1
|
Kan ZR, Xu Y, Virk AL, Liu M, Pei X, Li Y, Yang H, Chen C. Organic fertilizer substitution benefits microbial richness and wheat yield under warming. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174007. [PMID: 38885710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Climate warming poses a serious threat to soil biodiversity and crop yield. Application of organic fertilizer has been extensively practiced to improve soil health and crop productivity. However, information is limited about the effects of organic fertilizer on microbial communities and diversity (richness) under warming. Thus, to investigate the interactive effects of temperature (ambient temperature and warming) and fertilizer (chemical fertilizer and partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer) on microbial properties and wheat yield, a two-factorial pot experiment was conducted using soils with high and low fertility The results showed that warming and organic fertilizer had minor effects on bacterial Shannon and Simpson indexes. Due to concomitant reductions in soil moisture, warming decreased the average Chao index by 5.4 % and Ace index by 3.8 % for soils with high and low fertility (P < 0.05). High-throughput sequence presented that dominated genus was Bacillus with spore-forming ability. Under warming and drying conditions, microbes with adaptive traits (spore-forming ability) would outcompete the other microbes, and decrease microbial Chao and Ace index (richness). However, organic fertilizer counteracted the adverse effects of warming on microbial richness attributed to positive interaction between temperature and fertilizer on soil nutrients and organic carbon. The strong relationships between bacterial richness and wheat yield, as well as soil nutrients, highlighted the importance of soil biodiversity in improving soil nutrients and crop productivity. Partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer significantly increased wheat yield by 27.1 % and 14.9 % under ambient temperature and by 28.0 % and 19.6 % under warming for soils with high and low fertility, respectively. Overall, this study provided the possibility to increase bacterial richness related to nutrient turnover and crop production by organic fertilizer application with reduced chemical fertilizer, especially under climate warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Rong Kan
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yinan Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Pei
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanling Li
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haishui Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changqing Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Qin W, Zhang Q, Wang X, Feng J, Han M, Hou Y, Zhao H, Zhang Z, He JS, Torn MS, Zhu B. Whole-soil warming leads to substantial soil carbon emission in an alpine grassland. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4489. [PMID: 38802385 PMCID: PMC11130387 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in seasonally frozen soils, such as alpine ecosystems, to climate warming is a major uncertainty in global carbon cycling. Here we measure soil CO2 emission during four years (2018-2021) from the whole-soil warming experiment (4 °C for the top 1 m) in an alpine grassland ecosystem. We find that whole-soil warming stimulates total and SOC-derived CO2 efflux by 26% and 37%, respectively, but has a minor effect on root-derived CO2 efflux. Moreover, experimental warming only promotes total soil CO2 efflux by 7-8% on average in the meta-analysis across all grasslands or alpine grasslands globally (none of these experiments were whole-soil warming). We show that whole-soil warming has a much stronger effect on soil carbon emission in the alpine grassland ecosystem than what was reported in previous warming experiments, most of which only heat surface soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenkuan Qin
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiufang Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiguang Feng
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mengguang Han
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem and Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems and College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Margaret S Torn
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Souriol BFA, Henry HAL. Short-versus long-term effects of nitrogen addition and warming on soil nitrogen mineralization and leaching in a grass-dominated old field. Oecologia 2024; 205:59-68. [PMID: 38676730 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and climate warming are both anticipated to influence the N dynamics of northern temperate ecosystems substantially over the next century. In field experiments with N addition and warming treatments, cumulative treatment effects can be important for explaining variation in treatment effects on N dynamics over time; however, comparisons between data collected in the early vs. later years potentially can be confounded with interactions between treatment effects and inter-annual variation in environmental conditions or other factors. We compared the short-term versus long-term effects of N addition and warming on net N mineralization and N leaching in a grass-dominated old field using in situ soil cores. We added new N addition and warming plots (3 years old) to an existing field experiment (16 years old), which enabled comparison of the treatment effects at both time scales while controlling for potential inter-annual variation in other factors. For net N mineralization, there was a significant interaction between plot age and N addition over the growing season, and for extractable inorganic N there was a significant interaction between plot age and warming over winter. In both cases, the directions of the treatment effects differed among old and new plots. Moreover, the responses in the new plots differed from the responses observed previously when the 16-year-old plots had been new. These results demonstrate how inter-annual variation in responses, independent from cumulative treatment effects, can play an important role in interpreting long-term effects on soil N cycling in global change field experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F A Souriol
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St. N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Hugh A L Henry
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St. N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu Z, Zhang C, Liu X, Lei J, Zhang Q, Yuan Z, Peng C, Koerner SE, Xu J, Guo L. Responses of C:N:P stoichiometric correlations among plants, soils and microorganisms to warming: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168827. [PMID: 38030014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants, soils and microorganisms play important roles in maintaining stable terrestrial stoichiometry. Studying how nutrient balances of these biotic and abiotic players vary across temperature gradients is important when predicting ecosystem changes on a warming planet. The respective responses of plant, soil and microbial stoichiometric ratios to warming have been observed, however, whether and how the stoichiometric correlations among the three components shift under warming has not been clearly understood and identified. In the present study, we have performed a meta-analysis based on 600 case studies from 74 sites or locations to clarify whether and how warming affects plant, soil and microbial stoichiometry, respectively, and their correlations. Our results indicated that: (1) globally, plants had higher C:N and C:P values compared to soil and microbial pools, but their N:P distributions were similar; (2) warming did not significantly alter plant, soil and microbial C:N and C:P values, but had a noticeable effect on plant N:P ratios. When ecosystem types, duration and magnitude of warming were taken into account, there was an inconsistent and even inverse warming response in terms of the direction and magnitude of changes in the C:N:P ratios occurring among plants, soils and microorganisms; (3) despite various warming responses of the stoichiometric ratios detected separately for plants, soils and microorganisms, the stoichiometric correlations among all three parts remained constant even under different warming scenarios. Our study highlighted the complexity of the effect of warming on the C:N:P stoichiometry, as well as the absence and importance of simultaneous measurements of stoichiometric ratios across different components of terrestrial ecosystems, which should be urgently strengthened in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongkai Yu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jichu Lei
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhiyou Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Department of Biology Science, Institute of Environment Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Sally E Koerner
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro 27402, USA
| | - Jianchu Xu
- Center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; World Agroforestry Center, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Y, Han M, Qin W, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Zhu B. Effects of whole-soil warming on CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes in an alpine grassland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17033. [PMID: 38273530 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Global climate warming could affect the methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) fluxes between soils and the atmosphere, but how CH4 and N2 O fluxes respond to whole-soil warming is unclear. Here, we for the first time investigated the effects of whole-soil warming on CH4 and N2 O fluxes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau, and also studied the effects of experimental warming on CH4 and N2 O fluxes across terrestrial ecosystems through a global-scale meta-analysis. The whole-soil warming (0-100 cm, +4°C) significantly elevated soil N2 O emission by 101%, but had a minor effect on soil CH4 uptake. However, the meta-analysis revealed that experimental warming did not significantly alter CH4 and N2 O fluxes, and it may be that most field warming experiments could only heat the surface soils. Moreover, the warming-induced higher plant litter and available N in soils may be the main reason for the higher N2 O emission under whole-soil warming in the alpine grassland. We need to pay more attention to the long-term response of greenhouse gases (including CH4 and N2 O fluxes) from different soil depths to whole-soil warming over year-round, which could help us more accurately assess and predict the ecosystem-climate feedback under realistic warming scenarios in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengguang Han
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkuan Qin
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem, and Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Q, Tietema A, Reinsch S, Schmidt IK, de Dato G, Guidolotti G, Lellei-Kovács E, Kopittke G, Larsen KS. Higher sensitivity of gross primary productivity than ecosystem respiration to experimental drought and warming across six European shrubland ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165627. [PMID: 37495128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Shrubland ecosystems across Europe face a range of threats including the potential impacts of climate change. Within the INCREASE project, six shrubland ecosystems along a European climatic gradient were exposed to ecosystem-level year-round experimental nighttime warming and long-term, repeated growing season droughts. We quantified the ecosystem level CO2 fluxes, i.e. gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE), in control and treatment plots and compared the treatment effects along the Gaussen aridity index. In general, GPP exhibited higher sensitivity to drought and warming than Reco and was found to be the dominant contributor to changes in overall NEE. Across the climate gradient, northern sites were more likely to have neutral to positive responses of NEE, i.e. increased CO2 uptake, to drought and warming partly due to seasonal rewetting. While an earlier investigation across the same sites showed a good cross-site relationship between soil respiration responses to climate over the Gaussen aridity index, the responses of GPP, Reco and NEE showed a more complex response pattern suggesting that site-specific ecosystem traits, such as different growing season periods and plant species composition, affected the overall response pattern of the ecosystem-level CO2 fluxes. We found that the observed response patterns of GPP and Reco rates at the six sites could be explained well by the hypothesized position of each site on site-specific soil moisture response curves of GPP/Reco fluxes. Such relatively simple, site-specific analyses could help improve our ability to explain observed CO2 flux patterns in larger meta-analyses as well as in larger-scale model upscaling exercises and thereby help improve our ability to project changes in ecosystem CO2 fluxes in response to future climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Li
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Albert Tietema
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Reinsch
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Inger Kappel Schmidt
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giovanbattista de Dato
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Gabriele Guidolotti
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Porano, TR, Italy
| | | | - Gillian Kopittke
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus Steenberg Larsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tao B, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Zhang B, Yuan H, Wang Y. Effect of particle sizes of biochar on CO 2 emissions in a poplar plantation of ancient Yellow River channel, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118721. [PMID: 37536134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Forest soil is a vital pool of organic carbon, which is sensitive to management. Biochar addition could change the CO2 emissions from soil, but its effects are still ambiguous. Moreover, the impacts of particle sizes of biochar on CO2 emissions are still unknown. In this study, a series of field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of biochar addition on CO2 emissions in a poplar plantation (Populus nigra), China. Biochar with two application rates of (10 and 50 t/ha) and three particle sizes (3-1 mm, 1-0.1 mm, and <0.1 mm) was applied into the surface soil (0-10 cm), and the soil without biochar was set as control. The results showed that a high level of fine biochar addition (1-0.1 mm and <0.1 mm) had similar and positive effects on CO2 emissions by increasing the contents of soil ammonium, available phosphorus, easily oxidizable carbon, soil moisture, soil capillary pore, and the activity of β-glucosidase. However, biochar addition (1-0.1 mm and <0.1 mm) reduced the bioavailability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), producing a negative relationship between DOC content and CO2 emissions. This investigation highlights the importance of biochar with different particle sizes in adjusting CO2 emissions from temperate soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoxian Tao
- College of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil Environment and Pollution Prevention, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Institute of Huanghe Studies, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Qinghai Chen
- College of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Yuqing Jiang
- College of Humanities and Social Science, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Batangas, 4200, Philippines
| | - Baohua Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil Environment and Pollution Prevention, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Institute of Huanghe Studies, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- College of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil Environment and Pollution Prevention, Liaocheng, 252059, China; Institute of Huanghe Studies, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fang C, Verbrigghe N, Sigurdsson BD, Ostonen I, Leblans NIW, Marañón-Jiménez S, Fuchslueger L, Sigurðsson P, Meeran K, Portillo-Estrada M, Verbruggen E, Richter A, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Bahn M, Vicca S, Janssens IA. Decadal soil warming decreased vascular plant above and belowground production in a subarctic grassland by inducing nitrogen limitation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:565-576. [PMID: 37545200 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Below and aboveground vegetation dynamics are crucial in understanding how climate warming may affect terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling. In contrast to aboveground biomass, the response of belowground biomass to long-term warming has been poorly studied. Here, we characterized the impacts of decadal geothermal warming at two levels (on average +3.3°C and +7.9°C) on below and aboveground plant biomass stocks and production in a subarctic grassland. Soil warming did not change standing root biomass and even decreased fine root production and reduced aboveground biomass and production. Decadal soil warming also did not significantly alter the root-shoot ratio. The linear stepwise regression model suggested that following 10 yr of soil warming, temperature was no longer the direct driver of these responses, but losses of soil N were. Soil N losses, due to warming-induced decreases in organic matter and water retention capacity, were identified as key driver of the decreased above and belowground production. The reduction in fine root production was accompanied by thinner roots with increased specific root area. These results indicate that after a decade of soil warming, plant productivity in the studied subarctic grassland was affected by soil warming mainly by the reduction in soil N.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Niel Verbrigghe
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Caritasstraat 39, Melle, 9090, Belgium
| | | | - Ivika Ostonen
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51003, Estonia
| | - Niki I W Leblans
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, 90333, Sweden
| | - Sara Marañón-Jiménez
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Páll Sigurðsson
- Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, Borgarnes, IS-311, Iceland
| | - Kathiravan Meeran
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miguel Portillo-Estrada
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sara Vicca
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Y, Gu S, Wu K, Tanentzap AJ, Yu J, Liu X, Li Q, He P, Qiu D, Deng Y, Wang P, Wu Z, Zhou Q. Temperature-mediated microbial carbon utilization in China's lakes. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5044-5061. [PMID: 37427534 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbes play an important role in aquatic carbon cycling but we have a limited understanding of their functional responses to changes in temperature across large geographic areas. Here, we explored how microbial communities utilized different carbon substrates and the underlying ecological mechanisms along a space-for-time substitution temperature gradient of future climate change. The gradient included 47 lakes from five major lake regions in China spanning a difference of nearly 15°C in mean annual temperatures (MAT). Our results indicated that lakes from warmer regions generally had lower values of variables related to carbon concentrations and greater carbon utilization than those from colder regions. The greater utilization of carbon substrates under higher temperatures could be attributed to changes in bacterial community composition, with a greater abundance of Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteriota and less Proteobacteria in warmer lake regions. We also found that the core species in microbial networks changed with increasing temperature, from Hydrogenophaga and Rhodobacteraceae, which inhibited the utilization of amino acids and carbohydrates, to the CL500-29-marine-group, which promoted the utilization of all almost carbon substrates. Overall, our findings suggest that temperature can mediate aquatic carbon utilization by changing the interactions between bacteria and individual carbon substrates, and the discovery of core species that affect carbon utilization provides insight into potential carbon sequestration within inland water bodies under future climate warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Songsong Gu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, the People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew J Tanentzap
- Ecosystems and Global Change Group, School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
- Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Junqi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Qianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Peng He
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| | - Dongru Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Deng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, the People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, the People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang Z, Luo X, Shi Y, Zhou T, Luo K, Lai Y, Yu P, Liu L, Olchev A, Bond-Lamberty B, Hao D, Jian J, Fan S, Cai C, Tang X. Controls and variability of soil respiration temperature sensitivity across China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:161974. [PMID: 36740054 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil respiration is critical for benchmarking the potential intensity of regional and global terrestrial soil carbon fluxes-climate feedbacks. Although field observations have demonstrated the strong spatial heterogeneity of Q10, a significant knowledge gap still exists regarding to the factors driving spatial and temporal variabilities of Q10 at regional scales. Therefore, we used a machine learning approach to predict Q10 from 1994 to 2016 with a spatial resolution of 1 km across China from 515 field observations at 5 cm soil depth using climate, soil and vegetation variables. Predicted Q10 varied from 1.54 to 4.17, with an area-weighted average of 2.52. There was no significant temporal trend for Q10 (p = 0.32), but annual vegetation production (indicated by normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) was positively correlated to it (p < 0.01). Spatially, soil organic carbon (SOC) was the most important driving factor in 62 % of the land area across China, and varied greatly, demonstrating soil controls on the spatial pattern of Q10. These findings highlighted different environmental controls on the spatial and temporal pattern of soil respiration Q10, which should be considered to improve global biogeochemical models used to predict the spatial and temporal patterns of soil carbon fluxes to ongoing climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinrui Luo
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuehong Shi
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Luo
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunsen Lai
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Liu
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Alexander Olchev
- Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ben Bond-Lamberty
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland-College Park, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Dalei Hao
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Jinshi Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shaohui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Chunju Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiaolu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bai T, Wang P, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Hu S. Nitrogen availability mediates soil carbon cycling response to climate warming: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2608-2626. [PMID: 36744998 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Global climate warming may induce a positive feedback through increasing soil carbon (C) release to the atmosphere. Although warming can affect both C input to and output from soil, direct and convincing evidence illustrating that warming induces a net change in soil C is still lacking. We synthesized the results from field warming experiments at 165 sites across the globe and found that climate warming had no significant effect on soil C stock. On average, warming significantly increased root biomass and soil respiration, but warming effects on root biomass and soil respiration strongly depended on soil nitrogen (N) availability. Under high N availability (soil C:N ratio < 15), warming had no significant effect on root biomass, but promoted the coupling between effect sizes of root biomass and soil C stock. Under relative N limitation (soil C:N ratio > 15), warming significantly enhanced root biomass. However, the enhancement of root biomass did not induce a corresponding C accumulation in soil, possibly because warming promoted microbial CO2 release that offset the increased root C input. Also, reactive N input alleviated warming-induced C loss from soil, but elevated atmospheric CO2 or precipitation increase/reduction did not. Together, our findings indicate that the relative availability of soil C to N (i.e., soil C:N ratio) critically mediates warming effects on soil C dynamics, suggesting that its incorporation into C-climate models may improve the prediction of soil C cycling under future global warming scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuo Bai
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Domeignoz-Horta LA, Pold G, Erb H, Sebag D, Verrecchia E, Northen T, Louie K, Eloe-Fadrosh E, Pennacchio C, Knorr MA, Frey SD, Melillo JM, DeAngelis KM. Substrate availability and not thermal acclimation controls microbial temperature sensitivity response to long-term warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1574-1590. [PMID: 36448874 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbes are responsible for cycling carbon (C) through soils, and predicted changes in soil C stocks under climate change are highly sensitive to shifts in the mechanisms assumed to control the microbial physiological response to warming. Two mechanisms have been suggested to explain the long-term warming impact on microbial physiology: microbial thermal acclimation and changes in the quantity and quality of substrates available for microbial metabolism. Yet studies disentangling these two mechanisms are lacking. To resolve the drivers of changes in microbial physiology in response to long-term warming, we sampled soils from 13- and 28-year-old soil warming experiments in different seasons. We performed short-term laboratory incubations across a range of temperatures to measure the relationships between temperature sensitivity of physiology (growth, respiration, carbon use efficiency, and extracellular enzyme activity) and the chemical composition of soil organic matter. We observed apparent thermal acclimation of microbial respiration, but only in summer, when warming had exacerbated the seasonally-induced, already small dissolved organic matter pools. Irrespective of warming, greater quantity and quality of soil carbon increased the extracellular enzymatic pool and its temperature sensitivity. We propose that fresh litter input into the system seasonally cancels apparent thermal acclimation of C-cycling processes to decadal warming. Our findings reveal that long-term warming has indirectly affected microbial physiology via reduced C availability in this system, implying that earth system models including these negative feedbacks may be best suited to describe long-term warming effects on these soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz A Domeignoz-Horta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Grace Pold
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hailey Erb
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Sebag
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rueil-Malmaison, France
- Faculty of Geosciences and the Environment, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Verrecchia
- Faculty of Geosciences and the Environment, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Trent Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Katherine Louie
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Emiley Eloe-Fadrosh
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christa Pennacchio
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Melissa A Knorr
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Serita D Frey
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jerry M Melillo
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratories, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristen M DeAngelis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang S, Bai J, Zhang G, Xia Z, Wu M, Lu H. Negative effects of soil warming, and adaptive cultivation strategies of maize: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160738. [PMID: 36496024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor in regulating and controlling several ecological processes. As there is a feedback relationship between many biogeochemical processes and climate change, their response to temperature changes is particularly important. Previously, a large volume of literature has extensively explored the impact of rising air temperature on shoot growth and maize yield, from enzymatic responses within the leaf to grain yield. As the global temperature continues to increase and the frequency, duration, and/or intensity of heat wave events increases, the soil temperature of the tilth is likely to rise sharply. As one of the most widely planted food crops in the world, maize may be subjected to additional soil temperature pressure. However, as a nutrient organ in direct contact with soil, the root plays a key role in adapting the whole plant to excessive soil temperature. Little research has been done on the effect of the soil microenvironment induced by higher soil temperature on maize root growth and root to shoot communication regulation. Therefore, this review summarizes (1) the effects of excessive soil temperature on the soil microenvironment, including soil respiration, microbial community composition, carbon mineralization, and enzyme activity; (2) the negative response of absorption of water and nutrients by roots and maize root-shoot growth to excessive soil temperature; and (3) potential cultivation strategies to improve maize yield, including improving tillage methods, adding biochar amendments, applying organic fertilizers, optimizing irrigation, and farmland mulching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingxuan Bai
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhenqing Xia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengke Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haidong Lu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Li Y, Williams RA, Chen Y, Peng R, Liu X, Qi Y, Wang Z. Responses of soil respiration and its sensitivities to temperature and precipitation: A meta-analysis. ECOL INFORM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
|
15
|
He Y, Zhou X, Jia Z, Zhou L, Chen H, Liu R, Du Z, Zhou G, Shao J, Ding J, Chen K, Hartley IP. Apparent thermal acclimation of soil heterotrophic respiration mainly mediated by substrate availability. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1178-1187. [PMID: 36371668 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple lines of existing evidence suggest that increasing CO2 emission from soils in response to rising temperature could accelerate global warming. However, in experimental studies, the initial positive response of soil heterotrophic respiration (RH ) to warming often weakens over time (referred to apparent thermal acclimation). If the decreased RH is driven by thermal adaptation of soil microbial community, the potential for soil carbon (C) losses would be reduced substantially. In the meanwhile, the response could equally be caused by substrate depletion, and would then reflect the gradual loss of soil C. To address uncertainties regarding the causes of apparent thermal acclimation, we carried out sterilization and inoculation experiments using the soil samples from an alpine meadow with 6 years of warming and nitrogen (N) addition. We demonstrate that substrate depletion, rather than microbial adaptation, determined the response of RH to long-term warming. Furthermore, N addition appeared to alleviate the apparent acclimation of RH to warming. Our study provides strong empirical support for substrate availability being the cause of the apparent acclimation of soil microbial respiration to temperature. Thus, these mechanistic insights could facilitate efforts of biogeochemical modeling to accurately project soil C stocks in the future climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui He
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenggang Du
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Ding
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Kelong Chen
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographic Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li JT, Zhang Y, Chen H, Sun H, Tian W, Li J, Liu X, Zhou S, Fang C, Li B, Nie M. Low soil moisture suppresses the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:874-889. [PMID: 36177515 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration contributes to a decrease in warming-induced enhancement of soil respiration over time, which could weaken the positive feedback between the carbon cycle and climate warming. Climate warming is also predicted to cause a worldwide decrease in soil moisture, which has an effect on the microbial metabolism of soil carbon. However, whether and how changes in moisture affect the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration are unexplored. Here, using soils from an 8-year warming experiment in an alpine grassland, we assayed the thermal response of microbial respiration rates at different soil moisture levels. The results showed that relatively low soil moisture suppressed the thermal compensatory response of microbial respiration, leading to an enhanced response to warming. A subsequent moisture incubation experiment involving off-plot soils also showed that the response of microbial respiration to 100 d warming shifted from a slight compensatory response to an enhanced response with decreasing incubation moisture. Further analysis revealed that such respiration regulation by moisture was associated with shifts in enzymatic activities and carbon use efficiency. Our findings suggest that future drought induced by climate warming might weaken the thermal compensatory capacity of microbial respiration, with important consequences for carbon-climate feedback.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Research Centre for Northeast Asia Carbon Sink, Centre for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Huiming Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitao Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shurong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Changming Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gemal EL, Green TGA, Cary SC, Colesie C. High Resilience and Fast Acclimation Processes Allow the Antarctic Moss Bryum argenteum to Increase Its Carbon Gain in Warmer Growing Conditions. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121773. [PMID: 36552282 PMCID: PMC9775354 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Climate warming in Antarctica involves major shifts in plant distribution and productivity. This study aims to unravel the plasticity and acclimation potential of Bryum argenteum var. muticum, a cosmopolitan moss species found in Antarctica. By comparing short-term, closed-top chamber warming experiments which mimic heatwaves, with in situ seasonal physiological rates from Cape Hallett, Northern Victoria Land, we provide insights into the general inherent resilience of this important Antarctic moss and into its adaptability to longer-term threats and stressors associated with climate change. Our findings show that B. argenteum can thermally acclimate to mitigate the effects of increased temperature under both seasonal changes and short-term pulse warming events. Following pulse warming, this species dramatically increased its carbon uptake, measured as net photosynthesis, while reductions in carbon losses, measured as dark respiration, were not observed. Rapid growth of new shoots may have confounded the effects on respiration. These results demonstrate the high physiological plasticity of this species, with acclimation occurring within only 7 days. We show that this Antarctic moss species appears to have a high level of resilience and that fast acclimation processes allow it to potentially benefit from both short-term and long-term climatic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Gemal
- Global Change Research Institute, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T. G. Allan Green
- International Centre for Terrestrial Antarctic Research, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
- Unidad de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Craig Cary
- International Centre for Terrestrial Antarctic Research, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Claudia Colesie
- Global Change Research Institute, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mayer A, Silver WL. The climate change mitigation potential of annual grasslands under future climates. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2705. [PMID: 35808918 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composted manure and green waste amendments have been shown to increase net carbon (C) sequestration in rangeland soils and have been proposed as a means to help lower atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, the effect of climate change on soil organic C (SOC) stocks and greenhouse gas emissions in rangelands is not well understood, and the viability of climate change mitigation strategies under future conditions is even less certain. We used a process-based biogeochemical model (DayCent) at a daily time step to explore the long-term effects of potential future climate changes on C and greenhouse gas dynamics in annual grassland ecosystems. We then used the model to explore how the same ecosystems might respond to climate change following compost amendments to soils and determined the long-term viability of net SOC sequestration under changing climates. We simulated net primary productivity (NPP), SOC, and greenhouse gas fluxes across seven California annual grasslands with and without compost amendments. We drove the DayCent simulations with field data and with site-specific daily climate data from two Earth system models (CanESM2 and HadGEM-ES) and two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) through 2100. NPP and SOC stocks in unamended and amended ecosystems were surprisingly insensitive to projected climate changes. A one-time amendment of compost to rangeland acted as a slow-release organic fertilizer and increased NPP by up to 390-814 kg C ha-1 year-1 across sites. The amendment effect on NPP was not sensitive to Earth system model or emissions scenario and endured through the end of the century. Net SOC sequestration amounted to 1.96 ± 0.02 Mg C ha-1 relative to unamended soils at the maximum amendment effect. Averaged across sites and scenarios, SOC sequestration peaked 22 ± 1 years after amendment and declined but remained positive throughout the century. Though compost stimulated nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions, the cumulative net emissions (in CO2 equivalents) due to compost were far less than the amount of SOC sequestered. Compost amendments resulted in a net climate benefit of 69.6 ± 0.5 Tg CO2 e 20 ± 1 years after amendment if applied to similar ecosystems across the state, amounting to 39% of California's rangeland. These results suggest that the biogeochemical benefits of a single amendment of compost to rangelands in California are insensitive to climate change and could contribute to decadal-scale climate change mitigation goals alongside emissions reductions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Mayer
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Whendee L Silver
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hao W, Xia B, Xu M. Deep soil CO2 flux with strong temperature dependence contributes considerably to soil-atmosphere carbon flux. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
20
|
Shen X, Ma J, Li Y, Li Y, Xia X. The Effects of Multiple Global Change Factors on Soil Nutrients across China: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15230. [PMID: 36429948 PMCID: PMC9691138 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of the effects of global changes on soil nutrients is crucial for the prediction of future terrestrial ecosystem changes. Combined with 100 articles and 1129 observations from all over China, the meta-analysis method was applied to explore the effects of various global change factors on soil nutrients, including precipitation change, nitrogen addition, warming, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration rise. Results indicated that among all the individual drivers, soil nutrients are most sensitive to N addition. Significant positive effects of N addition on carbon concentration (+4.6%), nitrogen concentration (+6.1%), organic carbon (+5.0%), and available nitrogen (+74.6%) were observed considering all the land-use types. The results highlighted that the combined and interactive effects of multiple global change factors on soil nutrients were of great significance. The interaction of the two drivers is usually additive, followed by antagonism and synergy. Our findings contribute to better understanding of how soil nutrients will change under future global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prager CM, Classen AT, Sundqvist MK, Barrios‐Garcia M, Cameron EK, Chen L, Chisholm C, Crowther TW, Deslippe JR, Grigulis K, He J, Henning JA, Hovenden M, Høye TTT, Jing X, Lavorel S, McLaren JR, Metcalfe DB, Newman GS, Nielsen ML, Rixen C, Read QD, Rewcastle KE, Rodriguez‐Cabal M, Wardle DA, Wipf S, Sanders NJ. Integrating natural gradients, experiments, and statistical modeling in a distributed network experiment: An example from the WaRM Network. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9396. [PMID: 36262264 PMCID: PMC9575997 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of work examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change on ecosystems, typically by using manipulative experiments at a single site or performing meta‐analyses across many independent experiments. However, results from single‐site studies tend to have limited generality. Although meta‐analytic approaches can help overcome this by exploring trends across sites, the inherent limitations in combining disparate datasets from independent approaches remain a major challenge. In this paper, we present a globally distributed experimental network that can be used to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of climate change. We discuss how natural gradients, experimental approaches, and statistical techniques can be combined to best inform predictions about responses to climate change, and we present a globally distributed experiment that utilizes natural environmental gradients to better understand long‐term community and ecosystem responses to environmental change. The warming and (species) removal in mountains (WaRM) network employs experimental warming and plant species removals at high‐ and low‐elevation sites in a factorial design to examine the combined and relative effects of climatic warming and the loss of dominant species on community structure and ecosystem function, both above‐ and belowground. The experimental design of the network allows for increasingly common statistical approaches to further elucidate the direct and indirect effects of warming. We argue that combining ecological observations and experiments along gradients is a powerful approach to make stronger predictions of how ecosystems will function in a warming world as species are lost, or gained, in local communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Case M. Prager
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,The Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColoradoUSA
| | - Aimee T. Classen
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,The Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColoradoUSA,Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Maja K. Sundqvist
- Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Maria Noelia Barrios‐Garcia
- CONICET, CENAC‐APNSan Carlos de BarilocheRio NegroArgentina,Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Erin K. Cameron
- Department of Environmental ScienceSaint Mary's UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Litong Chen
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area and Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plant BiotaNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
| | - Chelsea Chisholm
- Department of Environment Systems Science, Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Thomas W. Crowther
- Department of Environment Systems Science, Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Julie R. Deslippe
- Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology, School of Biological SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Karl Grigulis
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie AlpineUniversité Grenoble Alpes – CNRS – Université Savoie Mont‐BlancGrenobleFrance
| | - Jin‐Sheng He
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jeremiah A. Henning
- The Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColoradoUSA,Department of BiologyUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Mark Hovenden
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Toke T. Thomas Høye
- Department of Ecoscience and Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Xin Jing
- Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐Ecosystems, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Sandra Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie AlpineUniversité Grenoble Alpes – CNRS – Université Savoie Mont‐BlancGrenobleFrance
| | - Jennie R. McLaren
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTexasUSA
| | - Daniel B. Metcalfe
- Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | | | - Marie Louise Nielsen
- Department of Ecoscience and Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Christian Rixen
- Mountain Ecosystems GroupWSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavos DorfSwitzerland
| | - Quentin D. Read
- The Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColoradoUSA,National Socio‐Environmental Synthesis CenterAnnapolisMarylandUSA
| | - Kenna E. Rewcastle
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Mariano Rodriguez‐Cabal
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA,Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICETUniversidad Nacional del ComahueSan Carlos de BarilocheArgentina
| | - David A. Wardle
- Asian School of the EnvironmentNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
| | - Sonja Wipf
- Department of BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA,Department of Research and MonitoringChastè Planta‐WildenbergZernezSwitzerland
| | - Nathan J. Sanders
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology DepartmentUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,The Rocky Mountain Biological LaboratoryCrested ButteColoradoUSA,Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen H, Jing Q, Liu X, Zhou X, Fang C, Li B, Zhou S, Nie M. Microbial respiratory thermal adaptation is regulated by r-/K-strategy dominance. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2489-2499. [PMID: 36134698 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbial thermal adaptation is considered to be one of the core mechanisms affecting soil carbon cycling. However, the role of microbial community composition in controlling thermal adaptation is poorly understood. Using microbial communities from the rhizosphere and bulk soils in an 8-year warming experiment as a model, we experimentally demonstrate that respiratory thermal adaptation was much stronger in microbial K-strategist-dominated bulk soils than in microbial r-strategist-dominated rhizosphere soils. Soil carbon availability exerted strong selection on the dominant ecological strategy of the microbial community, indirectly influencing respiratory thermal adaptation. Our findings shed light on the linchpin of the dominant ecological strategy exhibited by the microbial community in determining its respiratory thermal adaptation, with implications for understanding soil carbon losses under warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Chen
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfang Jing
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Changming Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shurong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lin S, Yin X, Yang X, Wang W, Wang C, Sardans J, Tariq A, Zeng F, Alrefaei AF, Peñuelas J. Effects of combined applications of straw with industrial and agricultural wastes on greenhouse gases emissions, temperature sensitivity, and rice yield in a subtropical paddy field. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156674. [PMID: 35710013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of post-harvest crop straw and application of industrial and agricultural wastes to paddy soils increase rice crop yields and soil fertility. However, the impacts of combined applications of straw and waste products on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and global warming potential (GWP) of paddy soils are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment in subtropical rice in China to test the effects of applications of straw, straw+biochar, straw+shell slag, straw+gypsum slag, straw+silicon, and straw+steel slag on rice yields, GWP, and greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI). The results showed that, compared to the control, cumulative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from paddy soils were 15.2, 16.9, and 36.6 % lower following application of straw+steel slag, straw+silicon, and straw+gypsum, respectively, and cumulative emissions of methane (CH4) were 5.0 and 62.1 % lower following application of straw+steel slag and straw+gypsum, respectively. Meanwhile, relative to the addition of straw alone, application of straw+steel slag and straw+gypsum reduced GHG emissions largely due to reductions in CO2 emissions, further declining the GWP of CO2 and GHGI. In addition, temperature sensitivity (Q10) of CO2 emissions was highest following application of straw+silicon and lowest following application of straw+gypsum. There were no treatment effects on mean dissolved porewater concentrations of CO2, CH4, or nitrous oxide (N2O) and soil emissions of CO2 were negatively correlated with mean dissolved concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Rice yields were reduced following application of straw+gypsum and unaffected by the other treatments. Thus, relative to the addition of straw alone or control, we suggest the combined application of straw+steel slag may improve the sustainability of paddy rice production, because it reduces GWP, while maintaining yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xiaolei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Akash Tariq
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Teramoto M, Hamamoto T, Liang N, Taniguchi T, Ito TY, Hu R, Yamanaka N. Abiotic and biotic factors controlling the dynamics of soil respiration in a coastal dune ecosystem in western Japan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14320. [PMID: 35995806 PMCID: PMC9395540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the abiotic and biotic factors controlling the dynamics of soil respiration (Rs) while considering the zonal distribution of plant species in a coastal dune ecosystem in western Japan, based on periodic Rs data and continuous environmental data. We set four measurement plots with different vegetation compositions: plot 1 on bare sand; plot 2 on a cluster of young Vitex rotundifolia seedlings; plot 3 on a mixture of Artemisia capillaris and V. rotundifolia; and plot 4 on the inland boundary between the coastal vegetation zone and a Pinus thunbergii forest. Rs increased exponentially along with the seasonal rise in soil temperature, but summer drought stress markedly decreased Rs in plots 3 and 4. There was a significant positive correlation between the natural logarithm of belowground plant biomass and Rs in autumn. Our findings indicate that the seasonal dynamics of Rs in this coastal dune ecosystem are controlled by abiotic factors (soil temperature and soil moisture), but the response of Rs to drought stress in summer varied among plots that differed in dominant vegetation species. Our findings also indicated that the spatial dynamics of Rs are mainly controlled by the distribution of belowground plant biomass and autotrophic respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munemasa Teramoto
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.
| | - Toru Hamamoto
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.,Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Naishen Liang
- Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Takeshi Taniguchi
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
| | - Takehiko Y Ito
- International Platform for Dryland Research and Education, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
| | - Richa Hu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Norikazu Yamanaka
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barneze AS, Whitaker J, McNamara NP, Ostle NJ. Interactions between climate warming and land management regulate greenhouse gas fluxes in a temperate grassland ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155212. [PMID: 35421502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from grasslands are affected by climate warming and agricultural management practices including nitrogen (N) fertiliser application and grazing. However, the interactive effects of these factors are poorly resolved in field studies. We used a factorial in situ experiment - combining warming, N-fertiliser and above-ground cutting treatments - to explore their individual and interactive effects on plant-soil properties and GHG fluxes in a temperate UK grassland over two years. Our results showed no interactive treatment effects on plant productivity despite individual effects of N-fertiliser and warming on above- and below-ground biomass. There were, however, interactive treatment effects on GHG fluxes that varied across the two years. In year 1, warming and N-fertiliser increased CO2 and reduced N2O fluxes. N-fertilised also interacted with above-ground biomass (AGB) removal increasing N2O fluxes in year one and reducing CO2 fluxes in year two. The grassland was consistently a sink of CH4; N-fertilised increased the sink by 45% (year 1), AGB removal and warming reduced CH4 consumption by 44% and 43%, respectively (year 2). The majority of the variance in CO2 fluxes was explained by above-ground metrics (grassland productivity and leaf dry matter content), with microclimate (air and soil temperature and soil moisture) and below-ground (root N content) metrics also significant. Soil chemistry (soil mineral N and net mineralisation rate), below-ground (specific root length) and microclimate (soil moisture) metrics explained 49% and 24% of the variance in N2O and CH4 fluxes, respectively. Overall, our work demonstrates the importance of interactions between climate and management as determinants of short-term grassland GHG fluxes. These results show that reduced cutting combined with lower inorganic N-fertilisers would constrain grassland C and N cycling and GHG fluxes in warmer climatic conditions. This has implications for strategic grassland management decisions to mitigate GHG fluxes in a warming world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlete S Barneze
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK; Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; Wageningen University & Research, Soil Biology Group, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeanette Whitaker
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Niall P McNamara
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Nicholas J Ostle
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kan Z, Chen Z, Wei Y, Virk AL, Bohoussou NY, Lal R, Zhao X, Zhang H. Contribution of wheat and maize to soil organic carbon in a wheat‐maize cropping system: a field and laboratory study. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng‐Rong Kan
- College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing PR China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - Zhe Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - Yu‐Xin Wei
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - N’dri Yves Bohoussou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - Rattan Lal
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| | - Hai‐Lin Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing PR China
- Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China Beijing PR China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang X, Hu HB, Zheng X, Deng WB, Chen JY, Zhang S, Cheng C. Will climate warming of terrestrial ecosystem contribute to increase soil greenhouse gas fluxes in plot experiment? A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154114. [PMID: 35231511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the main manifestations of global climate change is its profound impact on the emission of greenhouse gases from terrestrial soil. Numerous field warming experiments have explored the effects of different temperature rise intensities and durations on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in the growing season of different terrestrial ecosystems. However, the results were inconsistent due to the variations in vegetation, soil, and climatic conditions in different ecosystems. In the present work, we carried meta-analysis to synthesize 99 datasets from 52 field warming experiments in growing seasons of terrestrial ecosystems to evaluate the response of soil greenhouse gas fluxes to global warming. The results showed that warming greatly stimulated soil CO2 in temperate forest and farmland by 12.64% and 25.57%, respectively, significantly increased soil N2O emissions in grassland (27.23%), farmland (44.33%), and shrubland (223.36%), and increased soil CH4 uptake by 57.81% in grasslands. However, no significant impact on the greenhouse gas fluxes in other ecosystems was observed. Generally, short-and medium-term (≤ 3 years) warming can promote soil greenhouse gas fluxes. Also, low temperature and low-medium temperature (≤ 2 °C) significantly promoted N2O emission and CH4 absorption, and medium temperature (2-4 °C) considerably assisted CO2 flux, but high temperature (> 4 °C) had no significant effect on greenhouse gas flux. Our results demonstrated that soil greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems during the growing season do not increase linearly with the increasing climate warming, and it is still uncertain whether there is acclimatization to long-term climate warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hai-Bo Hu
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wen-Bin Deng
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jian-Yu Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Can Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang S, Chen W, Fu Z, Li Z, Wang J, Liao J, Niu S. Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variations of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes and Their Determinants in an Alpine Meadow. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:894398. [PMID: 35812942 PMCID: PMC9260316 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.894398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The alpine meadow is one of the most important ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) due to its huge carbon storage and wide distribution. Evaluating the carbon fluxes in alpine meadow ecosystems is crucial to understand the dynamics of carbon storage in high-altitude areas. Here, we investigated the carbon fluxes at seasonal and inter-annual timescales based on 5 years of observations of eddy covariance fluxes in the Zoige alpine meadow on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. We found that the Zoige alpine meadow acted as a faint carbon source of 94.69 ± 86.44 g C m-2 y-1 during the observation periods with large seasonal and inter-annual variations (IAVs). At the seasonal scale, gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) were positively correlated with photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), average daily temperature (Ta), and vapor pressure (VPD) and had negative relationships with volumetric water content (VWC). Seasonal variations of net ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange (NEE) were mostly explained by Ta, followed by PPFD, VPD, and VWC. The IAVs of GPP and Re were mainly attributable to the IAV of the maximum GPP rate (GPPmax) and maximum Re rate (Remax), respectively, both of which increased with the percentage of Cyperaceae and decreased with the percentage of Polygonaceae changes across years. The IAV of NEE was well explained by the anomalies of the maximum CO2 release rate (MCR). These results indicated that the annual net CO2 exchange in the alpine meadow ecosystem was controlled mainly by the maximum C release rates. Therefore, a better understanding of physiological response to various environmental factors at peak C uptake and release seasons will largely improve the predictions of GPP, Re, and NEE in the context of global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weinan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fu
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, UMR8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zhaolei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effect of Precipitation Variation on Soil Respiration in Rain-Fed Winter Wheat Systems on the Loess Plateau, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116915. [PMID: 35682496 PMCID: PMC9180287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Global climate change has aggravated the hydrological cycle by changing both the amount and distribution of precipitation, and this is especially notable in the semiarid Loess Plateau. How these precipitation variations have affected soil carbon (C) emission by the agroecosystems is still unclear. Here, to evaluate the effects of precipitation variation on soil respiration (Rs), a field experiment (from 2019 to 2020) was conducted with 3 levels of manipulation, including ambient precipitation (CK), 30% decreased precipitation (P−30), and 30% increased precipitation (P+30) in rain-fed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) agroecosystems on the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that the average Rs in P−30 treatment was significantly higher than those in the CK and P+30 treatments (p < 0.05), and the cumulative CO2 emissions were 406.37, 372.58 and 383.59 g C m−2, respectively. Seasonal responses of Rs to the soil volumetric moisture content (VWC) were affected by the different precipitation treatments. Rs was quadratically correlated with the VWC in the CK and P+30 treatments, and the threshold of the optimal VWC for Rs was approximately 16.06−17.07%. However, Rs was a piecewise linear function of the VWC in the P−30 treatment. The synergism of soil temperature (Ts) and VWC can better explain the variation in soil respiration in the CK and P−30 treatments. However, an increase in precipitation led to the decoupling of the Rs responses to Ts. The temperature sensitivity of respiration (Q10) varied with precipitation variation. Q10 was positive correlated with seasonal Ts in the CK and P+30 treatments, but exhibited a negative polynomial correlation with seasonal Ts in the P−30 treatment. Rs also exhibited diurnal clockwise hysteresis loops with Ts in the three precipitation treatments, and the seasonal dynamics of the diurnal lag time were significantly negatively correlated with the VWC. Our study highlighted that understanding the synergistic and decoupled responses of Rs and Q10 to Ts and VWC and the threshold of the change in response to the VWC under precipitation variation scenarios can benefit the prediction of future C balances in agroecosystems in semiarid regions under climate change.
Collapse
|
30
|
Ferrari FR, Thomazini A, Pereira AB, Spokas K, Schaefer CEGR. Potential greenhouse gases emissions by different plant communities in maritime Antarctica. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210602. [PMID: 35648993 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic plant communities show a close relationship with soil types across the landscape, where vegetation cover changes, biological influence, and soil characteristics can affect the dynamic of greenhouse gases emissions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate greenhouse gases emissions in lab conditions of ice-free areas along a topographic gradient (from sea level up to 300 meters). We selected 11 distinct vegetation compositions areas and assessed greenhouse gases production potentials through 20 days of laboratory incubations varying temperatures at -2, 4, 6, and 22 °C. High N2O production potential was associated with the Phanerogamic Community under the strong ornithogenic influence (phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter contents). Seven different areas acted as N2O sink at a temperature of -2 °C, demonstrating the impact of low-temperature conditions contributing to store N in soils. Moss Carpets had the highest CH4 emissions and low CO2 production potential. Fruticose Lichens had a CH4 sink effect and the highest values of CO2. The low rate of organic matter provided the CO2 sink effect on the bare soil (up to 6 °C). There is an overall trend of increasing greenhouse gases production potential with increasing temperature along a toposequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flávia R Ferrari
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Av. PH Rolfs, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - André Thomazini
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, Dom Bosco, 35702-031 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio B Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n, BR 290, Km 423, Campus São Gabriel, 97307-020 Bagé, RS, Brazil
| | - Kurt Spokas
- University of Minnesota, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Soil and Water Management Unit, 439 Borlaug Hall, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, United States
| | - Carlos E G R Schaefer
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Solos, Av. PH Rolfs, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Relative Roles of Climate Variation and Human Activities in Vegetation Dynamics in Coastal China from 2000 to 2019. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vegetation in the terrestrial ecosystem, sensitive to climate change and human activities, exerts a crucial influence on the carbon cycles in land, ocean, and atmosphere. Discrimination between climate and human-induced vegetation dynamics is advocated but still limited, especially in coastal China, which is characterized by a developed economy, a large population, and high food production, but also by unprecedented climate change and warming. Taking coastal China as the research area, our study used the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in growing seasons, as well as precipitation, temperature, and sunlight hours datasets, adopted residual trend analysis at pixel and regional scales in coastal China from 2000–2019 and aims to (1) delineate the patterns and processes of vegetation changes, and (2) separate the relative contributions of climate and human activities by adopting residual trend analysis. The results indicated that (1) coastal China experienced the most vegetation greening (83.04% of the whole region) and partial degradation (16.86% of the whole region) with significant spatial heterogeneity; (2) compared with climate change, human activities have a greater positive impact on NDVI, and the regions were mainly located in the north of the North China Plain and the south of southern China; (3) the relative contribution rates of climate change and human activities were detected to be 0–60% and 60–100%, respectively; (4) in the northern coastal areas, the improvement of cultivated land management greatly promoted the greening of vegetation and thus the increase of grain yield, while in southern coastal areas, afforestation and the restoration of degraded forest were responsible for vegetation restoration; and (5) similar results obtained by partial correlation between nighttime lights and NDVI indicated the reliability of the residual trend analysis. The linear relationships of precipitation, temperature, and radiation on NDVI may limit the accurate estimation of climate drivers on vegetation, and further ecosystem process-modeling approaches can be used to estimate the relative contribution of climate change and human activities. The findings in our research emphasized that the attribution for vegetation dynamics with heterogeneity can provide evidence for the designation of rational ecological conservation policies.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gao H, Tian H, Zhang Z, Xia X. Warming-induced greenhouse gas fluxes from global croplands modified by agricultural practices: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153288. [PMID: 35066045 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming increases the emissions of soil greenhouse gases (GHGs) by stimulating carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) processes in terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to climate change. However, the responses of soil GHG fluxes to warming from global agricultural ecosystems remain unknown. Here, we evaluate the effects of warming on soil GHG fluxes from global croplands under different agro-ecosystems, cropping systems, crop species, and N fertilizer levels, and determine the potential mechanisms through a meta-analysis of field observations. The results showed that warming (+2.0 °C on average) significantly enhanced soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (i.e., soil respiration) by 14.7% and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes by 12.6% across croplands and increased soil methane (CH4) uptake by 21.8% in uplands and CH4 release by 23.4% in paddy fields. The responses of C gas fluxes to warming were regulated by initial C substrates, initial wetness, and changes in temperature in croplands. The responses of N2O fluxes to warming were mainly associated with changed NH4+-N and NO3--N as well as initial wetness and N fertilizer in croplands. The responses of soil GHG fluxes to warming were generally comparable among different crop species and N fertilizer levels, respectively. However, the responses of CO2 emissions and CH4 release to warming were significantly higher in upland-paddy fields than in uplands and paddy fields; the warming-induced changes in CH4 release was significantly greater in rotation cropping systems than in single- and double-cropping systems. This synthesis highlights the important role of climate warming in increasing soil GHG fluxes from croplands, underscoring the critical need for agricultural practice adjustment to mitigate climate change in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Zhenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Effects of Prescribed Burning on Soil CO2 Emissions from Pinus yunnanensis Forestland in Central Yunnan, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of low-intensity and high-frequency prescribed burning on the soil CO2 emissions from Pinus yunnanensis forestland should be explored to achieve sustainable operation and management under fire disturbance. A Li-6400XT portable photosynthesis meter (equipped with a Li-6400-09 soil respiration chamber) and a TRIME®-PICO 64/32 soil temperature and moisture meter were used to measure the soil CO2 flux, soil temperature, and soil moisture at fixed observation sites in two treatments (i.e., unburned (UB) and after prescribed burning (AB)) in a Pinus yunnanensis forest of Zhaobi Mountain, Xinping County, Yunnan, China from March 2019 to February 2021. We also determined the relationships between the soil CO2 flux and soil hydrothermal factors. The results showed that (1) the soil CO2 flux in both UB and AB plots exhibited a significant unimodal trend of seasonal variations. In 2020, the highest soil CO2 fluxes occurred in September; they were 7.08 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 in the morning and 7.63 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 in the afternoon in the AB treatment, which was significantly lower than those in the UB treatment (p < 0.05). The AB and the UB treatment showed no significant differences in annual soil carbon flux (p > 0.05). (2) The relationship between the soil CO2 flux and moisture in the AB and UB plots was best fitted by a quadratic function, with a degree of fitting between 0.435 and 0.753. The soil CO2 flux and soil moisture showed an inverted U-shaped correlation in the UB plot (p < 0.05) but a positive correlation in the AB plot (p < 0.05). Soil moisture was the key factor affecting the soil CO2 flux (p < 0.05), while soil temperature showed no significant effect on soil CO2 flux in this area (p > 0.05). Therefore, the application of low-intensity prescribed burning for fire hazard reduction in this region achieved the objective without causing a persistent and drastic increase in the soil CO2 emissions. The results could provide important theoretical support for scientific implementation of prescribed burning, as well as scientific evaluation of ecological and environmental effects after prescribed burning.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhou Z, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang K, Wang W, Zhu J, Chai S, Zhang H, Miao Y. Contrasting Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Vegetative Phenology in Dry and Wet Years in a Temperate Steppe on the Mongolian Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:861794. [PMID: 35548313 PMCID: PMC9083225 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.861794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in spring and autumn phenology and thus growing season length (GSL) pose great challenges in accurately predicting terrestrial primary productivity. However, how spring and autumn phenology in response to land-use change and nitrogen deposition and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study was conducted to explore the GSL and its components [i.e., the beginning of growing season and ending of growing season (EGS)] in response to mowing and nitrogen addition in a temperate steppe on the Mongolia Plateau during 2 years with hydrologically contrasting condition [dry (2014) vs. wet (2015)]. Our results demonstrated that mowing advanced the BGS only by 3.83 days, while nitrogen addition advanced and delayed the BGS and EGS by 2.85 and 3.31 days, respectively, and thus prolonged the GSL by 6.16 days across the two growing seasons from 2014 to 2015. When analyzed by each year, nitrogen addition lengthened the GSL in the dry year (2014), whereas it shortened the GSL in the wet year (2015). Further analyses revealed that the contrasting impacts of nitrogen on the GSL were attributed to monthly precipitation regimes and plant growth rate indicated by the maximum of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVmax). Moreover, changes in the GSL and its two components had divergent impacts on community productivity. The findings highlight the critical role of precipitation regimes in regulating the responses of spring and autumn phenology to nutrient enrichment and suggest that the relationships of ecosystem productivity with spring and autumn phenology largely depend on interannual precipitation fluctuations under future increased nitrogen deposition scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhou
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
- Taihang Mountain Forest Pests Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Linzhou, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yinzhan Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junkang Zhu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shijie Chai
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuan Miao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Climate change is the most serious challenge facing humanity. Microbes produce and consume three major greenhouse gases-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-and some microbes cause human, animal, and plant diseases that can be exacerbated by climate change. Hence, microbial research is needed to help ameliorate the warming trajectory and cascading effects resulting from heat, drought, and severe storms. We present a brief summary of what is known about microbial responses to climate change in three major ecosystems: terrestrial, ocean, and urban. We also offer suggestions for new research directions to reduce microbial greenhouse gases and mitigate the pathogenic impacts of microbes. These include performing more controlled studies on the climate impact on microbial processes, system interdependencies, and responses to human interventions, using microbes and their carbon and nitrogen transformations for useful stable products, improving microbial process data for climate models, and taking the One Health approach to study microbes and climate change.
Collapse
|
36
|
Zeeshan M, Wenjun Z, Chuansheng W, Yan L, Azeez PA, Qinghai S, Yuntong L, Yiping Z, Zhiyun L, Liqing S. Soil heterotrophic respiration in response to rising temperature and moisture along an altitudinal gradient in a subtropical forest ecosystem, Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151643. [PMID: 34780839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, one-third of the terrestrial carbon (C) is stored in tropical soils. The warming predicted for this century is expected to increase microbial decomposition in soil and escalate climate change potential by releasing more carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Understanding the response of soils to warming is a key challenge in predicting future climate change trajectories. Here we examined the combined effect of soil temperature (Ts) and soil water content (VWC) on soil heterotrophic respiration (Rsh) and its temperature sensitivity across different altitudes (2400, 1900, and 1450 m ASL) in the Ailaoshan subtropical forest ecosystem, Southwest China. Along the elevation gradient, soil C stocks in the top 10 cm soil layer increased significantly from 10.7 g/ kg at 1480 m ASL to 283.1 g/ kg at 2480 m ASL. Soil cores from various elevations were translocated to the same, and lower elevations and Rsh from those cores were measured every month from February 2010 to January 2014. Temperature sensitivity (Q10) of Rsh for the period was highest at the highest (H) elevation (Q10 = 5.3), decreased significantly towards the middle (M, Q10 = 3.1) and low (L, Q10 = 1.2) elevation. Q10 at M and L elevation did not differ between the place of origin and translocated cores. For the cores within each elevation, Q10 did not vary across the years. Our models suggest that Rsh increased significantly in response to an increase in Ts at each elevation under an intermediate VWC. Hence, the rate of emission was higher in lower elevations due to a higher Ts range. Our findings highlight that the predicted warming over the 21st century will have the greatest impact of Ts on Rsh, especially on the soils at the highest elevations, and will lead towards positive feedback to the climate system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zeeshan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Zhou Wenjun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China.
| | - Wu Chuansheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China, 100 Qinghe Rd, 236037 Fuyang, Anhui, China.
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA
| | - P A Azeez
- Visiting Faculty, Department of Environmental Management, Bharathidasan University, Trichy 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Song Qinghai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Liu Yuntong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Zhang Yiping
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Lu Zhiyun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Jingdong, Yunnan 676209, China
| | - Sha Liqing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tian W, Sun H, Zhang Y, Xu J, Yao J, Li J, Li B, Nie M. Thermal adaptation occurs in the respiration and growth of widely distributed bacteria. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2820-2829. [PMID: 35090074 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial respiration is an important factor in regulating carbon (C) exchange between the soil and atmosphere. Thermal adaptation of soil microorganisms will lead to a weakening of the positive feedback between climate warming and soil respiration. The thermal adaptation of microbial communities and fungal species has been proven. However, studies on the thermal adaptation of bacterial species, the most important decomposers in the soil, are still lacking. Here, we isolated six species of widely distributed dominant bacteria and studied the effects of constant warming and temperature fluctuations on those species. The results showed that constant warming caused a downregulation of respiratory temperature sensitivity (Q10 ) of the bacterial species, accompanied by an elevation of the minimum temperature (Tmin ) required for growth. Similar results were seen with the addition of temperature fluctuations, suggesting that both scenarios caused a significant thermal adaptation among the bacterial species. Fluctuating and increasing temperatures are considered an important component of future warming. Therefore, the inclusion of physiological responses of bacteria to these changes is essential to understand relationships between microbiota and temperature and enhance the prediction of global soil-atmosphere C feedbacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yang Y, Shi G, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Pan J, Zhang Q, Yao B, Zhou H, Feng H. Experimental Warming Has Not Affected the Changes in Soil Organic Carbon During the Growing Season in an Alpine Meadow Ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847680. [PMID: 35371126 PMCID: PMC8971846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of climate warming and season on soil organic carbon (SOC) have received widespread attention, but how climate warming affects the seasonal changes of SOC remains unclear. Here, we established a gradient warming experiment to investigate plant attributes and soil physicochemical and microbial properties that were potentially associated with changes in SOC at the beginning (May) and end (August) of the growing season in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The SOC of August was lower than that of May, and the storage of SOC in August decreased by an average of 18.53 million grams of carbon per hectare. Warming not only failed to alter the content of SOC regardless of the season but also did not affect the change in SOC during the growing season. Among all the variables measured, microbial biomass carbon was highly coupled to the change in SOC. These findings indicate that alpine meadow soil is a source of carbon during the growing season, but climate warming has no significant impact on it. This study highlights that in the regulation of carbon source or pool in alpine meadow ecosystem, more attention should be paid to changes in SOC during the growing season, rather than climate warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Utilization of Agriculture Solid Waste Resources in Gansu Province, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Buqing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Utilization of Agriculture Solid Waste Resources in Gansu Province, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang H, Li J, Chen H, Liu H, Nie M. Enzymic moderations of bacterial and fungal communities on short- and long-term warming impacts on soil organic carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150197. [PMID: 34798739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities play critical roles in soil carbon-warming feedback, but our understanding of their linkages to soil carbon (C) pools in response to short- and long-term warming is deficient. Here, by conducting a meta-analysis of 150 studies, we show that short-term (<5 years) warming mainly affects soil labile carbon (LC) pools by changing bacterial community structure, while long-term (≥5 years) warming promotes the decomposition of recalcitrant C (RC) pools by increasing fungal biomass and decreasing actinobacterial biomass. Specifically, under short-term warming, significant increases in actinobacterial biomass (+15.9%) and the G+/G- ratio (+8.0%) were accompanied by an increase in carbon-degrading enzyme activities and a decrease in LC (-5.9%). Under long-term warming, the fungal biomass (+20.4%) and related POX (phenol oxidase) activity (+34.9%) increased significantly, while actinobacterial biomass (-20.1%), RC (-18.8%) and SOC (-6.7%) decreased. Meanwhile, we observed that warming impacts on soil microbial communities can be predicted by ecosystem type, the magnitude of warming, pH and elevation. Latitude and warming duration contributed the most to explaining the responses of LC and RC, respectively, across studies. Given that RC accounts for a substantial fraction of global soil C pools, the decline in RC pools greatly contributes to soil C degradation. Our findings suggest that different microbial groups may mediate the temporal dynamics of the decomposition of different soil C components and highlight that incorporating the temporal responses of soil microorganisms will improve predictions of the long-term dynamics of soil C pools in a warmer world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dong X, Liu C, Ma D, Wu Y, Man H, Wu X, Li M, Zang S. Organic Carbon Mineralization and Bacterial Community of Active Layer Soils Response to Short-Term Warming in the Great Hing'an Mountains of Northeast China. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:802213. [PMID: 35003032 PMCID: PMC8739994 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.802213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As a buffer layer for the energy and water exchange between atmosphere and permafrost, the active layer is sensitive to climate warming. Changes in the thermal state in active layer can alter soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. It is critical to identify the response of soil microbial communities to warming to better predict the regional carbon cycle under the background of global warming. Here, the active layer soils collected from a wetland-forest ecotone in the continuous permafrost region of Northeastern China were incubated at 5 and 15°C for 45 days. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to examine the response of bacterial community structure to experimental warming. A total of 4148 OTUs were identified, which followed the order 15°C > 5°C > pre-incubated. Incubation temperature, soil layer and their interaction have significant effects on bacterial alpha diversity (Chao index). Bacterial communities under different temperature were clearly distinguished. Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria accounted for more than 80% of the community abundance at the phylum level. Warming decreased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria, while Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria exhibited increasing trend. At family level, the abundance of norank_o__norank_c__AD3 and Ktedonobacteraceae decreased significantly with the increase of temperature, while Micrococcaccac increased. In addition, the amount of SOC mineralization were positively correlated with the relative abundances of most bacterial phyla and SOC content. SOC content was positively correlated with the relative abundance of most bacterial phyla. Results indicate that the SOC content was the primary explanatory variable and driver of microbial regulation for SOC mineralization. Our results provide a new perspective for understanding the microbial mechanisms that accelerates SOC decomposition under warming conditions in the forest-wetland ecotone of permafrost region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingfeng Dong
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Dalong Ma
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Yufei Wu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Man
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangwen Wu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Miao Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| | - Shuying Zang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
赵 佳. Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization in Spruce Forest Ecosystem in Northern Hebei Mountain Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.12677/ije.2022.112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
42
|
Moinet GYK, Dhami MK, Hunt JE, Podolyan A, Liáng LL, Schipper LA, Whitehead D, Nuñez J, Nascente A, Millard P. Soil microbial sensitivity to temperature remains unchanged despite community compositional shifts along geothermal gradients. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:6217-6231. [PMID: 34585498 PMCID: PMC9293425 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming may be exacerbated if rising temperatures stimulate losses of soil carbon to the atmosphere. The direction and magnitude of this carbon-climate feedback are uncertain, largely due to lack of knowledge of the thermal adaptation of the physiology and composition of soil microbial communities. Here, we applied the macromolecular rate theory (MMRT) to describe the temperature response of the microbial decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) in a natural long-term warming experiment in a geothermally active area in New Zealand. Our objective was to test whether microbial communities adapt to long-term warming with a shift in their composition and their temperature response that are consistent with evolutionary theory of trade-offs between enzyme structure and function. We characterized the microbial community composition (using metabarcoding) and the temperature response of microbial decomposition of SOM (using MMRT) of soils sampled along transects of increasing distance from a geothermally active zone comprising two biomes (a shrubland and a grassland) and sampled at two depths (0-50 and 50-100 mm), such that ambient soil temperature and soil carbon concentration varied widely and independently. We found that the different environments were hosting microbial communities with distinct compositions, with thermophile and thermotolerant genera increasing in relative abundance with increasing ambient temperature. However, the ambient temperature had no detectable influence on the MMRT parameters or the relative temperature sensitivity of decomposition (Q10 ). MMRT parameters were, however, strongly correlated with soil carbon concentration and carbon:nitrogen ratio. Our findings suggest that, while long-term warming selects for warm-adapted taxa, substrate quality and quantity exert a stronger influence than temperature in selecting for distinct thermal traits. The results have major implications for our understanding of the role of soil microbial processes in the long-term effects of climate warming on soil carbon dynamics and will help increase confidence in carbon-climate feedback projections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Y. K. Moinet
- Soil Biology GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchLincolnNew Zealand
| | | | - John E. Hunt
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchLincolnNew Zealand
| | | | - Liyĭn L. Liáng
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Millard
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchLincolnNew Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma Z, Shrestha BM, Bork EW, Chang SX, Carlyle CN, Döbert TF, Sobrinho LS, Boyce MS. Soil greenhouse gas emissions and grazing management in northern temperate grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148975. [PMID: 34271393 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing, a grazing system in which individual paddocks are grazed for a short duration at a high stock density and followed by a long rest period, is claimed to be an effective tool to sustainably manage and improve grasslands and enhance their ecosystem services. However, whether AMP grazing is superior to conventional grazing (n-AMP) in reducing soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is unclear. Here, we measured CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes between August 2017 and August 2019 in 12 pairs of AMP vs. n-AMP ranches distributed across an agro-climatic gradient in Alberta, Canada. We found that field GHG fluxes did not differ between AMP and n-AMP grazing systems, but instead were regulated by specific management attributes, environmental conditions, and soil properties, including cattle stocking rate, cultivation history, soil moisture content, and soil bulk density. Specifically, we found that seasonal mean CO2 emissions increased with increasing cattle stocking rates, while CH4 uptake was lower in grasslands with a history of cultivation. Seasonal mean CO2 emissions increased while CH4 uptake decreased with increasing soil moisture content. In addition, CH4 uptake decreased with increasing soil bulk density. Observed N2O emissions were poorly predicted by the management, environmental conditions, and soil properties investigated in our study. We conclude that AMP grazing does not have an advantage over n-AMP grazing in reducing GHG fluxes from grasslands. Future efforts to develop optimal management strategies (e.g., the use of sustainable stocking rates and avoided cultivation) that reduce GHG emissions should also consider the environmental conditions and soil properties unique to every grassland ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Ma
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bharat M Shrestha
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Edward W Bork
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
| | - Cameron N Carlyle
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Timm F Döbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Laio Silva Sobrinho
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Mark S Boyce
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Peplau T, Schroeder J, Gregorich E, Poeplau C. Long-term geothermal warming reduced stocks of carbon but not nitrogen in a subarctic forest soil. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:5341-5355. [PMID: 34157198 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is accelerating the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM). When predicting the net SOM dynamics in response to warming, there are considerable uncertainties owing to experimental limitations. Long-term in situ whole-profile soil warming studies are particularly rare. This study used a long-term, naturally occurring geothermal gradient in Yukon, Canada, to investigate the warming effects on SOM in a forest ecosystem. Soils were sampled along this thermosequence which exhibited warming of up to 7.7℃; samples were collected to a depth of 80 cm and analysed for soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) content, and estimates made of SOC stock and fractions. Potential litter decomposition rates as a function of soil temperature and depth were observed for a 1-year period using buried teabags and temperature loggers. The SOC in the topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-80 cm) responded similar to warming. A negative relationship was found between soil temperature and whole-profile SOC stocks, with a total loss of 27% between the warmest and reference plots, and a relative loss of 3%℃-1 . SOC losses were restricted to the particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fractions with net whole-profile depletions. Losses in POM-C accounted for the largest share of the total SOC losses. In contrast to SOC, N was not lost from the soil as a result of warming, but was redistributed with a relatively large accumulation in the silt and clay fraction (+40%). This suggests an immobilization of N by microbes building up in mineral-associated organic matter. These results confirm that soil warming accelerates SOC turnover throughout the profile and C is lost in both the topsoil and subsoil. Since N stocks remained constant with warming, SOM stoichiometry changed considerably and this in turn could affect C cycling through changes in microbial metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tino Peplau
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julia Schroeder
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Edward Gregorich
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Central Experimental Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cui H, Bai J, Du S, Wang J, Keculah GN, Wang W, Zhang G, Jia J. Interactive effects of groundwater level and salinity on soil respiration in coastal wetlands of a Chinese delta. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117400. [PMID: 34058447 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal wetland soils serve as a great C sink or source, which highly depends on soil carbon flux affected by complex hydrology in relation to salinity. We conducted a field experiment to investigate soil respiration of three coastal wetlands with different land covers (BL: bare land; SS: Suaeda salsa; PL: Phragmites australis) from May to October in 2012 and 2013 under three groundwater tables (deeper, medium, and shallower water tables) in the Yellow River Delta of China, and to characterize the spatial and temporal changes and the primary environmental drivers of soil respiration in coastal wetlands. Our results showed that the elevated groundwater table decreased soil CO2 emissions, and the soil respiration rates at each groundwater table exhibited seasonal and diurnal dynamics, where significant differences were observed among coastal wetlands with different groundwater tables (p < 0.05), with the average CO2 emission of 146.52 ± 13.66 μmol m-2s-1 for deeper water table wetlands, 105.09 ± 13.48 μmol m-2s-1 for medium water table wetlands and 54.32 ± 10.02 μmol m-2s-1 for shallower water table wetlands. Compared with bare land and Suaeda salsa wetlands, higher soil respiration was observed in Phragmites australis wetlands. Generally, soil respiration was greatly affected by salinity and soil water content. There were significant correlations between groundwater tables, electrical conductivity and soil respiration (p < 0.05), indicating that soil respiration in coastal wetlands was limited by electrical conductivity and groundwater tables and soil C sink might be improved by regulating water and salt conditions. We have also observed that soil respiration and temperature showed an exponential relationship on a seasonal scale. Taking into consideration the changes in groundwater tables and salinity that might be caused by sea level rise in the context of global warming, we emphasize the importance of groundwater level and salinity in the carbon cycle process of estuarine wetlands in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Junhong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shudong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Junjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ghemelee Nitta Keculah
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Soria R, Rodríguez-Berbel N, Ortega R, Lucas-Borja ME, Miralles I. Soil amendments from recycled waste differently affect CO₂ soil emissions in restored mining soils under semiarid conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 294:112894. [PMID: 34119984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drylands affected by serious disturbances such as mining activities lose their vegetation cover and organic soil horizons, becoming CO2 emissions sources. Applications of organic amendments could be a good restoration solution that favours vegetation establishment and soil carbon sequestration; however, they are also associated with CO₂ emissions. Experimental plots with different organic amendments (sewage sludge, garden and greenhouse vegetable composts, and mixtures of both) and unamended soils were installed in a quarry in southeast Spain. The aim of this study was: i) to evaluate the magnitude and changes of in situ CO₂ emission from each experimental plot during a year and a half, and ii) to assess the effects of several physical-chemical (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, water retention, pH and electrical conductivity) and environmental parameters (moisture and temperature) in CO2 emissions. The results showed an initial CO2 emission (priming effect), produced from all restored plots just after the application of the organic amendment, which was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in soils with sewage sludge and their mixtures in comparison to vegetable compost. Garden compost had low emission rates, similar to soils without amendment and showed lower CO2 emission rates than the rest of the restoration treatments. Nevertheless, CO2 emissions decreased in each field campaign over time, showing that all restored soils had lower emissions than natural soils at the end of the sampled period. The different composition of organic amendments had a different effect on soil CO2 emissions. DistLM analysis showed that soil properties such as total organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH and soil moisture, associated with rainfall periods, strongly influenced CO₂ emissions, whereas temperature did not affect the CO2 flow. In conclusion, the compost from plant remains could serve better as treatment to restore degraded soils in drylands than sewage sludge because of its lower CO2 emissions and concomitant effect on climate warming and carbon balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Soria
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120, Almería, Spain
| | - N Rodríguez-Berbel
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120, Almería, Spain
| | - R Ortega
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120, Almería, Spain
| | - M E Lucas-Borja
- Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics, School of Advanced Agricultural Engineering, Castilla La Mancha University, Campus Universitario S/n, E-02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - I Miralles
- Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120, Almería, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Roy Chowdhury P, Golas SM, Alteio LV, Stevens JTE, Billings AF, Blanchard JL, Melillo JM, DeAngelis KM. The Transcriptional Response of Soil Bacteria to Long-Term Warming and Short-Term Seasonal Fluctuations in a Terrestrial Forest. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:666558. [PMID: 34512564 PMCID: PMC8429792 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.666558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial ecosystems are an important carbon store, and this carbon is vulnerable to microbial degradation with climate warming. After 30 years of experimental warming, carbon stocks in a temperate mixed deciduous forest were observed to be reduced by 30% in the heated plots relative to the controls. In addition, soil respiration was seasonal, as was the warming treatment effect. We therefore hypothesized that long-term warming will have higher expressions of genes related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism due to increased utilization of recalcitrant carbon pools compared to controls. Because of the seasonal effect of soil respiration and the warming treatment, we further hypothesized that these patterns will be seasonal. We used RNA sequencing to show how the microbial community responds to long-term warming (~30 years) in Harvard Forest, MA. Total RNA was extracted from mineral and organic soil types from two treatment plots (+5°C heated and ambient control), at two time points (June and October) and sequenced using Illumina NextSeq technology. Treatment had a larger effect size on KEGG annotated transcripts than on CAZymes, while soil types more strongly affected CAZymes than KEGG annotated transcripts, though effect sizes overall were small. Although, warming showed a small effect on overall CAZymes expression, several carbohydrate-associated enzymes showed increased expression in heated soils (~68% of all differentially expressed transcripts). Further, exploratory analysis using an unconstrained method showed increased abundances of enzymes related to polysaccharide and lipid metabolism and decomposition in heated soils. Compared to long-term warming, we detected a relatively small effect of seasonal variation on community gene expression. Together, these results indicate that the higher carbohydrate degrading potential of bacteria in heated plots can possibly accelerate a self-reinforcing carbon cycle-temperature feedback in a warming climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan M. Golas
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Lauren V. Alteio
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Joshua T. E. Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Andrew F. Billings
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Blanchard
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Jerry M. Melillo
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratories, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Kristen M. DeAngelis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Song J, Xia J, Hui D, Zheng M, Wang J, Ru J, Wang H, Zhang Q, Yang C, Wan S. Plant functional types regulate non‐additive responses of soil respiration to 5‐year warming and nitrogen addition in a semi‐arid grassland. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Jianyang Xia
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco‐Restoration School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
- Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA
| | - Mengmei Zheng
- College of Life Sciences Henan Normal University Xinxiang China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Jingyi Ru
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Haidao Wang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Qingshan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ding S, Yao X, Wang J, Deng X, Zhang M, Long J, Chen S, Hu Z, Wang D, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhang T. Relationships between soil respiration and hyperspectral vegetation indexes and crop characteristics under different warming and straw application modes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40756-40770. [PMID: 33770359 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Examining the relationship between seasonal variations in soil respiration and abiotic factors and vegetation indexes is crucial for modeling soil respiration using upscaled remote sensing satellite data. A field experiment including control (CK), warming (WA), straw application (SA), and warming and straw application (WASA) treatments was performed in a winter wheat-soybean rotation cropland on the north shore of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Soil respiration, abiotic factors, crop hyperspectral vegetation indexes, leaf area index (LAI), and chlorophyll content (represented as the SPAD value) were measured during the 2018-2020 rotation growing seasons. The results indicated that the mean annual soil respiration was 2.27 ± 0.04, 3.08 ± 0.06, 3.64 ± 0.08, and 3.95 ± 0.20 μmol m-2 s-1 in the CK, WA, SA, and WASA plots, respectively, during the 2-year experimental period. Soil respiration was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with soil temperature, soil moisture, hyperspectral vegetation indexes, LAI, and SPAD value in all plots. Models that included temperature, moisture, hyperspectral vegetation indexes, LAI, and SPAD value explained 50.5-74.7% of the seasonal variation in soil respiration in the CK, WA, SA, and WASA plots during the 2-year experimental period. A model including the seasonal mean NDVI, DVI, EVI, PRI, and LAI explained 72.4% of the interseasonal and intertreatment variations in seasonal mean soil respiration in the different plots across the four different crop-growing seasons. Our study indicated the potential applicability of hyperspectral vegetation indexes, LAI, and SPAD value to the estimation of soil respiration at a regional scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xuewen Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Ximing Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jilan Long
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Shutao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Zhenghua Hu
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang J, Defrenne C, McCormack ML, Yang L, Tian D, Luo Y, Hou E, Yan T, Li Z, Bu W, Chen Y, Niu S. Fine-root functional trait responses to experimental warming: a global meta-analysis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1856-1867. [PMID: 33586131 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Whether and how warming alters functional traits of absorptive plant roots remains to be answered across the globe. Tackling this question is crucial to better understanding terrestrial responses to climate change as fine-root traits drive many ecosystem processes. We carried out a detailed synthesis of fine-root trait responses to experimental warming by performing a meta-analysis of 964 paired observations from 177 publications. Warming increased fine-root biomass, production, respiration and nitrogen concentration as well as decreased root carbon : nitrogen ratio and nonstructural carbohydrates. Warming effects on fine-root biomass decreased with greater warming magnitude, especially in short-term experiments. Furthermore, the positive effect of warming on fine-root biomass was strongest in deeper soil horizons and in colder and drier regions. Total fine-root length, morphology, mortality, life span and turnover were unresponsive to warming. Our results highlight the significant changes in fine-root traits in response to warming as well as the importance of warming magnitude and duration in understanding fine-root responses. These changes have strong implications for global soil carbon stocks in a warmer world associated with increased root-derived carbon inputs into deeper soil horizons and increases in fine-root respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Camille Defrenne
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - M Luke McCormack
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Rt. 53, Lisle, IL, 60532, USA
| | - Lu Yang
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Enqing Hou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhaolei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wensheng Bu
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|