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Salazar Marcano DE, Lentink S, Chen JJ, Anyushin AV, Moussawi MA, Bustos J, Van Meerbeek B, Nyman M, Parac-Vogt TN. Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Proteins Promoted by Hybrid Polyoxometalates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2312009. [PMID: 38213017 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the formation of supramolecular protein assemblies and endowing them with new properties that can lead to novel functional materials is an important but challenging task. In this work, a new hybrid polyoxometalate is designed to induce controlled intermolecular bridging between biotin-binding proteins. Such bridging interactions lead to the formation of supramolecular protein assemblies incorporating metal-oxo clusters that go from several nanometers in diameter up to the micron range. Insights into the self-assembly process and the nature of the resulting biohybrid materials are obtained by a combination of Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), along with fluorescence, UV-vis, and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The formation of hybrid supramolecular assemblies is determined to be driven by biotin binding to the protein and electrostatic interactions between the anionic metal-oxo cluster and the protein, both of which also influence the stability of the resulting assemblies. As a result, the rate of formation, size, and stability of the supramolecular assemblies can be tuned by controlling the electrostatic interactions between the cluster and the protein (e.g., through varying the ionic strength of the solution), thereby paving the way toward biomaterials with tunable assembly and disassembly properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Lentink
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Jieh-Jang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | | | - Mhamad Aly Moussawi
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Jenna Bustos
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven, Dentistry, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - May Nyman
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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2
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Liutkus M, Sasselli IR, Rojas AL, Cortajarena AL. Diverse crystalline protein scaffolds through metal-dependent polymorphism. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4971. [PMID: 38591647 PMCID: PMC11002994 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
As protein crystals are increasingly finding diverse applications as scaffolds, controlled crystal polymorphism presents a facile strategy to form crystalline assemblies with controllable porosity with minimal to no protein engineering. Polymorphs of consensus tetratricopeptide repeat proteins with varying porosity were obtained through co-crystallization with metal salts, exploiting the innate metal ion geometric requirements. A single structurally exposed negative amino acid cluster was responsible for metal coordination, despite the abundance of negatively charged residues. Density functional theory calculations showed that while most of the crystals were the most thermodynamically stable assemblies, some were kinetically trapped states. Thus, crystalline porosity diversity is achieved and controlled with metal coordination, opening a new scope in the application of proteins as biocompatible protein-metal-organic frameworks (POFs). In addition, metal-dependent polymorphic crystals allow direct comparison of metal coordination preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Liutkus
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology AllianceSan SebastianSpain
| | - Ivan R. Sasselli
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology AllianceSan SebastianSpain
- Present address:
Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM)CSIC‐UPV/EHUSan SebastiánSpain
| | - Adriana L. Rojas
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE)Basque Research and Technology AllianceBilbaoSpain
| | - Aitziber L. Cortajarena
- Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology AllianceSan SebastianSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
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3
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Ham SH, Han MJ, Kim M. Chiral Materials for Optics and Electronics: Ready to Rise? MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:528. [PMID: 38675339 PMCID: PMC11052036 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Chiral materials have gained burgeoning interest in optics and electronics, beyond their classical application field of drug synthesis. In this review, we summarize the diverse chiral materials developed to date and how they have been effectively applied to optics and electronics to get an understanding and vision for the further development of chiral materials for advanced optics and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyeon Ham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea;
| | - Moon Jong Han
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea;
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4
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Xia X, Li H, Zang J, Cheng S, Du M. Advancements of the Molecular Directed Design and Structure-Activity Relationship of Ferritin Nanocage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7629-7654. [PMID: 38518374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Ferritin nanocages possess remarkable structural properties and biological functions, making them highly attractive for applications in functional materials and biomedicine. This comprehensive review presents an overview of the molecular characteristics, extraction and identification of ferritin, ferritin receptors, as well as the advancements in the directional design of high-order assemblies of ferritin and the applications based on its unique structural properties. Specifically, this Review focuses on the regulation of ferritin assembly from one to three dimensions, leveraging the symmetry of ferritin and modifications on key interfaces. Furthermore, it discusses targeted delivery of nutrition and drugs through facile loading and functional modification of ferritin. The aim of this Review is to inspire the design of micro/nano functional materials using ferritin and the development of nanodelivery vehicles for nutritional fortification and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xia
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Han Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuzhen Cheng
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ming Du
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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5
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Liu Q, Wang L, Su Y, Dong W, Wang H, Liu Y, Liu H, Liu L, Wang Y. Ultrahigh Enzyme Loading Metal-Organic Frameworks for Deep Tissue Pancreatic Cancer Photoimmunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305131. [PMID: 37875640 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein drugs hold promise in treating multiple complex diseases, including cancer. The priority of protein drug application is precise delivery of substantial bioactive protein into tumor site. Metal-organic-framework (MOF) is widely considered as a promising carrier to encapsulate protein drug owing to the noncovalent interaction between carrier and protein. However, limited loading efficiency and potential toxicity of metal ion in MOF restrict its application in clinical research. Herein, a tumor targeted collagenase-encapsulating MOF via protein-metal ion-organic ligand coordination (PMOCol ) for refining deep tissue pancreatic cancer photoimmunotherapy is developed. By an expedient method in which the ratio of metal ion, histidine residues of protein and ligand is precisely controlled, PMOCol is constructed with ultrahigh encapsulation efficiency (80.3 wt%) and can release collagenase with high enzymatic activity for tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation after reaching tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, PMOcol exhibits intensively poorer toxicity than the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 biomineralized protein. After treatment, the pancreatic tumor with abundant ECM shows enhanced immunocyte infiltration owing to extracellular matrix degradation that improves suppressive TME. By integrating hyperthermia agent with strong near-infrared absorption (1064 nm), PMOCol can induce acute immunogenicity to host immunity activation and systemic immune memory production to prevent tumor development and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yitan Su
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
| | - Wang Dong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huiru Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
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6
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Li J, Li C, Zhao Z, Guo Y, Chen H, Liu P, Zhao M, Guo J. Biomolecules meet organic frameworks: from synthesis strategies to diverse applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4529-4541. [PMID: 38293903 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Biomolecules are essential in pharmaceuticals, biocatalysts, biomaterials, etc., but unfortunately they are extremely susceptible to extraneous conditions. When biomolecules meet porous organic frameworks, significantly improved thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities are not only acquired for raw biomolecules, but also molecule sieving, substrate enrichment, chirality property, and other functionalities are additionally introduced for application expansions. In addition, the intriguing synergistic effect stemming from elaborate and concerted interactions between biomolecules and frameworks can further enhance application performances. In this paper, the synthesis strategies of the so-called bio-organic frameworks (BOFs) in recent years are systematically reviewed and classified. Additionally, their broad applications in biomedicine, catalysis, separation, sensing, and imaging are introduced and discussed. Before ending, the current challenges and prospects in the future for this infancy-stage but significant research field are also provided. We hope that this review will offer a concise but comprehensive vision of designing and constructing multifunctional BOF materials as well as their full explorations in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Chunyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Zelong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Yuxue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Pai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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7
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Shashikumar U, Joshi S, Srivastava A, Tsai PC, Shree KDS, Suresh M, Ravindran B, Hussain CM, Chawla S, Ke LY, Ponnusamy VK. Trajectory in biological metal-organic frameworks: Biosensing and sustainable strategies-perspectives and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127120. [PMID: 37820902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The ligand attribute of biomolecules to form coordination bonds with metal ions led to the discovery of a novel class of materials called biomolecule-associated metal-organic frameworks (Bio-MOFs). These biomolecules coordinate in multiple ways and provide versatile applications. Far-spread bio-ligands include nucleobases, amino acids, peptides, cyclodextrins, saccharides, porphyrins/metalloporphyrin, proteins, etc. Low-toxicity, self-assembly, stability, designable and selectable porous size, the existence of rigid and flexible forms, bio-compatibility, and synergistic interactions between metal ions have led Bio-MOFs to be commercialized in industries such as sensors, food, pharma, and eco-sensing. The rapid growth and commercialization are stunted by absolute bio-compatibility issues, bulk morphology that makes it rigid to alter shape/porosity, longer reaction times, and inadequate research. This review elucidates the structural vitality, biocompatibility issues, and vital sensing applications, including challenges for incorporating bio-ligands into MOF. Critical innovations in Bio-MOFs' applicative spectrum, including sustainable food packaging, biosensing, insulin and phosphoprotein detection, gas sensing, CO2 capture, pesticide carriers, toxicant adsorptions, etc., have been elucidated. Emphasis is placed on biosensing and biomedical applications with biomimetic catalysis and sensitive sensor designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Shashikumar
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Somi Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Ananya Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
| | - Kandkuri Dhana Sai Shree
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Meera Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Shashi Chawla
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India.
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan.
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8
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Li Z, Wang S, Nattermann U, Bera AK, Borst AJ, Yaman MY, Bick MJ, Yang EC, Sheffler W, Lee B, Seifert S, Hura GL, Nguyen H, Kang A, Dalal R, Lubner JM, Hsia Y, Haddox H, Courbet A, Dowling Q, Miranda M, Favor A, Etemadi A, Edman NI, Yang W, Weidle C, Sankaran B, Negahdari B, Ross MB, Ginger DS, Baker D. Accurate computational design of three-dimensional protein crystals. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:1556-1563. [PMID: 37845322 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein crystallization plays a central role in structural biology. Despite this, the process of crystallization remains poorly understood and highly empirical, with crystal contacts, lattice packing arrangements and space group preferences being largely unpredictable. Programming protein crystallization through precisely engineered side-chain-side-chain interactions across protein-protein interfaces is an outstanding challenge. Here we develop a general computational approach for designing three-dimensional protein crystals with prespecified lattice architectures at atomic accuracy that hierarchically constrains the overall number of degrees of freedom of the system. We design three pairs of oligomers that can be individually purified, and upon mixing, spontaneously self-assemble into >100 µm three-dimensional crystals. The structures of these crystals are nearly identical to the computational design models, closely corresponding in both overall architecture and the specific protein-protein interactions. The dimensions of the crystal unit cell can be systematically redesigned while retaining the space group symmetry and overall architecture, and the crystals are extremely porous and highly stable. Our approach enables the computational design of protein crystals with high accuracy, and the designed protein crystals, which have both structural and assembly information encoded in their primary sequences, provide a powerful platform for biological materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shunzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Una Nattermann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure & Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asim K Bera
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew J Borst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Muammer Y Yaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew J Bick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erin C Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure & Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - William Sheffler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Greg L Hura
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alex Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Radhika Dalal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua M Lubner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yang Hsia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hugh Haddox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexis Courbet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- HHMI, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Quinton Dowling
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcos Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Favor
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Etemadi
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Natasha I Edman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Connor Weidle
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Medical Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael B Ross
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- HHMI, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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9
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Pham TT, Abe S, Date K, Hirata K, Suzuki T, Ueno T. Displaying a Protein Cage on a Protein Crystal by In-Cell Crystal Engineering. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10118-10125. [PMID: 37955329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid biomaterials has rapidly progressed in recent years in applications in bionanotechnology. The immobilization of proteins, such as enzymes, within protein crystals is being used to develop solid catalysts and functionalized materials. However, an efficient method for encapsulating protein assemblies has not yet been established. This work presents a novel approach to displaying protein cages onto a crystalline protein scaffold using in-cell protein crystal engineering. The polyhedra crystal (PhC) scaffold, which displays a ferritin cage, was produced by coexpression of polyhedrin monomer (PhM) and H1-ferritin (H1-Fr) monomer in Escherichia coli. The H1-tag is derived from the H1-helix of PhM. Our technique represents a unique strategy for immobilizing protein assemblies onto in-cell protein crystals and is expected to contribute to various applications in bionanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc Toan Pham
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Koki Date
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kunio Hirata
- SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit, RIKEN/SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun 679-5148, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Taiga Suzuki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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10
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Patrian M, Shaukat A, Nieddu M, Banda-Vázquez JA, Timonen JVI, Fuenzalida Werner JP, Anaya-Plaza E, Kostiainen MA, Costa RD. Supercharged Fluorescent Protein-Apoferritin Cocrystals for Lighting Applications. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21206-21215. [PMID: 37902649 PMCID: PMC10684032 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The application of fluorescent proteins (FPs) in optoelectronics is hindered by the need for effective protocols to stabilize them under device preparation and operational conditions. Factors such as high temperatures, irradiation, and organic solvent exposure contribute to the denaturation of FPs, resulting in a low device performance. Herein, we focus on addressing the photoinduced heat generation associated with FP motion and rapid heat transfer. This leads to device temperatures of approximately 65 °C, causing FP-denaturation and a subsequent loss of device functionality. We present a FP stabilization strategy involving the integration of electrostatically self-assembled FP-apoferritin cocrystals within a silicone-based color down-converting filter. Three key achievements characterize this approach: (i) an engineering strategy to design positively supercharged FPs (+22) without compromising photoluminescence and thermal stability compared to their native form, (ii) a carefully developed crystallization protocol resulting in highly emissive cocrystals that retain the essential photoluminescence features of the FPs, and (iii) a strong reduction of the device's working temperature to 40 °C, leading to a 40-fold increase in Bio-HLEDs stability compared to reference devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Patrian
- Chair
of Biogenic Functional Materials, 6 Technical
University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, Straubing 94315, Germany
| | - Ahmed Shaukat
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mattia Nieddu
- Chair
of Biogenic Functional Materials, 6 Technical
University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, Straubing 94315, Germany
| | - Jesús Agustín Banda-Vázquez
- Chair
of Biogenic Functional Materials, 6 Technical
University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, Straubing 94315, Germany
| | - Jaakko V. I. Timonen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, P.O. Box 15100, Espoo FI-02150, Finland
| | - Juan Pablo Fuenzalida Werner
- Chair
of Biogenic Functional Materials, 6 Technical
University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, Straubing 94315, Germany
| | - Eduardo Anaya-Plaza
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Rubén D. Costa
- Chair
of Biogenic Functional Materials, 6 Technical
University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, Straubing 94315, Germany
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11
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Patrian M, Nieddu M, Banda-Vázquez JA, Gutierrez-Armayor D, González-Gaitano G, Fuenzalida-Werner JP, Costa RD. Genetically Encoded Oligomerization for Protein-Based Lighting Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303993. [PMID: 37572026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Implementing proteins in optoelectronics represents a fresh idea toward a sustainable new class of materials with bio-functions that can replace environmentally unfriendly and/or toxic components without losing device performance. However, their native activity (fluorescence, catalysis, and so on) is easily lost under device fabrication/operation as non-native environments (organic solvents, organic/inorganic interfaces, and so on) and severe stress (temperature, irradiation, and so on) are involved. Herein, a gift bow genetically-encoded macro-oligomerization strategy is showcased to promote protein-protein solid interaction enabling i) high versatility with arbitrary proteins, ii) straightforward electrostatic driven control of the macro-oligomer size by ionic strength, and iii) stabilities over months in pure organic solvents and stress scenarios, allowing to integrate them into classical water-free polymer-based materials/components for optoelectronics. Indeed, rainbow-/white-emitting protein-based light-emitting diodes are fabricated, attesting a first-class performance compared to those with their respective native proteins: significantly enhanced device stabilities from a few minutes up to 100 h keeping device efficiency at high power driving conditions. Thus, the oligomerization concept is a solid bridge between biological systems and materials/components to meet expectations in bio-optoelectronics, in general, and lighting schemes, in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Patrian
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Mattia Nieddu
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Jesús A Banda-Vázquez
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - David Gutierrez-Armayor
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | | | - Juan Pablo Fuenzalida-Werner
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Rubén D Costa
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse, 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
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12
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Zhang C, Chen X, Liu B, Zang J, Zhang T, Zhao G. Preparation and Unique Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly Property of Starfish Ferritin. Foods 2023; 12:3903. [PMID: 37959022 PMCID: PMC10647799 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure and assembly properties of ferritin derived from aquatic products remain to be explored. Constructing diverse three-dimensional (3D) protein architectures with the same building blocks has important implications for nutrient delivery, medicine and materials science. Herein, ferritin from Asterias forbesii (AfFer) was prepared, and its crystal structure was resolved at 1.91 Å for the first time. Notably, different from the crystal structure of other reported ferritin, AfFer exhibited a BCT lattice arrangement in its crystals. Bioinspired by the crystal structure of AfFer, we described an effective approach for manufacturing 3D porous, crystalline nanoarchitectures by redesigning the shared protein interface involved in different 3D protein arrays. Based on this strategy, two 3D superlattices of body-centered tetragonal and simple cubicwere constructed with ferritin molecules as the building blocks. This study provided a potentially generalizable strategy for constructing different 3D protein-based crystalline biomaterials with the same building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.C.); (B.L.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.)
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13
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Han K, Zhang Z, Tezcan FA. Spatially Patterned, Porous Protein Crystals as Multifunctional Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19932-19944. [PMID: 37642457 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
While the primary use of protein crystals has historically been in crystallographic structure determination, they have recently emerged as promising materials with many advantageous properties such as high porosity, biocompatibility, stability, structural and functional versatility, and genetic/chemical tailorability. Here, we report that the utility of protein crystals as functional materials can be further augmented through their spatial patterning and control of their morphologies. To this end, we took advantage of the chemically and kinetically controllable nature of ferritin self-assembly and constructed core-shell crystals with chemically distinct domains, tunable structural patterns, and morphologies. The spatial organization within ferritin crystals enabled the generation of patterned, multi-enzyme frameworks with cooperative catalytic behavior. We further exploited the differential growth kinetics of ferritin crystal facets to assemble Janus-type architectures with an anisotropic arrangement of chemically distinct domains. These examples represent a step toward using protein crystals as reaction vessels for complex multi-step reactions and broadening their utility as functional, solid-state materials. Our results demonstrate that morphology control and spatial patterning, which are key concepts in materials science and nanotechnology, can also be applied for engineering protein crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - F Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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14
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Öztürk Ö, Lessl AL, Höhn M, Wuttke S, Nielsen PE, Wagner E, Lächelt U. Peptide nucleic acid-zirconium coordination nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14222. [PMID: 37648689 PMCID: PMC10469198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40916-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ideal drug carriers feature a high loading capacity to minimize the exposure of patients with excessive, inactive carrier materials. The highest imaginable loading capacity could be achieved by nanocarriers, which are assembled from the therapeutic cargo molecules themselves. Here, we describe peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-based zirconium (Zr) coordination nanoparticles which exhibit very high PNA loading of [Formula: see text] w/w. This metal-organic hybrid nanomaterial class extends the enormous compound space of coordination polymers towards bioactive oligonucleotide linkers. The architecture of single- or double-stranded PNAs was systematically varied to identify design criteria for the coordination driven self-assembly with Zr(IV) nodes at room temperature. Aromatic carboxylic acid functions, serving as Lewis bases, and a two-step synthesis process with preformation of [Formula: see text] turned out to be decisive for successful nanoparticle assembly. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that the PNA-Zr nanoparticles are readily internalized by cells. PNA-Zr nanoparticles, coated with a cationic lipopeptide, successfully delivered an antisense PNA sequence for splicing correction of the [Formula: see text]-globin intron mutation IVS2-705 into a functional reporter cell line and mediated splice-switching via interaction with the endogenous mRNA splicing machinery. The presented PNA-Zr nanoparticles represent a bioactive platform with high design flexibility and extraordinary PNA loading capacity, where the nucleic acid constitutes an integral part of the material, instead of being loaded into passive delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Öztürk
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Genetic and Bio Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Anna-Lina Lessl
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- Basque Center for Materials (BCMaterials), Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Peter E Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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van der Ven AM, Gyamfi H, Suttisansanee U, Ahmad MS, Su Z, Taylor RM, Poole A, Chiorean S, Daub E, Urquhart T, Honek JF. Molecular Engineering of E. coli Bacterioferritin: A Versatile Nanodimensional Protein Cage. Molecules 2023; 28:4663. [PMID: 37375226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, intense interest is focused on the discovery and application of new multisubunit cage proteins and spherical virus capsids to the fields of bionanotechnology, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging as their internal cavities can serve as hosts for fluorophores or bioactive molecular cargo. Bacterioferritin is unusual in the ferritin protein superfamily of iron-storage cage proteins in that it contains twelve heme cofactors and is homomeric. The goal of the present study is to expand the capabilities of ferritins by developing new approaches to molecular cargo encapsulation employing bacterioferritin. Two strategies were explored to control the encapsulation of a diverse range of molecular guests compared to random entrapment, a predominant strategy employed in this area. The first was the inclusion of histidine-tag peptide fusion sequences within the internal cavity of bacterioferritin. This approach allowed for the successful and controlled encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, a protein (fluorescently labeled streptavidin), or a 5 nm gold nanoparticle. The second strategy, termed the heme-dependent cassette strategy, involved the substitution of the native heme with heme analogs attached to (i) fluorescent dyes or (ii) nickel-nitrilotriacetate (NTA) groups (which allowed for controllable encapsulation of a histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein). An in silico docking approach identified several small molecules able to replace the heme and capable of controlling the quaternary structure of the protein. A transglutaminase-based chemoenzymatic approach to surface modification of this cage protein was also accomplished, allowing for future nanoparticle targeting. This research presents novel strategies to control a diverse set of molecular encapsulations and adds a further level of sophistication to internal protein cavity engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton M van der Ven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hawa Gyamfi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Muhammad S Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhengding Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Robert M Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Amanda Poole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sorina Chiorean
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Daub
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Taylor Urquhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - John F Honek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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16
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Wang C, Liu Q, Huang X, Zhuang J. Ferritin nanocages: a versatile platform for nanozyme design. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:4153-4170. [PMID: 37158014 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00192j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities and have attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications in biomedicine. However, nanozyme design incorporating the desired properties remains challenging. Natural or genetically engineered protein scaffolds, such as ferritin nanocages, have emerged as a promising platform for nanozyme design due to their unique protein structure, natural biomineralization capacity, self-assembly properties, and high biocompatibility. In this review, we highlight the intrinsic properties of ferritin nanocages, especially for nanozyme design. We also discuss the advantages of genetically engineered ferritin in the versatile design of nanozymes over natural ferritin. Additionally, we summarize the bioapplications of ferritin-based nanozymes based on their enzyme-mimicking activities. In this perspective, we mainly provide potential insights into the utilization of ferritin nanocages for nanozyme design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jie Zhuang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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17
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Rajamohan R, Raorane CJ, Kim SC, Krishnan MM, Lee YR. Supramolecular β-Cyclodextrin-Quercetin Based Metal-Organic Frameworks as an Efficient Antibiofilm and Antifungal Agent. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093667. [PMID: 37175077 PMCID: PMC10179912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The loading of drugs or medicinally active compounds has recently been performed using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are thought to be a new type of porous material in which organic ligands and metal ions can self-assemble to form a network structure. The quercetin (QRC) loading and biofilm application on a cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework via a solvent diffusion approach is successfully accomplished in the current study. The antibacterial plant flavonoid QRC is loaded onto β-CD-K MOFs to create the composite containing inclusion complexes (ICs) and denoted as QRC:β-CD-K MOFs. The shifting in the chemical shift values of QRC in the MOFs may be the reason for the interaction of QRC with the β-CD-K MOFs. The binding energies and relative contents of MOFs are considerably changed after the formation of QRC:β-CD-K MOFs, suggesting that the interactions took place during the loading of QRC. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed a reduction in the formation of biofilm. The results of the cell aggregation and hyphal growth are consistent with the antibiofilm activity that is found in the treatment group. Therefore, QRC:β-CD-K MOFs had no effect on the growth of planktonic cells while inhibiting the development of hyphae and biofilm in C. albicans DAY185. This study creates new opportunities for supramolecular β-CD-based MOF development for use in biological research and pharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaram Rajamohan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mani Murali Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam 638401, India
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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18
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Sun Z, Li T, Mei T, Liu Y, Wu K, Le W, Hu Y. Nanoscale MOFs in nanomedicine applications: from drug delivery to therapeutic agents. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:3273-3294. [PMID: 36928915 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00027c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) hold great promise for widespread applications in biomedicine and nanomedicine. MOFs are one of the most fascinating nanocarriers for drug delivery, benefiting from their high porosity and facile modification. Furthermore, the tailored components of MOFs can be therapeutic agents for various treatments, including drugs as organic ligands of MOFs, active metal as central metal ions of MOFs, and their combinations as carrier-free MOF-based nanodrug. In this review, the advances in delivery systems and applications as therapeutic agents for nanoscale MOF-based materials are summarized. The challenges of MOFs in clinical translation and the future directions in the field of MOFs therapy are also discussed. We hope that more researchers will focus their attention on advancing and translating MOF-based nanodrugs into pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Sun
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. .,Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Tieyan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianxiao Mei
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kerui Wu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Wenjun Le
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yihui Hu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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19
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Angkawijaya AE, Bundjaja V, Santoso SP, Go AW, Lin SP, Cheng KC, Soetaredjo FE, Ismadji S. Biocompatible and biodegradable copper-protocatechuic metal-organic frameworks as rifampicin carrier. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213269. [PMID: 36696782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by the M. tuberculosis bacteria infection and is listed as one of the deadliest diseases to date. Despite the development of antituberculosis drugs, the need for long-term drug consumption and low patient commitment are obstacles to the success of TB treatment. A continuous drug delivery system that has a long-term effect is needed to reduce routine drug consumption intervals, suppress infection, and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. For this reason, biomolecule metal-organic framework (BioMOF) with good biocompatibility, nontoxicity, bioactivity, and high stability are becoming potential drug carriers. This study used a bioactive protocatechuic acid (PCA) as organic linker to prepare copper-based BioMOF Cu-PCA under base-modulated conditions. Detailed crystal analysis by the powder X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the Cu-PCA, with a chemical formula of C14H16O13Cu3, crystalizes as triclinic in space group P1. Comprehensive physicochemical characterizations were provided using FTIR, SEM, XPS, TGA, EA, and N2 sorption. As a drug carrier, Cu-PCA showed a high maximum rifampicin (RIF) drug loading of 443.01 mg/g. Upon resuspension in PBS, the RIF and linkers release profile exhibited two-stage release kinetic profiles, which are well described by the Biphasic Dose Response (BiDoseResp) model. A complete release of these compounds (RIF and PCA) was achieved after ~9 h of mixing in PBS. Cu-PCA and RIF@Cu-PCA possessed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, and good biocompatibility is evidenced by the high viability of MH-S mice alveolar macrophage cells upon supplementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artik Elisa Angkawijaya
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan; Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan.
| | - Vania Bundjaja
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Chemical Engineering Department, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Jl. Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Alchris Woo Go
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, #250, Wuxing Street, Xinyi Dist., Taipei 11042, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, #1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, #1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Felycia Edi Soetaredjo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Jl. Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Chemical Engineering Department, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Jl. Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
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20
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Oh HJ, Jung Y. High order assembly of multiple protein cages with homogeneous sizes and shapes via limited cage surface engineering. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1105-1113. [PMID: 36756339 PMCID: PMC9891371 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein cages are attractive building blocks to build high order materials such as 3D cage lattices, which offer accurately ordered bio-templates. However, controlling the size or valency of these cage-to-cage assemblies is extremely difficult due to highly multivalent and symmetric cage structures. Here, various high order cage assemblies with homogeneous sizes and geometries are constructed by developing an anisotropic ferritin cage with limitedly exposed binding modules, leucine zipper. The anisotropic ferritin is produced as expressed in cells without the need of complex in vitro cage fabrication by careful subunit manipulation. Ferritin cages with limitedly exposed zippers are assembled around a core ferritin with fully exposed opposing zippers, generating homogeneous high order structures, whereas two fully exposed ferritins are assembled into heterogeneous cage aggregates. Diverse fully exposed core cages are prepared by varying the zipper-ferritin fusion geometries and even by using larger cage structures. With these core cages and the anisotropic ferritin, a range of high order cage assemblies with diverse ferritin valencies (3 to over 12) and sizes (over 40 nm) are created. Cell surface binding and internalization of cage structures are greatly varied by assembly sizes, where high order ferritins are clearly more effective than monomeric ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok Jin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea +82-42-350-2810 +82-42-350-2817
| | - Yongwon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea +82-42-350-2810 +82-42-350-2817
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21
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Kobayashi N, Arai R. Protein Cages and Nanostructures Constructed from Protein Nanobuilding Blocks. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2671:79-94. [PMID: 37308639 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3222-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein cages and nanostructures are promising biocompatible medical materials, such as vaccines and drug carriers. Recent advances in designed protein nanocages and nanostructures have opened up cutting-edge applications in the fields of synthetic biology and biopharmaceuticals. A simple approach for constructing self-assembling protein nanocages and nanostructures is the design of a fusion protein composed of two different proteins forming symmetric oligomers. In this chapter, we describe the design and methods of protein nanobuilding blocks (PN-Blocks) using a dimeric de novo protein WA20 to construct self-assembling protein cages and nanostructures. A protein nanobuilding block (PN-Block), WA20-foldon, was developed by fusing an intermolecularly folded dimeric de novo protein WA20 and a trimeric foldon domain from bacteriophage T4 fibritin. The WA20-foldon self-assembled into several oligomeric nanoarchitectures in multiples of 6-mer. De novo extender protein nanobuilding blocks (ePN-Blocks) were also developed by fusing tandemly two WA20 with various linkers, to construct self-assembling cyclized and extended chain-like nanostructures. These PN-Blocks would be useful for the construction of self-assembling protein cages and nanostructures and their potential applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kobayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, Japan.
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, Japan.
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22
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Shao L, Ma J, Prelesnik JL, Zhou Y, Nguyen M, Zhao M, Jenekhe SA, Kalinin SV, Ferguson AL, Pfaendtner J, Mundy CJ, De Yoreo JJ, Baneyx F, Chen CL. Hierarchical Materials from High Information Content Macromolecular Building Blocks: Construction, Dynamic Interventions, and Prediction. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17397-17478. [PMID: 36260695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical materials that exhibit order over multiple length scales are ubiquitous in nature. Because hierarchy gives rise to unique properties and functions, many have sought inspiration from nature when designing and fabricating hierarchical matter. More and more, however, nature's own high-information content building blocks, proteins, peptides, and peptidomimetics, are being coopted to build hierarchy because the information that determines structure, function, and interfacial interactions can be readily encoded in these versatile macromolecules. Here, we take stock of recent progress in the rational design and characterization of hierarchical materials produced from high-information content blocks with a focus on stimuli-responsive and "smart" architectures. We also review advances in the use of computational simulations and data-driven predictions to shed light on how the side chain chemistry and conformational flexibility of macromolecular blocks drive the emergence of order and the acquisition of hierarchy and also on how ionic, solvent, and surface effects influence the outcomes of assembly. Continued progress in the above areas will ultimately usher in an era where an understanding of designed interactions, surface effects, and solution conditions can be harnessed to achieve predictive materials synthesis across scale and drive emergent phenomena in the self-assembly and reconfiguration of high-information content building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jinrong Ma
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jesse L Prelesnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yicheng Zhou
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mary Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mingfei Zhao
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Samson A Jenekhe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Andrew L Ferguson
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jim Pfaendtner
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christopher J Mundy
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - François Baneyx
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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23
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Zhang X, Zeng R, Zhang T, Lv C, Zang J, Zhao G. Spatiotemporal control over 3D protein nanocage superlattices for the hierarchical encapsulation and release of different cargo molecules. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9968-9973. [PMID: 36472186 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01961b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Taking inspiration from Nature, we have constructed a two-compartment system based on 3D ferritin nanocage superlattices, the self-assembly behavior of which can be spatiotemporally controlled using two designed switches. One pH switch regulates the assembly of the ferritin subunit into its shell-like structure, whereas the other metal switch is responsible for assembly of the 3D superlattices from ferritin nanocages as building blocks. Consequently, this system holds great promise for the hierarchical encapsulation and release of two different cargo molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Ruiqi Zeng
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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24
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Di Palma G, Geels S, Carpenter BP, Talosig RA, Chen C, Marangoni F, Patterson JP. Cyclodextrin metal-organic framework-based protein biocomposites. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6749-6754. [PMID: 36286095 PMCID: PMC9717710 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01240e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Materials are needed to increase the stability and half-life of therapeutic proteins during delivery. These materials should be biocompatible and biodegradable. Here, we demonstrate that enzymes and immunoproteins can be encapsulated inside cyclodextrin based metal-organic frameworks using potassium as the metal node. The release profile can be controlled with the solubility of the cyclodextrin linker. The activity of the proteins after release is determined using catalytic and in vitro assays. The results show that cyclodextrin metal-organic framework-based protein biocomposites are a promising class of materials to deliver therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Palma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
| | - Shannon Geels
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Brooke P Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
| | - Rain A Talosig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
| | - Charles Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
| | - Francesco Marangoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Joseph P Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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25
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Wang J, Wicher B, Maurizot V, Huc I. Directing the Self-Assembly of Aromatic Foldamer Helices using Acridine Appendages and Metal Coordination. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201345. [PMID: 35965255 PMCID: PMC9826129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Folded molecules provide complex interaction interfaces amenable to sophisticated self-assembly motifs. Because of their high conformational stability, aromatic foldamers constitute suitable candidates for the rational elaboration of self-assembled architectures. Several multiturn helical aromatic oligoamides have been synthesized that possess arrays of acridine appendages pointing in one or two directions. The acridine units were shown to direct self-assembly in the solid state via aromatic stacking leading to recurrent helix-helix association patterns under the form of discrete dimers or extended arrays. In the presence of Pd(II), metal coordination of the acridine units overwhelms other forces and generates new metal-mediated multihelical self-assemblies, including macrocycles. These observations demonstrate simple access to different types of foldamer-containing architectures, ranging from discrete objects to 1D and, by extension, 2D and 3D arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- CBMN (UMR5248)Univ. Bordeaux – CNRS – IPBInstitut Européen de Chimie et Biologie2 rue Escarpit33600PessacFrance
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of DrugsPoznan University of Medical SciencesGrunwaldzka 660-780PoznanPoland
| | - Victor Maurizot
- CBMN (UMR5248)Univ. Bordeaux – CNRS – IPBInstitut Européen de Chimie et Biologie2 rue Escarpit33600PessacFrance
| | - Ivan Huc
- CBMN (UMR5248)Univ. Bordeaux – CNRS – IPBInstitut Européen de Chimie et Biologie2 rue Escarpit33600PessacFrance,Department of PharmacyLudwig-Maximilians-UniversitätButenandtstrasse 5–1381377MünchenGermany,Cluster of Excellence e-conversion85748GarchingGermany
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26
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Lee J, Yang M, Song WJ. The expanded landscape of metalloproteins by genetic incorporation of noncanonical amino acids. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Lee
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Minwoo Yang
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Woon Ju Song
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
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27
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Jacobs M, Bansal P, Shukla D, Schroeder CM. Understanding Supramolecular Assembly of Supercharged Proteins. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:1350-1361. [PMID: 36188338 PMCID: PMC9523778 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ordered supramolecular assemblies have recently been created using electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged proteins. Despite recent progress, the fundamental mechanisms governing the assembly of oppositely supercharged proteins are not fully understood. Here, we use a combination of experiments and computational modeling to systematically study the supramolecular assembly process for a series of oppositely supercharged green fluorescent protein variants. We show that net charge is a sufficient molecular descriptor to predict the interaction fate of oppositely charged proteins under a given set of solution conditions (e.g., ionic strength), but the assembled supramolecular structures critically depend on surface charge distributions. Interestingly, our results show that a large excess of charge is necessary to nucleate assembly and that charged residues not directly involved in interprotein interactions contribute to a substantial fraction (∼30%) of the interaction energy between oppositely charged proteins via long-range electrostatic interactions. Dynamic subunit exchange experiments further show that relatively small, 16-subunit assemblies of oppositely charged proteins have kinetic lifetimes on the order of ∼10-40 min, which is governed by protein composition and solution conditions. Broadly, our results inform how protein supercharging can be used to create different ordered supramolecular assemblies from a single parent protein building block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
I. Jacobs
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Prateek Bansal
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M. Schroeder
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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28
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Ferritin nanocage based delivery vehicles: From single-, co- to compartmentalized- encapsulation of bioactive or nutraceutical compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108037. [PMID: 36152892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive or nutraceutical ingredients have been widely used in pursuit of health and well-being. However, the environmental instability, poor solubility and bioavailability, and unspecific delivery highly limited their practical values. By virtue of the unique shell-like structure, definite disassembly/reassembly behavior, and excellent safety profile of ferritin protein, it stands out among of various nano-materials and is emerging as one of the most promising vehicles for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive ingredients or drugs. In this review, we present a systematic overview of recent advances of ferritin-based delivery systems from single-encapsulation, co-encapsulation, to compartmentalized-encapsulation of bioactive ingredients or drugs. Different encapsulation strategies for cargo loading as well as their advantages and drawbacks have been critically reviewed. This study emphasized the importance of the construction of compartmentalized delivery systems through the usage of ferritin nanocages, which exhibit great potential for facilitating the synergistic functionality of different types of cargos. Lastly, the applications of ferritin nanocages for physicochemical improvements and functionality achievements of loaded cargos are summarized. In conclusion, ferritin protein nanocages not only are excellent nanocarriers, but also can act as"multi-seated" vehicles for co-encapsulation and compartmentalized encapsulation of different cargos simultaneously.
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29
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Kerns S, Biswas A, Minnetian NM, Borovik AS. Artificial Metalloproteins: At the Interface between Biology and Chemistry. JACS AU 2022; 2:1252-1265. [PMID: 35783165 PMCID: PMC9241007 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Artificial metalloproteins (ArMs) have recently gained significant interest due to their potential to address issues in a broad scope of applications, including biocatalysis, biotechnology, protein assembly, and model chemistry. ArMs are assembled by the incorporation of a non-native metallocofactor into a protein scaffold. This can be achieved by a number of methods that apply tools of chemical biology, computational de novo design, and synthetic chemistry. In this Perspective, we highlight select systems in the hope of demonstrating the breadth of ArM design strategies and applications and emphasize how these systems address problems that are otherwise difficult to do so with strictly biochemical or synthetic approaches.
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30
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Maity B, Taher M, Mazumdar S, Ueno T. Artificial metalloenzymes based on protein assembly. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Flood R, Ramberg KO, Mengel DB, Guagnini F, Crowley PB. Protein Frameworks with Thiacalixarene and Zinc. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:3271-3276. [PMID: 35529063 PMCID: PMC9073927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlled protein assembly provides a means to generate biomaterials. Synthetic macrocycles such as the water-soluble sulfonato-calix[n]arenes are useful mediators of protein assembly. Sulfonato-thiacalix[4]arene (tsclx 4 ), with its metal-binding capacity, affords the potential for simultaneous macrocycle- and metal-mediated protein assembly. Here, we describe the tsclx 4 -/Zn-directed assembly of two proteins: cationic α-helical cytochrome c (cyt c) and neutral β-propeller Ralstonia solanacearum lectin (RSL). Two co-crystal forms were obtained with cyt c, each involving multinuclear zinc sites supported by the cone conformation of tsclx 4 . The tsclx 4 /Zn cluster acted as an assembly node via both lysine encapsulation and metal-mediated protein-protein contacts. In the case of RSL, tsclx 4 adopted the 1,2-alternate conformation and supported a dinuclear zinc site with concomitant encapsulation and metal-binding of two histidine side chains. These results, together with the knowledge of thiacalixarene/metal nanoclusters, suggest promising applications for thiacalixarenes in biomaterials and MOF fabrication.
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32
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Edwardson TGW, Levasseur MD, Tetter S, Steinauer A, Hori M, Hilvert D. Protein Cages: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9145-9197. [PMID: 35394752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins that self-assemble into polyhedral shell-like structures are useful molecular containers both in nature and in the laboratory. Here we review efforts to repurpose diverse protein cages, including viral capsids, ferritins, bacterial microcompartments, and designed capsules, as vaccines, drug delivery vehicles, targeted imaging agents, nanoreactors, templates for controlled materials synthesis, building blocks for higher-order architectures, and more. A deep understanding of the principles underlying the construction, function, and evolution of natural systems has been key to tailoring selective cargo encapsulation and interactions with both biological systems and synthetic materials through protein engineering and directed evolution. The ability to adapt and design increasingly sophisticated capsid structures and functions stands to benefit the fields of catalysis, materials science, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephan Tetter
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Steinauer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mao Hori
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Donald Hilvert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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33
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Lach M, Strelow C, Meyer A, Mews A, Beck T. Encapsulation of Gold Nanoparticles into Redesigned Ferritin Nanocages for the Assembly of Binary Superlattices Composed of Fluorophores and Gold Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10656-10668. [PMID: 35166537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials with a defined composition and structure can be synthesized by exploiting natural templates or biomolecular matrices. In the present work, we use protein nanocages derived from human ferritin as a nanoscale building block for the assembly of gold nanoparticles and fluorescent molecules in the solid state. As a generalizable strategy, we show that prior to material synthesis, the cargo can be encapsulated into the protein nanocages using a dis- and reassembly approach. Toward this end, a new ligand system for gold nanoparticles enables efficient encapsulation of these particles into the nanocages. The gold nanoparticle-loaded protein nanocages are co-assembled with fluorophore-loaded protein nanocages. Binary superlattices are formed because two oppositely charged ferritin nanocages are used as templates for the assembly. The binary crystals show strong exciton-plasmon coupling between the encapsulated fluorophores and gold nanoparticles, which was spatially resolved with fluorescence lifetime imaging. The strategy outlined here offers a modular approach toward binary nanomaterials with highly ordered building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Lach
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Strelow
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alf Mews
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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34
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Shaukat A, Anaya‐Plaza E, Beyeh NK, Kostiainen MA. Simultaneous Organic and Inorganic Host‐Guest Chemistry within Pillararene‐Protein Cage Frameworks. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104341. [PMID: 35043998 PMCID: PMC9305414 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular self‐assembly of biomolecules provides a powerful bottom‐up strategy to build functional nanostructures and materials. Among the different biomacromolecules, protein cages offer various advantages including uniform size, versatility, multi‐modularity, and high stability. Additionally, protein cage crystals present confined microenvironments with well‐defined dimensions. On the other hand, molecular hosts, such as cyclophanes, possess a defined cavity size and selective recognition of guest molecules. However, the successful combination of macrocycles and protein cages to achieve functional co‐crystals has remained limited. In this study, we demonstrate electrostatic binding between cationic pillar[5]arenes and (apo)ferritin cages that results in porous and crystalline frameworks. The electrostatically assembled crystals present a face‐centered cubic (FCC) lattice and have been characterized by means of small‐angle X‐ray scattering and cryo‐TEM. These hierarchical structures result in a multiadsorbent framework capable of hosting both organic and inorganic pollutants, such as dyes and toxic metals, with potential application in water‐remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shaukat
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Eduardo Anaya‐Plaza
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry Oakland University 146 Library Drive Rochester MI 48309-4479 USA
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
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35
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Xie Y, Lin R, Chen B. Old Materials for New Functions: Recent Progress on Metal Cyanide Based Porous Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104234. [PMID: 34825524 PMCID: PMC8728855 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanide is the simplest ligand with strong basicity to construct open frameworks including some of the oldest compounds reported in the history of coordination chemistry. Cyanide can form numerous cyanometallates with different transition metal ions showing diverse geometries. Rational design of robust extended networks is enabled by the strong bonding nature and high directionality of cyanide ligand. By virtue of a combination of cyanometallates and/or organic linkers, multifunctional framework materials can be targeted and readily synthesized for various applications, ranging from molecular adsorptions/separations to energy conversion and storage, and spin-crossover materials. External guest- and stimuli-responsive behaviors in cyanide-based materials are also highlighted for the development of the next-generation smart materials. In this review, an overview of the recent progress of cyanide-based multifunctional materials is presented to demonstrate the great potential of cyanide ligands in the development of modern coordination chemistry and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTX78249‐0698USA
| | - Rui‐Biao Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Texas at San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTX78249‐0698USA
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36
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Kojima M, Abe S, Ueno T. Engineering of protein crystals for use as solid biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:354-367. [PMID: 34928275 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01752g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein crystals have attracted a great deal of attention as solid biomaterials because they have porous structures created by regular assemblies of proteins. The lattice structures of protein crystals are controlled by designing molecular interfacial interactions via covalent bonds and non-covalent bonds. Protein crystals have been functionalized as templates to immobilize foreign molecules such as metal nanoparticles, metal complexes, and proteins. These hybrid crystals are used as functional materials for catalytic reactions and structural analysis. Furthermore, in-cell protein crystals have been studied extensively, providing progress in rapid protein crystallization and crystallography. This review highlights recent advances in crystal engineering for protein crystallization and generation of solid functional materials both in vitro and within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kojima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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37
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Zhu J, Avakyan N, Kakkis AA, Hoffnagle AM, Han K, Li Y, Zhang Z, Choi TS, Na Y, Yu CJ, Tezcan FA. Protein Assembly by Design. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13701-13796. [PMID: 34405992 PMCID: PMC9148388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are nature's primary building blocks for the construction of sophisticated molecular machines and dynamic materials, ranging from protein complexes such as photosystem II and nitrogenase that drive biogeochemical cycles to cytoskeletal assemblies and muscle fibers for motion. Such natural systems have inspired extensive efforts in the rational design of artificial protein assemblies in the last two decades. As molecular building blocks, proteins are highly complex, in terms of both their three-dimensional structures and chemical compositions. To enable control over the self-assembly of such complex molecules, scientists have devised many creative strategies by combining tools and principles of experimental and computational biophysics, supramolecular chemistry, inorganic chemistry, materials science, and polymer chemistry, among others. Owing to these innovative strategies, what started as a purely structure-building exercise two decades ago has, in short order, led to artificial protein assemblies with unprecedented structures and functions and protein-based materials with unusual properties. Our goal in this review is to give an overview of this exciting and highly interdisciplinary area of research, first outlining the design strategies and tools that have been devised for controlling protein self-assembly, then describing the diverse structures of artificial protein assemblies, and finally highlighting the emergent properties and functions of these assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albert A. Kakkis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Alexander M. Hoffnagle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Tae Su Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Youjeong Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Chung-Jui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
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38
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Zeng R, Lv C, Wang C, Zhao G. Bionanomaterials based on protein self-assembly: Design and applications in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 52:107835. [PMID: 34520791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Elegant protein assembly to generate new biomaterials undergoes extremely rapid development for wide extension of biotechnology applications, which can be a powerful tool not only for creating nanomaterials but also for advancing understanding of the structure of life. Unique biological properties of proteins bestow these artificial biomaterials diverse functions that can permit them to be applied in encapsulation, bioimaging, biocatalysis, biosensors, photosynthetic apparatus, electron transport, magnetogenetic applications, vaccine development and antibodies design. This review gives a perspective view of the latest advances in the construction of protein-based nanomaterials. We initially start with distinguishable, specific interactions to construct sundry nanomaterials through protein self-assembly and concisely expound the assembly mechanism from the design strategy. And then, the design and construction of 0D, 1D, 2D, 3D protein assembled nanomaterials are especially highlighted. Furthermore, the potential applications have been discussed in detail. Overall, this review will illustrate how to fabricate highly sophisticated nanomaterials oriented toward applications in biotechnology based on the rules of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Zeng
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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39
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Encoding hierarchical assembly pathways of proteins with DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2106808118. [PMID: 34593642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106808118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and functional diversity of materials in nature depends on the controlled assembly of discrete building blocks into complex architectures via specific, multistep, hierarchical assembly pathways. Achieving similar complexity in synthetic materials through hierarchical assembly is challenging due to difficulties with defining multiple recognition areas on synthetic building blocks and controlling the sequence through which those recognition sites direct assembly. Here, we show that we can exploit the chemical anisotropy of proteins and the programmability of DNA ligands to deliberately control the hierarchical assembly of protein-DNA materials. Through DNA sequence design, we introduce orthogonal DNA interactions with disparate interaction strengths ("strong" and "weak") onto specific geometric regions of a model protein, stable protein 1 (Sp1). We show that the spatial encoding of DNA ligands leads to highly directional assembly via strong interactions and that, by design, the first stage of assembly increases the multivalency of weak DNA-DNA interactions that give rise to an emergent second stage of assembly. Furthermore, we demonstrate that judicious DNA design not only directs assembly along a given pathway but can also direct distinct structural outcomes from a single pathway. This combination of protein surface and DNA sequence design allows us to encode the structural and chemical information necessary into building blocks to program their multistep hierarchical assembly. Our findings represent a strategy for controlling the hierarchical assembly of proteins to realize a diverse set of protein-DNA materials by design.
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40
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Ji Z, Freund R, Diercks CS, Hirschle P, Yaghi OM, Wuttke S. From Molecules to Frameworks to Superframework Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103808. [PMID: 34499785 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Building chemical structures of complexity and functionality approaching the level of biological systems is an ongoing challenge. A general synthetic strategy is proposed by which progressive levels of complexity are achieved through the building block approach whereby molecularly defined constructs at one level serve as constituent units of the next level, all being linked through strong bonds-"augmented reticular chemistry". Specifically, current knowledge of linking metal complexes and organic molecules into reticular frameworks is applied here to linking the crystals of these frameworks into supercrystals (superframeworks). This strategy allows for the molecular control exercised on the molecular regime to be translated into higher augmentation levels to produce systems capable of dynamics and complex functionality far exceeding current materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ralph Freund
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian S Diercks
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Patrick Hirschle
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Omar M Yaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Joint UAEU-UC Berkeley Laboratories for Materials Innovations, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
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41
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Subramanian RH, Zhu J, Bailey JB, Chiong JA, Li Y, Golub E, Tezcan FA. Design of metal-mediated protein assemblies via hydroxamic acid functionalities. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:3264-3297. [PMID: 34050338 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of proteins into sophisticated multicomponent assemblies is a hallmark of all living systems and has spawned extensive efforts in the construction of novel synthetic protein architectures with emergent functional properties. Protein assemblies in nature are formed via selective association of multiple protein surfaces through intricate noncovalent protein-protein interactions, a challenging task to accurately replicate in the de novo design of multiprotein systems. In this protocol, we describe the application of metal-coordinating hydroxamate (HA) motifs to direct the metal-mediated assembly of polyhedral protein architectures and 3D crystalline protein-metal-organic frameworks (protein-MOFs). This strategy has been implemented using an asymmetric cytochrome cb562 monomer through selective, concurrent association of Fe3+ and Zn2+ ions to form polyhedral cages. Furthermore, the use of ditopic HA linkers as bridging ligands with metal-binding protein nodes has allowed the construction of crystalline 3D protein-MOF lattices. The protocol is divided into two major sections: (1) the development of a Cys-reactive HA molecule for protein derivatization and self-assembly of protein-HA conjugates into polyhedral cages and (2) the synthesis of ditopic HA bridging ligands for the construction of ferritin-based protein-MOFs using symmetric metal-binding protein nodes. Protein cages are analyzed using analytical ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. HA-mediated protein-MOFs are formed in sitting-drop vapor diffusion crystallization trays and are probed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and multi-crystal small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. Ligand synthesis, construction of HA-mediated assemblies, and post-assembly analysis as described in this protocol can be performed by a graduate-level researcher within 6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit H Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jake B Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jerika A Chiong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eyal Golub
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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42
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Sun R, Lim S. Protein cages as building blocks for superstructures. ENGINEERING BIOLOGY 2021; 5:35-42. [PMID: 36969478 PMCID: PMC9996708 DOI: 10.1049/enb2.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins naturally self-assemble to function. Protein cages result from the self-assembly of multiple protein subunits that interact to form hollow symmetrical structures with functions that range from cargo storage to catalysis. Driven by self-assembly, building elegant higher-order superstructures with protein cages as building blocks has been an increasingly attractive field in recent years. It presents an engineering challenge not only at the molecular level but also at the supramolecular level. The higher-order constructs are proposed to provide access to diverse functional materials. Focussing on design strategy as a perspective, current work on protein cage supramolecular self-assembly are reviewed from three principles that are electrostatic, metal-ligand coordination and inherent symmetry. The review also summarises possible applications of the superstructure architecture built using modified protein cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxuan Sun
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore
| | - Sierin Lim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore
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43
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Partridge BE, Winegar PH, Han Z, Mirkin CA. Redefining Protein Interfaces within Protein Single Crystals with DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8925-8934. [PMID: 34096291 PMCID: PMC8381744 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are exquisite nanoscale building blocks: molecularly pure, chemically addressable, and inherently selective for their evolved function. The organization of proteins into single crystals with high positional, orientational, and translational order results in materials where the location of every atom can be known. However, controlling the organization of proteins is challenging due to the myriad interactions that define protein interfaces within native single crystals. Recently, we discovered that introducing a single DNA-DNA interaction between protein surfaces leads to changes in the packing of proteins within single crystals and the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that arise. However, modifying specific PPIs to effect deliberate changes to protein packing is an unmet challenge. In this work, we hypothesized that disrupting and replacing a highly conserved PPI with a DNA-DNA interaction would enable protein packing to be modulated by exploiting the programmability of the introduced oligonucleotides. Using concanavalin A (ConA) as a model protein, we circumvent potentially deleterious mutagenesis and exploit the selective binding of ConA toward mannose to noncovalently attach DNA to the protein surface. We show that DNA association eliminates the major PPI responsible for crystallization of native ConA, thereby allowing subtle changes to DNA design (length, complementarity, and attachment position) to program distinct changes to ConA packing, including the realization of three novel crystal structures and the deliberate expansion of ConA packing along a single crystallographic axis. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of how DNA can supersede native PPIs to program protein packing within ordered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Partridge
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter H Winegar
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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44
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Subramanian RH, Suzuki Y, Tallorin L, Sahu S, Thompson M, Gianneschi NC, Burkart MD, Tezcan FA. Enzyme-Directed Functionalization of Designed, Two-Dimensional Protein Lattices. Biochemistry 2021; 60:1050-1062. [PMID: 32706243 PMCID: PMC7855359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The design and construction of crystalline protein arrays to selectively assemble ordered nanoscale materials have potential applications in sensing, catalysis, and medicine. Whereas numerous designs have been implemented for the bottom-up construction of protein assemblies, the generation of artificial functional materials has been relatively unexplored. Enzyme-directed post-translational modifications are responsible for the functional diversity of the proteome and, thus, could be harnessed to selectively modify artificial protein assemblies. In this study, we describe the use of phosphopantetheinyl transferases (PPTases), a class of enzymes that covalently modify proteins using coenzyme A (CoA), to site-selectively tailor the surface of designed, two-dimensional (2D) protein crystals. We demonstrate that a short peptide (ybbR) or a molecular tag (CoA) can be covalently tethered to 2D arrays to enable enzymatic functionalization using Sfp PPTase. The site-specific modification of two different protein array platforms is facilitated by PPTases to afford both small molecule- and protein-functionalized surfaces with no loss of crystalline order. This work highlights the potential for chemoenzymatic modification of large protein surfaces toward the generation of sophisticated protein platforms reminiscent of the complex landscape of cell surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit H. Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Current address: Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Lorillee Tallorin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Swagat Sahu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Michael D. Burkart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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45
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Lv C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang T, Chen H, Zang J, Zheng B, Zhao G. Redesign of protein nanocages: the way from 0D, 1D, 2D to 3D assembly. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3957-3989. [PMID: 33587075 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01349h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Compartmentalization is a hallmark of living systems. Through compartmentalization, ubiquitous protein nanocages such as viral capsids, ferritin, small heat shock proteins, and DNA-binding proteins from starved cells fulfill a variety of functions, while their shell-like structures hold great promise for various applications in the field of nanomedicine and nanotechnology. However, the number and structure of natural protein nanocages are limited, and these natural protein nanocages may not be suited for a given application, which might impede their further application as nanovehicles, biotemplates or building blocks. To overcome these shortcomings, different strategies have been developed by scientists to construct artificial protein nanocages, and 1D, 2D and 3D protein arrays with protein nanocages as building blocks through genetic and chemical modification to rival the size and functionality of natural protein nanocages. This review outlines the recent advances in the field of the design and construction of artificial protein nanocages and their assemblies with higher order, summarizes the strategies for creating the assembly of protein nanocages from zero-dimension to three dimensions, and introduces their corresponding applications in the preparation of nanomaterials, electrochemistry, and drug delivery. The review will highlight the roles of both the inter-subunit/intermolecular interactions at the key interface and the protein symmetry in constructing and controlling protein nanocage assemblies with different dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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46
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Saif B, Yang P. Metal-Protein Hybrid Materials with Desired Functions and Potential Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1156-1177. [PMID: 35014472 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanohybrids are fast emerging functional nanomaterials with advanced structures, intriguing physicochemical properties, and a broad range of important applications in current nanoscience research. Significant efforts have been devoted toward design and develop versatile metal nanohybrid systems. Among numerous biological components, diverse proteins offer avenues for making advanced multifunctional systems with unusual properties, desired functions, and potential applications. This review discusses the rational design, properties, and applications of metal-protein nanohybrid materials fabricated from proteins and inorganic components. The construction of functional biomimetic nanohybrid materials is first briefly introduced. The properties and functions of these hybrid materials are then discussed. After that, an overview of promising application of biomimetic metal-protein nanohybrid materials is provided. Finally, the key challenges and outlooks related to this fascinating research area are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Saif
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P.R. China
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47
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Ramberg KO, Engilberge S, Skorek T, Crowley PB. Facile Fabrication of Protein-Macrocycle Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1896-1907. [PMID: 33470808 PMCID: PMC8154523 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Precisely defined protein aggregates,
as exemplified by crystals,
have applications in functional materials. Consequently, engineered
protein assembly is a rapidly growing field. Anionic calix[n]arenes
are useful scaffolds that can mold to cationic proteins and induce
oligomerization and assembly. Here, we describe protein-calixarene
composites obtained via cocrystallization of commercially available
sulfonato-calix[8]arene (sclx8) with the symmetric and “neutral” protein RSL. Cocrystallization
occurred across a wide range of conditions and protein charge states,
from pH 2.2–9.5, resulting in three crystal forms. Cationization
of the protein surface at pH ∼ 4 drives calixarene complexation
and yielded two types of porous frameworks with pore diameters >3
nm. Both types of framework provide evidence of protein encapsulation
by the calixarene. Calixarene-masked proteins act as nodes within
the frameworks, displaying octahedral-type coordination in one case.
The other framework formed millimeter-scale crystals within hours,
without the need for precipitants or specialized equipment. NMR experiments
revealed macrocycle-modulated side chain pKa values and suggested a mechanism for pH-triggered assembly.
The same low pH framework was generated at high pH with a permanently
cationic arginine-enriched RSL variant. Finally, in addition to protein
framework fabrication, sclx8 enables de novo structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiefer O Ramberg
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sylvain Engilberge
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.,Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Tomasz Skorek
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Peter B Crowley
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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48
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Construction of thermally robust and porous shrimp ferritin crystalline for molecular encapsulation through intermolecular arginine-arginine attractions. Food Chem 2021; 349:129089. [PMID: 33548881 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein colloid crystals are considered as high porous soft materials, presenting great potentials in nutrients and drug encapsulation, but protein crystal fabrication usually needs precipitant and high protein concentration. Herein, an easy implemented approach was reported for the construction of protein colloid crystals in diluted solution with shimp ferritin as building blocks by taking advantage of the strength of multiple intermolecular arginine-arginine interactions. The X-ray single-crystal structure reveals that a group of exquisite arginine-arginine interactions between two neighboring ferritin enable them self-assembly into long-range ordered protein soft materials. The arginine-arginine interactions mediate crystal generation favored at pH 9.5 with 200 mM NaCl, and the resulting colloid crystals exhibit high thermal stability (90 °C for 30 min). Importantly, the interglobular cavity in colloid crystals is three times larger in volume than that of intrinsic ferritin cavity in each unit cell, which can be used for molecular encapsulation.
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49
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Fu Y, Guan H, Yin J, Kong X. Probing molecular motions in metal-organic frameworks with solid-state NMR. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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50
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Gu C, Zhang T, Lv C, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhao G. His-Mediated Reversible Self-Assembly of Ferritin Nanocages through Two Different Switches for Encapsulation of Cargo Molecules. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17080-17090. [PMID: 33197176 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Protein nanocages represent a class of nanovehicles for a variety of applications. However, precise manipulation of self-assembly behavior of these protein nanocages in response to multiple external stimuli for custom-tailored applications remains challenging. Herein, we established a simple but effective strategy for controlling protein nanocage self-assembly that combines a dual property of His motifs (their significantly pH-dependent protonation state and their capacity to coordinate with transition metals) with its high symmetry. With this strategy, we enabled two different ferritin nanocages to disassemble into protein tetramers under neutral solution by introducing His6 motifs at the 4-fold channel interfaces. Notably, these tetramers are able to self-assemble into ferritin-like protein nanocages in response to multiple external stimuli such as transition metal ions and pH, and vice versa, indicative of a reversible self-assembly process. Furthermore, such His-mediated reversible protein self-assembly has been explored for encapsulation of bioactive cargo molecules within these reconstituted protein nanocages with higher loading efficiency under milder conditions as compared to the reported acid denaturation encapsulation method for ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunkai Gu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
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