1
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Zhang T, Wang D, Liu J. Periodic Single-Metal Site Catalysts: Creating Homogeneous and Ordered Atomic-Precision Structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408259. [PMID: 39149786 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous single-metal-site catalysts (SMSCs), often referred to as single-atom catalysts (SACs), demonstrate promising catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability across a wide spectrum of reactions due to their rationally designed microenvironments encompassing coordination geometry, binding ligands, and electronic configurations. However, the inherent disorderliness of SMSCs at both atomic scale and nanoscale poses challenges in deciphering working principles and establishing the correlations between microenvironments and the catalytic performances of SMSCs. The rearrangement of randomly dispersed single metals into homogeneous and atomic-precisely structured periodic single-metal site catalysts (PSMSCs) not only simplifies the chaos in SMSCs systems but also unveils new opportunities for manipulating catalytic performance and gaining profound insights into reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the synergistic effects of adjacent single metals and the integration effects of periodic single-metal arrangement further broaden the industrial application scope of SMSCs. This perspective offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and outlines prospective avenues for research in the design and characterizations of PSMSCs, while also acknowledging the formidable challenges encountered and the promising prospects that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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2
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Okamoto S, Hashikawa Y, Murata Y. Phosphine-Mediated Dimerization of Open-[60]Fullerenes. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400142. [PMID: 38589293 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
By a reaction of trimethylphosphine with an open-[60]fullerene, corresponding dimers could be generated via two-fold deoxygenation processes even though the formation of β-oxo-phosphorous ylide is inevitable, a part of which is hydrolyzed to yield an α-methylene carbonyl derivative. Nevertheless, Wittig reaction and aldol condensation did not proceed well, indicating the presence of an unknown dimerization pathway. In the ylide formation, 1-phosphonium-3-carbabetaine was previously proposed as a key intermediate. Upon assuming that the betaine also participates in the dimerization process, we examined a possible reaction pathway computationally. As the results, the betaine formed by a reaction with the first phosphine was suggested to undergo nucleophilic addition to an unreacted molecule of the open-[60]fullerene, yielding an epoxide dimer which is then deoxygenated by the second phosphine to furnish the desired open-[60]fullerene dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Okamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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3
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Taura D, Minami A, Mamiya F, Ousaka N, Itami K, Yashima E. Separation of enantiomers of chiral fullerene derivatives through enantioselective encapsulation within an adaptable helical cavity of syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) with helicity memory. Chirality 2024; 36:e23663. [PMID: 38561600 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Optically active left (M)- and right (P)-handed helical syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate)s (M- and P-st-PMMAs) with a helicity memory enantioselectively encapsulated the racemic C60 derivatives, such as 3,4-fulleroproline tert-butyl ester (rac-1) and tetraallylated C60 (rac-2), as well as the C60-bound racemic 310-helical peptides (rac-3) within their helical cavities to form peapod-like inclusion complexes and a unique "helix-in-helix" superstructure, respectively. The enantiomeric excess (ee) and separation factor (enantioselectivity) (α) of the analyte 1 (ee = 23%-25% and α = 2.35-2.50) encapsulated within the helical cavities of the M- and P-st-PMMAs were higher than those of the analytes 2 and 3 (ee = 4.3%-6.0% and α = 1.28-1.50). The optically pure (S)- and (R)-1 were found to more efficiently induce an excess one-handed helical conformation in the st-PMMA backbone than the optically pure (S)- and (R)-1-phenylethylamine, resulting in intense mirror-image vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra in the PMMA IR regions. The excess one-handed helices induced in the st-PMMAs complexed with (S)- and (R)-1 were memorized after replacement with the achiral C60, and the complexes exhibited induced electric CDs in the achiral C60 chromophore regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Taura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Minami
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Mamiya
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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4
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Iannace V, Sabrià C, Xu Y, Delius MV, Imaz I, Maspoch D, Feixas F, Ribas X. Regioswitchable Bingel Bis-Functionalization of Fullerene C 70 via Supramolecular Masks. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5186-5194. [PMID: 38311922 PMCID: PMC10910506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Isomer-pure functionalized fullerenes are required to boost the development of fullerene chemistry in any field, but their multiple functionalization renders a mixture of regioisomers that are very difficult to purify by chromatography. For the specific case of C70, its nonspherical geometry makes its regioselective functionalization more challenging than that of spherical C60. In this work, the supramolecular mask approach is applied for the first time to C70, which is encapsulated in two different nanocapsules to achieve the Bingel bis-cyclopropanation at α-bonds of opposite poles. Based on the tetragonal prismatic geometry imposed by the smaller supramolecular mask tested, the obtained major bis-adduct is completely reversed (major 5 o'clock) compared to bare C70 functionalization (major 2 o'clock). Moreover, by further restricting the accessibility of C70 using a three-shell Matryoshka mask and dibenzyl-bromomalonate, a single regiospecific 2 o'clock bis-isomer is obtained, owing to the perfect complementarity of the mask and the addend steric properties. The outcome of the reactions is fully explained at the molecular level by means of a thorough molecular dynamics (MD) study of the accessibility of the α-bonds to produce the different bis-adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Iannace
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clara Sabrià
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Youzhi Xu
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig de Lluís Companys
23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ferran Feixas
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona,
Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Hashikawa Y, Okamoto S, Murata Y. Synthesis of inter-[60]fullerene conjugates with inherent chirality. Nat Commun 2024; 15:514. [PMID: 38225251 PMCID: PMC10789730 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Coalescence of [60]fullerenes potentially produces hypothetical nanocarbon assemblies with non-naturally occurring topologies. Since the discovery of [60]fullerene in 1985, coalesced [60]fullerene oligomers have only been observed as transient species by transmission electron microscopy during an oligomerization process under a high electron acceleration voltage. Herein, we showcase the rational synthesis of covalent assemblies consisting of inherently chiral open-[60]fullerenes. The crystallographic analyses unveiled double-caged structures of non-conjugated and conjugated inter-[60]fullerene hybrids, in which the two [60]fullerene cages are bounds to each other through a covalent linkage. The former one further assembles via a heterochiral recognition so that four carbon cages are arranged in a tetrahedral manner both in solution and solid state. Reflecting radially-conjugated double π-surface nature, the inter-[60]fullerene conjugate exhibits strong electronic communication in its reduced states, intense absorption behavior, and chiroptical activity with a dissymmetry factor of 0.21 (at 674 nm) which breaks the record for known chiral organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Shu Okamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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6
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Maeda Y, Akita S, Suzuki M, Yamada M, Akasaka T, Kobayashi K, Nagase S. Controlling the reactivity of La@C 82 by reduction: reaction of the La@C 82 anion with alkyl halide with high regioselectivity. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1858-1866. [PMID: 38116242 PMCID: PMC10729119 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endohedral metallofullerenes have excellent redox properties, which can be used to vary their reactivity to certain classes of molecules, such as alkyl halides. In this study, the thermal reaction of the La@C2v-C82 anion with benzyl bromide derivatives 1 at 110 °C afforded single-bonded adducts 2-5 with high regioselectivity. The products were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and visible-near infrared spectroscopy. The reaction of La@C2v-C82 with alkyl halides using the same conditions showed no consumption of La@C2v-C82, indicating that the reactivity of La@C2v-C82 toward alkyl halides was effectively increased by one-electron reduction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the single-bonded adduct 3a revealed the addition site of the p-methoxybenzyl group on La@C2v-C82. Theoretical calculations indicated that the addition site carbons in neutral La@C2v-C82 have high spin density, whereas those in the La@C2v-C82 anion do not have high charge densities. Thus, the reaction is believed to occur via electron transfer, followed by the radical coupling of La@C2v-C82 and benzyl radicals, rather than by bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction of La@C2v-C82 anion with 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
| | - Saeka Akita
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kobayashi
- Department of Theoretical Studies, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nagase
- Department of Theoretical Studies, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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7
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Kou J, Wu Q, Cui D, Geng Y, Zhang K, Zhang M, Zang H, Wang X, Su Z, Sun C. Selective Encapsulation and Chiral Induction of C 60 and C 70 Fullerenes by Axially Chiral Porous Aromatic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312733. [PMID: 37819157 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chiral induction has been an important topic in chemistry, not only for its relevance in understanding the mysterious phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking in nature but also due to its critical implications in medicine and the chiral industry. The induced chirality of fullerenes by host-guest interactions has been rarely reported, mainly attributed to their chiral resistance from high symmetry and challenges in their accessibility. Herein, we report two new pairs of chiral porous aromatic cages (PAC), R-PAC-2, S-PAC-2 (with Br substituents) and R-PAC-3, S-PAC-3 (with CH3 substituents) enantiomers. PAC-2, rather than PAC-3, achieves fullerene encapsulation and selective binding of C70 over C60 in fullerene carbon soot. More significantly, the occurrence of chiral induction between R-PAC-2, S-PAC-2 and fullerenes is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the intense CD signal within the absorption region of fullerenes. DFT calculations reveal the contribution of electrostatic effects originating from face-to-face arene-fullerene interactions dominate C70 selectivity and elucidate the substituent effect on fullerene encapsulation. The disturbance from the differential interactions between fullerene and surrounding chiral cages on the intrinsic highly symmetric electronic structure of fullerene could be the primary reason accounting for the induced chirality of fullerene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Kou
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Dongxu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Yun Geng
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Kunhao Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Hongying Zang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Chunyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery Institution, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
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8
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Wang WW, Zhao X, Ehara M. Mechanistic Studies of Regiocontrolled Bisaddition of Fullerenes Driven by Oriented External Electric Fields. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15783-15789. [PMID: 37938999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of achieving regioselective multifunctionalization on highly symmetric C60 and C70 fullerenes persists as a significant hurdle. In this study, we present a novel approach involving the participation of an oriented external electric field (OEEF) to facilitate the regioselective formation of bisadducts in C60/C70 fullerenes. These products are obtained through consecutive Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions. We constructed the field strength-barrier relationship and elucidated the OEEF-driven modulation mechanisms quantitatively. Leveraging the interplay between molecular dipoles and electric fields, the diverse reactions at distinct sites exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity to the applied electric fields, thereby leading to a pronounced regioselectivity in the bisaddition process. Our proposition suggests that the angle formed between the bonding direction (referred to as the reaction axis) and the external field can conveniently function as a predictive descriptor for the reactivity of different sites on the fullerene surface when subjected to electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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9
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Alon G, Ben-Haim Y, Tuvi-Arad I. Continuous symmetry and chirality measures: approximate algorithms for large molecular structures. J Cheminform 2023; 15:106. [PMID: 37946281 PMCID: PMC10636902 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-023-00777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying imperfect symmetry of molecules can help explore the sources, roles and extent of structural distortion. Based on the established methodology of continuous symmetry and chirality measures, we develop a set of three-dimensional molecular descriptors to estimate distortion of large structures. These three-dimensional geometrical descriptors quantify the gap between the desirable symmetry (or chirality) and the actual one. They are global parameters of the molecular geometry, intuitively defined, and have the ability to detect even minute structural changes of a given molecule across chemistry, including organic, inorganic, and biochemical systems. Application of these methods to large structures is challenging due to countless permutations that are involved in the symmetry operations and have to be accounted for. Our approach focuses on iteratively finding the approximate direction of the symmetry element in the three-dimensional space, and the relevant permutation. Major algorithmic improvements over previous versions are described, showing increased accuracy, reliability and structure preservation. The new algorithms are tested for three sets of molecular structures including pillar[5]arene complexes with Li+, C100 fullerenes, and large unit cells of metal organic frameworks. These developments complement our recent algorithms for calculating continuous symmetry and chirality measures for small molecules as well as protein homomers, and simplify the usage of the full set of measures for various research goals, in molecular modeling, QSAR and cheminformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Alon
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel.
| | - Yuval Ben-Haim
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
| | - Inbal Tuvi-Arad
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel.
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10
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Suresh R, Kuklin AV, Yamada Y, Tsuruta R, Ono Y, Polyutov SP, Ågren H. Superatom Molecular Orbitals of Endohedral C 82. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8126-8132. [PMID: 37733633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding superatom molecular orbital (SAMO) states in fullerene derivatives has been in the limelight ever since the first discovery of SAMOs owing to the fundamental interest in this topic as well as to the possible applications in molecular switches and other organic electronics. Nevertheless, very few reports have been published on SAMO states of larger fullerenes so far. Using density functional theory, we attempt to partially remedy this situation by presenting a study on SAMO states in C82 and its Ca and Sc endohedrally doped derivatives, comparing results with previous relevant findings for C60. We find that C82 possesses higher SAMO energies compared to C60, as associated with the symmetry of the molecule, and that endohedral doping leads to energetically favorable side positions of Ca and Sc inside the C82 cage. Among the two, Sc@C82 has more stable SAMO states compared to Ca@C82 as reflected by the shift in the density of states, while the charge states are found to be similar. In the case of the monolayer form, the pz- and 2s-SAMO orbitals overlap with the nearest neighbors, causing parabolic band dispersion with the formation of near free electron states and that the SAMO state energies move closer to the Fermi energy compared to the related molecules. These findings provide promising information about the distribution of SAMO states in C82 fullerene, which can be further relevant in studies of SAMO states of higher fullerenes and for coming applications of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Suresh
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry - IRC SQC, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Artem V Kuklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yoichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, R&D Center for Innovative Material Characterization, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennnodai, 305-8573 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tsuruta
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, R&D Center for Innovative Material Characterization, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennnodai, 305-8573 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yutaro Ono
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, R&D Center for Innovative Material Characterization, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennnodai, 305-8573 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sergey P Polyutov
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry - IRC SQC, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Yang Z, Xu T, Li H, She M, Chen J, Wang Z, Zhang S, Li J. Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11047-11136. [PMID: 37677071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest and play key roles in scientific innovations in diverse fields. In particular, increased attention has been focused on carbon-based nanomaterials exhibiting diverse extended structures and unique properties. Among these materials, zero-dimensional structures, including fullerenes, carbon nano-onions, carbon nanodiamonds, and carbon dots, possess excellent bioaffinities and superior fluorescence properties that make these structures suitable for application to environmental and biological sensing, imaging, and therapeutics. This review provides a systematic overview of the classification and structural properties, design principles and preparation methods, and optical properties and sensing applications of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials. Recent interesting breakthroughs in the sensitive and selective sensing and imaging of heavy metal pollutants, hazardous substances, and bioactive molecules as well as applications in information encryption, super-resolution and photoacoustic imaging, and phototherapy and nanomedicine delivery are the main focus of this review. Finally, future challenges and prospects of these materials are highlighted and envisaged. This review presents a comprehensive basis and directions for designing, developing, and applying fascinating fluorescent sensors fabricated based on zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials for specific requirements in numerous research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao She
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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12
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Chao D, Liu TX, Zhang P, Xia S, Zhang G. Copper-Mediated Radical-Induced Ring-Opening Relay Cascade Carboannulation Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Cyclobutanone Oxime Esters: Access to [60]Fullerene-Fused Cyclopentanes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13076-13088. [PMID: 37651613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
An unexpected copper-mediated radical-induced ring-opening relay cascade carboannulation reaction of [60]fullerene with cyclobutanone oxime esters is presented for the preparation of various Cl-/Br-incorporated [60]fullerene-fused cyclopentanes. The unique relay cascade transformation uses inexpensive copper salts as promoters and halogen sources and features simple redox-neutral conditions and a broad substrate scope, providing a practical access to a class of novel five-membered carbocycle-fused fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Xin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Pengling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Shilu Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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13
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Pérez H, Quintero García OJ, Amezcua-Allieri MA, Rodríguez Vázquez R. Nanotechnology as an efficient and effective alternative for wastewater treatment: an overview. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:2971-3001. [PMID: 37387425 PMCID: wst_2023_179 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the surface and groundwater contamination due to global population growth, industrialization, proliferation of pathogens, emerging pollutants, heavy metals, and scarcity of drinking water represents a critical problem. Because of this problem, particular emphasis will be placed on wastewater recycling. Conventional wastewater treatment methods may be limited due to high investment costs or, in some cases, poor treatment efficiency. To address these issues, it is necessary to continuously evaluate novel technologies that complement and improve these traditional wastewater treatment processes. In this regard, technologies based on nanomaterials are also being studied. These technologies improve wastewater management and constitute one of the main focuses of nanotechnology. The following review describes wastewater's primary biological, organic, and inorganic contaminants. Subsequently, it focuses on the potential of different nanomaterials (metal oxides, carbon-based nanomaterials, cellulose-based nanomaterials), membrane, and nanobioremediation processes for wastewater treatment. The above is evident from the review of various publications. However, nanomaterials' cost, toxicity, and biodegradability need to be addressed before their commercial distribution and scale-up. The development of nanomaterials and nanoproducts must be sustainable and safe throughout the nanoproduct life cycle to meet the requirements of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heilyn Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico E-mail:
| | - Omar Jasiel Quintero García
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Myriam Adela Amezcua-Allieri
- Gerencia de Transformación de Biomasa, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Mexico City 07730, Mexico
| | - Refugio Rodríguez Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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14
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Enantioselective fullerene functionalization through stereochemical information transfer from a self-assembled cage. Nat Chem 2023; 15:405-412. [PMID: 36550231 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The regioselective functionalization of C60 remains challenging, while the enantioselective functionalization of C60 is difficult to explore due to the need for complex chiral tethers or arduous chromatography. Metal-organic cages have served as masks to effect the regioselective functionalization of C60. However, it is difficult to control the stereochemistry of the resulting fullerene adducts through this method. Here we report a means of defining up to six stereocentres on C60, achieving enantioselective fullerene functionalization. This method involves the use of a metal-organic cage built from a chiral formylpyridine. Fullerenes hosted within the cavity of the cage can be converted into a series of C60 adducts through chemo-, regio- and stereo-selective Diels-Alder reactions with the edges of the cage. The chiral formylpyridine ultimately dictates the stereochemistry of these chiral fullerene adducts without being incorporated into them. Such chiral fullerene adducts may become useful in devices requiring circularly polarized light manipulation.
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15
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Sun J, Ye L, Zhao X, Zhang P, Yang J. Electronic Modulation and Structural Engineering of Carbon-Based Anodes for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052108. [PMID: 36903353 PMCID: PMC10004199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the preferred battery system for portable electronic devices and transportation equipment due to their high specific energy, good cycling performance, low self-discharge, and absence of memory effect. However, excessively low ambient temperatures will seriously affect the performance of LIBs, which are almost incapable of discharging at -40~-60 °C. There are many factors affecting the low-temperature performance of LIBs, and one of the most important is the electrode material. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop electrode materials or modify existing materials in order to obtain excellent low-temperature LIB performance. A carbon-based anode is one candidate for use in LIBs. In recent years, it has been found that the diffusion coefficient of lithium ion in graphite anodes decreases more obviously at low temperatures, which is an important factor limiting its low-temperature performance. However, the structure of amorphous carbon materials is complex; they have good ionic diffusion properties, and their grain size, specific surface area, layer spacing, structural defects, surface functional groups, and doping elements may have a greater impact on their low-temperature performance. In this work, the low-temperature performance of LIBs was achieved by modifying the carbon-based material from the perspectives of electronic modulation and structural engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun Yang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15261823768
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16
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Hashikawa Y, Sadai S, Okamoto S, Murata Y. Near-Infrared-Absorbing Chiral Open [60]Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215380. [PMID: 36357327 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Though [60]fullerene is an achiral molecular nanocarbon with Ih symmetry, it could attain an inherent chirality depending upon a functionalization pattern. The conventional chiral induction of C60 relies mainly upon a multiple addition affording a mixture of achiral and chiral isomers while their chiral function would be largely offset by the existence of pseudo-mirror plane(s). These are major obstacles to proceed further study on fullerene chirality and yet leave its understanding elusive. Herein, we showcase a carbene-mediated synthesis of C1 -symmetric chiral open [60]fullerenes showing an intense far-red to near-infrared absorption. The large dissymmetry factor of |gabs |=0.12 was achieved at λ=820 nm for circular dichroism in benzonitrile. This is, in general, unachievable by other small chiral organic molecules, demonstrating the potential usage of open [60]fullerenes as novel types of chiral chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sadai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shu Okamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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17
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Hashikawa Y, Okamoto S, Sadai S, Murata Y. Chiral Open-[60]Fullerene Ligands with Giant Dissymmetry Factors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18829-18833. [PMID: 36169337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The optical resolution of open-[60]fullerenes has been limited to only one example since 1998, while the recent advances revealed the excellence of fullerenes as revisited chiral functional materials. Different from conventional chiral induction on [60]fullerene by a multiple-functionalization, a random disruption of the spherical π-conjugation is avoidable for open-[60]fullerenes. Moreover, the macrocyclic orifices enable a metal coordination which endows modulated electronic structures on chiral chromophores. Herein, we showcase Li+-coordination behavior and optical resolution of three chiral open-[60]fullerene ligands, showing a giant dissymmetry factor up to 0.20 owing to a congenital topology of the spherical π-conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shu Okamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shumpei Sadai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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18
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Chen XR, Zhang JX, Zhu SK, Li YW, Yang R, Xuan J, Li F. Transition-Metal-Free Domino Reaction of [60]Fullerene, Indole, and DMSO/HCl: One-Pot Access to Diverse N-Substituted [60]Fulleroindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7945-7954. [PMID: 35671227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented multicomponent domino reaction of [60]fullerene, indole, and DMSO/HCl has been developed for the one-pot efficient synthesis of diverse N-substituted [60]fulleroindole derivatives. This methodology features simple operation, low cost, and transition-metal-circumvented and good functional group tolerance in indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rui Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Kang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Li
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
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19
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Pareras G, Simon S, Poater A, Solà M. Successive Diels-Alder Cycloadditions of Cyclopentadiene to [10]CPP⊃C 60: A Computational Study. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5149-5157. [PMID: 35319187 PMCID: PMC9016765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Fullerenes have potential
applications in many fields. To reach
their full potential, fullerenes have to be functionalized. One of
the most common reactions used to functionalize fullerenes is the
Diels–Alder cycloaddition. In this case, it is important to
control the regioselectivity of the cycloaddition during the formation
of higher adducts. In C60, successive Diels–Alder
cycloadditions lead to the Th-symmetric
hexakisadduct. In this work, we explore computationally using density
functional theory (DFT) how the presence of a [10]cycloparaphenylene
ring encapsulating C60 ([10]CPP⊃C60)
affects the regioselectivity of multiple additions to C60. Our results show that the presence of the [10]CPP ring changes
the preferred sites of cycloaddition compared to free C60 and leads to the formation of the tetrakisadduct. Somewhat surprisingly,
our calculations predict formation of this particular tetrakisadduct
to be more favored in [10]CPP⊃C60 than in free C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Pareras
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.,School of Chemistry, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
| | - Sílvia Simon
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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20
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Lu WQ, Yin ZC, Liu QS, Wang GW. Copper‐Promoted Cascade Radical Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Arylglyoxals and Further Derivatization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen- Qiang Lu
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96, Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Zheng-Chun Yin
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Qing-Song Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- University of Science and Techlonogy of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
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21
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Brotsman VA, Lukonina NS, Malkin NA, Rybalchenko AV, Belov NM, Goryunkov AA. Difluoromethylenation of fullerene C 70 provides isomeric diversity and availability of equatorial [5,6]-homofullerene C 70(CF 2). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16816-16826. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report synthesis, isolation, and spectroscopic characterization of the novel [5,6]-open C70(CF2) isomer III along with the already known [6,6]-closed and [6,6]-open C70(CF2) isomers I and II. The compounds were...
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22
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Cheng R, Zhang J, Zhang H, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Ir-catalyzed enantioselective B-H alkenylation for asymmetric synthesis of chiral-at-cage o‑carboranes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7146. [PMID: 34880231 PMCID: PMC8654863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of chiral-at-cage o-carboranes, whose chirality is associated with the substitution patterns on the polyhedron, is of great interest as the icosahedral carboranes have wide applications in medicinal and materials chemistry. Herein we report an intermolecular Ir-catalyzed enantioselective B-H alkenylation for efficient and facile synthesis of chiral-at-cage o-carboranes with new skeletons under mild reaction conditions. Generally very good to excellent yields with up to 99% ee can be achieved in this Ir-catalyzed B-H alkenylation. The enantiocontrol model is proposed based on Density Functional Theory calculations in which the use of chiral phosphoramidite ligand is essential for such asymmetric o-carborane B-H alkenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Cheng
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Sun R, Chai MD, Liu X, Wang Y, Li FB, Liu XS, Liu XF, Liu L, Asiri AM. Manganese(III) acetate-mediated synthesis of N-substituted fulleropyrrolines via the reaction of [60]fullerene with α-monosubstituted acetaldehydes and primary amines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10139-10155. [PMID: 34768279 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01933c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The simple one-step reaction of [60]fullerene with α-monosubstituted acetaldehydes and primary amines in the presence of Mn(OAc)3·2H2O under air conditions afforded a series of novel N-substituted fulleropyrrolines with trisubstituted CC bonds in moderate to good yields. The addition of Mn(OAc)3·2H2O played a crucial role in the successful synthesis of N-aryl fulleropyrrolines with trisubstituted CC bonds, which would be extremely difficult to prepare by known methods as a result of the decreased nucleophilicity of arylamines due to the p-π conjugation effect. Intriguingly, arylamines displayed abnormally higher reactivity as compared with non-arylamines in the current reaction system by the observation of obviously decreased equivalent of Mn(OAc)3·2H2O, higher product yields, and lower reaction temperature probably due to the radical reaction mechanism initiated by Mn(OAc)3·2H2O. On the basis of experimental observations, a plausible formation pathway for N-substituted fulleropyrrolines with trisubstituted CC bonds was proposed to elucidate the above-mentioned reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming-Ding Chai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiong Liu
- Hubei Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center Station, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fa-Bao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiu-Shan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu-Feng Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Liu X, Wang X, Sun R, Huang M, Liu X, Wang H, Li F, Liu X, Liu L, Liu C. Fullerotetrahydroquinolines: TfOH/TsOH ⋅ H
2
O‐Mediated One‐Pot Two‐Step Synthesis and
N
‐Alkylation/Acylation/Carboamidation Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xing‐Yu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Min‐Rong Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu‐Shan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui‐Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 People's Republic of China
| | - Fa‐Bao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xu‐Feng Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao‐Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 People's Republic of China
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25
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Asad K, Stergiou A, Kourtellaris A, Tagmatarchis N, Chronakis N. First Synthesis of the Inherently Chiral Trans-4' Bisadduct of C 59 N Azafullerene by Using Cyclo-[2]-dodecylmalonate as a Tether. Chemistry 2021; 27:13879-13886. [PMID: 34291513 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The multiaddition chemistry of azafullerene C59 N has been scarcely explored, and the isolation of pure bisadducts is in its infancy. Encouraged by the recent regioselective synthesis of the inherently chiral equatorialface bisadduct of C59 N, we focused on the isolation of the first trans-4 bisadduct in a simple two-step approach. The first regioselective synthesis of the trans-4 bisadduct of C59 N by using cyclo-[2]-dodecylmalonate as a tether is now reported. The newly synthesized bisadduct has C1 symmetry, as evidenced by 13 C NMR, while X-ray crystallography validated the trans-4' addition pattern. Furthermore, the inherently chiral trans-4' C59 N bisadduct was enantiomerically resolved, and the mirror-image relation of the two enantiomers was probed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Finally, UV-Vis and redox assays suggested that the addition pattern has a reflection in the light-harvesting and redox properties of the bisadduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Asad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, University str. 1, Building No. 13, 2109, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anastasios Stergiou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Kourtellaris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, University str. 1, Building No. 13, 2109, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Chronakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, University str. 1, Building No. 13, 2109, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Trinh TMN, Schillinger F, Guerra S, Meichsner E, Nierengarten I, Hahn U, Holler M, Nierengarten J. Regioselective Preparation of Fullerene Bis‐adducts from Cleavable Macrocyclic Bis‐malonates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Minh Nguyet Trinh
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Franck Schillinger
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Sebastiano Guerra
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Eric Meichsner
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Iwona Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Uwe Hahn
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Michel Holler
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Jean‐François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7042 LIMA) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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27
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Agrahari AK, Bose P, Jaiswal MK, Rajkhowa S, Singh AS, Hotha S, Mishra N, Tiwari VK. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Click Chemistry in Glycoscience and Their Diverse Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7638-7956. [PMID: 34165284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between organic azides and terminal alkynes, commonly known as CuAAC or click chemistry, has been identified as one of the most successful, versatile, reliable, and modular strategies for the rapid and regioselective construction of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as diversely functionalized molecules. Carbohydrates, an integral part of living cells, have several fascinating features, including their structural diversity, biocompatibility, bioavailability, hydrophilicity, and superior ADME properties with minimal toxicity, which support increased demand to explore them as versatile scaffolds for easy access to diverse glycohybrids and well-defined glycoconjugates for complete chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological investigations. This review highlights the successful development of CuAAC or click chemistry in emerging areas of glycoscience, including the synthesis of triazole appended carbohydrate-containing molecular architectures (mainly glycohybrids, glycoconjugates, glycopolymers, glycopeptides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycoclusters, and glycodendrimers through regioselective triazole forming modular and bio-orthogonal coupling protocols). It discusses the widespread applications of these glycoproducts as enzyme inhibitors in drug discovery and development, sensing, gelation, chelation, glycosylation, and catalysis. This review also covers the impact of click chemistry and provides future perspectives on its role in various emerging disciplines of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand K Agrahari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanchayita Rajkhowa
- Department of Chemistry, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology (JIST), Jorhat, Assam 785010, India
| | - Anoop S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science and Engineering Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Kano H, Hayashi H, Matsuo K, Fujiki M, Yamada H, Aratani N. Deep-red circularly polarised luminescent C 70 derivatives. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12072. [PMID: 34103595 PMCID: PMC8187662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically active fullerenes, including C60 and C70 derivatives carrying organic substituents, are used in a range of applications because of their unique spectroscopic, catalytic, and chiral recognition properties. However, their inherent photoexcited chirality is yet to be elucidated because of their very poor fluorescence quantum yield (Φf). We synthesised a new chiral C70 derivative, X70A, with 20% yield, by reacting bis-borylated xanthene with C70 in a one-step double addition reaction, followed by a successful optical resolution. The isolation of two separate X70A enantiomers was confirmed by mirror-image circular dichroism spectroscopy in the range of 300–750 nm. In toluene, the enantiomeric pair of X70A clearly revealed mirror-image circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) spectra with a high |glum| value of 7.0 × 10−3 at 690 nm. The first fullerene-based deep-red CPL of X70A should provide a new guideline for the design of chiral nanocarbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Kano
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Michiya Fujiki
- Division of R&D, True2Materials PTE. Ltd., 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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29
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952-2020): 40 Years of Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11562-11567. [PMID: 33909942 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
François Diederich, Professor of Organic Chemistry and long-time Chair of the Editorial Board of Angewandte Chemie, sadly passed away on September 23, 2020. He will be remembered for his groundbreaking research in the chemistry of fullerenes and carbon-rich molecules, in supramolecular and medicinal chemistry, as an engaging teacher, and as a generous and fascinating human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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30
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Wachter M, Jurkiewicz L, Hirsch A. Sequential Tether-Directed Synthesis of New [3 : 2 : 1] Hexakis-Adducts of C 60 with a Mixed Octahedral Addition Pattern. Chemistry 2021; 27:7677-7686. [PMID: 33792116 PMCID: PMC8251792 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new concept for the regioselective synthesis of [3 : 2 : 1] hexakis-adducts of fullerene C60 was developed. Based on sequential tether-directed remote functionalizations, chiral [3 : 2] pentakis-adducts with an incomplete octahedral addition pattern were synthesized via stepwise cyclopropanation of C60 with suitable macrocyclic tri- and bifunctional cyclomalonate tethers. The four resulting stereoisomers were isolated using chiral HPLC. The corresponding pairs of enantiomers show mirror image behavior in their CD-spectra. The pentakis-adducts served as suitable building blocks for the spatially controlled synthesis of mixed hexakis-adducts. Implementation of functional group-bearing monomalonates afforded octahedral [3 : 2 : 1] hexakis-adducts suitable for the construction of larger molecular and supramolecular fullerene architectures in excellent yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wachter
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Lisa Jurkiewicz
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
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31
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952–2020): 40 Jahre Organische Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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32
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Hoyos P, Perona A, Juanes O, Rumbero Á, Hernáiz MJ. Synthesis of Glycodendrimers with Antiviral and Antibacterial Activity. Chemistry 2021; 27:7593-7624. [PMID: 33533096 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycodendrimers are an important class of synthetic macromolecules that can be used to mimic many structural and functional features of cell-surface glycoconjugates. Their carbohydrate moieties perform key important functions in bacterial and viral infections, often regulated by carbohydrate-protein interactions. Several studies have shown that the molecular structure, valency and spatial organisation of carbohydrate epitopes in glycoconjugates are key factors in the specificity and avidity of carbohydrate-protein interactions. Choosing the right glycodendrimers almost always helps to interfere with such interactions and blocks bacterial or viral adhesion and entry into host cells as an effective strategy to inhibit bacterial or viral infections. Herein, the state of the art in the design and synthesis of glycodendrimers employed for the development of anti-adhesion therapy against bacterial and viral infections is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Hoyos
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Perona
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Juanes
- Organic Chemistry Department, Autónoma University of Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Rumbero
- Organic Chemistry Department, Autónoma University of Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Hernáiz
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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33
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Tykwinski RR, Nierengarten JF. François Diederich’s legacy. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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34
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Ma J, Liu TX, Zhang P, Zhao X, Zhang G. Metal-Free-Catalyzed Three-Component [2+2+2] Annulation Reaction of [60]Fullerene, Ketones, and Indoles: Access to Diverse [60]Fullerene-Fused 1,2-Tetrahydrocarbazoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:1775-1781. [PMID: 33576632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first example of metal-free-catalyzed multicomponent annulation reaction of [60]fullerene has been developed for concise and efficient construction of novel [60]fullerene-fused 1,2-tetrahydrocarbazoles. Using inexpensive and readily available I2 as a catalyst, [60]fullerene, ketones, and indoles undergo a formal [2+2+2] annulation process to conveniently assemble diverse 1,2-tetrahydrocarbazoles. Mechanistic studies indicate that this reaction proceeds through I2-promoted generation of a 3-vinylindole structure with the characteristics of a conjugated diene followed by cycloaddition to [60]fullerene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tong-Xin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Pengling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuna Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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35
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Chen XR, Li YM, Li X, Xuan J, Zhou HP, Tian YP, Li F. An "Umpolung Relay" Strategy: One-Pot, Twice Polarity Inversion Cascade Synthesis of Diversified [60]Fulleroindoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:1302-1308. [PMID: 33522830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An "umpolung relay" strategy, which includes an one-pot, twice polarity inversion cascade of C60 via carbanion and carbocation polarity reversed relay pathway, has been developed for the synthesis of a diverse range of novel [60]fulleroindole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rui Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Meng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Peng Tian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
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36
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Ma J, Liu TX, Zhang P, Zhang C, Zhang G. Palladium-catalyzed domino spirocyclization of [60]fullerene: synthesis of diverse [60]fullerene-fused spiro[4,5]/[5,5] derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:49-52. [PMID: 33244545 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein a new, general and practical method for the spirocyclization of [60]fullerene through a palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/C-H activation reaction is presented. A wide range of novel [60]fullerene-fused spirocyclic derivatives can be easily and flexibly synthesized with a broad substrate scope and excellent functional-group tolerance. A plausible mechanism involving an alkyl Pd(ii) species as a key intermediate has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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37
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Shi W, Salerno F, Ward MD, Santana-Bonilla A, Wade J, Hou X, Liu T, Dennis TJS, Campbell AJ, Jelfs KE, Fuchter MJ. Fullerene Desymmetrization as a Means to Achieve Single-Enantiomer Electron Acceptors with Maximized Chiroptical Responsiveness. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004115. [PMID: 33225503 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solubilized fullerene derivatives have revolutionized the development of organic photovoltaic devices, acting as excellent electron acceptors. The addition of solubilizing addends to the fullerene cage results in a large number of isomers, which are generally employed as isomeric mixtures. Moreover, a significant number of these isomers are chiral, which further adds to the isomeric complexity. The opportunities presented by single-isomer, and particularly single-enantiomer, fullerenes in organic electronic materials and devices are poorly understood however. Here, ten pairs of enantiomers are separated from the 19 structural isomers of bis[60]phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, using them to elucidate important chiroptical relationships and demonstrating their application to a circularly polarized light (CPL)-detecting device. Larger chiroptical responses are found, occurring through the inherent chirality of the fullerene. When used in a single-enantiomer organic field-effect transistor, the potential to discriminate CPL with a fast light response time and with a very high photocurrent dissymmetry factor (gph = 1.27 ± 0.06) is demonstrated. This study thus provides key strategies to design fullerenes with large chiroptical responses for use as chiral components of organic electronic devices. It is anticipated that this data will position chiral fullerenes as an exciting material class for the growing field of chiral electronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Francesco Salerno
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Center for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Matthew D Ward
- Center for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alejandro Santana-Bonilla
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jessica Wade
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Center for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xueyan Hou
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - T John S Dennis
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Alasdair J Campbell
- Center for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Center for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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38
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Besalú-Sala P, Luis JM, Solà M. Bingel-Hirsch Addition of Diethyl Bromomalonate to Ion-Encapsulated Fullerenes M@C 60 (M=Ø, Li +, Na +, K +, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, and Cl -). Chemistry 2020; 26:14481-14487. [PMID: 33463815 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the last 30 years, fullerene-based materials have become popular building blocks for devices with a broad range of applications. Among fullerene derivatives, endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs, M@Cx) have been widely studied owing to their unique properties and reactivity. For real applications, fullerenes and EMFs must be exohedrally functionalized. It has been shown that encapsulated metal cations facilitate the Diels-Alder reaction in fullerenes. Herein, the Bingel-Hirsch (BH) addition of ethyl bromomalonate over a series of ion-encapsulated M@C60 (M=Ø, Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cl-; Ø@C60 stands for C60 without any endohedral metal) is quantum mechanically explored to analyze the effect of these ions on the BH addition. The results show that the incarcerated ion has a very important effect on the kinetics and thermodynamics of this reaction. Among the systems studied, K+@C60 is the one that leads to the fastest BH reaction, whereas the slowest reaction is given by Cl-@C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Besalú-Sala
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M Luis
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Teppei Fushino
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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40
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Wu Y, Jiang Y, Deng J, Wang Z. Capturing unconventional metallofullerene M@C 60 through activation of the unreactive [5,6] bond toward Diels-Alder reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24249-24256. [PMID: 33089271 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04506c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Full control of the regioselectivity in the functionalization of fullerenes is important for production of fullerene derivatives with desirable properties. Cycloaddition reactions of C60 usually take place at the hexagon-hexagon ring junction, i.e. the [6,6] bond of the fullerene cage, whereas the [5,6] bond is generally unreactive. The activation of the [5,6] bond toward Diels-Alder reactions is difficult because of its longer bond length than the [6,6] bond. In this study, we computationally demonstrate that the [5,6] bond of C60 can be efficiently activated by encapsulation of a divalent metal atom such as Ca or Sm. Electron transfer from the metal atom to the fullerene cage and the interaction between the metal cation and the cage play critical roles in enhancing the reactivity of the [5,6] bond. The physical origin of the reactivity enchancement of the [5,6] bond is investigated quantitatively by using the activation strain model and the energy decomposition method. The change in the orbital interaction energy along the intrinsic reaction coordinate has a major effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of the reactions between Ca@C60 and cyclopentadiene. Both mono- and bis-addition reactions of cyclopentadiene with Ca@C60 prefer to take place at the [5,6] bonds of the fullerene cage thermodynamically, which is distinct from the case of pristine C60. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of Ca@C60 is remarkably enlarged upon mono- and bis-functionalization with cyclopentadienes. Therefore, the covalent derivatization strategy can be used to capture the unconventional, missing metallofullerene M@C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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41
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Li YF, Wang K, Wang HJ, Li FB, Sun R, Li JX, Liu L, Liu CY, Asiri AM. Facile access to amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes: novel reaction of [60]fullerene with β-substituted propionaldehydes and secondary amines in the absence/presence of magnesium perchlorate. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6866-6880. [PMID: 32844859 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of scarce amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes instead of the expected N-alkyl-2,5-disubstituted fulleropyrrolidines were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields via the simple one-step reaction of [60]fullerene with cheap and easily available β-substituted propionaldehydes and secondary amines in the absence/presence of magnesium perchlorate. The in situ generation of allylic amines from β-substituted propionaldehydes and secondary amines played a crucial role in the successful preparation of amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes without additional carbons. With the addition of magnesium perchlorate, secondary amines containing ethyl group(s) could produce novel amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes with two additional carbons. All the obtained cyclopentafullerenes displayed high stereoselectivity with cis isomers as the exclusive or major products. Plausible reaction mechanisms are proposed to elucidate the above-mentioned reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Wu C, Liu TX, Zhang P, Zhu X, Zhang G. Iron-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral Radical Cascade Reaction of [60]Fullerene with γ,δ-Unsaturated Oxime Esters: Preparation of Free (N-H) Pyrrolidino[2',3':1,2]fullerenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7327-7332. [PMID: 32897079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein an unprecedented iron(II)-catalyzed redox-neutral radical cascade reaction of [60]fullerene with γ,δ-unsaturated oxime esters is reported for the preparation of novel free (N-H) pyrrolidino[2',3':1,2]fullerenes. The transformation undergoes an intramolecular cyclization/intermolecular cyclization/oxidation/hydrolysis cascade, and features simple operation, broad substrate scope/high functional group compatibility as well as suitable for scale-up synthesis, providing a facile and practical access to a range of free pyrrolidino[2',3':1,2]fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tong-Xin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Pengling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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43
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Leonhardt V, Fimmel S, Krause AM, Beuerle F. A covalent organic cage compound acting as a supramolecular shadow mask for the regioselective functionalization of C 60. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8409-8415. [PMID: 34123100 PMCID: PMC8163405 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03131c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A trigonal-bipyramidal covalent organic cage compound serves as an efficient host to form stable 1 : 1-complexes with C60 and C70. Fullerene encapsulation has been comprehensively studied by NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Exohedral functionalization of encapsulated C60via threefold Prato reaction revealed high selectivity for the symmetry-matched all-trans-3 addition pattern. The taming of the Prato reaction: a covalent organic cage compound serves as a supramolecular template for the regioselective functionalization of C60.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Leonhardt
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany .,Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Stefanie Fimmel
- Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany .,Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany .,Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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44
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Feng J, Fu H, Jiang W, Zhang A, Ryu HS, Woo HY, Sun Y, Wang Z. Fuller-Rylenes: Paving the Way for Promising Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29513-29519. [PMID: 32508085 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The hybridization of different acceptors remains a fertile ground awaiting exploration, to fully promote the properties of both components. The concept of this work is to exploit a new form of fuller-rylene hybrids as promising acceptors by integrating planar rylene dye and spherical fullerene for boosting the power conversion efficiency. The synthesis of the fuller-rylenes via a straightforward synthetic strategy by one-pot Pd-catalyzed cyclization can be scaled-up. Specifically, our strategy allows the supplements and enhancement of absorption in the visible region, much wider structural and electronic variations by installing R1 groups as well as decorating R2 on the perylene core at will, and good processability without compromising the superior characteristics of fullerene. Thus, bay-decorated fuller-rylene S-Fuller-PMI revealed a ground-breaking efficiency as high as 8.01%, even outperforming [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) as a parallel comparison (7.09%). Our exploration paves a new way for the design of high-efficiency acceptors, which are promising alternatives to PC61BM in photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huiting Fu
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Andong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hwa Sook Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanming Sun
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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45
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Niu C, Chen XP, Yin ZC, Wang WF, Wang GW. Alternative Access to Cyclopentafullerenes through the Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Aldehydes and Secondary Amines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6878-6887. [PMID: 32397711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of cyclopentafullerenes have been synthesized in high stereoselectivity by the thermal reaction of [60]fullerene with aldehydes and secondary amines. Both α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and saturated aldehydes can be utilized to synthesize cyclopentafullerenes as the cis isomers. The possible reaction mechanisms for the formation of cyclopentafullerenes are proposed on the basis of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Chun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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46
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Bogdanov VP, Brotsman VA, Belov NM, Rybalchenko AV, Markov VY, Troyanov SI, Goryunkov AA. Regioselective Mono- and Dialkylation of [6,6]-open C 60 (CF 2 ): Synthetic and Kinetic Aspects. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1701-1708. [PMID: 32293784 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Alkylation of homofullerene [6,6]-C60 (CF2 )2- dianion with the set of alkyl halides, RX, was established to demonstrate an effect of RX nature on the conversion, product composition, and regioselectivity. The respective C60 (CF2 )RH, C60 (CF2 )R2 and C60 (CF2 )R'R'' compounds were obtained in the reaction with sterically unhindered RX, isolated by HPLC and unequivocally characterized. The kinetic studies evidenced SN 2 mechanism for both alkylation steps, yielding mono- and dialkylated C60 (CF2 ), respectively, and indicated the negative charge localization at the bridgehead carbon atoms as well as a steric hindrance of the CF2 moiety likely to be a key factors for the SN 2 reaction mechanism and observed regioselectivity. The significant difference in the rate constants of the first and the second steps is attributed to the different activation barriers predicted by DFT calculations which makes possible to develop synthetic methods for the regioselective preparation of monoalkylated C60 (CF2 )RH and heterodialkylated C60 (CF2 )R'R'' derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor P Bogdanov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,Endocrinology Research Centre, 12 Dm.Ul'yanova, str., 117036, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A Brotsman
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita M Belov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Rybalchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy Yu Markov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey I Troyanov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Goryunkov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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47
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Ma W, Wang K, Huang C, Wang HJ, Li FB, Sun R, Liu L, Liu CY, Asiri AM. Stereoselective synthesis of amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes promoted by magnesium perchlorate/ferric perchlorate. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:964-974. [PMID: 31930265 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A facile one-step reaction of [60]fullerene with cinnamaldehydes and amines promoted by magnesium perchlorate/ferric perchlorate under air conditions afforded a series of rare amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes in moderate to good yields. Stereoselectivity was readily achieved. Secondary amines exclusively produced N,N-disubstituted cyclopentafullerenes as cis isomers, while arylamines gave N-monosubstituted cyclopentafullerenes with a preference of cis isomers as major products. N-Monosubstituted cyclopentafullerenes could be further converted into other scarce cyclopentafullerenes in the presence of acid chloride or paraformaldehyde. A possible reaction pathway was proposed to elucidate the formation of amino-substituted cyclopentafullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fa-Bao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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48
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Hosokawa T, Asada T, Kamikawa K. Theoretical Examination of the Plausible Reaction Process for Stereoselective Synthesis of Hexapole Helicene via a Palladium-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclotrimerization of [5]Helicenyl Aryne. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:652-661. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Hosokawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Toshio Asada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED), Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Ken Kamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
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49
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Wang C, Liu Z, Yin ZC, Wang GW. Synthesis of [60]fullerene-fused dihydrobenzooxazepinesviathe palladium-catalyzed oxime-directed C–H bond activation and subsequent electrochemical functionalization. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00710b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of [60]fullerene with oximes affords the unprecedented seven-membered [60]fullerene-fused dihydrobenzooxazepines, which can be further derivatized electrochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zheng-Chun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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50
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Li F, Shang Y, Niu C, Li C, Huang X, Xu G, Xuan J, Zhou H, Yang S. Potassium salt promoted regioselective three-component coupling synthesis of 1,4-asymmetrical [60]fullerene bisadducts with superior electron transport properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9513-9516. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot three-component domino coupling reaction of phenols, C60, and bromoalkanes was developed, resulting in the highly regioselective synthesis of 1,4-asymmetrical C60 bisadducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Yanbo Shang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
| | - Chuang Niu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Xinmin Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Guoyong Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Hongping Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
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