1
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Kwon YS, Han Z. Advanced nanomedicines for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39177654 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01917b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The critical and unmet medical need for novel therapeutic advancements in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cannot be overstated, particularly given the aging global population and the increasing prevalence of this condition. Current AMD therapy involves intravitreal treatments that require monthly or bimonthly injections to maintain optimal efficacy. This underscores the necessity for improved approaches, prompting recent research into developing advanced drug delivery systems to prolong the intervals between treatments. Nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches have enabled the controlled release of drugs, targeted delivery of therapeutic materials, and development of smart solutions for the harsh microenvironment of diseased tissues, offering a new perspective on ocular disease treatment. This review emphasizes the latest pre-clinical treatment options in ocular drug delivery to the retina and explores the advantages of nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches, with a focus on AMD, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Su Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
| | - Zongchao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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2
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Motovilov KA, Mostert AB. Melanin: Nature's 4th bioorganic polymer. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:5635-5651. [PMID: 39012013 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00491d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The pigments known as the melanins are widely recognized for their responsibility in the coloration of human skin, eyes, hair, and minimising the harmful effects of solar ultraviolet radiation. But specialists are aware that the melanins are present in all living kingdoms, barring viruses, and have functionality that extends beyond neutralizing ionising radiation. The ubiquitous presence of melanin in almost all human organs, recognized in recent years, as well as the presence of melanin in organisms that are evolutionarily distant from each other, indicate the fundamental importance of this class of material for all life forms. In this review, we argue for the need to accept melanins as the fourth primordial class of biological polymers, along with nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides. We consistently compare the properties of these canonical biological polymers with the properties of melanin and highlight key features that fundamentally distinguish melanins, their function and its mysteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Motovilov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprudny 141701, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - A B Mostert
- Department of Physics and Centre for Integrative Semiconductor Materials, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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3
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Shen Y, Su R, Altug H, Liu Z, Zhang X, Xu X, Liang Y, Kong J, Li Q, Wang Y, Qi W. Bioinspired Three-Component System to Prepare Full-Color Functional Biomimetic Pigments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39042762 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Nature provides a great source of inspiration for the development of sustainable materials with excellent properties, among which melanin with optical, electronic, and radiation protection properties are considered to be promising coloring materials. However, compared to chemical pigments, the single color, complex oxidation process, and poor solubility of natural melanin strongly limit their further applications. Here, we introduce a series of melanin-like polymeric pigments with amino acid-encoded physicochemical properties by a simple three-component reaction system. Our protocol enables artificial control of the chromophore structures through the rational design of the substrates and dopants, thereby combining the safety and functionality of biopigments with the color richness of chemical dyes. Similar to the photoprotective effect of natural melanin, the polymeric pigments showed excellent antioxidant activity in reducing free radicals and have the advantages of iridescent color, strong tinting strength, stability, and affordability. Furthermore, due to their ability to dye substrates, these biomimetic are expected to become new low-cost bioactive chromophores and find various biochemical applications such as in clothing and hair dyeing, food addition, and anticounterfeiting detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hatice Altug
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zekai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jia Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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4
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Pang M, Xu R, Xi R, Yao H, Bao K, Peng R, Zhi H, Zhang K, He R, Su Y, Liu X, Ming D. Molecular understanding of the therapeutic potential of melanin inhibiting natural products. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2226-2253. [PMID: 39026645 PMCID: PMC11253861 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00224e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, there is an increasing demand for melanin-inhibiting products that prioritize health, safety, and efficacy. Therefore, the development of natural products that can safely and efficiently inhibit melanin synthesis is of great social significance and has significant market potential. In this paper, by reviewing the literature reported in recent years, we summarized the natural products with inhibition of melanin synthesis effects that have been put into or not yet put into the market, and classified them according to the chemical groups of their compounds or the extraction methods of the natural products. Through the summary analysis, we found that these compounds mainly include terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and so on, while the natural product extracts mainly include methanol extracts, ethanol extracts, and aqueous extracts. Their main inhibition of melanin synthesis mechanisms include: (1) direct inhibition of tyrosinase activity; (2) down-regulation of the α-MSH-MC1R, Wnt, NO, PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways through the expression of MITF and its downstream genes TYR, TRP-1, and TRP-2; (3) antioxidant; (4) inhibition of melanocyte growth through cytotoxicity; (5) inhibition of melanosome production and transport. This paper provides an in-depth discussion on the research progress of whitening natural products and their market value. The aim is to offer guidance for future research and development of natural skin whitening products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Pang
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Ruitian Xu
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Rongjiao Xi
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Hong Yao
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Kechen Bao
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Rui Peng
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Hui Zhi
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Runnan He
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Yanfang Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital 154 Anshan Street, Heping District 300052 Tianjin China
| | - Xiuyun Liu
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Dong Ming
- Medical School, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin China +(86) 13562488561
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices 300072 Tianjin China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration 300072 Tianjin China
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5
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Pretzler M, Rompel A. Mushroom Tyrosinase: Six Isoenzymes Catalyzing Distinct Reactions. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400050. [PMID: 38386893 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
"Mushroom tyrosinase" from the common button mushroom is the most frequently used source of tyrosinase activity, both for basic and applied research. Here, the complete tyrosinase family from Agaricus bisporus var. bisporus (abPPO1-6) was cloned from mRNA and expressed heterologously using a single protocol. All six isoenzymes accept a wide range of phenolic and catecholic substrates, but display pronounced differences in their specificity and enzymatic reaction rate. AbPPO3 ignores γ-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (GHB), a natural phenol present in mM concentrations in A. bisporus, while AbPPO4 processes 100 μM GHB at 4-times the rate of the catechol l-DOPA. All six AbPPOs are biochemically distinct enzymes fit for different roles in the fungal life cycle, which challenges the traditional concept of isoenzymes as catalyzing the same physiological reaction and varying only in secondary properties. Transferring this approach to other enzymes and organisms will greatly stimulate both the study of the in vivo function(s) of enzymes and the application of these highly efficient catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Pretzler
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Wien, Austria
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6
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Schifano F, Magnaghi LR, Monzani E, Casella L, Biesuz R. Exploiting Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reveal temperature, buffer and metal ions' role in neuromelanin (NM) synthesis by dopamine (DA) oxidative polymerization. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 256:112548. [PMID: 38593610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neuromelanin (NM) plays a well-established role in neurological disorders pathogenesis; the mechanism of action is still discussed and the investigations in this field are limited by NM's complex and heterogeneous composition, insolubility, and low availability from human brains. An alternative can be offered by synthetic NM obtained from dopamine (DA) oxidative polymerization; however, a deep knowledge of the influence of both physicochemical parameters (T, pH, ionic strength) and other compounds in the reaction media (buffer, metal ions, other catecholamines) on DA oxidation process and, consequently, on synthetic NM features is mandatory to develop reliable NM preparation methodologies. To partially fulfill this aim, the present work focuses on defining the role of temperature, buffer and metal ions on both DA oxidation rate and DA oligomer size. DA oxidation in the specific conditions is monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is run either on the raw spectra to model the background absorption increase, related to small DA oligomers formation, or on their first derivative to rationalize DA consumption. After having studied three case studies, 3-Way PCA is applied to directly evaluate the effect of temperature and buffer type on DA oxidation in the presence of different metal ions. Despite the proof-of-concept nature of the work and the number of compounds still to be included in the investigation, the preliminary results and the possibility to further expand the chemometric approach represent an interesting contribution to the field of in vitro simulation of NM synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Schifano
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy; IUSS School for Advanced Studies of Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lisa Rita Magnaghi
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy; INSTM, Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Via G. Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy.
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Raffaela Biesuz
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Chimica, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy; INSTM, Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Via G. Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy
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7
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Liu X, Peng Y, Zhang X, Wang X, Chen W, Kou X, Liang H, Ren W, Khan MZ, Wang C. Coloration in Equine: Overview of Candidate Genes Associated with Coat Color Phenotypes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1802. [PMID: 38929421 PMCID: PMC11200706 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Variation in coat color among equids has attracted significant interest in genetics and breeding research. The range of colors is primarily determined by the type, concentration, and distribution of melanin pigments, with the balance between eumelanin and pheomelanin influenced by numerous genetic factors. Advances in genomic and sequencing technologies have enabled the identification of several candidate genes that influence coat color, thereby clarifying the genetic basis of these diverse phenotypes. In this review, we concisely categorize coat coloration in horses and donkeys, focusing on the biosynthesis and types of melanin involved in pigmentation. Moreover, we highlight the regulatory roles of some key candidate genes, such as MC1R, TYR, MITF, ASIP, and KIT, in coat color variation. Moreover, the review explores how coat color relates to selective breeding and specific equine diseases, offering valuable insights for developing breeding strategies that enhance both the esthetic and health aspects of equine species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
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8
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Xie W, Dhinojwala A, Gianneschi NC, Shawkey MD. Interactions of Melanin with Electromagnetic Radiation: From Fundamentals to Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7165-7213. [PMID: 38758918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Melanin, especially integumentary melanin, interacts in numerous ways with electromagnetic radiation, leading to a set of critical functions, including radiation protection, UV-protection, pigmentary and structural color productions, and thermoregulation. By harnessing these functions, melanin and melanin-like materials can be widely applied to diverse applications with extraordinary performance. Here we provide a unified overview of the melanin family (all melanin and melanin-like materials) and their interactions with the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum (X-ray, Gamma-ray, UV, visible, near-infrared), which until now has been absent from the literature and is needed to establish a solid fundamental base to facilitate their future investigation and development. We begin by discussing the chemistries and morphologies of both natural and artificial melanin, then the fundamentals of melanin-radiation interactions, and finally the exciting new developments in high-performance melanin-based functional materials that exploit these interactions. This Review provides both a comprehensive overview and a discussion of future perspectives for each subfield of melanin that will help direct the future development of melanin from both fundamental and applied perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie Xie
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructure Group, University of Ghent, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Ali Dhinojwala
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew D Shawkey
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructure Group, University of Ghent, Gent 9000, Belgium
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9
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Wang X, Zhang J, Yang L, Wang T, Duan G, Gu Z, Li Y. Eumelanin-like Poly(levodopa) Nanoscavengers for Inflammation Disease Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2563-2573. [PMID: 38485470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In the current years, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) have been extensively investigated as an eumelanin mimic. However, unlike natural eumelanin, PDA NPs contain no 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA)-derived units and may be limited in certain intrinsic properties; superior eumelanin-like nanomaterials are still actively being sought. Levodopa (l-DOPA) is a natural eumelanin precursor and expected to convert into DHICA and further remain within the final product through covalent or physical interactions. Herein, poly(levodopa) nanoparticles [P(l-DOPA) NPs] were synthesized with the assistance of zinc oxide as a supplement to synthetic eumelanin. This study found that P(l-DOPA) NPs had ∼90% DHICA-derived subunits on their surface and exhibited superior antioxidant activity compared to PDA NPs due to their looser polymeric microstructure. Benefitting from a stronger ROS scavenging ability, P(l-DOPA) NPs outperformed PDA NPs in treating cellular oxidative stress and acute inflammation. This research opens up new possibilities for the development and application of novel melanin-like materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianheng Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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10
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Walker KT, Li IS, Keane J, Goosens VJ, Song W, Lee KY, Ellis T. Self-pigmenting textiles grown from cellulose-producing bacteria with engineered tyrosinase expression. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02194-3. [PMID: 38565971 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Environmental concerns are driving interest in postpetroleum synthetic textiles produced from microbial and fungal sources. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising sustainable leather alternative, on account of its material properties, low infrastructure needs and biodegradability. However, for alternative textiles like BC to be fully sustainable, alternative ways to dye textiles need to be developed alongside alternative production methods. To address this, we genetically engineer Komagataeibacter rhaeticus to create a bacterial strain that grows self-pigmenting BC. Melanin biosynthesis in the bacteria from recombinant tyrosinase expression achieves dark black coloration robust to material use. Melanated BC production can be scaled up for the construction of prototype fashion products, and we illustrate the potential of combining engineered self-pigmentation with tools from synthetic biology, through the optogenetic patterning of gene expression in cellulose-producing bacteria. With this study, we demonstrate that combining genetic engineering with current and future methods of textile biofabrication has the potential to create a new class of textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth T Walker
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ivy S Li
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Vivianne J Goosens
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wenzhe Song
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Koon-Yang Lee
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Ellis
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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11
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Gong LL, Ma YF, Zhang MQ, Feng HY, Zhou YY, Zhao YQ, Hull JJ, Dewer Y, He M, He P. The melanin pigment gene black mediates body pigmentation and courtship behaviour in the German cockroach Blattella germanica. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 114:271-280. [PMID: 38623047 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485324000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Genes involved in melanin production directly impact insect pigmentation and can affect diverse physiology and behaviours. The role these genes have on sex behaviour, however, is unclear. In the present study, the crucial melanin pigment gene black was functionally characterised in an urban pest, the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. RNAi knockdown of B. germanica black (Bgblack) had no effect on survival, but did result in black pigmentation of the thoraxes, abdomens, heads, wings, legs, antennae, and cerci due to cuticular accumulation of melanin. Sex-specific variation in the pigmentation pattern was apparent, with females exhibiting darker coloration on the abdomen and thorax than males. Bgblack knockdown also resulted in wing deformation and negatively impacted the contact sex pheromone-based courtship behaviour of males. This study provides evidence for black function in multiple aspects of B. germanica biology and opens new avenues of exploration for novel pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Lang Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yun-Feng Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Meng-Qi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yang-Yuntao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - J Joe Hull
- USDA-ARS Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa AZ, 85138, USA
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Phytotoxicity Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, 7 Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ming He
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Peng He
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
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12
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Liu S, Ding R, Yuan J, Zhang X, Deng X, Xie Y, Wang Z. Melanin-Inspired Composite Materials: From Nanoarchitectonics to Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3001-3018. [PMID: 38195388 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic melanin is a mimic of natural melanin analogue with intriguing properties such as metal-ion chelation, redox activity, adhesion, and broadband absorption. Melanin-inspired composite materials are formulated by assembly of melanin with other types of inorganic and organic components to target, combine, and build up the functionality, far beyond their natural capabilities. Developing efficient and universal methodologies to prepare melanin-based composite materials with unique functionality is vital for their further applications. In this review, we summarize three types of synthetic approaches, predoping, surface engineering, and physical blending, to access various melanin-inspired composite materials with distinctive structure and properties. The applications of melanin-inspired composite materials in free radical scavenging, bioimaging, antifouling, and catalytic applications are also reviewed. This review also concludes current challenges that must be addressed and research opportunities in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiaxin Yuan
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xicheng Zhang
- The Department of Vascular Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyong Deng
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yijun Xie
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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13
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Beaumet M, Lazinski LM, Maresca M, Haudecoeur R. Catechol-mimicking transition-state analogues as non-oxidizable inhibitors of tyrosinases. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115672. [PMID: 37487307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinases are copper-containing metalloenzymes involved in several processes in both mammals, insects, bacteria, fungi and plants. Their phenol oxidation properties are especially responsible for human melanogenesis, potentially leading to abnormal pigmentation, and for postharvest vegetable tissue browning. Thus, targeting tyrosinases attracts interest for applications both in dermocosmetic and agrofood fields. However, a large part of the literature about tyrosinase inhibitors is dedicated to the report of copper-interacting phenolic compounds, that are more likely alternative substrates leading to undesirable toxic quinones production. To circumvent this issue, the use of catechol-mimicking copper-chelating groups that are analogues of the tyrosinase oxidation transition state appears as a valuable strategy. Relying on several non-oxidizable pyridinone, pyrone or tropolone moieties, innovative inhibitors were developed, especially within the past decade, and the best reported analogues reached IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Herein, we review the design, the activity against several tyrosinases, and the proposed binding modes of reported catechol-mimicking, non-oxidizable molecules, in light of recent structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morane Beaumet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013, Marseille, France
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14
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Michalak M. Plant Extracts as Skin Care and Therapeutic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15444. [PMID: 37895122 PMCID: PMC10607442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural ingredients have been used for centuries for skin treatment and care. Interest in the health effects of plants has recently increased due to their safety and applicability in the formulation of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Long-known plant materials as well as newly discovered ones are increasingly being used in natural products of plant origin. This review highlights the beneficial effects of plants and plant constituents on the skin, including moisturizing (e.g., Cannabis sativa, Hydrangea serrata, Pradosia mutisii and Carthamus tinctorius), anti-aging (e.g., Aegopodium podagraria, Euphorbia characias, Premna odorata and Warburgia salutaris), antimicrobial (e.g., Betula pendula and Epilobium angustifolium), antioxidant (e.g., Kadsura coccinea, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rubus idaeus and Spatholobus suberectus), anti-inflammatory (e.g., Antidesma thwaitesianum, Helianthus annuus, Oenanthe javanica, Penthorum chinense, Ranunculus bulumei and Zanthoxylum bungeanum), regenerative (e.g., Aloe vera, Angelica polymorpha, Digitaria ciliaris, Glycyrrihza glabra and Marantodes pumilum), wound healing (e.g., Agrimonia eupatoria, Astragalus floccosus, Bursera morelensis, Jatropha neopauciflora and Sapindus mukorossi), photoprotective (e.g., Astragalus gombiformis, Calea fruticose, Euphorbia characias and Posoqueria latifolia) and anti-tyrosinase activity (e.g., Aerva lanata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Dodonaea viscosa, Lonicera japonica and Schisandra chinensis), as well as their role as excipients in cosmetics (coloring (e.g., Beta vulgaris, Centaurea cyanus, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Rubia tinctiorum), protective and aromatic agents (e.g., Hyssopus officinalis, Melaleuca alternifolia, Pelargonium graveolens and Verbena officinalis)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Michalak
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 35-317 Kielce, Poland
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15
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Wang K, Mao W, Song X, Chen M, Feng W, Peng B, Chen Y. Reactive X (where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) species nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6957-7035. [PMID: 37743750 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, carbonyl, chlorine, bromine, and iodine species (RXS, where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) have important roles in various normal physiological processes and act as essential regulators of cell metabolism; their inherent biological activities govern cell signaling, immune balance, and tissue homeostasis. However, an imbalance between RXS production and consumption will induce the occurrence and development of various diseases. Due to the considerable progress of nanomedicine, a variety of nanosystems that can regulate RXS has been rationally designed and engineered for restoring RXS balance to halt the pathological processes of different diseases. The invention of radical-regulating nanomaterials creates the possibility of intriguing projects for disease treatment and promotes advances in nanomedicine. In this comprehensive review, we summarize, discuss, and highlight very-recent advances in RXS-based nanomedicine for versatile disease treatments. This review particularly focuses on the types and pathological effects of these reactive species and explores the biological effects of RXS-based nanomaterials, accompanied by a discussion and the outlook of the challenges faced and future clinical translations of RXS nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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16
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Song W, Yang H, Liu S, Yu H, Li D, Li P, Xing R. Melanin: insights into structure, analysis, and biological activities for future development. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7528-7543. [PMID: 37432655 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanin, a widely distributed pigment found in various organisms, possesses distinct structures that can be classified into five main types: eumelanin (found in animals and plants), pheomelanin (found in animals and plants), allomelanin (found in plants), neuromelanin (found in animals), and pyomelanin (found in fungi and bacteria). In this review, we present an overview of the structure and composition of melanin, as well as the various spectroscopic identification methods that can be used, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). We also provide a summary of the extraction methods of melanin and its diverse biological activities, including antibacterial properties, anti-radiation effects, and photothermal effects. The current state of research on natural melanin and its potential for further development is discussed. In particular, the review provides a comprehensive summary of the analysis methods used to determine melanin species, offering valuable insights and references for future research. Overall, this review aims to provide a thorough understanding of the concept and classification of melanin, its structure, physicochemical properties, and structural identification methods, as well as its various applications in the field of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Song
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
| | - Haoyue Yang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266000, China
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Abstract
Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for advancing fields such as photomedicine, photoredox catalysis, environmental science, and the development of sun care products. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of endogenous photosensitizers in human skin, investigating the connections between their electronic excitation and the subsequent activation or damage of organic biomolecules. We gather the physicochemical and photochemical properties of key endogenous photosensitizers and examine the relationships between their chemical reactivity, location within the skin, and the primary biochemical events following solar radiation exposure, along with their influence on skin physiology and pathology. An important take-home message of this review is that photosensitization allows visible light and UV-A radiation to have large effects on skin. The analysis presented here unveils potential causes for the continuous increase in global skin cancer cases and emphasizes the limitations of current sun protection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick L Bastos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank H Quina
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício S Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Yang T, Qiu L, Chen S, Wang Z, Jiang Y, Bai H, Bi Y, Chang G. Combine with RNA-seq Reveals the Effect of Melatonin in the Synthesis of Melanin in Primary Melanocytes of Silky Fowls Black-Bone Chicken. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1648. [PMID: 37628699 PMCID: PMC10454632 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: It was found that the melanin of black-bone chicken has various effects such as scavenging DPPH free radicals and anti-oxidation, and the synthesis of melanin is affected by various factors including hormones. In addition, several studies have found that melatonin affects the melanoma cell synthesis of melanin, which has not been reported in chicken primary melanocytes; so, relevant studies were conducted. (2) Methods: In this study, chicken primary melanocytes were isolated and characterized, and then melanocytes were treated with different concentrations of melatonin to investigate the effects of melatonin on melanin synthesis in chicken melanocytes in terms of melanin synthesis-related genes, melanin content, and tyrosinase activity, and combined with RNA seq to detect the change in gene expression level of chicken melanocytes after melatonin treatment. (3) Results: We isolated and characterized primary melanocytes, and indirect immunofluorescence assay results showed positive melanocyte marker genes. RT-qPCR results showed that melatonin decreased the expression of melanin synthesis-related genes. In addition, melatonin reduced the melanin content and decreased the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes in the treated group. A total of 1703 differentially expressed genes were screened by RNA-seq, and in addition, in the KEGG results, the signaling pathway associated with melanin synthesis, and the mTOR signaling pathway were enriched. (4) Conclusions: Melatonin could decrease the synthesis of melanin in chicken primary melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
| | - Lingling Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
| | - Shihao Chen
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Zhixiu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
| | - Hao Bai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yulin Bi
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
| | - Guobin Chang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.Y.); (L.Q.); (Z.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.B.)
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19
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Liu W, Yu Y, Cheng W, Wang X, Zhou M, Xu B, Wang P, Wang Q. D-A Structured High-Performance Photothermal/Photodynamic Thionin-Synthetic Melanin Nanoparticles for Rapid Bactericidal and Wound Healing Effects. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203303. [PMID: 37023477 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthesized melanin nanoparticles (SMNPs) are used as advanced photothermal materials. However, their internal structures are complex and disordered, and tuning the photothermal performance of nanoparticles is still a hot spot of concern. This article presents thionin (Th)-doped SMNPs, namely Th-SMNPs, which are the first SMNPs formed using the one-pot polymerization of Th with Levodopa. Th can undergo Michael addition and Schiff base reaction between indole dihydroxy/indolequinone and their oligomers to form donor-acceptor pairs in the structure to modulate the photothermal performance of SMNPs. Structural and spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory simulations further confirm the existence of the donor-acceptor structure. Th-SMNPs exhibit excellent total photothermal efficiency (34.49%) in the near-infrared region (808 nm), which is a 60% improvement compared to SMNPs. This allows Th-SMNPs to exhibit excellent photothermal performance at low power 808 nm laser irradiation. Meanwhile, Th not only enhances the photothermal properties of SMNPs, but also imparts photodynamic effects to SMNPs. Th-SMNPs can produce 1 O2 under 660 nm laser irradiation. A dual-function photothermal and photodynamic textile named Th-SMNPs@cotton is constructed based on Th-SMNPs, which can act as a rapid photothermal/photodynamic sterilization and is promising for wound healing treatment of bacterial infections under low-power dual laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Man Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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20
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Wakamatsu K, Ito S. Recent Advances in Characterization of Melanin Pigments in Biological Samples. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098305. [PMID: 37176019 PMCID: PMC10179066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The melanin pigments eumelanin (EM) and pheomelanin (PM), which are dark brown to black and yellow to reddish-brown, respectively, are widely found among vertebrates. They are produced in melanocytes in the epidermis, hair follicles, the choroid, the iris, the inner ear, and other tissues. The diversity of colors in animals is mainly caused by the quantity and quality of their melanin, such as by the ratios of EM versus PM. We have developed micro-analytical methods to simultaneously measure EM and PM and used these to study the biochemical and genetic fundamentals of pigmentation. The photoreactivity of melanin has become a major focus of research because of the postulated relevance of EM and PM for the risk of UVA-induced melanoma. Our biochemical methods have found application in many clinical studies on genetic conditions associated with alterations in pigmentation. Recently, besides chemical degradative methods, other methods have been developed for the characterization of melanin, and these are also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-192, Aichi, Japan
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21
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Sakamoto A, Hirobe T. Isolation of a new line of Syrian hamster having a novel p.Leu262Pro mutation of tyrosinase with progressive pigmentation in its eyes and ears. J Dermatol Sci 2023:S0923-1811(23)00112-3. [PMID: 37147248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiji Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Hirobe
- Fukushima Project Headquarters, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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22
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Characterization of Spontaneous Melanization by Fluorescence Spectroscopy: A Basis for Analytical Application to Biological Substrates. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030433. [PMID: 36979125 PMCID: PMC10044826 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is present in various biological substrates where it may participate in several processes, from innate immunity to the still-unsolved opposite roles in antioxidant protection, including photoprotection and the related ability to interact with light. Melanin–light interaction has also been an important source of inspiration for the development of innovative bioengineering applications. These are based on melanin’s light-energy-absorption ability of its chemically and structurally complex components and precursors, and on the improvement in analytical and diagnostic procedures in biomedicine. In this regard, here, we characterized the fluorescence spectral properties of melanin and of its precursor L-tyrosine in an aqueous solution during spontaneous melanization. Besides the confirmation of the typical fluorescence-emission signature of melanin and L-tyrosine, we provide additional insights on both emission and excitation spectra recorded during melanization. On these bases, we performed a subsequent characterization on the aqueous extracts from two different melanin-containing biological substrates, namely hairs from a domestic black cat and eggs from the Asian tiger mosquito. The results from the mild extraction procedure, purposely applied to obtain only the soluble components, combined with fluorescence spectral analysis are expected to promote further investigation of the melanization processes, particularly in insects.
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23
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Emri E, Cappa O, Kelly C, Kortvely E, SanGiovanni JP, McKay BS, Bergen AA, Simpson DA, Lengyel I. Zinc Supplementation Induced Transcriptional Changes in Primary Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium: A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study to Understand Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2023; 12:773. [PMID: 36899910 PMCID: PMC10000409 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc supplementation has been shown to be beneficial to slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the molecular mechanism underpinning this benefit is not well understood. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to identify transcriptomic changes induced by zinc supplementation. Human primary retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells could mature for up to 19 weeks. After 1 or 18 weeks in culture, we supplemented the culture medium with 125 µM added zinc for one week. RPE cells developed high transepithelial electrical resistance, extensive, but variable pigmentation, and deposited sub-RPE material similar to the hallmark lesions of AMD. Unsupervised cluster analysis of the combined transcriptome of the cells isolated after 2, 9, and 19 weeks in culture showed considerable heterogeneity. Clustering based on 234 pre-selected RPE-specific genes divided the cells into two distinct clusters, we defined as more and less differentiated cells. The proportion of more differentiated cells increased with time in culture, but appreciable numbers of cells remained less differentiated even at 19 weeks. Pseudotemporal ordering identified 537 genes that could be implicated in the dynamics of RPE cell differentiation (FDR < 0.05). Zinc treatment resulted in the differential expression of 281 of these genes (FDR < 0.05). These genes were associated with several biological pathways with modulation of ID1/ID3 transcriptional regulation. Overall, zinc had a multitude of effects on the RPE transcriptome, including several genes involved in pigmentation, complement regulation, mineralization, and cholesterol metabolism processes associated with AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Emri
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
- Section Ophthalmogenetics, Department of Human Genetics, Queen Emma Centre for Precision Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oisin Cappa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Caoimhe Kelly
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Elod Kortvely
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology (I2O) Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Paul SanGiovanni
- Biosciences Research Laboratories, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1230 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Brian S. McKay
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, 1656 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Arthur A. Bergen
- Section Ophthalmogenetics, Department of Human Genetics, Queen Emma Centre for Precision Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN-KNAW), 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David A. Simpson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
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24
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Guo L, Li W, Gu Z, Wang L, Guo L, Ma S, Li C, Sun J, Han B, Chang J. Recent Advances and Progress on Melanin: From Source to Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054360. [PMID: 36901791 PMCID: PMC10002160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a biological pigment formed by indoles and phenolic compounds. It is widely found in living organisms and has a variety of unique properties. Due to its diverse characteristics and good biocompatibility, melanin has become the focus in the fields of biomedicine, agriculture, the food industry, etc. However, due to the wide range of melanin sources, complex polymerization properties, and low solubility of specific solvents, the specific macromolecular structure and polymerization mechanism of melanin remain unclear, which significantly limits the further study and application of melanin. Its synthesis and degradation pathways are also controversial. In addition, new properties and applications of melanin are constantly being discovered. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the research of melanin in all aspects. Firstly, the classification, source, and degradation of melanin are summarized. Secondly, a detailed description of the structure, characterization, and properties of melanin is followed. The novel biological activity of melanin and its application is described at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Wenya Li
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Zhiyang Gu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Litong Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Lan Guo
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Saibo Ma
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Cuiyao Li
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Jishang Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Baoqin Han
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Jing Chang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
- Correspondence:
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25
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Singh A, Mason TG, Lu Z, Hill AJ, Pas SJ, Teo BM, Freeman BD, Izgorodina EI. Structural elucidation of polydopamine facilitated by ionic liquid solvation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:14700-14710. [PMID: 36806848 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05439f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Minimal understanding of the formation mechanism and structure of polydopamine (pDA) and its natural analogue, eumelanin, impedes the practical application of these versatile polymers and limits our knowledge of the origin of melanoma. The lack of conclusive structural evidence stems from the insolubility of these materials, which has spawned significantly diverse suggestions of pDA's structure in the literature. We discovered that pDA is soluble in certain ionic liquids. Using these ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents, we present an experimental methodology to solvate pDA, enabling us to identify pDA's chemical structure. The resolved pDA structure consists of self-assembled supramolecular aggregates that contribute to the increasing complexity of the polymer. The underlying molecular energetics of pDA solvation and a macroscopic picture of the disruption of the aggregates using IL solvents have been investigated, along with studies of the aggregation mechanism in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Singh
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia. .,IITB-Monash Research Academy, Bombay 400076, India
| | - Thomas G Mason
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Zhenzhen Lu
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Anita J Hill
- Manufacturing, CSIRO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Steven J Pas
- Maritime Division, Defence Science and Technology Group, Department of Defence, 506 Lorimer St Fisherman's Bend, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - Boon Mia Teo
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Benny D Freeman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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26
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Halloran MW, Li E, Esguerra KVN, Lumb JP. A Bioinspired Synthesis of 1,4-Benzothiazines by Selective Addition of Sulfur Nucleophiles to ortho-Quinones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2561-2569. [PMID: 36719706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a bioinspired approach to the synthesis of 1,4-benzothiazines by drawing inspiration from the biosynthesis of pheomelanin pigments (pheomelanogenesis). In this context, general conditions for the regioselective coupling reaction between ortho-quinones and thiols were developed. The mild conditions proved amenable to a wide scope of both thiol and ortho-quinone coupling partners while simultaneously suppressing redox-exchange. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated by a synthesis of 1,4-benzothiazines, following a biomimetic, oxidative cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Halloran
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Li
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Kenneth Virgel N Esguerra
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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27
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Fernandes B, Cavaco-Paulo A, Matamá T. A Comprehensive Review of Mammalian Pigmentation: Paving the Way for Innovative Hair Colour-Changing Cosmetics. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020290. [PMID: 36829566 PMCID: PMC9953601 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural colour of hair shafts is formed at the bulb of hair follicles, and it is coupled to the hair growth cycle. Three critical processes must happen for efficient pigmentation: (1) melanosome biogenesis in neural crest-derived melanocytes, (2) the biochemical synthesis of melanins (melanogenesis) inside melanosomes, and (3) the transfer of melanin granules to surrounding pre-cortical keratinocytes for their incorporation into nascent hair fibres. All these steps are under complex genetic control. The array of natural hair colour shades are ascribed to polymorphisms in several pigmentary genes. A myriad of factors acting via autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms also contributes for hair colour diversity. Given the enormous social and cosmetic importance attributed to hair colour, hair dyeing is today a common practice. Nonetheless, the adverse effects of the long-term usage of such cosmetic procedures demand the development of new methods for colour change. In this context, case reports of hair lightening, darkening and repigmentation as a side-effect of the therapeutic usage of many drugs substantiate the possibility to tune hair colour by interfering with the biology of follicular pigmentary units. By scrutinizing mammalian pigmentation, this review pinpoints key targetable processes for the development of innovative cosmetics that can safely change the hair colour from the inside out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fernandes
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.-P.); (T.M.); Tel.: +351-253-604-409 (A.C.-P.); +351-253-601-599 (T.M.)
| | - Teresa Matamá
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.-P.); (T.M.); Tel.: +351-253-604-409 (A.C.-P.); +351-253-601-599 (T.M.)
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28
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Valdez-Solana MA, Ventura-García EK, Corral-Guerrero IA, Guzmán de Casa A, Avitia-Domínguez C, Téllez-Valencia A, Sierra-Campos E. In Silico Characterization of the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of the Pink ( Pleurotus djamor var. salmoneostramineus) Oyster Mushroom Chromoprotein. Bioinform Biol Insights 2023; 17:11779322231154139. [PMID: 36776961 PMCID: PMC9912552 DOI: 10.1177/11779322231154139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cap color is an important commercial trait for oyster mushrooms. Various pigment constituents determine a diverse color. However, the pigments of oyster mushrooms are still ambiguous. The pink oyster mushroom (Pleurotus salmoneostramineus or Pleurotus djamor) chromoprotein is one of the few proteins belonging to this fungus that has a record of its sequence of amino acid residues. However, even though there are studies about this chromoprotein isolation, purification, and crystallization, the current information focused on its 3-dimensional model and the cofactor and prosthetic group (3H-indol-3-one) binding sites is unreliable and fragmented. Therefore, in this study, using free online servers such as Prot pi, GalaxyWEB, MIB, and CB-Dock2, a structural analysis and the prediction of its physicochemical and biological properties were conducted, to understand the possible function of this chromoprotein. The obtained results showed that this molecule is a protein with a molecular weight of 23 712.5 Da, an isoelectric point of 7.505, with oligomerization capacity in a dimer and glycation in the Ser6 residue. In addition, the participation of the residues Leu5, Leu8, Lys211, Ala214, and Gln215 in the binding of the prosthetic group to the protein was highlighted; as well as Ser6 and Pro7 are important residues for the interaction of the Mg2+ ion and eumelanin. Likewise, morphological changes based on different culture conditions (light/dark) showed that this protein is constitutive expressed and independent of blue light. The findings in this study demonstrate that pink chromoprotein is a melanosomal protein, and it possibly has a critical role in melanogenesis and the melanin polymerization. However, more experimental studies are needed to predict a possible mechanism of action and type of enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica A Valdez-Solana
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP,
Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, México
| | - Erica K Ventura-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP,
Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, México
| | - Iván A Corral-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP,
Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, México
| | - Atahualpa Guzmán de Casa
- Departamento de Biotecnología y
Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato,
México
| | | | | | - Erick Sierra-Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP,
Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, México,Erick Sierra-Campos, Facultad de Ciencias
Químicas GP, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 S/N
Fracc, Filadelfia, Durango, Gómez Palacio C. P. 35015, México.
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29
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Kongsompong S, E-kobon T, Taengphan W, Sangkhawasi M, Khongkow M, Chumnanpuen P. Computer-Aided Virtual Screening and In Vitro Validation of Biomimetic Tyrosinase Inhibitory Peptides from Abalone Peptidome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043154. [PMID: 36834568 PMCID: PMC9965614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation is a medical and cosmetic problem caused by an excess accumulation of melanin or the overexpression of the enzyme tyrosinase, leading to several skin disorders, i.e., freckles, melasma, and skin cancer. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanogenesis and thus a target for reducing melanin production. Although abalone is a good source of bioactive peptides that have been used for several properties including depigmentation, the available information on the anti-tyrosinase property of abalone peptides remains insufficient. This study investigated the anti-tyrosinase properties of Haliotis diversicolor tyrosinase inhibitory peptides (hdTIPs) based on mushroom tyrosinase, cellular tyrosinase, and melanin content assays. The binding conformation between peptides and tyrosinase was also examined by molecular docking and dynamics study. KNN1 showed a high potent inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase with an IC50 of 70.83 μM. Moreover, our selected hdTIPs could inhibit melanin production through the reductions in tyrosinase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by enhancing the antioxidative enzymes. RF1 showed the highest activity on both cellular tyrosinase inhibition and ROS reduction. leading to the lower melanin content in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Accordingly, it can be assumed that our selected peptides exhibited high potential in medical cosmetology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikarn Kongsompong
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Teerasak E-kobon
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Taengphan
- Expert Centre of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Techno Polis, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Mattanun Sangkhawasi
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mattaka Khongkow
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pramote Chumnanpuen
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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30
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Roulier B, Rush I, Lazinski LM, Pérès B, Olleik H, Royal G, Fishman A, Maresca M, Haudecoeur R. Resorcinol-based hemiindigoid derivatives as human tyrosinase inhibitors and melanogenesis suppressors in human melanoma cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114972. [PMID: 36462443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human tyrosinase (hsTYR) catalyzes the key steps of melanogenesis, making it a privileged target for reducing melanin production in vivo. However, very few hsTYR inhibitors have been reported so far in the literature, whereas thousands of mushroom tyrosinase (abTYR) inhibitors are known. Yet, as these enzymes are actually very different, including at their active sites, there is an urgent need for new true hsTYR inhibitors in order to enable human-directed pharmacological and dermocosmetic applications without encountering the inefficiency and toxicity issues currently triggered by kojic acid or hydroquinone. Starting from the two most active compounds reported to date, i.e. a 2-hydroxypyridine-embedded aurone and thiamidol, we combined herein key structural elements and developed new nanomolar hsTYR inhibitors with cell-based activity. From a complete series of thirty-eight synthesized derivatives, excellent inhibition values were obtained for two compounds in both human melanoma cell lysates and purified hsTYR assays, and a promising improvement was observed in whole cell experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brayan Roulier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Inbal Rush
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Leticia M Lazinski
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Basile Pérès
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Hamza Olleik
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Guy Royal
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Ayelet Fishman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397, Marseille, France
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31
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Zarei M, Lee G, Lee SG, Cho K. Advances in Biodegradable Electronic Skin: Material Progress and Recent Applications in Sensing, Robotics, and Human-Machine Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203193. [PMID: 35737931 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth of the electronics industry and proliferation of electronic materials and telecommunications technologies has led to the release of a massive amount of untreated electronic waste (e-waste) into the environment. Consequently, catastrophic environmental damage at the microbiome level and serious human health diseases threaten the natural fate of the planet. Currently, the demand for wearable electronics for applications in personalized medicine, electronic skins (e-skins), and health monitoring is substantial and growing. Therefore, "green" characteristics such as biodegradability, self-healing, and biocompatibility ensure the future application of wearable electronics and e-skins in biomedical engineering and bioanalytical sciences. Leveraging the biodegradability, sustainability, and biocompatibility of natural materials will dramatically influence the fabrication of environmentally friendly e-skins and wearable electronics. Here, the molecular and structural characteristics of biological skins and artificial e-skins are discussed. The focus then turns to the biodegradable materials, including natural and synthetic-polymer-based materials, and their recent applications in the development of biodegradable e-skin in wearable sensors, robotics, and human-machine interfaces (HMIs). Finally, the main challenges and outlook regarding the preparation and application of biodegradable e-skins are critically discussed in a near-future scenario, which is expected to lead to the next generation of biodegradable e-skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Korea
| | - Giwon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Seung Goo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
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32
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Association of TYR SNP rs1042602 with Melanoma Risk and Prognosis. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122004. [PMID: 36556369 PMCID: PMC9785037 DOI: 10.3390/life12122004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive of skin tumors. In order to discover new biomarkers that could help us improve prognostic prediction in melanoma patients, we have searched for germline DNA variants associated with melanoma progression. Thus, after exome sequencing of a set of melanoma patients and healthy control individuals, we identified rs1042602, an SNP within TYR, as a good candidate. After genotyping rs1042602 in 1025 patients and 773 healthy donors, we found that the rs1042602-A allele was significantly associated with susceptibility to melanoma (CATT test: p = 0.0035). Interestingly, we also observed significant differences between patients with good and bad prognosis (5 years of follow-up) (n = 664) (CATT test for all samples p = 0.0384 and for men alone p = 0.0054). Disease-free-survival (DFS) analyses also showed that patients with the A allele had shorter DFS periods. In men, the association remained significant even in a multivariate Cox Proportional-hazards model, which was adjusted for age at diagnosis, Breslow thickness, ulceration and melanoma subtype (HR 0.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20-0.83; p = 0.0139). Based on our results, we propose that rs1042602-A is a risk allele for melanoma, which also seems to be responsible for a poorer prognosis of the disease, particularly in men.
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33
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Itou T, Ito S, Wakamatsu K. Effects of Aging on Hair Color, Melanosomes, and Melanin Composition in Japanese Males and Their Sex Differences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214459. [PMID: 36430936 PMCID: PMC9693441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we observed that the hair color of Japanese females darkens with age and that the causes of this are the increase in melanosome size, the amount of melanin, and the mol% of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) which has a high absorbance. In this study, we extended the same analyses to male hair to examine the sex differences in hair color, melanin composition, and melanosome morphology. Male hair also tended to darken with age, but it was darker than female hair in those of younger ages. Although there was no age dependence of DHI mol% in male hair, as with female hair, the melanosomes' sizes enlarged with age, the total melanin amount increased, and these findings were correlated with hair color. The analyses, considering age dependence, revealed that there were significant sex differences in the ratio of absorbance of dissolved melanin at the wavelength of 650 nm to 500 nm, in pheomelanin mol%, and in melanosome morphology parameters such as the minor axis. This may be the cause of the sex differences in hair color. Furthermore, the factors related to hair color were analyzed using all the data of the male and female hairs. The results suggested that total melanin amount, pheomelanin mol%, and DHI mol% correlated with hair color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Itou
- Kao Corporation, R&D—Hair Care Products Research, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-562-93-2000; Fax: +81-562-93-9847
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
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34
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Liu W, Yu Y, Cheng W, Zhou M, Cui L, Wang P, Wang Q. Melanin-like nanoparticles loaded with Ag NPs for rapid photothermal sterilization and daily protection of textiles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 219:112829. [PMID: 36137339 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The dual-function antibacterial and photothermal melanin-like nanoparticles (Ag NPs@Fe3+-SMNPs) were prepared and used for fabric modification. The modified fabric had excellent photothermal and antibacterial performance. By Xenon lamp irradiation, the temperature of the fabric surface rises rapidly to over 80 °C in 30 s. The modified fabric had the photothermal sterilization rates of 99% against E. coli or S. aureus after 10 min of Xenon lamp irradiation. Meanwhile, Ag NPs provided excellent antibacterial properties to the modified fabric used in daily life, and the antibacterial rate of the modified fabric was 99%. Additionally, the modified fabric showed excellent air and moisture permeability, and had excellent photothermal and antibacterial properties after 20 times of washing and 100 times of rubbing. The modified fabric was modified with the antibacterial and photothermal dual-function melanin-like nanoparticles, showing great potential in personal protective equipment (such as masks) to meet people's needs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Man Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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35
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Rai RK, Karri R, Dubey KD, Roy G. Regulation of Tyrosinase Enzyme Activity by Glutathione Peroxidase Mimics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9730-9747. [PMID: 35861245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide plays a crucial role in the melanogenesis process by regulating the activity of the key melanin-forming enzyme tyrosinase, responsible for the browning of fruits, vegetables, and seafood. Therefore, a molecule with dual activities, both efficient tyrosinase inhibition and strong hydrogen peroxide degrading ability, may act as a promising antibrowning agent. Herein, we report highly efficient selone-based mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors 2 and 3 with remarkable glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme-like activity. The presence of benzimidazole moiety enhances the tyrosinase inhibition efficiency of selone 2 (IC50 = 0.4 μM) by almost 600 times higher than imidazole-based selone 1 (IC50 = 238 μM). Interestingly, the addition of another aromatic ring to the benzimidazole moiety has led to the development of an efficient lipid-soluble tyrosinase inhibitor 3 (IC50 = 2.4 μM). The selenium center and the -NH group of 2 and 3 are extremely crucial to exhibit high GPx-like activity and tyrosinase inhibition potency. The hydrophobic moiety of the inhibitors (2 and 3) further assists them in tightly binding at the active site of the enzyme and facilitates the C═Se group to strongly coordinate with the copper ions. Inhibitor 2 exhibited excellent antibrowning and polyphenol oxidase inhibition properties in banana and apple juice extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Ramesh Karri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Kshatresh Dutta Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Gouriprasanna Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
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The Combination of Niacinamide, Vitamin C, and PDRN Mitigates Melanogenesis by Modulating Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154923. [PMID: 35956878 PMCID: PMC9370691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) is involved in decreasing melanogenesis through tyrosinase degradation induced by cellular redox changes. Nicotinamide is a component of coenzymes, such as NAD+, NADH, NADP+, and NADPH, and its levels are modulated by NNT. Vitamin C and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) are also known to decrease skin pigmentation. We evaluated whether a mixture of nicotinamide, vitamin C, and PDRN (NVP-mix) decreased melanogenesis by modulating mitochondrial oxidative stress and NNT expression in UV-B-irradiated animals and in an in vitro model of melanocytes treated with conditioned media (CM) from UV-B-irradiated keratinocytes. The expression of NNT, GSH/GSSG, and NADPH/NADP+ in UV-B-irradiated animal skin was significantly decreased by UV-B radiation but increased by NVP-mix treatment. The expression of NNT, GSH/GSSG, and NADPH/NADP+ ratios decreased in melanocytes after CM treatment, although they increased after NVP-mix administration. In NNT-silenced melanocytes, the GSH/GSSG and NADPH/NADP+ ratios were further decreased by CM compared with normal melanocytes. NVP-mix decreased melanogenesis signals, such as MC1R, MITF, TYRP1, and TYRP2, and decreased melanosome transfer-related signals, such as RAB32 and RAB27A, in UV-B-irradiated animal skin. NVP-mix also decreased MC1R, MITF, TYRP1, TYRP2, RAB32, and RAB27A in melanocytes treated with CM from UV-irradiated keratinocytes. The expression of MC1R and MITF in melanocytes after CM treatment was unchanged by NNT silencing. However, the expression of TYRP1, TYRP2, RAB32, and RAB27A increased in NNT-silenced melanocytes after CM treatment. NVP-mix also decreased tyrosinase activity and melanin content in UV-B-irradiated animal skin and CM-treated melanocytes. In conclusion, NVP-mix decreased mitochondrial oxidative stress by increasing NNT expression and decreased melanogenesis by decreasing MC1R/MITF, tyrosinase, TYRP1, and TYRP2.
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Aguilar-Ferrer D, Szewczyk J, Coy E. Recent developments in polydopamine-based photocatalytic nanocomposites for energy production: Physico-chemical properties and perspectives. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Enhanced Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Adlay Bran Fermented with Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation is a traditional technique used to increase nutrients, flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, and the flavor of raw materials. In this study, adlay bran was fermented by Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390 (FAB), and the anti-melanogenic effect was investigated. The results demonstrated that FAB significantly suppressed melanin accumulation in mouse melanogenic B16F10 cells, and the activity was higher than non-fermented adlay bran (NFAB). The molecular mechanism study showed that FAB inhibited melanin synthesis by suppressing the gene expression of melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r), melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (Mitf), tyrosinase (Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Trp-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (Trp-2) genes. Western blotting analysis showed that FAB strongly decreased the expression of Tyr, Trp-1, and Trp-2 compared to NFAB. Furthermore, phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid, which are known for their anti-melanogenic effects, were significantly increased in FAB compared with NFAB. These findings suggest that FAB holds great potential as an anti-melanogenic agent and can be used for the development of whitening cosmetics.
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Boo YC. Metabolic Basis and Clinical Evidence for Skin Lightening Effects of Thiol Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030503. [PMID: 35326153 PMCID: PMC8944565 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin pigment is a major factor in determining the color of the skin, and its abnormal increase or decrease can cause serious pigmentation disorders. The melanin pigment of the skin is divided into light pheomelanin and dark eumelanin, and a big difference between them is whether they contain sulfur. Melanin synthesis starts from a common reaction in which tyrosine or dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) is oxidized by tyrosinase (TYR) to produce dopaquinone (DQ). DQ is spontaneously converted to leukodopachrome and then oxidized to dopachrome, which enters the eumelanin synthesis pathway. When DQ reacts with cysteine, cysteinyl dopa is generated, which is oxidized to cysteinyl DQ and enters the pheomelanin synthesis pathway. Therefore, thiol compounds can influence the relative synthesis of eumelanin and pheomelanin. In addition, thiol compounds can inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to copper ions at the active site of TYR, and act as an antioxidant scavenging reactive oxygen species and free radicals or as a modulator of redox balance, thereby inhibiting overall melanin synthesis. This review will cover the metabolic aspects of thiol compounds, the role of thiol compounds in melanin synthesis, comparison of the antimelanogenic effects of various thiol compounds, and clinical trials on the skin lightening efficacy of thiol compounds. We hope that this review will help identify the advantages and disadvantages of various thiol compounds as modulators of skin pigmentation and contribute to the development of safer and more effective strategies for the treatment of pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea
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Bacil RP, Garcia PH, Serrano SHP. New insights on the electrochemical mechanism of epinephrine on glassy carbon electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Soltani S, Sowlati-Hashjin S, Tetsassi Feugmo CG, Karttunen M. Free Energy and Stacking of Eumelanin Nanoaggregates. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1805-1818. [PMID: 35175060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eumelanin, a member of the melanin family, is a black-brown insoluble pigment. It possesses a broad range of properties such as antioxidation, free radical scavenging, photoprotection, and charge carrier transportation. Surprisingly, the exact molecular structure of eumelanin remains undefined. It is, however, generally considered to consist of two main building blocks, 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6- dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid (DHICA). We focus on DHI and report, for the first time, a computational investigation of the structural properties of DHI-eumelanin aggregates in aqueous solutions. First, multimicrosecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at different concentrations were performed to investigate the aggregation and ordering of tetrameric DHI-eumelanin protomolecules. This was followed by umbrella sampling (US) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study the physical mechanisms of stacking. Aggregation occurs through formation of nanoscale stacks and was observed in all systems. Further analyses showed that aggregation and coarsening of the domains is due to a decrease in hydrogen bonds between the eumelanins and water; while domains exist, there is no long-range order. The results show noncovalent stacks with the interlayer distance between eumelanin protomolecules being less than 3.5 Å. This is in good agreement with transmission electron microscopy data. Both free energy calculations and DFT revealed strong stacking interactions. The electrostatic potential map provides an explanation and a rationale for the slightly sheared relative orientations and, consequently, for the curved shapes of the nanoscale domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Soltani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.,The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Shahin Sowlati-Hashjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Conrard Giresse Tetsassi Feugmo
- National Research Council Canada, Energy Mining and Environment, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 1B1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Choi H, Young Ryu I, Choi I, Ullah S, Jin Jung H, Park Y, Hwang Y, Jeong Y, Hong S, Chun P, Young Chung H, Ryong Moon H. Identification of (Z)-2-benzylidene-dihydroimidazothiazolone derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors: anti-melanogenic effects and in silico studies. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:899-912. [PMID: 35242283 PMCID: PMC8861568 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Il Young Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - YeJi Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
- Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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Synergistic effects of laccase and pectin on the color changes and functional properties of meat analogs containing beet red pigment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1168. [PMID: 35064181 PMCID: PMC8782913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The widening gap between current supply of meat and its future demand has increased the need to produce plant-based meat analogs. Despite ongoing technical developments, one of the unresolved challenges of plant-based meat analogs is to safely and effectively imitate the appearance of raw and cooked animal-based meat, especially the color. This study aimed to develop a more effective and safe browning system for beet red (BR) in plant-based meat analog patties using laccase (LC) and sugar beet pectin (SBP). First, we investigated the synergistic effects of SBP and LC on BR decolorization of meat analog patties. We discovered that the red tones of LC-treated patties containing BR and SBP were remarkably browned after grilling, compared to patties that did not contain SBP. Notably, this color change by LC + SBP was similar to that of beef patties. Additionally, the hardness of LC-treated meat analog patties containing BR was higher than those that did not contain BR. Interestingly, the presence of SBP and LC enhanced the browning reaction and functional properties of meat analogs containing BR. This is the first report on a browning system for meat analogs containing BR using enzymatic methods to the best of our knowledge.
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Büngeler A, Kollmann F, Huber K, Strube OI. Targeted Synthesis of the Type-A Particle Substructure from Enzymatically Produced Eumelanin. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1020-1029. [PMID: 34982545 PMCID: PMC8924864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eumelanin exhibits a defined supramolecular buildup that is deprived of at least three distinct particle species. To enable the full potential of its promising material properties, access to all particle types is crucial. In this work, the first protocol for the synthesis of the intermediate type-A particles in pure and stable dispersion form is described. It is found that aggregation of type-A particles into the larger type-B variant can be inhibited by a strict pH control during the synthesis. The exact influence of pH on the supramolecular buildup is investigated via a combination of time-resolved light scattering, electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. It is observed that a rapid buildup of type-B particles occurs without pH control and is generally dominant at lower pH values. At pH values above 6.2 however, type-A particles are gained, and no further aggregation occurs. Even more, lowering the pH of such a stable type-A dispersion at a later stage lifts the inhibition and again leads to the formation of larger particle species. The results confirm that it is easily possible to halt the aggregation of eumelanin substructures and to access them in the form of a stable dispersion. Moreover, a profound additional understanding of the supramolecular buildup is gained by the in-depth investigation of the pH influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Büngeler
- Institute for Chemical Engineering, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Biobased and Bioinspired Materials, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Fabian Kollmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Klaus Huber
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Oliver I Strube
- Institute for Chemical Engineering, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Biobased and Bioinspired Materials, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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45
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Slominski RM, Sarna T, Płonka PM, Raman C, Brożyna AA, Slominski AT. Melanoma, Melanin, and Melanogenesis: The Yin and Yang Relationship. Front Oncol 2022; 12:842496. [PMID: 35359389 PMCID: PMC8963986 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.842496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin pigment plays a critical role in the protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation and other environmental stressors. It is produced by the enzymatic transformation of L-tyrosine to dopaquinone and subsequent chemical and biochemical reactions resulting in the formation of various 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) oligomers-main constituents of eumelanin, and benzothiazine and benzothiazole units of pheomelanin. The biosynthesis of melanin is regulated by sun exposure and by many hormonal factors at the tissue, cellular, and subcellular levels. While the presence of melanin protects against the development of skin cancers including cutaneous melanoma, its presence may be necessary for the malignant transformation of melanocytes. This shows a complex role of melanogenesis in melanoma development defined by chemical properties of melanin and the nature of generating pathways such as eu- and pheomelanogenesis. While eumelanin is believed to provide radioprotection and photoprotection by acting as an efficient antioxidant and sunscreen, pheomelanin, being less photostable, can generate mutagenic environment after exposure to the short-wavelength UVR. Melanogenesis by itself and its highly reactive intermediates show cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities, and it can stimulate glycolysis and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) activation, which, combined with their immunosuppressive effects, can lead to melanoma progression and resistance to immunotherapy. On the other hand, melanogenesis-related proteins can be a target for immunotherapy. Interestingly, clinicopathological analyses on advanced melanomas have shown a negative correlation between tumor pigmentation and diseases outcome as defined by overall survival and disease-free time. This indicates a "Yin and Yang" role for melanin and active melanogenesis in melanoma development, progression, and therapy. Furthermore, based on the clinical, experimental data and diverse effects of melanogenesis, we propose that inhibition of melanogenesis in advanced melanotic melanoma represents a realistic adjuvant strategy to enhance immuno-, radio-, and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir M Slominski
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemysław M Płonka
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Pathology Laboratory Service, Veteran Administration Medical Center at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Identification of Sitogluside as a Potential Skin-Pigmentation-Reducing Agent through Network Pharmacology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4883398. [PMID: 34603597 PMCID: PMC8483913 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4883398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with skin-whitening properties have been recorded in the Ben-Cao-Gang-Mu and in folk prescriptions, and some literature confirms that their extracts do have the potential to inhibit pigmentation. However, no systematic studies have identified the specific regulatory mechanisms of the potential active ingredients. The aim of this study was to screen the ingredients in TCMs that inhibit skin pigmentation through a network pharmacology system and to explore underlying mechanisms. We identified 148 potential active ingredients from 14 TCMs, and based on the average “degree” of the topological parameters, the top five TCMs (Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Hedysarum multijugum Maxim., Ampelopsis japonica, Pseudobulbus Cremastrae Seu Pleiones, and Paeoniae Radix Alba) that were most likely to cause skin-whitening through anti-inflammatory processes were selected. Sitogluside, the most common ingredient in the top five TCMs, inhibits melanogenesis in human melanoma cells (MNT1) and murine melanoma cells (B16F0) and decreases skin pigmentation in zebrafish. Furthermore, mechanistic research revealed that sitogluside is capable of downregulating tyrosinase (TYR) expression by inhibiting the ERK and p38 pathways and inhibiting TYR activity. These results demonstrate that network pharmacology is an effective tool for the discovery of natural compounds with skin-whitening properties and determination of their possible mechanisms. Sitogluside is a novel skin-whitening active ingredient with dual regulatory effects that inhibit TYR expression and activity.
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Martinez-Gonzalez JA, Cavaye H, McGettrick JD, Meredith P, Motovilov KA, Mostert AB. Interfacial water morphology in hydrated melanin. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7940-7952. [PMID: 34378618 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00777g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The importance of electrically functional biomaterials is increasing as researchers explore ways to utilise them in novel sensing capacities. It has been recognised that for many of these materials the state of hydration is a key parameter that can heavily affect the conductivity, particularly those that rely upon ionic or proton transport as a key mechanism. However, thus far little attention has been paid to the nature of the water morphology in the hydrated state and the concomitant ionic conductivity. Presented here is an inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiment on hydrated eumelanin, a model bioelectronic material, in order to investigate its 'water morphology'. We develop a rigorous new methodology for performing hydration dependent INS experiments. We also model the eumelanin dry spectra with a minimalist approach whereas for higher hydration levels we are able to obtain difference spectra to extract out the water scattering signal. A key result is that the physi-sorbed water structure within eumelanin is dominated by interfacial water with the number of water layers between 3-5, and no bulk water. We also detect for the first time, the potential signatures for proton cations, most likely the Zundel ion, within a biopolymer/water system. These new signatures may be general for soft proton ionomer systems, if the systems are comprised of only interfacial water within their structure. The nature of the water morphology opens up new questions about the potential ionic charge transport mechanisms within hydrated bioelectronics materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Martinez-Gonzalez
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
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Kumorkiewicz-Jamro A, Świergosz T, Sutor K, Spórna-Kucab A, Wybraniec S. Multi-colored shades of betalains: recent advances in betacyanin chemistry. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2315-2346. [PMID: 34515277 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00018g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2001 to 2021Betacyanins cover a class of remarkable natural red-violet plant pigments with prospective chemical and biological properties for wide-ranging applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and the cosmetic industry. Betacyanins, forming the betalain pigment group together with yellow betaxanthins, have gained much attention due to the increasing social awareness of the positive impact of natural products on human health. Betalains are commercially recognized as natural food colorants with preliminarily ascertained, but to be further investigated, health-promoting properties. In addition, they exhibit a remarkable structural diversity based on glycosylated and acylated varieties. The main research directions for natural plant pigments are focused on their structure elucidation, methods of their separation and analysis, biological activities, bioavailability, factors affecting their stability, industrial applications as a plant-based food, natural colorants, drugs, and cosmetics as well as methods for high-yield production and stabilization. This review covers period of the last two decades of betacyanin research. In the first part of the review, we present an updated classification of all known betacyanins and their derivatives identified by chemical means as well as by mass spectrometric and NMR techniques. In the second part, we review the current research reports focused on the chemical properties of the pigments (decarboxylation, oxidation, conjugation, and chlorination reactions as well as the acyl group migration phenomenon) and describe the semi-synthesis of natural and artificial fluorescent betalamic acid conjugates, showing various prospective research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kumorkiewicz-Jamro
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Świergosz
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sutor
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Aneta Spórna-Kucab
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Wybraniec
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
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Allouche J, Rachmin I, Adhikari K, Pardo LM, Lee JH, McConnell AM, Kato S, Fan S, Kawakami A, Suita Y, Wakamatsu K, Igras V, Zhang J, Navarro PP, Lugo CM, Noonan HR, Christie KA, Itin K, Mujahid N, Lo JA, Won CH, Evans CL, Weng QY, Wang H, Osseiran S, Lovas A, Németh I, Cozzio A, Navarini AA, Hsiao JJ, Nguyen N, Kemény LV, Iliopoulos O, Berking C, Ruzicka T, Gonzalez-José R, Bortolini MC, Canizales-Quinteros S, Acuna-Alonso V, Gallo C, Poletti G, Bedoya G, Rothhammer F, Ito S, Schiaffino MV, Chao LH, Kleinstiver BP, Tishkoff S, Zon LI, Nijsten T, Ruiz-Linares A, Fisher DE, Roider E. NNT mediates redox-dependent pigmentation via a UVB- and MITF-independent mechanism. Cell 2021; 184:4268-4283.e20. [PMID: 34233163 PMCID: PMC8349839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light and incompletely understood genetic and epigenetic variations determine skin color. Here we describe an UV- and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)-independent mechanism of skin pigmentation. Targeting the mitochondrial redox-regulating enzyme nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) resulted in cellular redox changes that affect tyrosinase degradation. These changes regulate melanosome maturation and, consequently, eumelanin levels and pigmentation. Topical application of small-molecule inhibitors yielded skin darkening in human skin, and mice with decreased NNT function displayed increased pigmentation. Additionally, genetic modification of NNT in zebrafish alters melanocytic pigmentation. Analysis of four diverse human cohorts revealed significant associations of skin color, tanning, and sun protection use with various single-nucleotide polymorphisms within NNT. NNT levels were independent of UVB irradiation and redox modulation. Individuals with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation or lentigines displayed decreased skin NNT levels, suggesting an NNT-driven, redox-dependent pigmentation mechanism that can be targeted with NNT-modifying topical drugs for medical and cosmetic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Allouche
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Inbal Rachmin
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kaustubh Adhikari
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK; Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 03722 Seoul, Korea
| | - Alicia M McConnell
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shinichiro Kato
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Immunology, Center for 5D Cell Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shaohua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China
| | - Akinori Kawakami
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Yusuke Suita
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Vivien Igras
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jianming Zhang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Paula P Navarro
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Camila Makhlouta Lugo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Haley R Noonan
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen A Christie
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaspar Itin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nisma Mujahid
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; University of Utah, Department of Dermatology, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lo
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, 05505 Seoul, Korea
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Qing Yu Weng
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Hequn Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sam Osseiran
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alyssa Lovas
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - István Németh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Antonio Cozzio
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer J Hsiao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Nhu Nguyen
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lajos V Kemény
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Othon Iliopoulos
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Rolando Gonzalez-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn U912OACD, Argentina
| | - Maria-Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Giovanni Poletti
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 5001000, Colombia
| | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000009, Chile; Programa de Genetica Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 1027, Chile
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Maria Vittoria Schiaffino
- Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luke H Chao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kleinstiver
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Tishkoff
- Departments of Genetics and Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; UMR 7268, CNRS-EFS-ADES, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13005, France
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Elisabeth Roider
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Understanding the way eumelanin works: A unique example of properties and skills driven by molecular heterogeneity. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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