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López-Plaza B, Álvarez-Mercado AI, Arcos-Castellanos L, Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Brandimonte-Hernández M, Feliú-Batlle J, Hummel T, Gil Á, Palma-Milla S. Efficacy and Safety of Habitual Consumption of a Food Supplement Containing Miraculin in Malnourished Cancer Patients: The CLINMIR Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1905. [PMID: 38931260 PMCID: PMC11207068 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Taste disorders (TDs) are common among systemically treated cancer patients and negatively impact their nutritional status and quality of life. The novel food approved by the European Commission (EFSA), dried miracle berries (DMB), contains the natural taste-modifying protein miraculin. DMB, also available as a supplement, has emerged as a possible alternative treatment for TDs. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of habitual DMB consumption in malnourished cancer patients undergoing active treatment. An exploratory clinical trial was carried out in which 31 cancer patients were randomized into three arms [standard dose of DMB (150 mg DMB/tablet), high dose of DMB (300 mg DMB/tablet) or placebo (300 mg freeze-dried strawberry)] for three months. Patients consumed a DMB tablet or placebo daily before each main meal (breakfast, lunch, and dinner). Throughout the five main visits, electrochemical taste perception, nutritional status, dietary intake, quality of life and the fatty acid profile of erythrocytes were evaluated. Patients consuming a standard dose of DMB exhibited improved taste acuity over time (% change right/left side: -52.8 ± 38.5/-58.7 ± 69.2%) and salty taste perception (2.29 ± 1.25 vs. high dose: 2.17 ± 1.84 vs. placebo: 1.57 ± 1.51 points, p < 0.05). They also had higher energy intake (p = 0.075) and covered better energy expenditure (107 ± 19%). The quality of life evaluated by symptom scales improved in patients receiving the standard dose of DMB (constipation, p = 0.048). The levels of arachidonic (13.1 ± 1.8; 14.0 ± 2.8, 12.0 ± 2.0%; p = 0.004) and docosahexaenoic (4.4 ± 1.7; 4.1 ± 1.0; 3.9 ± 1.6%; p = 0.014) acids in erythrocytes increased over time after DMB intake. The standard dose of DMB increased fat-free mass vs. placebo (47.4 ± 9.3 vs. 44.1 ± 4.7 kg, p = 0.007). Importantly, habitual patients with DMB did not experience any adverse events, and metabolic parameters remained stable and within normal ranges. In conclusion, habitual consumption of a standard 150 mg dose of DMB improves electrochemical food perception, nutritional status (energy intake, fat quantity and quality, fat-free mass), and quality of life in malnourished cancer patients receiving antineoplastic treatment. Additionally, DMB consumption appears to be safe, with no changes in major biochemical parameters associated with health status. Clinical trial registered (NCT05486260).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bricia López-Plaza
- Food, Nutrition and Health Platform, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (S.P.-M.)
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.P.-D.); (F.J.R.-O.); (Á.G.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Lucía Arcos-Castellanos
- Food, Nutrition and Health Platform, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (S.P.-M.)
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.P.-D.); (F.J.R.-O.); (Á.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.P.-D.); (F.J.R.-O.); (Á.G.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Brandimonte-Hernández
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliú-Batlle
- Oncology Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBERONC (CIBER Cancer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Ángel Gil
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain; (J.P.-D.); (F.J.R.-O.); (Á.G.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Samara Palma-Milla
- Food, Nutrition and Health Platform, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (S.P.-M.)
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition Department, Hospital University La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Serhan CN, Bäck M, Chiurchiù V, Hersberger M, Mittendorfer B, Calder PC, Waitzberg DL, Stoppe C, Klek S, Martindale RG. Expert consensus report on lipid mediators: Role in resolution of inflammation and muscle preservation. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23699. [PMID: 38805158 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400619r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This meeting report presents a consensus on the biological aspects of lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition, emphasizing the unanimous support for the integration of lipid emulsions, particularly those containing fish oil, owing to their many potential benefits beyond caloric provision. Lipid emulsions have evolved from simple energy sources to complex formulations designed to improve safety profiles and offer therapeutic benefits. The consensus highlights the critical role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), found in fish oil and other marine oils, for their anti-inflammatory properties, muscle mass preservation, and as precursors to the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). SPMs play a significant role in immune modulation, tissue repair, and the active resolution of inflammation without impairing host defense mechanisms. The panel's agreement underscores the importance of incorporating fish oil within clinical practices to facilitate recovery in conditions like surgery, critical illness, or immobility, while cautioning against therapies that might disrupt natural inflammation resolution processes. This consensus not only reaffirms the role of specific lipid components in enhancing patient outcomes, but also suggests a shift towards nutrition-based therapeutic strategies in clinical settings, advocating for the proactive evidence-based use of lipid emulsions enriched with omega-3 PUFAs. Furthermore, we should seek to apply our knowledge concerning DHA, EPA, and their SPM derivatives, to produce more informative randomized controlled trial protocols, thus allowing more authoritative clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, European Center for Brain Research, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Hersberger
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Mittendorfer
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Nutrition & Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Philip C Calder
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dan L Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas LIM 35, Ganep-Human Nutrition, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stanislaw Klek
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Cancer Institute, Krakow, Poland
| | - Robert G Martindale
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Sheng Y, Hu W, Chen S, Zhu X. Efferocytosis by macrophages in physiological and pathological conditions: regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1275203. [PMID: 38779685 PMCID: PMC11109379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1275203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis is defined as the highly effective phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells (ACs) by professional or non-professional phagocytes. Tissue-resident professional phagocytes ("efferocytes"), such as macrophages, have high phagocytic capacity and are crucial to resolve inflammation and aid in homeostasis. Recently, numerous exciting discoveries have revealed divergent (and even diametrically opposite) findings regarding metabolic immune reprogramming associated with efferocytosis by macrophages. In this review, we highlight the key metabolites involved in the three phases of efferocytosis and immune reprogramming of macrophages under physiological and pathological conditions. The next decade is expected to yield further breakthroughs in the regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms connecting immunological outcomes to metabolic cues as well as avenues for "personalized" therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan−Ran Sheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen−Ting Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siman Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao−Yong Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sun Q, Hu Z, Huang W, Liu X, Wu X, Chang W, Tang Y, Peng F, Yang Y. CircMLH3 induces mononuclear macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis by sponging miR-590-3p to regulate TAK1 expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130179. [PMID: 38378118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a fatal syndrome characterized by uncontrolled systemic inflammatory responses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the modulation of various pathophysiological processes, but their potential role in sepsis has largely been unexplored. In this study, we observed differential expression of circMLH3 between healthy volunteers and septic patients, and revealed the value of circMLH3 for sepsis diagnosis and prognostic prediction. Interestingly, we discovered a correlation between the expression level of circMLH3 and the degree of pyroptosis, a critical mechanism contributing to uncontrolled inflammation in sepsis patients. Knocking down circMLH3 alleviated macrophage pyroptosis whereas overexpressing circMLH3 aggravated pyroptosis. circMLH3 regulated macrophage pyroptosis by sponging miR-590-3p and subsequently modulating TAK1 expression. Furthermore, we found that the miR-590-3p/TAK1 axis inhibited the activation of pro-caspase-1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome. miR-590-3p overexpression had a protective effect by reducing macrophage pyroptosis, thereby alleviating sepsis-induced lung injury and systemic inflammatory responses. In conclusion, our study elucidated the circMLH3/miR-590-3p/TAK1 signaling pathway and identified its role in regulating mononuclear macrophage pyroptosis, thus providing potential novel targets and strategies for sepsis diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihan Hu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fei Peng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sulaiman D, Wu D, Black LP, Williams KJ, Graim K, Datta S, Reddy ST, Guirgis FW. Lipidomic changes in a novel sepsis outcome-based analysis reveals potent pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving signaling lipids. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13745. [PMID: 38488489 PMCID: PMC10941572 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the lipidome of patients with sepsis to identify signaling lipids associated with poor outcomes that could be linked to future therapies. Adult patients with sepsis were enrolled within 24h of sepsis recognition. Patients meeting Sepsis-3 criteria were enrolled from the emergency department or intensive care unit and blood samples were obtained. Clinical data were collected and outcomes of rapid recovery, chronic critical illness (CCI), or early death were adjudicated by clinicians. Lipidomic analysis was performed on two platforms, the Sciex™ 5500 device to perform a lipidomic screen of 1450 lipid species and a targeted signaling lipid panel using liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. For the lipidomic screen, there were 274 patients with sepsis: 192 with rapid recovery, 47 with CCI, and 35 with early deaths. CCI and early death patients were grouped together for analysis. Fatty acid (FA) 12:0 was decreased in CCI/early death, whereas FA 17:0 and 20:1 were elevated in CCI/early death, compared to rapid recovery patients. For the signaling lipid panel analysis, there were 262 patients with sepsis: 189 with rapid recovery, 45 with CCI, and 28 with early death. Pro-inflammatory signaling lipids from ω-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (HETE), 12-HETE, and 11-HETE (oxidation products of arachidonic acid [AA]) were elevated in CCI/early death patients compared to rapid recovery. The pro-resolving lipid mediator from ω-3 PUFAs, 14(S)-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid (14S-HDHA), was also elevated in CCI/early death compared to rapid recovery. Signaling lipids of the AA pathway were elevated in poor-outcome patients with sepsis and may serve as targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoud Sulaiman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dongyuan Wu
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Kevin J. Williams
- Department of Biological ChemistryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- UCLA Lipidomics LabLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kiley Graim
- Computer and Information Science and EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Faheem W. Guirgis
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Montserrat-de la Paz S, Del Carmen Naranjo M, Lopez S, Del Carmen Millan-Linares M, Rivas-Dominguez A, Jaramillo-Carmona SM, Abia R, Muriana FJG, Bermudez B. Immediate-release niacin and a monounsaturated fatty acid-rich meal on postprandial inflammation and monocyte characteristics in men with metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2138-2150. [PMID: 37774650 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM When considered separately, long-term immediate-release niacin and fatty meals enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) decrease postprandial triglycerides, but their effects on postprandial inflammation, which is common in individuals with metabolic syndrome, are less known. Moreover, successful combination is lacking and its impact on acute disorders of the innate immune cells in the metabolic syndrome remains unclear. Here, we aimed to establish the effects from combination with niacin of different fats [butter, enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA), olive oil, enriched in MUFA, and olive oil supplemented with eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids] on plasma inflammatory markers and circulating monocyte subsets, activation and priming at the postprandial period in individuals with metabolic syndrome. METHODS A random-order within-subject crossover experiment was performed, in which 16 individuals with metabolic syndrome and 16 age-matched healthy volunteers took 2 g immediate-release niacin together with the corresponding fatty meal or a meal with no fat as control. In total, 128 postprandial curves were analysed. We sampled hourly over 6 h for plasma concentrations of soluble inflammatory markers and triglycerides. Circulating monocyte subsets (CD14/CD16 balance), activation (CCL2/CCR2 axis) and priming (M1/M2-like phenotype) at the time of postprandial hypertriglyceridemic peak were also addressed. RESULTS Dietary SFA (combined with niacin) promote postprandial excursions of circulating IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and CD14/CCR2-rich monocytes with a pro-inflammatory M1-like phenotype, particularly in individuals with metabolic syndrome. In contrast, dietary MUFA (combined with niacin) postprandially increased circulating CD16-rich monocytes with an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype. Omega-3 PUFA did not add to the effects of MUFA. CONCLUSION The co-administration of a single-dose of immediate-release niacin with a fatty meal rich in MUFA, in contrast to SFA, suppresses postprandial inflammation at the levels of both secretory profile and monocyte response in individuals with metabolic syndrome. These findings highlight a potential role of combining niacin and dietary MUFA for the homeostatic control of inflammation and the innate immune system, identifying a new search direction for the management of disorders associated with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Del Carmen Naranjo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Lopez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS/CSIC), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Del Carmen Millan-Linares
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; Cell Biology Unit, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocio Abia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J G Muriana
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bermudez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Maus KD, Stephenson DJ, Macknight HP, Vu NT, Hoeferlin LA, Kim M, Diegelmann RF, Xie X, Chalfant CE. Skewing cPLA 2α activity toward oxoeicosanoid production promotes neutrophil N2 polarization, wound healing, and the response to sepsis. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadd6527. [PMID: 37433004 PMCID: PMC10565596 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is linked to poor outcomes in sepsis and wound healing, both of which proceed through distinct inflammatory and resolution phases. Eicosanoids are a class of bioactive lipids that recruit neutrophils and other innate immune cells. The interaction of ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) with the eicosanoid biosynthetic enzyme cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) reduces the production of a subtype of eicosanoids called oxoeicosanoids. We investigated the effect of shifting the balance in eicosanoid biosynthesis on neutrophil polarization and function. Knockin mice expressing a cPLA2 mutant lacking the C1P binding site (cPLA2αKI/KI mice) showed enhanced and sustained neutrophil infiltration into wounds and the peritoneum during the inflammatory phase of wound healing and sepsis, respectively. The mice exhibited improved wound healing and reduced susceptibility to sepsis, which was associated with an increase in anti-inflammatory N2-type neutrophils demonstrating proresolution behaviors and a decrease in proinflammatory N1-type neutrophils. The N2 polarization of cPLA2αKI/KI neutrophils resulted from increased oxoeicosanoid biosynthesis and autocrine signaling through the oxoeicosanoid receptor OXER1 and partially depended on OXER1-dependent inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Thus, C1P binding to cPLA2α suppresses neutrophil N2 polarization, thereby impairing wound healing and the response to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Maus
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Daniel J Stephenson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - H Patrick Macknight
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ngoc T Vu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, International University-VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - L Alexis Hoeferlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond VA 23298, USA
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Robert F Diegelmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond VA 23298, USA
| | - Xiujie Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Research Service, Richmond Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond VA, 23298, USA
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Liu WC, Yang YH, Wang YC, Chang WM, Wang CW. Maresin: Macrophage Mediator for Resolving Inflammation and Bridging Tissue Regeneration-A System-Based Preclinical Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11012. [PMID: 37446190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maresins are lipid mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids with anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties, capable of promoting tissue regeneration and potentially serving as a therapeutic agent for chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review was to systematically investigate preclinical and clinical studies on maresin to inform translational research. Two independent reviewers performed comprehensive searches with the term "Maresin (NOT) Review" on PubMed. A total of 137 studies were included and categorized into 11 human organ systems. Data pertinent to clinical translation were specifically extracted, including delivery methods, optimal dose response, and specific functional efficacy. Maresins generally exhibit efficacy in treating inflammatory diseases, attenuating inflammation, protecting organs, and promoting tissue regeneration, mostly in rodent preclinical models. The nervous system has the highest number of original studies (n = 25), followed by the cardiovascular system, digestive system, and respiratory system, each having the second highest number of studies (n = 18) in the field. Most studies considered systemic delivery with an optimal dose response for mouse animal models ranging from 4 to 25 μg/kg or 2 to 200 ng via intraperitoneal or intravenous injection respectively, whereas human in vitro studies ranged between 1 and 10 nM. Although there has been no human interventional clinical trial yet, the levels of MaR1 in human tissue fluid can potentially serve as biomarkers, including salivary samples for predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and periodontal diseases; plasma and synovial fluid levels of MaR1 can be associated with treatment response and defining pathotypes of rheumatoid arthritis. Maresins exhibit great potency in resolving disease inflammation and bridging tissue regeneration in preclinical models, and future translational development is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chun Liu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei 110310, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Yang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei 110310, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei 110310, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chang
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei 110310, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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9
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Lei P, Xu W, Wang C, Lin G, Yu S, Guo Y. Mendelian Randomization Analysis Reveals Causal Associations of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Sepsis and Mortality Risk. Infect Dis Ther 2023:10.1007/s40121-023-00831-z. [PMID: 37316614 PMCID: PMC10390410 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite numerous observational studies reporting a positive correlation between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the risk of sepsis and mortality, the causation of such an association has yet to be firmly established. Thus, our study aimed to undertake the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to scrutinize the potential causalities of PUFAs with sepsis and mortality risk. METHODS We conducted the MR investigation using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of PUFAs [including omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3), omega-6 fatty acids (omega-6), the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (omega-6:3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LA)], sepsis, and sepsis mortality. We utilized the GWAS summary data from the UK Biobank. To establish reliable causality, we employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary analytical approach, together with four additional MR methods. In addition, we performed heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy assessments using Cochrane's Q test and MR-Egger intercept test, respectively. Finally, we performed a series of sensitivity analyses to enhance the precision and veracity of our findings. RESULTS The IVW method showed that genetically predicted omega-3 [odd ratio (OR) 0.914, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.845-0.987, P = 0.023] and DHA (OR 0.893, 95% CI 0.815-0.979, P = 0.015) were suggestively linked to a decreased risk of sepsis. Furthermore, genetically predicted DHA (OR 0.819, 95% CI 0.681-0.986, P = 0.035) was suggestively associated with a reduced risk of sepsis-related death. Conversely, the omega-6:3 ratio (OR 1.177, 95% CI 1.011-1.371, P = 0.036) was suggestively linked to an increased risk of sepsis-induced mortality. On the basis of the MR-Egger intercept assessment, it appears that our MR examination was not influenced by any horizontal pleiotropy (all P > 0.05). Moreover, the reliability of the estimated causal association was confirmed by the sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION Our study supported the casual effect between PUFAs and susceptibility to sepsis and sepsis-related death. Our findings underline the importance of specific PUFAs levels, particularly for individuals with a genetic susceptibility to sepsis. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Congjie Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Guoshuai Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Songmei Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanli Guo
- Department of Emergency, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
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10
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Prado Y, Echeverría C, Feijóo CG, Riedel CA, Cabello-Verrugio C, Santibanez JF, Simon F. Effect of Dietary Supplements with ω-3 Fatty Acids, Ascorbic Acid, and Polyphenolic Antioxidant Flavonoid on Gene Expression, Organ Failure, and Mortality in Endotoxemia-Induced Septic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030659. [PMID: 36978907 PMCID: PMC10044831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis syndrome develops through enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sepsis syndrome is characterized by vascular hyperpermeability, hypotension, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and increased mortality, among others. Endotoxemia-derived sepsis is an important cause of sepsis syndrome. During endotoxemia, circulating endotoxin interacts with endothelial cells (ECs), inducing detrimental effects on endothelium function. The endotoxin induces the conversion of ECs into fibroblasts, which are characterized by a massive change in the endothelial gene-expression pattern. This downregulates the endothelial markers and upregulates fibrotic proteins, mesenchymal transcription factors, and extracellular matrix proteins, producing endothelial fibrosis. Sepsis progression is modulated by the consumption of specific nutrients, including ω-3 fatty acids, ascorbic acid, and polyphenolic antioxidant flavonoids. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly described. The notion that gene expression is modulated during inflammatory conditions by nutrient consumption has been reported. However, it is not known whether nutrient consumption modulates the fibrotic endothelial gene-expression pattern during sepsis as a mechanism to decrease vascular hyperpermeability, hypotension, MODS, and mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the consumption of dietary ω-3 fatty acids, ascorbic acid, and polyphenolic antioxidant flavonoid supplements on the modulation of fibrotic endothelial gene-expression patterns during sepsis and to determine the effects on sepsis outcomes. Our results indicate that the consumption of supplements based on ω-3 fatty acids and polyphenolic antioxidant flavonoids was effective for improving endotoxemia outcomes through prophylactic ingestion and therapeutic usage. Thus, our findings indicated that specific nutrient consumption improves sepsis outcomes and should be considered in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Prado
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Cesar Echeverría
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nanomedicine and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Atacama, Copiapo 1532502, Chile
| | - Carmen G. Feijóo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Laboratory of Endocrinology-Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 8350709, Chile
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Integrative Center for Biology and Applied Chemistry (CIBQA), Bernardo O’Higgins University, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +562-2661-5653
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11
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Liu W, Liu T, Zheng Y, Xia Z. Metabolic Reprogramming and Its Regulatory Mechanism in Sepsis-Mediated Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1195-1207. [PMID: 36968575 PMCID: PMC10038208 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s403778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by an infection that can lead to multiple organ failure. Sepsis alters energy metabolism, leading to metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, which consequently disrupts innate and adaptive immune responses, triggering hyperinflammation and immunosuppression. This review summarizes metabolic reprogramming and its regulatory mechanism in sepsis-induced hyperinflammation and immunosuppression, highlights the significance and intricacies of immune cell metabolic reprogramming, and emphasizes the pivotal role of mitochondria in metabolic regulation and treatment of sepsis. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the relevant literature to inform future research directions in understanding the regulation of sepsis immunometabolism. Metabolic reprogramming has great promise as a new target for sepsis treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongjun Zheng; Zhaofan Xia, Email ;
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Chen ZS, Yu MM, Wang K, Meng XL, Liu YC, Shou ST, Chai YF. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and attenuate sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Nutrition 2023; 106:111886. [PMID: 36459842 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis can cause myocardial injury, which is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. Fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in ultralong chains has immunomodulatory effects and can inhibit the production of various critically ill proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this study focused on whether ω-3 PUFAs have a protective effect on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). METHODS Male 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with 3% special fish oil supplement rat food for seven consecutive days prior to surgery. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was perfromed to induce polymicrobial sepsis.The cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, apoptosis of cardiomyocyte were detected by TUNEL assay and Western blotting, and the level of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in plasma was determined 24h after CLP. RESULTS Pretreatment with omega-3 PUFAs attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines, attenuated the SIC, and improved the survival rate of septic mice induced by CLP. CONCLUSIONS ω-3 PUFAs alleviate SIC through attenuating cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which provides a new direction for the prevention and treatment of SIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Sen Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mu-Ming Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang-Long Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Song-Tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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13
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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) for Immunomodulation in COVID-19 Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010304. [PMID: 36615103 PMCID: PMC9820910 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), might be complicated by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) caused by severe lung damage. It is relevant to find treatments for COVID-19-related ARDS. Currently, DHA and EPA n-3 PUFAs, known for their immunomodulatory activities, have been proposed for COVID-19 management, and clinical trials are ongoing. Here, examining COVID-19-related ARDS immunopathology, we reference in vitro and in vivo studies, indicating n-3 PUFA immunomodulation on lung microenvironment (bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, infiltrating immune cells) and ARDS, potentially affecting immune responses in COVID-19-related ARDS. Concerning in vitro studies, evidence exists of the potential anti-inflammatory activity of DHA on airway epithelial cells and monocytes/macrophages; however, it is necessary to analyze n-3 PUFA immunomodulation using viral experimental models relevant to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then, although pre-clinical investigations in experimental acute lung injury/ARDS revealed beneficial immunomodulation by n-3 PUFAs when extracellular pathogen infections were used as lung inflammatory models, contradictory results were reported using intracellular viral infections. Finally, clinical trials investigating n-3 PUFA immunomodulation in ARDS are limited, with small samples and contradictory results. In conclusion, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are needed to establish whether n-3 PUFAs may have some therapeutic potential in COVID-19-related ARDS.
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14
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Ponnampalam EN, Kiani A, Santhiravel S, Holman BWB, Lauridsen C, Dunshea FR. The Importance of Dietary Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress, Meat and Milk Production, and Their Preservative Aspects in Farm Animals: Antioxidant Action, Animal Health, and Product Quality-Invited Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233279. [PMID: 36496798 PMCID: PMC9738477 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of oxidative stress and associated free radicals on farm animal performance, productivity, and product quality may be managed via dietary interventions-specifically, the provision of feeds, supplements, and forages rich in antioxidants. To optimize this approach, it is important first to understand the development of free radicals and their contributions to oxidative stress in tissue systems of farm animals or the human body. The interactions between prooxidants and antioxidants will impact redox homeostasis and, therefore, the well-being of farm animals. The impact of free radical formation on the oxidation of lipids, proteins, DNA, and biologically important macromolecules will likewise impact animal performance, meat and milk quality, nutritional value, and longevity. Dietary antioxidants, endogenous antioxidants, and metal-binding proteins contribute to the 'antioxidant defenses' that control free radical formation within the biological systems. Different bioactive compounds of varying antioxidant potential and bio-accessibility may be sourced from tailored feeding systems. Informed and successful provision of dietary antioxidants can help alleviate oxidative stress. However, knowledge pertaining to farm animals, their unique biological systems, and the applications of novel feeds, specialized forages, bioactive compounds, etc., must be established. This review summarized current research to direct future studies towards more effective controls for free radical formation/oxidative stress in farm animals so that productivity and quality of meat and milk can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Kiani
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad P.O. Box 465, Iran
| | - Sarusha Santhiravel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Benjamin W. B. Holman
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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15
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de Oliveira PHC, Gomes Filho JE, Rodrigues MJDS, da Silva CC, Cardoso CDBM, Cosme daSilva L, Ervolino E, Cintra LTA. Influence of supplement administration of omega-3 on the subcutaneous tissue response of endodontic sealers in Wistar rats. Int Endod J 2022; 55:1026-1041. [PMID: 35791796 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Natural substances such as omega-3 have been used in the medical field due to their numerous properties and, in particular, modulating effect on the systemic and local inflammatory processes. Thus, this study evaluated the influence of omega-3 supplementation on the subcutaneous tissue response of endodontic sealers in Wistar Rats. METHODOLOGY Polyethylene tubes were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of 48 animals (one empty for control and three filled with Sealapex, AH Plus or Endofill). The animals were treated with omega-3 (TO) or water (TW). Treatments started 15 days before implantation until euthanasia. After 5, 15 and 30 days (n = 8), animals were euthanized and polyethylene tubes and surrounding tissue were removed and processed for histological analysis. The inflammatory reaction was analysed by Haematoxylin and Eosin stain and immunolabelling for IL-6 and TNF-α. The collagen maturity was analysed by picrosirius red stain and calcium deposition by von Kossa stain and polarized light. Results were statistically analysed (p < .05). RESULTS Amongst TW sealer groups, Endofill evoked a more intense inflammatory infiltrate compared with AH Plus and control in the 30-day period (p = .009). However, in TO sealer groups, there was no difference amongst the sealers and control in all periods (p > .05). Comparing each sealer as a function of the supplementation with water or omega-3, there are differences for Endofill (p = .001) and Sealapex (p = .005) in the 30-day period, presenting lower inflammatory infiltrate in the animals treated with omega-3. A higher percentage of immature fibres was observed at 15 and 30 days in the TO group, compared with the TW group (p < .05). The deposition of calcium particles was observed only by Sealapex in all periods, despite the supplementation procedure. CONCLUSIONS Omega-3 supplementation influence the tissue reactions of endodontic sealers, modulating inflammation, the immunolabelling of IL-6 and TNF-α, the repair process and it does not interfere with calcium deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Chaves de Oliveira
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes Filho
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Michael Júnio da Silva Rodrigues
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cantiga da Silva
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Carolina da Barros Moraes Cardoso
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Cosme daSilva
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Alagoas Federal University (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Dental Assistance Center for Disabled Persons (CAOE) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
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16
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Adibnia S, Zarei A, Sadeghi AA, Chamani M. Effect of palmitic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids on blood cells count and interleukin-4, 8 genes expression in lambs experimentally infected with foot and mouth disease virus. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:571-578. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Adibnia
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Zarei
- Department of Animal Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chamani
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Assessment of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on COVID-19-Associated Risk Reduction. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2021; 32:50-64. [PMID: 34876760 PMCID: PMC8638948 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pooled evidence conveys the association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and infectious disease. SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped mRNA virus, was also reported to interact with polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present review explores the possible mode of action, immunology, and consequences of these polyunsaturated fatty acids during the viral infection. Polyunsaturated fatty acids control protein complex formation in lipid rafts associated with the function of two SARS-CoV-2 entry gateways: angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and cellular protease transmembrane protease serine-2. Therefore, the viral entry can be mitigated by modulating polyunsaturated fatty acids contents in the body. α-Linolenic acid is the precursor of two clinically important eicosanoids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, the members of ω-3 fats. Resolvins, protectins, and maresins derived from docosahexaenoic acid suppress inflammation and augment phagocytosis that lessens microbial loads. Prostaglandins of 3 series, leukotrienes of 5 series, and thromboxane A3 from eicosapentaenoic acid exhibit anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and platelet anti-aggregatory effects that may also contribute to the control of pre-existing pulmonary and cardiac diseases. In contrast, ω-6 linoleic acid-derived arachidonic acid increases the prostaglandin G2, lipoxins A4 and B4, and thromboxane A2. These cytokines are pro-inflammatory and enhance the immune response but aggravate the COVID-19 severity. Therefore, the rational intake of ω-3-enriched foods or supplements might lessen the complications in COVID-19 and might be a preventive measure. Graphic Abstract
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18
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Jordan PM, Werz O. Specialized pro-resolving mediators: biosynthesis and biological role in bacterial infections. FEBS J 2021; 289:4212-4227. [PMID: 34741578 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation caused by bacterial infections is an essential biological defence mechanism of the host in order to neutralize and clear the invaders and to return to homeostasis. Despite its protective function, inflammation may become persistent and uncontrolled, resulting in chronic diseases and tissue destruction as consequence of the unresolved inflammatory process. Therefore, spatiotemporal induction of endogenous inflammation resolution programs that govern bacterial clearance as well as tissue repair and regeneration, are of major importance in order to enable tissues to restore functions. Lipid mediators that are de-novo biosynthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) mainly by lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases, critically regulate the initiation, the maintenance but also the resolution of infectious inflammation and tissue regeneration. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) generated from omega-3 PUFAs stimulated intensive research in inflammation resolution, especially in infectious inflammation elicited by bacteria. SPMs are immunoresolvents that actively terminate inflammation by limiting neutrophil influx, stimulating phagocytosis, bacterial killing and clearance as well as efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris by macrophages. Moreover, SPMs prevent collateral tissue damage, promote tissue repair and regeneration and lower antibiotic requirement. Here, we review the biosynthesis of SPMs in bacterial infections and cover specific mechanisms of SPMs that govern the resolution of bacteria-initiated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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19
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Mytych JS, Pan Z, Farris AD. Efferocytosis and Anthrax: Implications for Bacterial Sepsis? JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 3:133-139. [PMID: 34708219 PMCID: PMC8547791 DOI: 10.33696/immunology.3.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Mytych
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), 825 NE 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zijian Pan
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), 825 NE 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - A Darise Farris
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), 825 NE 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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20
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Abstract
Nonresolving inflammation, a hallmark of sepsis and/or multi-organ failure, still poses a challenge in medicine. The mortality rate is enormous, and so far no adequate curative therapy is available. Here we identify a previously unrecognized role of the neuronal guidance protein semaphorin 7A in the transition to resolution processes in severe systematic inflammation such as sepsis. Endogenous mediators regulating acute inflammatory responses in both the induction and resolution phases of inflammatory processes are pivotal in host defense and tissue homeostasis. Recent studies have identified neuronal guidance proteins characterized in axonal development that display immunomodulatory functions. Here, we identify the neuroimmune guidance cue Semaphorin 7A (Sema7A), which appears to link macrophage (MΦ) metabolic remodeling to inflammation resolution. Sema7A orchestrated MΦ chemotaxis and chemokinesis, activated MΦ differentiation and polarization toward the proresolving M2 phenotype, and promoted leukocyte clearance. Peritoneal MΦSema7A−/− displayed metabolic reprogramming, characterized by reductions in fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, increases in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, and truncation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which resulted in increased levels of the intermediates succinate and fumarate. The low accumulation of citrate in MΦSema7A−/− correlated with the decreased synthesis of prostaglandins, leading to a reduced impact on lipid-mediator class switching and the generation of specialized pro resolving lipid mediators. Signaling network analysis indicated that Sema7A induced the metabolic reprogramming of MΦ by activating the mTOR- and AKT2-signaling pathways. Administration of Sema7ASL4cd orchestrated the resolution response to tissue homeostasis by shortening the resolution interval, promoting tissue protection in murine peritonitis, and enhancing survival in polymicrobial sepsis.
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21
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Kim B, Guaregua V, Chen X, Zhao C, Yeow W, Berg NK, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Characterization of a Murine Model System to Study MicroRNA-147 During Inflammatory Organ Injury. Inflammation 2021; 44:1426-1440. [PMID: 33566257 PMCID: PMC7873671 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory organ injury and sepsis have profound impacts on the morbidity and mortality of surgical and critical care patients. MicroRNAs are small RNAs composed of 20-25 nucleotides that have a significant contribution to gene regulation. MicroRNA-147 (miR-147), in particular, has been shown to have an emerging role in different physiological functions such as cell cycle regulation and inflammatory responses. However, animal model systems to study tissue-specific functions of miR-147 during inflammatory conditions in vivo are lacking. In the present study, we characterize miR-147 expression in different organs and cell types. Next, we generated a transgenic mouse line with a floxed miR-147 gene. Subsequently, we used this mouse line to generate mice with whole-body deletion of miR-147 (miR-147 -/-) by crossing "floxed" miR-147 mice with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in all tissues (CMVcre mice). Systematic analysis of miR-147 -/- mice demonstrates normal growth, development, and off-spring. In addition, deletion of the target gene in different organs was successful at baseline or during inflammation, including the heart, intestine, stomach, liver, spleen, bone marrow, lungs, kidneys, or stomach. Moreover, miR-147 -/- mice have identical baseline inflammatory gene expression compared to C57BL/6 mice, except elevated IL-6 expression in the spleen (7.5 fold, p < 0.05). Taken together, our data show the successful development of a transgenic animal model for tissue and cell-specific deletion of miR-147 that can be used to study the functional roles of miR-147 during inflammatory organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor Guaregua
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chad Zhao
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wanyi Yeow
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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22
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Berg NK, Li J, Kim B, Mills T, Pei G, Zhao Z, Li X, Zhang X, Ruan W, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent induction of myeloid-derived netrin-1 attenuates natural killer cell infiltration during endotoxin-induced lung injury. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21334. [PMID: 33715200 PMCID: PMC8251729 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002407r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and sepsis‐associated lung inflammation significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of critical illness. Here, we examined the hypothesis that neuronal guidance proteins could orchestrate inflammatory events during endotoxin‐induced lung injury. Through a targeted array, we identified netrin‐1 as the top upregulated neuronal guidance protein in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, we found that netrin‐1 is highly enriched in infiltrating myeloid cells, particularly in macrophages during LPS‐induced lung injury. Transcriptional studies implicate hypoxia‐inducible factor HIF‐1α in the transcriptional induction of netrin‐1 during LPS treatment. Subsequently, the deletion of netrin‐1 in the myeloid compartment (Ntn1loxp/loxp LysM Cre) resulted in exaggerated mortality and lung inflammation. Surprisingly, further studies revealed enhanced natural killer cells (NK cells) infiltration in Ntn1loxp/loxp LysM Cre mice, and neutralization of NK cell chemoattractant chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) reversed the exaggerated lung inflammation. Together, these studies provide functional insight into myeloid cell‐derived netrin‐1 in controlling lung inflammation through the modulation of CCL2‐dependent infiltration of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel K Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tingting Mills
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guangsheng Pei
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Hartling I, Cremonesi A, Osuna E, Lou PH, Lucchinetti E, Zaugg M, Hersberger M. Quantitative profiling of inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in human adolescents and mouse plasma using UHPLC-MS/MS. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:1811-1823. [PMID: 34243224 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lipid mediators are bioactive lipids which help regulate inflammation. We aimed to develop an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method to quantify 58 pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in plasma, determine preliminary reference ranges for adolescents, and investigate how total parenteral nutrition (TPN) containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) or n-6 PUFA based lipid emulsions influence lipid mediator concentrations in plasma. METHODS Lipid mediators were extracted from plasma using SPE and measured using UHPLC-MS/MS. EDTA plasma was collected from healthy adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age to determine preliminary reference ranges and from mice given intravenous TPN for seven days containing either an n-3 PUFA or n-6 PUFA based lipid emulsion. RESULTS We successfully quantified 43 lipid mediators in human plasma with good precision and recovery including several leukotrienes, prostaglandins, resolvins, protectins, maresins, and lipoxins. We found that the addition of methanol to human plasma after blood separation reduces post blood draw increases in 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE), 12S-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (12S-HETrE), 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Compared to the n-6 PUFA based TPN, the n-3 PUFA based TPN increased specialized pro-resolving mediators such as maresin 1 (MaR1), MaR2, protectin D1 (PD1), PDX, and resolvin D5 (RvD5), and decreased inflammatory lipid mediators such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). CONCLUSIONS Our method provides an accurate and sensitive quantification of 58 lipid mediators from plasma samples, which we used to establish a preliminary reference range for lipid mediators in plasma samples of adolescents; and to show that n-3 PUFA, compared to n-6 PUFA rich TPN, leads to a less inflammatory lipid mediator profile in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hartling
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Cremonesi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ester Osuna
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Phing-How Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Michael Zaugg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Martin Hersberger
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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24
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Darwesh AM, Bassiouni W, Sosnowski DK, Seubert JM. Can N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids be considered a potential adjuvant therapy for COVID-19-associated cardiovascular complications? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 219:107703. [PMID: 33031856 PMCID: PMC7534795 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has currently led to a global pandemic with millions of confirmed and increasing cases around the world. The novel SARS-CoV-2 not only affects the lungs causing severe acute respiratory dysfunction but also leads to significant dysfunction in multiple organs and physiological systems including the cardiovascular system. A plethora of studies have shown the viral infection triggers an exaggerated immune response, hypercoagulation and oxidative stress, which contribute significantly to poor cardiovascular outcomes observed in COVID-19 patients. To date, there are no approved vaccines or therapies for COVID-19. Accordingly, cardiovascular protective and supportive therapies are urgent and necessary to the overall prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Accumulating literature has demonstrated the beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) toward the cardiovascular system, which include ameliorating uncontrolled inflammatory reactions, reduced oxidative stress and mitigating coagulopathy. Moreover, it has been demonstrated the n-3 PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are precursors to a group of potent bioactive lipid mediators, generated endogenously, which mediate many of the beneficial effects attributed to their parent compounds. Considering the favorable safety profile for n-3 PUFAs and their metabolites, it is reasonable to consider n-3 PUFAs as potential adjuvant therapies for the clinical management of COVID-19 patients. In this article, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications secondary to COVID-19 and focus on the mechanisms that may contribute to the likely benefits of n-3 PUFAs and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Darwesh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wesam Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Deanna K Sosnowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John M Seubert
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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25
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Bergmann CB, Beckmann N, Salyer CE, Hanschen M, Crisologo PA, Caldwell CC. Potential Targets to Mitigate Trauma- or Sepsis-Induced Immune Suppression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622601. [PMID: 33717127 PMCID: PMC7947256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In sepsis and trauma, pathogens and injured tissue provoke a systemic inflammatory reaction which can lead to overwhelming inflammation. Concurrent with the innate hyperinflammatory response is adaptive immune suppression that can become chronic. A current key issue today is that patients who undergo intensive medical care after sepsis or trauma have a high mortality rate after being discharged. This high mortality is thought to be associated with persistent immunosuppression. Knowledge about the pathophysiology leading to this state remains fragmented. Immunosuppressive cytokines play an essential role in mediating and upholding immunosuppression in these patients. Specifically, the cytokines Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) and Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are reported to have potent immunosuppressive capacities. Here, we review their ability to suppress inflammation, their dynamics in sepsis and trauma and what drives the pathologic release of these cytokines. They do exert paradoxical effects under certain conditions, which makes it necessary to evaluate their functions in the context of dynamic changes post-sepsis and trauma. Several drugs modulating their functions are currently in clinical trials in the treatment of other pathologies. We provide an overview of the current literature on the effects of IL-10, TGF-β and TSLP in sepsis and trauma and suggest therapeutic approaches for their modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Bergmann
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nadine Beckmann
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Christen E Salyer
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Marc Hanschen
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter A Crisologo
- Division of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Charles C Caldwell
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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26
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, García-Montero C, García-Gallego S, Sánchez-Trujillo L, Torres-Carranza D, Álvarez-Mon MÁ, Pekarek L, García-Honduvilla N, Bujan J, Álvarez-Mon M, Asúnsolo Á, De La Torre B. An integrative look at SARS‑CoV‑2 (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:415-434. [PMID: 33416095 PMCID: PMC7797443 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS‑CoV‑2 is a newly discovered member of the betacoronaviruses and the etiological agent of the disease COVID‑19. SARS‑CoV‑2 is responsible for the worldwide pandemic which has been taking place in 2020, and is causing a markedly higher number of infections and deaths compared to previous coronaviruses, such as SARS‑CoV or MERS‑CoV. Based on updated scientific literature, the present review compiles the most relevant knowledge of SARS‑CoV‑2, COVID‑19 and the clinical and typical responses that patients have exhibited against this virus, discussing current and future therapies, and proposing strategies with which to combat the disease and prevent a further global threat. The aggressiveness of SARS‑CoV‑2 arises from its capacity to infect, and spread easily and rapidly through its tight interaction with the human angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 (ACE‑2) receptor. While not all patients respond in a similar manner and may even be asymptomatic, a wide range of manifestations associated with COVID‑19 have been described, particularly in vulnerable population groups, such as the elderly or individuals with other underlying conditions. The proper function of the immune system plays a key role in an individual's favorable response to SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. A hyperactivated response, on the contrary, could account for the more severe cases of COVID‑19, and this may finally lead to respiratory insufficiency and other complications, such as thrombotic or thromboembolic events. The development of novel therapies and vaccines designed to control and regulate a proper immune system response will be key to clinical management, prevention measures and effective population screening to attenuate the transmission of this novel RNA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Tumor Registry, Pathological Anatomy Service, Prince of Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
| | - Sandra García-Gallego
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, 'Andrés M. del Río' Institute of Chemistry (IQAR), University of Alcalá, CIBER-BBN, 28805 Madrid
| | - Lara Sánchez-Trujillo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Tumor Registry, Pathological Anatomy Service, Prince of Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, 28031 Madrid
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Internal Medicine Service, Prince of Asturias University Hospital, CIBEREHD, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Basilio De La Torre
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid, Spain
- Traumatology Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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27
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Hathaway D, Pandav K, Patel M, Riva-Moscoso A, Singh BM, Patel A, Min ZC, Singh-Makkar S, Sana MK, Sanchez-Dopazo R, Desir R, Fahem MMM, Manella S, Rodriguez I, Alvarez A, Abreu R. Omega 3 Fatty Acids and COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review. Infect Chemother 2020; 52:478-495. [PMID: 33377319 PMCID: PMC7779984 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.52.4.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid international spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a global health emergency in 2020. It has affected over 52 million people and led to over 1.29 million deaths worldwide, as of November 13th, 2020. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 present with symptoms ranging from none to severe and include fever, shortness of breath, dry cough, anosmia, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Severe complications are largely due to overdrive of the host immune system leading to "cytokine storm". This results in disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. Due to its highly infectious nature and concerning mortality rate, every effort has been focused on prevention and creating new medications or repurposing old treatment options to ameliorate the suffering of COVID-19 patients including the immune dysregulation. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to be incorporated throughout the body into the bi-phospholipid layer of the cell membrane leading to the production of less pro-inflammatory mediators compared to other fatty acids that are more prevalent in the Western diet. In this article, the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, including their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and possible antiviral effects have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Hathaway
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Krunal Pandav
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Madhusudan Patel
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adrian Riva-Moscoso
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bishnu Mohan Singh
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aayushi Patel
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zar Chi Min
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Muhammad Khawar Sana
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Rockeven Desir
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Susan Manella
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ivan Rodriguez
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alina Alvarez
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rafael Abreu
- Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA
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28
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Soares IP, Oliveira BAC, Baal SCS, Donatti L, Ingberman M, Beirão BCB, Appel MH, Fernandes LC. Fish oil supplementation enhances colon recovery after experimental colitis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 163:102212. [PMID: 33249348 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fish oil (FO) has an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution activity and it has been used to restore physiological disturbances on inflammatory conditions. Here, we investigate whether FO supplementation could, acutely, prevent or restore inflammatory damages on experimental colitis. METHODS Wistar rats orally received 2 g.kg-1.day-1 of FO for 30 days before induction of experimental colitis. Specimens were collected on the 2nd and 7th days after colitis-induction and intestinal mucus, inflammatory activity and colon integrity were determined. RESULTS Experimental colitis did cause colon disruption and FO, acutely, did not prevent the loss of intestinal and fecal mucus, neither the increase of inflammatory activity and intestinal permeability. On the 7th day of colitis, FO soften the perturbations of experimental colitis, increasing histological and fecal mucus and, also decreased inflammatory activity, but this was not accompanied by intestinal permeability. CONCLUSION FO did not protect, acutely, intestinal damages from experimental colitis, but at long run promotes higher intestinal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna A C Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Suelen C S Baal
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lucelia Donatti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Breno C B Beirão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcia H Appel
- Department of Genetics, Structural and Molecular Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Fernandes
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
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29
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DiNicolantonio JJ, O'Keefe J. The Importance of Maintaining a Low Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio for Reducing the Risk of Inflammatory Cytokine Storms. MISSOURI MEDICINE 2020; 117:539-542. [PMID: 33311785 PMCID: PMC7721408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokine storms in the lungs are a potential consequence of RNA viruses. One issue that may increase the risk of developing inflammatory cytokine storms in the lungs during viral infections is an imbalance in the dietary omega-6/3 ratio. Indeed, over the past 100 years the omega-6/3 ratio in the Western world has increased from approximately 4:1 to 20:1. This has increased the production of pro-inflammatory metabolites from omega-6 and reduced the anti-inflammatory metabolites from omega-3s. A high dietary omega-6/3 ratio may promote excessive inflammation, which may be contributing to inflammatory cytokine storms in the lungs during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James O'Keefe
- MSMA member since 2003, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
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30
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Chiang N, Serhan CN. Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: an update on production and actions. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:443-462. [PMID: 32885825 PMCID: PMC7682745 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Today, persistent and uncontrolled inflammation is appreciated to play a pivotal role in many diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome and many other diseases of public health concern (e.g. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and periodontal disease). The ideal response to initial challenge in humans is a self-limited inflammatory response leading to complete resolution. The resolution phase is now widely recognized as a biosynthetically active process, governed by a superfamily of endogenous chemical mediators that stimulate resolution of inflammatory responses, namely specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). Because resolution is the natural ideal response, the SPMs have gained attention. SPMs are mediators that include ω-6 arachidonic acid-derived lipoxins, ω-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived resolvins, protectins and maresins, cysteinyl-SPMs, as well as n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)-derived SPMs. These novel immunoresolvents, their biosynthetic pathways and receptors have proven to promote resolution of inflammation, clearance of microbes, reduce pain and promote tissue regeneration via specific cellular and molecular mechanisms. As of 17 August, 2020, PubMed.gov reported >1170 publications for resolvins, confirming their potent protective actions from many laboratories worldwide. Since this field is rapidly expanding, we provide a short update of advances within 2-3 years from human and preclinical animal studies, together with the structural-functional elucidation of SPMs and identification of novel SPM receptors. These new discoveries indicate that SPMs, their pathways and receptors could provide a basis for new approaches for treating inflammation-associated diseases and for stimulating tissue regeneration via resolution pharmacology and precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chiang
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
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31
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Xia H, Ge Y, Wang F, Ming Y, Wu Z, Wang J, Sun S, Huang S, Chen M, Xiao W, Yao S. Protectin DX ameliorates inflammation in sepsis-induced acute lung injury through mediating PPARγ/NF-κB pathway. Immunol Res 2020; 68:280-288. [PMID: 32845434 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have demonstrated that the newly identified lipid mediator protectin DX (PDX) could effectively attenuate multiple organ injuries in sepsis. The aim of our study was to clarify whether PDX could improve acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis and elucidate the relevant potential mechanism. After inducing sepsis by the cecal ligation and puncture approach, mice were treated with a high or low dose of PDX. Pathological changes in the pulmonary tissue were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and lung injury score was evaluated. Lung permeability and edema were assessed by lung wet/dry ratio, and protein and cellular load of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Inflammatory cytokine levels in BALF were measured by ELISA and the expression of PPARγ in the lung tissue was analyzed by immunoblotting. The results suggested that PDX could diminish the inflammatory response in lung tissue after sepsis by upregulating PPARγ and inhibiting the phosphorylation and activation of NF-κB p65. PDX treatment lowered the levels of pro-inflammation cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1, and the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased in the BALF. It also improved lung permeability and reduced lung injury. Furthermore, the protective effect of PDX on lung tissue could be reversed by GW9662, a specific PPAR-γ antagonist. Taken together, our study indicated that PDX could ameliorate the inflammatory response in ALI by activating the PPARγ/NF-κB pathway in a mouse model of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fuquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Ming
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Zhouyang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingxu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shujun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Weimin Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Giustina AD, de Souza Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Garbossa L, Junior ANO, Cidreira T, Denicol T, Bonfante S, da Rosa N, Fortunato JJ, Palandi J, de Oliveira BH, Martins DF, Bobinski F, Garcez M, Bellettini-Santos T, Budni J, Colpo G, Scaini G, Giridharan VV, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Lipoic Acid and Fish Oil Combination Potentiates Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress Regulation and Prevents Cognitive Decline of Rats After Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4451-4466. [PMID: 32743736 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis causes organ dysfunction due to an infection, and it may impact the central nervous system. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are related to brain dysfunction after sepsis. Both processes affect microglia activation, neurotrophin production, and long-term cognition. Fish oil (FO) is an anti-inflammatory compound, and lipoic acid (LA) is a universal antioxidant substance. They exert neuroprotective roles when administered alone. We aimed at determining the effect of FO+LA combination on microglia activation and brain dysfunction after sepsis. Microglia cells from neonatal pups were co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and FO or LA, alone or combined, for 24 h. Cytokine levels were measured. Wistar rats were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) and treated orally with FO, LA, or FO+LA. At 24 h after surgery, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and total cortex were obtained and assayed for levels of cytokines, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, protein carbonyls, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity. At 10 days after surgery, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were determined and behavioral tests were performed. The combination diminished in vitro levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The combination reduced TNF-α in the cortex, IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex, as well as MPO activity, and decreased protein carbonyls formation in all structures. The combination enhanced catalase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, elevated BDNF levels in all structures, and prevented behavioral impairment. In summary, the combination was effective in preventing cognitive damage by reducing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and increasing BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro Garbossa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Aloir Neri Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Thainá Cidreira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Taís Denicol
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Naiana da Rosa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jucélia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliete Palandi
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Hoffmann de Oliveira
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Michelle Garcez
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Colpo
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Vijayasree V Giridharan
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
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Xia H, Wang F, Wang M, Wang J, Sun S, Chen M, Huang S, Chen X, Yao S. Maresin1 ameliorates acute lung injury induced by sepsis through regulating Th17/Treg balance. Life Sci 2020; 254:117773. [PMID: 32418896 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The disturbance of the immune homeostasis caused by infection is decisive for multiple organ dysfunction caused by sepsis. Both the th17 cell and the regulatory cell(Tregs) are important components of the immune system and play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis. In this study, we explored the effect of Maresin1, an emerging specific pro-inflammatory mediator, on the balance of Th17/Treg in sepsis, and investigated the underlying mechanism. We used the male C57BL/6 mice to establish the model of sepsis-induced lung injury by cecal ligation and puncture to verify the protective effect of Maresin1. Our study showed that Maresin1 could significantly inhibit the excessive inflammatory response and promote the inflammation regression in the process of sepsis-induced acute lung injury, thereby reducing lung damage and improving lung function. These effects were accompanied with the regulation of Maresin1 on the Th17/Treg balance in the early stages of sepsis. We demonstrated that Maresin1 has a certain effect on increasing the number of Treg and decreasing the number of Th17 cells in the early stages of sepsis, which is consistent with its effect on STAT3/RORγt and STAT5/Foxp3 signal pathways. Our study elucidated for the first time the relationship between Maresin1 and Th17/Treg balance in sepsis-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fuquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jingxu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shujun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Yang Y, Zhu Y, Xiao J, Tian Y, Ma M, Li X, Li L, Zhang P, Li M, Wang J, Jin S. Maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration 1 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction through improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:114005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zhang J, Wang M, Ye J, Liu J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Ye D, Zhao M, Wan J. The Anti-inflammatory Mediator Resolvin E1 Protects Mice Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Heart Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:203. [PMID: 32256344 PMCID: PMC7094758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is a common severe complication of sepsis that contributes to mortality. SIC is closely associated with excessive inflammatory responses, failed inflammation resolution, and apoptotic damage. Resolvin E1 (RvE1), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived metabolite, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory or proresolving activity in multiple animal models of inflammatory disease. However, the therapeutic potential of RvE1 in SIC remains undetermined, which was, therefore, the aim of the present study. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and LPS + RvE1. Echocardiography, Western blotting (WB), quantitative real-time (QRT)-PCR, histological analyses, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cardiac function, myocardial inflammation, and the underlying mechanisms. Results The RvE1-injected group showed improved left ventricular (LV) function and reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase myocardial bound (CK-MB) levels. Compared to LPS treatment alone, RvE1 treatment inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages into the heart and spleen and suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, in the heart. We also observed that the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways was blocked by RvE1 treatment, and this inhibition contributed to the improvement in the inflammatory response induced by LPS. RvE1 inhibited LPS-induced M1 macrophage polarization and promoted macrophage polarization toward the M2-like phenotype in both the heart and spleen. In addition, LPS administration dysregulated cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) in the heart, which were rectified by RvE1 treatment. RvE1 also reduced myocardial apoptosis rate in response to LPS-induced heart injury. Conclusion RvE1 protects the heart against SIC possibly through the inhibition of the MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways, modulation of macrophage polarization, and reduction in myocardial apoptosis. RvE1 may be a novel lipid mediator for the treatment of SIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Gudernatsch V, Stefańczyk SA, Mirakaj V. Novel Resolution Mediators of Severe Systemic Inflammation. Immunotargets Ther 2020; 9:31-41. [PMID: 32185148 PMCID: PMC7064289 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s243238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonresolving inflammation, a hallmark of underlying severe inflammatory processes such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure is a major cause of admission to the intensive care unit and high mortality rates. Many survivors develop new functional limitations and health problems, and in cases of sepsis, approximately 40% of patients are rehospitalized within three months. Over the last few decades, better treatment approaches have been adopted. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge underlying the complex pathophysiology of the inflammatory response organized by numerous mediators and the induction of complex networks impede curative therapy. Thus, increasing evidence indicates that resolution of an acute inflammatory response, considered an active process, is the ideal outcome that leads to tissue restoration and organ function. Many mediators have been identified as immunoresolvents, but only a few have been shown to contribute to both the initial and resolution phases of severe systemic inflammation, and these agents might finally substantially impact the therapeutic approach to severe inflammatory processes. In this review, we depict different resolution mediators/immunoresolvents contributing to resolution programmes specifically related to life-threatening severe inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gudernatsch
- Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sylwia Anna Stefańczyk
- Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valbona Mirakaj
- Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection that remains a huge clinical challenge. Recent evidence indicates that bioactive lipid mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids termed specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are promising new candidates for treating critical illness. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight herein the protective actions of SPMs in experimental sepsis, cardiac dysfunction, and also lung and cerebral injury, and discuss their mechanisms of action. We also emphasize that failed resolution responses and dysregulated SPM pathways may provide an explanation for the ongoing chronic inflammation in many diseases including chronic heart failure. SUMMARY Importantly, monitoring plasma SPM profiles can predict patient outcomes in sepsis indicating their utility as new early biomarkers that may help stratify patients upon ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele G Padovan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine
| | - Lucy V Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Zhang P, Yin Y, Wang T, Li W, Li C, Zeng X, Yang W, Zhang R, Tang Y, Shi L, Li R, Tao K. Maresin 1 mitigates concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury in mice by inhibiting ROS-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 147:23-36. [PMID: 31785331 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the most important metabolic and detoxifying organ in the human body, and liver damage can seriously affect bodily function and potentially be life threatening. Accumulating evidence suggests that maresin 1 (MaR1) exhibits protective and anti-inflammatory effects in some diseases, such as pneumonia and colitis; however, its role in acute hepatitis remains unclear. Here, we established a concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver-injury mouse model to determine whether MaR1 administration can attenuate liver damage. Our results indicate that MaR1 confers protective effects against ConA-induced acute liver injury, improves liver function and survival, and reduces histopathological damage. Additionally, MaR1 attenuated the inflammatory response and reduced hepatocyte apoptosis while increasing mouse macrophage apoptosis and markedly decreasing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages. We also found that MaR1 significantly inhibited ConA-induced activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway. This work will contribute to a better understanding of acute liver injury (ALI) and advancement towards its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yuping Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chengguo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiangyu Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenchang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Increased intestinal permeability exacerbates sepsis through reduced hepatic SCD-1 activity and dysregulated iron recycling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 31980623 PMCID: PMC6981269 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with changes in the mucosal barrier, increased intestinal permeability, and increased risk of infections and sepsis, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show how continuous translocation of gut microbial components affects iron homeostasis and facilitates susceptibility to inflammation-associated sepsis. A sub-lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide results in higher mortality in Mucin 2 deficient (Muc2-/-) mice, and is associated with elevated circulatory iron load and increased bacterial translocation. Translocation of gut microbial components attenuates hepatic stearoyl CoA desaturase-1 activity, a key enzyme in hepatic de novo lipogenesis. The resulting reduction of hepatic saturated and unsaturated fatty acid levels compromises plasma membrane fluidity of red blood cells, thereby significantly reducing their life span. Inflammation in Muc2-/- mice alters erythrophagocytosis efficiency of splenic macrophages, resulting in an iron-rich milieu that promotes bacterial growth. Our study thus shows that increased intestinal permeability triggers a cascade of events resulting in increased bacterial growth and risk of sepsis.
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Radzikowska U, Rinaldi AO, Çelebi Sözener Z, Karaguzel D, Wojcik M, Cypryk K, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Sokolowska M. The Influence of Dietary Fatty Acids on Immune Responses. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2990. [PMID: 31817726 PMCID: PMC6950146 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet-derived fatty acids (FAs) are essential sources of energy and fundamental structural components of cells. They also play important roles in the modulation of immune responses in health and disease. Saturated and unsaturated FAs influence the effector and regulatory functions of innate and adaptive immune cells by changing membrane composition and fluidity and by acting through specific receptors. Impaired balance of saturated/unsaturated FAs, as well as n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated FAs has significant consequences on immune system homeostasis, contributing to the development of many allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. In this paper, we discuss up-to-date knowledge and the clinical relevance of the influence of dietary FAs on the biology, homeostasis, and functions of epithelial cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, innate lymphoid cells, T cells and B cells. Additionally, we review the effects of dietary FAs on the pathogenesis of many diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis as well as type 1 and 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Arturo O Rinaldi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Zeynep Çelebi Sözener
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Chest Disease, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ankara University School of Medicine, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Karaguzel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marzena Wojcik
- Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
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41
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Heinonen T, Ciarlo E, Rigoni E, Regina J, Le Roy D, Roger T. Dual Deletion of the Sirtuins SIRT2 and SIRT3 Impacts on Metabolism and Inflammatory Responses of Macrophages and Protects From Endotoxemia. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2713. [PMID: 31849939 PMCID: PMC6901967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and SIRT3 are cytoplasmic and mitochondrial NAD-dependent deacetylases. SIRT2 and SIRT3 target proteins involved in metabolic, proliferation and inflammation pathways and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative, metabolic and oncologic disorders. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects have been attributed to SIRT2 and SIRT3, and single deficiency in SIRT2 or SIRT3 had minor or no impact on antimicrobial innate immune responses. Here, we generated a SIRT2/3 double deficient mouse line to study the interactions between SIRT2 and SIRT3. SIRT2/3−/− mice developed normally and showed subtle alterations of immune cell populations in the bone marrow, thymus, spleen, blood and peritoneal cavity that contained notably more anti-inflammatory B-1a cells and less NK cells. In vitro, SIRT2/3−/− macrophages favored fatty acid oxidation (FAO) over glycolysis and produced increased levels of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In line with metabolic adaptation and increased numbers of peritoneal B-1a cells, SIRT2/3−/− mice were robustly protected from endotoxemia. Yet, SIRT2/3 double deficiency did not modify endotoxin tolerance. Overall, these data suggest that sirtuins can act in concert or compensate each other for certain immune functions, a parameter to be considered for drug development. Moreover, inhibitors targeting multiple sirtuins developed for clinical purposes may be useful to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tytti Heinonen
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Ciarlo
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ersilia Rigoni
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Regina
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Le Roy
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Garić D, De Sanctis JB, Dumut DC, Shah J, Peña MJ, Youssef M, Petrof BJ, Kopriva F, Hanrahan JW, Hajduch M, Radzioch D. Fenretinide favorably affects mucins (MUC5AC/MUC5B) and fatty acid imbalance in a manner mimicking CFTR-induced correction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158538. [PMID: 31678518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disease in Caucasians. CF is manifested by abnormal accumulation of mucus in the lungs, which serves as fertile ground for the growth of microorganisms leading to recurrent infections and ultimately, lung failure. Mucus in CF patients consists of DNA from dead neutrophils as well as mucins produced by goblet cells. MUC5AC mucin leads to pathological plugging of the airways whereas MUC5B has a protective role against bacterial infection. Therefore, decreasing the level of MUC5AC while maintaining MUC5B intact would in principle be a desirable mucoregulatory treatment outcome. Fenretinide prevented the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase of MUC5AC gene expression, without affecting the level of MUC5B, in a lung goblet cell line. Additionally, fenretinide treatment reversed the pro-inflammatory imbalance of fatty acids by increasing docosahexaenoic acid and decreasing the levels of arachidonic acid in a lung epithelial cell line and primary leukocytes derived from CF patients. Furthermore, for the first time we also demonstrate the effect of fenretinide on multiple unsaturated fatty acids, as well as differential effects on the levels of long- compared to very-long-chain saturated fatty acids which are important substrates of complex phospholipids. Finally, we demonstrate that pre-treating mice with fenretinide in a chronic model of P. aeruginosa lung infection efficiently decreases the accumulation of mucus. These findings suggest that fenretinide may offer a new approach to therapeutic modulation of pathological mucus production in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Garić
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juan B De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
| | - Daciana Catalina Dumut
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juhi Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Johanna Peña
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
| | - Mina Youssef
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Basil J Petrof
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francisek Kopriva
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - John W Hanrahan
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Danuta Radzioch
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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43
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Meital LT, Windsor MT, Perissiou M, Schulze K, Magee R, Kuballa A, Golledge J, Bailey TG, Askew CD, Russell FD. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages from patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12978. [PMID: 31506475 PMCID: PMC6736886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49362-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, the latter of which contributes to activation of macrophages, a prominent cell type in AAA. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been reported to limit oxidative stress in animal models of AAA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on antioxidant defence in macrophages from patients with AAA. Cells were obtained from men with small AAA (diameter 3.0–4.5 cm, 75 ± 6 yr, n = 19) and age- matched male controls (72 ± 5 yr, n = 41) and incubated with DHA for 1 h before exposure to 0.1 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. DHA supplementation decreased the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; control, 42.1 ± 13.6 to 5.1 ± 2.1 pg/ml, p < 0.01; AAA, 25.2 ± 9.8 to 1.9 ± 0.9 pg/ml, p < 0.01) and interleukin-6 (IL-6; control, 44.9 ± 7.7 to 5.9 ± 2.0 pg/ml, p < 0.001; AAA, 24.3 ± 5.2 to 0.5 ± 0.3 pg/ml, p < 0.001) in macrophage supernatants. DHA increased glutathione peroxidase activity (control, 3.2 ± 0.3 to 4.1 ± 0.2 nmol/min/ml/μg protein, p = 0.004; AAA, 2.3 ± 0.5 to 3.4 ± 0.5 nmol/min/ml/μg protein, p = 0.008) and heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression (control, 1.5-fold increase, p < 0.001). The improvements in macrophage oxidative stress status serve as a stimulus for further investigation of DHA in patients with AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara T Meital
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology & Physiology, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.,VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | - Mark T Windsor
- VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | - Maria Perissiou
- VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca Magee
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Qld, Australia
| | - Anna Kuballa
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology & Physiology, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Australia
| | - Tom G Bailey
- VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.,Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Christopher D Askew
- VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
| | - Fraser D Russell
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology & Physiology, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia. .,VasoActive Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.
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44
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Serhan CN, de la Rosa X, Jouvene C. Novel mediators and mechanisms in the resolution of infectious inflammation: evidence for vagus regulation. J Intern Med 2019; 286:240-258. [PMID: 30565762 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive chronic inflammation is linked to many diseases and considered a stress factor in humans (Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1999, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2008, 105: 17949, Immunity, 44, 2016, 44: 463, N Engl J Med, 2011, 364: 656). Today, the resolution of inflammation is widely recognized as a cellular biochemically active process involving biosynthesis of a novel superfamily of endogenous chemical signals coined specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs; Nature, 2014, 510:92). Herein, we review recent evidence, indicating a role for the vagus nerve and vagotomy in the regulation of lipid mediators. Vagotomy reduces pro-resolving mediators, including the lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins, delaying resolution in mouse peritonitis. Vagotomy also delays resolution of Escherichia coli infection in mice. Specifically, right vagus regulates peritoneal Group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC-3) number and peritoneal macrophage responses with lipid mediator profile signatures with elevated pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and reduced resolvins, including the novel protective immunoresolvent agonist protectin conjugate in tissue regeneration1 (PCTR1). Acetylcholine upregulates PCTR biosynthesis, and administration of PCTR1 to vagotomized mice restores tissue resolution and host responses to E. coli infections. Results obtained with human vagus ex vivo indicate that vagus can produce both pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, as well as the SPM. Electrical stimulation of human vagus in vitro reduces both prostaglandins and leukotrienes and enhances resolvins and the other SPM. These results elucidate a host protective mechanism mediated by vagus stimulation of SPM that includes resolvins and PCTR1 to regulate myeloid antimicrobial functions and resolution of infection. Moreover, they define a new pro-resolution of inflammation reflex operative in mice and human tissue that involves a vagus SPM circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - X de la Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Jouvene
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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BML-111 accelerates the resolution of inflammation by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways in rats with ventilator-induced lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:289-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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46
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Hansen TV, Vik A, Serhan CN. The Protectin Family of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators: Potent Immunoresolvents Enabling Innovative Approaches to Target Obesity and Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1582. [PMID: 30705632 PMCID: PMC6344435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A western type diet and lifestyle play an important role in the development of chronic diseases, yet little insight into the precise cellular and biomolecular mechanisms has emerged. It is known that an unbalanced diet may result in obesity and diabetes. Sufficient amounts and proper balance of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is key for maintenance of health. The resolution of inflammation is now held to be a biosynthetically actively driven process precisely regulated and controlled by a superfamily of specialized pro-resolving mediators. Specialized pro-resolving mediators are biosynthesized from both omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and are resolution agonists acting on distinct G-coupled protein receptors. These mediators display potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving bioactions with EC50-values in the low nanomolar to picomolar range. The protectin (PD) family of specialized pro-resolving mediators is biosynthesized from the two omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and n–3 docosapentaenoic acid (n–3 DPA). All of the PDs display interesting bioactions as anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving agents. This review covers the bioactions, G-coupled protein receptors pharmacology, biosynthesis, and medicinal chemistry of the PD family of specialized pro-resolving mediators with an emphasis on obesity and anti-diabetic effects. In order to enable drug development and medicinal chemistry efforts against these diseases, stereoselective total organic synthesis of each of these mediators is required for confirmation of structure, stereochemical biosynthesis, and their functions. We provide an overview of our ongoing efforts and the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Vik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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47
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Maresin1 Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction in Septic Mice: A 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Analysis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2309175. [PMID: 30800000 PMCID: PMC6360043 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2309175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Maresin1 (MaR1), a new anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator, has been proven to exert organ-protective effects in septic animal models. However, the potential mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. In this study, we sought to explore the impact of MaR1 on metabolic dysfunction in cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced septic mice. We found that MaR1 significantly increased the overall survival rate and attenuated lung and liver injuries in septic mice. In addition, MaR1 markedly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and alleviated mitochondrial damage. Based on a 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis, CLP-induced septic mice had increased levels of acetate, pyruvate, and lactate in serum and decreased levels of alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and fumarate in lungs. However, these metabolic disorders, mainly involving energy and amino acid metabolism, can be recovered by MaR1 treatment. Therefore, our results suggest that the protective effects of MaR1 on sepsis could be related to the recovery of metabolic dysfunction and the alleviation of inflammation and mitochondrial damage.
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48
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Chakraborty T, Thuer E, Heijink M, Tóth R, Bodai L, Vágvölgyi C, Giera M, Gabaldón T, Gácser A. Eicosanoid biosynthesis influences the virulence of Candida parapsilosis. Virulence 2018; 9:1019-1035. [PMID: 30052120 PMCID: PMC6086292 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2018.1475797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid mediators, derived from arachidonic acid metabolism, play an important role in immune regulation. The functions of bioactive eicosanoids range from modulating cytokine signaling and inflammasome formation to anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving activities. Human pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus have been shown to produce such lipid mediators, associated with their virulence. To date, investigations into the molecular mechanisms of fungal eicosanoid biosynthesis in different species have revealed that several genes are associated with prostaglandin production. However, these routes remain uncharacterized in C. parapsilosis with early results suggesting it uses pathways distinct from those found in C. albicans. Therefore, we aimed to identify and characterize C. parapsilosis genes involved in eicosanoid biosynthesis. Following arachidonic acid treatment of C. parapsilosis cells, we identified several genes interfering with prostaglandin production. Out of the identified genes, homologues of a multi copper oxidase (FET3), an Acyl-CoA thiolase (POT1) and an Acyl-CoA oxidase (POX1-3) were found to play a significant role in prostaglandin synthesis. Furthermore, all three genes were confirmed to enhance C. parapsilosis pathogenicity, as the corresponding deletion mutants were cleared more efficiently by human macrophages and induced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the mutants were less virulent than the wild-type strain in a mouse model of systemic infection. Taken together, we identified three genes that regulate eicosanoid biosynthesis in C. parapsilosis and impact the fungus’ virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernst Thuer
- b Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona , Spain.,c Department of Experimental and Health Sciences , Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Marieke Heijink
- d Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Renáta Tóth
- a Department of Microbiology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - László Bodai
- e Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- a Department of Microbiology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Martin Giera
- d Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- b Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona , Spain.,c Department of Experimental and Health Sciences , Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.,f Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Attila Gácser
- a Department of Microbiology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
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Harbeson D, Francis F, Bao W, Amenyogbe NA, Kollmann TR. Energy Demands of Early Life Drive a Disease Tolerant Phenotype and Dictate Outcome in Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1918. [PMID: 30190719 PMCID: PMC6115499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in newborns. In the face of growing antibiotic resistance, it is crucial to understand the pathology behind the disease in order to develop effective interventions. Neonatal susceptibility to sepsis can no longer be attributed to simple immune immaturity in the face of mounting evidence that the neonatal immune system is tightly regulated and well controlled. The neonatal immune response is consistent with a "disease tolerance" defense strategy (minimizing harm from immunopathology) whereas adults tend toward a "disease resistance" strategy (minimizing harm from pathogens). One major advantage of disease tolerance is that is less energetically demanding than disease resistance, consistent with the energetic limitations of early life. Immune effector cells enacting disease resistance responses switch to aerobic glycolysis upon TLR stimulation and require steady glycolytic flux to maintain the inflammatory phenotype. Rapid and intense upregulation of glucose uptake by immune cells necessitates an increased reliance on fatty acid metabolism to (a) fuel vital tissue function and (b) produce immunoregulatory intermediates which help control the magnitude of inflammation. Increasing disease resistance requires more energy: while adults have fat and protein stores to catabolize, neonates must reallocate resources away from critical growth and development. This understanding of sepsis pathology helps to explain many of the differences between neonatal and adult immune responses. Taking into account the central role of metabolism in the host response to infection and the severe metabolic demands of early life, it emerges that the striking clinical susceptibility to bacterial infection of the newborn is at its core a problem of metabolism. The evidence supporting this novel hypothesis, which has profound implications for interventions, is presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Harbeson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Freddy Francis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Winnie Bao
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nelly A. Amenyogbe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tobias R. Kollmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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