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Nam JH, Nayak G, Exarhos S, Mueller CM, Xu D, Schatz GC, Bruggeman PJ. Mechanisms of controlled stabilizer-free synthesis of gold nanoparticles in liquid aerosol containing plasma. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11643-11656. [PMID: 39055030 PMCID: PMC11268499 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between low-temperature plasma and liquid enables highly reactive solution phase chemistry and fast reaction kinetics. In this work, we demonstrate the rapid synthesis of stabilizer-free, spherical and crystalline gold nanoparticles (AuNP). More than 70% of gold ion complex (AuCl- 4) conversion is achieved within a droplet residence time in the plasma of ∼10 ms. The average size of the AuNPs increases with an increase in the droplet residence time and the particle synthesis showed a power threshold effect suggesting the applicability of the classical nucleation theory. Leveraging UV-vis absorption and emission spectroscopy, and nanoparticle size distributions obtained from TEM measurements, we showed that the AuCl- 4 conversion exceeded by 250 times the maximum faradaic efficiency. We identified important roles of both short-lived reducing species including solvated electrons and possibly vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons, and long-lived species, H2O2, in the reduction of AuCl- 4. A quantitative investigation was performed by a 1-D reaction-diffusion model which includes transport, plasma-enabled interfacial reduction of AuCl- 4, classical nucleation, monomer absorption and autocatalytic surface growth enabled by H2O2. The model shows good agreement with the experimental results. The timescale analysis of the simulation revealed that nucleation is enabled by fast reduction of gold ions, and autocatalytic growth mainly determines the particle size and is responsible for the majority of the ion precursor conversion while also explaining the excessively large faradaic efficiency found experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN-55455 USA
| | - Gaurav Nayak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN-55455 USA
| | - Stephen Exarhos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN-55455 USA
| | - Chelsea M Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL-60208 USA
| | - Dongxuan Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN-55455 USA
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL-60208 USA
| | - Peter J Bruggeman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN-55455 USA
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2
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Sakuma F, Higashi K, Ueda K, Morita T, Iohara D, Hirayama F, Moribe K. Effect of Acetaminophen on Poloxamer 407 Micelles and Hydrogels: The Relationship between Structural and Physical Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39012334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Poloxamer hydrogel possesses thermosensitive sol-gel transition characteristics and is widely used as a drug-controlled-release carrier for topical or injectable formulations. In this study, the effect of loading of a drug, acetaminophen (ACE), on the physical and structural properties of poloxamer 407 (P407) micelles and hydrogels was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements revealed that ACE reduced the critical micelle temperature and enthalpy of micellization of P407 solutions. The P407 micellization was promoted by ACE incorporation. Rheometry showed that ACE increased the sol-gel transition temperature and reduced the gel strength of P407. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) using synchrotron radiation revealed that ACE altered the structure of P407 micelles and their packing in the P407 gels. As ACE concentration increased, the P407 micelle packing changed from a face-centered cubic phase to a body-centered cubic phase. Furthermore, ACE disordered the micelle packing structure and induced the formation of an amorphous phase. Structural analysis of the P407 micelle packing indicated that ACE reduced the aggregation number (Nagg) of P407 micelles in the gels. The SAXS study for diluted P407 solutions revealed that ACE reduced the P407 micelle size and its uniformity. The structural changes in P407 micelles by ACE loading (e.g., the reduction of Nagg, size, and size uniformity) would alter the micelle packing structure. It was found that these structural changes of micelle packing, especially the formation of an amorphous phase, could destabilize the P407 gel. As a result, the physical properties of P407 gels, such as gelation temperature and gel strength, were changed. This relationship between the structure and physical property of drug-loaded P407 gels was well-explained by correlating the micelle and gel structures. The mechanistic understanding of the change in the physical properties of P407 gels by drug loading is essential for the effective development of poloxamer gel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumie Sakuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenjirou Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morita
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Iohara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1, Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Hirayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1, Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Mo F, Lin C, Lu J, Sun D. Integrating Artificial DNAzymes with Natural Enzymes on 2D MOF Hybrid Nanozymes for Enhanced Treatment of Bacteria-Infected Wounds. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307256. [PMID: 38018326 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Removal of invasive bacteria is critical for proper wound healing. This task is challenging because these bacteria can trigger intense oxidative stress and gradually develop antibiotic resistance. Here, the use of a multienzyme-integrated nanocatalytic platform is reported for efficient bacterial clearance and mitigation of inflammatory responses, constructed by physically adsorbing natural superoxide dismutase (SOD), in situ reduction of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), and incorporation of a DNAzyme on 2D NiCoCu metal-organic frameworks (DNAzyme/SOD/Au@NiCoCu MOFs, termed DSAM), which can adapt to infected wounds. O2 and H2O2 replenishment is achieved and alleviated the hypoxic microenvironment using the antioxidant properties of SOD. The H2O2 produced during the reaction is decomposed by peroxidase (POD)-like activity enhanced by Au NPs and DNAzyme, releasing highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to kill the bacteria. In addition, it possesses glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity, which depletes GSH and prevents •OH loss. Systematic antimicrobial tests are performed against bacteria using this multienzyme-integrated nanoplatform. A dual-mode strategy involving natural enzyme-enhanced antioxidant capacity and artificial enzyme-enhanced •OH release to develop an efficient and novel enzyme-integrated therapeutic platform is integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, China
| | - Chuyan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Duanping Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, China
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4
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Derelli D, Frank K, Grote L, Mancini F, Dippel AC, Gutowski O, Nickel B, Koziej D. Direct Synthesis of CuPd Icosahedra Supercrystals Studied by In Situ X-Ray Scattering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311714. [PMID: 38501853 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanocrystal self-assembly into supercrystals provides a versatile platform for creating novel materials and devices with tailored properties. While common self-assembly strategies imply the use of purified nanoparticles after synthesis, conversion of chemical precursors directly into nanocrystals and then supercrystals in simple procedures has been rarely reported. Here, the nucleation and growth of CuPd icosahedra and their consecutive assembly into large closed-packed face-centered cubic (fcc) supercrystals are studied. To this end, the study simultaneously and in situ measures X-ray total scattering with pair distribution function analysis (TS-PDF) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). It is found that the supercrystals' formation is preceded by an intermediate dense phase of nanocrystals displaying short-range order (SRO). It is further shown that the organization of oleic acid/oleylamine surfactants into lamellar structures likely drives the emergence of the SRO phase and later of the supercrystals by reducing the volume accessible to particle diffusion. The supercrystals' formation as well as their disassembly are triggered by temperature. The study demonstrates that ordering of solvent molecules can be crucial in the direct synthesis of supercrystals. The study also provides a general approach to investigate novel preparation routes of supercrystals in situ and across several length scales via X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Derelli
- Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, University of Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kilian Frank
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Grote
- Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, University of Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Federica Mancini
- Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, University of Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Current affiliation: National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, CNR - ISSMC (former ISTEC), 64 I-48018, Via Granarolo, FAENZA (RA), Italy
| | | | - Olof Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bert Nickel
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Dorota Koziej
- Institute for Nanostructure and Solid-State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, University of Hamburg, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Traoré NE, Spruck C, Uihlein A, Pflug L, Peukert W. Targeted color design of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:1392-1408. [PMID: 38419873 PMCID: PMC10898422 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00856h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This research article focuses on the targeted color design of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles (NPs), employing a multivariate optimization approach. NP synthesis involves interconnected process parameters, making independent variation challenging. Data-based property-process relationships are established to optimize optical properties effectively. We define a color target, employ a green chemical co-reduction method at room temperature and optimize process parameters accordingly. The CIEL*a*b* color space (Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage - International Commission on Illumination) and Euclidean distances facilitate accurate color matching to establish the property-process relationship. Concurrently, theoretical Mie calculations explore the structure-property relationship across particle sizes, concentrations, and molar gold contents. The theoretically optimal structure agrees very well with experimental particle structures at the property-process relationship's optimum. The data-driven property-process relationship provides valuable insights into the formation mechanism of a complex particle system, sheds light on the role of relevant process parameters and allows to evaluate the practically available property space. Model validation beyond the original grid demonstrates its robustness, yielding colors close to the target. Additionally, Design of Experiments (DoE) methods reduce experimental work by threefold with slight accuracy trade-offs. Our novel methodology for targeted color design demonstrates how data-based methods can be utilized alongside structure-property relationships to unravel property-process relationships in the design of complex nanoparticle systems and paves the way for future developments in targeted property design.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Traoré
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - C Spruck
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - A Uihlein
- Department of Mathematics, Chair of Applied Mathematics (Continuous Optimization), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 11 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - L Pflug
- FAU Competence Unit for Scientific Computing (FAU CSC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit, ä, t Erlangen-N, ü, rnberg Martensstraße 5a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Hildebrandt J, Taubert A, Thünemann AF. Synthesis and Characterization of Ultra-Small Gold Nanoparticles in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Dicyanamide, [Emim][DCA]. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300106. [PMID: 37650312 PMCID: PMC10853075 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on gold clusters with around 62 gold atoms and a diameter of 1.15±0.10 nm. Dispersions of the clusters are long-term stable for two years at ambient conditions. The synthesis was performed by mixing tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4 ⋅ 3 H2 O) with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([Emim][DCA]) at temperatures of 20 to 80 °C. Characterization was performed with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A three-stage model is proposed for the formation of the clusters, in which cluster growth from gold nuclei takes place according to the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) model followed by oriented attachment to form colloidal stable clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Hildebrandt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Potsdam14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Potsdam14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Andreas F. Thünemann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany
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7
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Qi D, Lukić MJ, Lu H, Gebauer D, Bonn M. Role of Water during the Early Stages of Iron Oxyhydroxide Formation by a Bacterial Iron Nucleator. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1048-1055. [PMID: 38253017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the nucleation of iron oxides and the underlying hydrolysis of aqueous iron species is still challenging, and molecular-level insights into the orchestrated response of water, especially at the hydrolysis interface, are lacking. We follow iron(III) hydrolysis in the presence of a synthetic bacterial iron nucleator, which is a magnetosome membrane specific peptide, by using a constant pH titration technique. Three distinct hydrolysis regimes were identified. Interface-selective sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy was used to probe the interfacial reaction and water in direct contact with the peptide. SFG data reveal that iron(III) species react quickly with interfacial peptides while continuously enhancing water alignment into the later stages of hydrolysis. The gradually aligning water molecules are associated with initially promoted (regimes I and II) and later suppressed (regime III) hydrolysis after the saturation of water alignment has occurred until regime II. These interfacial insights are crucial for understanding the early stage of iron oxide biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daizong Qi
- Department of Materials and Textile Engineering, Nanotechnology Research Institute, Jiaxing University, Building No. 7, Jiaxing Intelligent Industry & Innovation Park, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P. R. China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Miodrag J Lukić
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Materials and Textile Engineering, Nanotechnology Research Institute, Jiaxing University, Building No. 7, Jiaxing Intelligent Industry & Innovation Park, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P. R. China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Denis Gebauer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Shen Y, Gwak H, Han B. Advanced manufacturing of nanoparticle formulations of drugs and biologics using microfluidics. Analyst 2024; 149:614-637. [PMID: 38083968 PMCID: PMC10842755 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01739g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Numerous innovative nanoparticle formulations of drugs and biologics, named nano-formulations, have been developed in the last two decades. However, methods for their scaled-up production are still lagging, as the amount needed for large animal tests and clinical trials is typically orders of magnitude larger. This manufacturing challenge poses a critical barrier to successfully translating various nano-formulations. This review focuses on how microfluidics technology has become a powerful tool to overcome this challenge by synthesizing various nano-formulations with improved particle properties and product purity in large quantities. This microfluidic-based manufacturing is enabled by microfluidic mixing, which is capable of the precise and continuous control of the synthesis of nano-formulations. We further discuss the specific applications of hydrodynamic flow focusing, a staggered herringbone micromixer, a T-junction mixer, a micro-droplet generator, and a glass capillary on various types of nano-formulations of polymeric, lipid, inorganic, and nanocrystals. Various separation and purification microfluidic methods to enhance the product purity are reviewed, including acoustofluidics, hydrodynamics, and dielectrophoresis. We further discuss the challenges of microfluidics being used by broader research and industrial communities. We also provide future outlooks of its enormous potential as a decentralized approach for manufacturing nano-formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Hogyeong Gwak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Ramamoorthy RK, Yildirim E, Rodriguez-Ruiz I, Roblin P, Lacroix LM, Diaz A, Parmar R, Teychené S, Viau G. Sub-millisecond microfluidic mixers coupled to time-resolved in situ photonics to study ultra-fast reaction kinetics: the case of ultra-small gold nanoparticle synthesis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:327-338. [PMID: 38088259 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00778b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We report a continuous microreactor platform achieving sub-millisecond homogeneous reagent mixing (∼300 μs) for a time-resolved study on the synthesis of ultra-small gold nanoparticles (NPs). The microreactor (coupled with small angle X-ray scattering, UV-vis, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy for in situ and in operando characterizations), operates within mixing time frames below system characteristic times, providing a unique opportunity to deepen the comprehension of reaction and phase transition pathways with unprecedented details. The microreactor channel length can be approximated to a given reaction time when operated in continuous mode and steady state. As a result, the system can be statically investigated, eliminating technique-dependent probing time constraints and local inhomogeneities caused by mixing issues. We have studied Au(0) NP formation kinetics from Au(III) precursors complexed with oleylamine in organic media, using triisopropylsilane as a reducing agent. The existence of Au(III)/Au(I) prenucleation clusters and the formation of a transient Au(I) lamellar phase under certain conditions, before the onset of Au(0) formation, have been observed. Taking advantage of the high frequency time-resolved information, we propose and model two different reaction pathways associated with the presence or absence of the Au(I) lamellar phase. In both cases, non-classical pathways leading to the formation of NPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- Fédération de Recherche FeRMAT, CNRS, INP, INSA, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ezgi Yildirim
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Isaac Rodriguez-Ruiz
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Roblin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lise-Marie Lacroix
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 103 boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ana Diaz
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Rohan Parmar
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Sébastien Teychené
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Guillaume Viau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
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10
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Abid HR, Azhar MR, Iglauer S, Rada ZH, Al-Yaseri A, Keshavarz A. Physiochemical characterization of metal organic framework materials: A mini review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23840. [PMID: 38192763 PMCID: PMC10772179 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials offering exceptional performance across a myriad of applications, attributable to their remarkable physicochemical properties such as regular porosity, crystalline structure, and tailored functional groups. Despite their potential, there is a lack of dedicated reviews that focus on key physicochemical characterizations of MOFs for the beginners and new researchers in the field. This review is written based on our expertise in the synthesis and characterization of MOFs, specifically to provide a right direction for the researcher who is a beginner in this area. In this way, experimental errors can be reduced, and wastage of time and chemicals can be avoided when new researchers conduct a study. In this article, this topic is critically analyzed, and findings and conclusions are presented. We reviewed three well-known XRD techniques, including PXRD, single crystal XRD, and SAXS, which were used for XRD analysis depending on the crystal size and the quality of crystal morphology. The TGA profile was an effective factor for evaluating the quality of the activation process and for ensuring the successful investigation for other characterizations. The BET and pore size were significantly affected by the activation process and selective benzene chain cross-linkers. FTIR is a prominent method that is used to investigate the functional groups on pore surfaces, and this method is successfully used to evaluate the activation process, characterize functionalized MOFs, and estimate their applications. The most significant methods of characterization include the X-ray diffraction, which is utilized for structural identification, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which is used for exploring thermal decomposition. It is important to note that the thermal stability of MOFs is influenced by two main factors: the metal-ligand interaction and the type of functional groups attached to the organic ligand. The textural properties of the MOFs, on the other hand, can be scrutinized through nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms experiments at 77 K. However, for smaller pore size, the Argon adsorption-desorption isotherm at 87.3 K is preferred. Furthermore, the CO2 adsorption isotherm at 273 K can be used to measure ultra-micropore sizes and sizes lower than these, which cannot be measured by using the N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K. The highest BET was observed in high-valence MOFs that are constructed based on the metal-oxo cluster, which has an excellent ability to control their textural properties. It was found that the synthesis procedure (including the choice of solvent, cross-linker, secondary metal, surface functional groups, and temperature), activation method, and pressure significantly impact the surface area of the MOF and, by extension, its structural integrity. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy plays a crucial role in identifying active MOF functional groups. Understanding these physicochemical properties and utilizing relevant characterization techniques will enable more precise MOF selection for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Rasool Abid
- Energy and Resource Discipline, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
- Environmental Health Department, Applied Medical Sciences, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Azhar
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA
| | - Stefan Iglauer
- Energy and Resource Discipline, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Zana Hassan Rada
- Energy and Resource Discipline, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Ahmed Al-Yaseri
- College of Petroleum Engineering and Geoscience, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alireza Keshavarz
- Energy and Resource Discipline, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
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11
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Kelestemur S, Maity P, Visaveliya NR, Halpern D, Parveen S, Khatoon F, Khalil A, Greenberg M, Jiang Q, Ng K, Eisele DM. Solution-based Supramolecular Hierarchical Assembly of Frenkel Excitonic Nanotubes Driven by Gold Nanoparticle Formation and Temperature. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:329-339. [PMID: 38157497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Translating nature's successful design principle of solution-based supramolecular self-assembling to broad applications─ranging from renewable energy and information technology to nanomedicine─requires a fundamental understanding of supramolecular hierarchical assembly. Though the forces behind self-assembly (e.g., hydrophobicity) are known, the specific mechanism by which monomers form the hierarchical assembly still remains an open question. A crucial step toward formulating a complete mechanism is understanding not only how the monomer's specific molecular structure but also how manifold environmental conditions impact the self-assembling process. Here, we elucidate the complex correlation between the environmental self-assembling conditions and the resulting structural properties by utilizing a well-characterized model system: well-defined supramolecular Frenkel excitonic nanotubes (NTs), self-assembled from cyanine dye molecules in aqueous solution, which further self-assemble into bundled nanotubes (b-NTs). The NTs and b-NTs inhabit distinct spectroscopic signatures, which allows the use of steady-state absorption spectroscopy to monitor the transition from NTs to b-NTs directly. Specifically, we investigate the impact of temperature (ranging from 23 °C, 55 °C, 70 °C, 85 °C, up to 100 °C) during in situ formation of gold nanoparticles to determine their role in the formation of b-NTs. The considered time regime for the self-assembling process ranges from 1 min to 8 days. With our work, we contribute to a basic understanding of how environmental conditions impact solution-based hierarchical supramolecular self-assembly in both the thermodynamic and the kinetic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kelestemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Piyali Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Nikunjkumar R Visaveliya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Damien Halpern
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Sadiyah Parveen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Firdaus Khatoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Ali Khalil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Matthew Greenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Qingrui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
| | - Kara Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10016, United States
| | - Dorthe M Eisele
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York at The City University of New York, New York City, New York 10031, United States
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12
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Primo LMDG, Roque-Borda CA, Carnero Canales CS, Caruso IP, de Lourenço IO, Colturato VMM, Sábio RM, de Melo FA, Vicente EF, Chorilli M, da Silva Barud H, Barbugli PA, Franzyk H, Hansen PR, Pavan FR. Antimicrobial peptides grafted onto the surface of N-acetylcysteine-chitosan nanoparticles can revitalize drugs against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121449. [PMID: 37940311 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the World. The search for new antituberculosis drugs is a high priority, since several drug-resistant TB-strains have emerged. Many nanotechnology strategies are being explored to repurpose or revive drugs. An interesting approach is to graft antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles. The objective of the present work was to determine the anti-MTB activity of rifampicin-loaded N-acetylcysteine-chitosan-based nanoparticles (NPs), conjugated with the AMP Ctx(Ile21)-Ha; against clinical isolates (multi- and extensively-drug resistant) and the H37Rv strain. The modified chitosan and drug-loaded NPs were characterized with respect to their physicochemical stability and their antimycobacterial profile, which showed potent inhibition (MIC values <0.977 μg/mL) by the latter. Furthermore, their accumulation within macrophages and cytotoxicity were determined. To understand the possible mechanisms of action, an in silico study of the peptide against MTB membrane receptors was performed. The results presented herein demonstrate that antibiotic-loaded NPs grafted with an AMP can be a powerful tool for revitalizing drugs against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains, by launching multiple attacks against MTB. This approach could potentially serve as a novel treatment strategy for various long-term diseases requiring extended treatment periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maria Duran Gleriani Primo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Shleider Carnero Canales
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas bioquímicas y biotecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Icaro Putinhon Caruso
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ottenio de Lourenço
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória Maria Medalha Colturato
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Miguel Sábio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Drug and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Alves de Melo
- Department of Physics - Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Festozo Vicente
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Drug and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernane da Silva Barud
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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13
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Greenberg MW, Lin CH, Chodankar S, Ghose SK. In situ synchrotron X-ray total scattering measurements and analysis of colloidal CsPbX 3 nanocrystals during flow synthesis. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:1092-1099. [PMID: 37738031 PMCID: PMC10624037 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523007300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In situ X-ray scattering measurements of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystal formation and halide exchange at NSLS-II beamlines were performed in an automated flow reactor. Total scattering measurements were performed at the 28-ID-2 (XPD) beamline and small-angle X-ray scattering at the 16-ID (LiX) beamline. Nanocrystal structural parameters of interest, including size, size distribution and atomic structure, were extracted from modeling the total scattering data. The results highlight the potential of these beamlines and the measurement protocols described in this study for studying dynamic processes of colloidal nanocrystal synthesis in solution with timescales on the order of seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Greenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504, USA
| | - Cheng-Hung Lin
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Shirish Chodankar
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Sanjit K. Ghose
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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14
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Biegel M, Schikarski T, Cardenas Lopez P, Gromotka L, Lübbert C, Völkl A, Damm C, Walter J, Peukert W. Efficient quenching sheds light on early stages of gold nanoparticle formation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18001-18013. [PMID: 37323457 PMCID: PMC10265400 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02195e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation mechanism of plasmonic gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) by fast NaBH4 induced reduction of the precursors is still under debate. In this work we introduce a simple method to access intermediate species of Au NPs by quenching the solid formation process at desired time periods. In this way, we take advantage of the covalent binding of glutathione on Au NPs to stop their growth. By applying a plethora of precise particle characterization techniques, we shed new light on the early stages of particle formation. The results of in situ UV/vis measurements, ex situ sedimentation coefficient analysis by analytical ultracentrifugation, size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry supported by mobility classification and scanning transmission electron microscopy suggest an initial rapid formation of small non-plasmonic Au clusters with Au10 as the main species followed by their growth to plasmonic Au NPs by agglomeration. The fast reduction of gold salts by NaBH4 depends on mixing which is hard to control during the scale-up of batch processes. Thus, we transferred the Au NP synthesis to a continuous flow process with improved mixing. We observed that the mean volume particle sizes and the width of the particle size distribution decrease with increasing flow rate and thus higher energy input. Mixing- and reaction-controlled regimes are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Biegel
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tobias Schikarski
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Paola Cardenas Lopez
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lukas Gromotka
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christian Lübbert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas Völkl
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Cornelia Damm
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Johannes Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particles Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstraße 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany
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15
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Podlesnaia E, Gerald Inangha P, Vesenka J, Seyring M, Hempel HJ, Rettenmayr M, Csáki A, Fritzsche W. Microfluidic-Generated Seeds for Gold Nanotriangle Synthesis in Three or Two Steps. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204810. [PMID: 36855325 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle synthesis has drawn great attention in the last decades. The study of crystal growth mechanisms and optimization of the existing methods lead to the increasing accessibility of nanomaterials, such as gold nanotriangles which have great potential in the fields of plasmonics and catalysis. To form such structures, a careful balance of reaction parameters has to be maintained. Herein, a novel synthesis of gold nanotriangles from seeds derived with a micromixer, which provides a highly efficient mixing and simple parameter control is reported. The impact of the implemented reactor on the primary seed characteristics is investigated. The following growth steps are studied to reveal the phenomena affecting the shape yield. The use of microfluidic seeds led to the formation of well-defined triangles with a narrower size distribution compared to the entirely conventional batch synthesis. A shortened two-step procedure for the formation of triangles directly from primary seeds, granting an express but robust synthesis is further described. Moreover, the need for a thorough study of seed crystallinity depending on the synthesis conditions, which - together with additional parameter optimization - will bring a new perspective to the use of micromixers which are promising for scaling up nanomaterial production is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Podlesnaia
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Princess Gerald Inangha
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - James Vesenka
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Road, Biddeford, ME, 04005, USA
| | - Martin Seyring
- Department of Metallic Materials, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University (FSU), Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Schmalkalden University of Applied Sciences, Blechhammer 4-9, 98574, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Hempel
- Department of Metallic Materials, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University (FSU), Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Rettenmayr
- Department of Metallic Materials, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University (FSU), Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Csáki
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fritzsche
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
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16
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Shen Y, Yuk SA, Kwon S, Tamam H, Yeo Y, Han B. A timescale-guided microfluidic synthesis of tannic acid-Fe III network nanocapsules of hydrophobic drugs. J Control Release 2023; 357:484-497. [PMID: 37068522 PMCID: PMC10225907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs are poorly water-soluble and suffer from low bioavailability. Metal-phenolic network (MPN), a hydrophilic thin layer such as tannic acid (TA)-FeIII network, has been recently used to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs to improve their bioavailability. However, it remains challenging to synthesize nanocapsules of a wide variety of hydrophobic drugs and to scale up the production in a continuous manner. Here, we present a microfluidic synthesis method to continuously produce TA-FeIII network nanocapsules of hydrophobic drugs. We hypothesize that nanocapsules can continuously be formed only when the microfluidic mixing timescale is shorter than the drug's nucleation timescale. The hypothesis was tested on three hydrophobic drugs - paclitaxel, curcumin, and vitamin D with varying solubility and nucleation timescale. The proposed mechanism was validated by successfully predicting the synthesis outcomes. The microfluidically-synthesized nanocapsules had well-controlled sizes of 100-200 nm, high drug loadings of 40-70%, and a throughput of up to 70 mg hr-1 per channel. The release kinetics, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity were further evaluated. The effect of coating constituents on nanocapsule properties were characterized. Fe content of nanocapsules was reported. The stability of nanocapsules at different temperatures and pHs were also tested. The results suggest that the present method can provide a quantitative guideline to predictively design a continuous synthesis scheme for hydrophobic drug encapsulation via MPN nanocapsules with scaled-up capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Simseok A Yuk
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Soonbum Kwon
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hassan Tamam
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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17
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Sun Q, Boddapati L, Wang L, Li J, Deepak FL. In Situ Observations Reveal the Five-fold Twin-Involved Growth of Gold Nanorods by Particle Attachment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:796. [PMID: 36903675 PMCID: PMC10005194 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization plays a critical role in determining crystal size, purity and morphology. Therefore, uncovering the growth dynamics of nanoparticles (NPs) atomically is important for the controllable fabrication of nanocrystals with desired geometry and properties. Herein, we conducted in situ atomic-scale observations on the growth of Au nanorods (NRs) by particle attachment within an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope (AC-TEM). The results show that the attachment of spherical colloidal Au NPs with a size of about 10 nm involves the formation and growth of neck-like (NL) structures, followed by five-fold twin intermediate states and total atomic rearrangement. The statistical analyses show that the length and diameter of Au NRs can be well regulated by the number of tip-to-tip Au NPs and the size of colloidal Au NPs, respectively. The results highlight five-fold twin-involved particle attachment in spherical Au NPs with a size of 3-14 nm, and provide insights into the fabrication of Au NRs using irradiation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Loukya Boddapati
- Nanostructured Materials Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Linan Wang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Francis Leonard Deepak
- Nanostructured Materials Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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18
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Hu C, Chen X, Low J, Yang YW, Li H, Wu D, Chen S, Jin J, Li H, Ju H, Wang CH, Lu Z, Long R, Song L, Xiong Y. Near-infrared-featured broadband CO 2 reduction with water to hydrocarbons by surface plasmon. Nat Commun 2023; 14:221. [PMID: 36639386 PMCID: PMC9839746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Imitating the natural photosynthesis to synthesize hydrocarbon fuels represents a viable strategy for solar-to-chemical energy conversion, where utilizing low-energy photons, especially near-infrared photons, has been the ultimate yet challenging aim to further improving conversion efficiency. Plasmonic metals have proven their ability in absorbing low-energy photons, however, it remains an obstacle in effectively coupling this energy into reactant molecules. Here we report the broadband plasmon-induced CO2 reduction reaction with water, which achieves a CH4 production rate of 0.55 mmol g-1 h-1 with 100% selectivity to hydrocarbon products under 400 mW cm-2 full-spectrum light illumination and an apparent quantum efficiency of 0.38% at 800 nm illumination. We find that the enhanced local electric field plays an irreplaceable role in efficient multiphoton absorption and selective energy transfer for such an excellent light-driven catalytic performance. This work paves the way to the technique for low-energy photon utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canyu Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 350 Shushanhu Rd., Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingxiang Low
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yaw-Wen Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Hao Li
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronic Information, and Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Di Wu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 350 Shushanhu Rd., Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Shuangming Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - He Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Huanxin Ju
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Zhou Lu
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronic Information, and Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Li Song
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 350 Shushanhu Rd., Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Physics and Electronic Information, and Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China.
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19
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Abstract
Nucleation and growth are critical steps in crystallization, which plays an important role in determining crystal structure, size, morphology, and purity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of nucleation and growth is crucial to realize the controllable fabrication of crystalline products with desired and reproducible properties. Based on classical models, the initial crystal nucleus is formed by the spontaneous aggregation of ions, atoms, or molecules, and crystal growth is dependent on the monomer's diffusion and the surface reaction. Recently, numerous in situ investigations on crystallization dynamics have uncovered the existence of nonclassical mechanisms. This review provides a summary and highlights the in situ studies of crystal nucleation and growth, with a particular emphasis on the state-of-the-art research progress since the year 2016, and includes technological advances, atomic-scale observations, substrate- and temperature-dependent nucleation and growth, and the progress achieved in the various materials: metals, alloys, metallic compounds, colloids, and proteins. Finally, the forthcoming opportunities and challenges in this fascinating field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Francis Leonard Deepak
- Nanostructured Materials Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
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20
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Misaka T, Ohoyama H, Matsumoto T. Time-dependent measurement of plasmon-induced charge separation on a gold nanoparticle/TiO 2 interface by electrostatic force microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16678. [PMID: 36202906 PMCID: PMC9537532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmon-induced charge separation (PICS) is an efficient way to use the hot carriers generated by localized surface plasmon resonance. Although the ultrafast dynamics of hot carrier generation and annihilation itself are well understood, the slow dynamics of PICS are not, despite their importance for the use of hot carriers in chemical reactions. In this work, we directly observed the slow dynamics of PICS on an Au nanoparticle (NP)/TiO2 interface by using electrostatic force microscopy with time-resolved measurements obtained by sideband signal of frequency shift. The change in contact potential difference induced by PICS had a bias voltage dependence, indicating that the number of holes in the Au NPs (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$[{\mathrm{h}}_{\mathrm{AuNP}}^{+}]$$\end{document}[hAuNP+]) accumulated by laser irradiation depended on bias voltage. The decay constant for the annihilation of the separated charge on the Au NPs at the Au NP/TiO2 interface was directly determined to be ca. 150 ms, and the annihilation process was discussed in a simple model based on the transient Schottky barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Misaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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21
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Liu X, Zhang X, Khakhulin D, Su P, Wulff M, Baudelet F, Weng TC, Kong Q, Sun Y. Deciphering Photochemical Reaction Pathways of Aqueous Tetrachloroauric Acid by X-ray Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8921-8927. [PMID: 36130195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photolysis reaction pathways of [Au(III)Cl4]- in aqueous solution have been investigated by time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Ultraviolet excitation directly breaks the Au-Cl bond in [Au(III)Cl4]- to form [Au(II)Cl3]- that becomes highly reactive within 79 ps. Disproportionation of [Au(II)Cl3]- generates [Au(I)Cl2]-, which is stable for ≤10 μs. In contrast, intense near-infrared lasers photolyze water to generate hydrated electrons, which then reduce [Au(III)Cl4]- to [Au(II)Cl3]- at 5 ns. Hydrated electrons further induce a chain reaction from [Au(II)Cl3]- to [Au(0)Cl]- by successively removing one Cl-. The zero-valency Au anions quickly polymerize and condense to form Au nanoparticles, which become the dominating product after 400 s. Our results reveal that the condensation of zero-valency Au starts with dimerization of gold clusters coordinated with chloride ions rather than direct condensation of pristine Au atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60349, United States
| | | | - Peiyuan Su
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Michael Wulff
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qingyu Kong
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Yugang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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22
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Levenstein MA, Robertson K, Turner TD, Hunter L, O’Brien C, O’Shaughnessy C, Kulak AN, Le Magueres P, Wojciechowski J, Mykhaylyk OO, Kapur N, Meldrum FC. Serial small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering with laboratory sources. IUCRJ 2022; 9:538-543. [PMID: 36071805 PMCID: PMC9438489 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252522007631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in X-ray instrumentation and sample injection systems have enabled serial crystallography of protein nanocrystals and the rapid structural analysis of dynamic processes. However, this progress has been restricted to large-scale X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) and synchrotron facilities, which are often oversubscribed and have long waiting times. Here, we explore the potential of state-of-the-art laboratory X-ray systems to perform comparable analyses when coupled to micro- and millifluidic sample environments. Our results demonstrate that commercial small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) instruments and X-ray diffractometers are ready to access samples and timescales (≳5 ms) relevant to many processes in materials science including the preparation of pharmaceuticals, nanoparticles and functional crystalline materials. Tests of different X-ray instruments highlighted the importance of the optical configuration and revealed that serial WAXS/XRD analysis of the investigated samples was only possible with the higher flux of a microfocus setup. We expect that these results will also stimulate similar developments for structural biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Robertson
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D. Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Hunter
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Cate O’Brien
- Soft Matter Analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Cedrick O’Shaughnessy
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander N. Kulak
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Le Magueres
- Rigaku Americas Corporation, 9009 New Tails Drive, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
| | | | - Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk
- Soft Matter Analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Nikil Kapur
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona C. Meldrum
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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23
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Plasmonic Surface of Metallic Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Induced Fluorescence Quenching of Meso-Terakis (4-Sulfonatophenyl) Porphyrin (TPPS) and Theoretical-Experimental Comparable. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:2257-2269. [PMID: 36045307 PMCID: PMC9606071 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal metallic nanoparticles have attracted a lot of interest in the last two decades owing to their simple synthesis and fascinating optical properties. In this manuscript, a study of the effect of both gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the fluorescence emission (FE) of TPPS has been investigated utilizing steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. From the observed electronic absorption spectra, there is no evidence of the ground state interaction between metallic Au NPs or Ag NPs with TPPS. On the other side, the FE spectra of TPPS have been quenched by both Ag and Au NPs. Via applying quenching calculations, Ag NPs showed only traditional static fluorescence quenching of TPPS with linear Stern–Volmer (SV) plots. On the contrary, quenching of TPPS emission by Au NPs shows composed models. One model is the sphere of action static quenching model that prevails at high quencher concentrations leading to non-linear SV plots with positive deviation. However, at low Au NPs concentrations, traditional dynamic quenching occurs with linear SV plots. The quantum calculations for TPPS structure have been obtained using Gaussian 09 software: in which the TPPS optimized molecular structure was achieved using DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d) in a gaseous state. Also, the calculated electronic absorption spectra for the same molecule in water as a solvent are obtained using TD/M06/6-311G + + (2d, 2p). Furthermore, the theoretical and experimental results comparable to UV–Vis spectra have been investigated.
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24
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Mattern A, Claßen R, Wolf A, Pouokam E, Schlüter KD, Wickleder MS, Diener M. Multivalent stimulation of β 1-, but not β 2-receptors by adrenaline functionalised gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3182-3193. [PMID: 36132815 PMCID: PMC9418053 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a strategy for the synthesis of catecholamine functionalised gold nanoparticles and investigated their multivalent interactions with adrenergic receptors in different biological systems. The catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline represent key examples of adrenergic agonists. We used gold nanoparticles as carriers and functionalised them on their surface with a variety of these neurotransmitter molecules. For this purpose, we synthesised each ligand separately using mercaptoundecanoic acid as a bifunctional linking unit and adrenaline (or noradrenaline) as a biogenic amine. This ligand was then immobilised onto the surface of presynthesised spherical monodispersive gold nanoparticles in a ligand exchange reaction. After detailed analytical characterisations, the functionalised gold nanoparticles were investigated for their interactions with adrenergic receptors in intestinal, cardiac and respiratory tissues. Whereas the contractility of respiratory smooth muscle cells (regulated by β2-receptors) was not influenced, (nor)adrenaline functionalised nanoparticles administered in nanomolar concentrations induced epithelial K+ secretion (mediated via different β-receptors) and increased contractility of isolated rat cardiomyocytes (mediated by β1-receptors). The present results suggest differences in the accessibility of adrenergic agonists bound to gold nanoparticles to the binding pockets of different β-receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Mattern
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Rebecca Claßen
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Frankfurter Strasse 100 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Annemarie Wolf
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen Aulweg 129 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Ervice Pouokam
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Frankfurter Strasse 100 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schlüter
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen Aulweg 129 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Mathias S Wickleder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Martin Diener
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Frankfurter Strasse 100 35392 Giessen Germany
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25
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Microfluidic Nanomaterial Synthesis and In Situ SAXS, WAXS, or SANS Characterization: Manipulation of Size Characteristics and Online Elucidation of Dynamic Structural Transitions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144602. [PMID: 35889473 PMCID: PMC9323596 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
With the ability to cross biological barriers, encapsulate and efficiently deliver drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics, and protect the loaded cargos from degradation, different soft polymer and lipid nanoparticles (including liposomes, cubosomes, and hexosomes) have received considerable interest in the last three decades as versatile platforms for drug delivery applications and for the design of vaccines. Hard nanocrystals (including gold nanoparticles and quantum dots) are also attractive for use in various biomedical applications. Here, microfluidics provides unique opportunities for the continuous synthesis of these hard and soft nanomaterials with controllable shapes and sizes, and their in situ characterization through manipulation of the flow conditions and coupling to synchrotron small-angle X-ray (SAXS), wide-angle scattering (WAXS), or neutron (SANS) scattering techniques, respectively. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic devices are attractive not only for the continuous production of monodispersed nanomaterials, but also for improving our understanding of the involved nucleation and growth mechanisms during the formation of hard nanocrystals under confined geometry conditions. They allow further gaining insight into the involved dynamic structural transitions, mechanisms, and kinetics during the generation of self-assembled nanostructures (including drug nanocarriers) at different reaction times (ranging from fractions of seconds to minutes). This review provides an overview of recently developed 2D and 3D microfluidic platforms for the continuous production of nanomaterials, and their simultaneous use in in situ characterization investigations through coupling to nanostructural characterization techniques (e.g., SAXS, WAXS, and SANS).
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26
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Kim J, Kang D, Kang S, Kim BH, Park J. Coalescence dynamics of platinum group metal nanoparticles revealed by liquid-phase TEM. iScience 2022; 25:104699. [PMID: 35880046 PMCID: PMC9307684 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coalescence, one of the major pathways observed in the growth of nanoparticles, affects the structural diversity of the synthesized nanoparticles in terms of sizes, shapes, and grain boundaries. As coalescence events occur transiently during the growth of nanoparticles and are associated with the interaction between nanoparticles, mechanistic understanding is challenging. The ideal platform to study coalescence events may require real-time tracking of nanoparticle growth trajectories with quantitative analysis for coalescence events. Herein, we track nanoparticle growth trajectories using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) to investigate the role of coalescence in nanoparticle formation and their morphologies. By evaluating multiple coalescence events for different platinum group metals, we reveal that the surface energy and ligand binding energy determines the rate of the reshaping process and the resulting final morphology of coalesced nanoparticles. The coalescence mechanism, based on direct LTEM observation explains the structures of noble metal nanoparticles that emerge in colloidal synthesis. Image processing of in situ liquid cell TEM image Size-dependent coalescence behaviors of metal nanoparticles Different kinetics of Pt and Pd nanoparticles owing to their different surface energies Reshaping kinetics determines the final morphology of coalesced nanoparticles
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27
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Abécassis B, Greenberg MW, Bal V, McMurtry BM, Campos MP, Guillemeney L, Mahler B, Prevost S, Sharpnack L, Hendricks MP, DeRosha D, Bennett E, Saenz N, Peters B, Owen JS. Persistent nucleation and size dependent attachment kinetics produce monodisperse PbS nanocrystals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4977-4983. [PMID: 35655873 PMCID: PMC9067564 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06134h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern syntheses of colloidal nanocrystals yield extraordinarily narrow size distributions that are believed to result from a rapid "burst of nucleation" (La Mer, JACS, 1950, 72(11), 4847-4854) followed by diffusion limited growth and size distribution focusing (Reiss, J. Chem. Phys., 1951, 19, 482). Using a combination of in situ X-ray scattering, optical absorption, and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we monitor the kinetics of PbS solute generation, nucleation, and crystal growth from three thiourea precursors whose conversion reactivity spans a 2-fold range. In all three cases, nucleation is found to be slow and continues during >50% of the precipitation. A population balance model based on a size dependent growth law (1/r) fits the data with a single growth rate constant (k G) across all three precursors. However, the magnitude of the k G and the lack of solvent viscosity dependence indicates that the rate limiting step is not diffusion from solution to the nanoparticle surface. Several surface reaction limited mechanisms and a ligand penetration model that fits data our experiments using a single fit parameter are proposed to explain the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Abécassis
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 F69342 Lyon France
| | | | - Vivekananda Bal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Illinois 10027 USA
| | - Brandon M McMurtry
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Michael P Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Lilian Guillemeney
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 F69342 Lyon France
| | - Benoit Mahler
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière F-69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Sylvain Prevost
- Institut Laue-Langevin 71 Avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Lewis Sharpnack
- Department of Earth Science, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Mark P Hendricks
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Whitman College Walla Walla WA 99362 USA
| | - Daniel DeRosha
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Ellie Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Natalie Saenz
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Baron Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Illinois 10027 USA
| | - Jonathan S Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
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28
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Brenker J, Henzler K, Borca CN, Huthwelker T, Alan T. X-ray compatible microfluidics for in situ studies of chemical state, transport and reaction of light elements in an aqueous environment using synchrotron radiation. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1214-1230. [PMID: 35170605 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00996f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an X-ray compatible microfluidic platform for in situ characterization of chemical reactions at synchrotron light sources. We demonstrate easy to implement techniques to probe reacting solutions as they first come into contact, and study the very first milliseconds of their reaction in real-time through X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The devices use polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channels sandwiched between ultrathin, X-ray transparent silicon nitride observation windows and rigid substrates. The new approach has three key advantages: i) owing to the assembly techniques employed, the devices are suitable for both high energy and tender (1-5 keV) X-rays; ii) they can operate in a vacuum environment (a must for low energy X-rays) and iii) they are robust enough to survive a full 8 hour shift of continuous scanning with a micro-focused beam, providing higher spatial and thus greater time resolution than previous studies. The combination of these opens new opportunities for in situ studies. This has so far not been possible with Kapton or glass-based flow cells due to increased attenuation of the low energy beam passing through these materials. The devices provide a well-defined mixing region to collect spatial maps of spatially stable concentration profiles, and XAS point spectra to elucidate the chemical structure and characterize the chemical reactions. The versatility of the approach is demonstrated through in situ XAS measurements on the mixing of two reactants in a microfluidic laminar flow device, as well as a segmented droplet based system for time resolved analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Brenker
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Katja Henzler
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Camelia N Borca
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | | | - Tuncay Alan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
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29
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Li S, Gu B, Li X, Tang S, Zheng L, Ruiz‐Hitzky E, Sun Z, Xu C, Wang X. MXene-Enhanced Chitin Composite Sponges with Antibacterial and Hemostatic Activity for Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102367. [PMID: 35285165 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study shows the effective use of MXene-based nanomaterials to improve the performance of biocomposite sponges in wound healing. In this way, diverse chitin/MXene composite sponges are fabricated by incorporating MXene-based nanomaterials with various morphology (accordion-shaped, intercalated, single-layer, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-loaded single-layer) into the network of chitin sponge (CH), which can prevent massive blood losses and promote the healing process of bacterial-infected wounds. With the addition of MXene-based nanomaterials, the hemostatic efficacy of CH is enhanced due to the improved hemophilicity and accelerated blood coagulation kinetics. Furthermore, the composite sponges show a predominant antibacterial activity through the synergy between the capture and the photothermal effects. Importantly, the addition of AuNPs to composite sponges further improves hemostatic performance and promotes normal skin cell migration to heal the infected wound, achieving wound closure rates of 84% on day 9. These initial studies expand the applications of MXene-based nanomaterials in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Bin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Shuwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Lu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Eduardo Ruiz‐Hitzky
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid CSIC Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Zeyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Changliang Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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30
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Tereshchenko AA, Butova VV, Guda AA, Burachevskaya OA, Bugaev AL, Bulgakov AN, Skorynina AA, Rusalev YV, Pankov IV, Volochaev VA, Al-Omoush M, Ozhogin IV, Borodkin GS, Soldatov AV. Rational Functionalization of UiO-66 with Pd Nanoparticles: Synthesis and In Situ Fourier-Transform Infrared Monitoring. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3875-3885. [PMID: 35192334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) is a challenging task. Conventional impregnation by metals often leads to agglomerates on the surface of MOF crystals. Functional groups on linkers interact with metal precursors and promote the homogeneous distribution of NPs in the pores of MOFs, but their uncontrolled localization can block channels and thus hinder mass transport. To overcome this problem, we created nucleation centers only in the defective pores of the UiO-66 MOF via the postsynthesis exchange. First, we have introduced defects into UiO-66 using benzoic acid as a modulator. Second, the modulator was exchanged for amino-benzoic acid. As a result, amino groups have decorated mainly the defective pores and attracted the Pd precursor after impregnation. The interaction of the metal precursor with amino groups and the growth of NPs were monitored by in situ infrared spectroscopy. Three processes were distinguished: the gaseous HCl release, NH2 reactivation, and growth of extended Pd surfaces. Uniform Pd NPs were located in the pores because of the homogeneous distribution of the precursor and pore diffusion-limited nucleation rate. Our work demonstrates an alternative approach of controlled Pd incorporation into UiO-66 that is of great importance for the rational design of heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Tereshchenko
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Vera V Butova
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Alexander A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Olga A Burachevskaya
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Aram L Bugaev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Aleksei N Bulgakov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Alina A Skorynina
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Yury V Rusalev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Ilya V Pankov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Vadim A Volochaev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Majd Al-Omoush
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Gennadii S Borodkin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova, 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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Zhao N, Yang C, Bian F, Guo D, Ouyang X. SGTools: a suite of tools for processing and analyzing large data sets from in situ X-ray scattering experiments. J Appl Crystallogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721012267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful tool for studying dynamic processes during material preparation and application. The processing and analysis of large data sets generated from in situ X-ray scattering experiments are often tedious and time consuming. However, data processing software for in situ experiments is relatively rare, especially for grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). This article presents an open-source software suite (SGTools) to perform data processing and analysis for SAXS and GISAXS experiments. The processing modules in this software include (i) raw data calibration and background correction; (ii) data reduction by multiple methods; (iii) animation generation and intensity mapping for in situ X-ray scattering experiments; and (iv) further data analysis for the sample with an order degree and interface correlation. This article provides the main features and framework of SGTools. The workflow of the software is also elucidated to allow users to develop new features. Three examples are demonstrated to illustrate the use of SGTools for dealing with SAXS and GISAXS data. Finally, the limitations and future features of the software are also discussed.
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Koryakina IG, Afonicheva PK, Arabuli KV, Evstrapov AA, Timin AS, Zyuzin MV. Microfluidic synthesis of optically responsive materials for nano- and biophotonics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102548. [PMID: 34757247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials demonstrating optical response under illumination, the so-called optically responsive nanoparticles (NPs), have found their broad application as optical switchers, gas adsorbents, data storage devices, and optical and biological sensors. Unique optical properties of such nanomaterials are strongly related to their chemical composition, geometrical parameters and morphology. Microfluidic approaches for NPs' synthesis allow overcoming the known critical stages in conventional synthesis of NPs due to a high rate of heat/mass transfer and precise regulation of synthesis conditions, which results in reproducible synthesis outcomes with the desired physico-chemical properties. Here, we review the recent advances in microfluidic approach for synthesis of optically responsive nanomaterials (plasmonic, photoluminescent, shape-changeable NPs), highlighting the general background of microfluidics, common considerations in the design of microfluidic chips (MFCs), and theoretical models of the NPs' formation mechanisms. Comparative analysis of microfluidic synthesis with conventional synthesis methods is provided further, along with the recent applications of optically responsive NPs in nano- and biophotonics.
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Li F, Xu Q, Xia W, Zhang X, Zhao W, Zhou L, Zhong H, Peng W, Liu Z, Sun T. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering investigation of X-ray-induced gold nanoparticle synthesis without stabilizer. J Appl Crystallogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The X-ray irradiation of gold salt aqueous solutions in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the absence of any reducing agent or stabilizer is presented. The size, dispersion, number of particles, yield and morphology evolution during the radiolytic formation of AuNPs were followed simultaneously using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering. This study provides an insight into the overall kinetics and formation mechanisms at the initial stage of AuNP synthesis without reductants and stabilizers. The pH-dependent speciation of aqueous HAuCl4 and its influence on the synthesis, structure and properties of AuNPs were observed. The result sheds light on the key parameters required to obtain stable monomodal particles and the influence of the surface charge and reactivity of the chemical solution on the final particle size and shape.
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Radajewski D, Hunter L, He X, Nahi O, Galloway JM, Meldrum FC. An innovative data processing method for studying nanoparticle formation in droplet microfluidics using X-rays scattering. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4498-4506. [PMID: 34671784 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray scattering techniques provide a powerful means of characterizing the formation of nanoparticles in solution. Coupling these techniques to segmented-flow microfluidic devices that offer well-defined environments gives access to in situ time-resolved analysis, excellent reproducibility, and eliminates potential radiation damage. However, analysis of the resulting datasets can be extremely time-consuming, where these comprise frames corresponding to the droplets alone, the continuous phase alone, and to both at their interface. We here describe a robust, low-cost, and versatile droplet microfluidics device and use it to study the formation of magnetite nanoparticles with simultaneous synchrotron SAXS and WAXS. Lateral outlet capillaries facilitate the X-ray analysis and reaction times of between a few seconds and minutes can be accommodated. A two-step data processing method is then described that exploits the unique WAXS signatures of the droplets, continuous phase, and interfacial region to identify the frames corresponding to the droplets. These are then sorted, and the background scattering is subtracted using an automated frame-by-frame approach, allowing the signal from the nanoparticles to be isolated from the raw data. Modeling these data gives quantitative information about the evolution of the sizes and structures of the nanoparticles, in agreement with TEM observations. This versatile platform can be readily employed to study a wide range of dynamic processes in heterogeneous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Radajewski
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Liam Hunter
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Xuefeng He
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Ouassef Nahi
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Johanna M Galloway
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Fiona C Meldrum
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Chang H, Bootharaju MS, Lee S, Kim JH, Kim BH, Hyeon T. To inorganic nanoparticles via nanoclusters: Nonclassical nucleation and growth pathway. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hogeun Chang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Megalamane S. Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyo Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering Soongsil University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
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36
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Zhang Y, Guo W, Zhang Y, Wei WD. Plasmonic Photoelectrochemistry: In View of Hot Carriers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006654. [PMID: 33977588 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing plasmon-generated hot carriers to drive chemical reactions has emerged as a popular topic in solar photocatalysis. However, a complete description of the underlying mechanism of hot-carrier transfer in photochemical processes remains elusive, particularly for those involving hot holes. Photoelectrochemistry enables to localize hot holes on photoanodes and hot electrons on photocathodes and thus offers an approach to separately explore the hole-transfer dynamics and electron-transfer dynamics. This review summarizes a comprehensive understanding of both hot-hole and hot-electron transfers from photoelectrochemical studies on plasmonic electrodes. Additionally, working principles and applications of spectroelectrochemistry are discussed for plasmonic materials. It is concluded that photoelectrochemistry provides a powerful toolbox to gain mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Wenxiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Yunlu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Wei David Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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37
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Determination of the Size Distribution of Metallic Colloids from Extinction Spectroscopy. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112872. [PMID: 34835637 PMCID: PMC8618603 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the ability of extinction spectroscopy to characterize colloidal suspensions of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). We demonstrate that the Au NPs' size distribution can be deduced by analyzing their extinction spectra using Mie theory. Our procedure, based on the non-negative least square algorithm, takes advantage of the high sensitivity of the plasmon band to the Au NP size. In addition, this procedure does not require any a priori information on the Au NP size distribution. The Au NPs' size distribution of monomodal or bimodal suspensions can be satisfactorily determined from their extinction spectra. Finally, we show that this characterization tool is compatible with in situ measurement and allows following the change in NPs' radii during laser exposure.
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38
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Facile synthesis of biocompatible sub-5 nm alginate-stabilised gold nanoparticles with sonosensitising properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Poupart R, Guerrouache M, Grande D, Le Droumaguet B, Carbonnier B. Gold nanoparticles supported onto amine-functionalized in-capillary monoliths meant for flow-through catalysis: A comparative study. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Distinctly Different Morphologies of Bimetallic Au-Ag Nanostructures and Their Application in Submicromolar SERS-Detection of Free Base Porphyrin. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092185. [PMID: 34578501 PMCID: PMC8464754 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell Au-Ag nanostructures (Au-AgNSs) are prepared by a seed-meditated growth, i.e., by a two-step process. The synthetic parameters greatly influence the morphologies of the final bimetallic Au-AgNSs, their stability and application potential as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Direct comparison of several types of Au NPs possessing different surface species and serving as seeds in Au-AgNSs synthesis is the main objective of this paper. Borohydride-reduced (with varying stages of borohydride hydrolysis) and citrate-reduced Au NPs were prepared and used as seeds in Au-AgNSs generation. The order of reactants in seed-mediated growth procedure represents another key factor influencing the final Au-AgNSs characteristics. Electronic absorption spectra, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements, energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were employed for Au-AgNSs characterization. Subsequently, possibilities and limitations of SERS-detection of unperturbed cationic porphyrin, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)21H,23H-porphine (TMPyP), were investigated by using these Au-AgNSs. Only the free base (unperturbed) SERS spectral form of TMPyP is detected in all types of Au-AgNSs. It reports about a well-developed envelope of organic molecules around each Au-AgNSs which prevents metalation from occuring. TMPyP, attached via ionic interaction, was successfully detected in 10 nM concentration due to Au-AgNSs.
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41
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Microfluidic-assisted synthesis of uniform polymer-stabilized silver colloids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Besenhard MO, Panariello L, Kiefer C, LaGrow AP, Storozhuk L, Perton F, Begin S, Mertz D, Thanh NTK, Gavriilidis A. Small iron oxide nanoparticles as MRI T1 contrast agent: scalable inexpensive water-based synthesis using a flow reactor. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:8795-8805. [PMID: 34014243 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00877c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Small iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesised in water via co-precipitation by quenching particle growth after the desired magnetic iron oxide phase formed. This was achieved in a millifluidic multistage flow reactor by precisely timed addition of an acidic solution. IONPs (≤5 nm), a suitable size for positive T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, were obtained and stabilised continuously. This novel flow chemistry approach facilitates a reproducible and scalable production, which is a crucial paradigm shift to utilise IONPs as contrast agents and replace currently used Gd complexes. Acid addition had to be timed carefully, as the inverse spinel structure formed within seconds after initiating the co-precipitation. Late quenching allowed IONPs to grow larger than 5 nm, whereas premature acid addition yielded undesired oxide phases. Use of a flow reactor was not only essential for scalability, but also to synthesise monodisperse and non-agglomerated small IONPs as (i) co-precipitation and acid addition occurred at homogenous environment due to accurate temperature control and rapid mixing and (ii) quenching of particle growth was possible at the optimum time, i.e., a few seconds after initiating co-precipitation. In addition to the timing of growth quenching, the effect of temperature and dextran present during co-precipitation on the final particle size was investigated. This approach differs from small IONP syntheses in batch utilising either growth inhibitors (which likely leads to impurities) or high temperature methods in organic solvents. Furthermore, this continuous synthesis enables the low-cost (<£10 per g) and large-scale production of highly stable small IONPs without the use of toxic reagents. The flow-synthesised small IONPs showed high T1 contrast enhancement, with transversal relaxivity (r2) reduced to 20.5 mM-1 s-1 and longitudinal relaxivity (r1) higher than 10 mM-1 s-1, which is among the highest values reported for water-based IONP synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Panariello
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Céline Kiefer
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alec P LaGrow
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Liudmyla Storozhuk
- Biophysics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Francis Perton
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Begin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Damien Mertz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, BP 43, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh
- Biophysics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. and UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, 21 Albemarle Street, London, W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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43
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Karimadom BR, Kornweitz H. Mechanism of Producing Metallic Nanoparticles, with an Emphasis on Silver and Gold Nanoparticles, Using Bottom-Up Methods. Molecules 2021; 26:2968. [PMID: 34067624 PMCID: PMC8156005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bottom-up nanoparticle (NP) formation is assumed to begin with the reduction of the precursor metallic ions to form zero-valent atoms. Studies in which this assumption was made are reviewed. The standard reduction potential for the formation of aqueous metallic atoms-E0(Mn+aq/M0aq)-is significantly lower than the usual standard reduction potential for reducing metallic ions Mn+ in aqueous solution to a metal in solid state. E0(Mn+aq/M0solid). E0(Mn+aq/M0aq) values are negative for many typical metals, including Ag and Au, for which E0(Mn+aq/M0solid) is positive. Therefore, many common moderate reduction agents that do not have significantly high negative reduction standard potentials (e.g., hydrogen, carbon monoxide, citrate, hydroxylamine, formaldehyde, ascorbate, squartic acid, and BH4-), and cannot reduce the metallic cations to zero-valent atoms, indicating that the mechanism of NP production should be reconsidered. Both AgNP and AuNP formations were found to be multi-step processes that begin with the formation of clusters constructed from a skeleton of M+-M+ (M = Ag or Au) bonds that is followed by the reduction of a cation M+ in the cluster to M0, to form Mn0 via the formation of NPs. The plausibility of M+-M+ formation is reviewed. Studies that suggest a revised mechanism for the formation of AgNPs and AuNPs are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haya Kornweitz
- Chemical Sciences Department, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel;
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44
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Yoshimune W, Kuwaki A, Kusano T, Matsunaga T, Nakamura H. In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Anisotropic Platinum Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10866-10874. [PMID: 34056240 PMCID: PMC8153930 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles exhibit extremely high oxygen reduction activity. Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of a platinum complex in the presence of a soft template formed by organic surfactants in oleylamine. The formation of platinum nanoparticles was investigated using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Time-resolved measurements revealed that different particle shapes appeared during the reaction. After the nuclei were generated, they grew into anisotropic rod-shaped nanoparticles. The shape, size, number density, reaction yield, and specific surface area of the nanoparticles were successfully determined using small-angle X-ray scattering profiles. Anisotropic platinum nanoparticles appeared at a low reaction temperature (∼100 °C) after a short reaction time (∼30 min). The aspect ratio of these platinum nanoparticles was correlated with the local packing motifs of the surfactant molecules and their stability. Our findings suggest that the interfacial structure between the surfactant and platinum nuclei can be important as a controlling factor for tailoring the aspect ratio of platinum nanoparticles and further optimizing the fuel cell performance.
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45
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Rosén T, Wang R, He H, Zhan C, Chodankar S, Hsiao BS. Shear-free mixing to achieve accurate temporospatial nanoscale kinetics through scanning-SAXS: ion-induced phase transition of dispersed cellulose nanocrystals. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1084-1095. [PMID: 33514993 PMCID: PMC8323814 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01048k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved in situ characterization of well-defined mixing processes using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is usually challenging, especially if the process involves changes of material viscoelasticity. In specific, it can be difficult to create a continuous mixing experiment without shearing the material of interest; a desirable situation since shear flow both affects nanoscale structures and flow stability as well as resulting in unreliable time-resolved data. Here, we demonstrate a flow-focusing mixing device for in situ nanostructural characterization using scanning-SAXS. Given the interfacial tension and viscosity ratio between core and sheath fluids, the core material confined by sheath flows is completely detached from the walls and forms a zero-shear plug flow at the channel center, allowing for a trivial conversion of spatial coordinates to mixing times. With this technique, the time-resolved gel formation of dispersed cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was studied by mixing with a sodium chloride solution. It is observed how locally ordered regions, so called tactoids, are disrupted when the added monovalent ions affect the electrostatic interactions, which in turn leads to a loss of CNC alignment through enhanced rotary diffusion. The demonstrated flow-focusing scanning-SAXS technique can be used to unveil important kinetics during structural formation of nanocellulosic materials. However, the same technique is also applicable in many soft matter systems to provide new insights into the nanoscale dynamics during mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rosén
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794-3400USA
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-100 44 StockholmSweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-100 44 StockholmSweden
| | - Ruifu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794-3400USA
| | - HongRui He
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794-3400USA
| | - Chengbo Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794-3400USA
| | - Shirish Chodankar
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National LabUptonNYUSA
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794-3400USA
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46
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Balbuena C, Gianetti MM, Soulé ER. Molecular dynamics simulations of the formation of Ag nanoparticles assisted by PVP. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6677-6684. [PMID: 33710201 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00211b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the formation mechanisms of nanoparticles is essential for the synthesis of nanomaterials with controlled properties. In solution synthesis, capping agents are used to mediate this process and control the final size and shape of the particles. In this work, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent, is studied through molecular dynamics simulations. Nucleation of clusters of atoms and subsequent growth to form nanoparticles are analyzed, with focus on the role of PVP. No finite critical nucleus is detected, and amorphous particles seem to form by spinodal growth. In this timescale, PVP seems to have no effect on particle growth, which is ascribed to the competition between the protective effect and "bridging" (where a molecule of PVP is adsorbed to two different clusters, bringing them together). As the process evolves, a sequence of ordered structures appears within the particles: icosahedral, BCC, and FCC, the last one being the equilibrium configuration of bulk silver. In addition, for a low PVP content an apparent acceleration is observed in particle growth after these ordered phases appear, indicating that the growth of ordered particles from the solution is faster than the growth of amorphous particles. For a high PVP content, this acceleration is not observed, indicating that the protective effect prevails on particle growth in this regime. In addition, due to the bridging effect, the final overall configuration is strongly dependent on the PVP content. In the absence of PVP, large but dispersed particles are observed. When the PVP content is low, due to strong bridging, particles form agglomerates (with no strong coalescence in the timescale of simulations). When the PVP content is large enough, particles are smaller in size and do not show a strong tendency to agglomerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Balbuena
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), J. B. Justo 4302, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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47
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Pem B, Toma M, Vrček V, Vinković Vrček I. Combined NMR and Computational Study of Cysteine Oxidation during Nucleation of Metallic Clusters in Biological Systems. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4144-4161. [PMID: 33657797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The widespread biomedical applications of silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively) prompt the need for mechanistic evaluation of their interaction with biomolecules. In biological media, metallic NPs are known to transform by various pathways, especially in the presence of thiols. The interplay between metallic NPs and thiols may lead to unpredictable consequences for the health status of an organism. This study explored the potential events occurring during biotransformation, dissolution, and reformation of NPs in the thiol-rich biological media. The study employed a model system evaluating the interaction of cysteine with small-sized AgNPs and AuNPs. The interplay of cysteine on transformation and reformation pathways of these NPs was experimentally investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and supported by light scattering techniques and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As the main outcome, Ag- or Au-catalyzed oxidation of cysteine to cystine was found to occur through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Computational simulations confirmed this mechanism and the role of ROS in the oxidative dimerization of biothiol during NPs reformation. The obtained results represent valuable mechanistic data about the complex events during the transport of metallic NPs in thiol-rich biological systems that should be considered for the future biomedical applications of metal-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pem
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mateja Toma
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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48
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Leffler V, Ehlert S, Förster B, Dulle M, Förster S. Nanoparticle Heat-Up Synthesis: In Situ X-ray Diffraction and Extension from Classical to Nonclassical Nucleation and Growth Theory. ACS NANO 2021; 15:840-856. [PMID: 33393769 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heat-up synthesis routes are very commonly used for the controlled large-scale production of semiconductor and magnetic nanoparticles with narrow size distribution and high crystallinity. To obtain fundamental insights into the nucleation and growth kinetics is particularly demanding, because these procedures involve heating to temperatures above 300 °C. We designed a sample environment to perform in situ SAXS/WAXS experiments to investigate the nucleation and growth kinetics of iron oxide nanoparticles during heat-up synthesis up to 320 °C. The analysis of the growth curves for varying heating rates, Fe/ligand ratios, and plateau temperatures shows that the kinetics proceeds via a characteristic sequence of three phases: an induction Phase I, a final growth Phase III, and an intermediate Phase II, which can be divided into an early phase with the evolution and subsequent dissolution of an amorphous transient state, and a late phase, where crystalline particle nucleation and aggregation occurs. We extended classical nucleation and growth theory to account for an amorphous transient state and particle aggregation during the nucleation and growth phases. We find that this nonclassical theory is able to quantitatively describe all measured growth curves. The model provides fundamental insights into the underlying kinetic processes especially in the complex Phase II with the occurrence of a transient amorphous state, the nucleation of crystalline primary particles, particle growth, and particle aggregation proceeding on overlapping time scales. The described in situ experiments together with the extension of the classical nucleation and growth model highlight the two most important features of nonclassical nucleation and growth routes, i.e., the formation of intermediate or transient species and particle aggregation processes. They thus allow us to quantitatively understand, predict, and control nanoparticle nucleation and growth kinetics for a wide range of nanoparticle systems and synthetic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Leffler
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sascha Ehlert
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Beate Förster
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Ernst Ruska Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Martin Dulle
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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49
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Xia C, Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Wang D, Meeldijk JD, Gerritsen HC, Bals S, de Mello Donega C. Seeded Growth Combined with Cation Exchange for the Synthesis of Anisotropic Cu 2-x S/ZnS, Cu 2-x S, and CuInS 2 Nanorods. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:102-116. [PMID: 33456135 PMCID: PMC7808334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal copper(I) sulfide (Cu2-x S) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention for a wide range of applications because of their unique optoelectronic properties, driving scientists to explore the potential of using Cu2-x S NCs as seeds in the synthesis of heteronanocrystals to achieve new multifunctional materials. Herein, we developed a multistep synthesis strategy toward Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods. The Janus-type Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods are obtained by the injection of hexagonal high-chalcocite Cu2-x S seed NCs in a hot zinc oleate solution in the presence of suitable surfactants, 20 s after the injection of sulfur precursors. The Cu2-x S seed NCs undergo rapid aggregation and coalescence in the first few seconds after the injection, forming larger NCs that act as the effective seeds for heteronucleation and growth of ZnS. The ZnS heteronucleation occurs on a single (100) facet of the Cu2-x S seed NCs and is followed by fast anisotropic growth along a direction that is perpendicular to the c-axis, thus leading to Cu2-x S/ZnS Janus-type heteronanorods with a sharp heterointerface. Interestingly, the high-chalcocite crystal structure of the injected Cu2-x S seed NCs is preserved in the Cu2-x S segments of the heteronanorods because of the high-thermodynamic stability of this Cu2-x S phase. The Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods are subsequently converted into single-component Cu2-x S and CuInS2 nanorods by postsynthetic topotactic cation exchange. This work expands the possibilities for the rational synthesis of colloidal multicomponent heteronanorods by allowing the design principles of postsynthetic heteroepitaxial seeded growth and nanoscale cation exchange to be combined, yielding access to a plethora of multicomponent heteronanorods with diameters in the quantum confinement regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Xia
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Da Wang
- EMAT-University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C. Gerritsen
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT-University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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50
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In situ NMR reveals real-time nanocrystal growth evolution via monomer-attachment or particle-coalescence. Nat Commun 2021; 12:229. [PMID: 33431908 PMCID: PMC7801738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding inorganic nanocrystal (NC) growth dynamic pathways under their native fabrication environment remains a central goal of science, as it is crucial for rationalizing novel nanoformulations with desired architectures and functionalities. We here present an in-situ method for quantifying, in real time, NCs' size evolution at sub-nm resolution, their concentration, and reactants consumption rate for studying NC growth mechanisms. Analyzing sequential high-resolution liquid-state 19F-NMR spectra obtained in-situ and validating by ex-situ cryoTEM, we explore the growth evolution of fluoride-based NCs (CaF2 and SrF2) in water, without disturbing the synthesis conditions. We find that the same nanomaterial (CaF2) can grow by either a particle-coalescence or classical-growth mechanism, as regulated by the capping ligand, resulting in different crystallographic properties and functional features of the fabricated NC. The ability to reveal, in real time, mechanistic pathways at which NCs grow open unique opportunities for tunning the properties of functional materials.
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