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Zahnert F, Kleinholdermann U, Belke M, Keil B, Menzler K, Pedrosa DJ, Timmermann L, Kircher T, Nenadić I, Knake S. The connectivity-based architecture of the human piriform cortex. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120747. [PMID: 39033790 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The anatomy of the human piriform cortex (PC) is poorly understood. We used a bimodal connectivity-based-parcellation approach to investigate subregions of the PC and its connectional differentiation from the amygdala. One hundred (55 % female) genetically unrelated subjects from the Human Connectome Project were included. A region of interest (ROI) was delineated bilaterally covering PC and amygdala, and functional and structural connectivity of this ROI with the whole gray matter was computed. Spectral clustering was performed to obtain bilateral parcellations at granularities of k = 2-10 clusters and combined bimodal parcellations were computed. Validity of parcellations was assessed via their mean individual-to-group similarity per adjusted rand index (ARI). Individual-to-group similarity was higher than chance in both modalities and in all clustering solutions. The amygdala was clearly distinguished from PC in structural parcellations, and olfactory amygdala was connectionally more similar to amygdala than to PC. At higher granularities, an anterior and ventrotemporal and a posterior frontal cluster emerged within PC, as well as an additional temporal cluster at their boundary. Functional parcellations also showed a frontal piriform cluster, and similar temporal clusters were observed with less consistency. Results from bimodal parcellations were similar to the structural parcellations. Consistent results were obtained in a validation cohort. Distinction of the human PC from the amygdala, including its olfactory subregions, is possible based on its structural connectivity alone. The canonical fronto-temporal boundary within PC was reproduced in both modalities and with consistency. All obtained parcellations are freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zahnert
- Epilepsy Center Hesse, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany.
| | - U Kleinholdermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - M Belke
- Epilepsy Center Hesse, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - B Keil
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - K Menzler
- Epilepsy Center Hesse, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - D J Pedrosa
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - L Timmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - T Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - I Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - S Knake
- Epilepsy Center Hesse, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; Core Facility Brain Imaging, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
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2
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Forni PE, Yu CR. Two decades on: Special issue on olfaction celebrating Axel and Buck's Nobel Prize. Genesis 2024; 62:e23613. [PMID: 39054874 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo E Forni
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - C Ron Yu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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3
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Chen Z, Padmanabhan K. Adult-neurogenesis allows for representational stability and flexibility in early olfactory system. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601573. [PMID: 39005290 PMCID: PMC11244980 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
In the early olfactory system, adult-neurogenesis, a process of neuronal replacement results in the continuous reorganization of synaptic connections and network architecture throughout the animal's life. This poses a critical challenge: How does the olfactory system maintain stable representations of odors and therefore allow for stable sensory perceptions amidst this ongoing circuit instability? Utilizing a detailed spiking network model of early olfactory circuits, we uncovered dual roles for adult-neurogenesis: one that both supports representational stability to faithfully encode odor information and also one that facilitates plasticity to allow for learning and adaptation. In the main olfactory bulb, adult-neurogenesis affects neural codes in individual mitral and tufted cells but preserves odor representations at the neuronal population level. By contrast, in the olfactory piriform cortex, both individual cell responses and overall population dynamics undergo progressive changes due to adult-neurogenesis. This leads to representational drift, a gradual alteration in sensory perception. Both processes are dynamic and depend on experience such that repeated exposure to specific odors reduces the drift due to adult-neurogenesis; thus, when the odor environment is stable over the course of adult-neurogenesis, it is neurogenesis that actually allows the representations to remain stable in piriform cortex; when those olfactory environments change, adult-neurogenesis allows the cortical representations to track environmental change. Whereas perceptual stability and plasticity due to learning are often thought of as two distinct, often contradictory processing in neuronal coding, we find that adult-neurogenesis serves as a shared mechanism for both. In this regard, the quixotic presence of adult-neurogenesis in the mammalian olfactory bulb that has been the focus of considerable debate in chemosensory neuroscience may be the mechanistic underpinning behind an array of complex computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY14627
| | - Krishnan Padmanabhan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
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4
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Fulton KA, Zimmerman D, Samuel A, Vogt K, Datta SR. Common principles for odour coding across vertebrates and invertebrates. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:453-472. [PMID: 38806946 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The olfactory system is an ideal and tractable system for exploring how the brain transforms sensory inputs into behaviour. The basic tasks of any olfactory system include odour detection, discrimination and categorization. The challenge for the olfactory system is to transform the high-dimensional space of olfactory stimuli into the much smaller space of perceived objects and valence that endows odours with meaning. Our current understanding of how neural circuits address this challenge has come primarily from observations of the mechanisms of the brain for processing other sensory modalities, such as vision and hearing, in which optimized deep hierarchical circuits are used to extract sensory features that vary along continuous physical dimensions. The olfactory system, by contrast, contends with an ill-defined, high-dimensional stimulus space and discrete stimuli using a circuit architecture that is shallow and parallelized. Here, we present recent observations in vertebrate and invertebrate systems that relate the statistical structure and state-dependent modulation of olfactory codes to mechanisms of perception and odour-guided behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A Fulton
- Department of Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aravi Samuel
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katrin Vogt
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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5
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Fang S, Luo Z, Wei Z, Qin Y, Zheng J, Zhang H, Jin J, Li J, Miao C, Yang S, Li Y, Liang Z, Yu XD, Zhang XM, Xiong W, Zhu H, Gan WB, Huang L, Li B. Sexually dimorphic control of affective state processing and empathic behaviors. Neuron 2024; 112:1498-1517.e8. [PMID: 38430912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Recognizing the affective states of social counterparts and responding appropriately fosters successful social interactions. However, little is known about how the affective states are expressed and perceived and how they influence social decisions. Here, we show that male and female mice emit distinct olfactory cues after experiencing distress. These cues activate distinct neural circuits in the piriform cortex (PiC) and evoke sexually dimorphic empathic behaviors in observers. Specifically, the PiC → PrL pathway is activated in female observers, inducing a social preference for the distressed counterpart. Conversely, the PiC → MeA pathway is activated in male observers, evoking excessive self-grooming behaviors. These pathways originate from non-overlapping PiC neuron populations with distinct gene expression signatures regulated by transcription factors and sex hormones. Our study unveils how internal states of social counterparts are processed through sexually dimorphic mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, and circuit levels and offers insights into the neural mechanisms underpinning sex differences in higher brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunchang Fang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengyi Luo
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zicheng Wei
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuxin Qin
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jieyan Zheng
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chenjian Miao
- Institute on Aging, Hefei, China and Brain Disorders, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shana Yang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yonglin Li
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zirui Liang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yu
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao Min Zhang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute on Aging, Hefei, China and Brain Disorders, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongying Zhu
- Institute on Aging, Hefei, China and Brain Disorders, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - Lianyan Huang
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Boxing Li
- Neuroscience Program, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510655, China.
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6
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Borghei A, Kelly R, Pearce JJ, Stoub TR, Sani S. Structural Connectivity of the Human Piriform Cortex: an Exploratory Study. Neurosurgery 2024; 94:856-863. [PMID: 37955443 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The piriform cortex (PC) is part of the primary olfactory network in humans. Recent findings suggest that it plays a role in pathophysiology of epilepsy. Therefore, studying its connectivity can further our understanding of seizure propagation in epilepsy. We aimed to explore the structural connectivity of PC using high-quality human connectome project data coupled with segmentation of PC on anatomic MRI. METHODS Twenty subjects were randomly selected from the human connectome project database, and PC was traced on each hemisphere. Probabilistic whole-brain tractography was then used to visualize PC connectivity. RESULTS The strongest connectivity was noted between PC and ipsilateral insula in both hemispheres. Specifically, the posterior long gyrus of each insula was predominantly connected to PC. This was followed by connections between PC and basal ganglia as well as orbital frontal cortices. CONCLUSION The PC has the strongest connectivity with the insula bilaterally. Specifically, the posterior long gyri of insula have the strongest connectivity. This finding may provide additional insight for localizing and treating temporo-insular epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Borghei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Ryan Kelly
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - John J Pearce
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Travis R Stoub
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Sepehr Sani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago , Illinois , USA
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7
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Hirata T. Olfactory information processing viewed through mitral and tufted cell-specific channels. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1382626. [PMID: 38523698 PMCID: PMC10957668 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1382626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parallel processing is a fundamental strategy of sensory coding. Through this processing, unique and distinct features of sensations are computed and projected to the central targets. This review proposes that mitral and tufted cells, which are the second-order projection neurons in the olfactory bulb, contribute to parallel processing within the olfactory system. Based on anatomical and functional evidence, I discuss potential features that could be conveyed through the unique channel formed by these neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsumi Hirata
- Brain Function Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Japan
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8
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Xu P, Peng J, Yuan T, Chen Z, He H, Wu Z, Li T, Li X, Wang L, Gao L, Yan J, Wei W, Li CT, Luo ZG, Chen Y. High-throughput mapping of single-neuron projection and molecular features by retrograde barcoded labeling. eLife 2024; 13:e85419. [PMID: 38390967 PMCID: PMC10914349 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Deciphering patterns of connectivity between neurons in the brain is a critical step toward understanding brain function. Imaging-based neuroanatomical tracing identifies area-to-area or sparse neuron-to-neuron connectivity patterns, but with limited throughput. Barcode-based connectomics maps large numbers of single-neuron projections, but remains a challenge for jointly analyzing single-cell transcriptomics. Here, we established a rAAV2-retro barcode-based multiplexed tracing method that simultaneously characterizes the projectome and transcriptome at the single neuron level. We uncovered dedicated and collateral projection patterns of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) neurons to five downstream targets and found that projection-defined vmPFC neurons are molecularly heterogeneous. We identified transcriptional signatures of projection-specific vmPFC neurons, and verified Pou3f1 as a marker gene enriched in neurons projecting to the lateral hypothalamus, denoting a distinct subset with collateral projections to both dorsomedial striatum and lateral hypothalamus. In summary, we have developed a new multiplexed technique whose paired connectome and gene expression data can help reveal organizational principles that form neural circuits and process information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibo Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jian Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tingli Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Zhaoqin Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Hui He
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Li
- School of Life Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Luyue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiChina
| | - Le Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence TechnologyShanghaiChina
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wu Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiChina
- Lingang LaboratoryShanghaiChina
| | - Chengyu T Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence TechnologyShanghaiChina
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Lingang LaboratoryShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen-Ge Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuejun Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired TechnologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence TechnologyShanghaiChina
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9
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Terral G, Harrell E, Lepousez G, Wards Y, Huang D, Dolique T, Casali G, Nissant A, Lledo PM, Ferreira G, Marsicano G, Roux L. Endogenous cannabinoids in the piriform cortex tune olfactory perception. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1230. [PMID: 38336844 PMCID: PMC10858223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensory perception depends on interactions between external inputs transduced by peripheral sensory organs and internal network dynamics generated by central neuronal circuits. In the sensory cortex, desynchronized network states associate with high signal-to-noise ratio stimulus-evoked responses and heightened perception. Cannabinoid-type-1-receptors (CB1Rs) - which influence network coordination in the hippocampus - are present in anterior piriform cortex (aPC), a sensory paleocortex supporting olfactory perception. Yet, how CB1Rs shape aPC network activity and affect odor perception is unknown. Using pharmacological manipulations coupled with multi-electrode recordings or fiber photometry in the aPC of freely moving male mice, we show that systemic CB1R blockade as well as local drug infusion increases the amplitude of gamma oscillations in aPC, while simultaneously reducing the occurrence of synchronized population events involving aPC excitatory neurons. In animals exposed to odor sources, blockade of CB1Rs reduces correlation among aPC excitatory units and lowers behavioral olfactory detection thresholds. These results suggest that endogenous endocannabinoid signaling promotes synchronized population events and dampen gamma oscillations in the aPC which results in a reduced sensitivity to external sensory inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Terral
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Evan Harrell
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel Lepousez
- Perception and Memory Unit, CNRS, Joint Research Unit 3571, Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Yohan Wards
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dinghuang Huang
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Giulio Casali
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Nissant
- Perception and Memory Unit, CNRS, Joint Research Unit 3571, Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Lledo
- Perception and Memory Unit, CNRS, Joint Research Unit 3571, Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Ferreira
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeurO, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lisa Roux
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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10
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Trejo DH, Ciuparu A, da Silva PG, Velasquez CM, Rebouillat B, Gross MD, Davis MB, Muresan RC, Albeanu DF. Fast updating feedback from piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb relays multimodal reward contingency signals during rule-reversal. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.12.557267. [PMID: 37745564 PMCID: PMC10515864 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
While animals readily adjust their behavior to adapt to relevant changes in the environment, the neural pathways enabling these changes remain largely unknown. Here, using multiphoton imaging, we investigated whether feedback from the piriform cortex to the olfactory bulb supports such behavioral flexibility. To this end, we engaged head-fixed mice in a multimodal rule-reversal task guided by olfactory and auditory cues. Both odor and, surprisingly, the sound cues triggered cortical bulbar feedback responses which preceded the behavioral report. Responses to the same sensory cue were strongly modulated upon changes in stimulus-reward contingency (rule reversals). The re-shaping of individual bouton responses occurred within seconds of the rule-reversal events and was correlated with changes in the behavior. Optogenetic perturbation of cortical feedback within the bulb disrupted the behavioral performance. Our results indicate that the piriform-to-olfactory bulb feedback carries reward contingency signals and is rapidly re-formatted according to changes in the behavioral context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei Ciuparu
- Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Pedro Garcia da Silva
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- current address – Champalimaud Neuroscience Program, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina M. Velasquez
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- current address – University of Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Rebouillat
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- current address –École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Raul C. Muresan
- Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- STAR-UBB Institute, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dinu F. Albeanu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- School for Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
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11
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Shi X, Sun K, Hu Y, Wang Q, Liao G, Li L, Wen P, Wong LE, Jia F, Xu F. The G285S mutation in nsP1 is sufficient to render Sindbis virus as a stable vector for gene delivery. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1229506. [PMID: 37560523 PMCID: PMC10408454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1229506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience, gene therapy, and vaccine have all benefited from the increased use of viral vectors. Sindbis virus (SINV) is a notable candidate among these vectors. However, viral vectors commonly suffer from a loss of expression of the transgene, especially RNA viral vectors. In this study, we used a directed evolution approach by continuous passage of selection to identify adaptive mutations that help SINV to stably express exogenous genes. As a result, we found two adaptive mutations that are located at aa 285 (G to S) of nsP1 and aa 422 (D to G) of nsP2, respectively. Further study showed that G285S was sufficient for SINV to stabilize the expression of the inserted gene, while D422G was not. Combined with AlphaFold2 and sequence alignment with the genus Alphavirus, we found that G285S is conserved. Based on this mutation, we constructed a new vector for the applications in neural circuits mapping. Our results indicated that the mutant SINV maintained its anterograde transsynaptic transmission property. In addition, when the transgene was replaced by another gene, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the vector still showed stable expression of the inserted gene. Hence, using SINV as an example, we have demonstrated an efficient approach to greatly augment the gene delivery capacity of viral vectors, which will be useful to neuroscience and oncolytic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangyixin Sun
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - You Hu
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinghan Wang
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoyang Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengjie Wen
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leo E. Wong
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Jia
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ahmed M, Rajagopalan AE, Pan Y, Li Y, Williams DL, Pedersen EA, Thakral M, Previero A, Close KC, Christoforou CP, Cai D, Turner GC, Clowney EJ. Input density tunes Kenyon cell sensory responses in the Drosophila mushroom body. Curr Biol 2023; 33:2742-2760.e12. [PMID: 37348501 PMCID: PMC10529417 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The ability to discriminate sensory stimuli with overlapping features is thought to arise in brain structures called expansion layers, where neurons carrying information about sensory features make combinatorial connections onto a much larger set of cells. For 50 years, expansion coding has been a prime topic of theoretical neuroscience, which seeks to explain how quantitative parameters of the expansion circuit influence sensory sensitivity, discrimination, and generalization. Here, we investigate the developmental events that produce the quantitative parameters of the arthropod expansion layer, called the mushroom body. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we employ genetic and chemical tools to engineer changes to circuit development. These allow us to produce living animals with hypothesis-driven variations on natural expansion layer wiring parameters. We then test the functional and behavioral consequences. By altering the number of expansion layer neurons (Kenyon cells) and their dendritic complexity, we find that input density, but not cell number, tunes neuronal odor selectivity. Simple odor discrimination behavior is maintained when the Kenyon cell number is reduced and augmented by Kenyon cell number expansion. Animals with increased input density to each Kenyon cell show increased overlap in Kenyon cell odor responses and become worse at odor discrimination tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ahmed
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adithya E Rajagopalan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yijie Pan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Donnell L Williams
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Erik A Pedersen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Manav Thakral
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Angelica Previero
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kari C Close
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | | | - Dawen Cai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; Biophysics LS&A, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Neuroscience Institute Affiliate, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Glenn C Turner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - E Josephine Clowney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Neuroscience Institute Affiliate, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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13
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Venegas JP, Navarrete M, Orellana-Garcia L, Rojas M, Avello-Duarte F, Nunez-Parra A. Basal Forebrain Modulation of Olfactory Coding In Vivo. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2023; 16:62-86. [PMID: 38106956 PMCID: PMC10723750 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.6486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory perception is one of the most fundamental brain functions, allowing individuals to properly interact and adapt to a constantly changing environment. This process requires the integration of bottom-up and topdown neuronal activity, which is centrally mediated by the basal forebrain, a brain region that has been linked to a series of cognitive processes such as attention and alertness. Here, we review the latest research using optogenetic approaches in rodents and in vivo electrophysiological recordings that are shedding light on the role of this region, in regulating olfactory processing and decisionmaking. Moreover, we summarize evidence highlighting the anatomical and physiological differences in the basal forebrain of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, which could underpin the sensory perception abnormalities they exhibit, and propose this research line as a potential opportunity to understand the neurobiological basis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Venegas
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Marcela Navarrete
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Laura Orellana-Garcia
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Marcelo Rojas
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Felipe Avello-Duarte
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Alexia Nunez-Parra
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
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14
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Diaz C, Franks KM, Blazing RM. Neuroscience: Seq-ing maps in the olfactory cortex. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R266-R269. [PMID: 37040708 PMCID: PMC10644302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Many cortical brain regions are spatially organized to optimize sensory representation. Such topographic maps have so far been elusive in the olfactory cortex. A high-throughput tracing study reveals that the neural circuits connecting olfactory regions are indeed topographically organized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Diaz
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Kevin M Franks
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Robin M Blazing
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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15
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Ahmed M, Rajagopalan AE, Pan Y, Li Y, Williams DL, Pedersen EA, Thakral M, Previero A, Close KC, Christoforou CP, Cai D, Turner GC, Clowney EJ. Hacking brain development to test models of sensory coding. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.25.525425. [PMID: 36747712 PMCID: PMC9900841 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.25.525425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Animals can discriminate myriad sensory stimuli but can also generalize from learned experience. You can probably distinguish the favorite teas of your colleagues while still recognizing that all tea pales in comparison to coffee. Tradeoffs between detection, discrimination, and generalization are inherent at every layer of sensory processing. During development, specific quantitative parameters are wired into perceptual circuits and set the playing field on which plasticity mechanisms play out. A primary goal of systems neuroscience is to understand how material properties of a circuit define the logical operations-computations--that it makes, and what good these computations are for survival. A cardinal method in biology-and the mechanism of evolution--is to change a unit or variable within a system and ask how this affects organismal function. Here, we make use of our knowledge of developmental wiring mechanisms to modify hard-wired circuit parameters in the Drosophila melanogaster mushroom body and assess the functional and behavioral consequences. By altering the number of expansion layer neurons (Kenyon cells) and their dendritic complexity, we find that input number, but not cell number, tunes odor selectivity. Simple odor discrimination performance is maintained when Kenyon cell number is reduced and augmented by Kenyon cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ahmed
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adithya E. Rajagopalan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yijie Pan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Donnell L. Williams
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Erik A. Pedersen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Manav Thakral
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Angelica Previero
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kari C. Close
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | | | - Dawen Cai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Biophysics LS&A, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute Affiliate
| | - Glenn C. Turner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - E. Josephine Clowney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute Affiliate
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16
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Chae H, Banerjee A, Dussauze M, Albeanu DF. Long-range functional loops in the mouse olfactory system and their roles in computing odor identity. Neuron 2022; 110:3970-3985.e7. [PMID: 36174573 PMCID: PMC9742324 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the neural circuits supporting odor identification remains an open challenge. Here, we analyze the contribution of the two output cell types of the mouse olfactory bulb (mitral and tufted cells) to decode odor identity and concentration and its dependence on top-down feedback from their respective major cortical targets: piriform cortex versus anterior olfactory nucleus. We find that tufted cells substantially outperform mitral cells in decoding both odor identity and intensity. Cortical feedback selectively regulates the activity of its dominant bulb projection cell type and implements different computations. Piriform feedback specifically restructures mitral responses, whereas feedback from the anterior olfactory nucleus preferentially controls the gain of tufted representations without altering their odor tuning. Our results identify distinct functional loops involving the mitral and tufted cells and their cortical targets. We suggest that in addition to the canonical mitral-to-piriform pathway, tufted cells and their target regions are ideally positioned to compute odor identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggoo Chae
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Arkarup Banerjee
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School for Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Marie Dussauze
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School for Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Dinu F Albeanu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School for Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
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17
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Chen Y, Chen X, Baserdem B, Zhan H, Li Y, Davis MB, Kebschull JM, Zador AM, Koulakov AA, Albeanu DF. High-throughput sequencing of single neuron projections reveals spatial organization in the olfactory cortex. Cell 2022; 185:4117-4134.e28. [PMID: 36306734 PMCID: PMC9681627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In most sensory modalities, neuronal connectivity reflects behaviorally relevant stimulus features, such as spatial location, orientation, and sound frequency. By contrast, the prevailing view in the olfactory cortex, based on the reconstruction of dozens of neurons, is that connectivity is random. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing-based neuroanatomical techniques to analyze the projections of 5,309 mouse olfactory bulb and 30,433 piriform cortex output neurons at single-cell resolution. Surprisingly, statistical analysis of this much larger dataset revealed that the olfactory cortex connectivity is spatially structured. Single olfactory bulb neurons targeting a particular location along the anterior-posterior axis of piriform cortex also project to matched, functionally distinct, extra-piriform targets. Moreover, single neurons from the targeted piriform locus also project to the same matched extra-piriform targets, forming triadic circuit motifs. Thus, as in other sensory modalities, olfactory information is routed at early stages of processing to functionally diverse targets in a coordinated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Chen
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Xiaoyin Chen
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | | | - Huiqing Zhan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Martin B Davis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | | | - Anthony M Zador
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | | | - Dinu F Albeanu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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18
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Bhattarai JP, Etyemez S, Jaaro-Peled H, Janke E, Leon Tolosa UD, Kamiya A, Gottfried JA, Sawa A, Ma M. Olfactory modulation of the medial prefrontal cortex circuitry: Implications for social cognition. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 129:31-39. [PMID: 33975755 PMCID: PMC8573060 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is manifested in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric diseases, and often emerges prior to the onset of more classical symptoms and signs. From a behavioral perspective, olfactory deficits typically arise in conjunction with impairments of cognition, motivation, memory, and emotion. However, a conceptual framework for explaining the impact of olfactory processing on higher brain functions in health and disease remains lacking. Here we aim to provide circuit-level insights into this question by synthesizing recent advances in olfactory network connectivity with other cortical brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex. We will focus on social cognition as a representative model for exploring and critically evaluating the relationship between olfactory cortices and higher-order cortical regions in rodent models. Although rodents do not recapitulate all dimensions of human social cognition, they have experimentally accessible neural circuits and well-established behavioral tests for social motivation, memory/recognition, and hierarchy, which can be extrapolated to other species including humans. In particular, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been recognized as a key brain region in mediating social cognition in both rodents and humans. This review will highlight the underappreciated connectivity, both anatomical and functional, between the olfactory system and mPFC circuitry, which together provide a neural substrate for olfactory modulation of social cognition and social behaviors. We will provide future perspectives on the functional investigation of the olfactory-mPFC circuit in rodent models and discuss how to translate such animal research to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhan P Bhattarai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Semra Etyemez
- Department of Psychiatry, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hanna Jaaro-Peled
- Department of Psychiatry, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Emma Janke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Usuy D Leon Tolosa
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jay A Gottfried
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Biomedical Engineering, and Genetic Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Minghong Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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19
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Bosch C, Ackels T, Pacureanu A, Zhang Y, Peddie CJ, Berning M, Rzepka N, Zdora MC, Whiteley I, Storm M, Bonnin A, Rau C, Margrie T, Collinson L, Schaefer AT. Functional and multiscale 3D structural investigation of brain tissue through correlative in vivo physiology, synchrotron microtomography and volume electron microscopy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2923. [PMID: 35614048 PMCID: PMC9132960 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of biological tissues requires a coordinated study of physiology and structure, exploring volumes that contain complete functional units at a detail that resolves the relevant features. Here, we introduce an approach to address this challenge: Mouse brain tissue sections containing a region where function was recorded using in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging were stained, dehydrated, resin-embedded and imaged with synchrotron X-ray computed tomography with propagation-based phase contrast (SXRT). SXRT provided context at subcellular detail, and could be followed by targeted acquisition of multiple volumes using serial block-face electron microscopy (SBEM). In the olfactory bulb, combining SXRT and SBEM enabled disambiguation of in vivo-assigned regions of interest. In the hippocampus, we found that superficial pyramidal neurons in CA1a displayed a larger density of spine apparati than deeper ones. Altogether, this approach can enable a functional and structural investigation of subcellular features in the context of cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Bosch
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Tobias Ackels
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Pacureanu
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College, London, UK
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College, London, UK
| | | | - Manuel Berning
- Department of Connectomics, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Scalable minds GmbH, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Marie-Christine Zdora
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, UK
| | - Isabell Whiteley
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College, London, UK
| | - Malte Storm
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Anne Bonnin
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Rau
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Troy Margrie
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Collinson
- Electron Microscopy STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Andreas T Schaefer
- Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Lab., The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College, London, UK.
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20
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Endo K, Kazama H. Central organization of a high-dimensional odor space. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 73:102528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Chen Z, Padmanabhan K. Top-down feedback enables flexible coding strategies in the olfactory cortex. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110545. [PMID: 35320723 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In chemical sensation, multiple models have been proposed to explain how odors are represented in the olfactory cortex. One hypothesis is that the combinatorial identity of active neurons within sniff-related time windows is critical, whereas another model proposes that it is the temporal structure of neural activity that is essential for encoding odor information. We find that top-down feedback to the main olfactory bulb dictates the information transmitted to the piriform cortex and switches between these coding strategies. Using a detailed network model, we demonstrate that feedback control of inhibition influences the excitation-inhibition balance in mitral cells, restructuring the dynamics of piriform cortical cells. This results in performance improvement in odor discrimination tasks. These findings present a framework for early olfactory computation, where top-down feedback to the bulb flexibly shapes the temporal structure of neural activity in the piriform cortex, allowing the early olfactory system to dynamically switch between two distinct coding models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Krishnan Padmanabhan
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Center for Visual Sciences, Intellectual and Developmental Disability Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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22
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Wang D, Wu J, Liu P, Li X, Li J, He M, Li A. VIP interneurons regulate olfactory bulb output and contribute to odor detection and discrimination. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110383. [PMID: 35172159 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the olfactory bulb (OB), olfactory information represented by mitral/tufted cells (M/Ts) is extensively modulated by local inhibitory interneurons before being transmitted to the olfactory cortex. While the crucial roles of cortical vasoactive-intestinal-peptide-expressing (VIP) interneurons have been extensively studied, their precise function in the OB remains elusive. Here, we identify the synaptic connectivity of VIP interneurons onto mitral cells (MCs) and demonstrate their important role in olfactory behaviors. Optogenetic activation of VIP interneurons reduced both spontaneous and odor-evoked activity of M/Ts in awake mice. Whole-cell recordings revealed that VIP interneurons decrease MC firing through direct inhibitory synaptic connections with MCs. Furthermore, inactivation of VIP interneurons leads to increased MC firing and impaired olfactory detection and odor discrimination. Therefore, our results demonstrate that VIP interneurons control OB output and play critical roles in odor processing and olfactory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Penglai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Anan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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23
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MacIver MA, Finlay BL. The neuroecology of the water-to-land transition and the evolution of the vertebrate brain. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20200523. [PMID: 34957852 PMCID: PMC8710882 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The water-to-land transition in vertebrate evolution offers an unusual opportunity to consider computational affordances of a new ecology for the brain. All sensory modalities are changed, particularly a greatly enlarged visual sensorium owing to air versus water as a medium, and expanded by mobile eyes and neck. The multiplication of limbs, as evolved to exploit aspects of life on land, is a comparable computational challenge. As the total mass of living organisms on land is a hundredfold larger than the mass underwater, computational improvements promise great rewards. In water, the midbrain tectum coordinates approach/avoid decisions, contextualized by water flow and by the animal's body state and learning. On land, the relative motions of sensory surfaces and effectors must be resolved, adding on computational architectures from the dorsal pallium, such as the parietal cortex. For the large-brained and long-living denizens of land, making the right decision when the wrong one means death may be the basis of planning, which allows animals to learn from hypothetical experience before enactment. Integration of value-weighted, memorized panoramas in basal ganglia/frontal cortex circuitry, with allocentric cognitive maps of the hippocampus and its associated cortices becomes a cognitive habit-to-plan transition as substantial as the change in ecology. This article is part of the theme issue 'Systems neuroscience through the lens of evolutionary theory'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm A. MacIver
- Center for Robotics and Biosystems, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Barbara L. Finlay
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral and Evolutionary Neuroscience Group, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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24
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Dubrovskaya NM, Vasilev DS, Tumanova NL, Alekseeva OS, Nalivaeva NN. Prenatal Hypoxia Impairs Olfactory Function in Postnatal Ontogeny in Rats. NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 52:262-270. [PMID: 35317268 PMCID: PMC8930458 DOI: 10.1007/s11055-022-01233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Dubrovskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D. S. Vasilev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N. L. Tumanova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O. S. Alekseeva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N. N. Nalivaeva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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25
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Qu L, Li Y, Xie P, Liu L, Wang Y, Wu J, Liu Y, Wang T, Li L, Guo K, Wan W, Ouyang L, Xiong F, Kolstad AC, Wu Z, Xu F, Zheng Y, Gong H, Luo Q, Bi G, Dong H, Hawrylycz M, Zeng H, Peng H. Cross-modal coherent registration of whole mouse brains. Nat Methods 2022; 19:111-118. [PMID: 34887551 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01334-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent whole-brain mapping projects are collecting large-scale three-dimensional images using modalities such as serial two-photon tomography, fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography, light-sheet fluorescence microscopy, volumetric imaging with synchronous on-the-fly scan and readout or magnetic resonance imaging. Registration of these multi-dimensional whole-brain images onto a standard atlas is essential for characterizing neuron types and constructing brain wiring diagrams. However, cross-modal image registration is challenging due to intrinsic variations of brain anatomy and artifacts resulting from different sample preparation methods and imaging modalities. We introduce a cross-modal registration method, mBrainAligner, which uses coherent landmark mapping and deep neural networks to align whole mouse brain images to the standard Allen Common Coordinate Framework atlas. We build a brain atlas for the fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography modality to facilitate single-cell mapping, and used our method to generate a whole-brain map of three-dimensional single-neuron morphology and neuron cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Longfei Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Kaixuan Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Wan Wan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation & Signal Processing, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anna C Kolstad
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guoqiang Bi
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Integrative Imaging, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hongwei Dong
- Center for Integrative Connectomics, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hanchuan Peng
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
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26
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Ziegler-Waldkirch S, Friesen M, Loreth D, Sauer JF, Kemna S, Hilse A, Erny D, Helm C, d´Errico P, Prinz M, Bartos M, Meyer-Luehmann M. Seed-induced Aβ deposition alters neuronal function and impairs olfaction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4274-4284. [PMID: 35869271 PMCID: PMC9718674 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) which ultimately forms plaques. These Aβ deposits can be induced in APP transgenic mouse models by prion-like seeding. It has been widely accepted that anosmia and hyposmia occur during the early stages of AD, even before cognitive deficits are present. In order to determine the impact of seed-induced Aβ deposits on olfaction, we performed intracerebral injections of seed-competent brain homogenate into the olfactory bulb of young pre-depositing APP transgenic mice. Remarkably, we observed a dramatic olfactory impairment in those mice. Furthermore, the number of newborn neurons as well as the activity of cells in the mitral cell layer was decreased. Notably, exposure to an enriched environment reduced Aβ seeding, vivified neurogenesis and most importantly reversed olfactory deficits. Based on our findings, we conclude that altered neuronal function as a result of induced Aβ pathology might contribute to olfactory dysfunction in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ziegler-Waldkirch
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Friesen
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Desirée Loreth
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas-Frederic Sauer
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Institute for Physiology I, Systemic and Cellular Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Solveig Kemna
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hilse
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Erny
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christina Helm
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paolo d´Errico
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Bartos
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Institute for Physiology I, Systemic and Cellular Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Meyer-Luehmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany. .,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
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27
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Sullivan AE, Tappan SJ, Angstman PJ, Rodriguez A, Thomas GC, Hoppes DM, Abdul-Karim MA, Heal ML, Glaser JR. A Comprehensive, FAIR File Format for Neuroanatomical Structure Modeling. Neuroinformatics 2022; 20:221-240. [PMID: 34601704 PMCID: PMC8975944 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-021-09530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
With advances in microscopy and computer science, the technique of digitally reconstructing, modeling, and quantifying microscopic anatomies has become central to many fields of biological research. MBF Bioscience has chosen to openly document their digital reconstruction file format, the Neuromorphological File Specification, available at www.mbfbioscience.com/filespecification (Angstman et al., 2020). The format, created and maintained by MBF Bioscience, is broadly utilized by the neuroscience community. The data format's structure and capabilities have evolved since its inception, with modifications made to keep pace with advancements in microscopy and the scientific questions raised by worldwide experts in the field. More recent modifications to the neuromorphological file format ensure it abides by the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) data principles promoted by the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF; Wilkinson et al., Scientific Data, 3, 160018,, 2016). The incorporated metadata make it easy to identify and repurpose these data types for downstream applications and investigation. This publication describes key elements of the file format and details their relevant structural advantages in an effort to encourage the reuse of these rich data files for alternative analysis or reproduction of derived conclusions.
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28
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Samuelsen CL, Vincis R. Cortical Hub for Flavor Sensation in Rodents. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:772286. [PMID: 34867223 PMCID: PMC8636119 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.772286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The experience of eating is inherently multimodal, combining intraoral gustatory, olfactory, and somatosensory signals into a single percept called flavor. As foods and beverages enter the mouth, movements associated with chewing and swallowing activate somatosensory receptors in the oral cavity, dissolve tastants in the saliva to activate taste receptors, and release volatile odorant molecules to retronasally activate olfactory receptors in the nasal epithelium. Human studies indicate that sensory cortical areas are important for intraoral multimodal processing, yet their circuit-level mechanisms remain unclear. Animal models allow for detailed analyses of neural circuits due to the large number of molecular tools available for tracing and neuronal manipulations. In this review, we concentrate on the anatomical and neurophysiological evidence from rodent models toward a better understanding of the circuit-level mechanisms underlying the cortical processing of flavor. While more work is needed, the emerging view pertaining to the multimodal processing of food and beverages is that the piriform, gustatory, and somatosensory cortical regions do not function solely as independent areas. Rather they act as an intraoral cortical hub, simultaneously receiving and processing multimodal sensory information from the mouth to produce the rich and complex flavor experience that guides consummatory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad L Samuelsen
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Roberto Vincis
- Department of Biological Science and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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29
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Chen H, Huang T, Yang Y, Yao X, Huo Y, Wang Y, Zhao W, Ji R, Yang H, Guo ZV. Sparse imaging and reconstruction tomography for high-speed high-resolution whole-brain imaging. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100089. [PMID: 35474896 PMCID: PMC9017159 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding brain functions requires detailed knowledge of long-range connectivity through which different areas communicate. A key step toward illuminating the long-range structures is to image the whole brain at synaptic resolution to trace axonal arbors of individual neurons to their termini. However, high-resolution brain-wide imaging requires continuous imaging for many days to sample over 10 trillion voxels, even in the mouse brain. Here, we have developed a sparse imaging and reconstruction tomography (SMART) system that allows brain-wide imaging of cortical projection neurons at synaptic resolution in about 20 h, an order of magnitude faster than previous methods. Analyses of morphological features reveal that single cortical neurons show remarkable diversity in local and long-range projections, with prefrontal, premotor, and visual neurons having distinct distribution of dendritic and axonal features. The fast imaging system and diverse projection patterns of individual neurons highlight the importance of high-resolution brain-wide imaging in revealing full neuronal morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuexin Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Huo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Runan Ji
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zengcai V. Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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30
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Peng H, Xie P, Liu L, Kuang X, Wang Y, Qu L, Gong H, Jiang S, Li A, Ruan Z, Ding L, Yao Z, Chen C, Chen M, Daigle TL, Dalley R, Ding Z, Duan Y, Feiner A, He P, Hill C, Hirokawa KE, Hong G, Huang L, Kebede S, Kuo HC, Larsen R, Lesnar P, Li L, Li Q, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Liu A, Lu D, Mok S, Ng L, Nguyen TN, Ouyang Q, Pan J, Shen E, Song Y, Sunkin SM, Tasic B, Veldman MB, Wakeman W, Wan W, Wang P, Wang Q, Wang T, Wang Y, Xiong F, Xiong W, Xu W, Ye M, Yin L, Yu Y, Yuan J, Yuan J, Yun Z, Zeng S, Zhang S, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhou Z, Huang ZJ, Esposito L, Hawrylycz MJ, Sorensen SA, Yang XW, Zheng Y, Gu Z, Xie W, Koch C, Luo Q, Harris JA, Wang Y, Zeng H. Morphological diversity of single neurons in molecularly defined cell types. Nature 2021; 598:174-181. [PMID: 34616072 PMCID: PMC8494643 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic and axonal morphology reflects the input and output of neurons and is a defining feature of neuronal types1,2, yet our knowledge of its diversity remains limited. Here, to systematically examine complete single-neuron morphologies on a brain-wide scale, we established a pipeline encompassing sparse labelling, whole-brain imaging, reconstruction, registration and analysis. We fully reconstructed 1,741 neurons from cortex, claustrum, thalamus, striatum and other brain regions in mice. We identified 11 major projection neuron types with distinct morphological features and corresponding transcriptomic identities. Extensive projectional diversity was found within each of these major types, on the basis of which some types were clustered into more refined subtypes. This diversity follows a set of generalizable principles that govern long-range axonal projections at different levels, including molecular correspondence, divergent or convergent projection, axon termination pattern, regional specificity, topography, and individual cell variability. Although clear concordance with transcriptomic profiles is evident at the level of major projection type, fine-grained morphological diversity often does not readily correlate with transcriptomic subtypes derived from unsupervised clustering, highlighting the need for single-cell cross-modality studies. Overall, our study demonstrates the crucial need for quantitative description of complete single-cell anatomy in cell-type classification, as single-cell morphological diversity reveals a plethora of ways in which different cell types and their individual members may contribute to the configuration and function of their respective circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchuan Peng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuli Kuang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Qu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengdian Jiang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Zongcai Ruan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liya Ding
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengya Chen
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Zhangcan Ding
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanjun Duan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aaron Feiner
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ping He
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chris Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karla E Hirokawa
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guodong Hong
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sara Kebede
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Phil Lesnar
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Longfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - An Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thuc Nghi Nguyen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qiang Ouyang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintao Pan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Elise Shen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Matthew B Veldman
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Wan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanxin Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Min Ye
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lulu Yin
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jia Yuan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhixi Yun
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoqun Zeng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sujun Zhao
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijun Zhao
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Z Josh Huang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Zhongze Gu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Julie A Harris
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
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31
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Tavoni G, Kersen DEC, Balasubramanian V. Cortical feedback and gating in odor discrimination and generalization. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009479. [PMID: 34634035 PMCID: PMC8530364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A central question in neuroscience is how context changes perception. In the olfactory system, for example, experiments show that task demands can drive divergence and convergence of cortical odor responses, likely underpinning olfactory discrimination and generalization. Here, we propose a simple statistical mechanism for this effect based on unstructured feedback from the central brain to the olfactory bulb, which represents the context associated with an odor, and sufficiently selective cortical gating of sensory inputs. Strikingly, the model predicts that both convergence and divergence of cortical odor patterns should increase when odors are initially more similar, an effect reported in recent experiments. The theory in turn predicts reversals of these trends following experimental manipulations and in neurological conditions that increase cortical excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Tavoni
- Computational Neuroscience Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David E. Chen Kersen
- Computational Neuroscience Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vijay Balasubramanian
- Computational Neuroscience Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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32
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Comparing Automated Morphology Quantification Software on Dendrites of Uninjured and Injured Drosophila Neurons. Neuroinformatics 2021; 19:703-717. [PMID: 34342808 PMCID: PMC8566419 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-021-09532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Dendrites shape inputs and integration of depolarization that controls neuronal activity in the nervous system. Neuron pathologies can damage dendrite architecture and cause abnormalities in morphologies after injury. Dendrite regeneration can be quantified by various parameters, including total dendrite length and number of dendrite branches using manual or automated image analysis approaches. However, manual quantification is tedious and time consuming and automated approaches are often trained using wildtype neurons, making them poorly suited for analysis of genetically manipulated or injured dendrite arbors. In this study, we tested how well automated image analysis software performed on class IV Drosophila neurons, which have several hundred individual dendrite branches. We applied each software to automatically quantify features of uninjured neurons and neurons that regenerated new dendrites after injury. Regenerated arbors exhibit defects across multiple features of dendrite morphology, which makes them challenging for automated pipelines to analyze. We compared the performances of three automated pipelines against manual quantification using Simple Neurite Tracer in ImageJ: one that is commercially available (Imaris) and two developed by independent research groups (DeTerm and Tireless Tracing Genie). Out of the three software tested, we determined that Imaris is the most efficient at reconstructing dendrite architecture, but does not accurately measure total dendrite length even after intensive manual editing. Imaris outperforms both DeTerm and Tireless Tracing Genie for counting dendrite branches, and is better able to recreate previous conclusions from this same dataset. This thorough comparison of strengths and weaknesses of each software demonstrates their utility for analyzing regenerated neuron phenotypes in future studies.
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33
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Abstract
Olfaction is fundamentally distinct from other sensory modalities. Natural odor stimuli are complex mixtures of volatile chemicals that interact in the nose with a receptor array that, in rodents, is built from more than 1,000 unique receptors. These interactions dictate a peripheral olfactory code, which in the brain is transformed and reformatted as it is broadcast across a set of highly interconnected olfactory regions. Here we discuss the problems of characterizing peripheral population codes for olfactory stimuli, of inferring the specific functions of different higher olfactory areas given their extensive recurrence, and of ultimately understanding how odor representations are linked to perception and action. We argue that, despite the differences between olfaction and other sensory modalities, addressing these specific questions will reveal general principles underlying brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Brann
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
| | - Sandeep Robert Datta
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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34
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Zeppilli S, Ackels T, Attey R, Klimpert N, Ritola KD, Boeing S, Crombach A, Schaefer AT, Fleischmann A. Molecular characterization of projection neuron subtypes in the mouse olfactory bulb. eLife 2021; 10:e65445. [PMID: 34292150 PMCID: PMC8352594 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Projection neurons (PNs) in the mammalian olfactory bulb (OB) receive input from the nose and project to diverse cortical and subcortical areas. Morphological and physiological studies have highlighted functional heterogeneity, yet no molecular markers have been described that delineate PN subtypes. Here, we used viral injections into olfactory cortex and fluorescent nucleus sorting to enrich PNs for high-throughput single nucleus and bulk RNA deep sequencing. Transcriptome analysis and RNA in situ hybridization identified distinct mitral and tufted cell populations with characteristic transcription factor network topology, cell adhesion, and excitability-related gene expression. Finally, we describe a new computational approach for integrating bulk and snRNA-seq data and provide evidence that different mitral cell populations preferentially project to different target regions. Together, we have identified potential molecular and gene regulatory mechanisms underlying PN diversity and provide new molecular entry points into studying the diverse functional roles of mitral and tufted cell subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zeppilli
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, and the Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, and CNRS UMR 7241 and INSERM U1050ParisFrance
| | - Tobias Ackels
- The Francis Crick Institute, Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology LaboratoryLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Robin Attey
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, and the Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Nell Klimpert
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, and the Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Kimberly D Ritola
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical InstituteAshburnUnited States
| | - Stefan Boeing
- The Francis Crick Institute, Bioinformatics and BiostatisticsLondonUnited Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, Scientific Computing - Digital Development TeamLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anton Crombach
- Inria Antenne Lyon La DouaVilleurbanneFrance
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, LIRIS, UMR 5205VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Andreas T Schaefer
- The Francis Crick Institute, Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology LaboratoryLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexander Fleischmann
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, and the Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, and CNRS UMR 7241 and INSERM U1050ParisFrance
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35
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Huang Z, Tatti R, Loeven AM, Landi Conde DR, Fadool DA. Modulation of Neural Microcircuits That Control Complex Dynamics in Olfactory Networks. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:662184. [PMID: 34239417 PMCID: PMC8259627 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.662184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation influences neuronal processing, conferring neuronal circuits the flexibility to integrate sensory inputs with behavioral states and the ability to adapt to a continuously changing environment. In this original research report, we broadly discuss the basis of neuromodulation that is known to regulate intrinsic firing activity, synaptic communication, and voltage-dependent channels in the olfactory bulb. Because the olfactory system is positioned to integrate sensory inputs with information regarding the internal chemical and behavioral state of an animal, how olfactory information is modulated provides flexibility in coding and behavioral output. Herein we discuss how neuronal microcircuits control complex dynamics of the olfactory networks by homing in on a special class of local interneurons as an example. While receptors for neuromodulation and metabolic peptides are widely expressed in the olfactory circuitry, centrifugal serotonergic and cholinergic inputs modulate glomerular activity and are involved in odor investigation and odor-dependent learning. Little is known about how metabolic peptides and neuromodulators control specific neuronal subpopulations. There is a microcircuit between mitral cells and interneurons that is comprised of deep-short-axon cells in the granule cell layer. These local interneurons express pre-pro-glucagon (PPG) and regulate mitral cell activity, but it is unknown what initiates this type of regulation. Our study investigates the means by which PPG neurons could be recruited by classical neuromodulators and hormonal peptides. We found that two gut hormones, leptin and cholecystokinin, differentially modulate PPG neurons. Cholecystokinin reduces or increases spike frequency, suggesting a heterogeneous signaling pathway in different PPG neurons, while leptin does not affect PPG neuronal firing. Acetylcholine modulates PPG neurons by increasing the spike frequency and eliciting bursts of action potentials, while serotonin does not affect PPG neuron excitability. The mechanisms behind this diverse modulation are not known, however, these results clearly indicate a complex interplay of metabolic signaling molecules and neuromodulators that may fine-tune neuronal microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Huang
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Roberta Tatti
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Ashley M Loeven
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Daniel R Landi Conde
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Debra Ann Fadool
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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36
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Schoonover CE, Ohashi SN, Axel R, Fink AJP. Representational drift in primary olfactory cortex. Nature 2021; 594:541-546. [PMID: 34108681 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Perceptual constancy requires the brain to maintain a stable representation of sensory input. In the olfactory system, activity in primary olfactory cortex (piriform cortex) is thought to determine odour identity1-5. Here we present the results of electrophysiological recordings of single units maintained over weeks to examine the stability of odour-evoked responses in mouse piriform cortex. Although activity in piriform cortex could be used to discriminate between odorants at any moment in time, odour-evoked responses drifted over periods of days to weeks. The performance of a linear classifier trained on the first recording day approached chance levels after 32 days. Fear conditioning did not stabilize odour-evoked responses. Daily exposure to the same odorant slowed the rate of drift, but when exposure was halted the rate increased again. This demonstration of continuous drift poses the question of the role of piriform cortex in odour perception. This instability might reflect the unstructured connectivity of piriform cortex6-12, and may be a property of other unstructured cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl E Schoonover
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sarah N Ohashi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Immunobiology Graduate Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard Axel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Andrew J P Fink
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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37
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Redolfi N, Lodovichi C. Spontaneous Afferent Activity Carves Olfactory Circuits. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:637536. [PMID: 33767612 PMCID: PMC7985084 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.637536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical activity has a key role in shaping neuronal circuits during development. In most sensory modalities, early in development, internally generated spontaneous activity sculpts the initial layout of neuronal wiring. With the maturation of the sense organs, the system relies more on sensory-evoked electrical activity. Stimuli-driven neuronal discharge is required for the transformation of immature circuits in the specific patterns of neuronal connectivity that subserve normal brain function. The olfactory system (OS) differs from this organizational plan. Despite the important role of odorant receptors (ORs) in shaping olfactory topography, odor-evoked activity does not have a prominent role in refining neuronal wiring. On the contrary, afferent spontaneous discharge is required to achieve and maintain the specific diagram of connectivity that defines the topography of the olfactory bulb (OB). Here, we provide an overview of the development of olfactory topography, with a focus on the role of afferent spontaneous discharge in the formation and maintenance of the specific synaptic contacts that result in the topographic organization of the OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Redolfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Lodovichi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute CNR, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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38
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Chen M, Chen Y, Huo Q, Wang L, Tan S, Misrani A, Jiang J, Chen J, Chen S, Zhang J, Tabassum S, Wang J, Chen X, Long C, Yang L. Enhancing GABAergic signaling ameliorates aberrant gamma oscillations of olfactory bulb in AD mouse models. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:14. [PMID: 33663578 PMCID: PMC7934466 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Before the deposition of amyloid-beta plaques and the onset of learning memory deficits, patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) experience olfactory dysfunction, typified by a reduced ability to detect, discriminate, and identify odors. Rodent models of AD, such as the Tg2576 and APP/PS1 mice, also display impaired olfaction, accompanied by aberrant in vivo or in vitro gamma rhythms in the olfactory pathway. However, the mechanistic relationships between the electrophysiological, biochemical and behavioral phenomena remain unclear. Methods To address the above issues in AD models, we conducted in vivo measurement of local field potential (LFP) with a combination of in vitro electro-olfactogram (EOG), whole-cell patch and field recordings to evaluate oscillatory and synaptic function and pharmacological regulation in the olfactory pathway, particularly in the olfactory bulb (OB). Levels of protein involved in excitation and inhibition of the OB were investigated by western blotting and fluorescence staining, while behavioral studies assessed olfaction and memory function. Results LFP measurements demonstrated an increase in gamma oscillations in the OB accompanied by altered olfactory behavior in both APP/PS1 and 3xTg mice at 3–5 months old, i.e. an age before the onset of plaque formation. Fewer olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and a reduced EOG contributed to a decrease in the excitatory responses of M/T cells, suggesting a decreased ability of M/T cells to trigger interneuron GABA release indicated by altered paired-pulse ratio (PPR), a presynaptic parameter. Postsynaptically, there was a compensatory increase in levels of GABAAR α1 and β3 subunits and subsequent higher amplitude of inhibitory responses. Strikingly, the GABA uptake inhibitor tiagabine (TGB) ameliorated abnormal gamma oscillations and levels of GABAAR subunits, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for early AD symptoms. These findings reveal increased gamma oscillations in the OB as a core indicator prior to onset of AD and uncover mechanisms underlying aberrant gamma activity in the OB. Conclusions This study suggests that the concomitant dysfunction of both olfactory behavior and gamma oscillations have important implications for early AD diagnosis: in particular, awareness of aberrant GABAergic signaling mechanisms might both aid diagnosis and suggest therapeutic strategies for olfactory damage in AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-021-00434-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yunan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qingwei Huo
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuyi Tan
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Afzal Misrani
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinxiang Jiang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Sidra Tabassum
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jichen Wang
- School of Psychology and Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Cheng Long
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li Yang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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39
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Boccaccio A, Menini A, Pifferi S. The cyclic AMP signaling pathway in the rodent main olfactory system. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:429-443. [PMID: 33447881 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Odor perception begins with the detection of odorant molecules by the main olfactory epithelium located in the nasal cavity. Odorant molecules bind to and activate a large family of G-protein-coupled odorant receptors and trigger a cAMP-mediated transduction cascade that converts the chemical stimulus into an electrical signal transmitted to the brain. Morever, odorant receptors and cAMP signaling plays a relevant role in olfactory sensory neuron development and axonal targeting to the olfactory bulb. This review will first explore the physiological response of olfactory sensory neurons to odorants and then analyze the different components of cAMP signaling and their different roles in odorant detection and olfactory sensory neuron development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boccaccio
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council (CNR), Genova, Italy.
| | - Anna Menini
- Neurobiology Group, SISSA, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Pifferi
- Neurobiology Group, SISSA, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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40
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Vasilev DS, Dubrovskaya NM, Zhuravin IA, Nalivaeva NN. Developmental Profile of Brain Neprilysin Expression Correlates with Olfactory Behaviour of Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1772-1785. [PMID: 33433852 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A neuropeptidase, neprilysin (NEP), is a major amyloid (Aβ)-degrading enzyme involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The olfactory system is affected early in AD with characteristic Aβ accumulation, but data on the dynamics of NEP expression in the olfactory system are absent. Our study demonstrates that NEP mRNA expression in rat olfactory bulbs (OB), entorhinal cortex (ECx), hippocampus (Hip), parietal cortex (PCx) and striatum (Str) increases during the first postnatal month being the highest in the OB and Str. By 3 months, NEP mRNA levels sharply decrease in the ECx, Hip and PCx and by 9 months in the OB, but not in the Str, which correlates with declining olfaction in aged rats tested in the food search paradigm. One-month-old rats subjected to prenatal hypoxia on E14 had lower NEP mRNA levels in the ECx, Hip and PCx (but not in the OB and Str) compared with the control offspring and demonstrated impaired olfaction in the odour preference and food search paradigms. Administration to these rats of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, sodium valproate, restored NEP expression in the ECx, Hip and PCx and improved olfaction. Our data support NEP involvement in olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrii S Vasilev
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Nadezhda M Dubrovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Igor A Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Natalia N Nalivaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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41
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Blockus H, Polleux F. Developmental mechanisms underlying circuit wiring: Novel insights and challenges ahead. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 66:205-211. [PMID: 33421713 PMCID: PMC8058300 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic connectivity within neural circuits is characterized by high degrees of cellular and subcellular specificity. This precision arises from the combined action of several classes of molecular cues, transmembrane receptors, secreted cues and extracellular matrix components, coordinating transitions between axon guidance, dendrite patterning, axon branching and synapse specificity. We focus this review on recent insights into some of the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling these transitions and present the results of large-scale efforts and technological developments aimed at mapping neural connectivity at single cell resolution in the mouse cortex as a mammalian model organism. Finally, we outline some of the technical and conceptual challenges lying ahead as the field is starting to explore one of the most challenging problems in neuroscience: the molecular and cellular logic underlying the emergence of the connectome characterizing specific circuits within the central nervous system of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Blockus
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Franck Polleux
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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42
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Egger V, Kuner T. Olfactory bulb granule cells: specialized to link coactive glomerular columns for percept generation and discrimination of odors. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:495-506. [PMID: 33404844 PMCID: PMC7873091 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of granule cells in olfactory processing is surrounded by several enigmatic observations, such as the purpose of reciprocal spines and the mechanisms for GABA release, the apparently low firing activity and recurrent inhibitory drive of granule cells, the missing proof for functional reciprocal connectivity, and the apparently negligible contribution to lateral inhibition. Here, we summarize recent results with regard to both the mechanisms of GABA release and the behavioral relevance of granule cell activity during odor discrimination. We outline a novel hypothesis that has the potential to resolve most of these enigmas and allows further predictions on the function of granule cells in odor processing. Briefly, recent findings imply that GABA release from the reciprocal spine requires a local spine action potential and the cooperative action of NMDA receptors and high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels. Thus, lateral inhibition is conditional on activity in the principal neurons connected to a granule cell and tightly intertwined with recurrent inhibition. This notion allows us to infer that lateral inhibition between principal neurons occurs "on demand," i.e., selectively on coactive mitral and tufted cells, and thus can provide directed, dynamically switched lateral inhibition in a sensory system with 1000 input channels organized in glomerular columns. The mechanistic underpinnings of this hypothesis concur with findings from odor discrimination behavior in mice with synaptic proteins deleted in granule cells. In summary, our hypothesis explains the unusual microcircuit of the granule cell reciprocal spine as a means of olfactory combinatorial coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Egger
- Institute of Zoology, Regensburg University, Universitätsstr. 30, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kuner
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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43
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Penker S, Licht T, Hofer KT, Rokni D. Mixture Coding and Segmentation in the Anterior Piriform Cortex. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:604718. [PMID: 33328914 PMCID: PMC7710992 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.604718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coding of odorous stimuli has been mostly studied using single isolated stimuli. However, a single sniff of air in a natural environment is likely to introduce airborne chemicals emitted by multiple objects into the nose. The olfactory system is therefore faced with the task of segmenting odor mixtures to identify objects in the presence of rich and often unpredictable backgrounds. The piriform cortex is thought to be the site of object recognition and scene segmentation, yet the nature of its responses to odorant mixtures is largely unknown. In this study, we asked two related questions. (1) How are mixtures represented in the piriform cortex? And (2) Can the identity of individual mixture components be read out from mixture representations in the piriform cortex? To answer these questions, we recorded single unit activity in the piriform cortex of naïve mice while sequentially presenting single odorants and their mixtures. We find that a normalization model explains mixture responses well, both at the single neuron, and at the population level. Additionally, we show that mixture components can be identified from piriform cortical activity by pooling responses of a small population of neurons-in many cases a single neuron is sufficient. These results indicate that piriform cortical representations are well suited to perform figure-background segmentation without the need for learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dan Rokni
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine and IMRIC, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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44
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Murata K. Hypothetical Roles of the Olfactory Tubercle in Odor-Guided Eating Behavior. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:577880. [PMID: 33262693 PMCID: PMC7686465 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.577880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction plays an important role in the evaluation, motivation, and palatability of food. The chemical identity of odorants is coded by a spatial combination of activated glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, which is referred to as the odor map. However, the functional roles of the olfactory cortex, a collective region that receives axonal projections from the olfactory bulb, and higher olfactory centers in odor-guided eating behaviors are yet to be elucidated. The olfactory tubercle (OT) is a component of the ventral striatum and forms a node within the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. Recent studies have revealed the anatomical domain structures of the OT and their functions in distinct odor-guided motivated behaviors. Another component of the ventral striatum, the nucleus accumbens, is well known for its involvement in motivation and hedonic responses for foods, which raises the possibility of functional similarities between the OT and nucleus accumbens in eating. This review first summarizes recent findings on the domain- and neuronal subtype-specific roles of the OT in odor-guided motivated behaviors and then proposes a model for the regulation of eating behaviors by the OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshi Murata
- Division of Brain Structure and Function, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Life Science Innovation Center, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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45
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Sinha S, Jones BM, Traniello IM, Bukhari SA, Halfon MS, Hofmann HA, Huang S, Katz PS, Keagy J, Lynch VJ, Sokolowski MB, Stubbs LJ, Tabe-Bordbar S, Wolfner MF, Robinson GE. Behavior-related gene regulatory networks: A new level of organization in the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23270-23279. [PMID: 32661177 PMCID: PMC7519311 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921625117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal networks are the standard heuristic model today for describing brain activity associated with animal behavior. Recent studies have revealed an extensive role for a completely distinct layer of networked activities in the brain-the gene regulatory network (GRN)-that orchestrates expression levels of hundreds to thousands of genes in a behavior-related manner. We examine emerging insights into the relationships between these two types of networks and discuss their interplay in spatial as well as temporal dimensions, across multiple scales of organization. We discuss properties expected of behavior-related GRNs by drawing inspiration from the rich literature on GRNs related to animal development, comparing and contrasting these two broad classes of GRNs as they relate to their respective phenotypic manifestations. Developmental GRNs also represent a third layer of network biology, playing out over a third timescale, which is believed to play a crucial mediatory role between neuronal networks and behavioral GRNs. We end with a special emphasis on social behavior, discuss whether unique GRN organization and cis-regulatory architecture underlies this special class of behavior, and review literature that suggests an affirmative answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Sinha
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801;
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Beryl M Jones
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Ian M Traniello
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Syed A Bukhari
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Informatics Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61820
| | - Marc S Halfon
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Hans A Hofmann
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Sui Huang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Paul S Katz
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Jason Keagy
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Vincent J Lynch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Marla B Sokolowski
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
- Program in Child and Brain Development, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Lisa J Stubbs
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Shayan Tabe-Bordbar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Mariana F Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850
| | - Gene E Robinson
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801;
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
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46
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Imamura F, Ito A, LaFever BJ. Subpopulations of Projection Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:561822. [PMID: 32982699 PMCID: PMC7485133 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.561822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of neuronal diversity is a biological strategy widely used in the brain to process complex information. The olfactory bulb is the first relay station of olfactory information in the vertebrate central nervous system. In the olfactory bulb, axons of the olfactory sensory neurons form synapses with dendrites of projection neurons that transmit the olfactory information to the olfactory cortex. Historically, the olfactory bulb projection neurons have been classified into two populations, mitral cells and tufted cells. The somata of these cells are distinctly segregated within the layers of the olfactory bulb; the mitral cells are located in the mitral cell layer while the tufted cells are found in the external plexiform layer. Although mitral and tufted cells share many morphological, biophysical, and molecular characteristics, they differ in soma size, projection patterns of their dendrites and axons, and odor responses. In addition, tufted cells are further subclassified based on the relative depth of their somata location in the external plexiform layer. Evidence suggests that different types of tufted cells have distinct cellular properties and play different roles in olfactory information processing. Therefore, mitral and different types of tufted cells are considered as starting points for parallel pathways of olfactory information processing in the brain. Moreover, recent studies suggest that mitral cells also consist of heterogeneous subpopulations with different cellular properties despite the fact that the mitral cell layer is a single-cell layer. In this review, we first compare the morphology of projection neurons in the olfactory bulb of different vertebrate species. Next, we explore the similarities and differences among subpopulations of projection neurons in the rodent olfactory bulb. We also discuss the timing of neurogenesis as a factor for the generation of projection neuron heterogeneity in the olfactory bulb. Knowledge about the subpopulations of olfactory bulb projection neurons will contribute to a better understanding of the complex olfactory information processing in higher brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Ayako Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Brandon J LaFever
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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47
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Carvalho VMDA, Nakahara TS, Souza MADA, Cardozo LM, Trintinalia GZ, Pissinato LG, Venancio JO, Stowers L, Papes F. Representation of Olfactory Information in Organized Active Neural Ensembles in the Hypothalamus. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108061. [PMID: 32846119 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal representation of sensory information via coherent activation of specific pathways in the nervous system is key to appropriate behavioral responses. Little is known about how chemical stimuli that elicit instinctive behaviors lead to organized patterns of activity in the hypothalamus. Here, we study how a wide range of chemosignals form a discernible map of olfactory information in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) and show that different stimuli entail distinct active neural ensembles. Importantly, we demonstrate that this map depends on functional inputs from the vomeronasal organ. We present evidence that the spatial locations of active VMH ensembles are correlated with activation of distinct vomeronasal receptors and that disjunct VMH ensembles exhibit differential projection patterns. Moreover, active ensembles with distinct spatial locations are not necessarily associated with different behavior categories, such as defensive or social, calling for a revision of the currently accepted model of VMH organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Miessler de Andrade Carvalho
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thiago Seike Nakahara
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mateus Augusto de Andrade Souza
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Minete Cardozo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ziegler Trintinalia
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Granato Pissinato
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - José Otávio Venancio
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Lisa Stowers
- Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fabio Papes
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil.
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48
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Wang PY, Boboila C, Chin M, Higashi-Howard A, Shamash P, Wu Z, Stein NP, Abbott LF, Axel R. Transient and Persistent Representations of Odor Value in Prefrontal Cortex. Neuron 2020; 108:209-224.e6. [PMID: 32827456 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The representation of odor in olfactory cortex (piriform) is distributive and unstructured and can only be afforded behavioral significance upon learning. We performed 2-photon imaging to examine the representation of odors in piriform and in two downstream areas, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), as mice learned olfactory associations. In piriform, we observed that odor responses were largely unchanged during learning. In OFC, 30% of the neurons acquired robust responses to conditioned stimuli (CS+) after learning, and these responses were gated by internal state and task context. Moreover, direct projections from piriform to OFC can be entrained to elicit learned olfactory behavior. CS+ responses in OFC diminished with continued training, whereas persistent representations of both CS+ and CS- odors emerged in mPFC. Optogenetic silencing indicates that these two brain structures function sequentially to consolidate the learning of appetitive associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y Wang
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Cristian Boboila
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Matthew Chin
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alexandra Higashi-Howard
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Philip Shamash
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zheng Wu
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nicole P Stein
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - L F Abbott
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Richard Axel
- The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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49
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Zheng N, Wang ZZ, Wang SW, Yang FJ, Zhu XT, Lu C, Manyande A, Rao XP, Xu FQ. Co-localization of two-color rAAV2-retro confirms the dispersion characteristics of efferent projections of mitral cells in mouse accessory olfactory bulb. Zool Res 2020; 41:148-156. [PMID: 31945810 PMCID: PMC7109009 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), located at the posterior dorsal aspect of the main olfactory bulb (MOB), is the first brain relay of the accessory olfactory system (AOS), which can parallelly detect and process volatile and nonvolatile social chemosignals and mediate different sexual and social behaviors with the main olfactory system (MOS). However, due to its anatomical location and absence of specific markers, there is a lack of research on the internal and external neural circuits of the AOB. This issue was addressed by single-color labeling and fluorescent double labeling using retrograde rAAVs injected into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), anterior cortical amygdalar area (ACo), medial amygdaloid nucleus (MeA), and posteromedial cortical amygdaloid area (PMCo) in mice. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this AOB projection neuron labeling method and showed that the mitral cells of the AOB exhibited efferent projection dispersion characteristics similar to those of the MOB. Moreover, there were significant differences in the number of neurons projected to different brain regions, which indicated that each mitral cell in the AOB could project to a different number of neurons in different cortices. These results provide a circuitry basis to help understand the mechanism by which pheromone information is encoded and decoded in the AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zheng
- Center of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Wang
- Department of Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Song-Wei Wang
- Department of Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Fang-Jia Yang
- School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xu-Tao Zhu
- Center of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Chen Lu
- School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of West London, Middlesex TW89GA, UK
| | - Xiao-Ping Rao
- Center of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China. E-mail:
| | - Fu-Qiang Xu
- Center of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Divisions of Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China. E-mail:
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Bolding KA, Nagappan S, Han BX, Wang F, Franks KM. Recurrent circuitry is required to stabilize piriform cortex odor representations across brain states. eLife 2020; 9:e53125. [PMID: 32662420 PMCID: PMC7360366 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern completion, or the ability to retrieve stable neural activity patterns from noisy or partial cues, is a fundamental feature of memory. Theoretical studies indicate that recurrently connected auto-associative or discrete attractor networks can perform this process. Although pattern completion and attractor dynamics have been observed in various recurrent neural circuits, the role recurrent circuitry plays in implementing these processes remains unclear. In recordings from head-fixed mice, we found that odor responses in olfactory bulb degrade under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia while responses immediately downstream, in piriform cortex, remain robust. Recurrent connections are required to stabilize cortical odor representations across states. Moreover, piriform odor representations exhibit attractor dynamics, both within and across trials, and these are also abolished when recurrent circuitry is eliminated. Here, we present converging evidence that recurrently-connected piriform populations stabilize sensory representations in response to degraded inputs, consistent with an auto-associative function for piriform cortex supported by recurrent circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Bolding
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical SchoolDurhamUnited States
| | | | - Bao-Xia Han
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical SchoolDurhamUnited States
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical SchoolDurhamUnited States
| | - Kevin M Franks
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical SchoolDurhamUnited States
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