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Cheriyan E, Kumar BSK, Gupta GVM, Rao DB. Implications of ocean acidification on micronutrient elements-iron, copper and zinc, and their primary biological impacts: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115991. [PMID: 38211542 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This review has been undertaken to understand the effectiveness of ocean acidification on oceanic micronutrient metal cycles (iron, copper and zinc) and its potential impacts on marine biota. Ocean acidification will slow down the oxidation of Fe(II) thereby retarding Fe(III) formation and subsequent hydrolysis/precipitation leading to an increase in iron bioavailability. Further, the increased primary production sustains enzymatic bacteria assisted Fe(III) reduction and subsequently the binding of weaker ligands favours the dissociation of free Fe(II) ions, thus increasing the bioavailability. The increasing pCO2 condition increases the bioavailability of copper ions by decreasing the availability of free CO32- ligand concentration. The strong complexation by dissolved organic matter may decrease the bioavailable iron and zinc ion concentration. Since ocean acidification affects the bioavailability of essential metals, studies on the uptake rates of these elements by phytoplankton should be carried out to reveal the future scenario and its effect on natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldhose Cheriyan
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
| | - B S K Kumar
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India.
| | - G V M Gupta
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
| | - D Bhaskara Rao
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
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2
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Shakeri Yekta S, Svensson BH, Skyllberg U, Schnürer A. Sulfide in engineered methanogenic systems - Friend or foe? Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108249. [PMID: 37666371 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide ions are regarded to be toxic to microorganisms in engineered methanogenic systems (EMS), where organic substances are anaerobically converted to products such as methane, hydrogen, alcohols, and carboxylic acids. A vast body of research has addressed solutions to mitigate process disturbances associated with high sulfide levels, yet the established paradigm has drawn the attention away from the multifaceted sulfide interactions with minerals, organics, microbial interfaces and their implications for performance of EMS. This brief review brings forward sulfide-derived pathways other than toxicity and with potential significance for anaerobic organic matter degradation. Available evidence on sulfide reactions with organic matter, interventions with key microbial metabolisms, and interspecies electron transfer are critically synthesized as a guidance for comprehending the sulfide effects on EMS apart from the microbial toxicity. The outcomes identify existing knowledge gaps and specify future research needs as a step forward towards realizing the potential of sulfide-derived mechanisms in diversifying and optimizing EMS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Biogas Solutions Research Center, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Biogas Solutions Research Center, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Biogas Solutions Research Center, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Shi Z, Guo M, Du H, Yang K, Liu X, Xu H. Investigation of cytotoxic cadmium in aquatic green algae by synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Role of dissolved organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161870. [PMID: 36731571 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal Cd can cause severe toxicity on aquatic algae, but there are few studies on the cytotoxicity of heavy metal on algae based on synchrotron radiation technology. In this study, synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectromicroscopy (SR-FTIR) was used to characterize in vivo the toxic effects of Cd on Cosmarium sp. cells, emphasizing the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on Cd toxicity. Results showed that, in the absence of DOM, obvious growth inhibition, cell volume reduction, and photosynthesis disruption could be observed with increasing Cd concentrations (0-500 μg/L). Based on the SR-FTIR imaging and functional group quantification, it was shown that the biosynthesis of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates was inhibited in algal cells. However, the addition of DOM caused significant heterogeneities in biomacromolecule biosynthesis that an increased biosynthesis of carbohydrates and structural lipids but an inhibited biosynthesis of proteins and storage lipids were observed. Furthermore, the correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed a good correlation between v(C-OH)/Amide II and biochemical parameters, indicating that changes of carbohydrates could be used as the biomarker to indicate the cytotoxicity of heavy metals to algal cells. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms of heavy metal cytotoxicity to aquatic algae and systematic cytotoxicity assessment under various aquatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
| | - Haiyan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Keli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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4
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Price GAV, Stauber JL, Jolley DF, Koppel DJ, Van Genderen EJ, Ryan AC, Holland A. Natural organic matter source, concentration, and pH influences the toxicity of zinc to a freshwater microalga. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120797. [PMID: 36496066 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a contaminant of concern in aquatic environments and is a known toxicant to many aquatic organisms. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a toxicity modifying factor for zinc and is an important water chemistry parameter. This study investigated the influence of DOM concentration, source, and water pH on the chronic toxicity of zinc to a freshwater microalga, Chlorella sp. The influence of DOM on zinc toxicity was dependent on both concentration and source. In the absence of DOM, the 72-h EC50 was 112 μg Zn.L-1. In the presence of a DOM high in fulvic-like components, zinc toxicity was either slightly decreased (<4-fold increase in EC10s across 15 mg C.L-1 range) or unchanged (minimal difference in EC50s). In the presence of a DOM high in humic-like (aromatic and high molecular weight) components, zinc toxicity was slightly decreased at the EC10 level and strongly increased at the EC50 level. The influence of pH on zinc toxicity was dependent on the source of DOM present in the water. In the presence of DOM high in humic-like components pH did not influence toxicity. In the presence of DOM high in fulvic-like components, pH had a significant effect on EC50 values. Labile zinc (measured by diffusive gradients in thin-films) followed linear relationships with dissolved zinc but could not explain the changes in observed toxicity, with similar DGT-labile zinc relationships shown for the two DOMs despite each DOM influencing toxicity differently. This indicates changes in toxicity may be unrelated to changes in zinc lability. The results suggest that increased toxicity of zinc in the presence of DOM may be due to direct uptake of Zn-DOM complexes. This study highlights the importance of considering DOM source and characteristics when incorporating DOM into water quality guidelines through bioavailability models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwilym A V Price
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia; CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jenny L Stauber
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia; La Trobe University, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, Department of Environment and Genetics, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic, Australia
| | | | - Darren J Koppel
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Adam C Ryan
- International Zinc Association, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aleicia Holland
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia; La Trobe University, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, Department of Environment and Genetics, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic, Australia
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5
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Lin L, Zhao X, Wang Y, Gu X. Prediction of Cd Accumulation in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Simulation Calculation of Lime or Zn Fertilizer Remediated Soil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 110:19. [PMID: 36539543 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil Cd contamination to wheat raise wide concerns over food safety. It is essential to find the key factors affecting Cd accumulation in wheat and to establish a predictive model. The effects of pH, Zn, Ca, and DOM on the accumulation of Cd in wheat were investigated using hydroponic experiments. The results showed that Zn was the most important factor inhibiting Cd uptake in wheat. Models were developed to predict the Cd contents in wheat tissues based on the ion concentration. Meanwhile, the available Cd contents in soil were predicted using a geochemical multi-surface model (MSM) which is suitable for various soils and conditions. The combination of the hydroponic accumulation model and MSM exhibits good predictions of wheat-Cd (R2 = 0.822-0.862, RMSE = 0.317-0.533). The results of this study can quantitatively predict the accumulation of Cd in wheat and provide a reference for soil remediation and safe wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Copper Requirement and Acquisition by Marine Microalgae. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091853. [PMID: 36144455 PMCID: PMC9502191 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is a critical metal nutrient required by marine microalgae but may be toxic when supplied in excess. Maintaining an optimal intracellular Cu content is thus fundamentally necessary for microalgae and relies on cellular regulatory metabolisms and the process of Cu uptake that buffers the variation in environmental Cu availability. In this article the current progress in understanding the Cu requirements and acquisition mechanisms of marine microalgae is reviewed. Cu requirement by microalgae is primarily determined by the amount of Cu-dependent enzymes involved in cellular metabolisms and can be adjusted by Cu-sparing pathways. Decrease in metabolic Cu quotas caused a decline in the abundance of cuproenzymes and the dependent cellular metabolisms, and an induction of Cu acquisition pathways. Conventional models of Cu uptake describe the dependence of Cu uptake rate on free Cu2+ ions or kinetically labile species. A reductive, high-affinity Cu uptake system in marine microalgae is identified which enables cells to directly utilize organically complexed Cu, highlighting the importance of cell surface Cu reduction in the marine Cu cycle. This review provides new insights into Cu uptake models that may update the existing knowledge of Cu availability in the ocean.
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7
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Chang SH, Huang XG, Jia LP, Chen XH, Fang LC, Wang ZH, Li SX, Liu FJ. Responses of nickel bioavailability and toxicity of Prorocentrum Donghaienses to dissolved organic matter (DOM) fractions incubated in urea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:114017. [PMID: 36027715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Urea, nickel (Ni) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from land varied with different sources have a great impact on the offshore ecosystem. The heterogeneity of Ni bioavailability and toxicity of Prorocentrum donghaiense influenced by DOM fractions incubated in urea was investigated in this study. On the occasion, chlorophyll (Chl a) concentration, growth rate, and photosynthesis parameters were monitored to track changes occurring in the test organism. Chl a concentration and photosynthesis parameters in the treatment of hydrophilic DOM (HPI) with Ni-free was significantly higher than that in the control treatment, and similar data were shown in the treatment of hydrophobic DOM(HPO)with the low Ni environment (0.17μmol L-1). However, the opposite phenomena were observed in the treatments of HPO with the higher Ni environment (over 170μmol L-1). Moreover, the EC50 of Ni for P.donghaiense incubated in HPO was relatively lower than that in HPI and control treatment, which implied that HPO elevated the toxicity of Ni. Therefore, the varied DOM compositions because of different origins, as a chelating agent and potential nutrient source in coastal waters, shows the significantly different bioavailability and toxicity of Ni with the increasing inputs of urea, which in turn influences the dynamics of phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Huai Chang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China
| | - Xu-Guang Huang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China.
| | - Li-Ping Jia
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Xiao-Huang Chen
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Ling-Chuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Wang
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Shun-Xing Li
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Liu
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 36300, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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8
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Luo H, Du P, Wang P, Chen J, Li Y, Wang H, Teng Y, Li F. Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter in cadmium-contaminated paddy soil amended with different materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153985. [PMID: 35189242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil is a key factor affecting the bioavailability of heavy metals, but very few studies have focused on the role of DOM in the use of soil amendments to mitigate heavy metal accumulation in crops. Here, eleven materials were added to cadmium (Cd)-contaminated paddy soil in greenhouse pot trials; rice was grown and harvested, the chemodiversity of post-harvest soil DOM was characterized using Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, and the specific associations between soil DOM traits and water-extractable soil Cd concentration were identified at the molecular level. The results showed that the endogenous release caused by altering soil pH had a greater effect on soil DOM concentration than did the exogenous chemical input due to the application of organic amendments, which in turn contributed to the chemodiversity of DOM. After one season of rice cultivation, soil DOM molecules were mainly dominated by relatively low molecular weight heteroatom-free lignins. C/N, C/H ratios of organic materials influenced DOM molecular fingerprint patterns, and soil pH and redox potential were the main driving forces affecting the chemodiversity of DOM. Furthermore, the low molecular weight, high saturation, low aromaticity, and heteroatom-free DOM molecules are more likely to dissolve Cd from the soil solid phase, thus increasing the potential risk of Cd to the environment. The results provide critical information about amendments-induced changes in DOM chemodiversity and will inform the selection of appropriate soil amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ping Du
- Technical Center for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Technical Center for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yake Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fasheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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9
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Kellogg RM, Moosburner MA, Cohen NR, Hawco NJ, McIlvin MR, Moran DM, DiTullio GR, Subhas AV, Allen AE, Saito MA. Adaptive responses of marine diatoms to zinc scarcity and ecological implications. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1995. [PMID: 35422102 PMCID: PMC9010474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractScarce dissolved surface ocean concentrations of the essential algal micronutrient zinc suggest that Zn may influence the growth of phytoplankton such as diatoms, which are major contributors to marine primary productivity. However, the specific mechanisms by which diatoms acclimate to Zn deficiency are poorly understood. Using global proteomic analysis, we identified two proteins (ZCRP-A/B, Zn/Co Responsive Protein A/B) among four diatom species that became abundant under Zn/Co limitation. Characterization using reverse genetic techniques and homology data suggests putative Zn/Co chaperone and membrane-bound transport complex component roles for ZCRP-A (a COG0523 domain protein) and ZCRP-B, respectively. Metaproteomic detection of ZCRPs along a Pacific Ocean transect revealed increased abundances at the surface (<200 m) where dZn and dCo were scarcest, implying Zn nutritional stress in marine algae is more prevalent than previously recognized. These results demonstrate multiple adaptive responses to Zn scarcity in marine diatoms that are deployed in low Zn regions of the Pacific Ocean.
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10
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Zhang G, Yang B, Shao L, Li F, Leng Y, Chen X. Differences in bioaccumulation of Ni and Zn by microalgae in the presence of fulvic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132838. [PMID: 34762892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of dissolved organic matter, the mechanism of algal bioaccumulation of different metals is complex, and its significance goes far beyond the alga-metal binary system. In the presence of 10 and 20 mg L-1 fulvic acid (FA), the maximum tolerance concentrations of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to Ni were 0.25 and 0.26 mmol L-1, and to Zn were 0.62 and 0.68 mmol L-1, respectively. Within the maximum tolerance concentration ranges, the bioaccumulation behaviors of Ni and Zn were systematically compared in the presence of FA. The presence of FA shortened the adsorption equilibrium time and decreased the maximum bioaccumulation capacity of Ni and Zn. The bioaccumulation mechanism of Ni by C. pyrenoidosa was more inclined to monolayer adsorption, while the bioaccumulation mechanism of Zn was more inclined to multilayer adsorption. More details were revealed after the bioaccumulated metals were separated into adsorption and internalization states by 0.01 M EDTA elution. The presence of FA decreased more adsorbed Zn than the adsorbed Ni, due to the different competitive roles of FA in the ternary system of Ni and Zn, but the presence of FA increased the internalized Ni might due to the stronger complexation of Ni-FA. This research indicated that algae had unique bioaccumulation mechanisms for different metals in the presence of FA, which is of great significance to accurately evaluate the ecological risk posed by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boxuan Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luze Shao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feili Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yaling Leng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Baker AR, Kanakidou M, Nenes A, Myriokefalitakis S, Croot PL, Duce RA, Gao Y, Guieu C, Ito A, Jickells TD, Mahowald NM, Middag R, Perron MMG, Sarin MM, Shelley R, Turner DR. Changing atmospheric acidity as a modulator of nutrient deposition and ocean biogeochemistry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/28/eabd8800. [PMID: 34233872 PMCID: PMC8262812 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd8800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions to the atmosphere have increased the flux of nutrients, especially nitrogen, to the ocean, but they have also altered the acidity of aerosol, cloud water, and precipitation over much of the marine atmosphere. For nitrogen, acidity-driven changes in chemical speciation result in altered partitioning between the gas and particulate phases that subsequently affect long-range transport. Other important nutrients, notably iron and phosphorus, are affected, because their soluble fractions increase upon exposure to acidic environments during atmospheric transport. These changes affect the magnitude, distribution, and deposition mode of individual nutrients supplied to the ocean, the extent to which nutrient deposition interacts with the sea surface microlayer during its passage into bulk seawater, and the relative abundances of soluble nutrients in atmospheric deposition. Atmospheric acidity change therefore affects ecosystem composition, in addition to overall marine productivity, and these effects will continue to evolve with changing anthropogenic emissions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex R Baker
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
| | - Maria Kanakidou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Center of Studies of Air quality and Climate Change, Institute for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Patras, Greece
- Excellence Chair, Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Athanasios Nenes
- Center of Studies of Air quality and Climate Change, Institute for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Processes and their Impacts (LAPI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stelios Myriokefalitakis
- Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), GR-15236 Palea Penteli, Greece
| | - Peter L Croot
- iCRAG (Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geoscience), Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert A Duce
- Departments of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, USA
| | - Cécile Guieu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Villefranche sur Mer, France
| | - Akinori Ito
- Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tim D Jickells
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Natalie M Mahowald
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA
| | - Rob Middag
- Department of Ocean Systems (OCS), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands
| | - Morgane M G Perron
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Manmohan M Sarin
- Geosciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rachel Shelley
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - David R Turner
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Shire DM, Kustka AB. Proteomic responses of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi to zinc limitation and trace metal substitution. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:819-834. [PMID: 34139058 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zinc concentrations in pelagic surface waters are within the range that limits growth in marine phytoplankton cultures. However, the influence of zinc on marine primary production and phytoplankton communities is not straightforward due to largely uncharacterized abilities for some phytoplankton to access zinc species that may not be universally bioavailable and substitute zinc with cobalt or cadmium. We used a quantitative proteomic approach to investigate these strategies and other responses to zinc limitation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, a dominant species in low zinc waters. Zinc limitation resulted in the upregulation of metal transport proteins (ZIP, TroA-like) and COG0523 metallochaperones. Some proteins were uniquely sensitive to growth under replete zinc, substitution of zinc with cobalt, or enhancement of growth with cadmium, and may be useful as biomarkers of zinc stress or substitution in situ. Several proteins specifically upregulated under cobalt-supported or cadmium-enhanced growth appear to reflect stress responses, despite titration of these metals to optimal nutritive levels. Relief from zinc limitation by zinc or cadmium resulted in increased expression of a δ-carbonic anhydrase. Our inability to detect metal binding enzymes that are specifically induced under cobalt- or cadmium-supported growth suggests cambialism is important for zinc substitution in E. huxleyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Shire
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Adam B Kustka
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
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13
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Northover GHR, Garcia-España E, Weiss DJ. Unravelling the modus operandi of phytosiderophores during zinc uptake in rice: the importance of geochemical gradients and accurate stability constants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1517-1526. [PMID: 33332561 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies threaten global food production. Attempts to biofortify crops rely on a clear understanding of micronutrient uptake processes. Zinc deficiency in rice is a serious problem. One of the pathways proposed for the transfer of zinc from soils into rice plants involves deoxymugineic acid (DMA), a phytosiderophore. The idea that phytosiderophores play a wider role in nutrition of Poaceae beyond iron is well established. However, key mechanistic details of the DMA-assisted zinc uptake pathway in rice remain uncertain. In particular, questions surround the form in which zinc from DMA is taken up [i.e. as free aqueous Zn(II) or as Zn(II)-DMA complexes] and the role of competitive behaviour of other metals with DMA. We propose that an accurate description of the effect of changes in pH, ligand concentration, and ionic strength on the stability of Zn(II)-DMA complexes in the presence of other metals in the microenvironment around root cells is critical for understanding the modus operandi of DMA during zinc uptake. To that end, we reveal the importance of geochemical changes in the microenvironment around root cells and demonstrate the effect of inaccurate stability constants on speciation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- George H R Northover
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Dominik J Weiss
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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14
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Song Y, Adediran GA, Jiang T, Hayama S, Björn E, Skyllberg U. Toward an Internally Consistent Model for Hg(II) Chemical Speciation Calculations in Bacterium-Natural Organic Matter-Low Molecular Mass Thiol Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:8094-8103. [PMID: 32491838 PMCID: PMC7467648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To advance the scientific understanding of bacteria-driven mercury (Hg) transformation processes in natural environments, thermodynamics and kinetics of divalent mercury Hg(II) chemical speciation need to be understood. Based on Hg LIII-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopic information, combined with competitive ligand exchange (CLE) experiments, we determined Hg(II) structures and thermodynamic constants for Hg(II) complexes formed with thiol functional groups in bacterial cell membranes of two extensively studied Hg(II) methylating bacteria: Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132. The Hg EXAFS data suggest that 5% of the total number of membranethiol functionalities (Mem-RStot = 380 ± 50 μmol g-1 C) are situated closely enough to be involved in a 2-coordinated Hg(Mem-RS)2 structure in Geobacter. The remaining 95% of Mem-RSH is involved in mixed-ligation Hg(II)-complexes, combining either with low molecular mass (LMM) thiols like Cys, Hg(Cys)(Mem-RS), or with neighboring O/N membrane functionalities, Hg(Mem-RSRO). We report log K values for the formation of the structures Hg(Mem-RS)2, Hg(Cys)(Mem-RS), and Hg(Mem-RSRO) to be 39.1 ± 0.2, 38.1 ± 0.1, and 25.6 ± 0.1, respectively, for Geobacter and 39.2 ± 0.2, 38.2 ± 0.1, and 25.7 ± 0.1, respectively, for ND132. Combined with results obtained from previous studies using the same methodology to determine chemical speciation of Hg(II) in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM; Suwannee River DOM) and 15 LMM thiols, an internally consistent thermodynamic data set is created, which we recommend to be used in studies of Hg transformation processes in bacterium-NOM-LMM thiol systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Department
of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish
University of Agricultural Science, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Tao Jiang
- Department
of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish
University of Agricultural Science, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Shusaku Hayama
- Diamond
Light Source, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Björn
- Department
of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department
of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish
University of Agricultural Science, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- . Phone: +46 (0)90-786 84 60
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15
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Liu F, Tan QG, Weiss D, Crémazy A, Fortin C, Campbell PGC. Unravelling Metal Speciation in the Microenvironment Surrounding Phytoplankton Cells to Improve Predictions of Metal Bioavailability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:8177-8185. [PMID: 32539359 PMCID: PMC7467636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A lack of knowledge on metal speciation in the microenvironment surrounding phytoplankton cells (i.e., the phycosphere) represents an impediment to accurately predicting metal bioavailability. Phycosphere pH and O2 concentrations from a diversity of algae species were compiled. For marine algae in the light, the average increases were 0.32 pH units and 0.17 mM O2 in the phycosphere, whereas in the dark the average decreases were 0.10 pH units and 0.03 mM O2, in comparison to bulk seawater. In freshwater algae, the phycosphere pH increased by 1.28 units, whereas O2 increased by 0.38 mM in the light. Equilibrium modeling showed that the pH alteration influenced the chemical species distribution (i.e., free ion, inorganic complexes, and organic complexes) of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sc, Sm, and Zn in the phycosphere, and the O2 fluctuation increased oxidation rates of Cu(I), Fe(II) and Mn(II) from 2 to 938-fold. The pH/O2-induced changes in phycosphere metal chemistry were larger for freshwater algae than for marine species. Reanalyses of algal metal uptake data in the literature showed that uptake of the trivalent metals (Sc, Sm and Fe), in addition to divalent metals, can be better predicted after considering the phycosphere chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Liu
- Department
of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial
College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Qiao-Guo Tan
- Key
Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education,
College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen
University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P. R. China
| | - Dominik Weiss
- Department
of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial
College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Anne Crémazy
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of New
Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut
National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Peter G. C. Campbell
- Institut
National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
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16
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Cunningham B, Torres-Duarte C, Cherr G, Adams N. Effects of three zinc-containing sunscreens on development of purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 218:105355. [PMID: 31790937 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing popularity of physical sunscreens will lead to an increased release of ingredients from zinc oxide (ZnO) sunscreens into marine environments. Though zinc (Zn) is a necessary micronutrient in the ocean, greater than natural Zn concentrations may be released into marine environments by use of sunscreens. The extent of the consequences of this addition of Zn to the ocean are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of materials released by ZnO- sunscreens on the development of California purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Embryos incubated in various concentrations of Zn (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/L), the sources of which included zinc-containing compounds: ZnO and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4); and ZnO sunscreens: All Good, Badger, and Raw Elements brands. Based on EC50 values, ZnO-containing sunscreens were slightly, but not significantly, more toxic than ZnO and ZnSO4, suggesting that sunscreens may release additional unknown materials that are detrimental to sea urchin embryo development. All concentrations of Zn-exposure resulted in significant malformations (skeletal abnormality, stage arrest, axis determination disruption), which were identified using light and fluorescence confocal microscopy. The concentration of Zn2+ internalized by the developing embryos correlated positively with the concentration of Zn in seawater. Additionally, exposure to both ZnO sunscreens and ZnO and ZnSO4 at 1 mg/L Zn, significantly increased calcein-AM (CAM) accumulation, indicating decreased multidrug resistant (MDR) transporter activity. This is one of the first studies documenting ZnO-containing sunscreens release high concentrations of Zn that are internalized by and have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Cunningham
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, United States.
| | - Cristina Torres-Duarte
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, CA, 94923, United States; CONACYT - Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C. (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, 44270, Mexico
| | - Gary Cherr
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, CA, 94923, United States; Departments of Environmental Toxicology and Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Nikki Adams
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, United States
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17
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Zhao CM, Wang WX. Biokinetics and subcellular distribution of metals in Daphnia magna following Zn exposure: Implication for metal regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:134004. [PMID: 31465922 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have addressed the effects of various physicochemical and biological factors on metal bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms, the influences of metal exposure history have drawn much less attention. In the present study, we investigated the effects of different Zn exposure regimes (concentration: 1-200 μg/L, duration: 1-7 d) on the subsequent biokinetics, metallothionien-like protein (MTLP) induction and subcellular distribution of Cd and Zn in Daphnia magna. Zn body burden increased significantly with elevated exposure concentrations, but was kept within a narrow range regardless of the 200-fold variation of Zn concentrations. Significant induction (7-14 folds) of MTLP by Zn exposure was evident, but was decoupled from the Zn body accumulation. Under different regimes of Zn exposure, Zn was evenly distributed in insoluble (cellular debris, intracellular organelles and metal-rich granules) and soluble fractions (heat sensitive protein and MTLP). However, >60% of Cd was bound with MTLP regardless of the exposure concentration and duration. The biokinetic processes including uptake from the dissolved phase, food assimilation and excretion of Cd and Zn were quantified with radioactive tracers. The uptake rate constants of Cd and Zn from the dissolved phase either remained comparable or increased following Zn pre-exposure, and the efflux of Zn increased by nearly two-fold to counteract the increased uptake from water. The dietary assimilation of Zn also decreased significantly in response to Zn exposure. However, Cd assimilation efficiency was kept relatively constant in each Zn pre-exposure regime. Our results showed that Zn exposure had significant influences on the biokinetics and physiology of daphnids. Daphnids attempted to maintain the Zn body burden within a narrow range by modification of biokinetic processes instead of subcellular distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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18
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Skrobonja A, Gojkovic Z, Soerensen AL, Westlund PO, Funk C, Björn E. Uptake Kinetics of Methylmercury in a Freshwater Alga Exposed to Methylmercury Complexes with Environmentally Relevant Thiols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13757-13766. [PMID: 31682417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular uptake of dissolved methylmercury (MeHg) by phytoplankton is the most important point of entry for MeHg into aquatic food webs. However, the process is not fully understood. In this study we investigated the influence of chemical speciation on rate constants for MeHg accumulation by the freshwater green microalga Selenastrum capricornutum. We used six MeHg-thiol complexes with moderate but important structural differences commonly found in the environment. Rate constants for MeHg interactions with cells were determined for the MeHg-thiol treatments and a control assay containing the thermodynamically less stable MeHgOH complex. We found both elevated amounts of MeHg associated with whole cells and higher MeHg association rate constants in the control compared to the thiol treatments. Furthermore, the association rate constants were lower when algae were exposed to MeHg complexes with thiols of larger size and more "branched" chemical structure compared to complexes with simpler structure. The results further demonstrated that the thermodynamic stability and chemical structure of MeHg complexes in the medium is an important controlling factor for the rate of MeHg interactions with the cell surface, but not for the MeHg exchange rate across the membrane. Our results are in line with uptake mechanisms involving formation of MeHg complexes with cell surface ligands prior to internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zivan Gojkovic
- Umeå University , Department of Chemistry , SE-901 87 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Anne L Soerensen
- Stockholm University , Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , SE-106 97 Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Christiane Funk
- Umeå University , Department of Chemistry , SE-901 87 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Erik Björn
- Umeå University , Department of Chemistry , SE-901 87 Umeå , Sweden
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19
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Li P, Zhang H, Xia M, Wang F, Zhu S, Lei W. The synergistic effect and microscopic mechanism of co-adsorption of three emerging contaminants and copper ion on gemini surfactant modified montmorillonite. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109610. [PMID: 31522058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Montmorillonite (G-Mt) modified by a gemini quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant (Propyl bis (hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium) chloride, 16-3-16) was used to remove emerging contaminants (ECs) (such as 1H-Benzotriazole (BTA), 5-Methyl-1H-benzotriazole (TTA) and 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT)) and Cu2+ from wastewater. Based on the adsorption of the above three ECs in our previous studies, single adsorption of Cu2+ and the simultaneous adsorption of three ECs with Cu2+ on G-Mt were also investigated. G-Mt showed much lower adsorption amount on Cu2+ comparing with original montmorillonite (Ca-Mt) in single adsorption system due to the difficulty of ion-exchange property of G-Mt. In co-adsorption system, three organic pollutants and Cu2+ played a synergistic effect and the adsorption capacity of G-Mt on them increased, the influence sequence of Cu2+ on the adsorption of three ECs or the effect of ECs on the adsorption of Cu2+ both followed as: TTA > BTA > HOBT. The results of FT-IR, EDS and XPS revealed that the complex of Cu2+ and ECs were adsorbed onto G-Mt via forming complexes and hydrophobic interaction in co-adsorption system. The pH experiment showed that the optimum pH of the co-adsorption of ECs and Cu2+ on G-Mt was 5. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that three ECs or ECs combining with Cu2+ were dominantly adsorbed in the interlayer space of G-Mt, which resulted in the arrangement manner of 16-3-16 between the layer of G-Mt before and after adsorption of three organic pollutants was different. Furthermore, by quantitatively analyzing electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution, average local ionization energy (ALIE) distribution and their minimum points on three ECs molecules surfaces, Multiwfn program has been applied to probe the microscopic mechanism. The synergistic effect of co-adsorption will promote enrichment of copper ions and ECs to remove them more efficiently in polluted waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China; Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Mingzhu Xia
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Sidi Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wu Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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20
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Wang WX, Tan QG. Applications of dynamic models in predicting the bioaccumulation, transport and toxicity of trace metals in aquatic organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1561-1573. [PMID: 31277025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This review evaluates the three dynamic models (biokinetic model: BK, physiologically based pharmacokinetic model: PBPK, and toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic model: TKTD) in our understanding of the key questions in metal ecotoxicology in aquatic systems, i.e., bioaccumulation, transport and toxicity. All the models rely on the first-order kinetics principle of metal uptake and elimination. The BK model basically treats organisms as a single compartment, and is both physiologically and geochemically based. With a good understanding of each kinetic parameter, bioaccumulation of metals in any aquatic organisms can be studied holistically and mechanistically. Modeling efforts are not merely restrained from the prediction of metal accumulation in the tissues, but instead provide the direction of the key processes that need to be addressed. PBPK is more physiologically based since it mainly addresses the transportation, transformation and distribution of metals in the organisms. It can be treated conceptually as a multi-compartmental kinetic model, whereas the physiology is driving the development of any good PBPK model which is no generic for aquatic animals and contaminants. There are now increasingly applications of the PBPK modeling specifically in metal studies, which reveal many important processes that are impossible to be teased out by direct experimental measurements without adequate modeling. TKTD models further focus on metal toxicity in addition to metal bioaccumulation. The TK part links exposure and bioaccumulation, while the TD part links bioaccumulation and toxic effects. The separation of TK and TD makes it possible to model processes, e.g., toxicity modification by environmental factors, interaction between different metals, at both the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic levels. TKTD models provide a framework for making full use of metal toxicity data, and thus provide more information for environmental risk assessments. Overall, the three models reviewed here will continue to provide guiding principles in our further studies of metal bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiong Wang
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| | - Qiao-Guo Tan
- Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems of Ministry of Education, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
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21
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Adediran GA, Liem-Nguyen V, Song Y, Schaefer JK, Skyllberg U, Björn E. Microbial Biosynthesis of Thiol Compounds: Implications for Speciation, Cellular Uptake, and Methylation of Hg(II). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8187-8196. [PMID: 31257868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular uptake of inorganic divalent mercury (Hg(II)) is a key step in microbial formation of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg), but the mechanisms remain largely unidentified. We show that the iron reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens produces and exports appreciable amounts of low molecular mass thiol (LMM-RSH) compounds reaching concentrations of about 100 nM in the assay medium. These compounds largely control the chemical speciation and bioavailability of Hg(II) by the formation of Hg(LMM-RS)2 complexes (primarily with cysteine) in assays without added thiols. By characterizing these effects, we show that the thermodynamic stability of Hg(II)-complexes is a principal controlling factor for Hg(II) methylation by this bacterium such that less stable complexes with mixed ligation involving LMM-RSH, OH-, and Cl- are methylated at higher rates than the more stable Hg(LMM-RS)2 complexes. The Hg(II) methylation rate across different Hg(LMM-RS)2 compounds is also influenced by the chemical structure of the complexes. In contrast to the current perception of microbial uptake of Hg, our results adhere to generalized theories for metal biouptake based on metal complexation with cell surface ligands and refine the mechanistic understanding of Hg(II) availability for microbial methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Van Liem-Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry , Umeå University , SE- 90187 Umeå , Sweden
- School of Science and Technology , Örebro University , SE-70182 Örebro , Sweden
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management , Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , SE-901 83 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Jeffra K Schaefer
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Rutgers University , 14 College Farm Road , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08901 , United States
| | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management , Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , SE-901 83 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Erik Björn
- Department of Chemistry , Umeå University , SE- 90187 Umeå , Sweden
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22
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Liu F, Tan QG, Fortin C, Campbell PGC. Why Does Cysteine Enhance Metal Uptake by Phytoplankton in Seawater but Not in Freshwater? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:6511-6519. [PMID: 31074972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight weak ligands such as cysteine have been shown to enhance metal uptake by marine phytoplankton in the presence of strong ligands, but the effect is not observed in freshwater. We hypothesized that these contrasting results might be caused by local cysteine degradation and a Ca effect on metal-ligand exchange kinetics in the boundary layer surrounding the algal cells; newly liberated free metal ions cannot be immediately complexed in seawater by Ca-bound strong ligands but can be rapidly complexed by free ligands at low-Ca levels. The present results consistently support this hypothesis. At constant bulk Cd2+ concentrations, buffered by strong ligands: (1) at 50 mM Ca, cysteine addition significantly enhanced Cd uptake in high-Ca preacclimated euryhaline Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (cultured with cysteine as a nitrogen source to enhance local Cd2+ liberation via cysteine degradation); (2) at 0.07 mM Ca, this enhancement was not observed in the algae; (3) at 50 mM Ca, the enhancement disappeared when C. reinhardtii were cultured with ammonium (to inhibit cysteine degradation and local Cd2+ liberation); (4) cysteine addition did not enhance Cd uptake by cysteine-cultured marine Thalassiosira weissflogii when the concentration of immediately reacting strong ligands was sufficient to complex local Cd2+ liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Liu
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement , Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , Québec G1K 9A9 , Canada
| | - Qiao-Guo Tan
- Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology , Xiamen University , Xiamen , Fujian 361102 , China
| | - Claude Fortin
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement , Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , Québec G1K 9A9 , Canada
| | - Peter G C Campbell
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement , Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , Québec G1K 9A9 , Canada
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23
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Li J, Liu Y, Zuo R, Teng Y, Ai Y, Yang J. Influences of dissolved humic acid on Zn bioavailability and its consequences for thyroid toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:132-137. [PMID: 30265876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dissolved humic acid (dHA) on Zn bioavailability and the subsequent influence on the Zn-induced thyroid toxicity. Zn toxicity was assessed using a yeast bioassay in the presence and absence of dHA. With increasing concentration of dHA, the toxic effects decreased, and the free Zn concentrations detected by the anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) method also decreased. The high correlation (R = 0.92, p < 0.001) between toxic effects and free Zn concentrations indicated that Zn thyroid toxicity largely comes from the free Zn fraction. Water samples from the Qing River in Beijing were also assayed for thyroid toxicity. The results revealed that the metals might contribute to the toxicity. The known thyroid hormone-disrupting metals, namely, Zn, Cd and Hg, were analyzed. The cause-effect relationship between the observed thyroid toxicity and free Zn concentrations as well as their dose-effect relationships were examined. Our results showed that Zn might be the major contributor to the observed thyroid toxicity caused by metals. These results suggest that the ASV method and the identified major contributor (Zn) may be used in lieu of conventional environmental analyses to follow the progression of a risk assessment or remediation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yang Ai
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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24
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Yang G, Wilkinson KJ. Biouptake of a rare earth metal (Nd) by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - Bioavailability of small organic complexes and role of hardness ions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:263-269. [PMID: 30189390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, was used to verify whether a simple Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) could be used to predict carefully controlled short-term biouptake for the lanthanide, Nd. In the absence of ligands or competitors, Nd biouptake was well described by a Michaelis-Menten equation with an affinity constant, KNd, of 106.8 M-1 and a maximum internalization flux of Jmax = 1.70 × 10-14 mol cm-2 s-1. For bi-metal mixtures containing Nd and Ca, Mg, Sm or Eu, Nd uptake could also be well modelled by assigning experimentally determined affinity constants of KCa = 102.6 M-1, KMg = 103.4 M-1, KSm = 106.5 M-1 and KEu = 106.5 M-1. The similar values of Km and Jmax for the three rare earth elements (REEs): Sm, Eu and Nd is consistent with them sharing a common metal uptake site. On the other hand, in the presence of the small organic ligands (citric or malic acid), neither, free or total Nd concentrations could be used to quantitatively predict Nd internalization fluxes. In other words, in order to predict biouptake by simple BLM determinations, it was necessary to consider that the Nd complexes were bioavailable. The data strongly suggest that risk evaluations of the REE will require a new paradigm and new tools for evaluating bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan City, Hebei province, 056038, China; Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Kevin J Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Environmental Chemistry Group, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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25
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Lomora M, Shumate D, Rahman AA, Pandit A. Therapeutic Applications of Phytoplankton, with an Emphasis on Diatoms and Coccolithophores. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Lomora
- SFI Centre For Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM); National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
| | - David Shumate
- SFI Centre For Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM); National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
- Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Asrizal Abdul Rahman
- SFI Centre For Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM); National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- SFI Centre For Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM); National University of Ireland; Galway Ireland
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26
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Liu F, Fortin C, Campbell PGC. Chemical Conditions in the Boundary Layer Surrounding Phytoplankton Cells Modify Cadmium Bioavailability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7988-7995. [PMID: 29883120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study we tested the hypothesis that metal uptake by unicellular algae may be affected by changes in metal speciation in the boundary layer surrounding the algal cells. The freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was preacclimated to different N nutrition regimes; changes in N nutrition are known to change the nature of extracellular metabolites (e.g., reactive oxygen species "ROS", and OH-) and thus boundary layer chemical conditions. Specifically, at a constant bulk free Cd2+ concentration, Cd uptake by N-starved algae in cysteine-buffered solution was significantly higher than that in NTA-buffered solution. This enhancement was likely due to an increase of the free Cd2+ concentration in the boundary layer, resulting from localized cysteine oxidation by ROS released from these algae. On the other hand, Cd uptake was markedly lower when the free Cd2+ concentration near cell surface decreased as a result of an increase in the boundary layer pH of nitrate-acclimated algae or enhanced localized metal complexation. The results imply that redox, acid-base and metal complexation processes in the boundary layer differ from those in bulk water, even under chemically stable bulk conditions, and the boundary layer effect may well be of significance to phytoplankton acquisition of other trace metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Liu
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490 de la Couronne , Québec , (Québec) Canada G1K 9A9
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490 de la Couronne , Québec , (Québec) Canada G1K 9A9
| | - Peter G C Campbell
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490 de la Couronne , Québec , (Québec) Canada G1K 9A9
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Xing Y, Meng X, Wang L, Zhang J, Wu Z, Gong X, Wang C, Sun H. Effects of benzotriazole on copper accumulation and toxicity in earthworm (Eisenia fetida). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 351:330-336. [PMID: 29554530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Triazole contaminants in water and soil environments can form complexes with metal ions, and therefore affect the bioavailability and toxicity of some heavy metals. In present study, significant increase of copper (Cu) uptake by earthworm (Eisenia fetida) was observed when combined pollution of benzotriazole (BTR) presented in soil. For instance, Cu accumulation in earthworms increased 55% approximately when BTR presented at the BTR/Cu molar ratio of 1:2.5. While the single Cu exposure (at 32 mg kg-1 in soil) resulted in increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in earthworms from 0.319 to 0.668 nmol mg protein-1, joint exposure to BTR at BTR/Cu molar ratio of 1:10 significantly decreased the MDA content to 0.405 nmol mg protein-1. This indicates a potential detoxification effect of BTR to Cu induced oxidative damage in earthworms. Varied Cu subcellular distribution can be observed in earthworms of the single and combined exposure treatments. With the combined exposure of BTR, the proportion of Cu associated with granular fraction, the toxically inert fraction in earthworms, increased from 25% to 39%. This phenomenon can be used to explain the protective effects of BTR against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuai Xing
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zijing Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinying Gong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenye Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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28
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Huang XG, Li SX, Liu FJ, Lan WR. Regulated effects of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu exudate on nickel bioavailability when cultured with different nitrogen sources. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:57-64. [PMID: 29331719 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exudates by marine phytoplankton and metals coexist in the seawater, but little is known about their interaction. In this study, cultures of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu were grown in urea and ammonium, and then exposed to different Ni ion levels in order to study the effects of Ni ions on algal growth. The regulatory mechanisms of P. donghaiense Lu for coping with different Ni ion levels was investigating by characterizing dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbohydrate and protein content released per cell, hydropathy properties (hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions) and thiol compounds (cysteine-like or glutathione-like). Lower levels of Ni ions (pNi>10.0) significantly promoted the growth of P. donghaiense Lu when incubated in urea; however, the same was not true for P. donghaiense Lu cultivated in ammonium. An increased presence of hydrophobic fractions and thiol compounds (cysteine-like or glutathione-like compounds) induced by low Ni ions (pNi>10.0) in urea cultures suggest that the activation of cellular mechanisms in response to insufficient Ni ion stress enhances Ni bioavailability. Furthermore, the abundance of carbohydrates and proteins released by cells when exposed to higher Ni ions levels (from pNi = 10.0 to pNi = 8.0) both in urea and ammonium cultures suggests that algal cells may utilize exudate to complex Ni cations and reduce their toxicity. Therefore, it can be speculated that phytoplankton can produce large amounts of specific exudate, which may accelerate the metal bioavailability (insufficient levels) and reduce metal toxicity (excess levels) to maintain an equilibrium with metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Guang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China.
| | - Shun-Xing Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wang-Rong Lan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
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29
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Chu C, Stamatelatos D, McNeill K. Aquatic indirect photochemical transformations of natural peptidic thiols: impact of thiol properties, solution pH, solution salinity and metal ions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:1518-1527. [PMID: 29090717 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural peptidic thiols play numerous important roles in aquatic systems. While thiols are known to be susceptible to sensitized photoreaction, the photochemical transformation of thiols in surface waters remains largely unknown. This study systematically assessed the photochemical transformation of naturally occurring thiols, including arginylcysteine (RC), γ-glutamylcysteine (γEC), glutathione (GSH), and phytochelatin (PC) in solutions containing dissolved organic matter (DOM). The results show that all thiols underwent rapid indirect photochemical transformation. The transformation rates of thiols were highly pH-dependent and increased with increasing solution pH. γEC and GSH show lower transformation rates than free Cys, which was ascribed to their higher thiol pKa values. In comparison, PC and RC show much higher transformation rates than γEC and GSH, due to more reactive thiol groups contained in the PC molecule and sorption of RC to DOM macromolecules, respectively. While all investigated pathways contributed to thiol transformation, hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation dominated at low solution pH and singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation dominated at high solution pH in the DOM-sensitized phototransformations of γEC, GSH, and PC. Furthermore, the effects of metal complexation and solution salinity on thiol transformation rates were examined. Thiol reactivity was not affected by Fe3+ and Ag+, slightly enhanced in the presence of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+, and significantly enhanced by Cu2+. Additionally, enhanced thiol transformation rates were observed in solutions with high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiheng Chu
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dimitrios Stamatelatos
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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30
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Liu Z, Wang L, Wang C, Sun S, Qin L, An Y, Xing Y, Sun H. Effect of corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole on the uptake and translocation of Cd in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different exposure conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:24-30. [PMID: 28763635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants that can complex with heavy metals might affect the speciation of coexisting metals and result in different ecological risks. As a widely used metal corrosion inhibitor, 1H-benzotriazole (BTR) is frequently detected in the environments, sometimes at very high levels. In this study, rice (Oryza sativa L.) was used to assess the ecological risk of combined exposure to cadmium (Cd) and BTR in plants and discuss the potential effects of exposure sequence on the uptake and translocation of Cd under hydroponic culture. In the combined exposure treatments, Cd concentration in rice significantly decreased when the molar ratio of BTR to Cd exceeded 1, while the oxidative damage of root was alleviated. In the sequential exposure treatments, an exposure to BTR accelerated the release of preabsorbed Cd from seedlings to the environment and increased the transport of Cd from the roots to shoots at high BTR concentrations. This demonstrates that the combined pollution effect of Cd and BTR is present not only in the environment but also in plants. With the decrease in Cd concentration in the roots, the electrolytic leakages from the roots also decreased, indicating that root damage repair was induced by the subsequent BTR exposure. BTR was mainly accumulated in the seedling roots. Preabsorbed BTR significantly increased Cd concentration in the roots of rice seedlings but inhibited Cd translocation from the roots to shoots of the rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chenye Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Li Qin
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yi An
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yanshuai Xing
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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31
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Ni L, Su L, Li S, Wang P, Li D, Ye X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Y, Wang C. The characterization of dissolved organic matter extracted from different sources and their influence on cadmium uptake by Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1856-1863. [PMID: 28042892 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the uptake of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) by Microcystis aeruginosa in the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from different origins. The DOM used in the present study were extracted from soil, sediment taken from Meiliang Bay at Taihu Lake, and from M. aeruginosa cultured in the laboratory. The 3 different DOM samples were characterized using ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize the interactions of DOM with Cd2+ . The results showed that all types of DOM extracted from the 3 sources in the present study exhibited aliphatic and aromatic characteristics and contained hydroxyls, carbonyls, phenols, carboxyls, carbohydrates, amines, and ethers. Humic acids and fulvic acids proved to be the major components of DOM. The sediment DOM had the highest degrees of aromatization and humification among the samples. The results also showed that sediment and soil DOM samples had lower molecular weights than M. aeruginosa DOM. The DOM could react with Cd2+ by complexing to alter Cd speciation. When exposed to Cd, EEM fluorescence intensities of all 3 DOM types had a significant decrease, and the intracellular Cd content improved with increasing Cd concentrations. The addition of DOM greatly enhanced Cd uptake by M. aeruginosa compared with the control group. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1856-1863. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Su
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Anhui Lvtong Engineering Design Consulting, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Anhui Urban Construction Design & Research Institute, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Kim JM, Baars O, Morel FMM. The effect of acidification on the bioavailability and electrochemical lability of zinc in seawater. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0296. [PMID: 29035261 PMCID: PMC5069531 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A poorly studied but potentially important consequence of the CO2-induced acidification of the surface ocean is a possible change in the bioavailability of trace metals, which play a critical role in the productivity and population dynamics of marine ecosystems. We report laboratory and field experiments designed to compare quantitatively the effects of acidification on the bioavailability of Zn, a metal essential to the growth of phytoplankton and on the extent of its complexation by model and natural ligands. We observed a good correspondence between the effects of pH on the rate of Zn uptake by a model diatom and the chemical lability of Zn measured by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). In model laboratory systems, the chemical lability and the bioavailability of Zn could either increase or decrease at low pH depending on the mix of complexing ligands. In a sample of coastal surface water, we observed similar increases in the ASV-labile and bioavailable Zn concentrations upon acidification, a result contrary to previous observations. These results, which can likely be generalized to other bioactive trace metals, mutatis mutandis, demonstrate the intricacy of the effects of ocean acidification on the chemistry and the ecology of surface seawater.This article is part of the themed issue 'Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Myung Kim
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Oliver Baars
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - François M M Morel
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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33
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Sánchez-Marín P, Aierbe E, Lorenzo JI, Mubiana VK, Beiras R, Blust R. Dynamic modeling of copper bioaccumulation by Mytilus edulis in the presence of humic acid aggregates. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 178:165-170. [PMID: 27498364 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) complexation by humic acids (HA) is expected to decrease Cu bioavailability for aquatic organisms as predicted by metal bioavailability models, such as the biotic ligand model (BLM). This has been confirmed for non-feeding organisms such as marine invertebrate embryos or microalgae, but for filter-feeding organisms such as the mussel Mytilus edulis, Cu bioaccumulation was higher in the presence of HA, suggesting that part of the Cu-HA complexes were available for uptake. This study shows the dynamic modeling of Cu accumulation kinetics in the gills and rest of the soft-body of M. edulis in the absence and presence of HA. Assuming that truly dissolved Cu is taken in the body via the gills following BLM premises, and including uptake of Cu-HA aggregates via the gut into the rest compartment, this two-compartmental model could successfully explain the observed bioaccumulation data. This modeling approach gives strong evidence to the hypothesis that Cu-HA aggregates can be ingested by mussels leading to Cu absorption in the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sánchez-Marín
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; ECIMAT, University of Vigo, Illa de Toralla, 36331 Coruxo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Eneko Aierbe
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Lorenzo
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Valentine K Mubiana
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain; ECIMAT, University of Vigo, Illa de Toralla, 36331 Coruxo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Ronny Blust
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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34
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Chu C, Erickson PR, Lundeen RA, Stamatelatos D, Alaimo PJ, Latch DE, McNeill K. Photochemical and Nonphotochemical Transformations of Cysteine with Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6363-6373. [PMID: 27172378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine (Cys) plays numerous key roles in the biogeochemistry of natural waters. Despite its importance, a full assessment of Cys abiotic transformation kinetics, products and pathways under environmental conditions has not been conducted. This study is a mechanistic evaluation of the photochemical and nonphotochemical (dark) transformations of Cys in solutions containing chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The results show that Cys underwent abiotic transformations under both dark and irradiated conditions. Under dark conditions, the transformation rates of Cys were moderate and were highly pH- and temperature-dependent. Under UVA or natural sunlight irradiations, Cys transformation rates were enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude compared to rates under dark conditions. Product analysis indicated cystine and cysteine sulfinic acid were the major photooxidation products. In addition, this study provides an assessment of the contributions of singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and triplet dissolved organic matter to the CDOM-sensitized photochemical oxidation of Cys. The results suggest that another unknown pathway was dominant in the CDOM-sensitized photodegradation of Cys, which will require further study to identify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiheng Chu
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul R Erickson
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel A Lundeen
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios Stamatelatos
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Alaimo
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University , Seattle, Washington 98122, United States
| | - Douglas E Latch
- Department of Chemistry, Seattle University , Seattle, Washington 98122, United States
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Sosa GL, Zalts A, Ramírez SA. Complexing capacity of electroplating rinsing baths—a twist to the resolution of two ligand families of similar strength. J Anal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-016-0088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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36
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Santomauro G, Sun WL, Brümmer F, Bill J. Incorporation of zinc into the coccoliths of the microalga Emiliania huxleyi. Biometals 2016; 29:225-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Vukosav P, Mlakar M, Selmani A, BregoviĿ N, GašparoviĿ B. Electroanalytical characterization of Zn (II) complexes with D-mannosamine and Glycine in aqueous solutions. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Walsh MJ, Goodnow SD, Vezeau GE, Richter LV, Ahner BA. Cysteine Enhances Bioavailability of Copper to Marine Phytoplankton. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:12145-12152. [PMID: 26420592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Emiliania huxleyi, a ubiquitous marine algae, was cultured under replete and Cu-limiting conditions to investigate Cu uptake strategies involving thiols and associated redox reactions; comparisons to a model diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, were also drawn. Cu-limitation increased rates of cell surface reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) in E. huxleyi but not in T. pseudonana. Furthermore, Cu-limited E. huxleyi cells took up more Cu when cysteine was present compared to when no ligand was added, although a dependence on cysteine concentration was not observed. In contrast, Cu uptake by replete cells was dependent upon the relative abundance of inorganic species [Cu(I)']. We also show that cysteine can increase the bioavailability of Cu to Cu-limited cells, of both species, through the reductive release of Cu(I) from fairly strong Cu(II) ligands such as EDTA. Finally, support for a mechanism involving uptake of a Cys-Cu complex in E. huxleyi is drawn from the observation that Cu-limitation significantly enhances cysteine uptake by transporters that exhibit Michaelis-Menten kinetics. These Cu uptake strategies help explain the presence and distribution of dissolved thiols in surface seawater and have implications for the biogeochemical cycling of Cu in low Cu environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Walsh
- Cornell University , Biological & Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853-5701, United States
| | - Sarah D Goodnow
- Cornell University , Biological & Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853-5701, United States
| | - Grace E Vezeau
- Cornell University , Biological & Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853-5701, United States
| | - Lubna V Richter
- Cornell University , Biological & Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853-5701, United States
| | - Beth A Ahner
- Cornell University , Biological & Environmental Engineering, Ithaca, New York 14853-5701, United States
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Kim JM, Baars O, Morel FMM. Bioavailability and Electroreactivity of Zinc Complexed to Strong and Weak Organic Ligands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10894-10902. [PMID: 26252068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory experiments have established the importance of complexation by organic ligands in determining the bioavailability of trace metals to marine phytoplankton, while electrochemical measurements with field samples have demonstrated that a large fraction of bioactive trace metals are complexed to strong organic ligands in seawater. Using the model organic ligands, EDTA and histidine, we show a quantitative correspondence between the bioavailability of Zn to the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii, and its reduction at -1.2 V (vs Ag/AgCl) on a hanging mercury drop electrode. Equilibrium calculations and polarographic data indicate that Zn bound in inorganic complexes and the 1:1 Zn-histidine complex, but not in the 1:2 Zn-histidine complex or the Zn-EDTA complexes, is taken up by the organism and reduced at the electrode surface, confirming a previous report of the bioavailability of weak Zn complexes. Electrochemical measurements of Zn speciation in seawater do not generally reveal the presence of weak (and potentially bioavailable) complexes; but such measurements (particularly by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry) should nonetheless often provide good estimates of the bioavailable Zn concentrations. These results can likely be generalized to other bioactive divalent trace metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Myung Kim
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Oliver Baars
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - François M M Morel
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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40
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Iron bioavailability to phytoplankton: an empirical approach. ISME JOURNAL 2015; 9:1003-13. [PMID: 25350155 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Phytoplankton are often limited by iron in aquatic environments. Here we examine Fe bioavailability to phytoplankton by analyzing iron uptake from various Fe substrates by several species of phytoplankton grown under conditions of Fe limitation and comparing the measured uptake rate constants (Fe uptake rate/ substrate concentration). When unchelated iron, Fe', buffered by an excess of the chelating agent EDTA is used as the Fe substrate, the uptake rate constants of all the eukaryotic phytoplankton species are tightly correlated and proportional to their respective surface areas (S.A.). The same is true when FeDFB is the substrate, but the corresponding uptake constants are one thousand times smaller than for Fe'. The uptake rate constants for the other substrates we examined fall mostly between the values for Fe' and FeDFB for the same S.A. These two model substrates thus empirically define a bioavailability envelope with Fe' at the upper and FeDFB at the lower limit of iron bioavailability. This envelope provides a convenient framework to compare the relative bioavailabilities of various Fe substrates to eukaryotic phytoplankton and the Fe uptake abilities of different phytoplankton species. Compared with eukaryotic species, cyanobacteria have similar uptake constants for Fe' but lower ones for FeDFB. The unique relationship between the uptake rate constants and the S.A. of phytoplankton species suggests that the uptake rate constant of Fe-limited phytoplankton has reached a universal upper limit and provides insight into the underlying uptake mechanism.
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41
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Zhao CM, Wilkinson KJ. Biotic ligand model does not predict the bioavailability of rare Earth elements in the presence of organic ligands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2207-14. [PMID: 25611881 DOI: 10.1021/es505443s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to their distinct physicochemical properties, rare earth elements (REEs) are critical to high-tech and clean-energy industries; however, their bioavailability is still largely unexplored. In this paper, the bioavailability of several REEs has been carefully examined for the freshwater alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In the presence of organic ligands (L), the biouptake of REEs was much higher than that predicted by the biotic ligand model (BLM). Enhancement of the biouptake flux was observed for six ligands (metal = thulium) and six REEs (ligand = citric acid), indicating that this could be a common feature for these metals. In order to explore the mechanism for the enhanced uptake, Tm internalization was carefully evaluated. The Tm internalization flux (Jint) followed first-order (Michaelis-Menten) kinetics with a calculated maximum internalization flux (Jmax) of (1.1 ± 0.08) × 10(-14) mol · cm(-2) · s(-1) and an affinity constant for the reaction of the metal with the transport sites (KTm-R) of 10(7.1) M(-1). In the presence of citric acid, malic acid, or NTA, the Jint for Tm was more than 1 order of magnitude higher than that predicted by the BLM when algae were exposed to a constant 10(-9) M Tm(3+). The bioavailability of the metal complexes could not be explained by a piggyback internalization (through an anion channel) or the contribution of labile complexes. The enhanced biouptake was attributed to the formation of a ternary Tm complex {L-Tm-R} at the metal transport site. In the natural environment where organic ligands are ubiquitous, classic models are unlikely to predict the bioavailability of REEs to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Zhao
- Biophysical Environmental Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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42
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Erickson III DJ, Sulzberger B, Zepp RG, Austin AT. Effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, solar UV radiation, and climate change on biogeochemical cycling: interactions and feedbacks. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:127-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp90036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar UV radiation and climate change interact to influence and determine the environmental conditions for humans on planet Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Erickson III
- Computational Earth Sciences Group Computer Science and Mathematics Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- MS 6016 Oak Ridge TN 37831-6016
- USA
| | - Barbara Sulzberger
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
- CH-8600 Duebendorf
- Switzerland
| | - Richard G. Zepp
- United States Environmental Protection Agency
- Georgia 30605-2700
- USA
| | - Amy T. Austin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
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43
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Sordet C, Contreras-Porcia L, Lovazzano C, Goulitquer S, Andrade S, Potin P, Correa JA. Physiological plasticity of Dictyota kunthii (Phaeophyceae) to copper excess. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 150:220-8. [PMID: 24704518 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The brown alga Dictyota kunthii is one of the dominant species in the coastal areas of northern Chile affected by copper enrichment due to accumulated mining wastes. To assess its physiological plasticity in handling copper-mediated oxidative stress, 4-days copper exposure (ca. 100 μg/L) experiments were conducted with individuals from a copper impacted area and compared with the responses of plants from a non-impacted site. Several biochemical parameters were then evaluated and compared between populations. Results showed that individuals from the copper-impacted population normally displayed higher levels of copper content and antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (AP), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and peroxiredoxins (PRX)). After copper exposure, antioxidant enzyme activity increased significantly in plants from the two selected sites. In addition, we found that copper-mediated oxidative stress was associated with a reduction of glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Moreover, metabolic profiling of extracellular metabolites from both populations showed a significant change after plants were exposed to copper excess in comparison with controls, strongly suggesting a copper-induced release of metabolites. The copper-binding capacity of those exudates was determined by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and revealed an increased ligand capacity of the medium with plants exposed to copper excess. Results indicated that D. kunthii, regardless their origin, counteracts copper excess by various mechanisms, including metal accumulation, activation of CAT, AP, DHAR, GP and PRX, and an induced release of Cu binding compounds. Thus, plasticity in copper tolerance in D. kunthii seems constitutive, and the occurrence of a copper-tolerant ecotype seems unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sordet
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Santiago, Chile.
| | - L Contreras-Porcia
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, República 470, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Lovazzano
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, República 470, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Goulitquer
- Plate-forme MetaboMER, CNRS & UPMC, FR2424, Station Biologique, 29688 Roscoff, France
| | - S Andrade
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Potin
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, UMR 7139 CNRS, Marine Plants and Biomolecules, Station Biologique, 29688 Roscoff, France
| | - J A Correa
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Santiago, Chile
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44
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Schaefer JK, Szczuka A, Morel FMM. Effect of divalent metals on Hg(II) uptake and methylation by bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3007-13. [PMID: 24512453 DOI: 10.1021/es405215v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of methylmercury by some bacteria is a key first step in the accumulation and biomagnification of this toxic substance in aquatic food webs, a major human health concern. By direct measurement of cellular Hg(II) uptake in model iron and sulfate reducing bacteria, we have observed that specific trace metals, such as Zn(II) and Cd(II), inhibit uptake and methylation in these organisms, whereas other metals, such as Ni(II), Co(II), or Fe(II), do not. The inhibition of Hg(II) methylation by Zn(II) was competitive in nature and related to the concentration of inorganically complexed Zn(II) (Zn'). The inhibition of Hg(II) methylation was alleviated by decreasing the free Zn' concentration through complexation with nitrilotriacetic acid without altering the speciation of Hg(II). The inhibitory effect by Zn(II) was observed when either Hg-cysteine complexes or neutral HgCl2 dominated the speciation of Hg(II), demonstrating that both charged and neutral species are transported into the cytosol by an active rather than passive process. We propose that Hg(II) uptake is the result of its accidental uptake by metal transporter(s), possibly one effecting the transport of Zn(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffra K Schaefer
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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45
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Barnett JP, Scanlan DJ, Blindauer CA. Identification of major zinc-binding proteins from a marine cyanobacterium: insight into metal uptake in oligotrophic environments. Metallomics 2014; 6:1254-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The open ocean cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. WH8102 thrives at extremely low zinc concentrations. Metalloproteomics experiments have identified an outer-membrane bound porin with zinc-binding ability that is upregulated at low zinc levels, suggesting a role for porins in highly efficient zinc uptake.
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46
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Gramlich A, Tandy S, Frossard E, Eikenberg J, Schulin R. Availability of zinc and the ligands citrate and histidine to wheat: does uptake of entire complexes play a role? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10409-10417. [PMID: 24147770 DOI: 10.1021/jf401117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic ligands in soils affect the availability of trace metals such as Zn to plants. This study investigated the effects of two of these ligands, citrate and histidine, on Zn uptake by wheat under hydroponic conditions. Uptake of (65)Zn in the presence of these ligands was compared to uptake in the presence of EDTA at the same free Zn concentration (Zn(2+) ~ 50 nM). In the presence of citrate Zn root uptake was enhanced ~3.5 times and in the presence of histidine, by a factor of ~9, compared to the EDTA treatments. Citrate uptake was slightly reduced in the treatment containing ligands and Zn compared to the treatment containing the same ligand concentration but no Zn. In addition, a higher uptake of Zn than of citrate was observed. This suggests that the enhanced Zn uptake was primarily due to increased supply of Zn(2+) by diffusion and dissociation of Zn-citrate complexes at the root surface. Histidine uptake was much higher than citrate uptake and not influenced by the presence of Zn. As histidine forms stronger complexes with Zn than citrate, the results suggest that the enhancement of Zn uptake in the presence of histidine was in part due to the uptake of undissociated Zn-histidine complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Gramlich
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems and ‡Institute for Plant, Animal and Agroecosystems Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Robbins LJ, Lalonde SV, Saito MA, Planavsky NJ, Mloszewska AM, Pecoits E, Scott C, Dupont CL, Kappler A, Konhauser KO. Authigenic iron oxide proxies for marine zinc over geological time and implications for eukaryotic metallome evolution. GEOBIOLOGY 2013; 11:295-306. [PMID: 23601652 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Here, we explore enrichments in paleomarine Zn as recorded by authigenic iron oxides including Precambrian iron formations, ironstones, and Phanerozoic hydrothermal exhalites. This compilation of new and literature-based iron formation analyses track dissolved Zn abundances and constrain the magnitude of the marine reservoir over geological time. Overall, the iron formation record is characterized by a fairly static range in Zn/Fe ratios throughout the Precambrian, consistent with the shale record (Scott et al., 2013, Nature Geoscience, 6, 125-128). When hypothetical partitioning scenarios are applied to this record, paleomarine Zn concentrations within about an order of magnitude of modern are indicated. We couple this examination with new chemical speciation models to interpret the iron formation record. We present two scenarios: first, under all but the most sulfidic conditions and with Zn-binding organic ligand concentrations similar to modern oceans, the amount of bioavailable Zn remained relatively unchanged through time. Late proliferation of Zn in eukaryotic metallomes has previously been linked to marine Zn biolimitation, but under this scenario the expansion in eukaryotic Zn metallomes may be better linked to biologically intrinsic evolutionary factors. In this case, zinc's geochemical and biological evolution may be decoupled and viewed as a function of increasing need for genome regulation and diversification of Zn-binding transcription factors. In the second scenario, we consider Archean organic ligand complexation in such excess that it may render Zn bioavailability low. However, this is dependent on Zn-organic ligand complexes not being bioavailable, which remains unclear. In this case, although bioavailability may be low, sphalerite precipitation is prevented, thereby maintaining a constant Zn inventory throughout both ferruginous and euxinic conditions. These results provide new perspectives and constraints on potential couplings between the trajectory of biological and marine geochemical coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Robbins
- Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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48
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Li W, Wang Y, Collett JL, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wang W. Microscopic evaluation of trace metals in cloud droplets in an acid precipitation region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:4172-4180. [PMID: 23586904 DOI: 10.1021/es304779t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mass concentrations of soluble trace metals and size, number, and mixing properties of nanometal particles in clouds determine their toxicity to ecosystems. Cloud water was found to be acidic, with a pH of 3.52, at Mt. Lu (elevation 1,165 m) in an acid precipitation region in South China. A combination of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for the first time demonstrates that the soluble metal concentrations and solid metal particle number are surprisingly high in acid clouds at Mt. Lu, where daily concentrations of SO2, NO2, and PM10 are 18 μg m(-3), 7 μg m(-3), and 22 μg m(-3). The soluble metals in cloudwater with the highest concentrations were zinc (Zn, 200 μg L(-1)), iron (Fe, 88 μg L(-1)), and lead (Pb, 77 μg L(-1)). TEM reveals that 76% of cloud residues include metal particles that range from 50 nm to 1 μm diameter with a median diameter of 250 nm. Four major metal-associated particle types are Pb-rich (35%), fly ash (27%), Fe-rich (23%), and Zn-rich (15%). Elemental mapping shows that minor soluble metals are distributed within sulfates of cloud residues. Emissions of fine metal particles from large, nonferrous industries and coal-fired power plants with tall stacks were transported upward to this high elevation. Our results suggest that the abundant trace metals in clouds aggravate the impacts of acid clouds or associated precipitation on the ecosystem and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
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