1
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Yu X, Pan M, Ye J, Hathaway CA, Tworoger SS, Lea J, Li B. Quantifiable TCR repertoire changes in prediagnostic blood specimens among patients with high-grade ovarian cancer. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101612. [PMID: 38878776 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
High-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) is a major cause of death in women. Early detection of HGOC usually leads to a cure, yet it remains a clinical challenge with over 90% HGOCs diagnosed at advanced stages. This is mainly because conventional biomarkers are not sensitive enough to detect the microscopic yet metastatic early lesions. In this study, we sequence the blood T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires of 466 patients with ovarian cancer and controls and systematically investigate the immune repertoire signatures in HGOCs. We observe quantifiable changes of selected TCRs in HGOCs that are reproducible in multiple independent cohorts. Importantly, these changes are stronger during stage I. Using pre-diagnostic patient blood samples from the Nurses' Health Study, we confirm that HGOC signals can be detected in the blood TCR repertoire up to 4 years preceding conventional diagnosis. Our findings may provide the basis for future immune-based HGOC early detection criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mingyao Pan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Knight Cancer Institute and Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jayanthi Lea
- Department of Gynecology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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Zhou K, Xiao Z, Liu Q, Wang X, Huo J, Wu X, Zhao X, Feng X, Fu B, Xu P, Deng Y, Xiao W, Sun T, Da L. Comprehensive application of AI algorithms with TCR NGS data for glioma diagnosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15361. [PMID: 38965388 PMCID: PMC11224284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR) detection can examine the extent of T-cell immune responses. Therefore, the article analyzed characteristic data of glioma obtained by DNA-based TCR high-throughput sequencing, to predict the disease with fewer biomarkers and higher accuracy. We downloaded data online and obtained six TCR-related diversity indices to establish a multidimensional classification system. By comparing actual presence of the 602 correlated sequences, we obtained two-dimensional and multidimensional datasets. Multiple classification methods were utilized for both datasets with the classification accuracy of multidimensional data slightly less to two-dimensional datasets. This study reduced the TCR β sequences through feature selection methods like RFECV (Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation). Consequently, using only the presence of these three sequences, the classification AUC value of 96.67% can be achieved. The combination of the three correlated TCR clones obtained at a source data threshold of 0.1 is: CASSLGGNTEAFF_TRBV12_TRBJ1-1, CASSYSDTGELFF_TRBV6_TRBJ2-2, and CASSLTGNTEAFF_TRBV12_TRBJ1-1. At 0.001, the combination is: CASSLGETQYF_TRBV12_TRBJ2-5, CASSLGGNQPQHF_TRBV12_TRBJ1-5, and CASSLSGNTIYF_TRBV12_TRBJ1-3. This method can serve as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool, facilitating diagnosis and treatment of glioma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Zhou
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhengliang Xiao
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiaxin Huo
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wu
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaohan Feng
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Baoyi Fu
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Hangzhou ImmuQuad Biotechnologies, LLC, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Deng
- Hangzhou ImmuQuad Biotechnologies, LLC, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Xiao
- Hangzhou ImmuQuad Biotechnologies, LLC, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Hangzhou ImmuQuad Biotechnologies, LLC, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lin Da
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
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3
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Li M, Hua X, Li S, Wu MC, Zhao N. A multi-bin rarefying method for evaluating alpha diversities in TCR sequencing data. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae431. [PMID: 38950175 PMCID: PMC11246167 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION T cell receptors (TCRs) constitute a major component of our adaptive immune system, governing the recognition and response to internal and external antigens. Studying the TCR diversity via sequencing technology is critical for a deeper understanding of immune dynamics. However, library sizes differ substantially across samples, hindering the accurate estimation/comparisons of alpha diversities. To address this, researchers frequently use an overall rarefying approach in which all samples are sub-sampled to an even depth. Despite its pervasive application, its efficacy has never been rigorously assessed. RESULTS In this paper, we develop an innovative "multi-bin" rarefying approach that partitions samples into multiple bins according to their library sizes, conducts rarefying within each bin for alpha diversity calculations, and performs meta-analysis across bins. Extensive simulations using real-world data highlight the inadequacy of the overall rarefying approach in controlling the confounding effect of library size. Our method proves robust in addressing library size confounding, outperforming competing normalization strategies by achieving better-controlled type-I error rates and enhanced statistical power in association tests. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The code is available at https://github.com/mli171/MultibinAlpha. The datasets are freely available at https://doi.org/10.21417/B7001Z and https://doi.org/10.21417/AR2019NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504, United States
| | - Xing Hua
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States
| | - Michael C Wu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States
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4
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Tsai YY, Nair KG, Barot SV, Xiang S, Kamath S, Melas M, Walker CP, Srivastava R, Osborne N, Chan TA, Mitchem JB, Bonner JD, McDonnell KJ, Idos GE, Sanz-Pamplona R, Greenson JK, Rennert HS, Rennert G, Moreno V, Gruber SB, Khorana AA, Liska D, Schmit SL. Differences in Tumor-Associated T cell receptor repertoires between Early-Onset and Average-Onset colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024:djae143. [PMID: 38902947 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among individuals younger than age 50 (early onset CRC; EOCRC) has substantially increased, yet the etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying this alarming rise remain unclear. We compared tumor-associated T cell repertoires between EOCRC and average-onset CRC (AOCRC) to uncover potentially unique immune microenvironment-related features by age of onset. Our discovery cohort included 242 patients who underwent surgical resection at Cleveland Clinic from 2000 to 2020. EOCRC was defined as age < 50 years at diagnosis (N = 126), and AOCRC as age ≥ 60 years (N = 116). T cell receptor (TCR) abundance and clonality were measured by immunosequencing of tumors. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between TCR repertoire features and age of onset, adjusting for sex, race, tumor location, and stage. Findings were replicated in 152 EOCRC and 1,984 AOCRC cases from the Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Study. EOCRC tumors had significantly higher TCR diversity compared to AOCRC tumors in the discovery cohort (Odds Ratio (OR):0.44, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):0.32-0.61, p < .0001). This association was also observed in the replication cohort (OR : 0.74, 95% CI : 0.62-0.89, p = .0013). No significant differences in TCR abundance were observed between EOCRC and AOCRC in either cohort. Higher TCR diversity, suggesting a more diverse intratumoral T cell response, is more frequently observed in EOCRC than AOCRC. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of T cell diversity and the adaptive immune response more broadly in the etiology and outcomes of EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yu Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kanika G Nair
- Cleveland Clinic Center for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shimoli V Barot
- Cleveland Clinic Center for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shao Xiang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suneel Kamath
- Cleveland Clinic Center for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marilena Melas
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher P Walker
- Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Raghvendra Srivastava
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Osborne
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan B Mitchem
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- VA Northeast Ohio Health System, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joseph D Bonner
- Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J McDonnell
- Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Gregory E Idos
- Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, Aragon Health Research Institute (IISA), ARAID Foundation, Aragon Government, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Hedy S Rennert
- B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion and the Association for Promotion of Research in Precision Medicine (APRPM), Haifa, Israel
| | - Gad Rennert
- B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion and the Association for Promotion of Research in Precision Medicine (APRPM), Haifa, Israel
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Precision Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Alok A Khorana
- Cleveland Clinic Center for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Liska
- Cleveland Clinic Center for Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Population and Cancer Prevention Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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5
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Cai Y, Luo M, Yang W, Xu C, Wang P, Xue G, Jin X, Cheng R, Que J, Zhou W, Pang B, Xu S, Li Y, Jiang Q, Xu Z. The Deep Learning Framework iCanTCR Enables Early Cancer Detection Using the T-cell Receptor Repertoire in Peripheral Blood. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1915-1928. [PMID: 38536129 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
T cells recognize tumor antigens and initiate an anticancer immune response in the very early stages of tumor development, and the antigen specificity of T cells is determined by the T-cell receptor (TCR). Therefore, monitoring changes in the TCR repertoire in peripheral blood may offer a strategy to detect various cancers at a relatively early stage. Here, we developed the deep learning framework iCanTCR to identify patients with cancer based on the TCR repertoire. The iCanTCR framework uses TCRβ sequences from an individual as an input and outputs the predicted cancer probability. The model was trained on over 2,000 publicly available TCR repertoires from 11 types of cancer and healthy controls. Analysis of several additional publicly available datasets validated the ability of iCanTCR to distinguish patients with cancer from noncancer individuals and demonstrated the capability of iCanTCR for the accurate classification of multiple cancers. Importantly, iCanTCR precisely identified individuals with early-stage cancer with an AUC of 86%. Altogether, this work provides a liquid biopsy approach to capture immune signals from peripheral blood for noninvasive cancer diagnosis. SIGNIFICANCE Development of a deep learning-based method for multicancer detection using the TCR repertoire in the peripheral blood establishes the potential of evaluating circulating immune signals for noninvasive early cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yideng Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyi Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School for Interdisciplinary Medicine and Engineering, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangfu Xue
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiyun Jin
- School for Interdisciplinary Medicine and Engineering, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhao Que
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Boran Pang
- Center for Difficult and Complicated Abdominal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School for Interdisciplinary Medicine and Engineering, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaochun Xu
- School for Interdisciplinary Medicine and Engineering, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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6
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Johansson AM, Kwok WW. T-cell receptor sequencing in interrogating antigen-specific T-cell responses to foreign and self-antigens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1540-1542. [PMID: 38657797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Johansson
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Wash
| | - William W Kwok
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Wash.
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7
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Tiffeau-Mayer A. Unbiased estimation of sampling variance for Simpson's diversity index. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064411. [PMID: 39020976 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Quantification of measurement uncertainty is crucial for robust scientific inference, yet accurate estimates of this uncertainty remain elusive for ecological measures of diversity. Here, we address this longstanding challenge by deriving a closed-form unbiased estimator for the sampling variance of Simpson's diversity index. In numerical tests the estimator consistently outperforms existing approaches, particularly for applications in which species richness exceeds sample size. We apply the estimator to quantify biodiversity loss in marine ecosystems and to demonstrate ligand-dependent contributions of T-cell-receptor chains to specificity, illustrating its versatility across fields. The novel estimator provides researchers with a reliable method for comparing diversity between samples, essential for quantifying biodiversity trends and making informed conservation decisions.
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8
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Mendez-Gomez HR, DeVries A, Castillo P, von Roemeling C, Qdaisat S, Stover BD, Xie C, Weidert F, Zhao C, Moor R, Liu R, Soni D, Ogando-Rivas E, Chardon-Robles J, McGuiness J, Zhang D, Chung MC, Marconi C, Michel S, Barpujari A, Jobin GW, Thomas N, Ma X, Campaneria Y, Grippin A, Karachi A, Li D, Sahay B, Elliott L, Foster TP, Coleman KE, Milner RJ, Sawyer WG, Ligon JA, Simon E, Cleaver B, Wynne K, Hodik M, Molinaro AM, Guan J, Kellish P, Doty A, Lee JH, Massini T, Kresak JL, Huang J, Hwang EI, Kline C, Carrera-Justiz S, Rahman M, Gatica S, Mueller S, Prados M, Ghiaseddin AP, Silver NL, Mitchell DA, Sayour EJ. RNA aggregates harness the danger response for potent cancer immunotherapy. Cell 2024; 187:2521-2535.e21. [PMID: 38697107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy remains limited by poor antigenicity and a regulatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we create "onion-like" multi-lamellar RNA lipid particle aggregates (LPAs) to substantially enhance the payload packaging and immunogenicity of tumor mRNA antigens. Unlike current mRNA vaccine designs that rely on payload packaging into nanoparticle cores for Toll-like receptor engagement in immune cells, systemically administered RNA-LPAs activate RIG-I in stromal cells, eliciting massive cytokine/chemokine response and dendritic cell/lymphocyte trafficking that provokes cancer immunogenicity and mediates rejection of both early- and late-stage murine tumor models. In client-owned canines with terminal gliomas, RNA-LPAs improved survivorship and reprogrammed the TME, which became "hot" within days of a single infusion. In a first-in-human trial, RNA-LPAs elicited rapid cytokine/chemokine release, immune activation/trafficking, tissue-confirmed pseudoprogression, and glioma-specific immune responses in glioblastoma patients. These data support RNA-LPAs as a new technology that simultaneously reprograms the TME while eliciting rapid and enduring cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector R Mendez-Gomez
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Anna DeVries
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Paul Castillo
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Christina von Roemeling
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sadeem Qdaisat
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian D Stover
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chao Xie
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Frances Weidert
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chong Zhao
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rachel Moor
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dhruvkumar Soni
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jonathan Chardon-Robles
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - James McGuiness
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dingpeng Zhang
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Michael C Chung
- University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Austin TX 78712
| | - Christiano Marconi
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Stephen Michel
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Arnav Barpujari
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Gabriel W Jobin
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nagheme Thomas
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yodarlynis Campaneria
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Adam Grippin
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Aida Karachi
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Derek Li
- University of Florida, Division of Quantitative Sciences, UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bikash Sahay
- University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Leighton Elliott
- University of Florida, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Timothy P Foster
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kirsten E Coleman
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rowan J Milner
- University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - W Gregory Sawyer
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - John A Ligon
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eugenio Simon
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian Cleaver
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kristine Wynne
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Marcia Hodik
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Juan Guan
- University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Austin TX 78712
| | - Patrick Kellish
- University of Florida Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Andria Doty
- University of Florida Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- University of Florida, Department of Biostatistics, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tara Massini
- University of Florida, Department of Radiology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jesse L Kresak
- University of Florida, Department of Pathology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jianping Huang
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Children's National Hospital, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Cassie Kline
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Maryam Rahman
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- University of Florida, Department of Anesthesiology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sabine Mueller
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, Neurological Surgery, and Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael Prados
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ashley P Ghiaseddin
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Natalie L Silver
- Cleveland Clinic, Center of Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology/Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Elias J Sayour
- University of Florida Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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9
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Lu X, Hayashi H, Ishikawa E, Takeuchi Y, Dychiao JVT, Nakagami H, Yamasaki S. Early acquisition of S-specific Tfh clonotypes after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is associated with the longevity of anti-S antibodies. eLife 2024; 12:RP89999. [PMID: 38716629 PMCID: PMC11078543 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been used worldwide to combat COVID-19 pandemic. To elucidate the factors that determine the longevity of spike (S)-specific antibodies, we traced the characteristics of S-specific T cell clonotypes together with their epitopes and anti-S antibody titers before and after BNT162b2 vaccination over time. T cell receptor (TCR) αβ sequences and mRNA expression of the S-responded T cells were investigated using single-cell TCR- and RNA-sequencing. Highly expanded 199 TCR clonotypes upon stimulation with S peptide pools were reconstituted into a reporter T cell line for the determination of epitopes and restricting HLAs. Among them, we could determine 78 S epitopes, most of which were conserved in variants of concern (VOCs). After the 2nd vaccination, T cell clonotypes highly responsive to recall S stimulation were polarized to follicular helper T (Tfh)-like cells in donors exhibiting sustained anti-S antibody titers (designated as 'sustainers'), but not in 'decliners'. Even before vaccination, S-reactive CD4+ T cell clonotypes did exist, most of which cross-reacted with environmental or symbiotic microbes. However, these clonotypes contracted after vaccination. Conversely, S-reactive clonotypes dominated after vaccination were undetectable in pre-vaccinated T cell pool, suggesting that highly responding S-reactive T cells were established by vaccination from rare clonotypes. These results suggest that de novo acquisition of memory Tfh-like cells upon vaccination may contribute to the longevity of anti-S antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Yukiko Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | | | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
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10
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Ningoo M, Cruz-Encarnación P, Khilnani C, Heeger PS, Fribourg M. T-cell receptor sequencing reveals selected donor-reactive CD8 + T cell clones resist antithymocyte globulin depletion after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2024; 24:755-764. [PMID: 38141722 PMCID: PMC11070313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
High frequencies of donor-reactive memory T cells in the periphery of transplant candidates prior to transplantation are linked to the development of posttransplant acute rejection episodes and reduced allograft function. Rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) effectively depletes naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells for >6 months posttransplant, but rATG's effects on human donor-reactive T cells have not been carefully determined. To address this, we performed T cell receptor β-chain sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells aliquots collected pretransplant and serially posttransplant in 7 kidney transplant recipients who received rATG as induction therapy. We tracked the evolution of the donor-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell repertoires and identified stimulated pretransplant, CTV-(surface dye)-labeled, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from each patient with donor cells or third-party cells. Our analyses showed that while rATG depleted CD4+ T cells in all tested subjects, a subset of donor-reactive CD8+ T cells that were present at high frequencies pretransplant, consistent with expanded memory cells, resisted rATG depletion, underwent posttransplant expansion and were functional. Together, our data support the conclusion that a subset of human memory CD8+ T cells specifically reactive to donor antigens expand in vivo despite induction therapy with rATG and thus have the potential to mediate allograft damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehek Ningoo
- Translational Transplant Research Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pamela Cruz-Encarnación
- Translational Transplant Research Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Calla Khilnani
- Translational Transplant Research Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter S Heeger
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Miguel Fribourg
- Translational Transplant Research Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
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11
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Zhu X, Ma E, Ning K, Feng X, Quan W, Wang F, Zhu C, Ma Y, Dong Y, Jiang Q. A comparative analysis of TCR immune repertoire in COVID-19 patients. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110795. [PMID: 38582657 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has merged as a global health threat since its outbreak in December 2019. Despite widespread recognition, there has been a paucity of studies focusing on the T cell receptor (TCR) bias in adaptive immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2. This research conducted a comparative analysis of the TCR immune repertoire to identify notable αβ TCR bias sequences associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen. The present study encompassed 73 symptomatic COVID-19 patients, categorized as moderate/mild or severe/critical, along with 9 healthy controls. Our findings revealed specific TCR chains prominently utilized by moderate and severe patients, identified as TRAV30-J34-TRBV3-1-J2-7 and TRAV12-3-J6-TRBV28-J1-1, respectively. Additionally, our research explored critical TCR preferences in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COVID-19 patients at various disease stages. Indeed, monitoring the dynamics of immune repertoire changes in COVID-19 patients could serve as a crucial biomarker for predicting disease progression and recovery. Furthermore, the study explored TCR bias in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and BALF. The most common αβ VJ pair observed in BALF was TRAV12-3-J18-TRBV7-6-J2-7. In addition, a comparative analysis with the VDJdb database indicated that the HLA-A*02:01 allele exhibited the widest distribution and highest frequency in COVID-19 patients across different periods. This comprehensive examination provided a global characterization of the TCR immune repertoire in COVID-19 patients, contributing significantly to our understanding of TCR bias induced by SARS-CoV-2.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- COVID-19/immunology
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Male
- Female
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Adult
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology
- Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Adaptive Immunity/immunology
- Severity of Illness Index
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Lead Contact.
| | - Enze Ma
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ke Ning
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiangyan Feng
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Quan
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanjun Ma
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yucui Dong
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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12
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Goldner Kabeli R, Zevin S, Abargel A, Zilberberg A, Efroni S. Self-supervised learning of T cell receptor sequences exposes core properties for T cell membership. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk4670. [PMID: 38669334 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is an extraordinarily diverse collection of TCRs essential for maintaining the body's homeostasis and response to threats. In this study, we compiled an extensive dataset of more than 4200 bulk TCR repertoire samples, encompassing 221,176,713 sequences, alongside 6,159,652 single-cell TCR sequences from over 400 samples. From this dataset, we then selected a representative subset of 5 million bulk sequences and 4.2 million single-cell sequences to train two specialized Transformer-based language models for bulk (CVC) and single-cell (scCVC) TCR repertoires, respectively. We show that these models successfully capture TCR core qualities, such as sharing, gene composition, and single-cell properties. These qualities are emergent in the encoded TCR latent space and enable classification into TCR-based qualities such as public sequences. These models demonstrate the potential of Transformer-based language models in TCR downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romi Goldner Kabeli
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Sarit Zevin
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Avital Abargel
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Alona Zilberberg
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Sol Efroni
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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13
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Zaslavsky ME, Craig E, Michuda JK, Sehgal N, Ram-Mohan N, Lee JY, Nguyen KD, Hoh RA, Pham TD, Röltgen K, Lam B, Parsons ES, Macwana SR, DeJager W, Drapeau EM, Roskin KM, Cunningham-Rundles C, Moody MA, Haynes BF, Goldman JD, Heath JR, Nadeau KC, Pinsky BA, Blish CA, Hensley SE, Jensen K, Meyer E, Balboni I, Utz PJ, Merrill JT, Guthridge JM, James JA, Yang S, Tibshirani R, Kundaje A, Boyd SD. Disease diagnostics using machine learning of immune receptors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2022.04.26.489314. [PMID: 35547855 PMCID: PMC9094102 DOI: 10.1101/2022.04.26.489314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinical diagnosis typically incorporates physical examination, patient history, and various laboratory tests and imaging studies, but makes limited use of the human system's own record of antigen exposures encoded by receptors on B cells and T cells. We analyzed immune receptor datasets from 593 individuals to develop MAchine Learning for Immunological Diagnosis (Mal-ID) , an interpretive framework to screen for multiple illnesses simultaneously or precisely test for one condition. This approach detects specific infections, autoimmune disorders, vaccine responses, and disease severity differences. Human-interpretable features of the model recapitulate known immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, Influenza, and HIV, highlight antigen-specific receptors, and reveal distinct characteristics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Type-1 Diabetes autoreactivity. This analysis framework has broad potential for scientific and clinical interpretation of human immune responses.
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14
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Chen DG, Xie J, Choi J, Ng RH, Zhang R, Li S, Edmark R, Zheng H, Solomon B, Campbell KM, Medina E, Ribas A, Khatri P, Lanier LL, Mease PJ, Goldman JD, Su Y, Heath JR. Integrative systems biology reveals NKG2A-biased immune responses correlate with protection in infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113872. [PMID: 38427562 PMCID: PMC10995767 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection, autoimmunity, and cancer are principal human health challenges of the 21st century. Often regarded as distinct ends of the immunological spectrum, recent studies hint at potential overlap between these diseases. For example, inflammation can be pathogenic in infection and autoimmunity. T resident memory (TRM) cells can be beneficial in infection and cancer. However, these findings are limited by size and scope; exact immunological factors shared across diseases remain elusive. Here, we integrate large-scale deeply clinically and biologically phenotyped human cohorts of 526 patients with infection, 162 with lupus, and 11,180 with cancer. We identify an NKG2A+ immune bias as associative with protection against disease severity, mortality, and autoimmune/post-acute chronic disease. We reveal that NKG2A+ CD8+ T cells correlate with reduced inflammation and increased humoral immunity and that they resemble TRM cells. Our results suggest NKG2A+ biases as a cross-disease factor of protection, supporting suggestions of immunological overlap between infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Chen
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Rachel H Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rongyu Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Li
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rick Edmark
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ben Solomon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Egmidio Medina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philip J Mease
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Providence St. Joseph Health, Renton, WA, USA
| | - Jason D Goldman
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Providence St. Joseph Health, Renton, WA, USA; Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yapeng Su
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James R Heath
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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15
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Roy P, Suthahar SSA, Makings J, Ley K. Identification of apolipoprotein B-reactive CDR3 motifs allows tracking of atherosclerosis-related memory CD4 +T cells in multiple donors. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302031. [PMID: 38571941 PMCID: PMC10988780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atherosclerosis is a major pathological condition that underlies many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Its etiology involves breach of tolerance to self, leading to clonal expansion of autoreactive apolipoprotein B (APOB)-reactive CD4+T cells that correlates with clinical CVD. The T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences that mediate activation of APOB-specific CD4+T cells are unknown. Methods In a previous study, we had profiled the hypervariable complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of CD4+T cells that respond to six immunodominant APOB epitopes in most donors. Here, we comprehensively analyze this dataset of 149,065 APOB-reactive and 199,211 non-reactive control CDR3s from six human leukocyte antigen-typed donors. Results We identified 672 highly expanded (frequency threshold > 1.39E-03) clones that were significantly enriched in the APOB-reactive group as compared to the controls (log10 odds ratio ≥1, Fisher's test p < 0.01). Analysis of 114,755 naïve, 91,001 central memory (TCM) and 29,839 effector memory (TEM) CDR3 sequences from the same donors revealed that APOB+ clones can be traced to the complex repertoire of unenriched blood T cells. The fraction of APOB+ clones that overlapped with memory CDR3s ranged from 2.2% to 46% (average 16.4%). This was significantly higher than their overlap with the naïve pool, which ranged from 0.7% to 2% (average 1.36%). CDR3 motif analysis with the machine learning-based in-silico tool, GLIPHs (grouping of lymphocyte interactions by paratope hotspots), identified 532 APOB+ motifs. Analysis of naïve and memory CDR3 sequences with GLIPH revealed that ~40% (209 of 532) of these APOB+ motifs were enriched in the memory pool. Network analysis with Cytoscape revealed extensive sharing of the memory-affiliated APOB+ motifs across multiple donors. We identified six motifs that were present in TCM and TEM CDR3 sequences from >80% of the donors and were highly enriched in the APOB-reactive TCR repertoire. Discussion The identified APOB-reactive expanded CD4+T cell clones and conserved motifs can be used to annotate and track human atherosclerosis-related autoreactive CD4+T cells and measure their clonal expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Roy
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey Makings
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Klaus Ley
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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16
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Aterido A, López-Lasanta M, Blanco F, Juan-Mas A, García-Vivar ML, Erra A, Pérez-García C, Sánchez-Fernández SÁ, Sanmartí R, Fernández-Nebro A, Alperi-López M, Tornero J, Ortiz AM, Fernández-Cid CM, Palau N, Pan W, Byrne-Steele M, Starenki D, Weber D, Rodriguez-Nunez I, Han J, Myers RM, Marsal S, Julià A. Seven-chain adaptive immune receptor repertoire analysis in rheumatoid arthritis reveals novel features associated with disease and clinically relevant phenotypes. Genome Biol 2024; 25:68. [PMID: 38468286 PMCID: PMC10926600 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the activation of T and B cell clones specific for self-antigens leads to the chronic inflammation of the synovium. Here, we perform an in-depth quantitative analysis of the seven chains that comprise the adaptive immune receptor repertoire (AIRR) in RA. RESULTS In comparison to controls, we show that RA patients have multiple and strong differences in the B cell receptor repertoire including reduced diversity as well as altered isotype, chain, and segment frequencies. We demonstrate that therapeutic tumor necrosis factor inhibition partially restores this alteration but find a profound difference in the underlying biochemical reactivities between responders and non-responders. Combining the AIRR with HLA typing, we identify the specific T cell receptor repertoire associated with disease risk variants. Integrating these features, we further develop a molecular classifier that shows the utility of the AIRR as a diagnostic tool. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous sequencing of the seven chains of the human AIRR reveals novel features associated with the disease and clinically relevant phenotypes, including response to therapy. These findings show the unique potential of AIRR to address precision medicine in immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Aterido
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María López-Lasanta
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Blanco
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Juan Canalejo, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Alba Erra
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Sant Rafael, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Raimon Sanmartí
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesús Tornero
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Ana María Ortiz
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Núria Palau
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Han
- iRepertoire Inc, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Sara Marsal
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Julià
- Rheumatology Research Group, Vall Hebron Research Institute, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Qian X, Yang G, Li F, Zhang X, Zhu X, Lai X, Xiao X, Wang T, Wang J. DeepLION2: deep multi-instance contrastive learning framework enhancing the prediction of cancer-associated T cell receptors by attention strategy on motifs. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345586. [PMID: 38515756 PMCID: PMC10956474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires provide valuable insights into complex human diseases, including cancers. Recent advancements in immune sequencing technology have significantly improved our understanding of TCR repertoire. Some computational methods have been devised to identify cancer-associated TCRs and enable cancer detection using TCR sequencing data. However, the existing methods are often limited by their inadequate consideration of the correlations among TCRs within a repertoire, hindering the identification of crucial TCRs. Additionally, the sparsity of cancer-associated TCR distribution presents a challenge in accurate prediction. Methods To address these issues, we presented DeepLION2, an innovative deep multi-instance contrastive learning framework specifically designed to enhance cancer-associated TCR prediction. DeepLION2 leveraged content-based sparse self-attention, focusing on the top k related TCRs for each TCR, to effectively model inter-TCR correlations. Furthermore, it adopted a contrastive learning strategy for bootstrapping parameter updates of the attention matrix, preventing the model from fixating on non-cancer-associated TCRs. Results Extensive experimentation on diverse patient cohorts, encompassing over ten cancer types, demonstrated that DeepLION2 significantly outperformed current state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Matthews correlation coefficient, and area under the curve (AUC). Notably, DeepLION2 achieved impressive AUC values of 0.933, 0.880, and 0.763 on thyroid, lung, and gastrointestinal cancer cohorts, respectively. Furthermore, it effectively identified cancer-associated TCRs along with their key motifs, highlighting the amino acids that play a crucial role in TCR-peptide binding. Conclusion These compelling results underscore DeepLION2's potential for enhancing cancer detection and facilitating personalized cancer immunotherapy. DeepLION2 is publicly available on GitHub, at https://github.com/Bioinformatics7181/DeepLION2, for academic use only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Qian
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fan Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuanping Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Lai
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Genomics Institute, Geneplus-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Medical and Health Big Data, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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18
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Hudson D, Lubbock A, Basham M, Koohy H. A comparison of clustering models for inference of T cell receptor antigen specificity. IMMUNOINFORMATICS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 13:None. [PMID: 38525047 PMCID: PMC10955519 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuno.2024.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The vast potential sequence diversity of TCRs and their ligands has presented an historic barrier to computational prediction of TCR epitope specificity, a holy grail of quantitative immunology. One common approach is to cluster sequences together, on the assumption that similar receptors bind similar epitopes. Here, we provide the first independent evaluation of widely used clustering algorithms for TCR specificity inference, observing some variability in predictive performance between models, and marked differences in scalability. Despite these differences, we find that different algorithms produce clusters with high degrees of similarity for receptors recognising the same epitope. Our analysis strengthens the case for use of clustering models to identify signals of common specificity from large repertoires, whilst highlighting scope for improvement of complex models over simple comparators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hudson
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Didcot, UK
| | | | | | - Hashem Koohy
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Alan Turning Fellow in Health and Medicine, UK
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19
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Zhou W, Kawashima S, Ishino T, Kawase K, Ueda Y, Yamashita K, Watanabe T, Kawazu M, Dansako H, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa H, Inozume T, Nagasaki J, Togashi Y. Stem-like progenitor and terminally differentiated T FH-like CD4 + T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113797. [PMID: 38363680 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors exert clinical efficacy against various types of cancer through reinvigoration of exhausted CD8+ T cells that attack cancer cells directly in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Using single-cell sequencing and mouse models, we show that CXCL13, highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating exhausted CD8+ T cells, induces CD4+ follicular helper T (TFH) cell infiltration, contributing to anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, a part of the TFH cells in the TME exhibits cytotoxicity and directly attacks major histocompatibility complex-II-expressing tumors. TFH-like cytotoxic CD4+ T cells have high LAG-3/BLIMP1 and low TCF1 expression without self-renewal ability, whereas non-cytotoxic TFH cells express low LAG-3/BLIMP1 and high TCF1 with self-renewal ability, closely resembling the relationship between terminally differentiated and stem-like progenitor exhaustion in CD8+ T cells, respectively. Our findings provide deep insights into TFH-like CD4+ T cell exhaustion with helper progenitor and cytotoxic differentiated functions, mediating anti-tumor immunity orchestrally with CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Urology Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Shusuke Kawashima
- Department of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ishino
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Katsushige Kawase
- Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Youki Ueda
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | | | - Tomofumi Watanabe
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-0932, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Dansako
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Division of Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Center, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), Tokyo 104-0045, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Inozume
- Department of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Joji Nagasaki
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Togashi
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Chiba Cancer Center, Research Institute, Division of Cell Therapy, Chiba 260-8717, Japan; Division of Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Center, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), Tokyo 104-0045, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan.
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20
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Vujkovic A, Ha M, de Block T, van Petersen L, Brosius I, Theunissen C, van Ierssel SH, Bartholomeus E, Adriaensen W, Vanham G, Elias G, Van Damme P, Van Tendeloo V, Beutels P, van Frankenhuijsen M, Vlieghe E, Ogunjimi B, Laukens K, Meysman P, Vercauteren K. Diagnosing Viral Infections Through T-Cell Receptor Sequencing of Activated CD8+ T Cells. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:507-516. [PMID: 37787611 PMCID: PMC10873181 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell-based diagnostic tools identify pathogen exposure but lack differentiation between recent and historical exposures in acute infectious diseases. Here, T-cell receptor (TCR) RNA sequencing was performed on HLA-DR+/CD38+CD8+ T-cell subsets of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30; 10 of whom had previously been exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]). CDR3α and CDR3β TCR regions were clustered separately before epitope specificity annotation using a database of SARS-CoV-2-associated CDR3α and CDR3β sequences corresponding to >1000 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. The depth of the SARS-CoV-2-associated CDR3α/β sequences differentiated COVID-19 patients from the healthy controls with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.84 ± 0.10. Hence, annotating TCR sequences of activated CD8+ T cells can be used to diagnose an acute viral infection and discriminate it from historical exposure. In essence, this work presents a new paradigm for applying the T-cell repertoire to accomplish TCR-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Vujkovic
- Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - My Ha
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tessa de Block
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lida van Petersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Brosius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Caroline Theunissen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabrina H van Ierssel
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esther Bartholomeus
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Adriaensen
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guido Vanham
- Biomedical Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - George Elias
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viggo Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philippe Beutels
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Erika Vlieghe
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benson Ogunjimi
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kris Laukens
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Meysman
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Vercauteren
- Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
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21
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Yin Y, Sheng Y, Gao S, Zhang J, Wang W, Liu Y, Xu T, Zhang Y. Profiling of T cell repertoire in peripheral blood of patients from type 2 diabetes with complication. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:10. [PMID: 38297222 PMCID: PMC10832173 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE More than 90% of patients with diabetes worldwide are type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is caused by insulin resistance or impaired producing insulin by pancreatic β cells. T2D and its complications, mainly large cardiovascular (LCV) and kidney (Ne) complications, are the major cause of death in diabetes patients. Recently, the dysregulation of peripheral T cell immune homeostasis was found in most T2D patients. However, the characteristics of T-cell receptors (TCR) remain largely unexplored in T2D patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here we investigated the TCR repertoire using high-throughput sequencing in peripheral blood collected from T2D patient with (8 LCV and 7 Ne) or without complications. RESULTS Our analysis of TCR repertoires in peripheral blood samples showed that TCR profiles in T2D patients with complications tended to be single and specific compared to controls, according to the characteristics of TCR repertoire in V-J combination number, diversity, principal component analysis (PCA) and differential genes. And we identified some differentially expressed V-J gene segments and amino acid clonotypes, which had the potential to contribute to distinguishing T2D patient with or without complications. As the progression of the disease, we found that the profiling of TCR repertoire was also differential between T2D patients with LVD and Ne complications base on this pilot analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the protentional unique property of TCR repertoire in peripheral blood of T2D patient with and without complications, or T2D patients with LVD and Ne complications, which provided the possibility for future improvements in immune-related diagnosis and therapy for T2D complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongHui Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - YingLi Sheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China
| | - JinTao Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China
| | - WenKuan Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China
| | - YingJun Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China
| | - TingTing Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 203, Administrative Building, 4655 University Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong, 250035, China.
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22
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Lee LW, Shafiani S, Crossley B, Emerson RO, Williamson D, Bunin A, Vargas J, Han AS, Kaplan IM, Green PHR, Kirsch I, Bhagat G. Characterisation of T cell receptor repertoires in coeliac disease. J Clin Pathol 2024; 77:116-124. [PMID: 36522177 PMCID: PMC10850686 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Characterise T-cell receptor gene (TR) repertoires of small intestinal T cells of patients with newly diagnosed (active) coeliac disease (ACD), refractory CD type I (RCD I) and patients with CD on a gluten-free diet (GFD). METHODS Next-generation sequencing of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of rearranged T cell receptor β (TRB) and γ (TRG) genes was performed using DNA extracted from intraepithelial cell (IEC) and lamina propria cell (LPC) fractions and a small subset of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples obtained from CD and non-CD (control) patients. Several parameters were assessed, including relative abundance and enrichment. RESULTS TRB and TRG repertoires of CD IEC and LPC samples demonstrated lower clonality but higher frequency of rearranged TRs compared with controls. No CD-related differences were detected in the limited number of PBMC samples. Previously published LP gliadin-specific TRB sequences were more frequently detected in LPC samples from patients with CD compared with non-CD controls. TRG repertoires of IECs from both ACD and GFD patients demonstrated increased abundance of certain CDR3 amino acid (AA) motifs compared with controls, which were encoded by multiple nucleotide variants, including one motif that was enriched in duodenal IECs versus the PBMCs of CD patients. CONCLUSIONS Small intestinal TRB and TRG repertoires of patients with CD are more diverse than individuals without CD, likely due to mucosal recruitment and accumulation of T cells because of protracted inflammation. Enrichment of the unique TRG CDR3 AA sequence in the mucosa of patients with CD may suggest disease-associated changes in the TCRγδ IE lymphocyte (IEL) landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lik Wee Lee
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shahin Shafiani
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Beryl Crossley
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ryan O Emerson
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David Williamson
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anna Bunin
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin Vargas
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arnold S Han
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ian M Kaplan
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter H R Green
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ilan Kirsch
- Computational Biology and Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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23
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Huuhtanen J, Adnan-Awad S, Theodoropoulos J, Forstén S, Warfvinge R, Dufva O, Bouhlal J, Dhapola P, Duàn H, Laajala E, Kasanen T, Klievink J, Ilander M, Jaatinen T, Olsson-Strömberg U, Hjorth-Hansen H, Burchert A, Karlsson G, Kreutzman A, Lähdesmäki H, Mustjoki S. Single-cell analysis of immune recognition in chronic myeloid leukemia patients following tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation. Leukemia 2024; 38:109-125. [PMID: 37919606 PMCID: PMC10776410 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunological control of residual leukemia cells is thought to occur in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) that maintain treatment-free remission (TFR) following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation. To study this, we analyzed 55 single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequenced samples (scRNA+TCRαβ-seq) from patients with CML (n = 13, N = 25), other cancers (n = 28), and healthy (n = 7). The high number and active phenotype of natural killer (NK) cells in CML separated them from healthy and other cancers. Most NK cells in CML belonged to the active CD56dim cluster with high expression of GZMA/B, PRF1, CCL3/4, and IFNG, with interactions with leukemic cells via inhibitory LGALS9-TIM3 and PVR-TIGIT interactions. Accordingly, upregulation of LGALS9 was observed in CML target cells and TIM3 in NK cells when co-cultured together. Additionally, we created a classifier to identify TCRs targeting leukemia-associated antigen PR1 and quantified anti-PR1 T cells in 90 CML and 786 healthy TCRβ-sequenced samples. Anti-PR1 T cells were more prevalent in CML, enriched in bone marrow samples, and enriched in the mature, cytotoxic CD8 + TEMRA cluster, especially in a patient maintaining TFR. Our results highlight the role of NK cells and anti-PR1 T cells in anti-leukemic immune responses in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Huuhtanen
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Shady Adnan-Awad
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason Theodoropoulos
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofia Forstén
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rebecca Warfvinge
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olli Dufva
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Bouhlal
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Parashar Dhapola
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Duàn
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Essi Laajala
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Kasanen
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jay Klievink
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mette Ilander
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Jaatinen
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Olsson-Strömberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University and Hematology Section, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hjorth-Hansen
- Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Burchert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, and University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Göran Karlsson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Kreutzman
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Ford ES, Mayer-Blackwell K, Jing L, Laing KJ, Sholukh AM, St Germain R, Bossard EL, Xie H, Pulliam TH, Jani S, Selke S, Burrow CJ, McClurkan CL, Wald A, Greninger AL, Holbrook MR, Eaton B, Eudy E, Murphy M, Postnikova E, Robins HS, Elyanow R, Gittelman RM, Ecsedi M, Wilcox E, Chapuis AG, Fiore-Gartland A, Koelle DM. Repeated mRNA vaccination sequentially boosts SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 + T cells in persons with previous COVID-19. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:166-177. [PMID: 38057617 PMCID: PMC10981451 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hybrid immunity is more protective than vaccination or previous infection alone. To investigate the kinetics of spike-reactive T (TS) cells from SARS-CoV-2 infection through messenger RNA vaccination in persons with hybrid immunity, we identified the T cell receptor (TCR) sequences of thousands of index TS cells and tracked their frequency in bulk TCRβ repertoires sampled longitudinally from the peripheral blood of persons who had recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccinations led to large expansions in memory TS cell clonotypes, most of which were CD8+ T cells, while also eliciting diverse TS cell clonotypes not observed before vaccination. TCR sequence similarity clustering identified public CD8+ and CD4+ TCR motifs associated with spike (S) specificity. Synthesis of longitudinal bulk ex vivo single-chain TCRβ repertoires and paired-chain TCRɑβ sequences from droplet sequencing of TS cells provides a roadmap for the rapid assessment of T cell responses to vaccines and emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Ford
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lichen Jing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kerry J Laing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anton M Sholukh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Russell St Germain
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily L Bossard
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas H Pulliam
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Saumya Jani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacy Selke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Anna Wald
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Brett Eaton
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Eudy
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elena Postnikova
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel M Gittelman
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA
- Guardant Health, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Matyas Ecsedi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Takeda Oncology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elise Wilcox
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aude G Chapuis
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Fiore-Gartland
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David M Koelle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Translational Research, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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25
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Mitchell AM, Baschal EE, McDaniel KA, Fleury T, Choi H, Pyle L, Yu L, Rewers MJ, Nakayama M, Michels AW. Tracking DNA-based antigen-specific T cell receptors during progression to type 1 diabetes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj6975. [PMID: 38064552 PMCID: PMC10708189 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj6975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
T cells targeting self-proteins are important mediators in autoimmune diseases. T cells express unique cell-surface receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptides presented by major histocompatibility molecules. TCRs have been identified from blood and pancreatic islets of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we tracked ~1700 known antigen-specific TCR sequences, islet antigen or viral reactive, in bulk TCRβ sequencing from longitudinal blood DNA samples in at-risk cases who progressed to T1D, age/sex/human leukocyte antigen-matched controls, and a new-onset T1D cohort. Shared and frequent antigen-specific TCRβ sequences were identified in all three cohorts, and viral sequences were present across all ages. Islet sequences had different patterns of accumulation based upon antigen specificity in the at-risk cases. Furthermore, 73 islet-antigen TCRβ sequences were present in higher frequencies and numbers in T1D samples relative to controls. The total number of these disease-associated TCRβ sequences inversely correlated with age at clinical diagnosis, indicating the potential to use disease-relevant TCR sequences as biomarkers in autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Mitchell
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erin E. Baschal
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen A. McDaniel
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Theodore Fleury
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hyelin Choi
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laura Pyle
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marian J. Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Maki Nakayama
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aaron W. Michels
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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26
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Buhler S, Sollet ZC, Bettens F, Schäfer A, Ansari M, Ferrari-Lacraz S, Villard J. HLA variants and TCR diversity against SARS-CoV-2 in the pre-COVID-19 era. HLA 2023; 102:720-730. [PMID: 37461808 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/11/2023]
Abstract
HLA antigen presentation and T-cell mediated immunity are critical to control acute viral infection such as COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Recent data suggest that both the depth of peptide presentation and the breadth of the T-cell repertoire are associated with disease outcome. It has also been shown that unexposed subjects can develop strong T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 due to heterologous immunity. In this study, we explored the anti-SARS-CoV-2 T-cell repertoire by analyzing previously published T-cell receptor (TCR) CDR3β immunosequencing data in a cohort of 116 healthy donors and in the context of immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 116 recipients collected during the pre-COVID-19 era. For this, 143,310 publicly available SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell sequences were investigated among the 3.5 million clonotypes in the cohort. We also performed HLA class I peptide binding predictions using the reference proteome of the virus and high resolution genotyping data in these patients. We could demonstrate that individuals are fully equipped at the genetic level to recognize SARS-CoV-2. This is evidenced by the 5% median cumulative frequency of clonotypes having their sequence matched to a SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell. In addition, any combination of HLA class I variants in this cohort is associated with a broad capacity of presenting hundreds of SARS-CoV-2 derived peptides. These results could be explained by heterologous immunity and random somatic TCR recombination. We speculate that these observations could explain the efficacy of the specific immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals without risk factors of immunodeficiency and infected prior to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Buhler
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zuleika Calderin Sollet
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florence Bettens
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Schäfer
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Ferrari-Lacraz
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean Villard
- Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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27
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Paramithiotis E, Varaklis C, Pillet S, Shafiani S, Lancelotta MP, Steinhubl S, Sugden S, Clutter M, Montamat-Sicotte D, Chermak T, Crawford SY, Lambert BL, Mattison J, Murphy RL. Integrated antibody and cellular immunity monitoring are required for assessment of the long term protection that will be essential for effective next generation vaccine development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166059. [PMID: 38077383 PMCID: PMC10701527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID pandemic exposed the critical role T cells play in initial immunity, the establishment and maintenance of long term protection, and of durable responsiveness against novel viral variants. A growing body of evidence indicates that adding measures of cellular immunity will fill an important knowledge gap in vaccine clinical trials, likely leading to improvements in the effectiveness of the next generation vaccines against current and emerging variants. In depth cellular immune monitoring in Phase II trials, particularly for high risk populations such as the elderly or immune compromised, should result in better understanding of the dynamics and requirements for establishing effective long term protection. Such analyses can result in cellular immunity correlates that can then be deployed in Phase III studies using appropriate, scalable technologies. Measures of cellular immunity are less established than antibodies as correlates of clinical immunity, and some misconceptions persist about cellular immune monitoring usefulness, cost, complexity, feasibility, and scalability. We outline the currently available cellular immunity assays, review their readiness for use in clinical trials, their logistical requirements, and the type of information each assay generates. The objective is to provide a reliable source of information that could be leveraged to develop a rational approach for comprehensive immune monitoring during vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Steve Steinhubl
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- PhysIQ, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott Sugden
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Infectious Diseases, Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, United States
| | - Matt Clutter
- Research and Development, CellCarta, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Todd Chermak
- Regulatory and Government Affairs, CellCarta, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Y. Crawford
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bruce L. Lambert
- Department of Communication Studies, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - John Mattison
- Health Technology Advisory Board, Arsenal Capital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert L. Murphy
- Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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28
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van de Sandt CE, Nguyen THO, Gherardin NA, Crawford JC, Samir J, Minervina AA, Pogorelyy MV, Rizzetto S, Szeto C, Kaur J, Ranson N, Sonda S, Harper A, Redmond SJ, McQuilten HA, Menon T, Sant S, Jia X, Pedrina K, Karapanagiotidis T, Cain N, Nicholson S, Chen Z, Lim R, Clemens EB, Eltahla A, La Gruta NL, Crowe J, Lappas M, Rossjohn J, Godfrey DI, Thomas PG, Gras S, Flanagan KL, Luciani F, Kedzierska K. Newborn and child-like molecular signatures in older adults stem from TCR shifts across human lifespan. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1890-1907. [PMID: 37749325 PMCID: PMC10602853 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells provide robust antiviral immunity, but how epitope-specific T cells evolve across the human lifespan is unclear. Here we defined CD8+ T cell immunity directed at the prominent influenza epitope HLA-A*02:01-M158-66 (A2/M158) across four age groups at phenotypic, transcriptomic, clonal and functional levels. We identify a linear differentiation trajectory from newborns to children then adults, followed by divergence and a clonal reset in older adults. Gene profiles in older adults closely resemble those of newborns and children, despite being clonally distinct. Only child-derived and adult-derived A2/M158+CD8+ T cells had the potential to differentiate into highly cytotoxic epitope-specific CD8+ T cells, which was linked to highly functional public T cell receptor (TCR)αβ signatures. Suboptimal TCRαβ signatures in older adults led to less proliferation, polyfunctionality, avidity and recognition of peptide mutants, although displayed no signs of exhaustion. These data suggest that priming T cells at different stages of life might greatly affect CD8+ T cell responses toward viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jerome Samir
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mikhail V Pogorelyy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Simone Rizzetto
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Szeto
- Viral and Structural Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jasveen Kaur
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nicole Ranson
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sabrina Sonda
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alice Harper
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley A McQuilten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tejas Menon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sneha Sant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoxiao Jia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Pedrina
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Theo Karapanagiotidis
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Cain
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suellen Nicholson
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhenjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ratana Lim
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Bridie Clemens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Auda Eltahla
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Viral and Structural Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Clifford Craig Foundation, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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29
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Liu S, Bradley P, Sun W. Neural network models for sequence-based TCR and HLA association prediction. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011664. [PMID: 37983288 PMCID: PMC10695368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells rely on their T cell receptors (TCRs) to discern foreign antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins. The TCRs of an individual contain a record of this individual's past immune activities, such as immune response to infections or vaccines. Mining the TCR data may recover useful information or biomarkers for immune related diseases or conditions. Some TCRs are observed only in the individuals with certain HLA alleles, and thus characterizing TCRs requires a thorough understanding of TCR-HLA associations. The extensive diversity of HLA alleles and the rareness of some HLA alleles present a formidable challenge for this task. Existing methods either treat HLA as a categorical variable or represent an HLA by its alphanumeric name, and have limited ability to generalize to the HLAs that are not seen in the training process. To address this challenge, we propose a neural network-based method named Deep learning Prediction of TCR-HLA association (DePTH) to predict TCR-HLA associations based on their amino acid sequences. We demonstrate that DePTH is capable of making reasonable predictions for TCR-HLA associations, even when neither the HLA nor the TCR have been included in the training dataset. Furthermore, we establish that DePTH can be used to quantify the functional similarities among HLA alleles, and that these HLA similarities are associated with the survival outcomes of cancer patients who received immune checkpoint blockade treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Liu
- Biostatistics Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Philip Bradley
- Herbold Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Protein Design. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Wei Sun
- Biostatistics Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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30
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de Boer RJ, Tesselaar K, Borghans JAM. Better safe than sorry: Naive T-cell dynamics in healthy ageing. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101839. [PMID: 37716048 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the functioning of the immune system gradually deteriorates with age, and we are increasingly confronted with its consequences as the life expectancy of the human population increases. Changes in the T-cell pool are among the most prominent features of the changing immune system during healthy ageing, and changes in the naive T-cell pool in particular are generally held responsible for its gradual deterioration. These changes in the naive T-cell pool are thought to be due to involution of the thymus. It is commonly believed that the gradual loss of thymic output induces compensatory mechanisms to maintain the number of naive T cells at a relatively constant level, and induces a loss of diversity in the T-cell repertoire. Here we review the studies that support or challenge this widely-held view of immune ageing and discuss the implications for vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob J de Boer
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kiki Tesselaar
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - José A M Borghans
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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31
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Yu X, Ye J, Hathaway CA, Tworoger S, Lea J, Li B. Quantifiable TCR repertoire changes in pre-diagnostic blood specimens among high-grade ovarian cancer patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.12.562056. [PMID: 37905034 PMCID: PMC10614767 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.12.562056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGOC) is a major cause of death in women. Early detection of HGOC usually leads to a cure, yet it remains a clinical challenge with over 90% HGOCs diagnosed at advanced stages. This is mainly because conventional biomarkers are not sensitive to detect the microscopic yet metastatic early HGOC lesions. In this study, we sequenced the blood T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires of 466 ovarian cancer patients and controls, and systematically investigated the immune repertoire signatures in HGOCs. We observed quantifiable changes of selected TCRs in HGOCs that are reproducible in multiple independent cohorts. Importantly, these changes are stronger during stage I. Using pre-diagnostic patient blood samples from the Nurses' Health Study, we confirmed that HGOC signals can be detected in the blood TCR repertoire up to 4 years proceeding conventional diagnosis. Our findings may provide the basis of an immune-based HGOC early detection criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | | | - Jayanthi Lea
- Department of Gynecology, UT Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
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32
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Heath J, Chen D, Xie J, Choi J, Ng R, Zhang R, Li S, Edmark R, Zheng H, Solomon B, Campbell K, Medina E, Ribas A, Khatri P, Lanier L, Mease P, Goldman J, Su Y. An NKG2A biased immune response confers protection for infection, autoimmune disease, and cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3413673. [PMID: 37886475 PMCID: PMC10602172 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3413673/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Infection, autoimmunity, and cancer are the principal human health challenges of the 21st century and major contributors to human death and disease. Often regarded as distinct ends of the immunological spectrum, recent studies have hinted there may be more overlap between these diseases than appears. For example, pathogenic inflammation has been demonstrated as conserved between infection and autoimmune settings. T resident memory (TRM) cells have been highlighted as beneficial for infection and cancer. However, these findings are limited by patient number and disease scope; exact immunological factors shared across disease remain elusive. Here, we integrate large-scale deeply clinically and biologically phenotyped human cohorts of 526 patients with infection, 162 with lupus, and 11,180 with cancer. We identify an NKG2A+ immune bias as associative with protection against disease severity, mortality, and autoimmune and post-acute chronic disease. We reveal that NKG2A+ CD8+ T cells correlate with reduced inflammation, increased humoral immunity, and resemble TRM cells. Our results suggest that an NKG2A+ bias is a pan-disease immunological factor of protection and thus supports recent suggestions that there is immunological overlap between infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Our findings underscore the promotion of an NKG2A+ biased response as a putative therapeutic strategy.
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Quan Z, Qi A, Ma S, Li Y, Chen H, Yu X, Dong T, Li K, Qiu Y. Altered T-cell receptor β repertoire in adults with SARS CoV-2 inactivated vaccine of BBIBP-CorV. Mol Immunol 2023; 162:54-63. [PMID: 37647774 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the prolonged and widespread epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The inactivated BBIBP-CorV vaccine has shown safety, efficacy and immunogenicity against COVID-19 in in-vitro studies and clinical trials. However, the characteristics changes of the TCRβ repertoire in patients receiving BBIBP-CorV remain unclear. METHODS TCRβ repertoire difference were analyzed between 54 uninfected subjects who received a third dose of the enhanced BBIBP-CorV vaccine and the 16 healthy donors who did not receive the vaccine and 44 COVID-19 patients with different courses of disease (asymptomatic, symptomatic and convalescent). Furthermore, antibody response, anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines also were examined. RESULTS We found that the third dose inactivated coronavirus vaccine induced widespread changes including the increased TCRβ repertoire diversity, a much shorter CDR3 length and high usage of V-J genes segments. Meanwhile, the vaccine-responding clones were also predicted. The results of the antibody response showed that 90.7 % of the vaccinated individuals were positive for NAb seroconversion and 88.9 % for IgG antibody about 60 days after the third dose. The concentration of IL-2 increased significantly compared to baseline inoculation. CONCLUSION Altered TCRβ repertoire in adults with SARS CoV-2 inactivated vaccine of BBIBP-CorV clarified the specific immunity induced by inactivated vaccines. Our research provides insights into the adaptive immune response induced by the new inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and strengthens the development of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Quan
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Translational Medicine Institute of Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihong Qi
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Ma
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Translational Medicine Institute of Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingyan Dong
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kui Li
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Translational Medicine Institute of Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yurong Qiu
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China.
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Miller D, Romero R, Myers L, Xu Y, Arenas-Hernandez M, Galaz J, Soto C, Done B, Quiroz A, Awonuga AO, Bryant DR, Tarca AL, Gomez-Lopez N. Immunosequencing and Profiling of T Cells at the Maternal-Fetal Interface of Women with Preterm Labor and Chronic Chorioamnionitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1082-1098. [PMID: 37647360 PMCID: PMC10528178 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
T cells are implicated in the pathophysiology of preterm labor and birth, the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Specifically, maternal decidual T cells infiltrate the chorioamniotic membranes in chronic chorioamnionitis (CCA), a placental lesion considered to reflect maternal anti-fetal rejection, leading to preterm labor and birth. However, the phenotype and TCR repertoire of decidual T cells in women with preterm labor and CCA have not been investigated. In this study, we used phenotyping, TCR sequencing, and functional assays to elucidate the molecular characteristics and Ag specificity of T cells infiltrating the chorioamniotic membranes in women with CCA who underwent term or preterm labor. Phenotyping indicated distinct enrichment of human decidual effector memory T cell subsets in cases of preterm labor with CCA without altered regulatory T cell proportions. TCR sequencing revealed that the T cell repertoire of CCA is characterized by increased TCR richness and decreased clonal expansion in women with preterm labor. We identified 15 clones associated with CCA and compared these against established TCR databases, reporting that infiltrating T cells may possess specificity for maternal and fetal Ags, but not common viral Ags. Functional assays demonstrated that choriodecidual T cells can respond to maternal and fetal Ags. Collectively, our findings provide, to our knowledge, novel insight into the complex processes underlying chronic placental inflammation and further support a role for effector T cells in the mechanisms of disease for preterm labor and birth. Moreover, this work further strengthens the contribution of adaptive immunity to the syndromic nature of preterm labor and birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Miller
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Luke Myers
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Marcia Arenas-Hernandez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Jose Galaz
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile
| | - Cinque Soto
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Bogdan Done
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Angelica Quiroz
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Awoniyi O. Awonuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - David R. Bryant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, MI, 48201, and Bethesda, MD, 20892 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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Fast E, Dhar M, Chen B. TAPIR: a T-cell receptor language model for predicting rare and novel targets. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.12.557285. [PMID: 37745475 PMCID: PMC10515850 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
T-cell receptors (TCRs) are involved in most human diseases, but linking their sequences with their targets remains an unsolved grand challenge in the field. In this study, we present TAPIR (T-cell receptor and Peptide Interaction Recognizer), a T-cell receptor (TCR) language model that predicts TCR-target interactions, with a focus on novel and rare targets. TAPIR employs deep convolutional neural network (CNN) encoders to process TCR and target sequences across flexible representations (e.g., beta-chain only, unknown MHC allele, etc.) and learns patterns of interactivity via several training tasks. This flexibility allows TAPIR to train on more than 50k either paired (alpha and beta chain) or unpaired TCRs (just alpha or beta chain) from public and proprietary databases against 1933 unique targets. TAPIR demonstrates state-of-the-art performance when predicting TCR interactivity against common benchmark targets and is the first method to demonstrate strong performance when predicting TCR interactivity against novel targets, where no examples are provided in training. TAPIR is also capable of predicting TCR interaction against MHC alleles in the absence of target information. Leveraging these capabilities, we apply TAPIR to cancer patient TCR repertoires and identify and validate a novel and potent anti-cancer T-cell receptor against a shared cancer neoantigen target (PIK3CA H1047L). We further show how TAPIR, when extended with a generative neural network, is capable of directly designing T-cell receptor sequences that interact with a target of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Fast
- Vcreate, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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Bravi B, Di Gioacchino A, Fernandez-de-Cossio-Diaz J, Walczak AM, Mora T, Cocco S, Monasson R. A transfer-learning approach to predict antigen immunogenicity and T-cell receptor specificity. eLife 2023; 12:e85126. [PMID: 37681658 PMCID: PMC10522340 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen immunogenicity and the specificity of binding of T-cell receptors to antigens are key properties underlying effective immune responses. Here we propose diffRBM, an approach based on transfer learning and Restricted Boltzmann Machines, to build sequence-based predictive models of these properties. DiffRBM is designed to learn the distinctive patterns in amino-acid composition that, on the one hand, underlie the antigen's probability of triggering a response, and on the other hand the T-cell receptor's ability to bind to a given antigen. We show that the patterns learnt by diffRBM allow us to predict putative contact sites of the antigen-receptor complex. We also discriminate immunogenic and non-immunogenic antigens, antigen-specific and generic receptors, reaching performances that compare favorably to existing sequence-based predictors of antigen immunogenicity and T-cell receptor specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bravi
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Andrea Di Gioacchino
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Jorge Fernandez-de-Cossio-Diaz
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Aleksandra M Walczak
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Thierry Mora
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Simona Cocco
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
| | - Rémi Monasson
- Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-CitéParisFrance
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Shapiro MR, Dong X, Perry DJ, McNichols JM, Thirawatananond P, Posgai AL, Peters LD, Motwani K, Musca RS, Muir A, Concannon P, Jacobsen LM, Mathews CE, Wasserfall CH, Haller MJ, Schatz DA, Atkinson MA, Brusko MA, Bacher R, Brusko TM. Human immune phenotyping reveals accelerated aging in type 1 diabetes. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e170767. [PMID: 37498686 PMCID: PMC10544250 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.170767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportions and phenotypes of immune cell subsets in peripheral blood undergo continual and dramatic remodeling throughout the human life span, which complicates efforts to identify disease-associated immune signatures in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We conducted cross-sectional flow cytometric immune profiling on peripheral blood from 826 individuals (stage 3 T1D, their first-degree relatives, those with ≥2 islet autoantibodies, and autoantibody-negative unaffected controls). We constructed an immune age predictive model in unaffected participants and observed accelerated immune aging in T1D. We used generalized additive models for location, shape, and scale to obtain age-corrected data for flow cytometry and complete blood count readouts, which can be visualized in our interactive portal (ImmScape); 46 parameters were significantly associated with age only, 25 with T1D only, and 23 with both age and T1D. Phenotypes associated with accelerated immunological aging in T1D included increased CXCR3+ and programmed cell death 1-positive (PD-1+) frequencies in naive and memory T cell subsets, despite reduced PD-1 expression levels on memory T cells. Phenotypes associated with T1D after age correction were predictive of T1D status. Our findings demonstrate advanced immune aging in T1D and highlight disease-associated phenotypes for biomarker monitoring and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R. Shapiro
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Xiaoru Dong
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel J. Perry
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - James M. McNichols
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Puchong Thirawatananond
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Amanda L. Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Leeana D. Peters
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Keshav Motwani
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Richard S. Musca
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Andrew Muir
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Patrick Concannon
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
- Genetics Institute and
| | - Laura M. Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Clayton E. Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Clive H. Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Michael J. Haller
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Desmond A. Schatz
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark A. Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maigan A. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
| | - Rhonda Bacher
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Todd M. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, and
- Diabetes Institute and
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Miao Y, Shi Z, Zhang W, Zhu L, Tang S, Chen H, Wang X, Du Q, Li S, Zhang Y, Luo W, Jin X, Fang M, Zhou H. Immune Repertoire Profiling Reveals Its Clinical Application Potential and Triggers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2023; 10:e200134. [PMID: 37414573 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is widely recognized as a CNS demyelinating disease associated with AQP4-IgG (T cell-dependent antibody), and its trigger is still unclear. In addition, although the treatment of NMOSD currently can rely on traditional immunosuppressive and modulating agents, effective methods to predict the efficacy of these therapeutics are lacking. METHODS In this study, high-throughput T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing was performed on peripheral blood from 151 pretreatment patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and 151 healthy individuals. We compared the TCR repertoire of those with NMOSD with that of healthy individuals and identified TCR clones that were significantly enriched in NMOSD. In addition, we treated 28 patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD with immunosuppressants and followed up for 6 months to compare changes in NMOSD-specific TCRs (NMOSD-TCRs) before and after treatment. Moreover, we analyzed transcriptome and single-cell B-cell receptor (BCR) data from public databases and performed T-cell activation experiments using antigenic epitopes of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to further explore the triggers of AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD had significantly reduced diversity and shorter CDR3 length of TCRβ repertoire. Furthermore, we identified 597 NMOSD-TCRs with a high sequence similarity that have the potential to be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of NMOSD. The characterization of NMOSD-TCRs and pathology-associated clonotype annotation indicated that the occurrence of AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD may be associated with CMV infection, which was further corroborated by transcriptome and single-cell BCR analysis results from public databases and T-cell activation experiments. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the occurrence of AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD may be associated with CMV infection. In conclusion, our study provides new clues to uncover the causative factors of AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and provides a theoretical foundation for treating and monitoring the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Miao
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Ziyan Shi
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Qin Du
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
| | - Shuaicheng Li
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Wenqin Luo
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China
| | - Xin Jin
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
| | - Mingyan Fang
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- From the College of Life Sciences (M., X.J.), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Department of Neurology (Z.S., L.Z., S.T., H.C., X.W., Q.D., Y.Z., W.L., M.F., H.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; and City University of Hong Kong (W.Z., S.L.), Shenzhen Research Institute, China.
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39
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Rosenberg MI, Greenstein E, Buchkovich M, Peres A, Santoni-Rugiu E, Yang L, Mikl M, Vaksman Z, Gibbs DL, Reshef D, Salovin A, Irwin MS, Naranjo A, Ulitsky I, de Alarcon PA, Matthay KK, Weigman V, Yaari G, Panzer JA, Friedman N, Maris JM. Polyclonal lymphoid expansion drives paraneoplastic autoimmunity in neuroblastoma. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112879. [PMID: 37537844 PMCID: PMC10551040 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a lethal childhood solid tumor of developing peripheral nerves. Two percent of children with neuroblastoma develop opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS), a paraneoplastic disease characterized by cerebellar and brainstem-directed autoimmunity but typically with outstanding cancer-related outcomes. We compared tumor transcriptomes and tumor-infiltrating T and B cell repertoires from 38 OMAS subjects with neuroblastoma to 26 non-OMAS-associated neuroblastomas. We found greater B and T cell infiltration in OMAS-associated tumors compared to controls and showed that both were polyclonal expansions. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) were enriched in OMAS-associated tumors. We identified significant enrichment of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II allele HLA-DOB∗01:01 in OMAS patients. OMAS severity scores were associated with the expression of several candidate autoimmune genes. We propose a model in which polyclonal auto-reactive B lymphocytes act as antigen-presenting cells and drive TLS formation, thereby supporting both sustained polyclonal T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity and paraneoplastic OMAS neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam I Rosenberg
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Erez Greenstein
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | | | - Ayelet Peres
- Bio-engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel; Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eric Santoni-Rugiu
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lei Yang
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Martin Mikl
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | | | - David L Gibbs
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dan Reshef
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Amy Salovin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Hematology-Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Arlene Naranjo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Children's Oncology Group Statistics & Data Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Immunology & Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Pedro A de Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - Katherine K Matthay
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Gur Yaari
- Bio-engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel; Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jessica A Panzer
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nir Friedman
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - John M Maris
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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40
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Hudson D, Fernandes RA, Basham M, Ogg G, Koohy H. Can we predict T cell specificity with digital biology and machine learning? Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:511-521. [PMID: 36755161 PMCID: PMC9908307 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00835-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in machine learning and experimental biology have offered breakthrough solutions to problems such as protein structure prediction that were long thought to be intractable. However, despite the pivotal role of the T cell receptor (TCR) in orchestrating cellular immunity in health and disease, computational reconstruction of a reliable map from a TCR to its cognate antigens remains a holy grail of systems immunology. Current data sets are limited to a negligible fraction of the universe of possible TCR-ligand pairs, and performance of state-of-the-art predictive models wanes when applied beyond these known binders. In this Perspective article, we make the case for renewed and coordinated interdisciplinary effort to tackle the problem of predicting TCR-antigen specificity. We set out the general requirements of predictive models of antigen binding, highlight critical challenges and discuss how recent advances in digital biology such as single-cell technology and machine learning may provide possible solutions. Finally, we describe how predicting TCR specificity might contribute to our understanding of the broader puzzle of antigen immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hudson
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Didcot, UK
| | - Ricardo A Fernandes
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hashem Koohy
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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41
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Myronov A, Mazzocco G, Król P, Plewczynski D. BERTrand-peptide:TCR binding prediction using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers augmented with random TCR pairing. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad468. [PMID: 37535685 PMCID: PMC10444968 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The advent of T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing experiments allowed for a significant increase in the amount of peptide:TCR binding data available and a number of machine-learning models appeared in recent years. High-quality prediction models for a fixed epitope sequence are feasible, provided enough known binding TCR sequences are available. However, their performance drops significantly for previously unseen peptides. RESULTS We prepare the dataset of known peptide:TCR binders and augment it with negative decoys created using healthy donors' T-cell repertoires. We employ deep learning methods commonly applied in Natural Language Processing to train part a peptide:TCR binding model with a degree of cross-peptide generalization (0.69 AUROC). We demonstrate that BERTrand outperforms the published methods when evaluated on peptide sequences not used during model training. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The datasets and the code for model training are available at https://github.com/SFGLab/bertrand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Myronov
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Ardigen, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Dariusz Plewczynski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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42
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Ostmeyer J, Park JY, von Itzstein MS, Hsiehchen D, Fattah F, Gwin M, Catalan R, Khan S, Raj P, Wakeland EK, Xie Y, Gerber DE. T-cell tolerant fraction as a predictor of immune-related adverse events. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006437. [PMID: 37580069 PMCID: PMC10432621 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies may cause unpredictable and potentially severe autoimmune toxicities termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Because T cells mediate ICI effects, T cell profiling may provide insight into the risk of irAEs. Here we evaluate a novel metric-the T-cell tolerant fraction-as a predictor of future irAEs. METHODS We examined T-cell receptor beta (TRB) locus sequencing from baseline pretreatment samples from an institutional registry and previously published studies. For each patient, we used TRB sequences to calculate the T-cell tolerant fraction, which was then assessed as a predictor of future irAEs (classified as Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event grade 0-1 vs grade ≥2). We then compared the tolerant fraction to TRB clonality and diversity. Finally, the tolerant fraction was assessed on (1) T cells enriched against napsin A, a potential autoantigen of irAEs; (2) thymic versus peripheral blood T cells; and (3) TRBs specific for various infections and autoimmune diseases. RESULTS A total of 77 patients with cancer (22 from an institutional registry and 55 from published studies) receiving ICI therapy (43 CTLA4, 19 PD1/PDL1, 15 combination CTLA4+PD1/PDL1) were included in the study. The tolerant fraction was significantly lower in cases with clinically significant irAEs (p<0.001) and had an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.79. The tolerant fraction was lower for each ICI treatment category, reaching statistical significance for CTLA4 (p<0.001) and demonstrating non-significant trends for PD1/PDL1 (p=0.21) and combination ICI (p=0.18). The tolerant fraction for T cells enriched against napsin A was lower than other samples. The tolerant fraction was also lower in thymic versus peripheral blood samples, and lower in some (multiple sclerosis) but not other (type 1 diabetes) autoimmune diseases. In our study cohort, TRB clonality had an AUC of 0.62, and TRB diversity had an AUC of 0.60 for predicting irAEs. CONCLUSIONS Among patients receiving ICI, the baseline T-cell tolerant fraction may serve as a predictor of clinically significant irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Ostmeyer
- Peter O'Donnell School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mitchell S von Itzstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - David Hsiehchen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Farjana Fattah
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Gwin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rodrigo Catalan
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shaheen Khan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Peter O'Donnell School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - David E Gerber
- Peter O'Donnell School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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43
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DeWolf S, Elhanati Y, Nichols K, Waters NR, Nguyen CL, Slingerland JB, Rodriguez N, Lyudovyk O, Giardina PA, Kousa AI, Andrlová H, Ceglia N, Fei T, Kappagantula R, Li Y, Aleynick N, Baez P, Murali R, Hayashi A, Lee N, Gipson B, Rangesa M, Katsamakis Z, Dai A, Blouin AG, Arcila M, Masilionis I, Chaligne R, Ponce DM, Landau HJ, Politikos I, Tamari R, Hanash AM, Jenq RR, Giralt SA, Markey KA, Zhang Y, Perales MA, Socci ND, Greenbaum BD, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Hollmann TJ, van den Brink MR, Peled JU. Tissue-specific features of the T cell repertoire after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in human and mouse. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq0476. [PMID: 37494469 PMCID: PMC10758167 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
T cells are the central drivers of many inflammatory diseases, but the repertoire of tissue-resident T cells at sites of pathology in human organs remains poorly understood. We examined the site-specificity of T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires across tissues (5 to 18 tissues per patient) in prospectively collected autopsies of patients with and without graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a potentially lethal tissue-targeting complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and in mouse models of GVHD. Anatomic similarity between tissues was a key determinant of TCR repertoire composition within patients, independent of disease or transplant status. The T cells recovered from peripheral blood and spleens in patients and mice captured a limited portion of the TCR repertoire detected in tissues. Whereas few T cell clones were shared across patients, motif-based clustering revealed shared repertoire signatures across patients in a tissue-specific fashion. T cells at disease sites had a tissue-resident phenotype and were of donor origin based on single-cell chimerism analysis. These data demonstrate the complex composition of T cell populations that persist in human tissues at the end stage of an inflammatory disorder after lymphocyte-directed therapy. These findings also underscore the importance of studying T cell in tissues rather than blood for tissue-based pathologies and suggest the tissue-specific nature of both the endogenous and posttransplant T cell landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan DeWolf
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuval Elhanati
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Nichols
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Waters
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chi L. Nguyen
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John B. Slingerland
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natasia Rodriguez
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olga Lyudovyk
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul A. Giardina
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anastasia I. Kousa
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hana Andrlová
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nick Ceglia
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Teng Fei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajya Kappagantula
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanyun Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan Aleynick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Priscilla Baez
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajmohan Murali
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akimasa Hayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Kyorin University, Mitaka City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nicole Lee
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brianna Gipson
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madhumitha Rangesa
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zoe Katsamakis
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anqi Dai
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda G. Blouin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Arcila
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ignas Masilionis
- Program for Computational and System Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronan Chaligne
- Program for Computational and System Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doris M. Ponce
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather J. Landau
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ioannis Politikos
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roni Tamari
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan M. Hanash
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Departments of Genomic Medicine and Stem Cell Transplantation Cellular Therapy, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sergio A. Giralt
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kate A. Markey
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel-Angel Perales
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Socci
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Greenbaum
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics & Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Travis J. Hollmann
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08540
| | - Marcel R.M. van den Brink
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan U. Peled
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Bujak J, Kłęk S, Balawejder M, Kociniak A, Wilkus K, Szatanek R, Orzeszko Z, Welanyk J, Torbicz G, Jęckowski M, Kucharczyk T, Wohadlo Ł, Borys M, Stadnik H, Wysocki M, Kayser M, Słomka ME, Kosmowska A, Horbacka K, Gach T, Markowska B, Kowalczyk T, Karoń J, Karczewski M, Szura M, Sanecka-Duin A, Blum A. Creating an Innovative Artificial Intelligence-Based Technology (TCRact) for Designing and Optimizing T Cell Receptors for Use in Cancer Immunotherapies: Protocol for an Observational Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45872. [PMID: 37440307 PMCID: PMC10375398 DOI: 10.2196/45872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer continues to be the leading cause of mortality in high-income countries, necessitating the development of more precise and effective treatment modalities. Immunotherapy, specifically adoptive cell transfer of T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells (TCR-T therapy), has shown promise in engaging the immune system for cancer treatment. One of the biggest challenges in the development of TCR-T therapies is the proper prediction of the pairing between TCRs and peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLAs). Modern computational immunology, using artificial intelligence (AI)-based platforms, provides the means to optimize the speed and accuracy of TCR screening and discovery. OBJECTIVE This study proposes an observational clinical trial protocol to collect patient samples and generate a database of pHLA:TCR sequences to aid the development of an AI-based platform for efficient selection of specific TCRs. METHODS The multicenter observational study, involving 8 participating hospitals, aims to enroll patients diagnosed with stage II, III, or IV colorectal cancer adenocarcinoma. RESULTS Patient recruitment has recently been completed, with 100 participants enrolled. Primary tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples have been obtained, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been isolated and cryopreserved. Nucleic acid extraction (DNA and RNA) has been performed in 86 cases. Additionally, 57 samples underwent whole exome sequencing to determine the presence of somatic mutations and RNA sequencing for gene expression profiling. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may have a significant impact on the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. The comprehensive database of pHLA:TCR sequences generated through this observational clinical trial will facilitate the development of the AI-based platform for TCR selection. The results obtained thus far demonstrate successful patient recruitment and sample collection, laying the foundation for further analysis and the development of an innovative tool to expedite and enhance TCR selection for precision cancer treatments. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04994093; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04994093. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/45872.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bujak
- Ardigen SA, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Stanisław Kłęk
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Zofia Orzeszko
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Brothers Hospitallers Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Welanyk
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Torbicz
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jęckowski
- Colon Cancer Unit, Department of Oncological Surgery, Voivodeship Multi-Specialist Center for Oncology and Traumatology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kucharczyk
- Holy Cross Cancer Center Clinic of Clinical Oncology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wohadlo
- Department of General Surgery, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Maciej Borys
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Honorata Stadnik
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, University Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Wysocki
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kayser
- General and Colorectal Surgery Department, J Struś Multispecialist Municipal Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Ewa Słomka
- Colon Cancer Unit, Department of Oncological Surgery, Voivodeship Multi-Specialist Center for Oncology and Traumatology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Kosmowska
- General and Colorectal Surgery Department, J Struś Multispecialist Municipal Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Horbacka
- General and Colorectal Surgery Department, J Struś Multispecialist Municipal Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gach
- Surgical Clinic Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beata Markowska
- Surgical Clinic Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of General Surgery, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jacek Karoń
- General and Colorectal Surgery Department, J Struś Multispecialist Municipal Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Karczewski
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, University Hospital, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mirosław Szura
- Surgical Clinic Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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Xu J, Li XX, Yuan N, Li C, Yang JG, Cheng LM, Lu ZX, Hou HY, Zhang B, Hu H, Qian Y, Liu XX, Li GC, Wang YD, Chu M, Dong CR, Liu F, Ge QG, Yang YJ. T cell receptor β repertoires in patients with COVID-19 reveal disease severity signatures. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190844. [PMID: 37475855 PMCID: PMC10355153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are crucial in maintaining a delicate balance between protective effects and harmful pathological reactions that drive the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). T cells play a significant role in adaptive antiviral immune responses, making it valuable to investigate the heterogeneity and diversity of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in COVID-19 patients with varying disease severity. Methods In this study, we employed high-throughput T cell receptor (TCR) β repertoire sequencing to analyze TCR profiles in the peripheral blood of 192 patients with COVID-19, including those with moderate, severe, or critical symptoms, and compared them with 81 healthy controls. We specifically focused on SARS-CoV-2-associated TCR clonotypes. Results We observed a decrease in the diversity of TCR clonotypes in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. However, the overall abundance of dominant clones increased with disease severity. Additionally, we identified significant differences in the genomic rearrangement of variable (V), joining (J), and VJ pairings between the patient groups. Furthermore, the SARS-CoV-2-associated TCRs we identified enabled accurate differentiation between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls (AUC > 0.98) and distinguished those with moderate symptoms from those with more severe forms of the disease (AUC > 0.8). These findings suggest that TCR repertoires can serve as informative biomarkers for monitoring COVID-19 progression. Conclusions Our study provides valuable insights into TCR repertoire signatures that can be utilized to assess host immunity to COVID-19. These findings have important implications for the use of TCR β repertoires in monitoring disease development and indicating disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital & National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-xiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital & National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-ming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong-xin Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-yan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-xuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-chao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-dan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Chao-ran Dong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qing-gang Ge
- Department of Pharmacy and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital & National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Konstantinovsky T, Yaari G. A novel approach to T-cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) repertoire encoding using lossless string compression. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad426. [PMID: 37417959 PMCID: PMC10348835 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION T-cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) repertoires are crucial for understanding immune responses. However, their high diversity and complexity present significant challenges in representation and analysis. The main motivation of this study is to develop a unified and compact representation of a TCRB repertoire that can efficiently capture its inherent complexity and diversity and allow for direct inference. RESULTS We introduce a novel approach to TCRB repertoire encoding and analysis, leveraging the Lempel-Ziv 76 algorithm. This approach allows us to create a graph-like model, identify-specific sequence features, and produce a new encoding approach for an individual's repertoire. The proposed representation enables various applications, including generation probability inference, informative feature vector derivation, sequence generation, a new measure for diversity estimation, and a new sequence centrality measure. The approach was applied to four large-scale public TCRB sequencing datasets, demonstrating its potential for a wide range of applications in big biological sequencing data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Python package for implementation is available https://github.com/MuteJester/LZGraphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Konstantinovsky
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
- Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Gur Yaari
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
- Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
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Lee MH, Theodoropoulos J, Huuhtanen J, Bhattacharya D, Järvinen P, Tornberg S, Nísen H, Mirtti T, Uski I, Kumari A, Peltonen K, Draghi A, Donia M, Kreutzman A, Mustjoki S. Immunologic Characterization and T cell Receptor Repertoires of Expanded Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1260-1276. [PMID: 37484198 PMCID: PMC10361538 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The successful use of expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in adoptive TIL therapies has been reported, but the effects of the TIL expansion, immunophenotype, function, and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of the infused products relative to the tumor microenvironment (TME) are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the tumor samples (n = 58) from treatment-naïve patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), "pre-rapidly expanded" TILs (pre-REP TIL, n = 15) and "rapidly expanded" TILs (REP TIL, n = 25) according to a clinical-grade TIL production protocol, with single-cell RNA (scRNA)+TCRαβ-seq (TCRαβ sequencing), TCRβ-sequencing (TCRβ-seq), and flow cytometry. REP TILs encompassed a greater abundance of CD4+ than CD8+ T cells, with increased LAG-3 and low PD-1 expressions in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments compared with the pre-REP TIL and tumor T cells. The REP protocol preferentially expanded small clones of the CD4+ phenotype (CD4, IL7R, KLRB1) in the TME, indicating that the largest exhausted T cell clones in the tumor do not expand during the expansion protocol. In addition, by generating a catalog of RCC-associated TCR motifs from >1,000 scRNA+TCRαβ-seq and TCRβ-seq RCC, healthy and other cancer sample cohorts, we quantified the RCC-associated TCRs from the expansion protocol. Unlike the low-remaining amount of anti-viral TCRs throughout the expansion, the quantity of the RCC-associated TCRs was high in the tumors and pre-REP TILs but decreased in the REP TILs. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the origin, phenotype, and TCR specificity of RCC TIL products, paving the way for a more rationalized production of TILs. Significance TILs are a heterogenous group of immune cells that recognize and attack the tumor, thus are utilized in various clinical trials. In our study, we explored the TILs in patients with kidney cancer by expanding the TILs using a clinical-grade protocol, as well as observed their characteristics and ability to recognize the tumor using in-depth experimental and computational tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Hee Lee
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason Theodoropoulos
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Dipabarna Bhattacharya
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petrus Järvinen
- Abdominal Center, Urology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Tornberg
- Abdominal Center, Urology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harry Nísen
- Abdominal Center, Urology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ilona Uski
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anita Kumari
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karita Peltonen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arianna Draghi
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Donia
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anna Kreutzman
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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48
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DeBoy EA, Tassia MG, Schratz KE, Yan SM, Cosner ZL, McNally EJ, Gable DL, Xiang Z, Lombard DB, Antonarakis ES, Gocke CD, McCoy RC, Armanios M. Familial Clonal Hematopoiesis in a Long Telomere Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:2422-2433. [PMID: 37140166 PMCID: PMC10501156 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere shortening is a well-characterized cellular aging mechanism, and short telomere syndromes cause age-related disease. However, whether long telomere length is advantageous is poorly understood. METHODS We examined the clinical and molecular features of aging and cancer in persons carrying heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the telomere-related gene POT1 and noncarrier relatives. RESULTS A total of 17 POT1 mutation carriers and 21 noncarrier relatives were initially included in the study, and a validation cohort of 6 additional mutation carriers was subsequently recruited. A majority of the POT1 mutation carriers with telomere length evaluated (9 of 13) had long telomeres (>99th percentile). POT1 mutation carriers had a range of benign and malignant neoplasms involving epithelial, mesenchymal, and neuronal tissues in addition to B- and T-cell lymphoma and myeloid cancers. Five of 18 POT1 mutation carriers (28%) had T-cell clonality, and 8 of 12 (67%) had clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. A predisposition to clonal hematopoiesis had an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, as well as penetrance that increased with age; somatic DNMT3A and JAK2 hotspot mutations were common. These and other somatic driver mutations probably arose in the first decades of life, and their lineages secondarily accumulated a higher mutation burden characterized by a clocklike signature. Successive generations showed genetic anticipation (i.e., an increasingly early onset of disease). In contrast to noncarrier relatives, who had the typical telomere shortening with age, POT1 mutation carriers maintained telomere length over the course of 2 years. CONCLUSIONS POT1 mutations associated with long telomere length conferred a predisposition to a familial clonal hematopoiesis syndrome that was associated with a range of benign and malignant solid neoplasms. The risk of these phenotypes was mediated by extended cellular longevity and by the capacity to maintain telomeres over time. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A DeBoy
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Michael G Tassia
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Kristen E Schratz
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Stephanie M Yan
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Zoe L Cosner
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Emily J McNally
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Dustin L Gable
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Zhimin Xiang
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - David B Lombard
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Christopher D Gocke
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Rajiv C McCoy
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
| | - Mary Armanios
- From the Departments of Oncology (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Pathology (C.D.G., M.A.), and Genetic Medicine (M.A.), the Medical Scientist Training Program (E.A.D.), the Telomere Center (E.A.D., K.E.S., Z.L.C., E.J.M., Z.X., M.A.), and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.E.S., E.S.A., C.D.G., M.A.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University (M.G.T., S.M.Y., R.C.M.) - both in Baltimore; the Child Neurology Residency Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston (D.L.G.); the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami (D.B.L.); and the Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis (E.S.A.)
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49
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Milighetti M, Peng Y, Tan C, Mark M, Nageswaran G, Byrne S, Ronel T, Peacock T, Mayer A, Chandran A, Rosenheim J, Whelan M, Yao X, Liu G, Felce SL, Dong T, Mentzer AJ, Knight JC, Balloux F, Greenstein E, Reich-Zeliger S, Pade C, Gibbons JM, Semper A, Brooks T, Otter A, Altmann DM, Boyton RJ, Maini MK, McKnight A, Manisty C, Treibel TA, Moon JC, Noursadeghi M, Chain B. Large clones of pre-existing T cells drive early immunity against SARS-COV-2 and LCMV infection. iScience 2023; 26:106937. [PMID: 37275518 PMCID: PMC10201888 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell responses precede antibody and may provide early control of infection. We analyzed the clonal basis of this rapid response following SARS-COV-2 infection. We applied T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to define the trajectories of individual T cell clones immediately. In SARS-COV-2 PCR+ individuals, a wave of TCRs strongly but transiently expand, frequently peaking the same week as the first positive PCR test. These expanding TCR CDR3s were enriched for sequences functionally annotated as SARS-COV-2 specific. Epitopes recognized by the expanding TCRs were highly conserved between SARS-COV-2 strains but not with circulating human coronaviruses. Many expanding CDR3s were present at high frequency in pre-pandemic repertoires. Early response TCRs specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus epitopes were also found at high frequency in the preinfection naive repertoire. High-frequency naive precursors may allow the T cell response to respond rapidly during the crucial early phases of acute viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Milighetti
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Yanchun Peng
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cedric Tan
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Michal Mark
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gayathri Nageswaran
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Suzanne Byrne
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tahel Ronel
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tom Peacock
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andreas Mayer
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Aneesh Chandran
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joshua Rosenheim
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew Whelan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Xuan Yao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guihai Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Suet Ling Felce
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Julian C Knight
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francois Balloux
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erez Greenstein
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Shlomit Reich-Zeliger
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Corinna Pade
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Joseph M Gibbons
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Amanda Semper
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Tim Brooks
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Ashley Otter
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Daniel M Altmann
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Rosemary J Boyton
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Lung Division, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mala K Maini
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Aine McKnight
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Charlotte Manisty
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Thomas A Treibel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - James C Moon
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mahdad Noursadeghi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Benny Chain
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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50
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Paschold L, Gottschick C, Langer S, Klee B, Diexer S, Aksentijevich I, Schultheiß C, Purschke O, Riese P, Trittel S, Haase R, Dressler F, Eberl W, Hübner J, Strowig T, Guzman CA, Mikolajczyk R, Binder M. T cell repertoire breadth is associated with the number of acute respiratory infections in the LoewenKIDS birth cohort. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9516. [PMID: 37308563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We set out to gain insight into peripheral blood B and T cell repertoires from 120 infants of the LoewenKIDS birth cohort to investigate potential determinants of early life respiratory infections. Low antigen-dependent somatic hypermutation of B cell repertoires, as well as low T and B cell repertoire clonality, high diversity, and high richness especially in public T cell clonotypes reflected the immunological naivety at 12 months of age when high thymic and bone marrow output are associated with relatively few prior antigen encounters. Infants with inadequately low T cell repertoire diversity or high clonality showed higher numbers of acute respiratory infections over the first 4 years of life. No correlation of T or B cell repertoire metrics with other parameters such as sex, birth mode, older siblings, pets, the onset of daycare, or duration of breast feeding was noted. Together, this study supports that-regardless of T cell functionality-the breadth of the T cell repertoire is associated with the number of acute respiratory infections in the first 4 years of life. Moreover, this study provides a valuable resource of millions of T and B cell receptor sequences from infants with available metadata for researchers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Paschold
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susan Langer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bianca Klee
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Diexer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Schultheiß
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Oliver Purschke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Peggy Riese
- Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Trittel
- Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roland Haase
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hospital St. Elisabeth und St. Barbara, 06110, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Dressler
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Eberl
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Braunschweig, 38118, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johannes Hübner
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig- Maximilians-University Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlos A Guzman
- Department Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Medical School of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mascha Binder
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 40314031, Basel, Switzerland.
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