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Zheng S, Wang C, Zhao H, Dai Q, Mao W, Liu P, Lu J, Ju J, Huang M. Toxicological analysis of Eisenia fetida in soil under the coexistence of rockwool substrate andtricyclazole. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142850. [PMID: 39032728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the combined effects of rockwool, a novel seedling substrate, and tricyclazole (TCA) on the bioavailability of TCA to Eisenia fetida. The single addition of rockwool and TCA alone to the soil inhibited the growth of E. fetida. A high concentration (300 mg·L-1) of TCA significantly decreased the biomass of E. fetida. The addition of 20-mesh rockwool reduced this effect on earthworm biomass by decreasing the soil TCA through adsorption, effectively mitigating TCA bioaccumulation in earthworms. A mechanistic analysis showed that the Mg-O functional group on the rockwool surface combined with the CC functional group in TCA to generate Mg-O-C, and the adsorption process was dominated by chemisorption. Toxicology experiments demonstrated that malondialdehyde and cellulase could be used as biomarkers of inhibitory effects of combined rockwool and TCA in soil on E. fetida. Macrogenomic analyses revealed that small particle sizes and high concentrations of rockwool caused co-stress effects on earthworms when TCA was present. When the particle size of rockwool increased, the toxic effect of TCA on earthworms instead decreased at higher rockwool concentrations. Therefore, in practical agricultural production, the particle size of rockwool can be controlled to realize the adsorption of TCA and reduce the toxic effects of TCA and rockwool on earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Chenzhe Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Qigen Dai
- Joint International Research Laboratory Agricultural & Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry Education China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Yangzhou Cultivated Land Quality Protection Station, Yangzhou, 225101, China
| | - Ping Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Jianbing Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Jing Ju
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Manhong Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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2
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Wang C, Lei W, Du L, Xu Y, Lou Y, Peng M, Gao D. Genome-wide DNA methylation changes in Oryzias melastigma embryos exposed to the water accommodated fraction of crude oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116325. [PMID: 38653019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The water accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil exerts considerable impacts on marine fish during embryonic stage. Clarifying changes in epigenetic modifications is helpful for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the toxicity of embryonic WAF exposure. The aim of this study was to explore genome-wide DNA methylation changes in Oryzias melastigma embryos after exposure to the nominal total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration of 500 μg/L in WAF for 7 days. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that 8.47 % and 8.46 % of all the genomic C sites were methylated in the control and WAF-exposed groups, respectively. Among the three sequence contexts, methylated CG site had the largest number in both the two groups. The sequence preferences of nearby methylated cytosines were consistent between the two groups. A total of 4798 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified in the promoter region. Furthermore, Gene Ontology analysis revealed that DMR-related genes were enriched mainly for functions related to development and nervous system. Additionally, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways enriched in DMR-related genes were related to nervous system and endocrine system. These novel findings provide comprehensive insights into the genome-wide DNA methylation landscape of O. melastigma following embryonic WAF exposure, shedding light on the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying WAF-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, China.
| | - Lichao Du
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingbin Lou
- Dalian Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Mo Peng
- Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongxu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
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3
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Huang C, Shen Z, Yue S, Jia L, Wang R, Wang K, Qiao Y. Genetic evidence behind the Cd resistance of wild Metaphire californica: The global RNA regulation rather than specific mutation of well-known gene. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122515. [PMID: 37678738 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination presents a profound threat to terrestrial biodiversity, yet the genetic adaptation and evolution of field organisms under persistent stress are poorly understood. In this study, the Cd-resistant earthworms Metaphire californica collected from the control (Meihua, MHC) and elevated-pollution (Lupu, LPC) pairwise sites were used to elucidate the underlying genetic mechanism. A 48-h acute test showed that LPC worms exhibited 2.34 times higher LC50 (50% lethal concentration values) compared to MHC ones. The Cd bioaccumulation, metallothionein (MT) protein contents, and MT gene expression of LPC M.californica were all significantly higher than those of MHC worms. The well-known MT gene of M.californica was successfully cloned and identified, however, the encoding nucleotide and amino acids displayed non-observable mutations and the phylogenetic tree also revealed that different populations clustered together. Additionally, the results of transcriptomics sequencing demonstrated 173 differentially expressed genes between LPC and MHC worms, primarily involved in stress-response and detoxification pathways, including signal transduction, material metabolism, and protein exports. The above results confirmed that the crucial MT gene did not undergo genetic mutations but rather exhibited global mRNA regulation responsible for the Cd resistance of M.californica. The current study partially disclosed the stress adaptation and evolution of organisms under long-term in situ contamination, which provides insights into maintaining biodiversity under adverse environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Institut des Sciences de La Terre D'Orléans, UMR7327, CNRS-Université D'Orleans-Brgm, Orléans, 45071, France
| | - Ruiping Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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4
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Jourdan J, Bundschuh M, Copilaș-Ciocianu D, Fišer C, Grabowski M, Hupało K, Jemec Kokalj A, Kabus J, Römbke J, Soose LJ, Oehlmann J. Cryptic Species in Ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:1889-1914. [PMID: 37314101 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The advent of genetic methods has led to the discovery of an increasing number of species that previously could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of morphological characteristics. Even though there has been an exponential growth of publications on cryptic species, such species are rarely considered in ecotoxicology. Thus, the particular question of ecological differentiation and the sensitivity of closely related cryptic species is rarely addressed. Tackling this question, however, is of key importance for evolutionary ecology, conservation biology, and, in particular, regulatory ecotoxicology. At the same time, the use of species with (known or unknown) cryptic diversity might be a reason for the lack of reproducibility of ecotoxicological experiments and implies a false extrapolation of the findings. Our critical review includes a database and literature search through which we investigated how many of the species most frequently used in ecotoxicological assessments show evidence of cryptic diversity. We found a high proportion of reports indicating overlooked species diversity, especially in invertebrates. In terrestrial and aquatic realms, at least 67% and 54% of commonly used species, respectively, were identified as cryptic species complexes. The issue is less prominent in vertebrates, in which we found evidence for cryptic species complexes in 27% of aquatic and 6.7% of terrestrial vertebrates. We further exemplified why different evolutionary histories may significantly determine cryptic species' ecology and sensitivity to pollutants. This in turn may have a major impact on the results of ecotoxicological tests and, consequently, the outcome of environmental risk assessments. Finally, we provide a brief guideline on how to deal practically with cryptic diversity in ecotoxicological studies in general and its implementation in risk assessment procedures in particular. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1889-1914. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jourdan
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Denis Copilaș-Ciocianu
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology of Hydrobionts, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Cene Fišer
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michał Grabowski
- Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil Hupało
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anita Jemec Kokalj
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jana Kabus
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie, Flörsheim am Main, Germany
| | - Laura J Soose
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Liu Y, Chen M, Mu X, Wang X, Zhang M, Yin Y, Wang K. Responses and detoxification mechanisms of earthworm Amynthas hupeiensis to metal contaminated soils of North China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121584. [PMID: 37037277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal contamination is widespread, but only a few studies have evaluated the toxicological risks of metals (Cd, Cu, and Pb) in earthworms from farmlands in North China (Hebei province). Amynthas hupeiensis, the dominant species in the study area, was used to determine the responses and detoxification mechanisms of uncontaminated (CK), and low (LM)-, and high (HM)-metal-contaminated soils following 7-, 14-, and 28-days exposure. Metal toxicity in LM and HM soils inhibited the biomass of A. hupeiensis. The concentrations of Cd in A. hupeiensis bodies indicated accumulated Cd appeared to remain steady with prolonged exposure, while Cu/Pb increased significantly with soil levels. Bioaccumulation occurred in the order Cd > Pb > Cu in LM soil, and in the order Cd > Cu ≈ Pb in HM soil, which was attributed to differences in available fractions between LM and HM soils. Physiological levels of biomarkers in A. hupeiensis were determined, including total protein (TP), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Deviations in GSH, GPx, and AChE were considered to denote sensitive biomarkers using the IBRv2 index. Metabolomics data (1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based) revealed changes in metabolites following 28-days exposure to LM and HM soils. Differences in metabolism in A. hupeiensis following exposure to LM and HM were related to energy metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. Metal stress from LM and HM soils disturbed osmoregulation, resulting in oxidative stress, destruction of cell membranes and inflammation, and altered levels of amino acids required for energy by A. hupeiensis. These findings provide biochemical insights into the physiological and metabolic mechanisms underlying the ability of A. hupeiensis to resist metal stress, and for assessing the environmental risks of metal-contaminated soils in farmland in North China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xiaoquan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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Huang C, Feng X, Yue S, Jia L, Wang K, Zhou W, Qiao Y. Impact of progressively cumulative exposure of AgNPs on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and implication for eco-toxicological risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138163. [PMID: 36804250 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous pollutants released into the real environment mostly own long-lasting cumulative characteristics and have progressively negative impacts on organisms, which are always neglected in laboratory toxicological tests. Here in this study, the different ecotoxicity of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) on earthworm Eisenia fetida was compared via various endpoints and transcriptional sequencing between the 28-day progressively repeated (from 60 to 80, final 100 mg/kg) and one-step (directly to 100 mg/kg) exposure. The results showed that earthworms under progressively repeated exposure showed significantly less biomass loss and reproductive inhibition, as well as lower Ag bioaccumulation (15.6 mg/kg) compared with one-step exposure (17.9 mg/kg). The increases in enzyme activities (superoxide enzyme and catalase) and gene expression (metallothionein) also implied higher antioxidant and genetic toxicity in one-step exposed earthworms compared with those from progressively repeated exposure. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis identified 582 and 854 differentially expressed genes in the treatments of one-step and repeated exposure respectively compared with the control group. The results of pathway annotation and classification suggested similar enrichments of damage induction but different in toxic stress responses, whereas earthworms from repeated exposure possessed more detoxification-related pathways like translation and multicellular organismal processes. This study innovatively took into account the impacts of processive exposure occurring in the real environment and elucidated distinctions of toxicity and adaptation caused by different exposure patterns, which provided the theoretical basis for real risk identification under the framework and guidance of traditional toxicology, also the implication for the improvement of eco-toxicological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Xu Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR7327, CNRS-Université d'Orleans-Brgm, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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7
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Hillyer KE, Bose U, Broadbent JA, Bissett A, Beale DJ. Multi-omics eco-surveillance of complex legacy contamination with a locally adapted estuarine invertebrate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120993. [PMID: 36623788 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Complex legacy contamination from human use is a major issue for estuaries globally. In particular, contamination of water and sediments with bioavailable metals/metalloids, in addition to other industrial contaminants, such as hydrocarbons. Yet, understanding of complex toxicity and local adaptation in field exposed, non-model, invertebrate communities is limited. Herein, we apply multi-omics (metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics) coupled to traditional sediment quality analyses, to better characterise molecular and cellular responses necessary for application to monitoring, as an eco-surveillance tool. Using these approaches, we characterise functional phenotypes of a sediment associated invertebrate (sipunculid), from an estuary exposed to complex legacy contamination (metals: Zn, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, As; and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs). We sampled individuals at a range of exposure sites, highly (NTB5), moderately (NTB13), and lesser-influenced reference sites. Size differences were observed in sampled individuals between sites, with smaller individuals collected from NTB13. Analysis of environmental variables that correlated with change in the metabolite data revealed that the metabolism of smaller individuals at medium exposure NTB13 was highly differentiated by sediment concentrations of Hg, despite higher concentrations at more exposed NTB5. Functional phenotypes of these smaller individuals were characterised by sulphur and aromatic amino acid metabolism, increases in oxidised intermediates, upregulation of protein responses to oxidative stress, and melanin synthesis, and saturation of membrane and storage of lipids; in addition to the metabolism of naphthalene (PAH). Such widespread change was not observed in the metabolite and lipid profiles of larger individuals at high exposure NTB5, suggesting possible differences in effects between sites may also be associated with size (developmental stage, or age) and/or PAH exposure. This study serves to further understanding of differing modes of toxicity and local adaptation to multiple contaminants, and drivers of functional change in a complex estuary environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Hillyer
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - Utpal Bose
- Agriculture and Food, CSIRO, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - James A Broadbent
- Agriculture and Food, CSIRO, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew Bissett
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia.
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Barranger A, Klopp C, Le Bot B, Saramito G, Dupont L, Llopis S, Wiegand C, Binet F. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of pesticide tolerance in the Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworm. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120945. [PMID: 36572272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse pollution of the environment by pesticides has become a major soil threat to non-target organisms, such as earthworms for which declines have been reported. However some endogeic species are still abundant and persist in intensively cultivated fields, suggesting they become tolerant to long-term anthropogenic pressure. We thus considered the working hypothesis that populations of Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms from conventionally managed fields developed a tolerance to pesticides compared with those from organically managed fields. To investigate this hypothesis, we studied earthworm populations of the same genetic lineage from soils that were either lowly or highly contaminated by pesticides to detect any constitutive expression of differentially expressed molecular pathways between these populations. Earthworm populations were then experimentally exposed to a fungicide-epoxiconazole-in the laboratory to identify different molecular responses when newly exposed to a pesticide. State-of-the-art omics technology (RNA sequencing) and bioinformatics were used to characterize molecular mechanisms of tolerance in a non-targeted way. Additional physiological traits (respirometry, growth, bioaccumulation) were monitored to assess tolerance at higher levels of biological organization. In the present study, we generated the de novo assembly transcriptome of A. caliginosa consisting of 64,556 contigs with N50 = 2862 pb. In total, 43,569 Gene Ontology terms were identified for 21,593 annotated sequences under the three main ontologies (biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions). Overall, we revealed that two same lineage populations of A. caliginosa earthworms, inhabiting similar pedo-climatic environment, have distinct gene expression pathways after they long-lived in differently managed agricultural soils with a contrasted pesticide exposure history for more than 22 years. The main difference was observed regarding metabolism, with upregulated pathways linked to proteolytic activities and the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the highly exposed population. This study improves our understanding of the long-term impact of chronic exposure of soil engineers to pesticide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Barranger
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France.
| | - Christophe Klopp
- UR INRAE 875 MIAT, GENOTOUL, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, Cedex, France
| | - Barbara Le Bot
- Université de Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Gaëlle Saramito
- Université de Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Lise Dupont
- Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010, Créteil, Cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Llopis
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Claudia Wiegand
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Binet
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
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9
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Ben-Haddad M, Abelouah MR, Lamine I, Hajji S, Noureddine S, Rangel-Buitrago N, Ait Alla A. Trace metals in urbanized coasts: The central Atlantic of Morocco as a case study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114455. [PMID: 36473246 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the contamination, accumulation, and ecological risk assessment of five trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr) in sediments of an urbanized beach in the central Atlantic coastline of Morocco. The two-year investigation (2018 and 2019) included six sampling sites along a 6 km coastal reach. In both years, none of the studied trace metals exceeded the background or the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). The eco-toxicological indices revealed low degree of contamination, unpolluted ecosystem, and low ecological risk of metals. However, Cd exceeded the background value and some SQGs following the increase of anthropogenic activities in 2019. Likewise, it indicated unpolluted to moderately polluted sediment as well as moderate ecological risk. Overall, it is highly recommended to mitigate the avoidable anthropogenic activities (marine litter generation, sewage discharge, intense urbanization, and vehicle traffic on the beach) that lead to the elevation of metal pollution in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Haddad
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Rida Abelouah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Imane Lamine
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Sara Hajji
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Slimani Noureddine
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
- Programa de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad del Atlantico, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia; Programa de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad del Atlantico, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia
| | - Aicha Ait Alla
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
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10
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Huang C, Shen Z, Li L, Yue S, Jia L, Wang K, Zhou W, Qiao Y. Reproductive damage and compensation of wild earthworm Metaphire californica from contaminated fields with long-term heavy metal exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137027. [PMID: 36419262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is a significant biological process for organisms responding to environmental stresses, however, little is known about the reproductive strategies of invertebrates under long-term exposure to contaminations. In this study, earthworm Metaphire californica (Kinberg, 1867) from contaminated fields with an increased metal gradient were collected to investigate their reproductive responses. The results showed heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb) induced histological damage to earthworms' seminal vesicles, including tissue disorders and cavities, and decreases in mature spermatozoa. Sperm morphology analysis indicated deformity rates were up to13.2% (e.g. head swollen or missing) for worms from the most contaminated site, which coincided with DNA damages. Furthermore, the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system was employed for the evaluation of sperm kinetic traits. Results suggested earthworms exposed to higher contamination showed a lower sperm viability rate but faster sperm velocity after re-exposure with Cd solution (like the curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity paraments) compared with those from relatively clean sites. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase showed the highest 32.5% and 12.5% up-regulation respectively with the increased metal gradient. In conclusion, this study elucidated the earthworm reproductive toxicity, underlying reproductive compensation, metal stress-induced damages, and adaptive responses caused by heavy metal exposure, while also providing the possibility of sperm trait analysis (CASA) for related earthworm toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences de la Terre D'Orleans, Université D'Orleans-Brgm, UMR, 7327, France
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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11
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Pompermaier A, Tamagno WA, Alves C, Barcellos LJG. Persistent and transgenerational effects of pesticide residues in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 262:109461. [PMID: 36087705 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Highly toxic chemical compounds are present in rivers and lakes, endangering the survival of non-target species. To evaluate the effects of environmental contamination on non-target species, we used the zebrafish as an animal model. Environmental concentrations of the widely used pesticides, glyphosate (GBH) at 4.8 μg·L-1 and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (DBH) at 3.4 μg·L-1, were used. The animals were exposed during the entire period of organogenesis and evaluated in our previous study regarding initial developmental parameters. In the present study, we evaluate these fish when achieve the adult phase, using the novel tank test (NTT) and the aversivity test. In the second step, the animals were allowed to reproduce, and the initial parameters of development, behavioral parameters in the open field test (OFT) and in the aversivity test (AST), and biochemical biomarkers as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the F1 generation were studied. Fish exposed to GBH showed hypermobility, and their anti-predatory reaction was impaired during adulthood, indicating a persistent effect. We also showed that fish had impaired behavioral and survival changes in the F1 generation as well as effects on AChE activity and antioxidant enzymes, characterizing a transgenerational effect. The fish did not show persistent effects in adulthood due to DBH exposure; however, they were unable to reproduce. Our findings demonstrate the serious impact of pesticides on fish, where the effects of contamination can affect future generations and compromise the species' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Pompermaier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wagner Antonio Tamagno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leonardo José Gil Barcellos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, BR 285, São José, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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12
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Marchese E, Bizzotto EC, Giubilato E, Semenzin E, Marcomini A. Pre-industrial sediment concentrations of metals: insights from the Venice lagoon (Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85829-85838. [PMID: 36242659 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of selected metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in radio-dated sediment cores from a coastal lagoon (Lagoon of Venice, Italy) by critically reviewing and grouping available data. Pre-industrial concentrations (pICs, estimated for the period before the early 1900s) for the Venice lagoon are identified according to the 2σ statistical procedure (2σ-pICs), i.e., the upper bound values of the dataset distribution. Results show the following 2σ-pICs (µg/g, d.w.): As 15,9; Cd 0,6; Cr 38,0; Cu 18,1; Hg 1,1; Ni 32,9; Pb 29,4; Zn 94,5. Most of the estimated 2σ-pICs are comparable to previously assessed background values. In the case of Hg, on the contrary, 2σ-pIC is remarkably higher than background values, reflecting a significant anthropogenic contribution also in the pre-industrial period. The results of this work may support the evaluation of the temporal evolution of metal concentrations in sediments of the Venice lagoon. Results are compared with background concentrations (BC) observed in previous studies conducted in the lagoon and in other areas of the Adriatic Sea, as well as with benchmarks set in Italy for sediment assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marchese
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Elisa Chiara Bizzotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Elisa Giubilato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venice, Italy.
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13
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Ubrihien RP, Maher WA, Taylor AM, Stevens MM, Ezaz T. Fitness of Isidorella newcombi Following Multi-generational Cu Exposures: Mortality, Cellular Biomarkers and Life History Responses. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 82:520-538. [PMID: 35441861 PMCID: PMC9079030 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of multigenerational Cu exposure on the freshwater gastropod Isidorella newcombi were investigated. Snails were exposed to a range of treatment-specific Cu concentrations in the parental to F2 generations, and a common Cu concentration in the F3 generation. In the parental to F2 generations, some general responses to 3 days Cu exposures included reduced survival and feeding in snails exposed to higher Cu concentrations. This suggested that the snails exposed to the high Cu concentration were experiencing Cu-induced stress that may apply selection pressure. In the F3 generation, when all treatments were exposed to a common Cu concentration, increased survival was correlated with the pre-exposure Cu concentration history. Snails that had been pre-exposed to Cu also displayed reduced stress at a sub-lethal level, indicated by lower lysosomal destabilisation (LD). Mortality and LD responses in the F3 generation were not related to Cu tissue concentrations, indicating increased tolerance and reduced stress were not related to changes in Cu bioaccumulation. Total antioxidant capacity increased in the higher Cu concentration pre-exposure treatments which could be associated with lower Cu-induced stress, however, this is not supported by the oxidative damage marker lipid peroxidation, which also increased. While Cu tissue concentrations and oxidative stress markers were assessed to determine underlying reasons for increased tolerance in snails from a population with a multi-generational exposure history to Cu, the results were not conclusive. Despite this, it was demonstrated through increased survival and reduced LD that Cu tolerance can develop over a short evolutionary time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Ubrihien
- Centre for Applied Water Science, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - W A Maher
- Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - A M Taylor
- Centre for Applied Water Science, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - M M Stevens
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Yanco Agricultural Institute, Private Mail Bag, Yanco, NSW, 2703, Australia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation NSW Department of Primary Industries, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - T Ezaz
- Centre for Conservation Ecology and Genomics, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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14
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Shephard AM, Brown NS, Snell‐Rood EC. Anthropogenic Zinc Exposure Increases Mortality and Antioxidant Gene Expression in Monarch Butterflies with Low Access to Dietary Macronutrients. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1286-1296. [PMID: 35119130 PMCID: PMC9314993 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biologists seek to understand why organisms vary in their abilities to tolerate anthropogenic contaminants, such as heavy metals. However, few studies have considered how tolerance may be affected by condition-moderating factors such as dietary resource availability. For instance, the availability of crucial limiting macronutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, can vary across space and time either naturally or due to anthropogenic nutrient inputs (e.g., agricultural fertilizers or vehicle emissions). Organisms developing in more macronutrient-rich environments should be of higher overall condition, displaying a greater ability to tolerate metal contaminants. In monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), we factorially manipulated dietary macronutrient availability and exposure to zinc, a common metal contaminant in urban habitats that can be toxic but also has nutritional properties. We tested whether (1) the ability to survive zinc exposure depends on dietary macronutrient availability and (2) whether individuals exposed to elevated zinc levels display higher expression of antioxidant genes, given the roles of antioxidants in combatting metal-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to elevated zinc reduced survival only for monarchs developing on a low-macronutrient diet. However, for monarchs developing on a high-macronutrient diet, elevated zinc exposure tended to increase survival. In addition, monarchs exposed to elevated zinc displayed higher expression of antioxidant genes when developing on the low-macronutrient diet but lower expression when developing on the high-macronutrient diet. Altogether, our study shows that organismal survival and oxidative stress responses to anthropogenic zinc contamination depend on the availability of macronutrient resources in the developmental environment. In addition, our results suggest the hypothesis that whether zinc acts as a toxicant or a nutrient may depend on macronutrient supply. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1286-1296. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Noah S. Brown
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Emilie C. Snell‐Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
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15
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Huang C, Zhang X, Wang K, Yue S, Qiao Y. Evidence for the metal resistance of earthworm Eisenia fetida across generations (F1 and F2) under laboratory metal exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128006. [PMID: 34896725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stressors are persistent but most toxicological studies always evaluate the risk via short-term acute toxicity, while continuous toxicity and biological resistance across generations are relatively unknown. Here, earthworm Eisenia fetida was laboratory-reared and exposed to historically contaminated soils with an increasing metal gradient (CK, LM and HM), to investigate cross-generation toxicity and resistance of F1 and F2 worms. The results elucidated that biomass and juvenile hatching rate of F2 E. fetida showed maximum decreases of 20.8% and 38.5% than those of F1, which indicated severer toxicity of earthworm offspring. However, metal bioaccumulation in F2 E. fetida showed maximum increases of 150%, 49.2%, 19.7% and 25.5% than F1 for Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb, respectively. F2 E. fetida suffered less oxidative stress because the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were basically lower than that of F1. Meanwhile, the detoxification genes of metallothionein and heat shock protein 70 in F2 E. fetida showed maximum of 296% and 78.9% up-regulations, respectively, which suggested greater metal resistance of F2 E. fetida. This study confirmed the cross-generation toxicity and resistance of earthworms, which provides novel insights to reveal specific contaminant risks from longer lifecycles. CAPSULE: Earthworms under cross-generation exposure can develop metal resistance despite suffering worse toxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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16
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Loria A, Cristescu ME, Gonzalez A. Genotype diversity promotes the persistence of Daphnia populations exposed to severe copper stress. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:265-277. [PMID: 35000231 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When environmental stressors of high intensity are sustained for long periods of time, populations face high probabilities of being extirpated. However, depending on the intensity of the stressor, large populations with sufficient genetic diversity may persist. We report the results of an experiment that tracked the persistence of Daphnia populations exposed to copper contamination. We assessed whether genotypic diversity reduced the risk of extinction. We created monoclonal and multiclonal populations and monitored their population sizes during a 32-week experiment. Cu was applied at a sub-lethal concentration and then increased every week until the population sizes dropped to about 10% of the carrying capacity (Cu at 180 μg/L). The concentration was then increased up to 186 μg/L and held stable until the end of the experiment. A survival analysis showed that clonal diversity extended the persistence of Daphnia populations, but copper contamination caused a substantial genetic erosion followed by population extirpation. However, some Cu-treated populations, mostly multiclonal, showed U-shaped patterns of growth consistent with evolutionary rescue but these did not lead to lasting population recovery. These results highlight the importance of genetic variation for population persistence, but they also show how quickly it can be lost in contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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17
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Li Z, Cao Y, Qin H, Ma Y, Pan L, Sun J. Integration of chemical and biological methods: A case study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution monitoring in Shandong Peninsula, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:24-37. [PMID: 34949353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as persistent toxic substances (PTS), have been widely monitored in coastal environment, including seawater and sediment. However, scientific monitoring methods, like ecological risk assessment and integrated biomarker response, still need massive researches to verify their availabilities. This study was performed in March, May, August and October of 2018 at eight sites, Yellow River estuary (S1), Guangli Port (S2), Xiaying (S3), Laizhou (S4), Inner Bay (S5), Outer Bay (S6), Hongdao (S7) and Hongshiya (S8) of Shandong Peninsula, China. The contents of 16 priority PAHs in local seawater and sediment were determined, by which ecological risk assessment risk quotient (RQ) for seawater and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) were calculated to characterize the PAHs pollution. Meanwhile, multiple biomarkers in the digestive gland of clam Ruditapes philippinarum were measured to represent different biological endpoints, including ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), sulfotransferase (SULT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), by which integrated biomarker response (IBR) was calculated to provide a comprehensive assessment of environmental quality. Taken together, these results revealed the heaviest pollution at S2 as both PAHs concentrations and biomarkers responses reflected, and supported the integrated biomarker response as a useful tool for marine environmental monitoring, through its integration with SQGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yunhao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Huawei Qin
- Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yuanqing Ma
- Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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18
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Hillyer KE, Raes E, Karsh K, Holmes B, Bissett A, Beale DJ. Metabolomics as a tool for in situ study of chronic metal exposure in estuarine invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118408. [PMID: 34718088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are subject to intense human use globally, with impacts from multiple stressors, such as metal contaminants. A key challenge is extending beyond traditional monitoring approaches to understand effects to biota and system function. To explore the metabolic effects of complex metal contaminants to sediment dwelling (benthic) fauna, we apply a multiple-lines-of-evidence approach, coupling environmental monitoring, benthic sampling, total metals analysis and targeted metabolomics. We characterise metabolic signatures of metal exposure in three benthic invertebrate taxa, which differed in distribution across sites and severity of metal exposure: sipunculid (very high), amphipod (high), maldanid polychaete (moderate). We observed sediment and tissue metal loads far exceeding sediment guidelines where toxicity-related adverse effects may be expected, for metals including, As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Hg. Change in site- and taxa-specific metabolite profiles was highly correlated with natural environmental drivers (sediment total organic carbon and water temperature). At the most metal influenced sites, metabolite variation was also correlated with sediment metal loads. Using supervised multivariate regression, taxa-specific metabolic signatures of increased exposure and possibility of toxic effects were characterised against multiple reference sites. Metabolic signatures varied according to each taxon and degree of metal exposure, but primarily indicated altered cysteine and methionine metabolism, metal-binding and elimination (lysosomal) activity, coupled to change in complex biosynthesis pathways, responses to oxidative stress, and cellular damage. This novel multiple-lines-of-evidence approach combining metabolomics with traditional environmental monitoring, enabled detection and characterisation of chronic metal exposure effects in situ in multiple invertebrate taxa. With capacity for application to rapid and effective monitoring of non-model species in complex environments, these approaches are critical for improved assessment and management of systems that are increasingly subject to anthropogenic drivers of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Hillyer
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Eric Raes
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia; The Minderoo foundation, Flourishing Oceans, Broadway Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Kristen Karsh
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Holmes
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Andrew Bissett
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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19
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Souza FM, Gilbert ER, Brauko KM, Lorenzi L, Machado E, Camargo MG. Macrobenthic community responses to multiple environmental stressors in a subtropical estuary. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12427. [PMID: 34966574 PMCID: PMC8663631 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed how multi- and univariate models reflect marine environmental health based on macrobenthic community responses to three environmental stressor categories: hydrodynamics, organic enrichment and metal contamination. We then compared the models with the benthic index AMBI (AZTI Marine Biotic Index). Macrobenthic community and physicochemical variables were sampled at 35 sites along Babitonga Bay, a subtropical estuary in Southern Brazil. Distance-based linear modelling identified depth, grain size and organic matter as well as Cu and Zn as key stressors affecting the macrobenthos. Using canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP), we developed three multivariate models based on the variability in community composition, creating stress gradients. The metal gradient showed better correlation with the benthic community. Sediment quality indices (Geoaccumulation Index and Contamination Factor) showed a low to moderate contamination status, with higher concentrations for Cr, Ni and Zn at the inner areas of the bay. According to AMBI, Babitonga Bay has a “good” environmental health status, and the AMBI values show stronger correlations with the hydrodynamic and organic enrichment gradients (r = 0.50 and r = 0.47) rather than the metal gradient (r = 0.29). Lumbrineridae polychaetes (not included in the AMBI list) and Scoloplos sp. were negatively related to the metal contamination gradient and were considered sensitive, while Sigambra sp., Magelona papillicornis, the gastropod Heleobia australis and species of the crustacean order Mysida were positively related to the gradient and considered tolerant to higher concentrations of metals in the sediment. Despite the inconsistency in the ecological classification provided by AMBI and its relationship with the metal gradient, our results suggest that the environmental quality was satisfactory for the studied gradients. The metal gradient showed the weakest correlation to AMBI. In such cases, the ecological classification of taxa by the index should be evaluated under the perspective of the action of inorganic genotoxic contaminants represented by metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M Souza
- University of Amapá State-UEAP, Macapá, AP, Brazil.,Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eliandro R Gilbert
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística-IBGE, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Kalina M Brauko
- Coordenadoria Especial de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Lorenzi
- Department of Biology, University of Joinville Region-UNIVILLE, São Francisco do Sul, SC, Brazil
| | - Eunice Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauricio G Camargo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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20
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Huang C, Ge Y, Shen Z, Wang K, Yue S, Qiao Y. Reveal the metal handling and resistance of earthworm Metaphire californica with different exposure history through toxicokinetic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117954. [PMID: 34426187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetic (TK) model provides a new approach to mechanistically elucidate the natural variation of metal handling strategy by adaptive and sensitive earthworm populations. Here, TK model was applied to explore the metal handling and resistance strategy of wild Metaphire californica with different historical exposure history through a 12-day re-exposure and another 12-day elimination incubation. M. californica populations showed different kinetic strategies for non-essential metals (Cd and Pb) and essential metals (Zn and Cu), which were closely related to their exposure history. M. californica from the most serious Cd-contaminated soil showed the fastest kinetic rates of both Cd uptake (K1 = 0.78 gsoil/gworm/day) and elimination (K2 = 0.23 day-1), and also had the lowest Cd half-life (t1/2 = 3.01 day), which demonstrated the potential Cd-resistance of wild M. californica from Cd-contaminated soils. Besides, the comparative experiment showed totally different metal kinetics of laboratory Eisenia fetida from field M. californica, suggesting the impacts of distinct exposure history and species-specifical sensitivities. These findings provide a novel approach to identify and quantify resistance using TK model and also imply the risk of overlooking existing exposure background and interspecies extrapolation in eco-toxicological studies and risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Ge
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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21
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Shephard AM, Zambre AM, Snell‐Rood EC. Evaluating costs of heavy metal tolerance in a widely distributed, invasive butterfly. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1390-1402. [PMID: 34025774 PMCID: PMC8127708 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal tolerance to environmental pollution is thought to be constrained by fitness costs, where variants with higher survival in polluted environments have lower performance in nonpolluted environments. Yet, costs are not always detected in empirical studies. One hypothesis suggests that whether tolerance costs emerge depends on the degree of heterogeneity populations experience with respect to pollution exposure. For instance, in populations confined to local environments where pollution is persistent, selection may favour alleles that enhance pollution tolerance but reduce performance in nonpolluted environments (costs). However, in broadly distributed populations that undergo selection in both polluted and nonpolluted patches, costs should be eroded. Understanding tolerance costs in broadly distributed populations is relevant to management of invasive species, which are highly dispersive, wide ranging, and often colonize disturbed or polluted patches such as agricultural monocultures. Therefore, we conducted a case study quantifying costs of tolerance to zinc pollution (a common heavy metal pollutant) in wild cabbage white butterflies (Pieris rapae). This wide ranging, highly dispersive and invasive pest periodically encounters metal pollution by consuming plants in urban and agricultural settings. In contrast to expected costs of tolerance, we found that cabbage white families with greater zinc tolerance also produced more eggs and had higher reproductive effort under nonpolluted conditions. These results contribute to a more general hypothesis of why costs of pollution tolerance vary across studies: patchy selection with pollutants should erode costs and may favour genotypes that perform well under both polluted and nonpolluted conditions. This might partly explain why widely distributed invasive species are able to thrive in diverse, polluted and nonpolluted habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Amod M. Zambre
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Emilie C. Snell‐Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
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22
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Pham HT, Dinh KV, Hoang THT. Reversible and irreversible transgenerational effects of metal exposure on nine generations of a tropical micro-crustacean. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116631. [PMID: 33631692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Micro-crustaceans are important grazers that control the algal blooms in eutrophic lakes. However, we know little about how these key species may be affected by long-term exposure to contaminants and when the transgenerational effects are reversible and irreversible. To address this, we investigated the effects of lead (Pb, 100 μg L-1) exposure on morphology and reproduction of Moina dubia for nine consecutive generations (F1-F9) in three treatments: control, Pb, and pPb (M. dubia from Pb-exposed parents returned to the control condition). In F1-F2, Pb did not affect morphology, and reproduction of M. dubia. In all later generations, Pb-exposed M. dubia had a smaller body and shorter antennae than those in control. In F3-F6, pPb-exposed animals showed no differences in body size and antennae compared to the control, suggesting recoverable effects. In F7-F9, the body size and antennae of pPb-exposed animals did not differ compared to Pb-exposed ones, and both were smaller than the control animals, suggesting irreversible effects. Pb exposure reduced the brood size, number of broods and total neonates per female in F3-F9, yet the reproduction could recover in pPb treatment until F7. No recovery of the brood size and number of broods per female was observed in pPb-exposed animals in the F8-F9. Our study suggests that long-term exposure to metals, here Pb, may cause irreversible impairments in morphology and reproduction of tropical urban micro-crustaceans that may lower the top-down control on algal blooms and functioning of eutrophic urban lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong T Pham
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, No 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemistry and Environment, Thuyloi University, No 175 Tay Son Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Khuong V Dinh
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Thu-Huong T Hoang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, No 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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23
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Rodríguez-Romero A, Viguri JR, Calosi P. Acquiring an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology to tackle emerging concerns in a rapidly changing ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142816. [PMID: 33092841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tens of thousands of anthropogenic chemicals and wastes enter the marine environment each year as a consequence of the ever-increasing anthropogenic activities and demographic growth of the human population, which is majorly concentrated along coastal areas. Marine ecotoxicology has had a crucial role in helping shed light on the fate of chemicals in the environment, and improving our understanding of how they can affect natural ecosystems. However, chemical contamination is not occurring in isolation, but rather against a rapidly changing environmental horizon. Most environmental studies have been focusing on short-term within-generation responses of single life stages of single species to single stressors. As a consequence, one-dimensional ecotoxicology cannot enable us to appreciate the degree and magnitude of future impacts of chemicals on marine ecosystems. Current approaches that lack an evolutionary perspective within the context of ongoing and future local and global stressors will likely lead us to under or over estimations of the impacts that chemicals will exert on marine organisms. It is therefore urgent to define whether marine organisms can acclimate, i.e. adjust their phenotypes through transgenerational plasticity, or rapidly adapt, i.e. realign the population phenotypic performances to maximize fitness, to the new chemical environment within a selective horizon defined by global changes. To foster a significant advancement in this research area, we review briefly the history of ecotoxicology, synthesis our current understanding of the fate and impact of contaminants under global changes, and critically discuss the benefits and challenges of integrative approaches toward developing an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology: particularly through a multigenerational approach. The inclusion of multigenerational studies in Ecological Risk Assessment framework (ERA) would provide significant and more accurately information to help predict the risks of pollution in a rapidly changing ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rodríguez-Romero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Javier R Viguri
- Green Engineering & Resources Research Group (GER), Departamento de Química e Ingeniería de Procesos y Recursos, ETSIIT, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
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24
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Filipiak M, Woyciechowski M, Czarnoleski M. Stoichiometric niche, nutrient partitioning and resource allocation in a solitary bee are sex-specific and phosphorous is allocated mainly to the cocoon. Sci Rep 2021; 11:652. [PMID: 33436811 PMCID: PMC7804283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Life histories of species may be shaped by nutritional limitations posed on populations. Yet, populations contain individuals that differ according to sex and life stage, each of which having different nutritional demands and experiencing specific limitations. We studied patterns of resource assimilation, allocation and excretion during the growth of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis (two sexes) under natural conditions. Adopting an ecological perspective, we assert that organisms ingest mutable organic molecules that are transformed during physiological processes and that the immutable atoms of the chemical elements composing these molecules may be allocated to specific functions, thereby influencing organismal fitness and life history. Therefore, using the framework of ecological stoichiometry, we investigated the multielemental (C, N, S, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) compositions of six components of the bee elemental budget: food (pollen), eggs, pupae, adults, cocoons and excreta. The sexes differed fundamentally in the assimilation and allocation of acquired atoms, elemental phenotypes, and stoichiometric niches for all six components. Phosphorus, which supports larval growth, was allocated mainly (55-75%) to the cocoon after larval development was complete. Additionally, the majority (60-99%) of the Mn, Ca, Mg and Zn acquired during larval development was allocated to the cocoon, probably influencing bee fitness by conferring protection. We conclude that for holometabolous insects, considering only the chemical composition of the adult body within the context of nutritional ecology does not provide a complete picture. Low ratios of C to other nutrients, low N:P and high Na concentrations in excreta and cocoons may be important for local-scale nutrient cycling. Limited access to specific nutritional elements may hinder bee development in a sex-dependent manner, and N and P limitations, commonly considered elsewhere, may not play important roles in O. bicornis. Sexual dimorphism in nutritional limitations due to nutrient scarcity during the larval stage may influence bee population function and should be considered in bee conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Filipiak
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michal Woyciechowski
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Czarnoleski
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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25
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Cleveland D, Hinck JE, Lankton JS. Elemental and radionuclide exposures and uptakes by small rodents, invertebrates, and vegetation at active and post-production uranium mines in the Grand Canyon watershed. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127908. [PMID: 32835973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of breccia pipe uranium mining in the Grand Canyon watershed (Arizona) on ecological and cultural resources are largely unknown. We characterized the exposure of biota to uranium and co-occurring ore body elements during active ore production and at a site where ore production had recently concluded. Our results indicate that biota have taken up uranium and other elements (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, copper, molybdenum, uranium) from exposure to ore and surficial contamination, like blowing dust. Results indicate the potential for prolonged exposure to elements and radionuclides upon conclusion of active ore production. Mean radium-226 in deer mice was up to 4 times greater than uranium-234 and uranium-238 in those same samples; this may indicate a potential for, but does not necessarily imply, radium-226 toxicity. Soil screening benchmarks for uranium and molybdenum and other toxicity thresholds for arsenic, copper, selenium, uranium (e.g., growth effects) were exceeded in vegetation, invertebrates, and rodents (Peromyscus spp., Thomomys bottae, Tamias dorsalis, Dipodomys deserti). However, the prevalence and severity of microscopic lesions in rodent tissues (as direct evidence of biological effects of uptake and exposure) could not be definitively linked to mining. Our data indicate that land managers might consider factors like species, seasonal changes in environmental concentrations, and bioavailability, when determining mine permitting and remediation in the Grand Canyon watershed. Ultimately, our results will be useful for site-specific ecological risk analysis and can support future decisions regarding the mineral extraction withdrawal in the Grand Canyon watershed and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Cleveland
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.
| | - Jo Ellen Hinck
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Julia S Lankton
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
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26
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Matthews B, Jokela J, Narwani A, Räsänen K, Pomati F, Altermatt F, Spaak P, Robinson CT, Vorburger C. On biological evolution and environmental solutions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138194. [PMID: 32251887 PMCID: PMC7118648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drawing insights from multiple disciplines is essential for finding integrative solutions that are required to tackle complex environmental problems. Human activities are causing unprecedented influence on global ecosystems, culminating in the loss of species and fundamental changes in the selective environments of organisms across the tree of life. Our collective understanding about biological evolution can help identify and mitigate many of the environmental problems in the Anthropocene. To this end, we propose a stronger integration of environmental sciences with evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Matthews
- EAWAG, Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution, and Biogeochemistry, Seestrasse 79, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland; EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jukka Jokela
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Narwani
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katja Räsänen
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Pomati
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Altermatt
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Piet Spaak
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christoph Vorburger
- EAWAG, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstr. 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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27
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Li Z, Pan L, Guo R, Cao Y, Sun J. A verification of correlation between chemical monitoring and multi-biomarker approach using clam Ruditapes philippinarum and scallop Chlamys farreri to assess the impact of pollution in Shandong coastal area of China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 155:111155. [PMID: 32469775 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biogeochemical monitoring coupled with multi-biomarker approach were performed for the assessment of marine environment, using clam Ruditapes philippinarum and scallop Chlamys farreri to indicate contamination status in sediments and seawater respectively. The bivalves were collected from three stations, Jiaozhou Bay, Rushan Bay and Laizhou Bay, of Shandong coastal area. A series of contaminants (PAHs and TBBPA) and biomarkers (AhR, EROD, GST, SOD, GPx, CAT, DNA damage) were measured. Multi-biomarker pollution index (MPI) and integrated biomarker response (IBR) were carried out to evaluate contamination status and both indexes showed that Rushan Bay was most polluted, where the pollution level of sediments reached "highly polluted" in August, followed by Jiaozhou Bay and Rushan Bay which reached "lightly polluted". The correlation of IBR values with contaminants' concentrations was verified through the Pearson correlation coefficient (p < 0.05), consolidating this scientific assessment method for marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Yunhao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
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28
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Wang K, Qiao Y, Li H, Huang C. Use of integrated biomarker response for studying the resistance strategy of the earthworm Metaphire californica in Cd-contaminated field soils in Hunan Province, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114056. [PMID: 32041026 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Research was conducted to study the response and detoxification mechanisms of earthworms collected from Cd-contaminated areas in Hunan Province, South China. Metaphire californica, the dominant earthworm species in fields, referred as earthworm-A and -B that collected from low- (0.81 mg kg-1) and high-Cd soil (13.3 mg kg-1), respectively, for exchanging incubation in laboratory. The results showed that earthworm-A gradually accumulated higher Cd when exposed in the high-Cd soil, whereas Cd concentration of earthworm-B decreased after being transferred to low-Cd soil (albeit BAFCd >20). The integrated biomarker response index was calculated with the biomarkers of antioxidant systems (e.g., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and energy index (e.g., protein and glycogen) in M. californica. GSH, GPx, and GST contributed the most to the integrated biomarker response (IBR) in earthworm-A when exposed in high-Cd soil for 14 d. Earthworm-B responded with higher GST and GPx activities and decreased protein content in low-Cd soil. For 28 d, the response of earthworm-A was not evident in either low- or high-Cd soil, and the inductive effect of metal stress on earthworm-B tended to be stable, except for the higher MDA content (p < 0.05) when exposed in low-Cd soil. The IBR index of earthworm-B (2.93 and 3.40) in low- and high-Cd soil, respectively, was higher than that of earthworm-A (0.89 and 1.0). Overall, earthworm-A exhibited a detoxification process to resist high-Cd toxicity from low-to high-Cd soil. Earthworm-B exhibited a physiological resilience once its habitat had changed to a normal or low-Cd soil environment, possibly owing to the cost of its resistance adaptation to the historical highly contaminated soil in fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Huafen Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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29
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Oziolor EM, DeSchamphelaere K, Lyon D, Nacci D, Poynton H. Evolutionary Toxicology-An Informational Tool for Chemical Regulation? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:257-268. [PMID: 31978273 PMCID: PMC7885860 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elias M Oziolor
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karel DeSchamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, GhEnToxLab Unit, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Delina Lyon
- Shell Health, Shell Oil Company, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diane Nacci
- Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Center for Environmental Measurements and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Helen Poynton
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Spurgeon DJ. Higher than … or lower than ….? Evidence for the validity of the extrapolation of laboratory toxicity test results to predict the effects of chemicals and ionising radiation in the field. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 211:105757. [PMID: 29970267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Single species laboratory tests and associated species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) that utilise the resulting data can make a key contribution to efforts to prospective hazard assessments for pesticides, biocides, metals and ionising radiation for research and regulatory risk assessment. An assumption that underlies the single species based toxicity testing approach when combined in SSD models is that the assessments of sensitivities to chemical and ionising radiation measured across a range of species in the laboratory can inform on the likely effects on communities present in the field. Potential issues with the validity of this assumption were already recognised by Van Straalen and Denneman (1989) in their landmark paper on the SSD methodology. In this work, they identified eight major factors that could potentially compromise the extrapolation of laboratory toxicity data to the field. Factors covered a range of issues related to differences in chemistry (e.g. bioavailability, mixtures); environmental conditions (optimal, variable), ecological (compensatory, time-scale) and population genetic structure (adaptation, meta-population dynamics). This paper outlines the evidence pertaining to the influence of these different factors on toxicity in the laboratory as compared to the field focussing especially on terrestrial ecosystems. Through radiological and ecotoxicological research, evidence of the influence of each factor on the translation of observed toxicity from the laboratory to field is available in all cases. The importance of some factors, such as differences in chemical bioavailability between laboratory tests and the field and the ubiquity of exposure to mixtures is clearly established and has some relevance to radiological protection. However, other factors such as the differences in test conditions (optimal vs sub-optimal) and the development of tolerance may be relevant on a case by case basis. When SSDs generated from laboratory tests have been used to predict chemical and ionising radiation effects in the field, results have indicated that they may often seem to under-predict impacts, although this may also be due to other factors such as the effects of other non-chemical stressors also affecting communities at polluted sites. A better understanding of the main factors affecting this extrapolation can help to reduce uncertainty during risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK.
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31
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Loria A, Cristescu ME, Gonzalez A. Mixed evidence for adaptation to environmental pollution. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1259-1273. [PMID: 31417613 PMCID: PMC6691217 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to pollution has been studied since the first observations of heavy metal tolerance in plants decades ago. To document micro-evolutionary responses to pollution, researchers have used phenotypic, molecular genetics, and demographic approaches. We reviewed 258 articles and evaluated the evidence for adaptive responses following exposure to a wide range of pollutants, across multiple taxonomic groups. We also conducted a meta-analysis to calculate the magnitude of phenotypic change in invertebrates in response to metal pollution. The majority of studies that reported differences in responses to pollution were focused on phenotypic responses at the individual level. Most of the studies that used demographic assays in their investigations found that negative effects induced by pollution often worsened over multiple generations. Our meta-analysis did not reveal a significant relationship between metal pollution intensity and changes in the traits studied, and this was probably due to differences in coping responses among different species, the broad array of abiotic and biotic factors, and the weak statistical power of the analysis. We found it difficult to make broad statements about how likely or how common adaptation is in the presence of environmental contamination. Ecological and evolutionary responses to contamination are complex, and difficult to interpret in the context of taxonomic, and methodological biases, and the inconsistent set of approaches that have been used to study adaptation to pollution in the laboratory and in the field. This review emphasizes the need for: (a) long-term monitoring programs on exposed populations that link demography to phenotypic, genetic, and selection assays; (b) the use of standardized protocols across studies especially for similar taxa. Approaches that combine field and laboratory studies offer the greatest opportunity to reveal the complex eco-evolutionary feedback that can occur under selection imposed by pollution.
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Vigneron A, Geffard O, Quéau H, François A, Chaumot A. Nongenetic inheritance of increased Cd tolerance in a field Gammarus fossarum population: Parental exposure steers offspring sensitivity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 209:91-98. [PMID: 30753974 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While the phenomenon of increased population tolerance to environmental contaminants has been widely reported for aquatic animal species living in contaminated ecosystems, the question of the nature of the tolerance, i.e., genetic adaptation or phenotypic plasticity, has not yet been studied to the same degree and remains under debate when explaining the variability of toxicological sensitivity among field populations. The occurrence of both processes challenges the ecological risk assessment (ERA) of chemicals, questioning the relevance of toxicity assessment procedures based on bioassays employing organisms from naive reference populations. Nonetheless, given that genetic adaptation and phenotypic acclimation are based on different mechanisms, with different persistence periods over time when exposure is stopped, gaining insight into the mechanism of tolerance to contaminants of field populations is a major concern for ERA. In this context, this study aimed to test whether genetic adaptation underlies the tolerance to cadmium (Cd) in a field Gammarus fossarum population identified in a previous study. Breeding and exposure experiments conducted in laboratory conditions revealed that: (1) first and second cohorts of neonates produced from field-collected parents present an increased Cd tolerance, which is explained by a reduction of between-brood variability of Cd sensitivity with an absence of sensitive broods compared to two reference populations rather than by the existence of more tolerant individuals; and (2) Cd tolerance was no longer evident for broods of the third cohort produced by these breeders when maintained under Cd-free conditions in the laboratory. Hence, this study drew the striking conclusion that the observation of Cd tolerance inheritance within the field population studied does not demonstrate genetic adaptation, but it results from an effect of parental exposure inducing transgenerational plasticity, which deeply influences the variability of population sensitivity. To our knowledge, this study is only the second report of increased tolerance to contaminants in a field population explicitly attributed to the phenomenon of transgenerational acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vigneron
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - O Geffard
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - H Quéau
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A François
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Chaumot
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69625 Villeurbanne, France.
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Morkunas I, Woźniak A, Mai VC, Rucińska-Sobkowiak R, Jeandet P. The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:E2320. [PMID: 30208652 PMCID: PMC6225295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review discusses the impact of heavy metals on the growth of plants at different concentrations, paying particular attention to the hormesis effect. Within the past decade, study of the hormesis phenomenon has generated considerable interest because it was considered not only in the framework of plant growth stimulation but also as an adaptive response of plants to a low level of stress which in turn can play an important role in their responses to other stress factors. In this review, we focused on the defence mechanisms of plants as a response to different metal ion doses and during the crosstalk between metal ions and biotic stressors such as insects and pathogenic fungi. Issues relating to metal ion acquisition and ion homeostasis that may be essential for the survival of plants, pathogens and herbivores competing in the same environment were highlighted. Besides, the influence of heavy metals on insects, especially aphids and pathogenic fungi, was shown. Our intention was also to shed light on the relationship between heavy metals deposition in the environment and ecological communities formed under a strong selective pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Woźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Van Chung Mai
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Vinh University, Le Duan 182, Vinh City, Vietnam.
| | - Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", UPRES EA 4707, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims, P.O. Box 1039, 02 51687 Reims CEDEX, France.
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Jeremias G, Barbosa J, Marques SM, De Schamphelaere KAC, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL, Asselman J. Transgenerational Inheritance of DNA Hypomethylation in Daphnia magna in Response to Salinity Stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10114-10123. [PMID: 30113818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have been found to play important roles in environmental stress response and regulation. These can, theoretically, be transmitted to future unexposed generations, yet few studies have shown persisting stress-induced transgenerational effects, particularly in invertebrates. Here, we focus on the aquatic microcrustacean Daphnia, a parthenogenetic model species, and its response to salinity stress. Salinity is a serious threat to freshwater ecosystems and a relevant form of environmental perturbation affecting freshwater ecosystems. We exposed one generation of D. magna to high levels of salinity (F0) and found that the exposure provoked specific methylation patterns that were transferred to the three consequent nonexposed generations (F1, F2, and F3). This was the case for the hypomethylation of six protein-coding genes with important roles in the organisms' response to environmental change: DNA damage repair, cytoskeleton organization, and protein synthesis. This suggests that epigenetic changes in Daphnia are particularly targeted to genes involved in coping with general cellular stress responses. Our results highlight that epigenetic marks are affected by environmental stressors and can be transferred to subsequent unexposed generations. Epigenetic marks could therefore prove to be useful indicators of past or historic pollution in this parthenogenetic model system. Furthermore, no life history costs seem to be associated with the maintenance of hypomethylation across unexposed generations in Daphnia following a single stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Jeremias
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - João Barbosa
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Sérgio M Marques
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab) , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
| | | | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Joana Luísa Pereira
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab) , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
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Gao D, Lin J, Ou K, Chen Y, Li H, Dai Q, Yu Z, Zuo Z, Wang C. Embryonic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene inhibits reproductive capability in adult female zebrafish and correlation with DNA methylation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:403-411. [PMID: 29753248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of embryonic short-term exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, on ovarian development and reproductive capability in adult female zebrafish. In 1-year-old fish after embryonic exposure to BaP for 96 h, the gonadosomatic indices and the percentage of mature oocytes were significantly decreased in the 0.5, 5 and 50 nmol/L treatments. The spawned egg number, the fertilization rate and the hatching success were significantly reduced, while the malformation rate of the F1 unexposed larvae were increased. The mRNA levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, ovarian cytochrome P450 aromatase cyp19a1a and cyp19b, estrogen receptor esr1 and esr2, and hepatic vitellogenin vtg1 and vtg2 genes, were down-regulated in adult female zebrafish that were exposed to BaP during embryonic stage. Both 17β-estradiol and testosterone levels were reduced in the ovary of adult females. The methylation levels of the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) gene gnrh3 were significantly increased in the adult zebrafish brain, and those of the GnRH receptor gene gnrhr3 were elevated both in the larvae exposed to BaP and in the adult brain, which might cause the down-regulation of the mRNA levels of gnrh3 and gnrhr3. This epigenetic change caused by embryonic exposure to BaP might be a reason for physiological changes along the brain-pituitary-gonad axis. These results suggest that short-term exposure in early life should be included and evaluated in any risk assessment of pollutant exposure to the reproductive health of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Kunlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Hongbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Qinhua Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenni Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Athanasio CG, Sommer U, Viant MR, Chipman JK, Mirbahai L. Use of 5-azacytidine in a proof-of-concept study to evaluate the impact of pre-natal and post-natal exposures, as well as within generation persistent DNA methylation changes in Daphnia. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:556-568. [PMID: 29623456 PMCID: PMC6010494 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Short-term exposures at critical stages of development can lead to delayed adverse effects long after the initial stressor has been removed, a concept referred to as developmental origin of adult disease. This indicates that organisms' phenotypes may epigenetically reflect their past exposure history as well as reflecting chemicals currently present in their environment. This concept has significant implications for environmental monitoring. However, there is as yet little or no implementation of epigenetics in environmental risk assessment. In a proof-of-principle study we exposed Daphnia magna to 5-azacytidine, a known DNA de-methylating agent. Exposures covered combinations of prenatal and postnatal exposures as well as different exposure durations and recovery stages. Growth, the transcription of genes and levels of metabolites involved in regulating DNA methylation, and methylation levels of several genes were measured. Our data shows that prenatal exposures caused significant changes in the methylome of target genes, indicating that prenatal stages of Daphnia are also susceptible to same level of change as post-natal stages of Daphnia. While the combination of pre- and postnatal exposures caused the most extreme reduction in DNA methylation compared to the control group. Furthermore, some of the changes in the methylation patterns were persistent even after the initial stressor was removed. Our results suggest that epigenetic biomarkers have the potential to be used as indicators of past chemical exposure history of organisms and provide strong support for implementing changes to the current regimes for chemical risk assessment to mimic realistic environmental scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulf Sommer
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility-Metabolomics Node (NBAF-B), School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mark R Viant
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility-Metabolomics Node (NBAF-B), School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - James Kevin Chipman
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Leda Mirbahai
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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Cervantes-Ramírez LT, Ramírez-López M, Mussali-Galante P, Ortiz-Hernández ML, Sánchez-Salinas E, Tovar-Sánchez E. Heavy metal biomagnification and genotoxic damage in two trophic levels exposed to mine tailings: a network theory approach. REVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40693-018-0076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mercury removal by engineered Escherichia coli cells expressing different rice metallothionein isoforms. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1326-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Yin Q, Wang WX. Uniquely high turnover of nickel in contaminated oysters Crassostrea hongkongensis: Biokinetics and subcellular distribution. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 194:159-166. [PMID: 29195095 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the environmental concerns regarding nickel (Ni) especially in China, it has received little attention in aquatic animals due to its comparatively weak toxicity. In the present study, we explored the bioaccumulation, biokinetics, and subcellular distribution of Ni in an estuarine oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. We demonstrated that Ni represented a new pattern of bioaccumulation in oysters characterized by rapid elimination and low dissolved uptake. The waterborne uptake rate constant and dietary assimilation efficiency were 0.036L/g/h and 28%, respectively, and dissolved uptake was the predominant exposure route. The efflux rate constant was positively related to tissue Ni concentration, with the highest efflux of 0.155d-1. Such high elimination resulted in a high Ni turnover and steady-state condition reached rapidly, as shown with a 4-week waterborne exposure experiment at different Ni concentrations. Ni in oysters was mainly sequestered in metallothionein-like protein (MTLP), metal-rich granule, and cellular debris. MTLP was the most important binding fraction during accumulation and depuration, and played a dynamic role leading to rapid Ni elimination. Pre-exposure to Ni significantly reduced the dissolved uptake, probably accompanied by depressed filtration activity. Overall, the high turnover and regulation of Ni in oysters were achieved by enhanced efflux, suppressed uptake, and sequestration of most Ni into the detoxified pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Yin
- Environmental Science Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Environmental Science Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China; Marine Environmental Laboratory, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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Krause KE, Dinh KV, Nielsen TG. Increased tolerance to oil exposure by the cosmopolitan marine copepod Acartia tonsa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:87-94. [PMID: 28688259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil contamination is an environmental hazard to marine ecosystems, but marine organism tolerance to oil after many generations of exposure remains poorly known. We studied the effects of transgenerational oil exposure on fitness-related traits in a cosmopolitan neritic copepod, Acartia tonsa. Copepods were exposed to an oil compound, the PAH pyrene, at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 100+(the saturated pyrene concentration in seawater)nM over two generations and measured survival, sex ratio, size at maturity, grazing rate and reproductive success. Exposure to the pyrene concentration of 100+nM resulted in 100% mortality before adulthood in the first generation. At the pyrene concentration of 100nM, pyrene reduced grazing rate, increased mortality, reduced the size of females and caused lower egg production and hatching success. Importantly, we found strong evidence for increased tolerance to pyrene exposure in the second generation: the reduction in size at maturity of females was less pronounced in the second generation and survival, egg production and hatching success were recovered to control levels in the second generation. The increased tolerance of copepods to oil contamination may dampen the direct ecological consequences of a coastal oil spill, but it raises the concern whether a larger fraction of oil components accumulated in survived copepods, may be transferred up the food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamille Elvstrøm Krause
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Khuong V Dinh
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Torkel Gissel Nielsen
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, bygning 201, Lyngby Campus, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Anderson C, Cunha L, Sechi P, Kille P, Spurgeon D. Genetic variation in populations of the earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus, across contaminated mine sites. BMC Genet 2017; 18:97. [PMID: 29149838 PMCID: PMC5693503 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Populations of the earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus, are commonly found across highly contaminated former mine sites and are considered to have under-gone selection for mitigating metal toxicity. Comparison of adapted populations with those found on less contaminated soils can provide insights into ecological processes that demonstrate the long-term effects of soil contamination. Contemporary sequencing methods allow for portrayal of demographic inferences and highlight genetic variation indicative of selection at specific genes. Furthermore, the occurrence of L. rubellus lineages across the UK allows for inferences of mechanisms associated with drivers of speciation and local adaptation. RESULTS Using RADseq, we were able to define population structure between the two lineages through the use of draft genomes for each, demonstrating an absence of admixture between lineages and that populations over extensive geographic distances form discrete populations. Between the two British lineages, we were able to provide evidence for selection near to genes associated with epigenetic and morphological functions, as well as near a gene encoding a pheromone. Earthworms inhabiting highly contaminated soils bare close genomic resemblance to those from proximal control soils. We were able to define a number of SNPs that largely segregate populations and are indicative of genes that are likely under selection for managing metal toxicity. This includes calcium and phosphate-handling mechanisms linked to lead and arsenic contaminants, respectively, while we also observed evidence for glutathione-related mechanisms, including metallothionein, across multiple populations. Population genomic end points demonstrate no consistent reduction in nucleotide diversity, or increase in inbreeding coefficient, relative to history of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Though we can clearly define lineage membership using genomic markers, as well as population structure between geographic localities, it is difficult to resolve markers that segregate entirely between populations in response to soil metal concentrations. This may represent a highly variable series of traits in response to the heterogenous nature of the soil environment, but ultimately demonstrates the maintenance of lineage-specific genetic variation among local populations. L. rubellus appears to provide an exemplary system for exploring drivers for speciation, with a continuum of lineages coexisting across continental Europe, while distinct lineages exist in isolation throughout the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Anderson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA UK
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Main Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Luis Cunha
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Main Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
- Embrapa Florestas, Estrada da Ribeira km. 111, Colombo, PR 83411-000 Brazil
| | - Pierfrancesco Sechi
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Main Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Peter Kille
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Main Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - David Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BB UK
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Merritt TJS, Bewick AJ. Genetic Diversity in Insect Metal Tolerance. Front Genet 2017; 8:172. [PMID: 29163639 PMCID: PMC5673992 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects encounter a variety of metals in their environment, many of which are required at some concentration for normal organismal homeostasis, but essentially all of which are toxic at higher concentrations. Insects have evolved a variety of genetic, and likely epigenetic, mechanisms to deal with metal stress. A recurring theme in all these systems is complexity and diversity; even simple, single gene, cases are complex. Of the known gene families, the metallothioneins are perhaps the best understood and provide good examples of how diverse metal response is. Interestingly, there is considerable diversity across taxa in these metal-responsive systems, including duplications to form small gene families and complex expression of single loci. Strikingly, different species have evolved different mechanisms to cope with the same, or similar, stress suggesting both independent derivation of, and plasticity in, the pathways involved. It is likely that some metal-response systems evolved early in evolutionary time and have been conserved, while others have diverged, and still others evolved more recently and convergently. In addition to conventional genetics, insects likely respond to environmental metal through a variety of epigenetic systems, but direct tests are lacking. Ultimately, it is likely that classical genetic and epigenetic factors interact in regulating insect metal responses. In light of this diversity across species, future studies including a broad-based examination of gene expression in non-model species in complex environments will likely uncover additional genes and genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J S Merritt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Adam J Bewick
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Dutilleul M, Réale D, Goussen B, Lecomte C, Galas S, Bonzom J. Adaptation costs to constant and alternating polluted environments. Evol Appl 2017; 10:839-851. [PMID: 29151875 PMCID: PMC5680423 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Some populations quickly adapt to strong and novel selection pressures caused by anthropogenic stressors. However, this short-term evolutionary response to novel and harsh environmental conditions may lead to adaptation costs, and evaluating these costs is important if we want to understand the evolution of resistance to anthropogenic stressors. In this experimental evolution study, we exposed Caenorhabditis elegans populations to uranium (U populations), salt (NaCl populations) and alternating uranium/salt treatments (U/NaCl populations) and to a control environment (C populations), over 22 generations. In parallel, we ran common-garden and reciprocal-transplant experiments to assess the adaptive costs for populations that have evolved in the different environmental conditions. Our results showed rapid evolutionary changes in life history characteristics of populations exposed to the different pollution regimes. Furthermore, adaptive costs depended on the type of pollutant: pollution-adapted populations had lower fitness than C populations, when the populations were returned to their original environment. Fitness in uranium environments was lower for NaCl populations than for U populations. In contrast, fitness in salt environments was similar between U and NaCl populations. Moreover, fitness of U/NaCl populations showed similar or higher fitness in both the uranium and the salt environments compared to populations adapted to constant uranium or salt environments. Our results show that adaptive evolution to a particular stressor can lead to either adaptive costs or benefits once in contact with another stressor. Furthermore, we did not find any evidence that adaptation to alternating stressors was associated with additional adaption costs. This study highlights the need to incorporate adaptive cost assessments when undertaking ecological risk assessments of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Dutilleul
- Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie des radionucléidesInstitut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, CadaracheSaint‐Paul‐lez‐Durance CedexFrance
- Département des Sciences BiologiquesUniversité du Québec À MontréalMontréalQCCanada
- Faculté de pharmacieLaboratoire de ToxicologieUniversité de Montpellier 1Montpellier Cedex 5France
- Present address:
Environment DepartmentUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkUK
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences BiologiquesUniversité du Québec À MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Benoit Goussen
- Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie des radionucléidesInstitut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, CadaracheSaint‐Paul‐lez‐Durance CedexFrance
- Unit “Models for ecotoxicology and toxicology” (METO) INERIS Parc ALATAVerneuil‐en‐HalatteFrance
- Present address:
Environment DepartmentUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkUK
- Present address:
Safety and Environmental Assurance CentreUnileverSharnbrookBedfordshireUK
| | - Catherine Lecomte
- Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie des radionucléidesInstitut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, CadaracheSaint‐Paul‐lez‐Durance CedexFrance
| | - Simon Galas
- Faculté de pharmacieLaboratoire de ToxicologieUniversité de Montpellier 1Montpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Jean‐Marc Bonzom
- Laboratoire d’écotoxicologie des radionucléidesInstitut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, CadaracheSaint‐Paul‐lez‐Durance CedexFrance
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Oguma AY, Klerks PL. Pollution-induced community tolerance in benthic macroinvertebrates of a mildly lead-contaminated lake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19076-19085. [PMID: 28660509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) has been used to demonstrate effects of sediment contamination on microbes and meiofauna. Our study explored the potential to detect PICT in benthic macroinvertebrates of a lake with long-term mild lead (Pb) contamination. We collected macrobenthos from two areas in Caddo Lake, Texas, a control area (CO) with a mean sediment Pb level of 11 μg/g and Goose Prairie (GP) where sediment Pb levels averaged 74 μg/g. Upon return to the laboratory, we exposed macroinvertebrates to a lethal lead concentration and assessed 48-h mortality. Mortality of CO macrobenthos was significantly higher than that of GP macrobenthos, providing evidence that these communities differed in their tolerance to lead. A comparison of macrobenthos community composition between the areas showed that the GP macrobenthos lacked metal-sensitive taxa such as gastropods and amphipods (which were present at CO). Similarly, a higher proportion of the GP benthos belonged to metal-tolerant taxa such as isopods and chironomids. Thus, changes in community composition appeared to be at least partly responsible for differences in community tolerance. Our results showed that a sediment Pb concentration below effect-based sediment quality guidelines had a measurable impact on macrobenthos, thus demonstrating that results from single-species toxicity tests may underestimate impacts on communities. This study also confirms that the PICT approach with macroinvertebrates is a feasible and potentially powerful approach for detecting contaminant impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Y Oguma
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 43602, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA
| | - Paul L Klerks
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 43602, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA.
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45
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Guo R, Pan L, Ji R. A multi-biomarker approach in scallop Chlamys farreri to assess the impact of contaminants in Qingdao coastal area of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:399-409. [PMID: 28454052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multi-biomarker approach was carried out to classify the environmental quality and the adverse effects of contaminants on scallop Chlamys farreri. The scallops were collected from three sampling stations in Qingdao coastal area of China in March, May, August and October of 2015. A suite of environmental factors and biomarkers, including temperature, salinity, pH, the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As) in seawater and soft tissue, mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), uridine-diphosphate-glucuronyl-transferase (UGT), sulfotransferase (SULT), metallothionein (MT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents and DNA strand breaks, were measured in the gill and digestive gland. The results showed that S2 was the most polluted while S1 was identified the least polluted. Despite the differentiation of pollution levels and environmental parameters the selected biomarkers responded efficiently to contaminants. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that EROD for PAHs, AhR for TBBPA, MT for Cr, Pb and Mn, LPO and PC for Zn were the effective biomarkers respectively. This study demonstrated that the application of multi-biomarker approach in conjunction with the traditional analysis of environmental parameters and contaminants provided valuable information in environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Rongwang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
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46
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Giglio A, Cavaliere F, Giulianini PG, Mazzei A, Talarico F, Vommaro ML, Brandmayr P. Impact of agrochemicals on non-target species: Calathus fuscipes Goeze 1777 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:522-529. [PMID: 28478378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Carabid beetles are important in the biological control of arable crop pests. Agricultural practices can produce over time a delayed toxic effect at the organismal and population levels and can compromise the survival on these species. In this research, we quantified the cumulative sublethal effect on body size, Malpighian tubules and immune responses in Calathus fuscipes adults living in the potato field and exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin and cymoxanil-based commercial formulates. Reductions of morphological parameters such as body, pronotum and elytron in both males and females from the potato field indicated that the pre-imaginal stages (larvae and pupae) suffer the sublethal effects of exposure to the larvicide control action of lambda-cyhalothrin. Ultrastructural alterations recorded in Malpighian tubules at the level of plasma membrane, mitochondria and nucleus indicated the reduction of the detoxification capability. The basal phenoloxidase and lysozyme-like enzyme activities have measured as markers of immune competence. Spectrophometric analyses showed that the chronic exposure in field causes an increase of basal phenoloxidase enzyme activity, while the lytic activity of haemolymph was not affected. As a result, the use of larvicides and fungicides have a harmful effect on beneficial species such C. fuscipes living in the soil of potato fields. These morphological and physiological results recorded at the organismal level can provide useful information of effects at the population and community levels to preserve the biodiversity of agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cavaliere
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Mazzei
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Talarico
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Vommaro
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Pietro Brandmayr
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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47
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Frizzi F, Masoni A, Çelikkol M, Palchetti E, Ciofi C, Chelazzi G, Santini G. Serpentine soils affect heavy metal tolerance but not genetic diversity in a common Mediterranean ant. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:326-334. [PMID: 28412490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural habitats with serpentine soils are rich in heavy metal ions, which may significantly affect ecological communities. Exposure to metal pollutants results, for instance, in a reduction of population genetic diversity and a diffused higher tolerance towards heavy metals. In this study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to metals in serpentine soils affect accumulation patterns, tolerance towards metal pollutants, and genetic diversity in ants. In particular, we studied colonies of the common Mediterranean ant, Crematogaster scutellaris, along a contamination gradient consisting of two differently contaminated forests and a reference soil with no geogenic contamination. We first evaluated the metal content in both soil and ants' body. Then, we tested for tolerance towards metal pollutants by evaluating the mortality of ants fed with nickel (Ni) solutions of increasing concentrations. Finally, differences in genetic diversity among ants from different areas were assessed using eight microsatellite loci. Interestingly, a higher tolerance to nickel solutions was found in ants sampled in sites with intermediate levels of heavy metals. This may occur, because ants inhabiting strongly contaminated areas tend to accumulate higher amounts of contaminants. Additional ingestion of toxicants beyond the saturation threshold would lead to death. There was no difference in the genetic diversity among ant colonies sampled in different sites. This was probably the result of queen mediated gene flow during nuptial flights across uncontaminated and contaminated areas of limited geographical extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Frizzi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Alberto Masoni
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mine Çelikkol
- İstanbul University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, PK 34134, Vezneciler, Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Enrico Palchetti
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DISPAA), Piazzale delle Cascine, 18, 50144, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Ciofi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Guido Chelazzi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santini
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Biologia, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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48
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Yingprasertchai T, Yu RMK, O'Connor WA, Hopwood T, MacFarlane GR. Acclimatory processes are likely responsible for metal tolerance in oyster embryos. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 127:49-61. [PMID: 28372811 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine if offspring of oysters from contaminated locations were more tolerant to metals, and whether this tolerance could be attributed to acclimation. Oysters from 10 estuaries were sampled, representing a gradient in metal contamination. Tolerance to metals of the F1 offspring from adults residing in these estuaries was assessed. Then, adults from these estuaries were translocated to a single estuary and their offspring tolerance reassessed. No linear relationship was found between the Cu concentrations of adults and their offspring's tolerance to Cu. A positive linear relationship was found between the Zn concentration of adults and the Zn EC50's of their offspring. Zn tolerance was lost after translocation. Zn EC50 values of offspring from transplanted adults bore no relation to the Zn EC50's of their location of origin. Thus the initial tolerance observed could be attributed to acclimation transferred to the F1 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanvapon Yingprasertchai
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Faculty of Science and Technology, Kanchanaburi Rajabhat University, Muang District, Kanchanaburi, 7100 Thailand
| | - Richard Man Kit Yu
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Wayne A O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW 2316, Australia
| | - Tegan Hopwood
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Geoff R MacFarlane
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Peterson EK, Buchwalter DB, Kerby JL, LeFauve MK, Varian-Ramos CW, Swaddle JP. Integrative behavioral ecotoxicology: bringing together fields to establish new insight to behavioral ecology, toxicology, and conservation. Curr Zool 2017; 63:185-194. [PMID: 29491976 PMCID: PMC5804166 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zox010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread anthropogenic pollution. Although great emphasis in the field of toxicology has been placed on understanding how single pollutants affect survival, a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach that includes behavioral ecology is essential to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival of species and populations in an increasingly polluted world. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral ecotoxicology using Tinbergen’s four postulates (causation and mechanism, development and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evolutionary history and phylogenetic patterns). The aims of this review are: 1) to promote an integrative view and re-define the field of integrative behavioral ecotoxicology; 2) to demonstrate how studying ecotoxicology can promote behavior research; and 3) to identify areas of behavioral ecotoxicology that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Peterson
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - David B Buchwalter
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jacob L Kerby
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Matthew K LeFauve
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | - John P Swaddle
- Biology Department, Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA
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50
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Giglio A, Ammendola A, Battistella S, Naccarato A, Pallavicini A, Simeon E, Tagarelli A, Giulianini PG. Apis mellifera ligustica, Spinola 1806 as bioindicator for detecting environmental contamination: a preliminary study of heavy metal pollution in Trieste, Italy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:659-665. [PMID: 27744589 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees have become important tools for the ecotoxicological assessment of soil, water and air metal contamination due to their extraordinary capacity to bioaccumulate toxic metals from the environment. The level of heavy metal pollution in the Trieste city was monitored using foraging bees of Apis mellifera ligustica from hives owned by beekeepers in two sites strategically located in the suburban industrial area and urban ones chosen as control. The metal concentration in foraging bees was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The chemical analysis has identified and quantified 11 trace elements accumulated in two different rank orders: Zn> Cu > Sr > Bi > Ni > Cr > Pb = Co > V > Cd > As in foraging bees from the suburban site and Zn > Cu > Sr > Cr > Ni > Bi > Co = V > Pb > As > Cd in bees from urban site. Data revealed concentrations of Cr and Cu significantly higher and concentration of Cd significantly lower in bees from urban sites. The spatial difference and magnitude order in heavy metal accumulation along the urban-suburban gradient are mainly related to the different anthropogenic activity within sampled sites and represent a risk for the human health of people living in the city. We discussed and compared results with the range of values reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Giglio
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, Italy.
| | - Anna Ammendola
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Battistella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Attilio Naccarato
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Simeon
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Tagarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Piero Giulio Giulianini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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