP complexes, which were captured in the separation chamber using a magnet. Then, two washing chambers were selectively connected respectively to remove sample background and excessive IPNPs, and glucose chamber was connected, allowing the GOx to catalyze glucose to produce hydrogen peroxide in the separation chamber. Finally, PTS chamber was connected and the catalysate was transferred from the separation chamber to the PTS chamber, leading to the color change of PTS, followed by using smartphone App to collect and analyze the image of PTS for bacterial determination. The simple biosensor enabled simple detection of Salmonella as few as 130 CFU/mL within 60 min and is promising for practical applications in the resource-limited regions due to its low cost, simple operation, and small size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Xue
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Nana Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Miaoyun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jianhan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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25
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Salahandish R, Hassani M, Zare A, Haghayegh F, Sanati-Nezhad A. Autonomous electrochemical biosensing of glial fibrillary acidic protein for point-of-care detection of central nervous system injuries. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1542-1555. [PMID: 35297932 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00025c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The integration of electrochemical biosensors into fluid handling units such as paper-based, centrifugal, and capillary microfluidic devices has been explored with the purpose of developing point-of-care platforms for quantitative detection of bodily fluid markers. However, the present fluidic device designs largely lack the capacity of full assay automation, needing manual loading of one or multiple reagents or requiring external devices for liquid manipulation. Such fluidic handing platforms also require universality for detecting various biomarkers. These platforms are also largely produced using materials unsuitable for scalable manufacturing and with a high production cost. The mechanism of fluid flow also often induces noise to the embedded biosensors which adversely impacts the accuracy of biosensing. This work addresses these challenges by presenting a reliable design of a fully automated and universal capillary-driven microfluidic platform that automates several steps of label-free electrochemical biosensing assays. These steps include sample aliquoting, controlled incubation, removal of non-specific bindings, reagent mixing and delivery to sensing electrodes, and electrochemical detection. The multilayer architecture of the microfluidic device is made of polymeric and adhesive materials commercially used for the fabrication of point-of-care devices. The design and geometry of different components of the device (e.g., sampling unit, mixer, resistances, delay valves, interconnecting components) were optimized using a combined experimental testing and numerical fluid flow modeling to reach high reproducibility and minimize the noise-induced to the biosensor. As a proof of concept, the performance of this on-chip immunosensing platform was demonstrated for rapid and autonomous detection of glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAP) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The microfluidic immunosensing device exhibited a linear detection range of 10-1000 pg mL-1 for the detection of GFAP within 30 min, with a limit of detection (LoD) and sensitivity of 3 pg mL-1 and 39 mL pg-1 mm-2 in PBS, respectively. Owing to its simplicity, sample-to-result performance, universality for handing different biofluids, low cost, high reproducibility, compatibility with scalable production, and short analysis time, the proposed biosensing platform can be further adapted for the detection of other biomarkers in different clinical bodily fluids for rapid diagnostic and prognostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Salahandish
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, CCIT 125 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mohsen Hassani
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Azam Zare
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Haghayegh
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amir Sanati-Nezhad
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, CCIT 125 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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26
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Yakoh A, Mehmeti E, Kalcher K, Chaiyo S. Hand-Operated, Paper-Based Rotational Vertical-Flow Immunosensor for the Impedimetric Detection of α-Fetoprotein. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5893-5900. [PMID: 35394293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a hand-operated, paper-based rotational vertical-flow immunosensor (rotational VFI) platform requiring fewer pipetting steps, designed for the electrochemical detection of α-fetoprotein with multiple and time-sequenced steps. The platform allows users to perform electrochemical measurements without interference from the convective component of fluid motion, which is unfavorable in most techniques. Users can freely transfer-switch-stop fluid flows by manually rotating the paper disk, evidencing the superior flexibility of this sensor compared to other biosensors. Furthermore, the overall assay duration can be considerably shortened to 9 min. The linear range (LR) is determined to be 0.01-500 ng/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.65 pg/mL, and the sensitivity can be significantly enhanced simply by switching off the sample stream to ensure detention at the binding zone (for up to 30 min). This additional step can widen the LR to 0.5 pg/mL, with a LOD of 3.54 fg/mL, which is the lowest detectable level ever reported among paper-based sensors. The advantages of the designed rotational VFI qualify it as a suitable alternative to various biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadee Yakoh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Eda Mehmeti
- UBT-Higher Education Institution, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lagjja Kalabria p.n., 10000 Prishtine, Kosovo
| | - Kurt Kalcher
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University, Universitätsplatz 1, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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27
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Zhang H, Li X, Zhu Q, Wang Z. The recent development of nanomaterials enhanced paper-based electrochemical analytical devices. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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28
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Drobysh M, Ramanaviciene A, Viter R, Chen CF, Samukaite-Bubniene U, Ratautaite V, Ramanavicius A. Biosensors for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:666. [PMID: 35054850 PMCID: PMC8776074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring and tracking infection is required in order to reduce the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To achieve this goal, the development and deployment of quick, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods are necessary. The determination of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is performed by biosensing devices, which vary according to detection methods and the biomarkers which are inducing/providing an analytical signal. RNA hybridisation, antigen-antibody affinity interaction, and a variety of other biological reactions are commonly used to generate analytical signals that can be precisely detected using electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence, optical, and other methodologies and transducers. Electrochemical biosensors, in particular, correspond to the current trend of bioanalytical process acceleration and simplification. Immunosensors are based on the determination of antigen-antibody interaction, which on some occasions can be determined in a label-free mode with sufficient sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryia Drobysh
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (U.S.-B.); (V.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Roman Viter
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, Sanatornaya Str. 31, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Urte Samukaite-Bubniene
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (U.S.-B.); (V.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (U.S.-B.); (V.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (U.S.-B.); (V.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences Nankai University Tianjin China
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30
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Boonkaew S, Yakoh A, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Rengpipat S, Siangproh W, Chailapakul O. An automated fast-flow/delayed paper-based platform for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus core antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 193:113543. [PMID: 34416431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) are useful analytical devices that serve as point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for various clinical biomarkers in view of their simplicity, portability, and low-cost format. However, multistep reagent manipulation usually restricts the performance of the device for end users. Herein, we developed a sequential ePAD for sequential immunosensing fluid delivery by integrating dual flow behaviors (fast-flow/delayed) within a single paper platform for the simultaneous detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C core antigen (HCVcAg). In the present work, a fast-flow channel was used for the automated washing of unbound antigens, while a delayed channel was created to store a redox reagent for further electrochemical analysis with a single buffer loading (the analysis time can be completed within 500 s). Hence, the undesirable complex procedure of multi-step reagent manipulation is scarcely needed by the user. The detection limit of the proposed ePAD was as low as 18.2 pg mL-1 for HBsAg and 1.19 pg mL-1 for HCVcAg. In addition, this proposed ePAD was also proven to be effective in real clinical sera from patients to verify its biological applicability. The ePAD sensor shows high promise as an easy-to-use, portable, and extendable sensor for other multiplex biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanat Boonkaew
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Abdulhadee Yakoh
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rengpipat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Wattana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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31
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Khaliliazar S, Toldrà A, Chondrogiannis G, Hamedi MM. Electroanalytical Paper-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Biosensors with Integrated Thread Electrodes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14187-14195. [PMID: 34648274 PMCID: PMC8552215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are very sensitive and specific methods, but they mainly rely on centralized laboratories and therefore are not suitable for point-of-care testing. Here, we present a 3D microfluidic paper-based electrochemical NAAT. These devices use off-the-shelf gold plasma-coated threads to integrate electroanalytical readouts using ex situ self-assembled monolayer formation on the threads prior to assembling into the paper device. They further include a sandwich hybridization assay with sample incubation, rinsing, and detection steps all integrated using movable stacks of filter papers to allow time-sequenced reactions. The devices use glass fiber substrates for storing recombinase polymerase amplification reagents and conducting the isothermal amplification. We used the paper-based device for the detection of the toxic microalgae Ostreopsis cf. ovata. The NAAT, completed in 95 min, attained a limit of detection of 0.06 pM target synthetic DNA and was able to detect 1 ng/μL O. cf. ovata genomic DNA with negligible cross-reactivity from a closely related microalgae species. We think that the integration of thread electrodes within paper-based devices paves the way for digital one-time use NAATs and numerous other advanced electroanalytical paper- or textile-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios Chondrogiannis
- School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
| | - Mahiar Max Hamedi
- School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
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32
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Microchip electrophoresis and electrochemical detection: A review on a growing synergistic implementation. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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33
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Zhou C, Cui K, Liu Y, Li L, Zhang L, Hao S, Ge S, Yu J. Bi 2S 3@MoS 2 Nanoflowers on Cellulose Fibers Combined with Octahedral CeO 2 for Dual-Mode Microfluidic Paper-Based MiRNA-141 Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32780-32789. [PMID: 34228452 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An effective dual-mode microfluidic paper-based analysis device (μPAD) was proposed via Bi2S3@MoS2 nanoflowers combined with octahedral CeO2 for ultrasensitive miRNA-141 bioassay. To obtain the amplified electrochemical signal, Bi2S3@MoS2 nanoflowers were first in situ grown onto the surface of cellulose fibers to promote the reduction of H2O2. The prism-anchored octahedral CeO2 nanoparticles with a great catalytic function on the reduction of H2O2 were linked up to the functionalized cellulose fibers through the hybridization chain reaction to further enhance the electrochemical signal. By means of the catalysis effect of Bi2S3@MoS2 nanoflowers and octahedral CeO2 nanoparticles, the obtained signal was amplified, thereby achieving ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of the target. With the help of duplex specific nuclease, the octahedral CeO2 could be released from the electrochemical detection area and flow to the color channel through capillary action, which could initiate the oxidation reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine in the existence of H2O2 to generate a blue visual band, avoiding the error of distinguishing color depth caused by the naked eye and thus improving the accuracy of the visual method. Under the optimal conditions, satisfactory prediction and accurate detection performance were achieved in the range of 10 fM-1 nM and 0.5 fM-1 nM, respectively, by measuring the length of the blue product and the electrochemical signal intensity. The electrochemical/visual detection limits of the proposed μPAD for miRNA-141 were as low as 0.12 and 2.65 fM (S/N = 3). This work provides great potential for the construction of low-cost and high-performance dual-mode biosensors for the detection of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Kang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Li Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Shiji Hao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
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34
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Shi Y, Ye P, Yang K, Meng J, Guo J, Pan Z, Bayin Q, Zhao W. Application of Microfluidics in Immunoassay: Recent Advancements. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:2959843. [PMID: 34326976 PMCID: PMC8302407 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2959843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, point-of-care testing has played an important role in immunoassay, biochemical analysis, and molecular diagnosis, especially in low-resource settings. Among various point-of-care-testing platforms, microfluidic chips have many outstanding advantages. Microfluidic chip applies the technology of miniaturizing conventional laboratory which enables the whole biochemical process including reagent loading, reaction, separation, and detection on the microchip. As a result, microfluidic platform has become a hotspot of research in the fields of food safety, health care, and environmental monitoring in the past few decades. Here, the state-of-the-art application of microfluidics in immunoassay in the past decade will be reviewed. According to different driving forces of fluid, microfluidic platform is divided into two parts: passive manipulation and active manipulation. In passive manipulation, we focus on the capillary-driven microfluidics, while in active manipulation, we introduce pressure microfluidics, centrifugal microfluidics, electric microfluidics, optofluidics, magnetic microfluidics, and digital microfluidics. Additionally, within the introduction of each platform, innovation of the methods used and their corresponding performance improvement will be discussed. Ultimately, the shortcomings of different platforms and approaches for improvement will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Shi
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Peng Ye
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Kuojun Yang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jie Meng
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jiuchuan Guo
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zhixiang Pan
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Qiaoge Bayin
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Wenhao Zhao
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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35
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Noviana E, Ozer T, Carrell CS, Link JS, McMahon C, Jang I, Henry CS. Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices: From Design to Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11835-11885. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
| | - Tugba Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 34220
| | - Cody S. Carrell
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Link
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Catherine McMahon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea 04763
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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36
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Lee WC, Ng HY, Hou CY, Lee CT, Fu LM. Recent advances in lab-on-paper diagnostic devices using blood samples. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1433-1453. [PMID: 33881033 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01304h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-paper, or microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), use paper as a substrate material, and are patterned with a system of microchannels, reaction zones and sensing elements to perform analysis and detection. The sample transfer in such devices is performed by capillary action. As a result, external driving forces are not required, and hence the size and cost of the device are significantly reduced. Lab-on-paper devices have thus attracted significant attention for point-of-care medical diagnostic purposes in recent years, particularly in less-developed regions of the world lacking medical resources and infrastructures. This review discusses the major advances in lab-on-paper technology for blood analysis and diagnosis in the past five years. The review focuses particularly on the many clinical applications of lab-on-paper devices, including diabetes diagnosis, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) detection, kidney function diagnosis, liver function diagnosis, cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) analysis, sickle-cell disease (SCD) and phenylketonuria (PKU) analysis, virus analysis, C-reactive protein (CRP) analysis, blood ion analysis, cancer factor analysis, and drug analysis. The review commences by introducing the basic transmission principles, fabrication methods, structural characteristics, detection techniques, and sample pretreatment process of modern lab-on-paper devices. A comprehensive review of the most recent applications of lab-on-paper devices to the diagnosis of common human diseases using blood samples is then presented. The review concludes with a brief summary of the main challenges and opportunities facing the lab-on-paper technology field in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Over the past decades, microfluidic devices based on many advanced techniques have aroused widespread attention in the fields of chemical, biological, and analytical applications. Integration of microdevices with a variety of chip designs will facilitate promising functionality. Notably, the combination of microfluidics with functional nanomaterials may provide creative ideas to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of various biospecies. In this review, focused on the microfluids and microdevices in terms of their fabrication, integration, and functions, we summarize the up-to-date developments in microfluidics-based analysis of biospecies, where biomarkers, small molecules, cells, and pathogens as representative biospecies have been explored in-depth. The promising applications of microfluidic biosensors including clinical diagnosis, food safety control, and environmental monitoring are also discussed. This review aims to highlight the importance of microfluidics-based biosensors in achieving high throughput, highly sensitive, and low-cost analysis and to promote microfluidics toward a wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Linlu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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Ding R, Cheong YH, Ahamed A, Lisak G. Heavy Metals Detection with Paper-Based Electrochemical Sensors. Anal Chem 2021; 93:1880-1888. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Ding
- College of Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Residues and Resource Reclamation Center, 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Yi Heng Cheong
- College of Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Residues and Resource Reclamation Center, 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Ashiq Ahamed
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Residues and Resource Reclamation Center, 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- College of Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Residues and Resource Reclamation Center, 1 Cleantech Loop, Cleantech, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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Adrover-Jaume C, Rojo-Molinero E, Clemente A, Russell SM, Arranz J, Oliver A, de la Rica R. Mobile origami immunosensors for the rapid detection of urinary tract infections. Analyst 2021; 145:7916-7921. [PMID: 33020772 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) have a high prevalence and can yield poor patient outcomes if they progress to urosepsis. Here we introduce mobile origami biosensors that detect UTIs caused by E. coli at the bedside in less than 7 minutes. The origami biosensors are made of a single piece of paper that contains antibody-decorated nanoparticles. When the urine sample contains E. coli, the biosensors generate colored spots on the paper strip. These are then quantified with a mobile app that calculates the pixel intensity in real time. The tests are highly specific and do not cross-react with other common uropathogens. Furthermore, the biosensors only yielded one false negative result when queried with a panel containing 57 urine samples from patients, which demonstrates that they have excellent sensitivity and specificity. This, along with the rapid assay time and smartphone-based detection, makes them useful for aiding in the diagnosis of UTIs at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Adrover-Jaume
- Multidisciplinary Sepsis Group, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Spain.
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Dabbagh SR, Becher E, Ghaderinezhad F, Havlucu H, Ozcan O, Ozkan M, Yetisen AK, Tasoglu S. Increasing the packing density of assays in paper-based microfluidic devices. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:011502. [PMID: 33569089 PMCID: PMC7864678 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based devices have a wide range of applications in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food monitoring. Paper-based devices can be deployed to resource-limited countries and remote settings in developed countries. Paper-based point-of-care devices can provide access to diagnostic assays without significant user training to perform the tests accurately and timely. The market penetration of paper-based assays requires decreased device fabrication costs, including larger packing density of assays (i.e., closely packed features) and minimization of assay reagents. In this review, we discuss fabrication methods that allow for increasing packing density and generating closely packed features in paper-based devices. To ensure that the paper-based device is low-cost, advanced fabrication methods have been developed for the mass production of closely packed assays. These emerging methods will enable minimizing the volume of required samples (e.g., liquid biopsies) and reagents in paper-based microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaina Becher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Fariba Ghaderinezhad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Hayati Havlucu
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR), Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Ozcan
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR), Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mehmed Ozkan
- Boğaziçi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Çengelköy, Istanbul 34684, Turkey
| | - Ali Kemal Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Yakoh A, Pimpitak U, Rengpipat S, Hirankarn N, Chailapakul O, Chaiyo S. Paper-based electrochemical biosensor for diagnosing COVID-19: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 176:112912. [PMID: 33358057 PMCID: PMC7746088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is emerging as a global pandemic outbreak. To date, approximately one million deaths and over 32 million cases have been reported. This ongoing pandemic urgently requires an accurate testing device that can be used in the field in a fast manner. Serological assays to detect antibodies have been proven to be a great complement to the standard method of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), particularly after the second week of infection. We have developed a specific and sensitive immunosensor for immunoglobulin detection produced against SARS-CoV-2. Unlike other lateral flow-based assays (LFAs) involving the utilization of multiple antibodies, we have reported a label-free paper-based electrochemical platform targeting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies without the specific requirement of an antibody. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies will interrupt the redox conversion of the redox indicator, resulting in a decreased current response. This electrochemical sensor was proven effective in real clinical sera from patients with satisfactory results. In addition, the proposed format was also extended to antigen detection (the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2), which presents new possibilities for diagnosing COVID-19. Electrochemical sensor for COVID-19 diagnostic. Serological assay for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was demonstrated. Sensitivity enhancement compared to the traditional LFA devices. Applicable to real clinical sera with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadee Yakoh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Pimpitak
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Rengpipat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Qualified Diagnostic Development Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Srisomwat C, Yakoh A, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Vilaivan T, Chailapakul O. Amplification-free DNA Sensor for the One-Step Detection of the Hepatitis B Virus Using an Automated Paper-Based Lateral Flow Electrochemical Device. Anal Chem 2020; 93:2879-2887. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chawin Srisomwat
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Abdulhadee Yakoh
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tirayut Vilaivan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Baharfar M, Rahbar M, Tajik M, Liu G. Engineering strategies for enhancing the performance of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 167:112506. [PMID: 32823207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Applications of electrochemical detection methods in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) has revolutionized the area of point-of-care (POC) testing towards highly sensitive and selective quantification of various (bio)chemical analytes in a miniaturized, low-coat, rapid, and user-friendly manner. Shortly after the initiation, these relatively new modulations of μPADs, named as electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs), gained widespread popularity within the POC research community thanks to the inherent advantages of both electrochemical sensing and usage of paper as a suitable substrate for POC testing platforms. Even though general aspects of ePADs such as applications and fabrication techniques, have already been reviewed multiple times in the literature, herein, we intend to provide a critical engineering insight into the area of ePADs by focusing particularly on the practical strategies utilized to enhance their analytical performance (i.e. sensitivity), while maintaining the desired simplicity and efficiency intact. Basically, the discussed strategies are driven by considering the parameters potentially affecting the generated electrochemical signal in the ePADs. Some of these parameters include the type of filter paper, electrode fabrication methods, electrode materials, fluid flow patterns, etc. Besides, the limitations and challenges associated with the development of ePADs are discussed, and further insights and directions for future research in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahroo Baharfar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Rahbar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Tajik
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Wang CM, Chen CY, Liao WS. Enclosed paper-based analytical devices: Concept, variety, and outlook. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1144:158-174. [PMID: 33453793 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analytical devices possess desirable properties such as low cost, convenient production, and rapid output. These advantages over conventional analytical devices have attracted tremendous attention in recent years, and an abundance of fabrication techniques have been achieved with different designs. Related approaches are adopted by scientists and engineers from different research fields to create practical devices tailored for various applications. Among a diverse selection of strategies, paper-based analytical devices featuring enclosed channels can protect its contents from environmental harm, which is helpful in designing paper-based devices aimed toward practical use. However, superior properties of enclosed device designs have often been neglected when a paper-based platform is selected, and related discussion is still lacking in the field. To fill this empty space in the relevant literature, important issues are highlighted and recent research achievements are included in this article, which should have implication for scientists interested in sensing technology, analytical chemistry, material science, and miniaturized devices. For the convenience of reader's understanding, this article provides a general introduction to the basic properties and concepts of paper-based analytical devices. Firstly, commonly used fabrication strategies and detection methods are mentioned, with an in-depth emphasis on paper-based devices with enclosed channels, including breakthroughs in device types, thoughts on novel fabrication, and practical application examples. Subsequently, other important topics related to enclosed paper-based device design are summarized, and future challenges and opportunities in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chong-You Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ssu Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Ming T, Luo J, Liu J, Sun S, Xing Y, Wang H, Xiao G, Deng Y, Cheng Y, Yang Z, Jin H, Cai X. Paper-based microfluidic aptasensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 170:112649. [PMID: 33022516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For in-situ disease markers detection, point-of-care (POC) diagnosis has great advantages in speed and cost compared with traditional techniques. The rapid diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance of diseases can significantly reduce disease-related mortality and trauma. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to the POC diagnosis devices due to their excellent diagnosis speed and portability. Over the past ten years, paper-based microfluidic aptasensors have emerged as a class of critical POC diagnosis devices and various aptasensors have been proposed to detect various disease markers. However, most aptasensors need further improvement before they can actually enter the market and be widely used. There is thus an urgent need to sort out the key points of preparing the aptasensors and the direction that needs to be invested in. This review summarizes the representative articles in the development of paper-based microfluidic aptasensors. These works can be divided into paper-based optical aptasensors and paper-based electrochemical aptasensors according to their output signals. Significant focus is applied to these works according to the following three parts: (1) The ingenious design of device structure; (2) Application and synthesis of nanomaterial; (3) The detection principle of the proposed aptasensor. This is a detailed and comprehensive review of paper-based microfluidic aptasensors. The accomplishments and shortcomings of the current aptasensors are outlined, the development direction and the future prospective are given. It is hoped that the research in this review can provide a reference for further development of more advanced, more effective paper-based microfluidic aptasensors for POC disease markers diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ming
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jinping Luo
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yu Xing
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Guihua Xiao
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yu Deng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Zhugen Yang
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Hongyan Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Xinxia Cai
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
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Nunez-Bajo E, Fernández-Abedul MT. Paper-based platforms with coulometric readout for ascorbic acid determination in fruit juices. Analyst 2020; 145:3431-3439. [PMID: 32259174 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00477d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the development of simple, fast, sustainable and low-cost analytical methodologies on paper-based platforms. However, sensitive detection strategies that fit properly with these devices are still required. In this work, a calibration-free method is proposed for analytical determinations performed on paper-based electrochemical devices, in this case, for ascorbic acid. Carbon ink is deposited on a hydrophilic working area of the paper delimited with a hydrophobic wax. This maskless procedure is fast and cuts down ink waste. The connection of this working electrode to the potentiostat is provided by reusable gold-plated connector headers that provide also the reference and counter electrodes. The thickness of the paper substrate defines the electrochemical cell and confines a sample volume, ideal for thin-layer coulometry. Controlled-potential coulometry is performed applying a potential of +0.6 V for 50 s. The charge is calculated by measuring the area under the fast chronoamperogram and the concentration is determined following Faraday's law (known number of transferred electrons). This methodology was applied to the determination of ascorbic acid, with a limit of detection of 40 μM. Its concentration in commercial fruit juices can be directly determined in diluted samples. The absence of matrix effects is observed by comparing the results obtained before and after enzymatic reaction of the sample with cucumber ascorbate oxidase. Good accuracy and precision makes this method suitable for quality control of ascorbic acid in commercial juices. Underexploited coulometric readout can be applied as a fast (calibration-free) and low-cost (standards not required) transduction principle for the newly developed paper devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Nunez-Bajo
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Sassa F, Biswas GC, Suzuki H. Microfabricated electrochemical sensing devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1358-1389. [PMID: 32129358 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry provides possibilities to realize smart microdevices of the next generation with high functionalities. Electrodes, which constitute major components of electrochemical devices, can be formed by various microfabrication techniques, and integration of the same (or different) components for that purpose is not difficult. Merging this technique with microfluidics can further expand the areas of application of the resultant devices. To augment the development of next generation devices, it will be beneficial to review recent technological trends in this field and clarify the directions required for moving forward. Even when limiting the discussion to electrochemical microdevices, a variety of useful techniques should be considered. Therefore, in this review, we attempted to provide an overview of all relevant techniques in this context in the hope that it can provide useful comprehensive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Sassa
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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Aydın HB, Cheema JA, Ammanath G, Toklucu C, Yucel M, Özenler S, Palaniappan A, Liedberg B, Yildiz UH. Pixelated colorimetric nucleic acid assay. Talanta 2020; 209:120581. [PMID: 31892020 PMCID: PMC7111824 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have been widely used as reporters in colorimetric assays targeting nucleic acids. CPEs provide naked eye detection possibility by their superior optical properties however, as concentration of target analytes decrease, trace amounts of nucleic acid typically yield colorimetric responses that are not readily perceivable by naked eye. Herein, we report a pixelated analysis approach for correlating colorimetric responses of CPE with nucleic acid concentrations down to 1 nM, in plasma samples, utilizing a smart phone with an algorithm that can perform analytical testing and data processing. The detection strategy employed relies on conformational transitions between single stranded nucleic acid-cationic CPE duplexes and double stranded nucleic acid-CPE triplexes that yield distinct colorimetric responses for enabling naked eye detection of nucleic acids. Cationic poly[N,N,N-triethyl-3-((4-methylthiophen-3-yl)oxy)propan-1-aminium bromide] is utilized as the CPE reporter deposited on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane for nucleic acid assay. A smart phone application is developed to capture and digitize the colorimetric response of the individual pixels of the digital images of CPE on the PVDF membrane, followed by an analysis using the algorithm. The proposed pixelated approach enables precise quantification of nucleic acid assay concentrations, thereby eliminating the margin of error involved in conventional methodologies adopted for interpretation of colorimetric responses, for instance, RGB analysis. The obtained results illustrate that a ubiquitous smart phone could be utilized for point of care colorimetric nucleic acids assays in complex matrices without requiring sophisticated software or instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Berk Aydın
- Department of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Jamal Ahmed Cheema
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gopal Ammanath
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore; Nanyang Institute of Technology in Health and Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Cihan Toklucu
- Department of Computer Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muge Yucel
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sezer Özenler
- Department of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alagappan Palaniappan
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Umit Hakan Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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Gutiérrez-Capitán M, Baldi A, Fernández-Sánchez C. Electrochemical Paper-Based Biosensor Devices for Rapid Detection of Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E967. [PMID: 32054035 PMCID: PMC7070566 DOI: 10.3390/s20040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In healthcare, new diagnostic tools that help in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of diseases rapidly and accurately are in high demand. For in-situ measurement of disease or infection biomarkers, point-of-care devices provide a dramatic speed advantage over conventional techniques, thus aiding clinicians in decision-making. During the last decade, paper-based analytical devices, combining paper substrates and electrochemical detection components, have emerged as important point-of-need diagnostic tools. This review highlights significant works on this topic over the last five years, from 2015 to 2019. The most relevant articles published in 2018 and 2019 are examined in detail, focusing on device fabrication techniques and materials applied to the production of paper fluidic and electrochemical cell architectures as well as on the final device assembly. Two main approaches were identified, that are, on one hand, those ones where the fabrication of the electrochemical cell is done on the paper substrate, where the fluidic structures are also defined, and, on the other hand, the fabrication of those ones where the electrochemical cell and liquid-driving paper component are defined on different substrates and then heterogeneously assembled. The main limitations of the current technologies are outlined and an outlook on the current technology status and future prospects is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gutiérrez-Capitán
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Antonio Baldi
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - César Fernández-Sánchez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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