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Deogharia M, Gurha P. Epigenetic regulation of heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol 2024; 39:371-379. [PMID: 38606626 PMCID: PMC11150090 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The studies on chromatin-modifying enzymes and how they respond to different stimuli within the cell have revolutionized our understanding of epigenetics. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent studies on epigenetic mechanisms implicated in heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS We focus on the major mechanisms and the conceptual advances in epigenetics as evidenced by studies in humans and mouse models of heart failure. The significance of epigenetic modifications and the enzymes that catalyze them is also discussed. New findings from the studies of histone lysine demethylases demonstrate their significance in regulating fetal gene expression, as well as their aberrant expression in adult hearts during HF. Similarly, the relevance of histone deacetylases inhibition in heart failure and the role of HDAC6 in cardio-protection are discussed. Finally, the role of LMNA (lamin A/C), a nuclear membrane protein that interacts with chromatin to form hundreds of large chromatin domains known as lamin-associated domains (LADs), and 3D genome structure in epigenetic regulation of gene expression and heart failure is discussed. SUMMARY Epigenetic modifications provide a mechanism for responding to stress and environmental variation, enabling reactions to both external and internal stimuli, and their dysregulation can be pathological as in heart failure. To gain a thorough understanding of the pathological mechanisms and to aid in the development of targeted treatments for heart failure, future research on studying the combined effects of numerous epigenetic changes and the structure of chromatin is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Deogharia
- Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Ma YL, Kong CY, Guo Z, Wang MY, Wang P, Liu FY, Yang D, Yang Z, Tang QZ. Semaglutide ameliorates cardiac remodeling in male mice by optimizing energy substrate utilization through the Creb5/NR4a1 axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4757. [PMID: 38834564 PMCID: PMC11150406 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is clinically used as a glucose-lowering and weight loss medication due to its effects on energy metabolism. In heart failure, energy production is impaired due to altered mitochondrial function and increased glycolysis. However, the impact of semaglutide on cardiomyocyte metabolism under pressure overload remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that semaglutide improves cardiac function and reduces hypertrophy and fibrosis in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced heart failure. Semaglutide preserves mitochondrial structure and function under chronic stress. Metabolomics reveals that semaglutide reduces mitochondrial damage, lipid accumulation, and ATP deficiency by promoting pyruvate entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increasing fatty acid oxidation. Transcriptional analysis shows that semaglutide regulates myocardial energy metabolism through the Creb5/NR4a1 axis in the PI3K/AKT pathway, reducing NR4a1 expression and its translocation to mitochondria. NR4a1 knockdown ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in the heart. These findings suggest that semaglutide may be a therapeutic agent for improving cardiac remodeling by modulating energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Ming-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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Guo YJ, Yao JJ, Guo ZZ, Ding M, Zhang KL, Shen QH, Li Y, Yu SF, Wan T, Xu FP, Wang Y, Qi XX, Wu JJ, Chen JX, Liu ZQ, Lu LL. HBB contributes to individualized aconitine-induced cardiotoxicity in mice via interfering with ABHD5/AMPK/HDAC4 axis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1224-1236. [PMID: 38467717 PMCID: PMC11130212 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (Fuzi) is an herbal medicine used in China that exerts significant efficacy in rescuing patients from severe diseases. A key toxic compound in Fuzi, aconitine (AC), could trigger unpredictable cardiotoxicities with high-individualization, thus hinders safe application of Fuzi. In this study we investigated the individual differences of AC-induced cardiotoxicities, the biomarkers and underlying mechanisms. Diversity Outbred (DO) mice were used as a genetically heterogeneous model for mimicking individualization clinically. The mice were orally administered AC (0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) for 7 d. We found that AC-triggered cardiotoxicities in DO mice shared similar characteristics to those observed in clinic patients. Most importantly, significant individual differences were found in DO mice (variation coefficients: 34.08%-53.17%). RNA-sequencing in AC-tolerant and AC-sensitive mice revealed that hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB), a toxic-responsive protein in blood with 89% homology to human, was specifically enriched in AC-sensitive mice. Moreover, we found that HBB overexpression could significantly exacerbate AC-induced cardiotoxicity while HBB knockdown markedly attenuated cell death of cardiomyocytes. We revealed that AC could trigger hemolysis, and specifically bind to HBB in cell-free hemoglobin (cf-Hb), which could excessively promote NO scavenge and decrease cardioprotective S-nitrosylation. Meanwhile, AC bound to HBB enhanced the binding of HBB to ABHD5 and AMPK, which correspondingly decreased HDAC-NT generation and led to cardiomyocytes death. This study not only demonstrates HBB achievement a novel target of AC in blood, but provides the first clue for HBB as a novel biomarker in determining the individual differences of Fuzi-triggered cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Guo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yao
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Guo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kun-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qing-Hong Shen
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shao-Fang Yu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ting Wan
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fu-Ping Xu
- Guandong Provincial hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Qi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Hastings MH, Castro C, Freeman R, Abdul Kadir A, Lerchenmüller C, Li H, Rhee J, Roh JD, Roh K, Singh AP, Wu C, Xia P, Zhou Q, Xiao J, Rosenzweig A. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributors to the Cardiac Benefits of Exercise. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:535-552. [PMID: 38680954 PMCID: PMC11055208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Among its many cardiovascular benefits, exercise training improves heart function and protects the heart against age-related decline, pathological stress, and injury. Here, we focus on cardiac benefits with an emphasis on more recent updates to our understanding. While the cardiomyocyte continues to play a central role as both a target and effector of exercise's benefits, there is a growing recognition of the important roles of other, noncardiomyocyte lineages and pathways, including some that lie outside the heart itself. We review what is known about mediators of exercise's benefits-both those intrinsic to the heart (at the level of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, or vascular cells) and those that are systemic (including metabolism, inflammation, the microbiome, and aging)-highlighting what is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H. Hastings
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Claire Castro
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Freeman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Azrul Abdul Kadir
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haobo Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Rhee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason D. Roh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kangsan Roh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anand P. Singh
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peng Xia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiulian Zhou
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Wu H, Hu Y, Jiang C, Chen C. Global scientific trends in research of epigenetic response to exercise: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25644. [PMID: 38370173 PMCID: PMC10869857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to comprehensively understand the adaptive response of multiple epigenetic modifications on gene expression changes driven by exercise. Here, we retrieved literatures from publications in the PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection databases up to and including October 15, 2023. After screening with the exclusion criteria, 1910 publications were selected in total, comprising 1399 articles and 511 reviews. Specifically, a total of 512, 224, and 772 publications is involved in DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs, respectively. The correlations between publication number, authors, institutions, countries, references, and the characteristics of hotspots were explored by CiteSpace. Here, the USA (621 publications) ranked the world's most-influential countries, the University of California System (68 publications) was the most productive, and Tiago Fernandes (14 publications) had the most-published publications. A comprehensive keyword analysis revealed that cardiovascular disease, cancer, skeletal muscle development, and metabolic syndrome, and are the research hotspots. The detailed impact of exercise was further discussed in different aspects of these three categories of epigenetic modifications. Detailed analysis of epigenetic modifications in response to exercise, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and changes in noncoding RNAs, will offer valuable information to help researchers understand hotspots and emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Cai Jiang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350122 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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6
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Dobreva G, Heineke J. Inter- and Intracellular Signaling Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:271-294. [PMID: 38884717 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, both congenital and acquired, are the leading cause of death worldwide, associated with significant health consequences and economic burden. Due to major advances in surgical procedures, most patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) survive into adulthood but suffer from previously unrecognized long-term consequences, such as early-onset heart failure. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms resulting in heart defects and the lifelong complications due to hemodynamic overload are of utmost importance. Congenital heart disease arises in the first trimester of pregnancy, due to defects in the complex morphogenetic patterning of the heart. This process is coordinated through a complicated web of intercellular communication between the epicardium, the endocardium, and the myocardium. In the postnatal heart, similar crosstalk between cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts exists during pathological hemodynamic overload that emerges as a consequence of a congenital heart defect. Ultimately, communication between cells triggers the activation of intracellular signaling circuits, which allow fine coordination of cardiac development and function. Here, we review the inter- and intracellular signaling mechanisms in the heart as they were discovered mainly in genetically modified mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergana Dobreva
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Joerg Heineke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
- ECAS (European Center for Angioscience), Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Mannheim Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Schröder LC, Frank D, Müller OJ. Transcriptional Targeting Approaches in Cardiac Gene Transfer Using AAV Vectors. Pathogens 2023; 12:1301. [PMID: 38003766 PMCID: PMC10675517 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac-targeted transgene delivery offers new treatment opportunities for cardiovascular diseases, which massively contribute to global mortality. Restricted gene transfer to cardiac tissue might protect extracardiac organs from potential side-effects. This could be mediated by using cis-regulatory elements, including promoters and enhancers that act on the transcriptional level. Here, we discuss examples of tissue-specific promoters for targeted transcription in myocytes, cardiomyocytes, and chamber-specific cardiomyocytes. Some promotors are induced at pathological states, suggesting a potential use as "induction-by-disease switches" in gene therapy. Recent developments have resulted in the identification of novel enhancer-elements that could further pave the way for future refinement of transcriptional targeting, for example, into the cardiac conduction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena C. Schröder
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (L.C.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Derk Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (L.C.S.); (D.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (L.C.S.); (D.F.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Zhang X, Hu C, Ma ZG, Hu M, Yuan XP, Yuan YP, Wang SS, Kong CY, Teng T, Tang QZ. Tisp40 prevents cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3383. [PMID: 37291168 PMCID: PMC10250363 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) to facilitate O-linked GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc) protein modifications, and subsequently enhance cell survival under lethal stresses. Transcript induced in spermiogenesis 40 (Tisp40) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-resident transcription factor and plays critical roles in cell homeostasis. Here, we show that Tisp40 expression, cleavage and nuclear accumulation are increased by cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Global Tisp40 deficiency exacerbates, whereas cardiomyocyte-restricted Tisp40 overexpression ameliorates I/R-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and acute cardiac injury, and modulates cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following long-term observations in male mice. In addition, overexpression of nuclear Tisp40 is sufficient to attenuate cardiac I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies indicate that Tisp40 directly binds to a conserved unfolded protein response element (UPRE) of the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) promoter, and subsequently potentiates HBP flux and O-GlcNAc protein modifications. Moreover, we find that I/R-induced upregulation, cleavage and nuclear accumulation of Tisp40 in the heart are mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Our findings identify Tisp40 as a cardiomyocyte-enriched UPR-associated transcription factor, and targeting Tisp40 may develop effective approaches to mitigate cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Pin Yuan
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, 430060, Wuhan, China.
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9
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Cheng XW, Narisawa M, Wang H, Piao L. Overview of multifunctional cysteinyl cathepsins in atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular disease: from insights into molecular functions to clinical implications. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:91. [PMID: 37202785 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl cathepsins (CTSs) are widely known to have a proteolysis function that mediates recycling of unwanted proteins in endosomes and lysosomes, and investigation of CTSs has greatly improved with advances in live-imaging techniques both in vivo and in vitro, leading to three key findings. (1) CTSs are relocated from the lysosomes to other cellular spaces (i.e., cytosol, nucleus, nuclear membrane, plasma membrane, and extracellular milieu). (2) In addition to acidic cellular compartments, CTSs also exert biological activity in neutral environments. (3) CTSs also exert multiple nontraditional functions in, for example, extracellular matrix metabolism, cell signaling transduction, protein processing/trafficking, and cellular events. Various stimuli regulate the expression and activities of CTSs in vivo and vitro-e.g., inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, neurohormones, and growth factors. Accumulating evidence has confirmed the participation of CTSs in vascular diseases characterized by atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, thrombosis, calcification, aneurysm, restenosis/in-stent-restenosis, and neovasel formation. Circulating and tissue CTSs are promising as biomarkers and as a diagnostic imaging tool in patients with atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular disease (ACVD), and pharmacological interventions with their specific and non-specific inhibitors, and cardiovascular drugs might have potential for the therapeutic targeting of CTSs in animals. This review focuses on the update findings on CTS biology and the involvement of CTSs in the initiation and progression of ACVD and discusses the potential use of CTSs as biomarkers and small-molecule targets to prevent deleterious nontraditional functions in ACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanjin, Jilin, 133000, People's Republic of China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, Jilin PR. 133000, China.
| | - Megumi Narisawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, 4668550, Japan
| | - Hailong Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanjin, Jilin, 133000, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanjin, Jilin, 133000, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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10
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Peng G, Yan J, Chen L, Li L. Glycometabolism reprogramming: Implications for cardiovascular diseases. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 179:26-37. [PMID: 36963725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycometabolism is well known for its roles as the main source of energy, which mainly includes three metabolic pathways: oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway. The orderly progress of glycometabolism is the basis for the maintenance of cardiovascular function. However, upon exposure to harmful stimuli, the intracellular glycometabolism changes or tends to shift toward another glycometabolism pathway more suitable for its own development and adaptation. This shift away from the normal glycometabolism is also known as glycometabolism reprogramming, which is commonly related to the occurrence and aggravation of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we elucidate the physiological role of glycometabolism in the cardiovascular system and summarize the mechanisms by which glycometabolism drives cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary hypertension. Collectively, directing GMR back to normal glycometabolism might provide a therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jialong Yan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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11
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Sandonà M, Cavioli G, Renzini A, Cedola A, Gigli G, Coletti D, McKinsey TA, Moresi V, Saccone V. Histone Deacetylases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Muscular Dystrophies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4306. [PMID: 36901738 PMCID: PMC10002075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that regulate the deacetylation of numerous histone and non-histone proteins, thereby affecting a wide range of cellular processes. Deregulation of HDAC expression or activity is often associated with several pathologies, suggesting potential for targeting these enzymes for therapeutic purposes. For example, HDAC expression and activity are higher in dystrophic skeletal muscles. General pharmacological blockade of HDACs, by means of pan-HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), ameliorates both muscle histological abnormalities and function in preclinical studies. A phase II clinical trial of the pan-HDACi givinostat revealed partial histological improvement and functional recovery of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) muscles; results of an ongoing phase III clinical trial that is assessing the long-term safety and efficacy of givinostat in DMD patients are pending. Here we review the current knowledge about the HDAC functions in distinct cell types in skeletal muscle, identified by genetic and -omic approaches. We describe the signaling events that are affected by HDACs and contribute to muscular dystrophy pathogenesis by altering muscle regeneration and/or repair processes. Reviewing recent insights into HDAC cellular functions in dystrophic muscles provides new perspectives for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches based on drugs that target these critical enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgia Cavioli
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renzini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Cedola
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00181 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Dario Coletti
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
- CNRS UMR 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Aging B2A, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Timothy A. McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Viviana Moresi
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00181 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Saccone
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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12
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Sanganalmath SK, Dubey S, Veeranki S, Narisetty K, Krishnamurthy P. The interplay of inflammation, exosomes and Ca 2+ dynamics in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:37. [PMID: 36804872 PMCID: PMC9942322 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the prime risk factors for cardiovascular complications and is linked with high morbidity and mortality. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often manifests as reduced cardiac contractility, myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction, and chronic heart failure. Inflammation, changes in calcium (Ca2+) handling and cardiomyocyte loss are often implicated in the development and progression of DCM. Although the existence of DCM was established nearly four decades ago, the exact mechanisms underlying this disease pathophysiology is constantly evolving. Furthermore, the complex pathophysiology of DCM is linked with exosomes, which has recently shown to facilitate intercellular (cell-to-cell) communication through biomolecules such as micro RNA (miRNA), proteins, enzymes, cell surface receptors, growth factors, cytokines, and lipids. Inflammatory response and Ca2+ signaling are interrelated and DCM has been known to adversely affect many of these signaling molecules either qualitatively and/or quantitatively. In this literature review, we have demonstrated that Ca2+ regulators are tightly controlled at different molecular and cellular levels during various biological processes in the heart. Inflammatory mediators, miRNA and exosomes are shown to interact with these regulators, however how these mediators are linked to Ca2+ handling during DCM pathogenesis remains elusive. Thus, further investigations are needed to understand the mechanisms to restore cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis and function, and to serve as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Sanganalmath
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas School of Medicine, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA.
| | - Shubham Dubey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | | | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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13
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Restoring Epigenetic Reprogramming with Diet and Exercise to Improve Health-Related Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020318. [PMID: 36830687 PMCID: PMC9953584 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming predicts the long-term functional health effects of health-related metabolic disease. This epigenetic reprogramming is activated by exogenous or endogenous insults, leading to altered healthy and different disease states. The epigenetic and environmental changes involve a roadmap of epigenetic networking, such as dietary components and exercise on epigenetic imprinting and restoring epigenome patterns laid down during embryonic development, which are paramount to establishing youthful cell type and health. Nutrition and exercise are among the most well-known environmental epigenetic factors influencing the proper developmental and functional lifestyle, with potential beneficial or detrimental effects on health status. The diet and exercise strategies applied from conception could represent an innovative epigenetic target for preventing and treating human diseases. Here, we describe the potential role of diet and exercise as therapeutic epigenetic strategies for health and diseases, highlighting putative future perspectives in this field.
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14
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:90-108. [PMID: 36050457 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate the neurohormonal regulation of cardiac function by degrading cAMP and cGMP. In cardiomyocytes, multiple PDE isozymes with different enzymatic properties and subcellular localization regulate local pools of cyclic nucleotides and specific functions. This organization is heavily perturbed during cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF), which can contribute to disease progression. Clinically, PDE inhibition has been considered a promising approach to compensate for the catecholamine desensitization that accompanies HF. Although PDE3 inhibitors, such as milrinone or enoximone, have been used clinically to improve systolic function and alleviate the symptoms of acute HF, their chronic use has proved to be detrimental. Other PDEs, such as PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, PDE5, PDE9 and PDE10, have emerged as new potential targets to treat HF, each having a unique role in local cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways. In this Review, we describe cAMP and cGMP signalling in cardiomyocytes and present the various PDE families expressed in the heart as well as their modifications in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and HF. We also appraise the evidence from preclinical models as well as clinical data pointing to the use of inhibitors or activators of specific PDEs that could have therapeutic potential in HF.
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15
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Innate Immunity in Cardiovascular Diseases-Identification of Novel Molecular Players and Targets. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12010335. [PMID: 36615135 PMCID: PMC9821340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past few years, unexpected developments have driven studies in the field of clinical immunology. One driver of immense impact was the outbreak of a pandemic caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2. Excellent recent reviews address diverse aspects of immunological re-search into cardiovascular diseases. Here, we specifically focus on selected studies taking advantage of advanced state-of-the-art molecular genetic methods ranging from genome-wide epi/transcriptome mapping and variant scanning to optogenetics and chemogenetics. First, we discuss the emerging clinical relevance of advanced diagnostics for cardiovascular diseases, including those associated with COVID-19-with a focus on the role of inflammation in cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias. Second, we consider newly identified immunological interactions at organ and system levels which affect cardiovascular pathogenesis. Thus, studies into immune influences arising from the intestinal system are moving towards therapeutic exploitation. Further, powerful new research tools have enabled novel insight into brain-immune system interactions at unprecedented resolution. This latter line of investigation emphasizes the strength of influence of emotional stress-acting through defined brain regions-upon viral and cardiovascular disorders. Several challenges need to be overcome before the full impact of these far-reaching new findings will hit the clinical arena.
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16
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Wang HF, Wang YX, Zhou YP, Wei YP, Yan Y, Zhang ZJ, Jing ZC. Protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:8-18. [PMID: 35817809 PMCID: PMC9813366 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification of protein in response to genetic variations or environmental factors, which is controlled by two highly conserved enzymes, i.e. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and protein O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation mainly occurs in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondrion, and it is ubiquitously implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Alterations of O-GlcNAcylation could cause massive metabolic imbalance and affect cardiovascular function, but the role of O-GlcNAcylation in CVD remains controversial. That is, acutely increased O-GlcNAcylation is an adaptive heart response, which temporarily protects cardiac function. While it is harmful to cardiomyocytes if O-GlcNAcylation levels remain high in chronic conditions or in the long run. The underlying mechanisms include regulation of transcription, energy metabolism, and other signal transduction reactions induced by O-GlcNAcylation. In this review, we will focus on the interactions between protein O-GlcNAcylation and CVD, and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms that may be able to pave a new avenue for the treatment of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ze-Jian Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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17
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Kuhn AR, van Bilsen M. Oncometabolism: A Paradigm for the Metabolic Remodeling of the Failing Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213902. [PMID: 36430377 PMCID: PMC9699042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is associated with profound alterations in cardiac intermediary metabolism. One of the prevailing hypotheses is that metabolic remodeling leads to a mismatch between cardiac energy (ATP) production and demand, thereby impairing cardiac function. However, even after decades of research, the relevance of metabolic remodeling in the pathogenesis of heart failure has remained elusive. Here we propose that cardiac metabolic remodeling should be looked upon from more perspectives than the mere production of ATP needed for cardiac contraction and relaxation. Recently, advances in cancer research have revealed that the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells, often coined as oncometabolism, directly impacts cellular phenotype and function. Accordingly, it is well feasible that the rewiring of cardiac cellular metabolism during the development of heart failure serves similar functions. In this review, we reflect on the influence of principal metabolic pathways on cellular phenotype as originally described in cancer cells and discuss their potential relevance for cardiac pathogenesis. We discuss current knowledge of metabolism-driven phenotypical alterations in the different cell types of the heart and evaluate their impact on cardiac pathogenesis and therapy.
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18
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Scheitz JF, Sposato LA, Schulz-Menger J, Nolte CH, Backs J, Endres M. Stroke-Heart Syndrome: Recent Advances and Challenges. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026528. [PMID: 36056731 PMCID: PMC9496419 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
After ischemic stroke, there is a significant burden of cardiovascular complications, both in the acute and chronic phase. Severe adverse cardiac events occur in 10% to 20% of patients within the first few days after stroke and comprise a continuum of cardiac changes ranging from acute myocardial injury and coronary syndromes to heart failure or arrhythmia. Recently, the term stroke–heart syndrome was introduced to provide an integrated conceptual framework that summarizes neurocardiogenic mechanisms that lead to these cardiac events after stroke. New findings from experimental and clinical studies have further refined our understanding of the clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and potential long‐term consequences of the stroke–heart syndrome. Local cerebral and systemic mediators, which mainly involve autonomic dysfunction and increased inflammation, may lead to altered cardiomyocyte metabolism, dysregulation of (tissue‐resident) leukocyte populations, and (micro‐) vascular changes. However, at the individual patient level, it remains challenging to differentiate between comorbid cardiovascular conditions and stroke‐induced heart injury. Therefore, further research activities led by joint teams of basic and clinical researchers with backgrounds in both cardiology and neurology are needed to identify the most relevant therapeutic targets that can be tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F Scheitz
- Department of Neurology With Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin Germany.,World Stroke Organization Brain & Heart Task Force
| | - Luciano A Sposato
- World Stroke Organization Brain & Heart Task Force.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada.,Heart & Brain Laboratory Western University London Ontario Canada
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Nephrology HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch Berlin Germany
| | - Christian H Nolte
- Department of Neurology With Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology With Experimental Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin Germany.,DZNE (German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,ExcellenceCluster NeuroCure Berlin Germany
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19
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Li L, Guo H, Lai B, Liang C, Chen H, Chen Y, Guo W, Yuan Z, Huang R, Zeng Z, Liang L, Zhao H, Zheng X, Li Y, Pu Q, Qi X, Cai D. Ablation of cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF during development causes myocardial degeneration and heart failure in the adult mouse heart. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:967463. [PMID: 36061561 PMCID: PMC9433718 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.967463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB-T1 were recently found to be expressed in cardiomyocytes. However, the functional role of cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF in heart pathophysiology is not yet fully known. Recent studies revealed that BDNF-TrkB pathway plays a critical role to maintain integrity of cardiac structure and function, cardiac pathology and regeneration of myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, the BDNF-TrkB pathway may be a novel target for myocardial pathophysiology in the adult heart. Approach and results In the present study, we established a cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF conditional knockout mouse in which BDNF expression in developing cardiomyocytes is ablated under the control of the Myosin heavy chain 6 (MYH6) promoter. The results of the present study show that ablation of cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF during development does not impair survival, growth or reproduction; however, in the young adult heart, it causes cardiomyocyte death, degeneration of the myocardium, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, left atrial appendage thrombosis, decreased cardiac function, increased cardiac inflammation and ROS activity, and metabolic disorders, leading to heart failure (HF) in the adult heart and eventually resulting in a decrease in the one-year survival rate. In addition, ablation of cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF during the developmental stage leads to exacerbation of cardiac dysfunction and poor regeneration after MI in adult hearts. Conclusion Cardiomyocyte-derived BDNF is irreplaceable for maintaining the integrity of cardiac structure and function in the adult heart and regeneration after MI. Therefore, the BDNF-TrkB pathway will be a novel target for myocardial pathophysiology in the adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Binglin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunbao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson of Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Ruijin Huang
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhaohua Zeng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying Liang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Stem Cell and Regeneration TRP, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Pu
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xufeng Qi,
| | - Dongqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), The Ministry of Science and Technology and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Dongqing Cai,
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20
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SUMOylation of SIRT1 activating PGC-1α/PPARα pathway mediates the protective effect of LncRNA-MHRT in cardiac hypertrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 930:175155. [PMID: 35863508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA-Myosin heavy chain associated RNA transcript (LncRNA-MHRT) has been reported to prevent pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the underlying inhibition mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Further, whether MHRT inhibits hypertrophy by regulating post-translational modification of certain proteins remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to find potential role of MHRT in inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy via regulating modification of certain proteins. Here, Angiotensin II (Ang II) -treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice were used to investigate the effect and mechanism of MHRT in cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the regulatory effects of MHRT on SUMOylation of NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), specificity protein 1 (SP1)/histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) pathway were investigated. Here, we found that MHRT improved heart function by attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. MHRT also promoted the SUMOylation of SIRT1 protein that activated PGC1-α/PPAR-α pathway. Furthermore, MHRT enhanced SUMOylation of SIRT1 by upregulating SP1/HDAC4. Our findings suggested that SUMOylation of SIRT1 could mediate the protective effect of MHRT in cardiac hypertrophy. The new regulatory pathway provides a potential new therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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21
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Madugula KK, Joseph J, DeMarino C, Ginwala R, Teixeira V, Khan ZK, Sales D, Wilson S, Kashanchi F, Rushing AW, Lemasson I, Harhaj EW, Janakiram M, Ye BH, Jain P. Regulation of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 antisense promoter by myocyte enhancer factor-2C in the context of adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma. Haematologica 2022; 107:2928-2943. [PMID: 35615924 PMCID: PMC9713551 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma (ATLL) is an intractable T-cell neoplasia caused by a retrovirus, namely human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Patients suffering from ATLL present a poor prognosis and have a dearth of treatment options. In contrast to the sporadic expression of viral transactivator protein Tax present at the 5' promoter region long terminal repeats (LTR), HTLV-1 bZIP gene (HBZ) is encoded by 3'LTR (the antisense promoter) and maintains its constant expression in ATLL cells and patients. The antisense promoter is associated with selective retroviral gene expression and has been an understudied phenomenon. Herein, we delineate the activity of transcription factor MEF (myocyte enhancer factor)-2 family members, which were found to be enriched at the 3'LTR and play an important role in the pathogenesis of ATLL. Of the four MEF isoforms (A to D), MEF-2A and 2C were highly overexpressed in a wide array of ATLL cell lines and in acute ATLL patients. The activity of MEF-2 isoforms were determined by knockdown experiments that led to decreased cell proliferation and regulated cell cycle progression. High enrichment of MEF-2C was observed at the 3'LTR along with cofactors Menin and JunD resulting in binding of MEF-2C to HBZ at this region. Chemical inhibition of MEF-2 proteins resulted in the cytotoxicity of ATLL cells in vitro and reduction of proviral load in a humanized mouse model. Taken together, this study provides a novel mechanism of 3'LTR regulation and establishes MEF-2 signaling a potential target for therapeutic intervention for ATLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran K. Madugula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie Joseph
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catherine DeMarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Rashida Ginwala
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vanessa Teixeira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Zafar K. Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dominic Sales
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sydney Wilson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Amanda W. Rushing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Isabelle Lemasson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Edward W. Harhaj
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - B. Hilda Ye
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,P. Jain
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22
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Lehrke M, Moellmann J, Kahles F, Marx N. Glucose-derived posttranslational modification in cardiovascular disease. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 86:101084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Velasco-Aviles S, Patel N, Casillas-Bajo A, Frutos-Rincón L, Velasco E, Gallar J, Arthur-Farraj P, Gomez-Sanchez JA, Cabedo H. A genetic compensatory mechanism regulated by Jun and Mef2d modulates the expression of distinct class IIa Hdacs to ensure peripheral nerve myelination and repair. eLife 2022; 11:e72917. [PMID: 35076395 PMCID: PMC8853665 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) have pivotal roles in the development of different tissues. Of this family, Schwann cells express Hdac4, 5, and 7 but not Hdac9. Here, we show that a transcription factor regulated genetic compensatory mechanism within this family of proteins, blocks negative regulators of myelination ensuring peripheral nerve developmental myelination and remyelination after injury. Thus, when Hdac4 and 5 are knocked-out from Schwann cells in mice, a JUN-dependent mechanism induces the compensatory overexpression of Hdac7 permitting, although with a delay, the formation of the myelin sheath. When Hdac4, 5, and 7 are simultaneously removed, the myocyte-specific enhancer-factor d (MEF2D) binds to the promoter and induces the de novo expression of Hdac9, and although several melanocytic lineage genes are misexpressed and Remak bundle structure is disrupted, myelination proceeds after a long delay. Thus, our data unveil a finely tuned compensatory mechanism within the class IIa Hdac family, coordinated by distinct transcription factors, that guarantees the ability of Schwann cells to myelinate during development and remyelinate after nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Velasco-Aviles
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
| | - Nikiben Patel
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
| | - Angeles Casillas-Bajo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
| | - Laura Frutos-Rincón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- The European University of Brain and Technology-NeurotechEUAlicanteSpain
| | - Enrique Velasco
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- The European University of Brain and Technology-NeurotechEUAlicanteSpain
| | - Juana Gallar
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
- The European University of Brain and Technology-NeurotechEUAlicanteSpain
- RICORS en enfermedades inflamatoriasSant Joan d'AlacantSpain
| | - Peter Arthur-Farraj
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Hugo Cabedo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante UMH-CSICAlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
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24
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Human iPSC-Cardiomyocytes as an Experimental Model to Study Epigenetic Modifiers of Electrophysiology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020200. [PMID: 35053315 PMCID: PMC8774228 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic landscape and the responses to pharmacological epigenetic regulators in each human are unique. Classes of epigenetic writers and erasers, such as histone acetyltransferases, HATs, and histone deacetylases, HDACs, control DNA acetylation/deacetylation and chromatin accessibility, thus exerting transcriptional control in a tissue- and person-specific manner. Rapid development of novel pharmacological agents in clinical testing—HDAC inhibitors (HDACi)—targets these master regulators as common means of therapeutic intervention in cancer and immune diseases. The action of these epigenetic modulators is much less explored for cardiac tissue, yet all new drugs need to be tested for cardiotoxicity. To advance our understanding of chromatin regulation in the heart, and specifically how modulation of DNA acetylation state may affect functional electrophysiological responses, human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) technology can be leveraged as a scalable, high-throughput platform with ability to provide patient-specific insights. This review covers relevant background on the known roles of HATs and HDACs in the heart, the current state of HDACi development, applications, and any adverse cardiac events; it also summarizes relevant differential gene expression data for the adult human heart vs. hiPSC-CMs along with initial transcriptional and functional results from using this new experimental platform to yield insights on epigenetic control of the heart. We focus on the multitude of methodologies and workflows needed to quantify responses to HDACis in hiPSC-CMs. This overview can help highlight the power and the limitations of hiPSC-CMs as a scalable experimental model in capturing epigenetic responses relevant to the human heart.
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25
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Mittal A, Garg R, Bahl A, Khullar M. Molecular Mechanisms and Epigenetic Regulation in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:725532. [PMID: 34977165 PMCID: PMC8716459 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.725532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important lifestyle disease. Type 2 diabetes is one of the prime contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) and leads to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with DM. DbCM is a typical cardiac disease, characterized by cardiac remodeling in the presence of DM and in the absence of other comorbidities such as hypertension, valvular diseases, and coronary artery disease. DbCM is associated with defective cardiac metabolism, altered mitochondrial structure and function, and other physiological and pathophysiological signaling mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, myocardial apoptosis, and autophagy. Epigenetic modifiers are crucial players in the pathogenesis of DbCM. Thus, it is important to explore the role of epigenetic modifiers or modifications in regulating molecular pathways associated with DbCM. In this review, we have discussed the role of various epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications (acetylation and methylation), DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in modulating molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of the DbCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Mittal
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajni Garg
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Bahl
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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26
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Lockridge A, Hanover JA. A nexus of lipid and O-Glcnac metabolism in physiology and disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:943576. [PMID: 36111295 PMCID: PMC9468787 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.943576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although traditionally considered a glucose metabolism-associated modification, the O-linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) regulatory system interacts extensively with lipids and is required to maintain lipid homeostasis. The enzymes of O-GlcNAc cycling have molecular properties consistent with those expected of broad-spectrum environmental sensors. By direct protein-protein interactions and catalytic modification, O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes may provide both acute and long-term adaptation to stress and other environmental stimuli such as nutrient availability. Depending on the cell type, hyperlipidemia potentiates or depresses O-GlcNAc levels, sometimes biphasically, through a diversity of unique mechanisms that target UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and the availability, activity and substrate selectivity of the glycosylation enzymes, O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). At the same time, OGT activity in multiple tissues has been implicated in the homeostatic regulation of systemic lipid uptake, storage and release. Hyperlipidemic patterns of O-GlcNAcylation in these cells are consistent with both transient physiological adaptation and feedback uninhibited obesogenic and metabolic dysregulation. In this review, we summarize the numerous interconnections between lipid and O-GlcNAc metabolism. These links provide insights into how the O-GlcNAc regulatory system may contribute to lipid-associated diseases including obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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27
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Cairns M, Joseph D, Essop MF. The dual role of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:984342. [PMID: 36353238 PMCID: PMC9637655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.984342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is a highly metabolic organ with extensive energy demands and hence relies on numerous fuel substrates including fatty acids and glucose. However, oxidative stress is a natural by-product of metabolism that, in excess, can contribute towards DNA damage and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase activation. This activation inhibits key glycolytic enzymes, subsequently shunting glycolytic intermediates into non-oxidative glucose pathways such as the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). In this review we provide evidence supporting the dual role of the HBP, i.e. playing a unique role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology where acute upregulation confers cardioprotection while chronic activation contributes to the onset and progression of cardio-metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure. Thus although the HBP has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for such conditions, proposed interventions need to be applied in a context- and pathology-specific manner to avoid any potential drawbacks of relatively low cardiac HBP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Cairns
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Danzil Joseph
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M. Faadiel Essop
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: M. Faadiel Essop,
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28
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Chronic isoprenaline/phenylephrine vs. exclusive isoprenaline stimulation in mice: critical contribution of alpha 1-adrenoceptors to early cardiac stress responses. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:15. [PMID: 35286475 PMCID: PMC8921177 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system is a major driver of cardiac remodeling, exerting its effects through both α-, and β-adrenoceptors (α-, β-ARs). As the relative contribution of subtype α1-AR to cardiac stress responses remains poorly investigated, we subjected mice to either subcutaneous perfusion with the β-AR agonist isoprenaline (ISO, 30 mg/kg × day) or to a combination of ISO and the stable α1-AR agonist phenylephrine (ISO/PE, 30 mg/kg × day each). Telemetry analysis revealed similar hemodynamic responses under both ISO and ISO/PE treatment i.e., permanently increased heart rates and only transient decreases in mean blood pressure during the first 24 h. Echocardiography and single cell analysis after 1 week of exposure showed that ISO/PE-, but not ISO-treated animals established α1-AR-mediated inotropic responsiveness to acute adrenergic stimulation. Morphologically, additional PE perfusion limited concentric cardiomyocyte growth and enhanced cardiac collagen deposition during 7 days of treatment. Time-course analysis demonstrated a diverging development in transcriptional patterns at day 4 of treatment i.e., increased expression of selected marker genes Xirp2, Nppa, Tgfb1, Col1a1, Postn under chronic ISO/PE treatment which was either less pronounced or absent in the ISO group. Transcriptome analyses at day 4 via RNA sequencing demonstrated that additional PE treatment caused a marked upregulation of genes allocated to extracellular matrix and fiber organization along with a more pronounced downregulation of genes involved in metabolic processes, muscle adaptation and cardiac electrophysiology. Consistently, transcriptome changes under ISO/PE challenge more effectively recapitulated early transcriptional alterations in pressure overload-induced experimental heart failure and in human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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29
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Omerovic E, Citro R, Bossone E, Redfors B, Backs J, Bruns B, Ciccarelli M, Couch LS, Dawson D, Grassi G, Iacoviello M, Parodi G, Schneider B, Templin C, Ghadri JR, Thum T, Chioncel O, Tocchetti CG, Van Der Velden J, Heymans S, Lyon AR. Pathophysiology of Takotsubo Syndrome - a joint scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association Takotsubo Syndrome Study Group and Myocardial Function Working Group of the European Society of Cardiology - Part 1: Overview and the central role for catecholamines and sympathetic nervous system. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 24:257-273. [PMID: 34907620 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first part of a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology focused upon the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and is complimentary to the previous HFA Position Statement on Takotsubo syndrome which focused upon clinical management. In part 1 we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and fundamental questions to consider. We then review and discuss the central role of catecholamines and the sympathetic nervous system in the pathophysiology, and the direct effects of high surges in catecholamines upon myocardial biology including β-adrenergic receptor signaling, G protein coupled receptor kinases, cardiomyocyte calcium physiology, myofilament physiology, cardiomyocyte gene expression, myocardial electrophysiology and arrhythmogenicity, myocardial inflammation, metabolism and energetics. The integrated effects upon ventricular haemodynamics are discussed and integrated into the pathophysiological model. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmir Omerovic
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rodolfo Citro
- Heart Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Division of Cardiology, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Bjorn Redfors
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bastian Bruns
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Liam S Couch
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Dana Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Guido Grassi
- Clinica Medica, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- University Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Guido Parodi
- Clinical and Interventional Cardiology, Sassari University Hospital, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Christian Templin
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jelena R Ghadri
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases 'Prof. C.C. Iliescu', Bucharest, Romania and University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Qiu Y, Pan X, Chen Y, Xiao J. Hallmarks of exercised heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 164:126-135. [PMID: 34914934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of exercise in humans on the heart have been well recognized for many years. Long-term endurance exercise training can induce physiologic cardiac hypertrophy with normal or enhanced heart function, and provide protective benefits in preventing heart failure. The heart-specific responses that occur during exercise are complex and highly variable. This review mainly focuses on the current understanding of the structural and functional cardiac adaptations to exercise as well as molecular pathways and signaling proteins responsible for these changes. Here, we summarize eight tentative hallmarks that represent common denominators of the exercised heart. These hallmarks are: cardiomyocyte growth, cardiomyocyte fate reprogramming, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, mitochondrial remodeling, epigenetic alteration, enhanced endothelial function, quiescent cardiac fibroblast, and improved cardiac metabolism. A major challenge is to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms for cardio-protective effects of exercise, and to identify therapeutic targets for heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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31
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Finke D, Heckmann MB, Frey N, Lehmann LH. Cancer-A Major Cardiac Comorbidity With Implications on Cardiovascular Metabolism. Front Physiol 2021; 12:729713. [PMID: 34899373 PMCID: PMC8662519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.729713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have multifactorial causes. Classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes associate with the development of vascular stenoses and coronary heart disease. Further comorbidities and its impact on cardiovascular metabolism have gotten more attention recently. Thus, also cancer biology may affect the heart, apart from cardiotoxic side effects of chemotherapies. Cancer is a systemic disease which primarily leads to metabolic alterations within the tumor. An emerging number of preclinical and clinical studies focuses on the interaction between cancer and a maladaptive crosstalk to the heart. Cachexia and sarcopenia can have dramatic consequences for many organ functions, including cardiac wasting and heart failure. These complications significantly increase mortality and morbidity of heart failure and cancer patients. There are concurrent metabolic changes in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and glucose utilization in heart failure as well as in cancer, involving central molecular regulators, such as PGC-1α. Further, specific inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-β), non-inflammatory cytokines (myostatin, SerpinA3, Ataxin-10) and circulating metabolites (D2-HG) may mediate a direct and maladaptive crosstalk of both diseases. Additionally, cancer therapies, such as anthracyclines and angiogenesis inhibitors target common metabolic mechanisms in cardiomyocytes and malignant cells. This review focuses on cardiovascular, cancerous, and cancer therapy-associated alterations on the systemic and cardiac metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Finke
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus B Heckmann
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz H Lehmann
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Deutsches Krebsfoschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Górska AA, Sandmann C, Riechert E, Hofmann C, Malovrh E, Varma E, Kmietczyk V, Ölschläger J, Jürgensen L, Kamuf-Schenk V, Stroh C, Furkel J, Konstandin MH, Sticht C, Boileau E, Dieterich C, Frey N, Katus HA, Doroudgar S, Völkers M. Muscle-specific Cand2 is translationally upregulated by mTORC1 and promotes adverse cardiac remodeling. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52170. [PMID: 34605609 PMCID: PMC8647021 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) promotes pathological remodeling in the heart by activating ribosomal biogenesis and mRNA translation. Inhibition of mTOR in cardiomyocytes is protective; however, a detailed role of mTOR in translational regulation of specific mRNA networks in the diseased heart is unknown. We performed cardiomyocyte genome-wide sequencing to define mTOR-dependent gene expression control at the level of mRNA translation. We identify the muscle-specific protein Cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated protein 2 (Cand2) as a translationally upregulated gene, dependent on the activity of mTOR. Deletion of Cand2 protects the myocardium against pathological remodeling. Mechanistically, we show that Cand2 links mTOR signaling to pathological cell growth by increasing Grk5 protein expression. Our data suggest that cell-type-specific targeting of mTOR might have therapeutic value against pathological cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka A Górska
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Clara Sandmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eva Riechert
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Hofmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ellen Malovrh
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eshita Varma
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vivien Kmietczyk
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julie Ölschläger
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lonny Jürgensen
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Verena Kamuf-Schenk
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Stroh
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jennifer Furkel
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mathias H Konstandin
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Etienne Boileau
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology and Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology and Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shirin Doroudgar
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mirko Völkers
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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Wu G, Zhang X, Gao F. The epigenetic landscape of exercise in cardiac health and disease. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:648-659. [PMID: 33333247 PMCID: PMC8724625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
With the rising incidence of cardiovascular diseases, the concomitant mortality and morbidity impose huge burdens on quality of life and societal costs. It is generally accepted that physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for cardiac disease and that exercise benefits the heart in both physiological and pathologic conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the cardioprotective effects exerted by exercise remain incompletely understood. Most recently, an increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the promotion of cardiac health and prevention of cardiac disease. Exercise and other lifestyle factors extensively induce epigenetic modifications, including DNA/RNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs in multiple tissues, which may contribute to their positive effects in human health and diseases. In addition, several studies have shown that maternal or paternal exercise prevents age-associated or high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction in the offspring, reinforcing the importance of epigenetics in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise. It has been shown that exercise can directly modify cardiac epigenetics to promote cardiac health and protect the heart against various pathological processes, or it can modify epigenetics in other tissues, which reduces the risk of cardiac disease and affords cardioprotection through exerkines. An in-depth understanding of the epigenetic landscape of cardioprotective response to exercise will provide new therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases. This review, therefore, aimed to acquaint the cardiac community with the rapidly advancing and evolving field of exercise and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Wu
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Histone deacetylase 4 deletion broadly affects cardiac epigenetic repression and regulates transcriptional susceptibility via H3K9 methylation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 162:119-129. [PMID: 34492228 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is a member of class IIa histone deacetylases (class IIa HDACs) and is believed to possess a low intrinsic deacetylase activity. However, HDAC4 sufficiently represses distinct transcription factors (TFs) such as the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). Transcriptional repression by HDAC4 has been suggested to be mediated by the recruitment of other chromatin-modifying enzymes, such as methyltransferases or class I histone deacetylases. However, this concept has not been investigated by an unbiased approach. Therefore, we studied the histone modifications H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 in a genome-wide approach using HDAC4-deficient cardiomyocytes. We identified a general epigenetic shift from a 'repressive' to an 'active' status, characterized by an increase of H3K4me3, H3K9ac and H3K27ac and a decrease of H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. In HDAC4-deficient cardiomyocytes, MEF2 binding sites were considerably overrepresented in upregulated promoter regions of H3K9ac and H3K4me3. For example, we identified the promoter of Adprhl1 as a new genomic target of HDAC4 and MEF2. Overexpression of HDAC4 in cardiomyocytes was able to repress the transcription of the Adprhl1 promoter in the presence of the methyltransferase SUV39H1. On a genome-wide level, the decrease of H3K9 methylation did not change baseline expression but was associated with exercise-induced gene expression. We conclude that HDAC4, on the one hand, associates with activating histone modifications, such as H3K4me3 and H3K9ac. A functional consequence, on the other hand, requires an indirect regulation of H3K9me2. H3K9 hypomethylation in HDAC4 target genes ('first hit') plus a 'second hit' (e.g., exercise) determines the transcriptional response.
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35
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Guttzeit S, Backs J. Post-translational modifications talk and crosstalk to class IIa histone deacetylases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 162:53-61. [PMID: 34416247 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, such as histone or DNA modifications are key regulators of gene transcription and changes are often associated with maladaptive processes underlying cardiovascular disease. Epigenetic regulators therefore likely play a crucial role in cardiomyocyte homeostasis and facilitate the cellular adaption to various internal and external stimuli, responding to different intercellular and extracellular cues. Class IIa histone deacetylases are a class of epigenetic regulators that possess a myriad of post-transcriptional modification sites that modulate their activity in response to oxidative stress, altered catecholamine signalling or changes in the cellular metabolism. This review summaries the known reversible, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) that ultimately drive transcriptional changes in homeostasis and disease. We also highlight the idea of a crosstalk of various PTMs on class IIa HDACs potentially leading to compensatory or synergistic effects on the class IIa HDAC-regulated cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Guttzeit
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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36
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Hegyi B, Fasoli A, Ko CY, Van BW, Alim CC, Shen EY, Ciccozzi MM, Tapa S, Ripplinger CM, Erickson JR, Bossuyt J, Bers DM. CaMKII Serine 280 O-GlcNAcylation Links Diabetic Hyperglycemia to Proarrhythmia. Circ Res 2021; 129:98-113. [PMID: 33926209 PMCID: PMC8221539 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/enzymology
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/genetics
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Excitation Contraction Coupling
- Female
- Glycosylation
- Heart Rate
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, Transgenic
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Myocardial Contraction
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- NADPH Oxidase 2/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 2/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Anna Fasoli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Christopher Y. Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Benjamin W. Van
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Chidera C. Alim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Erin Y. Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Marisa M. Ciccozzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Srinivas Tapa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Crystal M. Ripplinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Erickson
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (J.R.E.)
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis (B.H., A.F., C.Y.K., B.W.V., C.C.A., E.Y.S., M.M.C., S.T., C.M.R., J.B., D.M.B.)
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37
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Adaptive versus maladaptive cardiac remodelling in response to sustained β-adrenergic stimulation in a new 'ISO on/off model'. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248933. [PMID: 34138844 PMCID: PMC8211211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
On the one hand, sustained β-adrenergic stress is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and exerts maladaptive cardiac remodelling. On the other hand, acute β-adrenergic stimulation maintains cardiac function under physiological stress. However, it is still incompletely understood to what extent the adaptive component of β-adrenergic signaling contributes to the maintenance of cardiac function during chronic β-adrenergic stress. We developed an experimental catecholamine-based protocol to distinguish adaptive from maladaptive effects. Mice were for 28 days infused with 30 mg/kg body weight/day isoproterenol (ISO) by subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps (‘ISO on’). In a second and third group, ISO infusion was stopped after 26 days and the mice were observed for additional two or seven days without further ISO infusion (‘ISO off short’, ‘ISO off long’). In this setup, ‘ISO on’ led to cardiac hypertrophy and slightly improved cardiac contractility. In stark contrast, ‘ISO off’ mice displayed progressive worsening of left ventricular ejection fraction that dropped down below 40%. While fetal and pathological gene expression (increase in Nppa, decrease in Myh6/Myh7 ratios, increase in Xirp2) was not induced in ‘ISO on’, it was activated in ‘ISO off’ mice. After ISO withdrawal, phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLN) at the protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation site Ser-16 dropped down to 20% as compared to only 50% at the Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylation site Thr-17 in ‘ISO off’ mice. PKA-dependent cardioprotective production of the N-terminal proteolytic product of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4-NT) was reduced in ‘ISO off’ as compared to ‘ISO on’. Taken together, these data indicate that chronic ISO infusion induces besides maladaptive remodelling also adaptive PKA signalling to maintain cardiac function. The use of the ‘ISO on/off’ model will further enable the separation of the underlying adaptive from maladaptive components of β-adrenergic signalling and may help to better define and test therapeutic targets downstream of β-adrenergic receptors.
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38
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Landmesser U, Poller W, Tsimikas S, Most P, Paneni F, Lüscher TF. From traditional pharmacological towards nucleic acid-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:3884-3899. [PMID: 32350510 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics are currently developed at large scale for prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), since: (i) genetic studies have highlighted novel therapeutic targets suggested to be causal for CVD; (ii) there is a substantial recent progress in delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies; (iii) they enable effective modulation of therapeutic targets that cannot be sufficiently or optimally addressed using traditional small molecule drugs or antibodies. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics include (i) RNA-targeted therapeutics for gene silencing; (ii) microRNA-modulating and epigenetic therapies; (iii) gene therapies; and (iv) genome-editing approaches (e.g. CRISPR-Cas-based): (i) RNA-targeted therapeutics: several large-scale clinical development programmes, using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or short interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics for prevention and management of CVD have been initiated. These include ASO and/or siRNA molecules to lower apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)], proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), apoCIII, ANGPTL3, or transthyretin (TTR) for prevention and treatment of patients with atherosclerotic CVD or TTR amyloidosis. (ii) MicroRNA-modulating and epigenetic therapies: novel potential therapeutic targets are continually arising from human non-coding genome and epigenetic research. First microRNA-based therapeutics or therapies targeting epigenetic regulatory pathways are in clinical studies. (iii) Gene therapies: EMA/FDA have approved gene therapies for non-cardiac monogenic diseases and LDL receptor gene therapy is currently being examined in patients with homozygous hypercholesterolaemia. In experimental studies, gene therapy has significantly improved cardiac function in heart failure animal models. (iv) Genome editing approaches: these technologies, such as using CRISPR-Cas, have proven powerful in stem cells, however, important challenges are remaining, e.g. low rates of homology-directed repair in somatic cells such as cardiomyocytes. In summary, RNA-targeted therapies (e.g. apo(a)-ASO and PCSK9-siRNA) are now in large-scale clinical outcome trials and will most likely become a novel effective and safe therapeutic option for CVD in the near future. MicroRNA-modulating, epigenetic, and gene therapies are tested in early clinical studies for CVD. CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing is highly effective in stem cells, but major challenges are remaining in somatic cells, however, this field is rapidly advancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, CC11 (Cardiovascular Medicine), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, CC11 (Cardiovascular Medicine), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BSB 1080, La Jolla, CA 92093-0682, USA
| | - Patrick Most
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, MOU2, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Research, Education and Development, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trust and Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
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39
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Umapathi P, Mesubi OO, Banerjee PS, Abrol N, Wang Q, Luczak ED, Wu Y, Granger JM, Wei AC, Reyes Gaido OE, Florea L, Talbot CC, Hart GW, Zachara NE, Anderson ME. Excessive O-GlcNAcylation Causes Heart Failure and Sudden Death. Circulation 2021; 143:1687-1703. [PMID: 33593071 PMCID: PMC8085112 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of death worldwide and is associated with the rising prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. O-GlcNAcylation (the attachment of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine [O-GlcNAc] moieties to cytoplasmic, nuclear, and mitochondrial proteins) is a posttranslational modification of intracellular proteins and serves as a metabolic rheostat for cellular stress. Total levels of O-GlcNAcylation are determined by nutrient and metabolic flux, in addition to the net activity of 2 enzymes: O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Failing myocardium is marked by increased O-GlcNAcylation, but whether excessive O-GlcNAcylation contributes to cardiomyopathy and heart failure is unknown. METHODS We developed 2 new transgenic mouse models with myocardial overexpression of OGT and OGA to control O-GlcNAcylation independent of pathologic stress. RESULTS We found that OGT transgenic hearts showed increased O-GlcNAcylation and developed severe dilated cardiomyopathy, ventricular arrhythmias, and premature death. In contrast, OGA transgenic hearts had lower O-GlcNAcylation but identical cardiac function to wild-type littermate controls. OGA transgenic hearts were resistant to pathologic stress induced by pressure overload with attenuated myocardial O-GlcNAcylation levels after stress and decreased pathologic hypertrophy compared with wild-type controls. Interbreeding OGT with OGA transgenic mice rescued cardiomyopathy and premature death, despite persistent elevation of myocardial OGT. Transcriptomic and functional studies revealed disrupted mitochondrial energetics with impairment of complex I activity in hearts from OGT transgenic mice. Complex I activity was rescued by OGA transgenic interbreeding, suggesting an important role for mitochondrial complex I in O-GlcNAc-mediated cardiac pathology. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that excessive O-GlcNAcylation causes cardiomyopathy, at least in part, attributable to defective energetics. Enhanced OGA activity is well tolerated and attenuation of O-GlcNAcylation is beneficial against pressure overload-induced pathologic remodeling and heart failure. These findings suggest that attenuation of excessive O-GlcNAcylation may represent a novel therapeutic approach for cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Umapathi
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Olurotimi O. Mesubi
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Partha S. Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Neha Abrol
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elizabeth D. Luczak
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yuejin Wu
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Granger
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Oscar E. Reyes Gaido
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Liliana Florea
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Computational Biology Consulting Core, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - C. Conover Talbot
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. of Georgia, Athens GA 30602, USA
| | - Natasha E. Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mark E. Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Yu ZY, Gong H, Wu J, Dai Y, Kesteven SH, Fatkin D, Martinac B, Graham RM, Feneley MP. Cardiac Gq Receptors and Calcineurin Activation Are Not Required for the Hypertrophic Response to Mechanical Left Ventricular Pressure Overload. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639509. [PMID: 33659256 PMCID: PMC7917224 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Gq-coupled receptors are thought to play a critical role in the induction of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) secondary to pressure overload, although mechano-sensitive channel activation by a variety of mechanisms has also been proposed, and the relative importance of calcineurin- and calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent hypertrophic pathways remains controversial. Objective To determine the mechanisms regulating the induction of LVH in response to mechanical pressure overload. Methods and Results Transgenic mice with cardiac-targeted inhibition of Gq-coupled receptors (GqI mice) and their non-transgenic littermates (NTL) were subjected to neurohumoral stimulation (continuous, subcutaneous angiotensin II (AngII) infusion for 14 days) or mechanical pressure overload (transverse aortic arch constriction (TAC) for 21 days) to induce LVH. Candidate signaling pathway activation was examined. As expected, LVH observed in NTL mice with AngII infusion was attenuated in heterozygous (GqI+/-) mice and absent in homozygous (GqI-/-) mice. In contrast, LVH due to TAC was unaltered by either heterozygous or homozygous Gq inhibition. Gene expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and α-skeletal actin (α-SA) was increased 48 h after AngII infusion or TAC in NTL mice; in GqI mice, the increases in ANP, BNP and α-SA in response to AngII were completely absent, as expected, but all three increased after TAC. Increased nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells c4 (NFATc4), indicating calcineurin pathway activation, occurred in NTL mice with AngII infusion but not TAC, and was prevented in GqI mice infused with AngII. Nuclear and cytoplasmic CaMKIIδ levels increased in both NTL and GqI mice after TAC but not AngII infusion, with increased cytoplasmic phospho- and total histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) and increased nuclear myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) levels. Conclusion Cardiac Gq receptors and calcineurin activation are required for neurohumorally mediated LVH but not for LVH induced by mechanical pressure overload (TAC). Rather, TAC-induced LVH is associated with activation of the CaMKII-HDAC4-MEF2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yan Yu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hutao Gong
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Yun Dai
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott H Kesteven
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert M Graham
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael P Feneley
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Medzikovic L, Heese H, van Loenen PB, van Roomen CPAA, Hooijkaas IB, Christoffels VM, Creemers EE, de Vries CJM, de Waard V. Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Controls Cardiac Fibrosis through Distinct Actions on Fibroblasts and Cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041600. [PMID: 33562500 PMCID: PMC7915046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark of adverse cardiac remodeling, which promotes heart failure, but it is also an essential repair mechanism to prevent cardiac rupture, signifying the importance of appropriate regulation of this process. In the remodeling heart, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) differentiate into myofibroblasts (MyoFB), which are the key mediators of the fibrotic response. Additionally, cardiomyocytes are involved by providing pro-fibrotic cues. Nuclear receptor Nur77 is known to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and associated fibrosis; however, the exact function of Nur77 in the fibrotic response is yet unknown. Here, we show that Nur77-deficient mice exhibit severe myocardial wall thinning, rupture and reduced collagen fiber density after myocardial infarction and chronic isoproterenol (ISO) infusion. Upon Nur77 knockdown in cultured rat CFs, expression of MyoFB markers and extracellular matrix proteins is reduced after stimulation with ISO or transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β). Accordingly, Nur77-depleted CFs produce less collagen and exhibit diminished proliferation and wound closure capacity. Interestingly, Nur77 knockdown in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes results in increased paracrine induction of MyoFB differentiation, which was blocked by TGF-β receptor antagonism. Taken together, Nur77-mediated regulation involves CF-intrinsic promotion of CF-to-MyoFB transition and inhibition of cardiomyocyte-driven paracrine TGF-β-mediated MyoFB differentiation. As such, Nur77 provides distinct, cell-specific regulation of cardiac fibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiomyopathies/genetics
- Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Heart Rupture/genetics
- Heart Rupture/metabolism
- Heart Rupture/pathology
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Models, Cardiovascular
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Myofibroblasts/pathology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/deficiency
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Rats
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Ventricular Remodeling/genetics
- Ventricular Remodeling/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejla Medzikovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hylja Heese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
| | - Pieter B. van Loenen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
| | - Cindy P. A. A. van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
| | - Ingeborg B. Hooijkaas
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.H.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Vincent M. Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (I.B.H.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Esther E. Creemers
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Carlie J. M. de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
| | - Vivian de Waard
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (L.M.); (H.H.); (P.B.v.L.); (C.P.A.A.v.R.); (C.J.M.d.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Brancolini C, Di Giorgio E, Formisano L, Gagliano T. Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes (Who Controls the Controllers)? Two Decades of Studies on HDAC9. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020090. [PMID: 33513699 PMCID: PMC7912504 DOI: 10.3390/life11020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how an epigenetic regulator drives different cellular responses can be a tricky task. Very often, their activities are modulated by large multiprotein complexes, the composition of which is context- and time-dependent. As a consequence, experiments aimed to unveil the functions of an epigenetic regulator can provide different outcomes and conclusions, depending on the circumstances. HDAC9 (histone deacetylase), an epigenetic regulator that influences different differentiating and adaptive responses, makes no exception. Since its discovery, different phenotypes and/or dysfunctions have been observed after the artificial manipulation of its expression. The cells and the microenvironment use multiple strategies to control and monitor HDAC9 activities. To date, some of the genes under HDAC9 control have been identified. However, the exact mechanisms through which HDAC9 can achieve all the different tasks so far described, remain mysterious. Whether it can assemble into different multiprotein complexes and how the cells modulate these complexes is not clearly defined. In summary, despite several cellular responses are known to be affected by HDAC9, many aspects of its network of interactions still remain to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Brancolini
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.G.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eros Di Giorgio
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, “Federico II” University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Teresa Gagliano
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, p.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.G.); (T.G.)
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de Boer RA, Hulot J, Tocchetti CG, Aboumsallem JP, Ameri P, Anker SD, Bauersachs J, Bertero E, Coats AJ, Čelutkienė J, Chioncel O, Dodion P, Eschenhagen T, Farmakis D, Bayes‐Genis A, Jäger D, Jankowska EA, Kitsis RN, Konety SH, Larkin J, Lehmann L, Lenihan DJ, Maack C, Moslehi JJ, Müller OJ, Nowak‐Sliwinska P, Piepoli MF, Ponikowski P, Pudil R, Rainer PP, Ruschitzka F, Sawyer D, Seferovic PM, Suter T, Thum T, van der Meer P, Van Laake LW, von Haehling S, Heymans S, Lyon AR, Backs J. Common mechanistic pathways in cancer and heart failure. A scientific roadmap on behalf of the Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur J Heart Fail 2020; 22:2272-2289. [PMID: 33094495 PMCID: PMC7894564 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of cancer and heart failure (HF) represents a significant clinical drawback as each disease interferes with the treatment of the other. In addition to shared risk factors, a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence reveals numerous commonalities in the biology underlying both pathologies. Inflammation emerges as a common hallmark for both diseases as it contributes to the initiation and progression of both HF and cancer. Under stress, malignant and cardiac cells change their metabolic preferences to survive, which makes these metabolic derangements a great basis to develop intersection strategies and therapies to combat both diseases. Furthermore, genetic predisposition and clonal haematopoiesis are common drivers for both conditions and they hold great clinical relevance in the context of personalized medicine. Additionally, altered angiogenesis is a common hallmark for failing hearts and tumours and represents a promising substrate to target in both diseases. Cardiac cells and malignant cells interact with their surrounding environment called stroma. This interaction mediates the progression of the two pathologies and understanding the structure and function of each stromal component may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies and improved outcomes in patients. The interdisciplinary collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists is essential to establish unified guidelines. To this aim, pre-clinical models that mimic the human situation, where both pathologies coexist, are needed to understand all the aspects of the bidirectional relationship between cancer and HF. Finally, adequately powered clinical studies, including patients from all ages, and men and women, with proper adjudication of both cancer and cardiovascular endpoints, are essential to accurately study these two pathologies at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jean‐Sébastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, PARCC, INSERMParisFrance
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP‐HP, Hôpital Européen Georges‐PompidouParisFrance
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational ResearchFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | | | - Pietro Ameri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of GenovaGenoaItaly
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Stefan D. Anker
- Department of Cardiology & Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site BerlinCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Campus CVK)BerlinGermany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Comprehensive Heart Failure CenterUniversity Clinic WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Jelena Čelutkienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineVilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases ‘Prof. C.C. Iliescu’University of Medicine Carol DavilaBucharestRomania
| | | | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)HamburgGermany
| | - Dimitrios Farmakis
- University of Cyprus Medical SchoolNicosiaCyprus
- Cardio‐Oncology Clinic, Heart Failure Unit, Department of CardiologyAthens University Hospital ‘Attikon’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthensGreece
| | - Antoni Bayes‐Genis
- Heart Failure Unit and Cardiology DepartmentHospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBERCVBadalonaSpain
- Department of MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER CardiovascularInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT)University Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Ewa A. Jankowska
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, and Centre for Heart DiseasesUniversity HospitalWroclawPoland
| | - Richard N. Kitsis
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cell BiologyWilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Suma H. Konety
- Cardiovascular Division, Cardio‐Oncology Program, Department of MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMNUSA
| | | | - Lorenz Lehmann
- Cardio‐Oncology Unit, Department of CardiologyUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner siteHeidelberg/MannheimGermany
- DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Daniel J. Lenihan
- Cardio‐Oncology Center of Excellence, Cardiovascular DivisionWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure CenterUniversity Clinic WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Javid J. Moslehi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and OncologyCardio‐Oncology Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt‐Ingram Cancer CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine IIIUniversity of KielKielGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner siteHamburg/Kiel/LübeckGermany
| | - Patrycja Nowak‐Sliwinska
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Geneva, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Translational Research Center in OncohaematologyGenevaSwitzerland
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, and Centre for Heart DiseasesUniversity HospitalWroclawPoland
| | - Radek Pudil
- 1st Department Medicine‐CardioangiologyUniversity Hospital and Medical FacultyHradec KraloveCzech Republic
| | - Peter P. Rainer
- Medical University of GrazUniversity Heart Center – Division of CardiologyGrazAustria
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospital Zurich, University Heart CenterZurichSwitzerland
| | - Douglas Sawyer
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research InstituteMaine Medical CenterScarboroughMEUSA
| | - Petar M. Seferovic
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Sciences and ArtsBelgradeSerbia
| | - Thomas Suter
- Swiss Cardiovascular CentreBern UniversityBernSwitzerland
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS)Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Linda W. Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine CentreUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart CenterUniversity of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life SciencesMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesCentre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Alexander R. Lyon
- Cardio‐Oncology Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental CardiologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner siteHeidelberg/MannheimGermany
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Kang Q, Yang C. Oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenetic role and therapeutic implications. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101799. [PMID: 33248932 PMCID: PMC7767789 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a cytopathic outcome of excessive generation of ROS and the repression of antioxidant defense system for ROS elimination, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including diabetes and its complications. Retinopathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the primary cause of acquired blindness in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress has been verified as one critical contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Oxidative stress can both contribute to and result from the metabolic abnormalities induced by hyperglycemia, mainly including the increased flux of the polyol pathway and hexosamine pathway, the hyper-activation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Moreover, the repression of the antioxidant defense system by hyperglycemia-mediated epigenetic modification also leads to the imbalance between the scavenging and production of ROS. Excessive accumulation of ROS induces mitochondrial damage, cellular apoptosis, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and structural and functional alterations in retina. Therefore, it is important to understand and elucidate the oxidative stress-related mechanisms underlying the progress of diabetic retinopathy. In addition, the abnormalities correlated with oxidative stress provide multiple potential therapeutic targets to develop safe and effective treatments for diabetic retinopathy. Here, we also summarized the main antioxidant therapeutic strategies to control this disease. Oxidative stress can both contribute to and result from hyperglycemia-induced metabolic abnormalities in retina. Genes important in regulation of ROS are epigenetically modified, increasing ROS accumulation in retina. Oxidative stress is closely associated with the pathological changes in the progress of diabetic retinopathy. Antioxidants ameliorate retinopathy through targeting multiple steps of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzheng Kang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Chunxue Yang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
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Metabolic Alterations Caused by Defective Cardiolipin Remodeling in Inherited Cardiomyopathies. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10110277. [PMID: 33187128 PMCID: PMC7697959 DOI: 10.3390/life10110277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is the most energy-consuming organ in the human body. In heart failure, the homeostasis of energy supply and demand is endangered by an increase in cardiomyocyte workload, or by an insufficiency in energy-providing processes. Energy metabolism is directly associated with mitochondrial redox homeostasis. The production of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) may overwhelm mitochondrial and cellular ROS defense mechanisms in case of heart failure. Mitochondria are essential cell organelles and provide 95% of the required energy in the heart. Metabolic remodeling, changes in mitochondrial structure or function, and alterations in mitochondrial calcium signaling diminish mitochondrial energy provision in many forms of cardiomyopathy. The mitochondrial respiratory chain creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which couples respiration with oxidative phosphorylation and the preservation of energy in the chemical bonds of ATP. Akin to other mitochondrial enzymes, the respiratory chain is integrated into the inner mitochondrial membrane. The tight association with the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) ensures its structural integrity and coordinates enzymatic activity. This review focuses on how changes in mitochondrial CL may be associated with heart failure. Dysfunctional CL has been found in diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemia reperfusion injury and the aging heart. Barth syndrome (BTHS) is caused by an inherited defect in the biosynthesis of cardiolipin. Moreover, a dysfunctional CL pool causes other types of rare inherited cardiomyopathies, such as Sengers syndrome and Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Ataxia (DCMA). Here we review the impact of cardiolipin deficiency on mitochondrial functions in cellular and animal models. We describe the molecular mechanisms concerning mitochondrial dysfunction as an incitement of cardiomyopathy and discuss potential therapeutic strategies.
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Li G, Tian Y, Zhu WG. The Roles of Histone Deacetylases and Their Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576946. [PMID: 33117804 PMCID: PMC7552186 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations and abnormal gene regulation are key mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. Nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wrapped around histone cores, represent the basic units of chromatin. The fifth amino group (Nε) of histone lysine residues is a common site for post-translational modifications (PTMs), and of these, acetylation is the second most common. Histone acetylation is modulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), and is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Over the past two decades, numerous studies characterizing HDACs and HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have provided novel and exciting insights concerning their underlying biological mechanisms and potential anti-cancer treatments. In this review, we detail the diverse structures of HDACs and their underlying biological functions, including transcriptional regulation, metabolism, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein degradation, immunity and other several physiological processes. We also highlight potential avenues to use HDACi as novel, precision cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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Madsen A, Höppner G, Krause J, Hirt MN, Laufer SD, Schweizer M, Tan WLW, Mosqueira D, Anene-Nzelu CG, Lim I, Foo RSY, Eschenhagen T, Stenzig J. An Important Role for DNMT3A-Mediated DNA Methylation in Cardiomyocyte Metabolism and Contractility. Circulation 2020; 142:1562-1578. [PMID: 32885664 PMCID: PMC7566310 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: DNA methylation acts as a mechanism of gene transcription regulation. It has recently gained attention as a possible therapeutic target in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, its exact role in cardiomyocytes remains controversial. Thus, we knocked out the main de novo DNA methyltransferase in cardiomyocytes, DNMT3A, in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Functional consequences of DNA methylation-deficiency under control and stress conditions were then assessed in human engineered heart tissue from knockout human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Methods: DNMT3A was knocked out in human induced pluripotent stem cells by CRISPR/Cas9gene editing. Fibrin-based engineered heart tissue was generated from knockout and control human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Development and baseline contractility were analyzed by video-optical recording. Engineered heart tissue was subjected to different stress protocols, including serum starvation, serum variation, and restrictive feeding. Molecular, histological, and ultrastructural analyses were performed afterward. Results: Knockout of DNMT3A in human cardiomyocytes had three main consequences for cardiomyocyte morphology and function: (1) Gene expression changes of contractile proteins such as higher atrial gene expression and lower MYH7/MYH6 ratio correlated with different contraction kinetics in knockout versus wild-type; (2) Aberrant activation of the glucose/lipid metabolism regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma was associated with accumulation of lipid vacuoles within knockout cardiomyocytes; (3) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α protein instability was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and lower glycolytic enzyme expression, rendering knockout-engineered heart tissue sensitive to metabolic stress such as serum withdrawal and restrictive feeding. Conclusion: The results suggest an important role of DNA methylation in the normal homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and during cardiac stress, which could make it an interesting target for cardiac therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Madsen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
| | - Grit Höppner
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
| | - Julia Krause
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.).,Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Germany (J.K.)
| | - Marc N Hirt
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
| | - Sandra D Laufer
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Department of Morphology and Electron Microscopy, Center for Molecular Neurobiology (M.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Diogo Mosqueira
- Division of Cancer & Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (D.M.)
| | - Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., I.L., R.S.Y.F.).,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (C.G.A.-N., I.L., R.S.Y.F.)
| | - Ives Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., I.L., R.S.Y.F.)
| | - Roger S Y Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., I.L., R.S.Y.F.).,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (C.G.A.-N., I.L., R.S.Y.F.)
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
| | - Justus Stenzig
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.M., G.H., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany (A.M., G.H., J.K., M.N.H., S.D.L., T.E., J.S.)
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48
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Cardiac Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Nr4a1 Mediated Glucose Metabolism Dysregulation in Response to High-Fat Diet. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070720. [PMID: 32610475 PMCID: PMC7397175 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), with limited alterations in cardiac genomic characteristics known. Cardiac transcriptome analysis was conducted to profile gene signatures in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. A total of 184 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between groups. Based on the gene ontology (GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs, the critical role of closely interlocked glucose metabolism was determined in HFD-induced cardiac remodeling DEGs, including Nr4a1, Fgf21, Slc2a3, Pck1, Gck, Hmgcs2, and Bpgm. Subsequently, the expression levels of these DEGs were evaluated in both the myocardium and palmitic acid (PA)-stimulated H9c2 cardiomyocytes using qPCR. Nr4a1 was highlighted according to its overexpression resulting from the HFD. Additionally, inhibition of Nr4a1 by siRNA reversed the PA-induced altered expression of glucose metabolism-related DEGs and hexokinase 2 (HK2), the rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, thus indicating that Nr4a1 could modulate glucose metabolism homeostasis by regulating the expression of key enzymes in glycolysis, which may subsequently influence cardiac function in obesity. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the myocardium transcript molecular framework influenced by HFD and propose Nr4a1 as a key glucose metabolism target in obesity-induced CVD.
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49
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Hsu A, Duan Q, McMahon S, Huang Y, Wood SA, Gray NS, Wang B, Bruneau BG, Haldar SM. Salt-inducible kinase 1 maintains HDAC7 stability to promote pathologic cardiac remodeling. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2966-2977. [PMID: 32106109 PMCID: PMC7259992 DOI: 10.1172/jci133753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) are key regulators of cellular metabolism and growth, but their role in cardiomyocyte plasticity and heart failure pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we showed that loss of SIK1 kinase activity protected against adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure pathogenesis in rodent models and cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. We found that SIK1 phosphorylated and stabilized histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) protein during cardiac stress, an event that is required for pathologic cardiomyocyte remodeling. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of HDAC7 in cultured cardiomyocytes implicated HDAC7 as a prohypertrophic signaling effector that can induce c-Myc expression, indicating a functional departure from the canonical MEF2 corepressor function of class IIa HDACs. Taken together, our findings reveal what we believe to be a previously unrecognized role for a SIK1/HDAC7 axis in regulating cardiac stress responses and implicate this pathway as a potential target in human heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Hsu
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Qiming Duan
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah McMahon
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah A.B. Wood
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Benoit G. Bruneau
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Saptarsi M. Haldar
- Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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50
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He T, Huang J, Chen L, Han G, Stanmore D, Krebs-Haupenthal J, Avkiran M, Hagenmüller M, Backs J. Cyclic AMP represses pathological MEF2 activation by myocyte-specific hypo-phosphorylation of HDAC5. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 145:88-98. [PMID: 32485181 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) critically regulate cardiac function through the repression of the activity of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2)-dependent gene programs. Protein kinase D (PKD) and Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activate MEF2 by phosphorylating distinct HDAC isoforms and thereby creating 14-3-3 binding sites for nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Recently, it has been shown that this process is counteracted by cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent signaling. Here, we investigated the specific mechanisms of how cAMP-dependent signaling regulates distinct HDAC isoforms and determined their relative contributions to the protection from pathological MEF2 activation. We found that cAMP is sufficient to induce nuclear retention and to blunt phosphorylation of the 14-3-3 binding sites of HDAC5 (Ser259/498) and HDAC9 (Ser218/448) but not HDAC4 (Ser246/467/632). These regulatory events could be observed only in cardiomyocytes and myocyte-like cells but not in non-myocytes, pointing to an indirect myocyte-specific mode of action. Consistent with one previous report, we found that blunted phosphorylation of HDAC5 and HDAC9 was mediated by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent inhibition of PKD. However, we show by the use of neonatal cardiomyocytes derived from genetic HDAC mouse models that endogenous HDAC5 but not HDAC9 contributes specifically to the repression of endogenous MEF2 activity. HDAC4 contributed significantly to the repression of MEF2 activity but based on the mechanistic findings of this study combined with previous results we attribute this to PKA-dependent proteolysis of HDAC4. Consistently, cAMP-induced repression of agonist-driven cellular hypertrophy was blunted in cardiomyocytes deficient for both HDAC5 and HDAC4. In conclusion, cAMP inhibits MEF2 through both nuclear accumulation of hypo-phosphorylated HDAC5 and through a distinct HDAC4-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiale Huang
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lan Chen
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gang Han
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany; Department of Basic Medicine of College of Medicine and Health, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - David Stanmore
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jutta Krebs-Haupenthal
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Metin Avkiran
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Marco Hagenmüller
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
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