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Recent advances in nanomedicines for imaging and therapy of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Control Release 2023; 353:563-590. [PMID: 36496052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is becoming a typical cardiovascular disease with increasing worldwide incidence. It is usually induced by the restoration of normal blood flow to the ischemic myocardium after a period of recanalization and directly leads to myocardial damage. Notably, the pathological mechanism of myocardial IRI is closely related to inflammation, oxidative stress, Ca2+ overload, and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore channels. Therefore, monitoring of these changes and imaging lesions is a key to timely clinical diagnosis. Nanomedicines have shown great value in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial IRI, with advantages including passive/active targeting, prolonged circulation, improved bioavailability, versatile carrier selection, and synergistic integration of different imaging and therapeutic agents in single particles with the same pharmaceutics. Because theranostic nanomedicines for myocardial IRI have advanced rapidly, we conduct an updated review on this topic. The special focus is on how to rationally design the nanomedicines to achieve optimal imaging and therapy. We hope this review would stimulate the interest of researchers with different backgrounds and expedite the development of nanomedicines for myocardial IRI.
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Wang Z, Dai W, Yu S, Hao Z, Pei R, De Moraes CG, Suh LH, Zhao X, Lin Q. Towards detection of biomarkers in the eye using an aptamer-based graphene affinity nanobiosensor. Talanta 2022; 250:123697. [PMID: 35752089 PMCID: PMC9637330 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We present an approach to enable the sensitive and specific detection of biomarkers in undiluted tears in the eye using an aptamer-based graphene affinity nanosensor. The nanosensor is a graphene field-effect transistor, in which a nucleic acid aptamer and a biomolecule-permeable polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanolayer are immobilized on the graphene surface. The aptamer is capable of specifically recognize the target biomarker and induce a change in the carrier concentration of the graphene, which is measured to determine the biomarker concentration. The PEG nanolayer minimizes nonspecific adsorption of background molecules in the sample that would otherwise interfere with the biomarker detection. Experimental results show that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), an inflammatory cytokine, can be sensitively and specifically detected in undiluted artificial tears with a limit of detection of 0.34 pM. This ability to detect and measure biomarkers in undiluted physiological fluids allows the nanosensor to be potentially used in applications where sample dilutions are not practical, such as wearable measurements of tear-borne biomarkers in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Shifeng Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Zhuang Hao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | | | - Leejee H Suh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xuezeng Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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Amen MT, Pham TTT, Cheah E, Tran DP, Thierry B. Metal-Oxide FET Biosensor for Point-of-Care Testing: Overview and Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227952. [PMID: 36432052 PMCID: PMC9698540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-oxide semiconducting materials are promising for building high-performance field-effect transistor (FET) based biochemical sensors. The existence of well-established top-down scalable manufacturing processes enables the reliable production of cost-effective yet high-performance sensors, two key considerations toward the translation of such devices in real-life applications. Metal-oxide semiconductor FET biochemical sensors are especially well-suited to the development of Point-of-Care testing (PoCT) devices, as illustrated by the rapidly growing body of reports in the field. Yet, metal-oxide semiconductor FET sensors remain confined to date, mainly in academia. Toward accelerating the real-life translation of this exciting technology, we review the current literature and discuss the critical features underpinning the successful development of metal-oxide semiconductor FET-based PoCT devices that meet the stringent performance, manufacturing, and regulatory requirements of PoCT.
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Subramanian A, Azimi M, Leong CY, Lee SL, Santato C, Cicoira F. Solution-Processed Titanium Dioxide Ion-Gated Transistors and Their Application for pH Sensing. FRONTIERS IN ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/felec.2022.813535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an abundant metal oxide, widely used in food industry, cosmetics, medicine, water treatment and electronic devices. TiO2 is of interest for next-generation indium-free thin-film transistors and ion-gated transistors due to its tunable optoelectronic properties, ambient stability, and solution processability. In this work, we fabricated TiO2 films using a wet chemical approach and demonstrated their transistor behavior with room temperature ionic liquids and aqueous electrolytes. In addition, we demonstrated the pH sensing behavior of the TiO2 IGTs with a sensitivity of ∼48 mV/pH. Furthermore, we demonstrated a low temperature (120°C), solution processed TiO2-based IGTs on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates, which were stable under moderate tensile bending.
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Chen M, Cui D, Zhao Z, Kang D, Li Z, Albawardi S, Alsageer S, Alamri F, Alhazmi A, Amer MR, Zhou C. Highly sensitive, scalable, and rapid SARS-CoV-2 biosensor based on In 2O 3 nanoribbon transistors and phosphatase. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:5510-5516. [PMID: 35371413 PMCID: PMC8959552 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Developing convenient and accurate SARS-CoV-2 antigen test and serology test is crucial in curbing the global COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we report an improved indium oxide (In2O3) nanoribbon field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor platform detecting both SARS-CoV-2 antigen and antibody. Our FET biosensors, which were fabricated using a scalable and cost-efficient lithography-free process utilizing shadow masks, consist of an In2O3 channel and a newly developed stable enzyme reporter. During the biosensing process, the phosphatase enzymatic reaction generated pH change of the solution, which was then detected and converted to electrical signal by our In2O3 FETs. The biosensors applied phosphatase as enzyme reporter, which has a much better stability than the widely used urease in FET based biosensors. As proof-of-principle studies, we demonstrate the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in both phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer and universal transport medium (UTM) (limit of detection [LoD]: 100 fg/mL). Following the SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests, we developed and characterized additional sensors aimed at SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, which is important to trace past infection and vaccination. Our spike protein IgG antibody tests exhibit excellent detection limits in both PBS and human whole blood ((LoD): 1 pg/mL). Our biosensors display similar detection performance in different mediums, demonstrating that our biosensor approach is not limited by Debye screening from salts and can selectively detect biomarkers in physiological fluids. The newly selected enzyme for our platform performs much better performance and longer shelf life which will lead our biosensor platform to be capable for real clinical diagnosis usage. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (materials and methods for device fabrication, functionalization of In2O3 devices, photographs of the liquid gate measurement setup, mobilities of the nine devices labeled in Fig. 1(b), family curves of I DS-V DS with the liquid gate setup and current change after bubbling the substrate solution (current vs. time curve for S1 antigen detection)) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4190-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Chen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
| | - Dingzhou Cui
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
| | - Di Kang
- eDNA Biotech, Pasadena, California 91107 USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
| | - Shahad Albawardi
- Center of Excellence for Green Nanotechnologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahla Alsageer
- Center of Excellence for Green Nanotechnologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alamri
- Center of Excellence for Green Nanotechnologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Alhazmi
- Center of Excellence for Green Nanotechnologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moh. R. Amer
- Center of Excellence for Green Nanotechnologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5412 Boelter Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 USA
| | - Chongwu Zhou
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 USA
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Hao Z, Luo Y, Huang C, Wang Z, Song G, Pan Y, Zhao X, Liu S. An Intelligent Graphene-Based Biosensing Device for Cytokine Storm Syndrome Biomarkers Detection in Human Biofluids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101508. [PMID: 34110682 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal elevated levels of cytokines such as interferon (IFN), interleukin (IL), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), are considered as one of the prognosis biomarkers for indicating the progression to severe or critical COVID-19. Hence, it is of great significance to develop devices for monitoring their levels in COVID-19 patients, and thus enabling detecting COVID-19 patients that are worsening and to treat them before they become critically ill. Here, an intelligent aptameric dual channel graphene-TWEEN 80 field effect transistor (DGTFET) biosensing device for on-site detection of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 within 7 min with limits of detection (LODs) of 476 × 10-15 , 608 × 10-15 , or 611 × 10-15 m respectively in biofluids is presented. Using the customized Android App together with this intelligent device, asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients can have a preliminary self-detection of cytokines and get a warning reminder while the condition starts to deteriorate. Also, the device can be fabricated on flexible substrates toward wearable applications for moderate or even critical COVID-19 cases for consistently monitoring cytokines under different deformations. Hence, the intelligent aptameric DGTFET biosensing device is promising to be used for point-of-care applications for monitoring conditions of COVID-19 patients who are in different situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Cong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Ziran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Guoli Song
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Yunlu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xuezeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
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Yang P, Rong H, Wu Z, Pei Y. Biosensor Based on In₂O₂ Electrolyte Gated Thin Film Transistor With Integrated On-Chip Gate Electrode. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2021; 20:287-290. [PMID: 33710957 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2021.3065725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, In2O3 electrolyte gated thin film transistors (In2O3-EGTFTs) with integrated on-chip gate electrode were investigated as a label-free biosensor. The In2O3 channel works as sensitive membrane and the on-chip gate electrode replaces reference electrode. The pH sensitivity of the device is 64 mV/pH with the deviation of 10 mV. The In2O3 channel was coated by streptavidin/neutravidin receptors to detect the target biomolecules of biotin. The streptavidin modified device presents an ultra-low working voltage ( [Formula: see text] V, [Formula: see text] mV) and the detection limit as low as 50 pg · mL -1 . And the neutravidin modified device presents apparent detecting performance even in low biotin concentration of 50 fg · mL -1 under a working voltage of [Formula: see text] V and [Formula: see text] mV. This work provides a high-performance biosensor device with low power consumption and simple structure that is easy to integrate and package.
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8
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Sedki M, Shen Y, Mulchandani A. Nano-FET-enabled biosensors: Materials perspective and recent advances in North America. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 176:112941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Wang Z, Hao Z, Yu S, Huang C, Pan Y, Zhao X. A Wearable and Deformable Graphene-Based Affinity Nanosensor for Monitoring of Cytokines in Biofluids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1503. [PMID: 32751815 PMCID: PMC7466379 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A wearable and deformable graphene-based field-effect transistor biosensor is presented that uses aptamer-modified graphene as the conducting channel, which is capable of the sensitive, consistent and time-resolved detection of cytokines in human biofluids. Based on an ultrathin substrate, the biosensor offers a high level of mechanical durability and consistent sensing responses, while conforming to non-planar surfaces such as the human body and withstanding large deformations (e.g., bending and stretching). Moreover, a nonionic surfactant is employed to minimize the nonspecific adsorption of the biosensor, hence enabling cytokine detection (TNF-α and IFN-γ, significant inflammatory cytokines, are used as representatives) in artificial tears (used as a biofluid representative). The experimental results demonstrate that the biosensor very consistently and sensitively detects TNF-α and IFN-γ, with limits of detection down to 2.75 and 2.89 pM, respectively. The biosensor, which undergoes large deformations, can thus potentially provide a consistent and sensitive detection of cytokines in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (C.H.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhuang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (C.H.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shifeng Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;
| | - Cong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (C.H.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yunlu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (C.H.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuezeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (C.H.); (Y.P.); (X.Z.)
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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Pham TTT, Tran DP, Thierry B. High performance indium oxide nanoribbon FETs: mitigating devices signal variation from batch fabrication. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4870-4877. [PMID: 36133115 PMCID: PMC9418870 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00592g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured field effect transistor (FET) based sensors have emerged as a powerful bioanalytical technology. However, performance variations across multiple devices and between fabrication batches inevitably exist and present a significant challenge holding back the translation of this cutting-edge technology. We report an optimized and cost-effective fabrication process for high-performance indium oxide nanoribbon FET with a steep subthreshold swing of 80 mV per decade. Through systematic electrical characterizations of 57 indium oxide nanoribbon FETs from different batches, we demonstrate an optimal operation point within the subthreshold regime that mitigates the issue of device-to-device performance variation. A non-linear pH sensing of the fabricated indium oxide nanoribbon FETs is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Thi Thanh Pham
- Future Industries Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Campus Mawson Lakes South Australia 5095 Australia
| | - Duy Phu Tran
- Future Industries Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Campus Mawson Lakes South Australia 5095 Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Future Industries Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Campus Mawson Lakes South Australia 5095 Australia
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11
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Wang Z, Hao Z, Yu S, De Moraes CG, Suh LH, Zhao X, Lin Q. An Ultraflexible and Stretchable Aptameric Graphene Nanosensor for Biomarker Detection and Monitoring. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1905202. [PMID: 33551711 PMCID: PMC7861488 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201905202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An ultraflexible and stretchable field-effect transistor nanosensor is presented that uses aptamer-functionalized monolayer graphene as the conducting channel. Specific binding of the aptamer with the target biomarker induces a change in the carrier concentration of the graphene, which is measured to determine the biomarker concentration. Based on a Mylar substrate that is only 2.5-μm thick, the nanosensor is capable of conforming to underlying surfaces (e.g., those of human tissue or skin) that undergo large bending, twisting, and stretching deformations. In experimental testing, the device is rolled on cylindrical surfaces with radii down to 40 μm, twisted by angles ranging from -180° to 180°, or stretched by extensions up to 125%. With these large deformations applied either cyclically or non-recurrently, the device is shown to incur no visible mechanical damage, maintain consistent electrical properties, and allow detection of TNF-α, an inflammatory cytokine biomarker, with consistently high selectivity and low limit of detection (down to 5 × 10-12M). The nanosensor can thus potentially enable consistent and reliable detection of liquid-borne biomarkers on human skin or tissue surfaces that undergo large mechanical deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zhuang Hao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shifeng Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Leejee H Suh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xuezeng Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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12
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The influence of geometry and other fundamental challenges for bio-sensing with field effect transistors. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:757-763. [PMID: 31588960 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a review of field effect transistors (FET) from the point of view of their applications to label-free sensing in the era of genomics and proteomics. Here, rather than a collection of Bio-FET achievements, we propose an analysis of the different issues hampering the use of these devices into clinical applications. We make a particular emphasis on the influence of the sensor geometry in the phenomena of mass transport of analytes, which is a topic that has been traditionally overlooked in the analysis and design of biosensors, but that plays a central role in the achievement of low limits of detection. Other issues like the screening of charges by the ions in liquids with physiological ionic strength and the non-specific binding are also reviewed. In conclusion, we give an overview of different solutions that have been proposed to address all these challenges, demonstrating the potential of field effect transistors owing to their ease of integration with other semiconductor components for developing cost-effective, highly multiplexed sensors for next-generation medicines.
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13
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Hubbe H, Mendes E, Boukany PE. Polymeric Nanowires for Diagnostic Applications. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10040225. [PMID: 30934898 PMCID: PMC6523414 DOI: 10.3390/mi10040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanowire-related research has shown considerable progress over the last decade. The wide variety of materials and the multitude of well-established chemical modifications have made polymer nanowires interesting as a functional part of a diagnostic biosensing device. This review provides an overview of relevant publications addressing the needs for a nanowire-based sensor for biomolecules. Working our way towards the detection methods itself, we review different nanowire fabrication methods and materials. Especially for an electrical signal read-out, the nanowire should persist in a single-wire configuration with well-defined positioning. Thus, the possibility of the alignment of nanowires is discussed. While some fabrication methods immanently yield an aligned single wire, other methods result in disordered structures and have to be manipulated into the desired configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Hubbe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Pouyan E Boukany
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
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14
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Morin TJ, McKenna WL, Shropshire TD, Wride DA, Deschamps JD, Liu X, Stamm R, Wang H, Dunbar WB. A handheld platform for target protein detection and quantification using disposable nanopore strips. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14834. [PMID: 30287843 PMCID: PMC6172217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accessible point-of-care technologies that can provide immunoassay and molecular modalities could dramatically enhance diagnostics, particularly for infectious disease control in low-resource settings. Solid-state nanopores are simple and durable sensors with low-energy instrumentation requirements. While nanopore sensors have demonstrated efficacy for nucleic acid targets, selective detection and quantification of target proteins from sample background has not been demonstrated. We present a simple approach for electronic detection and quantification of target proteins that combines novel biomolecular engineering methods, a portable reader device and disposable nanopore test strips. The target of interest can be varied by swapping the binding domain on our engineered detection reagent, which eficiently binds in the bulk-phase to the target and subsequently generates a unique signature when passing through the pore. We show modularity of the detection reagent for two HIV antibodies, TNFα and tetanus toxin as targets. A saliva swab-to-result is demonstrated for clinically relevant HIV antibody levels (0.4–20 mg/liter) in under 60 seconds. While other strip-like assays are qualitative, the presented method is quantitative and sets the stage for simultaneous immunoassay and molecular diagnostic functionality within a single portable platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xu Liu
- Two Pore Guys Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Hongyun Wang
- Two Pore Guys Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA.,Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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15
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Huang W, Hayward RC. Orthogonal Ambipolar Semiconductors with Inherently Multi-Dimensional Responses for the Discriminative Sensing of Chemical Vapors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33353-33359. [PMID: 30226738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous examples of field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors and chemical sensors with good sensitivity and selectivity have now been developed. However, effectively discriminating between analytes has required either the use of receptors that selectively bind specific analytes or the fabrication of an array of sensors with varying but nonspecific responses. Both approaches exhibit significant limitations. In the first case, it can be difficult to design sufficiently specific receptors for many compounds, whereas the number of receptors required scales with the number of analytes to be detected, making it impractical to recognize many different compounds. In the second case, existing approaches to FET sensor arrays are generally material-inefficient and provide modest sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate that orthogonal ambipolar semiconductors consisting of semiconducting p-type polymers and n-type small-molecule nanowires with perpendicular in-plane orientations provide a platform with high sensitivity and inherently multi-dimensional response. This allows for discrimination between even closely related derivatives such as aromatic isomers and n-alkyl alcohols varying in length by a single carbon atom resolution using only a single sensor element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Ryan C Hayward
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
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16
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Wang X, Li X, Wang S, Xiao Y. A Chiral Organic Field-Effect Transistor with a Cyclodextrin Modulated Copper Hexadecafluorophthalocyanine Semiconductive Layer as the Sensing Unit. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9264-9271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianggao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shirong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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17
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Ahmad R, Mahmoudi T, Ahn MS, Hahn YB. Recent advances in nanowires-based field-effect transistors for biological sensor applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 100:312-325. [PMID: 28942344 PMCID: PMC7126762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanowires (NWs)-based field-effect transistors (FETs) have attracted considerable interest to develop innovative biosensors using NWs of different materials (i.e. semiconductors, polymers, etc.). NWs-based FETs provide significant advantages over the other bulk or non-NWs nanomaterials-based FETs. As the building blocks for FET-based biosensors, one-dimensional NWs offer excellent surface-to-volume ratio and are more suitable and sensitive for sensing applications. During the past decade, FET-based biosensors are smartly designed and used due to their great specificity, sensitivity, and high selectivity. Additionally, they have the advantage of low weight, low cost of mass production, small size and compatible with commercial planar processes for large-scale circuitry. In this respect, we summarize the recent advances of NWs-based FET biosensors for different biomolecule detection i.e. glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, urea, hormone, proteins, nucleotide, biomarkers, etc. A comparative sensing performance, present challenges, and future prospects of NWs-based FET biosensors are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Ahmad
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tahmineh Mahmoudi
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sang Ahn
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Bong Hahn
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedaero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Measurement of Impedimetric Ratio of Blood Cells Using Microfluidic Chip with ZnO Nanowires. J Med Biol Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-017-0333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Chen Y, Ren R, Pu H, Guo X, Chang J, Zhou G, Mao S, Kron M, Chen J. Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Ebola Antigen. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10974. [PMID: 28887479 PMCID: PMC5591202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ebola virus transmits a highly contagious, frequently fatal human disease for which there is no specific antiviral treatment. Therefore, rapid, accurate, and early diagnosis of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is critical to public health containment efforts, particularly in developing countries where resources are few and EVD is endemic. We have developed a reduced graphene oxide-based field-effect transistor method for real-time detection of the Ebola virus antigen. This method uses the attractive semiconductor characteristics of graphene-based material, and instantaneously yields highly sensitive and specific detection of Ebola glycoprotein. The feasibility of this method for clinical application in point-of-care technology is evaluated using Ebola glycoprotein suspended in diluted PBS buffer, human serum, and plasma. These results demonstrate the successful fabrication of a promising field-effect transistor biosensor for EVD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials & Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Ren Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Haihui Pu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Xiaoru Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Jingbo Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Guihua Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Shun Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China
| | - Michael Kron
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Junhong Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
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20
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Liu Q, Aroonyadet N, Song Y, Wang X, Cao X, Liu Y, Cong S, Wu F, Thompson ME, Zhou C. Highly Sensitive and Quick Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction Biomarkers Using In 2O 3 Nanoribbon Biosensors Fabricated Using Shadow Masks. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10117-10125. [PMID: 27934084 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a scalable and facile lithography-free method for fabricating highly uniform and sensitive In2O3 nanoribbon biosensor arrays. Fabrication with shadow masks as the patterning method instead of conventional lithography provides low-cost, time-efficient, and high-throughput In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors without photoresist contamination. Combined with electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for signal amplification, the In2O3 nanoribbon biosensor arrays are optimized for early, quick, and quantitative detection of cardiac biomarkers in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are commonly associated with heart attack and heart failure and have been selected as the target biomarkers here. Our approach can detect label-free biomarkers for concentrations down to 1 pg/mL (cTnI), 0.1 ng/mL (CK-MB), and 10 pg/mL (BNP), all of which are much lower than clinically relevant cutoff concentrations. The sample collection to result time is only 45 min, and we have further demonstrated the reusability of the sensors. With the demonstrated sensitivity, quick turnaround time, and reusability, the In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors have shown great potential toward clinical tests for early and quick diagnosis of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhou Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Noppadol Aroonyadet
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Yan Song
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Xuan Cao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Yihang Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sen Cong
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Fanqi Wu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Mark E Thompson
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Chongwu Zhou
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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21
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. Electrochemical nanobiosensing in whole blood: Recent advances. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Maedler C, Kim D, Spanjaard RA, Hong M, Erramilli S, Mohanty P. Sensing of the Melanoma Biomarker TROY Using Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Maedler
- Department
of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Daniel Kim
- Department
of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Remco A. Spanjaard
- Femto Diagnostics, 53 Bay State
Road, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mi Hong
- Department
of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Shyamsunder Erramilli
- Department
of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8
St. Mary’s Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pritiraj Mohanty
- Department
of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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23
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Zeimpekis I, Sun K, Hu C, Ditshego NMJ, Thomas O, de Planque MRR, Chong HMH, Morgan H, Ashburn P. Dual-gate polysilicon nanoribbon biosensors enable high sensitivity detection of proteins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:165502. [PMID: 26954011 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/16/165502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the advantages of dual-gate polysilicon nanoribbon biosensors with a comprehensive evaluation of different measurement schemes for pH and protein sensing. In particular, we compare the detection of voltage and current changes when top- and bottom-gate bias is applied. Measurements of pH show that a large voltage shift of 491 mV pH(-1) is obtained in the subthreshold region when the top-gate is kept at a fixed potential and the bottom-gate is varied (voltage sweep). This is an improvement of 16 times over the 30 mV pH(-1) measured using a top-gate sweep with the bottom-gate at a fixed potential. A similar large voltage shift of 175 mV is obtained when the protein avidin is sensed using a bottom-gate sweep. This is an improvement of 20 times compared with the 8.8 mV achieved from a top-gate sweep. Current measurements using bottom-gate sweeps do not deliver the same signal amplification as when using bottom-gate sweeps to measure voltage shifts. Thus, for detecting a small signal change on protein binding, it is advantageous to employ a double-gate transistor and to measure a voltage shift using a bottom-gate sweep. For top-gate sweeps, the use of a dual-gate transistor enables the current sensitivity to be enhanced by applying a negative bias to the bottom-gate to reduce the carrier concentration in the nanoribbon. For pH measurements, the current sensitivity increases from 65% to 149% and for avidin sensing it increases from 1.4% to 2.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zeimpekis
- Zepler Institute, Electronics & Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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24
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The Assessment of the Readiness of Molecular Biomarker-Based Mobile Health Technologies for Healthcare Applications. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17854. [PMID: 26644316 PMCID: PMC4672303 DOI: 10.1038/srep17854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile health technologies to detect physiological and simple-analyte biomarkers have been explored for the improvement and cost-reduction of healthcare services, some of which have been endorsed by the US FDA. Advancements in the investigations of non-invasive and minimally-invasive molecular biomarkers and biomarker candidates and the development of portable biomarker detection technologies have fuelled great interests in these new technologies for mhealth applications. But apart from the development of more portable biomarker detection technologies, key questions need to be answered and resolved regarding to the relevance, coverage, and performance of these technologies and the big data management issues arising from their wide spread applications. In this work, we analyzed the newly emerging portable biomarker detection technologies, the 664 non-invasive molecular biomarkers and the 592 potential minimally-invasive blood molecular biomarkers, focusing on their detection capability, affordability, relevance, and coverage. Our analysis suggests that a substantial percentage of these biomarkers together with the new technologies can be potentially used for a variety of disease conditions in mhealth applications. We further propose a new strategy for reducing the workload in the processing and analysis of the big data arising from widespread use of mhealth products, and discuss potential issues of implementing this strategy.
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25
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Aroonyadet N, Wang X, Song Y, Chen H, Cote RJ, Thompson ME, Datar RH, Zhou C. Highly scalable, uniform, and sensitive biosensors based on top-down indium oxide nanoribbons and electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:1943-51. [PMID: 25636984 DOI: 10.1021/nl5047889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructure field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have shown great promise for ultra sensitive biomolecular detection. Top-down assembly of these sensors increases scalability and device uniformity but faces fabrication challenges in achieving the small dimensions needed for sensitivity. We report top-down fabricated indium oxide (In2O3) nanoribbon FET biosensors using highly scalable radio frequency (RF) sputtering to create uniform channel thicknesses ranging from 50 to 10 nm. We combine this scalable sensing platform with amplification from electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to achieve high sensitivity to target analytes such as streptavidin and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 proteins. Our approach circumvents Debye screening in ionic solutions and detects p24 protein at 20 fg/mL (about 250 viruses/mL or about 3 orders of magnitude lower than commercial ELISA) with a 35% conduction change in human serum. The In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors have 100% device yield and use a simple 2 mask photolithography process. The electrical properties of 50 In2O3 nanoribbon FETs showed good uniformity in on-state current, on/off current ratio, mobility, and threshold voltage. In addition, the sensors show excellent pH sensitivity over a broad range (pH 4 to 9) as well as over the physiological-related pH range (pH 6.8 to 8.2). With the demonstrated sensitivity, scalability, and uniformity, the In2O3 nanoribbon sensor platform makes great progress toward clinical testing, such as for early diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppadol Aroonyadet
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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26
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Sun SH, Lee MJ, Lee YH, Lee W, Song X, Chen CY. Immunoassays for the cancer biomarker CA125 based on a large-birefringence nematic liquid-crystal mixture. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:245-56. [PMID: 25657889 PMCID: PMC4317129 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of fluorescence is ubiquitously found in the detection of immunoreaction; though with good sensitivity, this technique requires labeling as well as other time-consuming steps to perform the measurement. An alternative approach involving liquid crystals (LCs) was proposed, based on the fact that an immunocomplex can disturb the orientation of LCs, leading to an optical texture different from the case when only antigen or antibody exists. This method is label-free, easy to manipulate and low-cost. However, its sensitivity was low for practical usage. In this study, we adopted a high-birefringence liquid crystal (LC) to enhance the sensitivity for the immunodetection. Experiments were performed, targeting at the cancer biomarker CA125. We showed that the larger birefringence (Δn = 0.33 at 20 °C) amplifies the detected signal and, in turn, dramatically improves the detection limit. To avoid signal loss from conventional rinsing steps in immunodetection, CA125 antigen and antibody were reacted before immobilized on substrates. We studied the specific binding events and obtained a detection limit as low as 1 ng/ml. The valid temperature ranges were compared by using the typical single-compound LC 5CB and the high-birefringence LC mixture. We further investigated time dependency of the optical textures and affirmed the capability of LC-based immunodetection in distinguishing between specific and nonspecific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Sun
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Guiren Dist., Tainan 71150,
Taiwan
| | - Mon-Juan Lee
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chang Jung Christian University, Guiren Dist., Tainan 71101,
Taiwan
- (M.-J. Lee)
| | - Yun-Han Lee
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Guiren Dist., Tainan 71150,
Taiwan
| | - Wei Lee
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Guiren Dist., Tainan 71150,
Taiwan
- (W. Lee)
| | - Xiaolong Song
- Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210014,
China
| | - Chao-Yuan Chen
- Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210014,
China
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27
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Abstract
We provide an overview covering the existing challenges and latest developments in achieving high selectivity and sensitivity cancer-biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
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28
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Chartuprayoon N, Zhang M, Bosze W, Choa YH, Myung NV. One-dimensional nanostructures based bio-detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 63:432-443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Huang W, Diallo AK, Dailey JL, Besar K, Katz HE. Electrochemical processes and mechanistic aspects of field-effect sensors for biomolecules. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2015; 3:6445-6470. [PMID: 29238595 PMCID: PMC5724786 DOI: 10.1039/c5tc00755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Electronic biosensing is a leading technology for determining concentrations of biomolecules. In some cases, the presence of an analyte molecule induces a measured change in current flow, while in other cases, a new potential difference is established. In the particular case of a field effect biosensor, the potential difference is monitored as a change in conductance elsewhere in the device, such as across a film of an underlying semiconductor. Often, the mechanisms that lead to these responses are not specifically determined. Because improved understanding of these mechanisms will lead to improved performance, it is important to highlight those studies where various mechanistic possibilities are investigated. This review explores a range of possible mechanistic contributions to field-effect biosensor signals. First, we define the field-effect biosensor and the chemical interactions that lead to the field effect, followed by a section on theoretical and mechanistic background. We then discuss materials used in field-effect biosensors and approaches to improving signals from field-effect biosensors. We specifically cover the biomolecule interactions that produce local electric fields, structures and processes at interfaces between bioanalyte solutions and electronic materials, semiconductors used in biochemical sensors, dielectric layers used in top-gated sensors, and mechanisms for converting the surface voltage change to higher signal/noise outputs in circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 206 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abdou Karim Diallo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 206 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer L Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 206 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kalpana Besar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 206 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 206 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA
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30
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Duan X, Rajan NK, Izadi MH, Reed MA. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor-compatible silicon nanowire biofield-effect transistors as affinity biosensors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 8:1839-51. [PMID: 24156488 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Affinity biosensors use biorecognition elements and transducers to convert a biochemical event into a recordable signal. They provides the molecule binding information, which includes the dynamics of biomolecular association and dissociation, and the equilibrium association constant. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor-compatible silicon (Si) nanowires configured as a field-effect transistor (NW FET) have shown significant advantages for real-time, label-free and highly sensitive detection of a wide range of biomolecules. Most research has focused on reducing the detection limit of Si-NW FETs but has provided less information about the real binding parameters of the biomolecular interactions. Recently, Si-NW FETs have been demonstrated as affinity biosensors to quantify biomolecular binding affinities and kinetics. They open new applications for NW FETs in the nanomedicine field and will bring such sensor technology a step closer to commercial point-of-care applications. This article summarizes the recent advances in bioaffinity measurement using Si-NW FETs, with an emphasis on the different approaches used to address the issues of sensor calibration, regeneration, binding kinetic measurements, limit of detection, sensor surface modification, biomolecule charge screening, reference electrode integration and nonspecific molecular binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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31
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Medical devices early assessment methods: systematic literature review. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2014; 30:137-46. [PMID: 24805836 DOI: 10.1017/s0266462314000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to get an overview of current theory and practice in early assessments of medical devices, and to identify aims and uses of early assessment methods used in practice. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted in September 2013, using computerized databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus), and references list search. Selected articles were categorized based on their type, objective, and main target audience. The methods used in the application studies were extracted and mapped throughout the early stages of development and for their particular aims. RESULTS Of 1,961 articles identified, eighty-three studies passed the inclusion criteria, and thirty were included by searching reference lists. There were thirty-one theoretical papers, and eighty-two application papers included. Most studies investigated potential applications/possible improvement of medical devices, developed early assessment framework or included stakeholder perspective in early development stages. Among multiple qualitative and quantitative methods identified, only few were used more than once. The methods aim to inform strategic considerations (e.g., literature review), economic evaluation (e.g., cost-effectiveness analysis), and clinical effectiveness (e.g., clinical trials). Medical devices were often in the prototype product development stage, and the results were usually aimed at informing manufacturers. CONCLUSIONS This study showed converging aims yet widely diverging methods for early assessment during medical device development. For early assessment to become an integral part of activities in the development of medical devices, methods need to be clarified and standardized, and the aims and value of assessment itself must be demonstrated to the main stakeholders for assuring effective and efficient medical device development.
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Mu B, Zhang J, McNicholas TP, Reuel NF, Kruss S, Strano MS. Recent advances in molecular recognition based on nanoengineered platforms. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:979-88. [PMID: 24467652 DOI: 10.1021/ar400162w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles and nanoengineered platforms have great potential for technologies involving biomoleuclar detection or cell-related biosensing, and have provided effective chemical interfaces for molecular recognition. Typically, chemists work on the modification of synthetic polymers or macromolecules, which they link to the nanoparticles by covalent or noncovalent approaches. The motivation for chemical modification is to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity, and to improve the biocompatibility for the in vivo applications. In this Account, we present recent advances in the development and application of chemical interfaces for molecular recognition for nanoparticles and nanoengineered platforms, in particular single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We discuss emerging approaches for recognizing small molecules, glycosylated proteins, and serum biomarkers. For example, we compare and discuss detection methods for ATP, NO, H2O2, and monosaccharides for recent nanomaterials. Fluorometric detection appears to have great potential for quantifying concentration gradients and determining their location in living cells. For macromolecular detection, new methods for glycoprofiling using such interfaces appear promising, and benefit specifically from the potential elimination of cumbersome labeling and liberation steps during conventional analysis of glycans, augmenting the currently used mass spectrometry (MS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and liquid chromatography (LC) methods. In particular, we demonstrated the great potential of fluorescent SWNTs for glycan-lectin interactions sensing. In this case, SWNTs are noncovalently functionalized to introduce a chelated nickel group. This group provides a docking site for the His-tagged lectin and acts as the signal modulator. As the nickel proximity to the SWNT surface changes, the fluorescent signal is increased or attenuated. When a free glycan or glycosylated probe interacts with the lectin, the signal increases and they are able to obtain loading curves similar to surface plasmon resonance measurements. They demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of this platform with two higher-affined glycan-lectin pairs: fucose (Fuc) to PA-IIL and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to GafD. Lastly, we discuss how developments in protein biomarker detection in general are benefiting specifically from label-free molecular recognition. Electrical field effect transistors, chemi-resistive and fluorometric nanosensors based on various nanomaterials have demonstrated substantial progress in recent years in addressing this challenging problem. In this Account, we compare the balance between sensitivity, selectivity, and nonspecific adsorption for various applications. In particular, our group has utilized SWNTs as fluorescence sensors for label-free protein-protein interaction measurements. In this assay, we have encapsulated each nanotube in a biocompatible polymer, chitosan, which has been further modified to conjugate nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) groups. After Ni(2+) chelation, NTA Ni(2+) complexes bind to his-tagged proteins, resulting in a local environment change of the SWNT array, leading to optical fluorescence modulation with detection limit down to 100 nM. We have further engineered the platform to monitor single protein binding events, with an even lower detection limit down to 10 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas P. McNicholas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nigel F. Reuel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Mehrabani S, Maker AJ, Armani AM. Hybrid integrated label-free chemical and biological sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:5890-928. [PMID: 24675757 PMCID: PMC4029679 DOI: 10.3390/s140405890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Label-free sensors based on electrical, mechanical and optical transduction methods have potential applications in numerous areas of society, ranging from healthcare to environmental monitoring. Initial research in the field focused on the development and optimization of various sensor platforms fabricated from a single material system, such as fiber-based optical sensors and silicon nanowire-based electrical sensors. However, more recent research efforts have explored designing sensors fabricated from multiple materials. For example, synthetic materials and/or biomaterials can also be added to the sensor to improve its response toward analytes of interest. By leveraging the properties of the different material systems, these hybrid sensing devices can have significantly improved performance over their single-material counterparts (better sensitivity, specificity, signal to noise, and/or detection limits). This review will briefly discuss some of the methods for creating these multi-material sensor platforms and the advances enabled by this design approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Mehrabani
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Ashley J Maker
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Andrea M Armani
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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34
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Lim JH, Park J, Oh EH, Ko HJ, Hong S, Park TH. Nanovesicle-based bioelectronic nose for the diagnosis of lung cancer from human blood. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:360-6. [PMID: 23868879 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A human nose-mimetic diagnosis system that can distinguish the odor of a lung cancer biomarker, heptanal, from human blood is presented. Selective recognition of the biomarker is mimicked in the human olfactory system. A specific olfactory receptor recognizing the chemical biomarker is first selected through screening a library of human olfactory receptors (hORs). The selected hOR is expressed on the membrane of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells. Nanovesicles containing the hOR on the membrane are produced from these cells, and are then used for the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes. This strategy allows the development of a sensitive and selective nanovesicle-based bioelectronic nose (NvBN). The NvBN is able to selectively detect heptanal at a concentration as low as 1 × 10(-14) m, a sufficient level to distinguish the blood of a lung cancer patient from the blood of a healthy person. In actual experiments, NvBN could detect an extremely small increase in the amount of heptanal from human blood plasma without any pretreatment processes. This result offers a rapid and easy method to analyze chemical biomarkers from human blood in real-time and to diagnose lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Lim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Juhun Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Eun Hae Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Hwi Jin Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Seunghun Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
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35
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McCarroll J, Teo J, Boyer C, Goldstein D, Kavallaris M, Phillips PA. Potential applications of nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Front Physiol 2014; 5:2. [PMID: 24478715 PMCID: PMC3900771 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in our understanding of pancreatic cancer and the emerging concept of personalized medicine for the treatment of this disease, it is still the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the western world. It is established that pancreatic cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease with a complex tumor microenvironment. Indeed the extensive stroma surrounding the cancer cells has been shown to be important in promoting tumor growth and metastases, as well as sequestering chemotherapeutic agents consequently decreasing delivery to the tumor cells. Nanotechnology has come to the forefront in the areas of medical diagnostics, imaging, and therapeutic drug delivery. This review will focus on the potential applications of nanotechnology for diagnosis, imaging, and delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua McCarroll
- Tumor Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joann Teo
- Tumor Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Panceatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Panceatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Tumor Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute Australia, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phoebe A Phillips
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Panceatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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36
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Zhu YP, Ma TY, Liu YL, Ren TZ, Yuan ZY. Metal phosphonate hybrid materials: from densely layered to hierarchically nanoporous structures. Inorg Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qi00011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic–organic metal phosphonate hybrid materials with great diversity in structure and properties exhibit application potential in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Pei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tian-Yi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ya-Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tie-Zhen Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhong-Yong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, China
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37
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Kruss S, Hilmer AJ, Zhang J, Reuel NF, Mu B, Strano MS. Carbon nanotubes as optical biomedical sensors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1933-50. [PMID: 23906934 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are important tools in biomedical research. Moreover, they are becoming an essential part of modern healthcare. In the future, biosensor development will become even more crucial due to the demand for personalized-medicine, point-of care devices and cheaper diagnostic tools. Substantial advances in sensor technology are often fueled by the advent of new materials. Therefore, nanomaterials have motivated a large body of research and such materials have been implemented into biosensor devices. Among these new materials carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are especially promising building blocks for biosensors due to their unique electronic and optical properties. Carbon nanotubes are rolled-up cylinders of carbon monolayers (graphene). They can be chemically modified in such a way that biologically relevant molecules can be detected with high sensitivity and selectivity. In this review article we will discuss how carbon nanotubes can be used to create biosensors. We review the latest advancements of optical carbon nanotube based biosensors with a special focus on near-infrared (NIR)-fluorescence, Raman-scattering and fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kruss
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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38
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Rostgaard KR, Frederiksen RS, Liu YCC, Berthing T, Madsen MH, Holm J, Nygård J, Martinez KL. Vertical nanowire arrays as a versatile platform for protein detection and analysis. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10226-35. [PMID: 24062006 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03113f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein microarrays are valuable tools for protein assays. Reducing spot sizes from micro- to nano-scale facilitates miniaturization of platforms and consequently decreased material consumption, but faces inherent challenges in the reduction of fluorescent signals and compatibility with complex solutions. Here we show that vertical arrays of nanowires (NWs) can overcome several bottlenecks of using nanoarrays for extraction and analysis of proteins. The high aspect ratio of the NWs results in a large surface area available for protein immobilization and renders passivation of the surface between the NWs unnecessary. Fluorescence detection of proteins allows quantitative measurements and spatial resolution, enabling us to track individual NWs through several analytical steps, thereby allowing multiplexed detection of different proteins immobilized on different regions of the NW array. We use NW arrays for on-chip extraction, detection and functional analysis of proteins on a nano-scale platform that holds great promise for performing protein analysis on minute amounts of material. The demonstration made here on highly ordered arrays of indium arsenide (InAs) NWs is generic and can be extended to many high aspect ratio nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine R Rostgaard
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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39
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Guo Z, Chen X, Liu JH, Huang XJ. Transport phenomena and conduction mechanism of individual cross-junction SnO₂ nanobelts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2678-2683. [PMID: 23508992 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Guo
- Research Center for Biomimetic Functional, Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China
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40
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Huang YW, Wu CS, Chuang CK, Pang ST, Pan TM, Yang YS, Ko FH. Real-Time and Label-Free Detection of the Prostate-Specific Antigen in Human Serum by a Polycrystalline Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7912-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401610s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Huang
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Chiao-Tung University,
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shu Wu
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Chiao-Tung University,
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Keng Chuang
- Division
of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - See-Tong Pang
- Division
of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ming Pan
- Department
of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shyong Yang
- Department of Biological Science
and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsiang Ko
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Chiao-Tung University,
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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41
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Abstract
We provide a state-of-the-art review of the main strategies for the enhancement of analytical performance of sensors using nanomaterials, particularly nanowires and carbon-based materials. We emphasize the way to overcome the problem of device-to-device variation. We discuss the study of the influence of nanomaterial characteristics, sensor dimensions and operational conditions on sensing performance, and the application of appropriate calibration models.
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42
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Duan X, Rajan NK, Routenberg DA, Huskens J, Reed MA. Regenerative electronic biosensors using supramolecular approaches. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4014-4021. [PMID: 23566420 PMCID: PMC3665757 DOI: 10.1021/nn306034f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular interface for Si nanowire FETs has been developed with the aim of creating regenerative electronic biosensors. The key to the approach is Si-NWs functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), to which receptor moieties can be attached with an orthogonal supramolecular linker. Here we demonstrate full recycling using the strongest biomolecular system known, streptavidin (SAv)-biotin. The bound SAv and the linkers can be selectively removed from the surface through competitive desorption with concentrated β-CD, regenerating the sensor for repeated use. An added advantage of β-CD is the possibility of stereoselective sensors, and we demonstrate here the ability to quantify the enantiomeric composition of chiral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Duan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Nitin K. Rajan
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - David A. Routenberg
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. Reed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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43
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Lloret N, Frederiksen RS, Møller TC, Rieben NI, Upadhyay S, De Vico L, Jensen JH, Nygård J, Martinez KL. Effects of buffer composition and dilution on nanowire field-effect biosensors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:035501. [PMID: 23263553 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/3/035501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire-based field-effect transistors (FETs) can be used as ultra-sensitive and label-free biosensors for detecting protein-protein interactions. A way to increase the performance of such sensors is to dilute the sensing buffer drastically. However, we show here that this can have an important effect on the function of the proteins. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this dilution significantly affects the pH stability of the sensing buffer, which consequently impacts the charge of the protein and thus the response and signal-to-noise ratio in the sensing experiments. Three model systems are investigated experimentally to illustrate the impact on ligand-protein and protein-protein interactions. Simulations are performed to illustrate the effect on the performance of the sensors. Combining various parameters, the current study provides a means for evaluating and selecting the most appropriate buffer composition for bioFET measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Lloret
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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44
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Luo X, Davis JJ. Electrical biosensors and the label free detection of protein disease biomarkers. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5944-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Bragazzi NL. From P0 to P6 medicine, a model of highly participatory, narrative, interactive, and "augmented" medicine: some considerations on Salvatore Iaconesi's clinical story. Patient Prefer Adherence 2013; 7:353-9. [PMID: 23650443 PMCID: PMC3640773 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s38578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvatore Iaconesi was recently diagnosed with a brain tumor. He decided to share his clinical records not only with doctors but with everybody who wishes to find him a cure. "Because cure is not unique," he emphasizes "there are cures for the body and cures for the soul, and everyone, from a painter to a musician, can find me a cure. Please, feel free to take my clinical history for example and let it become a game, a video, a music, a picture, whatever you like." The emblematic hallmark of the changing times, Salvatore Iaconesi's case is an example of how many profound revolutions and steps medicine has undertaken during the past few centuries. Stemming from a form of remote medical paternalism and arriving at the concept of a therapeutic alliance, medicine nowadays faces challenges and opportunities at a level before unforeseeable and unimaginable. The new concept of P6 medicine (personalized, predictive, preventive, participatory, psychocognitive, and public) is discussed, together with its profound implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Correspondence: Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Via Antonio Pastore1, 16132, Genoa, Italy, Tel +39 010 353 7664, Fax +39 010 353 7669, Email ;
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46
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Guerrero G, Alauzun JG, Granier M, Laurencin D, Mutin PH. Phosphonate coupling molecules for the control of surface/interface properties and the synthesis of nanomaterials. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:12569-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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47
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BioFET-SIM web interface: implementation and two applications. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45379. [PMID: 23056201 PMCID: PMC3466287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a web interface which allows us to conveniently set up calculations based on the BioFET-SIM model. With the interface, the signal of a BioFET sensor can be calculated depending on its parameters, as well as the signal dependence on pH. As an illustration, two case studies are presented. In the first case, a generic peptide with opposite charges on both ends is inverted in orientation on a semiconducting nanowire surface leading to a corresponding change in sign of the computed sensitivity of the device. In the second case, the binding of an antibody/antigen complex on the nanowire surface is studied in terms of orientation and analyte/nanowire surface distance. We demonstrate how the BioFET-SIM web interface can aid in the understanding of experimental data and postulate alternative ways of antibody/antigen orientation on the nanowire surface.
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48
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Joo J, Kwon D, Yim C, Jeon S. Highly sensitive diagnostic assay for the detection of protein biomarkers using microresonators and multifunctional nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2012; 6:4375-4381. [PMID: 22515817 DOI: 10.1021/nn301071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel gravimetric immunoassay for sensitive detection of multiple protein biomarkers using silicon microcantilever arrays and multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles. Magnetic-photocatalytic hybrid nanoparticles with a highly crystalline TiO(2) shell were synthesized using a solvothermal reaction without a calcination process. After functionalizing the hybrid nanoparticles and silicon cantilevers with antibodies, the nanoparticles were used to magnetically separate target biomarkers from human serum. Frequency changes of the microcantilevers due to the binding of the nanoparticles were measured using a dip-and-dry method. Frequency changes were further amplified using a photocatalytic silver reduction reaction. Several biomarkers, including interleukin-6, interferon-γ, and alpha-fetoprotein, were selectively detected using arrays of eight silicon microcantilevers. The detection limit of this assay was ∼0.1 pg/mL, which is superior to the clinical threshold of the biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmyoung Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
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49
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Wu L, Wang J, Feng L, Ren J, Wei W, Qu X. Label-free ultrasensitive detection of human telomerase activity using porphyrin-functionalized graphene and electrochemiluminescence technique. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:2447-2452. [PMID: 22488983 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using porphyrin-functionalized graphene, we construct a PCR-free, low-cost, rapid, and electrochemiluminenscence (ECL) assay for detection of telomerase activity that has been demonstrated in six different cell lines and can be used as initial screening of G-quadruplex DNA binding agents and telomerase inhibitors. This ECL sensor shows highly sensitive for detection of telomerase with the detection limit as low as 10 HeLa cells mL(-1) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Huang H, Liang B, Liu Z, Wang X, Chen D, Shen G. Metal oxide nanowire transistors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm31679j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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